Open Access
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Postprint (40)
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (4)
Gehört zur Bibliographie
- ja (44)
Schlagworte
- democracy (3)
- coordination (2)
- evaluation (2)
- higher education (2)
- local government (2)
- political equality (2)
- visions of democracy (2)
- Australian bicameralism (1)
- Eingaben (1)
- European Union (1)
- Führung (1)
- Gerald Gaus (1)
- German Democratic Republic (GDR) (1)
- Germany (1)
- Information and communication technologies (ICT) (1)
- Ministerialverwaltung (1)
- Participation (1)
- Personalmanagement (1)
- Potsdam Grievance Statistics File (PGSF) (1)
- Public Management (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Reformbereitschaft (1)
- Talent Management (1)
- Traineeprogramm (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- accountability (1)
- active labor market policies (1)
- administrative reform (1)
- administrative reforms (1)
- anniversary issue (1)
- application (1)
- appropriatenes (1)
- attitudes (1)
- behavior (1)
- bicameralism (1)
- business processes (1)
- candidates (1)
- carbon pricing (1)
- change management (1)
- cities and regions (1)
- citizenship (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate policy analysis models (1)
- coalitions (1)
- coercion (1)
- collaborative consumption (1)
- collective team identification (1)
- comparison (1)
- complex problems (1)
- conceptualization (1)
- consensus (1)
- consumer behavior (1)
- consumer education (1)
- cooperative goal interdependence (1)
- correlated equilibrium (1)
- de-concentration (1)
- decentralization (1)
- decomposition analysis (1)
- definition (1)
- democratic quality (1)
- design options (1)
- distributional effect (1)
- e-government (1)
- economic model structures and mechanisms (1)
- economics (1)
- effectiveness (1)
- efficiency (1)
- environmental policy (1)
- ethnicity (1)
- evidence-based policy making (1)
- executive-legislative relations (1)
- experiment (1)
- expert interview (1)
- federalism (1)
- field theory (1)
- food security governance (1)
- general equilibrium framework (1)
- global comparison (1)
- governance (1)
- governance for sustainable development (1)
- government-formation (1)
- household data (1)
- impact assessment (1)
- information and communication technology (1)
- informed consent (1)
- innovation policy (1)
- innovation strategies (1)
- institutional reform, (1)
- inter-organizational order (1)
- inter-organizational relations (1)
- international organizations (1)
- job search (1)
- knowledge creep (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- knowledge utilization (1)
- labor market policies (1)
- law (1)
- local government performance (1)
- long-term policy (1)
- low- and middle-income countries (1)
- majority formation (1)
- majority rule (1)
- management analysis (1)
- measurement (1)
- migrant integration (1)
- migration (1)
- multi-actor routines (1)
- multiple equilibria (1)
- municipal amalgamation effects (1)
- municipal mergers (1)
- neo-liberal governance (1)
- organizational behavior (1)
- organizational epistemology (1)
- organizational fields (1)
- organizational memory (1)
- parliamentary government (1)
- parties (1)
- patterns (1)
- perceived effectiveness of quality management (1)
- performance meas- urement (1)
- performance measurement (1)
- pledge fulfillment (1)
- policy (1)
- policy analysis (1)
- policy design (1)
- political integration (1)
- presidential government (1)
- priority setting (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- procedural fairness (1)
- professions (1)
- psychology (1)
- public management issues (1)
- public policy (1)
- public service delivery (1)
- public-reason liberalism (1)
- punctuated equilibrium theory (1)
- quality assurance (1)
- quality manager (1)
- recommendations (1)
- relationship conflict (1)
- research ethics (1)
- scientific use file (1)
- security (1)
- situational strength (1)
- skills (1)
- smart specialization (1)
- social and environmental administration (1)
- social innovation (1)
- social media analytics (1)
- sufficiency (1)
- survey data (1)
- sustainability (1)
- task conflict (1)
- teaching and learning (1)
- team member alignment (1)
- territorial reform (1)
- training (1)
- transnational networks (1)
- turkish (1)
- urban politics (1)
- veto players (1)
- volunteer’s dilemma (1)
- win-win strategies (1)
- youth unemployment (1)
- öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
Institut
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (44) (entfernen)
To cope with the already large, and ever increasing, amount of information stored in organizational memory, "forgetting," as an important human memory process, might be transferred to the organizational context. Especially in intentionally planned change processes (e.g., change management), forgetting is an important precondition to impede the recall of obsolete routines and adapt to new strategic objectives accompanied by new organizational routines. We first comprehensively review the literature on the need for organizational forgetting and particularly on accidental vs. intentional forgetting. We discuss the current state of the art of theory and empirical evidence on forgetting from cognitive psychology in order to infer mechanisms applicable to the organizational context. In this respect, we emphasize retrieval theories and the relevance of retrieval cues important for forgetting. Subsequently, we transfer the empirical evidence that the elimination of retrieval cues leads to faster forgetting to the forgetting of organizational routines, as routines are part of organizational memory. We then propose a classification of cues (context, sensory, business process-related cues) that are relevant in the forgetting of routines, and discuss a meta-cue called the "situational strength" cue, which is relevant if cues of an old and a new routine are present simultaneously. Based on the classification as business process-related cues (information, team, task, object cues), we propose mechanisms to accelerate forgetting by eliminating specific cues based on the empirical and theoretical state of the art. We conclude that in intentional organizational change processes, the elimination of cues to accelerate forgetting should be used in change management practices.
The UN sustainable development goals contain environmental, economic, and social objectives. They may only be reached, or at least it would be easier to reach them, if instead of a trade-off between these objectives that implies a need for balancing them, there are synergies to be reaped. This paper discusses how the structures of economic models typically used in policy analysis influence whether win-win strategies for the environment and the economy can be conceptualised and analysed. With a focus on climate policy modelling, the paper points out how, by construction, commonly used model structures find mitigation costs rather than benefits. This paper describes mechanisms that, when added to these model structures, can bring win- win options into a model's solution horizon, and which provide a spectrum of alternative modelling approaches that allow for the identification of such options.
Since the economic crisis in 2008, European youth unemployment rates have been persistently high at around 20% on average. The majority of European countries spends significant resources each year on active labor market programs (ALMP) with the aim of improving the integration prospects of struggling youths. Among the most common programs used are training courses, job search assistance and monitoring, subsidized employment, and public work programs. For policy makers, it is of upmost importance to know which of these programs work and which are able to achieve the intended goals – may it be the integration into the first labor market or further education. Based on a detailed assessment of the particularities of the youth labor market situation, we discuss the pros and cons of different ALMP types. We then provide a comprehensive survey of the recent evidence on the effectiveness of these ALMP for youth in Europe, highlighting factors that seem to promote or impede their effectiveness in practice. Overall, the findings with respect to employment outcomes are only partly promising. While job search assistance (with and without monitoring) results in overwhelmingly positive effects, we find more mixed effects for training and wage subsidies, whereas the effects for public work programs are clearly negative. The evidence on the impact of ALMP on furthering education participation as well as employment quality is scarce, requiring additional research and allowing only limited conclusions so far.
In the current programming period, European Union (EU) regions and member states that want to use European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) are required to develop innovation strategies for smart specialization (RIS3) based on the idea of rational strategic management. In order to explore the relationship between strategic policy design and policy performance, this article maps regional strategies for information and communication technologies (ICT) and their effects in the period 2008–2012. Furthermore, it generates suggestions for relevant case studies. We first conduct a quantitative analysis of the effects of ICT strategies and ERDF expenditure on regional ICT performance in Western European regions. ICT is a relevant priority for many regions, and it reflects EU priorities fostering ICT activities through regional development funds. Second, we propose a framework to categorize EU regions in the context of ICT policy based on the expected distribution of regional ICT performance. Our analysis covers 97 regions in 9 EU member states, out of which 29 have had a dedicated ICT strategy. In line with ideas of rational strategic management, our working hypothesis states that regions with a dedicated strategy should display better performance. However, our findings suggest that having a dedicated ICT strategy has not had a clear effect on performance in terms of Internet and broadband access, while allocating dedicated ERDF and other expenditure to Internet infrastructure has had a positive effect. At first sight, this questions the effectiveness of rational strategic management. Yet, more research is needed to assess the quality of ICT strategies and their fit with broader innovation agendas. It is indeed the degree of embeddedness of ICT in the regional innovation ecosystem that is likely to condition the effect of strategies on performance. To this end, our mapping indicates interesting case studies, and we suggest additional factors to be taken into account in future analyses. New insights into strategy design and performance will also be important to inform the implementation of the new generation of innovation strategies for smart specialization.
The role of knowledge in the policy process remains a central theoretical puzzle in policy analysis and political science. This article argues that an important yet missing piece of this puzzle is the systematic exploration of the political use of policy knowledge. While much of the recent debate has focused on the question of how the substantive use of knowledge can improve the quality of policy choices, our understanding of the political use of knowledge and its effects in the policy process has remained deficient in key respects. A revised conceptualization of the political use of knowledge is introduced that emphasizes how conflicting knowledge can be used to contest given structures of policy authority. This allows the analysis to differentiate between knowledge creep and knowledge shifts as two distinct types of knowledge effects in the policy process. While knowledge creep is associated with incremental policy change within existing policy structures, knowledge shifts are linked to more fundamental policy change in situations when the structures of policy authority undergo some level of transformation. The article concludes by identifying characteristics of the administrative structure of policy systems or sectors that make knowledge shifts more or less likely.
This reference paper describes the sampling and contents of the IZA Evaluation Dataset Survey and outlines its vast potential for research in labor economics. The data have been part of a unique IZA project to connect administrative data from the German Federal Employment Agency with innovative survey data to study the out-mobility of individuals to work. This study makes the survey available to the research community as a Scientific Use File by explaining the development, structure, and access to the data. Furthermore, it also summarizes previous findings with the survey data.
Research indicates that evidence-based policy making is most successful when public administrators refer to diversified information portfolios. With the rising prominence of social media in the last decade, this paper argues that governments can benefit from integrating this publically available, user-generated data through the technique of social media analytics (SMA). There are already several initiatives set up to predict future policy issues, e.g. for the policy fields of crisis mitigation or migrant integration insights. The authors analyse these endeavours and their potential for providing more efficient and effective public policies. Furthermore, they scrutinise the challenges to governmental SMA usage in particular with regards to legal and ethical aspects. Reflecting the latter, this paper provides forward-looking recommendations on how these technologies can best be used for future policy making in a legally and ethically sound manner.
Fairness versus efficiency
(2018)
We investigate in a laboratory experiment whether procedural fairness concerns affect how well individuals are able to solve a coordination problem in a two-player Volunteer's Dilemma. Subjects receive external action recommendations, either to volunteer or to abstain from it, in order to facilitate coordination and improve efficiency. We manipulate the fairness of the recommendation procedure by varying the probabilities of receiving the disadvantageous recommendation to volunteer between players. We find evidence that while recommendations improve overall efficiency regardless of their implications for expected payoffs, there are behavioural asymmetries depending on the recommendation: advantageous recommendations are followed less frequently than disadvantageous ones and beliefs about others' actions are more pessimistic in the treatment with recommendations inducing unequal expected payoffs.
Transcending the conventional debate around efficiency in sustainable consumption, anti-consumption patterns leading to decreased levels of material consumption have been gaining importance. Change agents are crucial for the promotion of such patterns, so there may be lessons for governance interventions that can be learnt from the every-day experiences of those who actively implement and promote sustainability in the field of anti-consumption. Eighteen social innovation pioneers, who engage in and diffuse practices of voluntary simplicity and collaborative consumption as sustainable options of anti-consumption share their knowledge and personal insights in expert interviews for this research. Our qualitative content analysis reveals drivers, barriers, and governance strategies to strengthen anti-consumption patterns, which are negotiated between the market, the state, and civil society. Recommendations derived from the interviews concern entrepreneurship, municipal infrastructures in support of local grassroots projects, regulative policy measures, more positive communication to strengthen the visibility of initiatives and emphasize individual benefits, establishing a sense of community, anti-consumer activism, and education. We argue for complementary action between top-down strategies, bottom-up initiatives, corporate activities, and consumer behavior. The results are valuable to researchers, activists, marketers, and policymakers who seek to enhance their understanding of materially reduced consumption patterns based on the real-life experiences of active pioneers in the field.
Open Government
(2013)
Bis heute gelingt es kaum, Begriffe rund um die Verwaltungsreform – von New Public Management bis zu den E-Modellen – schlüssig voneinander abzugrenzen. Dieses Defizit wird bei der Betrachtung des Konzepts Open Government erneut sichtbar. Der Begriff Open Government ist dabei nicht nur aus verwaltungswissenschaftlicher, sondern mit Blick auf die Instrumente der direkten Demokratie auch aus politikwissenschaftlicher Perspektive zu betrachten. Handelt es sich um einen Sammelbegriff für hauptsächlich schon Dagewesenes?