Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (997)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (209)
- Doctoral Thesis (201)
- Postprint (68)
- Review (25)
- Master's Thesis (17)
- Other (15)
- Conference Proceeding (6)
- Habilitation Thesis (6)
- Report (6)
Language
- English (786)
- German (765)
- Spanish (3)
- Multiple languages (2)
- French (1)
Keywords
- Curriculum Framework (37)
- European values education (37)
- Europäische Werteerziehung (37)
- Lehrevaluation (37)
- Studierendenaustausch (37)
- Unterrichtseinheiten (37)
- climate change (37)
- curriculum framework (37)
- lesson evaluation (37)
- student exchange (37)
- teaching units (37)
- Familie (35)
- Family (35)
- Klimawandel (15)
- Germany (14)
- vulnerability (12)
- Modellierung (11)
- adaptation (10)
- hydrology (10)
- uncertainty (10)
- Diskussion-Unterricht (9)
- Education (9)
- Geographie-Didaktik (9)
- Geographie-Studium (9)
- Geographie-Unterricht (9)
- Metzler Handbuch 2.0 (9)
- Unterrichtsmethoden (9)
- Discussion (8)
- Geography Education (8)
- Hochwasser (8)
- Strategies (8)
- floods (8)
- machine learning (8)
- Climate change (7)
- Europe (7)
- Hydrologie (7)
- Klimaanpassung (7)
- modeling (7)
- modelling (7)
- Turkey (6)
- flood risk (6)
- land use (6)
- variability (6)
- GIS (5)
- Transformation (5)
- Unsicherheit (5)
- Unsicherheiten (5)
- Vulnerabilität (5)
- catchment (5)
- nutrients (5)
- permafrost (5)
- preparedness (5)
- random forest (5)
- remote sensing (5)
- validation (5)
- water quality (5)
- Deutschland (4)
- Erosion (4)
- Fernerkundung (4)
- Geographieunterricht (4)
- Klimaänderung (4)
- Landnutzung (4)
- Slumming (4)
- Slumtourismus (4)
- Starkregen (4)
- Tibetan Plateau (4)
- Tourismus (4)
- climate change adaptation (4)
- climate change impacts (4)
- damage (4)
- deep learning (4)
- disaster risk reduction (4)
- drought (4)
- dynamics (4)
- flood (4)
- global change (4)
- model (4)
- numerical modeling (4)
- risk (4)
- seasonality (4)
- sensitivity analysis (4)
- slumming (4)
- soil moisture (4)
- sustainability (4)
- temperature (4)
- water balance (4)
- Adaptation (3)
- Air pollution (3)
- Arctic (3)
- Berlin (3)
- Biodiversity (3)
- Chile (3)
- ERA5 (3)
- Evaluation (3)
- Extreme events (3)
- Forstwirtschaft (3)
- GLOF (3)
- Geomorphologie (3)
- Grundwasser (3)
- Himalaya (3)
- Kartographie (3)
- Lake Malawi (3)
- Landnutzungsänderung (3)
- Landwirtschaft (3)
- Luftverschmutzung (3)
- Mediterranean basin (3)
- Mekong Delta (3)
- Migration (3)
- Mongolia (3)
- Nachhaltigkeit (3)
- Nitrogen (3)
- Nährstoffe (3)
- Risiko (3)
- Risk reduction (3)
- Rumänien (3)
- Schadensmodellierung (3)
- Shire River (3)
- Siberia (3)
- Soil erosion (3)
- South Africa (3)
- Stadtentwicklung (3)
- Stadtplanung (3)
- Stickstoff (3)
- Wasserqualität (3)
- agriculture (3)
- analysis (3)
- biomass (3)
- calibration (3)
- carbon sequestration (3)
- classification (3)
- convolutional neural network (3)
- drought intensity (3)
- drought projections (3)
- earthquake (3)
- erosion (3)
- events (3)
- flood hazards (3)
- flood risk management (3)
- flooding (3)
- geography education (3)
- geomorphology (3)
- health (3)
- hierarchical clustering (3)
- hydrological models (3)
- hydrological processes (3)
- hydrologische Modellierung (3)
- insurance (3)
- inundation (3)
- lakes (3)
- land use change (3)
- last glacial maximum (3)
- machine (3)
- meteorological drought (3)
- natural hazards (3)
- pathway (3)
- planning (3)
- pluvial flooding (3)
- prediction (3)
- private households (3)
- resilience (3)
- restoration (3)
- risk analysis (3)
- risk governance (3)
- risk perception (3)
- risk perceptions (3)
- runoff (3)
- scale (3)
- sediment transport (3)
- simulation (3)
- slum tourism (3)
- soil erosion (3)
- stakeholder participation (3)
- support vector machine (3)
- tourism (3)
- township tourism (3)
- transformation (3)
- uncertainties (3)
- water security (3)
- 5-day waves (2)
- 6.5-Day wave (2)
- Abandonment (2)
- Alltag (2)
- Alps (2)
- Anthropogene Klimaänderung (2)
- Arctic lakes (2)
- Armut (2)
- Authentizität (2)
- Baltic Sea (2)
- Bay of Biscay (2)
- Bayesian statistics (2)
- Big Data (2)
- Bodenerosion (2)
- Bodenhydrologie (2)
- Brandenburg (2)
- Brasilien (2)
- Brazil (2)
- CORDEX data (2)
- Cape Town (2)
- Carbon (2)
- China (2)
- City ranking (2)
- Climate adaptation (2)
- Cluster analysis (2)
- Clusteranalyse (2)
- Compound events (2)
- Crustal structure (2)
- Datenbank (2)
- Deforestation (2)
- Determinants (2)
- Disko Bay (2)
- Drivers (2)
- Droughts (2)
- Dürre (2)
- East Germany (2)
- Ecosystem services (2)
- Einzugsgebiet (2)
- Emission scenarios (2)
- Entwicklungspolitik (2)
- Environmental sciences (2)
- Euglyphida (2)
- Extreme weather (2)
- Extremereignisse (2)
- FTIR spectroscopy (2)
- Flood (2)
- Floods (2)
- Flusshochwasser (2)
- Fuel cell electric vehicle (2)
- Future projections (2)
- Geographie (2)
- Geoinformatik (2)
- Geoinformation (2)
- Geostatistik (2)
- German road transport (2)
- Greenhouse gas mitigation (2)
- Greenhouse gases (2)
- Hess-Brezowsky Großwetterlagen classification (2)
- Hitze (2)
- Hochwasserrisiko (2)
- Holocene (2)
- Holocene environmental history (2)
- Hydrogen economy (2)
- Hydrologische Modellierung (2)
- Ideologie (2)
- India (2)
- Indian Summer Monsoon (2)
- Insurance (2)
- Intensity (2)
- Italian Alps (2)
- Kapstadt (2)
- Katutura (2)
- Klassifikation (2)
- Klimaschutz (2)
- Klimaszenarien (2)
- Kohlenstoffspeicherung (2)
- Kommunikation (2)
- Landschaftsökologie (2)
- Late Quaternary vegetation (2)
- LiDAR (2)
- Machine learning (2)
- Maritime Alps (2)
- Meeresspiegelanstieg (2)
- Mongolei (2)
- Namibia (2)
- National-Parks (2)
- Naturgefahr (2)
- Naturgefahren (2)
- Nepal (2)
- Neue Kulturgeographie (2)
- Nitrate (2)
- Northern Asia (2)
- Ohrid-Prespa region (2)
- Optics and photonics (2)
- Ostsee (2)
- Ozone (2)
- Paraíba (2)
- Patterns (2)
- Plant functional types (2)
- Plant sciences (2)
- Pleistocene (2)
- Raumkonstruktion (2)
- Republik Moldau (2)
- Rhine River (2)
- Rossby-normal modes (2)
- SDG interactions (2)
- SDGs (2)
- SWIM (2)
- Sedimentation (2)
- Semiarid (2)
- Sensitivitätsanalyse (2)
- Siberian tree line (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Small Aral Sea (2)
- Soil (2)
- South-Eastern Africa (2)
- Spain (2)
- Species-Diversity (2)
- Stoffhaushalt (2)
- Städte (2)
- Svalbard (2)
- Switzerland (2)
- Systemtheorie (2)
- Südafrika (2)
- TELEMAC-2D model (2)
- Temperatur (2)
- TerraceM (2)
- Township (2)
- Townshiptourismus (2)
- Tree (2)
- Trends (2)
- Urban pluvial flood susceptibility (2)
- Verkhoyansk mountains (2)
- Visualisierung (2)
- Visualization (2)
- Wald (2)
- Waldbewirtschaftung (2)
- Warm spells (2)
- Wasserhaushalt (2)
- West Africa (2)
- Westerlies (2)
- Windhoek (2)
- Wärmetransport (2)
- active floodplain (2)
- alternaria group (2)
- ancient sedimentary DNA (2)
- apple (2)
- apple replant disease (2)
- aquifer (2)
- assembly rules (2)
- atmosphere (2)
- atmospheric blocking (2)
- atmospheric warming (2)
- authenticity (2)
- bank filtration (2)
- biogenic silica (2)
- capacities (2)
- carbonaceous aerosols (2)
- cartography (2)
- charcoal (2)
- chemistry (2)
- chlorophyll a (2)
- cities (2)
- climate (2)
- climate drift (2)
- climate dynamics (2)
- climate-change (2)
- communication (2)
- communities (2)
- continuous simulation (2)
- core PG1351 (2)
- cosmic-ray neutron sensing (2)
- coupled surface (2)
- culling of male chickens (2)
- damage estimation (2)
- data sharing (2)
- development policy (2)
- diatoms (2)
- dietary patterns (2)
- diffuse Belastung (2)
- diffuse pollution (2)
- digital bathymetric model (2)
- digital elevation model (DEM) (2)
- diversity (2)
- drought events (2)
- drought index (2)
- droughts (2)
- drylands (2)
- eastern continental Asia (2)
- ecosystem services (2)
- effectiveness (2)
- emergency management (2)
- emission factors (2)
- empirical mode decomposition (2)
- energy balance (2)
- ensemble prediction (2)
- environmental filtering (2)
- equatorial electrojet (2)
- erosion hotspots (2)
- eutrophication (2)
- evaluation (2)
- evaporation (2)
- extreme events (2)
- extreme rainfall (2)
- family farming (2)
- fill–spill–merge method (2)
- flood hazard (2)
- flood hazard map (2)
- flood predictors (2)
- flood recovery (2)
- flood-prone area (2)
- floodplain (2)
- flow (2)
- football (2)
- forest management (2)
- forest soils (2)
- forestry (2)
- frequency (2)
- frequent flood (2)
- geography (2)
- geoinformation (2)
- geostatistics (2)
- geovisualization (2)
- glacial maximum (2)
- global datasets (2)
- global hydrological model (2)
- global mean temperature (2)
- global warming levels (2)
- greenland shelf (2)
- grenzüberschreitende Aktivitäten (2)
- groundwater (2)
- groundwater inflow (2)
- hazard (2)
- healthy diets (2)
- heat (2)
- heavy precipitation (2)
- holocene (2)
- housing (2)
- human geography (2)
- hydrodynamic modelling (2)
- hydrological modeling (2)
- hydrologische Prozesse (2)
- index (2)
- inequalities (2)
- inference (2)
- integrated flood risk management (2)
- integrierte hydrologische Modellierung (2)
- kettle hole (2)
- knickpoint (2)
- landscape ecology (2)
- landscape evolution (2)
- large-scale (2)
- late pleistocene (2)
- leverage areas (2)
- levoglucosan (2)
- lower thermosphere (2)
- management (2)
- mapping (2)
- marine terrace (2)
- mesoscale (2)
- metabarcoding (2)
- microbial (2)
- mitigation (2)
- mixed methods (2)
- model uncertainty (2)
- models (2)
- molecular tracers (2)
- moorsh forming process (2)
- motivation (2)
- multi-scale analysis (2)
- natural hazard (2)
- nested vulnerabilities (2)
- niche level (2)
- nitrogen (2)
- nonumiform background configuration (2)
- orchard management (2)
- organic aerosols (2)
- paleoenvironmental records (2)
- parameterization (2)
- participatory research (2)
- peatlands (2)
- people (2)
- perialpine lakes (2)
- phylogenetic diversity (2)
- phytolith (2)
- phytoplankton (2)
- planetary-waves (2)
- plant macrofossil data (2)
- policy (2)
- pollen (2)
- pollen records (2)
- pollution (2)
- poverty (2)
- precaution (2)
- probabilistic (2)
- probability (2)
- production (2)
- protection motivation theory (2)
- quantification (2)
- radiative forcing (2)
- reactive transport modeling (2)
- recharge (2)
- recovery (2)
- regional development (2)
- reservoir siltation (2)
- residents (2)
- resources (2)
- rhine basin (2)
- risk management (2)
- river basins (2)
- river longitudinal profile (2)
- runoff generation (2)
- sea-level rise (2)
- seamless prediction (2)
- seasonal forecast skill (2)
- sediment (2)
- sedimentary ancient DNA (2)
- seismicity (2)
- self-efficacy (2)
- semi-arid (2)
- semi-arid regions (2)
- silicon cycling (2)
- snow (2)
- snowmelt (2)
- social science (2)
- societal equity (2)
- soil fatigue (2)
- soil hydrology (2)
- soil organic matter decomposition (2)
- solute transport (2)
- spatial analysis (2)
- spatial modeling (2)
- spatial-temporal (2)
- species composition (2)
- stabile Isotope (2)
- stability (2)
- stable isotopes (2)
- stable water isotope (2)
- streamflow trends (2)
- submerged sequence (2)
- surface temperatures (2)
- surface–groundwater interactions (2)
- suspended sediment (2)
- sustainable development (2)
- swamp forest (2)
- symmetric modes (2)
- system (2)
- temperature-related mortality (2)
- terrestrial carbon balance (2)
- thermochronology (2)
- throughfall (2)
- time-series (2)
- topographic wetness index (TWI) (2)
- total electron-content (2)
- township (2)
- transferability (2)
- transition zone (2)
- trends (2)
- trunk cross-sectional area (2)
- unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (2)
- urban (2)
- urban pluvial flooding (2)
- value-based sustainability assessment (2)
- vulnerability indices (2)
- water fluxes (2)
- water management (2)
- water temperature (2)
- water-balance (2)
- wind erosion (2)
- Ökohydrologie (2)
- (SEM) analysis (1)
- (TPI) (1)
- 10Be (1)
- 2.5-D model (1)
- 239+240Plutonium (1)
- 2D city model (1)
- 2D-Stadtmodell (1)
- 3-D numerical simulations (1)
- 3D city models (1)
- 3D facies modelling (1)
- 3D geovisualisation (1)
- 3D lithospheric model (1)
- 3D thermal model (1)
- 3D visualization (1)
- 3D-Geovisualisierung (1)
- 3D-Model (1)
- 3D-Stadtmodelle (1)
- 3D-Visualisierung (1)
- 3DCityDB (1)
- ACIDIFICATION (1)
- ANCOVA model (1)
- ATKIS (1)
- Abflussbildung (1)
- Abflussbildungsprozesse (1)
- Abflusssaisonalität (1)
- Abflußentwicklung (1)
- Acacia plantation (1)
- Active movement (1)
- Adaptation plans (1)
- Adaptation tracking (1)
- Adria (1)
- Africa (1)
- Agent (1)
- Agrarökosystem (1)
- Agricultural management (1)
- Agricultural soils (1)
- Agriculture (1)
- Air (1)
- Air quality modeling (1)
- Akklimatisierung (1)
- Akzeptanz (1)
- Albania (1)
- Algeria (1)
- Alltagskultur und Ökonomie (1)
- Alterung der Bevölkerung (1)
- Amazonas (1)
- Amazonia (1)
- Amu Darya Delta (1)
- Analyse (1)
- Analyse von Abflussganglinien (1)
- Anatolian plateau (1)
- Andes (1)
- Angstraum (1)
- Anisotropy (1)
- Anleitung (1)
- Annaba (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Anpassungsmaßnahmen (1)
- Anpassungsstrategien (1)
- Anpassungsverhalten (1)
- Anthropogenic impacts (1)
- Antibiotikaresistenz (1)
- Ar-40/Ar-39 age (1)
- Arbeitsethik (1)
- ArcObjects (1)
- Archean spherule layers (1)
- Arctic Ocean (1)
- Arctic aerosol (1)
- Arctic coastal dynamics (1)
- Arctic sea ice (1)
- Arctic tundra (1)
- Argentina (1)
- Arid Central Asia (1)
- Arid ecosystems (1)
- Arktis (1)
- Armed conflict (1)
- Armutstourismus (1)
- Array Seismology (1)
- Array design (1)
- Artificial neural networks (1)
- Artverbreitung (1)
- Athalassic subsaline lake (1)
- Atmospheric dynamics (1)
- Atmosphäre (1)
- Aue (1)
- Augmented Reality (1)
- Auslandspraktikum (1)
- Ausläufer des Himalaya (1)
- Auslösemechanismen (1)
- Ausreisser (1)
- Austria (1)
- Auswirkungen des Klimawandels (1)
- Autocorrelation (1)
- Automatic chamber (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- Automotive Electronics (1)
- Autotropher Nitrat-Aufnahme in Gewässernetzen (1)
- Autotrophic nitrate uptake in river networks (1)
- Außengrenze der EU (1)
- Awareness (1)
- Bac Lieu (1)
- Bachdenitrifikation (1)
- Bacillariophyceae (1)
- Bahnhof (1)
- Bangladesh (1)
- Bank filtration (1)
- Barberton Greenstone Belt (1)
- Barrios cerrados (1)
- Basiskonzepte (1)
- Bauernorganisation (1)
- Bay of Bengal (1)
- Bayes' rule (1)
- Bayes'sche Mehrebenenregression (1)
- Bayes'sche Modelle (1)
- Bayesian analysis (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bayesian model (1)
- Bayesian modeling (1)
- Bayesian multi-level logistic regression (1)
- Bayessche Statistik (1)
- Bayes’ rule (1)
- Be-10 (1)
- Beaufort Sea (1)
- Bedeckungsgrad (1)
- Begleitforschung (1)
- Begrünung (1)
- Belowground herbivory (1)
- Beobachtung anthropogener Aktivitäten (1)
- Beobachtungstheorie (1)
- Berufsschule (1)
- Bestandsniederschlag (1)
- Besucherbefragung (1)
- Betroffenenbefragung (1)
- Bevölkerung (1)
- Bevölkerungspolitik (1)
- Bevölkerungsrückgang und Konsequenzen (1)
- Bewertungssystem (1)
- Bewässerung (1)
- Big data mining zu Hochwasserrisiken (1)
- Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Bioenergie (1)
- Biogenic silica (1)
- Biogeochemistry (1)
- Biome (1)
- Biomonitoring (1)
- Biosilicification (1)
- Biotop (1)
- Black Sea (1)
- Blattflächenindex (1)
- Blind thrust (1)
- Bodenbearbeitung (1)
- Bodenkühlpotenzial (1)
- Bodenschutz (1)
- Bodenwasser (1)
- Bodenwassergehalt (1)
- Body waves (1)
- Bolivian tin belt (1)
- Border area (1)
- Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug (1)
- Broad-band seismometers (1)
- Bunker cave (1)
- Business interruption cost (1)
- Bäche und Flüsse hoher Ordnung (1)
- CAMELS (1)
- CAP (1)
- CO2 emissions (1)
- CO2 storage monitoring (1)
- COSMOS rover (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- CO₂ (1)
- CRNS (1)
- CZO (1)
- Ca Mau (1)
- Ca Mau peninsula (1)
- Cachapoal Glacier (1)
- Caldera-ähnliche Topographie (1)
- Calgary (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Canadian Arctic (1)
- Capital Approach Framework (CAF) (1)
- Carbic Podzol (1)
- Carbon degradation (1)
- Carbon footprint (1)
- Caribbean (1)
- Carpathians (1)
- Cartography (1)
- Cash transfers (1)
- Catalan (1)
- Catchment (1)
- Catchment and in-stream water quality (1)
- Catchment management (1)
- Cattle pasture (1)
- Ceará / Semiarides Gebiet / Wasserreserve / Hydrologie / Mathematisches Modell (1)
- Central (1)
- Central Andes (1)
- Central Asia (1)
- Central European drought 2018 (1)
- Central European drought 2019 (1)
- Centroid moment tensor of M approximate to 3 earthquakes (1)
- Channel steepness index (1)
- Chaos Theory (1)
- Chaostheorie (1)
- Chemistry of fresh water (1)
- Chinese Loess Plateau (1)
- Chronosequenzstudie (1)
- Cities (1)
- City benchmarking (1)
- CityGML (1)
- Citymodel (1)
- Civil Security (1)
- Clausius-Clapeyron (1)
- Clausius-Clapeyron-Gleichung (1)
- Clay rock (1)
- Climate Change Adaptation (1)
- Climate change adaptation (1)
- Climate change impact (1)
- Climate change scenarios (1)
- Climate mitigation (1)
- Climate policy integration (1)
- Climate variability index (1)
- Climate variables (1)
- Clonal plants (1)
- Coastal dynamics (1)
- Coastal erosion (1)
- Colombian conflict (1)
- Communications/decision making (1)
- Company (1)
- Competitive exclusion (1)
- Compoundereignisse (1)
- Computation time (1)
- Computational seismology (1)
- Computersimulation (1)
- Conditional tense (1)
- Conductive channel (1)
- Conductive thermal field (1)
- Cone sheet (1)
- Conservation agriculture (1)
- Content analysis (1)
- Continental margins: convergent (1)
- Controlled source seismology (1)
- Coping strategies (1)
- Correlation (1)
- Cost-benefit analysis (1)
- Coupled fluid flow and heat transport (1)
- Course of Study (1)
- Crime mapping (1)
- Crisis Communication (1)
- Critical Discourse Analysis (1)
- Crop modelling (1)
- Crop water use (1)
- Crystal chemistry (1)
- Curvature (1)
- Czech Republic (1)
- DBR (1)
- DDR (1)
- DEA (1)
- DGVM (1)
- DNA metabarcoding (1)
- DRIFT spectroscopy (1)
- DTM comparison (1)
- DTM vertical accuracy (1)
- Dammbruchfluten (1)
- Dansgaard-Oeschger event (1)
- Danube (1)
- Data fusion (1)
- Database (1)
- Datamodell (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Datenmodell (1)
- Dauerfrostboden (1)
- Debris-covered glaciers (1)
- Decollement (1)
- Decolmation (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep crustal intraplate seismicity (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Deichbruch (1)
- Deichrückverlegung (1)
- Dekolmation (1)
- Delft-FLOW (1)
- Delta aquifer system (1)
- Demokratieförderung (1)
- Denitrifikation (1)
- Design-Based-Research (1)
- Deutscher Straßenverkehr (1)
- Dichte (1)
- Digital elevation models (1)
- Digital soil morphometrics (1)
- Digital terrain model (DTM) (1)
- Dimension reduction (1)
- Direct economic loss (1)
- Discourse analysis (1)
- Discrete choice experiment (1)
- Diskurs (1)
- Diskursanalyse (1)
- Diskurse (1)
- Distribution (1)
- Dobrudscha (1)
- Dokumentarische Methode (1)
- Dolomites (1)
- Domuyo geothermal field (1)
- Drop fall velocity (1)
- Drop size distribution (1)
- Drought (1)
- Duplex (1)
- Duration (1)
- Durchflussdynamik (1)
- Dynamik (1)
- Düngung (1)
- E-Learning (1)
- E-SAR (1)
- EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (1)
- EM38DD (1)
- ENSO (1)
- EROSION (1)
- EROSION 3D (1)
- EU (1)
- EU-Ostgrenze (1)
- EVENTS (1)
- Early-career scientists (1)
- Earthquake source observations (1)
- Earthquake swarm (1)
- Earthquakes (1)
- East Antarctica (1)
- Eco-efficiency (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ecosystem (1)
- Ecosystem dynamics (1)
- Ecosystem modelling (1)
- Ecosystem respiration (R-eco) (1)
- Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) (1)
- Edge effects (1)
- Eigenvorsorge (1)
- Einstellung (1)
- Einzugsgebietshydrologie Wasserqualitätsmodell (1)
- Elbe (1)
- Elbe River (1)
- Elbe-Havel-Gebiet (1)
- Electrical Potential (1)
- Electrical conductivity (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emergency response (1)
- Emissionen (1)
- Emissions (1)
- Emissionsszenarien (1)
- Empfehlungen (1)
- Empirical orthogonal functions (1)
- Endogenic carbonates (1)
- Energie- (1)
- Energiebilanz (1)
- Energy crops (1)
- Engineering Strong Motion database (1)
- Entlastungsspannung (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Environmental DNA (1)
- Environmental Psychology (1)
- Environmental gradients (1)
- Eocene monsoon (1)
- Epithermal Ag-Sn deposits (1)
- Equatorial ionosphere (1)
- Equivocality (1)
- Eratosthenes Seamount (1)
- Erdrutsch (1)
- Erdwärme (1)
- Ereignisdokumentation (1)
- Ernährungsmuster (1)
- Ernährungsumstellung (1)
- Ertragslücken (1)
- Ertragsänderung (1)
- Erweiterte Realität (1)
- Erziehung (1)
- European energy (1)
- European metropolitan regions (1)
- Europäische Energie (1)
- Europäische Metropolregionen (1)
- Eutrophierung (1)
- Evaluationsfunktion (1)
- Event documentation (1)
- Exkursion (1)
- Explorative (Data-) Analysis (1)
- Exposition (1)
- Extreme rainfall (1)
- FAO56 (1)
- FT-IR Spektroskopie (1)
- FT-IR spectroscopy (1)
- Fachkonzepte (1)
- Fag (1)
- Fagus syl (1)
- Familienpolitik (1)
- Fanidentität (1)
- Farmer's climate variability perception (1)
- Fault reactivation (1)
- Fault zone (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- Fermentation (1)
- Fernerkundungsdaten (1)
- Fernerkundungsprodukte (1)
- Fertilisation (1)
- Fertilizer (1)
- Feuerregime (1)
- Field experiments (1)
- Filamentous fungi (1)
- Filtering techniques (1)
- Finite elements (1)
- Flash flood (1)
- Flatfile (1)
- Fließwege (1)
- Flood Change (1)
- Flood Risk Big Data Mining (1)
- Flood defence measures (1)
- Flood hazards (1)
- Flood polders (1)
- Flood risk (1)
- Flooding (1)
- Flowpaths (1)
- Flugverkehr (1)
- Fluid inclusions (1)
- Fluids (1)
- Fluss-Seen (1)
- Flussaufteilung (1)
- Flusseinzugsgebietsmanagement (1)
- Flutgefährdung (1)
- Flutpolder (1)
- Flutschäden (1)
- Fluvial geomorphology (1)
- Fluvial processes (1)
- Fold and thrust belt (1)
- Fold growth (1)
- Food security (1)
- Forecast (1)
- Forecast verification (1)
- Forecasting techniques (1)
- Forest (1)
- Fourier amplitude spectrum (1)
- Fracture and flow (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Fragmentierung (1)
- Freiraumanalyse (1)
- Freshwater (1)
- Frühwarnung (1)
- Fully distributed nitrate modeling (1)
- Fungal foraging (1)
- Fungal highways (1)
- Fungal space searching algorithms (1)
- Fungus -plant covariation (1)
- Futtermittel (1)
- Futtermittel für Wiederkäuer (1)
- Future tense (1)
- Fußball (1)
- Fußgängernavigation (1)
- GDR (1)
- GHG emissions (1)
- GLOF (Gletscherseeausbruchsflut) (1)
- GMMs (1)
- GPM (1)
- GRACE (1)
- GRACE-FO (1)
- Gap Year (1)
- Gebirgshydrologie (1)
- Gefahr (1)
- Geflügelmist (1)
- Gefährdungskarten (1)
- Gelatine-Analogmodellierung (1)
- Gender equality (1)
- General subject “Information” (1)
- Geodaten (1)
- Geoeletrical imaging (1)
- Geografieunterricht (1)
- Geographiedidaktik (1)
- Geoinformation Science (1)
- Geological heterogeneity (1)
- Geologische Heterogenität (1)
- Geomagnetic secular variation (1)
- Geomechanics (1)
- Geomorphogenese (1)
- Geomorphology (1)
- Geomorphometry (1)
- Geoprofile (1)
- Geostatistics (1)
- Geothermal Energy (1)
- Geovisual Analytics (1)
- Geovisualisierung (1)
- Geovisualization (1)
- Geoökologie (1)
- German border region neighbouring with Poland (1)
- German-Russians (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gewässergüte (1)
- Glacier lake outbursts (1)
- Glacier surges (1)
- Gletscher (1)
- Gletscherschmelze (1)
- Gletscherseeasubruch (1)
- Gletscherseen (1)
- Globaler Wandel (1)
- Globaler Wasserkreislauf (1)
- Globalisierung (1)
- Gouvernementalität (1)
- Governance (1)
- Grassroots initiatives (1)
- Grauliteratur (1)
- Gravity anomalies and Earth structure (1)
- Gravity modelling (1)
- Gravity models (1)
- Green Biorefinery (1)
- Greenhouse gas emissions (1)
- Greenland Ice Sheet (1)
- Grenzertragsstandorte (1)
- Grenzgebiet (1)
- Grenzraum (1)
- Gross primary (1)
- Ground motion prediction equation (1)
- Groundwater modelling (1)
- Groundwater recharge/water budget (1)
- Groundwater-model (1)
- Großwetterlage (1)
- Grundwasserdynamik (1)
- Grundwassermodellierung (1)
- Grundwasserneubildung (1)
- Grönländisches Eisschild (1)
- Grüne Infrastruktur (1)
- Guadalajara (1)
- Gullies (1)
- HBV-D (1)
- HEC-RAS (1)
- HRU customization (1)
- HRU fragmentation (1)
- HVSR (1)
- HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION (1)
- Habitat (1)
- Habitat preferences (1)
- Habitatmodelle (1)
- Habitatmodellierung (1)
- Habitatpräferenz (1)
- Handlungsempfehlungen (1)
- Hangskala (1)
- Hangstabilität (1)
- Haplic Acrisol (1)
- Hau Giang (1)
- Havel (1)
- Heat transport (1)
- Heinrich event 1 (1)
- Hellenic trench (1)
- Hess-Brezowsky Grosswetterlagen classification (1)
- Heterogene Einzugsgebietsreaktionen (1)
- Heterogeneous catchement responses (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- High Asia (1)
- High-frequency data (1)
- High-pressure synthesis (1)
- Himachal Pradesh (1)
- Himalaya-Gebirge (1)
- Himalayan foothills (1)
- Himalayan glacier meltwater (1)
- Himalayas (1)
- Hitzeaktionsplan (1)
- Hitzeanpassung (1)
- Hitzebelastung (1)
- Hitzewellen (1)
- Hochfrequenzdaten (1)
- Hochschulen (1)
- Hochwassergefahr (1)
- Hochwassergefahren (1)
- Hochwasserregime (1)
- Hochwasserrisikobewertung (1)
- Hochwasserrisikomanagement (1)
- Hochwasserversicherung (1)
- Hochwasserwirkungspfad (1)
- Holzdichte (1)
- Holzprodukte (1)
- Homelessness (1)
- Hotspot-Analyse (1)
- Human-Eco-System (1)
- Humangeographie (1)
- Hurricane Harvey (1)
- Hybridität (1)
- Hybridmodell (1)
- Hydrogeology (1)
- Hydrograph Analysis (1)
- Hydrogravimetry (1)
- Hydrolgische Modellierung (1)
- Hydrologic Modeling (1)
- Hydrological modeling (1)
- Hydrological modelling (1)
- Hydrophobie (1)
- Hydrothermal field (1)
- Hypermobilität (1)
- Häufigkeit (1)
- IBC-grass model (1)
- IPY (1)
- ITS marker (1)
- Ice volume (1)
- Iconic architectural project (1)
- Ikonisches Architekturprojekt (1)
- Imaging spectroscopy (1)
- Impact (1)
- Impact modelling (1)
- Improved calibration (1)
- In situ silicon isotope ratio analysis (1)
- In-flight (1)
- Inclined faults (1)
- Index (1)
- Indian diets (1)
- Indian summer monsoon (1)
- Indien (1)
- Individual based simulation model (1)
- Infilling (1)
- Informal and formal (1)
- Information Ethics (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Inkorporation (1)
- Inland salinization (1)
- Innovationsorte (1)
- Integration (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Interaktionen (1)
- Interference competition (1)
- Internally displaced persons (1)
- International Polar Year (1)
- Internationale Freiwilligendienste (1)
- Interpolation (1)
- Inuvialuit cultural features (1)
- Irrealis (1)
- Irregular sampling (1)
- Irrigation requirements (1)
- Isotopenzusammensetzung (1)
- Isotopes (1)
- Italy (1)
- Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc (1)
- Japan | landslides (1)
- Jhabua (1)
- Jurassic (1)
- KINETIC-ENERGY (1)
- Kalibrierung (1)
- Kalibrierung an mehreren Standorten (1)
- Karakoram (1)
- Karakorum (1)
- Karten im Hochwasserschutz (1)
- Kasachstan (1)
- Kaska (1)
- Katastrophenmanagement (1)
- Kazakhstan (1)
- Kerndichteschätzung (1)
- Ketzin (1)
- Kien Giang (1)
- Kinematic analysis (1)
- Kizilirmak River (1)
- Klassifizierung (1)
- Kleegras (1)
- Klima (1)
- Klimaauswirkung (1)
- Klimapolitische Integration (1)
- Klimaresilienz (1)
- Klimawandelanpassung (1)
- Knowledge Based Economy (1)
- Kohlenstoff (1)
- Kohlenstoffhaushalt (1)
- Kohlenstoffkreislauf (1)
- Kohlenstoffmodell (1)
- Komplexität (1)
- Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse (1)
- Kreative Stadt (1)
- Krisenkommunikation (1)
- Kritische Diskursanalyse (1)
- Kyoto (flexible) mechanisms (1)
- Kyoto Protocol (1)
- Kyoto-Protokoll (1)
- Küstenfluten (1)
- Küstenniederung (1)
- LANDSAT (1)
- LAWA (1)
- LC/MS (1)
- LCGA (1)
- LPJ (1)
- Lake Bolshoe Toko (1)
- Lake Malawi Basin (1)
- Lake level reconstruction (1)
- Lake number (1)
- Land cover disturbances (1)
- Land use change drivers (1)
- Land use management (1)
- Landnutzungsszenarien (1)
- Landnutzungswandel (1)
- Landsat (1)
- Landscape Metrics (1)
- Landscape features (1)
- Landscape planning (1)
- Landschaft (1)
- Landschaftsentwicklung (1)
- Landschaftsfragmentierung (1)
- Landschaftshaushalt (1)
- Landschaftsplanung (1)
- Landschaftszerschneidung (1)
- Landwirtschaftlicher Böden (1)
- Laramide orogeny (1)
- Larix (1)
- Larix cajanderi (1)
- Larix gmelinii (1)
- Lascar Volcano (1)
- Laser return intensity (1)
- Late Quaternary (1)
- Lebensmittelnachfrage (1)
- Lehrbuch (1)
- Leitbild (1)
- Li isotope fractionation (1)
- Lidar (1)
- Limnologie (Seenkunde) (1)
- Linear mixed effect model (1)
- Linear regression (1)
- Linear trends (1)
- Litauen (1)
- Lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (1)
- Lithuania (1)
- Lonar Lake (1)
- Loss (1)
- Loss modeling (1)
- Low carbon economy (1)
- Luftqualitätsmodellen (1)
- Lusatian tertiary sand (1)
- Luzerne (1)
- Ländlicher Raum (1)
- MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEXES (1)
- MIS (1)
- MIXTURE (1)
- MNDWI (1)
- MODIS Schneebedeckung (1)
- MODIS snow cover (1)
- MaaS (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Madden-Julian oscillation (1)
- Madhya Pradesh (1)
- Maghreb (1)
- Magnetic field (1)
- Magnetotellurics (1)
- Magnitude (1)
- Malawi (1)
- Mali (1)
- Management (1)
- Maori (1)
- Mapping (1)
- Marine isotope stage 3 (1)
- Mars (1)
- Mars Express (1)
- Maschinelles Lernen (1)
- Massenbewegung (1)
- Mathematisches Modell (1)
- Maßnahmenwirkungen (1)
- Media Spree (1)
- Mediaspree (1)
- Medien (1)
- Medienbildung (1)
- Mediterranean catchments (1)
- Megacity (1)
- Mehrebenenmodelle (1)
- Mergel (1)
- Messmethoden (1)
- Metabarcoding (1)
- Metadata (1)
- Meteorological Event Analysis (1)
- Meteorologische Ereignisanalyse (1)
- Methane oxidation (1)
- Methylobacter (1)
- Metropolitan Region (1)
- Metropolregion (1)
- Mexiko (1)
- Micro-XRF (1)
- Microbial community (1)
- Microbial ecology (1)
- Microplastic (1)
- Microstructural deformation mechanisms (1)
- Migrationsdiskurs (1)
- Mikroregenradar (1)
- Milchsäure (1)
- Mistausbringung (1)
- Mobil (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Model Comparison (1)
- Model spin-up (1)
- Model-Daten Integration (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modell Diagnose (1)
- Modelle (1)
- Modellierung von Landnutzungsänderung (1)
- Modellkalibrierung (1)
- Modellkomplexität (1)
- Modellsensitivität (1)
- Modellstadt (1)
- Modellvergleich (1)
- Models (1)
- Modular organisms (1)
- Mongolei; Uvs-Nuur-Becken (1)
- Moral hazard (1)
- Moroccans (1)
- Morphologie (1)
- Mortalität (1)
- Mortalitäts-Minimal-Temperatur (1)
- Multi-proxy approach (1)
- Multi-site stochastic weather (1)
- Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) (1)
- Multiplikatives Kaskadenmodel (1)
- Multispectral point cloud (1)
- Multivariate statistics (1)
- Munsiari thrust (1)
- NERICA (1)
- NLP (1)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit im ländlichen Raum (1)
- Nachhaltigkeitstransformation (1)
- Nahrungsmittelselbstversorgung (1)
- Nahrungsmittelsicherheit (1)
- Nationale Minderheiten (1)
- Natural Regions (1)
- Natural hazards (1)
- Naturräume (1)
- Naturschutz (1)
- Naturschutzaspekte (1)
- Navigation (1)
- Neoliberale Natur (1)
- Neoliberalismus (1)
- Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) (1)
- Netzwerkanalyse (1)
- Neue Medien (1)
- Neuseeland (1)
- Neutron imaging (1)
- Neutronen aus kosmischer Höhenstrahlung (1)
- New Cultural Geography (1)
- New Zealand (1)
- Niederschlag-Abfluss-Modellierung (1)
- Niederschlagsintensitäten (1)
- Niederschlagsinterpolation (1)
- Niederschlagsradar (1)
- Niederschlagsversickerung (1)
- Nitrat (1)
- Nitratdynamik (1)
- Nitrogen dioxide (1)
- Noble gas (1)
- Non-destructive analysis (1)
- Non-fluent aphasia (1)
- Non-linear Geoscience (1)
- Non-stationary Flood Risk (1)
- Nordafrika (1)
- Nordostbrasilien (1)
- North Anatolian Fault (1)
- North Anatolian Fault Zone (1)
- Northeast German Basin (1)
- Northern Minnesota (1)
- Nowcasting (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Nährstoffbilanz (1)
- Nährstoffkeislauf (1)
- OBIA (1)
- ODD protocol (1)
- OLS ranking (1)
- OSL dating (1)
- Obdachlosigkeit (1)
- Oberflächenabfluss (1)
- Oberflächensediment (1)
- Oberflächenwasser (1)
- Oberflächenwasser-Grundwasser Interaktion (1)
- Objektidentifikation (1)
- Observed and simulated ground motions (1)
- Obstkultur (1)
- Offenland (1)
- Office du Niger (1)
- Open Science (1)
- Open-Air-Veranstaltungen (1)
- OpenStreetMap (1)
- Operationalisation (1)
- Optical distrometer (1)
- Optischer Fluss (1)
- Organisationslernen (1)
- Orogenic wedge (1)
- Ortsbindung (1)
- Ortssemantik (1)
- Oscillations (1)
- Ostracoda (1)
- Outreach (1)
- Overland flow (1)
- Oxygen Transport (1)
- Ozon (1)
- PADILIH (1)
- PM10 (1)
- PPGIS (1)
- PYRN (1)
- Palaeoclimatology (1)
- Paleoecology (1)
- Paleogeography (1)
- Paratethys sea (1)
- Participatory mapping (1)
- Patagonia (1)
- Patagonian Andes (1)
- Patimban Seaport (1)
- Payment vehicle (1)
- Peatlands (1)
- Permafrost (1)
- Permafrost Young Researchers Network (1)
- Permafrost thaw (1)
- Permian (1)
- Personal Data (1)
- Petrography (1)
- Pettitt test (1)
- Pfefferfließ (1)
- Pflanzenwachstumsmodellierung (1)
- Phasenraum des Time Delay Embedding (1)
- Phenology (1)
- Philippinen (1)
- Phosphor Bilanz (1)
- Phosphorus (1)
- Physiologie-basierte Modelle (1)
- Phytoliths (1)
- Phänologie (1)
- Pilotmaßnahmen (1)
- Pinus sylvestris (1)
- Pirquitas (1)
- Pixel level (1)
- Planetare Geologie (1)
- Planetary Geology (1)
- Plant available Si (1)
- Planungsstrategien (1)
- Plio-quaternary tectonic evolution (1)
- Pliocene (1)
- Point cloud segmentation (1)
- Polder (1)
- Policies (1)
- Policy (1)
- Politik (1)
- Politische Ökologie (1)
- Pollen (1)
- Polygons (1)
- Polykontexturalität (1)
- Pontides (1)
- Poorly gauged catchment (1)
- Pore-fluid conductivity (1)
- Pore-water hydrochemistry (1)
- Post-Transformation (1)
- Post-socialist transformation (1)
- Post-transformation (1)
- PostGIS (1)
- Postmasburg manganese field (1)
- Postsozialistische Transformation (1)
- Pothole (1)
- Potsdam (1)
- Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Poverty alleviation (1)
- Practice (1)
- Pre-whitening (1)
- Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB) (1)
- Predictive model (1)
- Preferential flow (1)
- Preprocessing (1)
- Presskuchen (1)
- Presssaft (1)
- Pressure-temperature and strain rate-dependent mechanical behaviour (1)
- Principal components analysis (1)
- Private businesses (1)
- Privathaushalte (1)
- Privatsphäre (1)
- Process Modelling (1)
- Process identification (1)
- Projektion (1)
- Provenance (1)
- Prozessgeschehen (1)
- Prozesskette (1)
- Prut (1)
- Public perception (1)
- Public sector (1)
- Pyrenees (1)
- Pyrenäen (1)
- QAToCA (1)
- Qualitätsbewertung (1)
- Quaternary (1)
- Quercus (1)
- R Shiny (1)
- RUnUP (1)
- Radardaten (1)
- Radarinterferometrie mit synthetischer Apertur (1)
- Rainfall generation (1)
- Rainfall kinetic energy (1)
- Rainfall occurrence (1)
- Rainfall-runoff (1)
- Rainfall-runoff response (1)
- Randeffekte (1)
- Random forest modelling (1)
- Random forests (1)
- Random vibration theory (1)
- Rare and Unseasonal Flood (1)
- Raumbilder (1)
- Raumplanung (1)
- Reaktiver Stofftransport (1)
- Realis (1)
- Recharge elevation (1)
- Rechtsextremismus (1)
- Rechtspopulismus (1)
- Record of multiple impacts (1)
- Recovery (1)
- Recurrence Plots (1)
- Reflection seismics (1)
- Reflectivity method (1)
- Regenerierung (1)
- Regenwald (1)
- Region (1)
- Regionalgeographie (1)
- Regionalisierung (1)
- Rekonstruktive Sozialforschung (1)
- Rekurrenzplot (1)
- Religion (1)
- Remote sensing analysis (1)
- Repellent sandy soil (1)
- Republic of Moldova (1)
- Resampling methods (1)
- Resampling weather generator (1)
- Reservoir control (1)
- Reservoir sedimentation (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Response Spectrum (1)
- Restaurierung von Flüssen (1)
- Retrogressive thaw slump (1)
- Rhein (1)
- Rice yield (1)
- Risikoanalyse (1)
- Risikokommunikation (1)
- Risikomanagement (1)
- Risikoverhalten (1)
- Risikowahrnehmung (1)
- Risk Behaviour (1)
- Risk governance (1)
- Risk reduction partnerships (1)
- River course deflection (1)
- River delta (1)
- Rivers (1)
- Rofental (1)
- Romania (1)
- Rossby waves (1)
- Rossmanite (1)
- Rotational fault (1)
- Runoff (1)
- Runoff and streamflow (1)
- Runoff forecast (1)
- Russian Federation (1)
- Russlanddeutsche (1)
- Russländische Föderation (1)
- Räumlich verteilte Nitratmodellierung (1)
- Räumliche und zeitliche Nitratvariabilität (1)
- SDG (1)
- SDG indicator databases (1)
- SDG networks; (1)
- SEM-EDX (1)
- SIMS (1)
- SIR-C/X-SAR (1)
- SOILWATER END-MEMBERS (1)
- SREF (1)
- SRTM (1)
- STREAMWATER CHEMISTRY (1)
- SWAP (1)
- SWAT (1)
- Sadler effect (1)
- Saint Petersburg (1)
- Saisonalität (1)
- Salinity (1)
- Salzfrachtsteuerung (1)
- Sandy facies of Opalinus Clay (1)
- Sankt Petersburg (1)
- Santiago de Chile (1)
- Sap Flow (1)
- Satellitenbilder (1)
- Saturated hydraulic conductivity (1)
- Scale dependency (1)
- Scaling (1)
- Scenarios (1)
- Schadenabschätzung (1)
- Schadenmodell (1)
- Schadensabschätzung (1)
- Schiefergas (1)
- Schmelzwasser (1)
- Schmidt stability (1)
- Schnee (1)
- Schneeroutine (1)
- Schneeschmelze (1)
- Schrumpfung der Bevölkerung (1)
- Schulbuchanalyse (1)
- Schutzgebiete (1)
- Schwerefeld (1)
- Schätzung finanzieller Schäden (1)
- Science and Technology Studies (1)
- Science communication (1)
- Scientific understanding of Information (1)
- Seawater intrusion (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sediment connectivity (1)
- Sediment core (1)
- Sediment reuse (1)
- Sediment yield (1)
- Sedimentary ancient DNA (1)
- Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) (1)
- Sedimentdynamik (1)
- Sedimentfallen (1)
- Sedimentgeochemie (1)
- Sedimenttransport (1)
- Sedimenttransportroutine (1)
- Seentherapie (1)
- Seismicity and tectonics (1)
- Seismicity modelling (1)
- Selbstorganisation (1)
- Self-targeting (1)
- Semantic labeling (1)
- Semi-arid (1)
- Sensor fusion (1)
- Shale gas (1)
- Shape and size (1)
- Sharpening (1)
- Shire River Basin (1)
- Short Report (1)
- Siedlungsfläche (1)
- Sierra nevada (1)
- Silicon cycling (1)
- Silicon exports (1)
- Simulation, Größe (1)
- Site response (1)
- Siwaliks (1)
- Skalenabhängigkeit (1)
- Slab break-off (1)
- Slime molds (1)
- Small catchments (1)
- Smart City (1)
- Soc Trang (1)
- Societal impacts (1)
- Socio-ecological system (1)
- Socio-economic factors (1)
- Soil erosion modelling (1)
- Soil fertility (1)
- Soil function (1)
- Soil organic carbon (1)
- Soil salinity dynamics (1)
- Soil solution (1)
- Soil water (1)
- Soil-moisture (1)
- Solar cycle (1)
- Solar insolation (1)
- South America (1)
- South American monsoon system (1)
- South-Eastern (1)
- Southem Andes (1)
- Southern Europe (1)
- Soziales Netzwerk (1)
- Sozialgeographie (1)
- Sozialismus (1)
- Soziohydrologie (1)
- Sozioökonomie (1)
- Spanien (1)
- Spatial and temporal nitrate variability (1)
- SpatioTemporal Sensor Data (1)
- Species coexistence (1)
- Species distribution modelling (1)
- Speleothems (1)
- Spielanalysen (1)
- Stabilität (1)
- Stable isotopes (1)
- Stadtführungen (1)
- Stadtmodell (1)
- Stadtranking (1)
- Stakeholder involvement (1)
- Stalagmites (1)
- Standorteigenschaften (1)
- Statistical techniques (1)
- Staubemission (1)
- Staudämme (1)
- Staufen im Breisgau (1)
- Steppe (1)
- Stickstoffdynamik in Fliessgewässern (1)
- Stigmatisierung (1)
- Stochastic hydrogeology (1)
- Stoffdeposition (1)
- Stofftransport (1)
- Strakregen (1)
- Strategic Planning (1)
- Strategische Planung (1)
- Straw incorporation (1)
- Strong motion records (1)
- Strukturanalyse (1)
- Strukturgleichungsmodell (1)
- Strömungsneigung (1)
- Studienprojekt (1)
- Sturmhochwasser (1)
- Städtebauförderung (1)
- Subduction zone (1)
- Subduction zone processes (1)
- Support vector (1)
- Support vector machine (1)
- Surface roughness (1)
- Surface uplift (1)
- Survey of affected residents (1)
- Sustainability transitions (1)
- Sustainable crop production (1)
- Sustainable lifestyles (1)
- Sustainable urban development (1)
- Swiss Alps (1)
- Synoptic weather types (1)
- Synthese (1)
- Szenarienbildung (1)
- TRACERS (1)
- TRMM (1)
- Taphonomy (1)
- Targeted public distribution system (1)
- Tarim Basin (1)
- Tectonic (1)
- Tectonic boundaries (1)
- Tectonics (1)
- Terrestrial biogeosystems (1)
- Terrestrische Ökologie (1)
- The Philippines (1)
- Thermoerosion (1)
- Thermokarst (1)
- Tian Shan (1)
- Tiefland (1)
- Tile drains (1)
- Time Embedded Phase Space (1)
- Time reference (1)
- Time scale dependence (1)
- Time series analysis (1)
- Time-series analysis (1)
- Tisza (1)
- Tolerantes Brandenburg (1)
- Topographic Position Index (1)
- Topographie (1)
- Topography-controlled glacier (1)
- Tourmaline (1)
- Township Tourismus (1)
- Traditional drainage systems (1)
- Transdisziplinarität (1)
- Transferablity (1)
- Transport sector (1)
- Tree Metabolism (1)
- Tree Stems (1)
- Treibhausgase (1)
- Treibhausgasminderung (1)
- Trend analysis (1)
- Trendattributierung (1)
- Trendwendepunkte (1)
- Triassic (1)
- Triassic limestone (1)
- Triaxial deformation experiments (1)
- Triggering mechanisms (1)
- Trockengebiet (1)
- Tropen (1)
- Trophie (1)
- Truppenübungsplatz (1)
- Tschechische Republik (1)
- Turbulenz Korrelations-Messung (1)
- Turdus sp. (1)
- Türkei (1)
- U-Th series (1)
- UCInet (1)
- UNISDR (1)
- UNITED-STATES (1)
- UV-detection (1)
- Uferfiltration (1)
- Ukraine (1)
- Umweltaspekte (1)
- Umweltpsychologie (1)
- Umwelttracer (1)
- Ungewissheit (1)
- Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) (1)
- Unmixing (1)
- Unsaturated zone (1)
- Unsicherheitsanalyse (1)
- Untere Mittelschicht (1)
- Upper Cambrian (1)
- Urban (1)
- Urban Flooding (1)
- Urban areas (1)
- Urban climate policy (1)
- Urban development (1)
- Urban metabolism (1)
- Urban planning (1)
- Urbanität (1)
- Uvs Nuur Basin (1)
- VIIRS DNB (1)
- VIS-NIR spectroscopy (1)
- Variabilität (1)
- Variationen terrestrischer Wasserspeicher (1)
- Vegetation change (1)
- Vegetation greening (1)
- Vegetationsdynamik (1)
- Vegetationsmodell (1)
- Verhalten (1)
- Verhaltensbeobachtung (1)
- Verification (1)
- Verkehrspolitik (1)
- Vernetzung (1)
- Versalzung (1)
- Verschlagwortung (1)
- Versiegelung (1)
- Versuchsanbau (1)
- Vertical Gravity Gradients (1)
- Vienna (1)
- Vietnam (1)
- Vietnamese Mekong Delta (1)
- Visaginas (1)
- Visualisierungsmodell (1)
- Vogtland (1)
- Volcanic activity (1)
- Volcanic aquifer (1)
- Volcanic ash soils (1)
- Volunteer Tourism (1)
- Volunteering (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vulkan Lascar (1)
- Vulkan-Überwachung (1)
- Vulkanasche (1)
- Vulnerability (1)
- Vulnerable communities (1)
- WASA (1)
- WASA-SED (1)
- WOFOST (1)
- Wahlen (1)
- Wahlmuster (1)
- Wahlverhalten (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Waldbrand (1)
- Waldbrandmodellierung (1)
- Waldwachstumsmodell 4C (1)
- Waldwachstumsmodellierung (1)
- Wandel (1)
- Wanderung (1)
- Warnung (1)
- Wasser- und Stoffhaushalt (1)
- Wasserbilanz (1)
- Wassergüte (1)
- Wassergütesimulation (1)
- Wassermassenvariationen (1)
- Wasserressourcen (1)
- Wasserstoffwirtschaft (1)
- Wasserverfügbarkeit (1)
- Wasserversorgung (1)
- Water (1)
- Water footprint (1)
- Water repellency (1)
- Water resource management (1)
- Water use change (1)
- Wave resonance (1)
- Weather radar (1)
- Weather-service (1)
- Weathering (1)
- Weichseleiszeit (1)
- Wertschöpfung (1)
- West Bohemia (1)
- Wetterradar (1)
- Wien (1)
- Wind erosion (1)
- Wind tunnel (1)
- Winderosion (1)
- Wissensgesellschaft (1)
- Wissenstransfer (1)
- Witterung (1)
- Wohlstand (1)
- X site occupancy (1)
- XRF analysis (1)
- XRF scanning (1)
- XRF spectroscopy (1)
- XRF-Analyse (1)
- Xylem (1)
- Yellow-River (1)
- Younger Dryas (1)
- Zambia (1)
- Zechstein salt (1)
- Zeit GIS (1)
- Zeitreihenuntersuchung (1)
- Zellulärer Automat (1)
- Ziltendorfer Niederung (1)
- Zirkulationsregime (1)
- Zukunft (1)
- Zukunftsforschung (1)
- Zustandserfassung (1)
- aboveground biomass (1)
- acceptance (1)
- acclimatisation (1)
- accompanying research (1)
- action recommendations (1)
- active stress (1)
- adapatation measures (1)
- adaptation behavior (1)
- adsorption (1)
- advances (1)
- aerobic and anaerobic conditions (1)
- aerosol (1)
- afecto (1)
- affect (1)
- ageing of population (1)
- aggradation and incision cycles (1)
- aggregate stability (1)
- aggregation (1)
- agricultural (1)
- agricultural modelling (1)
- agricultural production systems (1)
- agroecosystem (1)
- agronomic factors (1)
- air pollution (1)
- airborne bacteria (1)
- allometry (1)
- alternative economies (1)
- ambiente (1)
- andosols (1)
- antibiotic resistance (1)
- apatite (U-Th)/He (1)
- apatite fission track (1)
- aquifers system (1)
- arc basement (1)
- ardification (1)
- arid rangeland (1)
- aridification (1)
- arktisches Meereis (1)
- artificial light at night (1)
- aseismic (1)
- assessment (1)
- assessments (1)
- assimilatorische Aufnahme (1)
- assimilatory uptake (1)
- atmosphärische Erwärmung (1)
- atmosphère (1)
- attenuation coefficient (1)
- attitude (1)
- attribution (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- authigenic clay (1)
- automation (1)
- automotive electronics (1)
- average treatment effect (1)
- aviation (1)
- bacterial growth (1)
- basin (1)
- beach sediments (1)
- bed erosion (1)
- beetles (1)
- behaviour (1)
- berufliche Bildung (1)
- bilingual geography teaching (1)
- bilingual teaching (1)
- bilingualer Geographieunterricht (1)
- bilingualer Unterricht (1)
- bioclimatic niche (1)
- biodiversity and ecosystem services (1)
- bioenergy (1)
- biomass flows (1)
- biosilicification (1)
- biotope (1)
- bivalves (1)
- border area (1)
- border of the EU (1)
- boron-10 (1)
- bromeliads (1)
- brown rot (1)
- build up (1)
- burnt phytoliths; (1)
- caldera-like topography (1)
- canyon (1)
- capillarity (1)
- capillary electrophoresis (1)
- capital (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon cycle (1)
- carbonate ramp (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- casca (1)
- catchment area (1)
- catchment hydrology Water quality model (1)
- cellular automata (1)
- change (1)
- change agents (1)
- change detection (1)
- chronosequence study (1)
- circulation patterns (1)
- circulation regimes (1)
- circumferential dike (1)
- citizenship education (1)
- clay neoformation (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate change impacts in the tropics (1)
- climate change mitigation (1)
- climate change scenarios (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate resilience (1)
- cloud cover (1)
- cluster analy (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- co-design (1)
- coastal cities (1)
- coastal flooding (1)
- coastal lowland (1)
- coastal urbanization (1)
- cocreated knowledge (1)
- cold content (1)
- cold neutrons (1)
- cold surges (1)
- colluvium depth modelling (1)
- combined time series (1)
- commercial sector (1)
- community cytometry (1)
- comparative urban studies (1)
- compensation effects (1)
- compilation (1)
- complex systems (1)
- complexity (1)
- compound events (1)
- condominios (1)
- cone sheet (1)
- conjugate fractures (1)
- conservation (1)
- content analysis (1)
- continental earthquakes (1)
- convection (1)
- copper immobilization (1)
- corporalité (1)
- corporeality (1)
- corporeidad (1)
- cosmic ray neutrons (1)
- cost-benefit-analysis (1)
- coupled model (1)
- creative city (1)
- creative economy (1)
- creative field (1)
- crop growth (1)
- crop yield (1)
- crop yield failure (1)
- cross recurrence plot in hydrology (1)
- cross-border activities (1)
- cross-scale analysis (1)
- curves (1)
- cyclicity (1)
- daily-discharge time (1)
- damage modeling (1)
- data analysis (1)
- data scarcity (1)
- database (1)
- databases (1)
- debris flows (1)
- decline in population and consequences (1)
- decomposition (1)
- deep (1)
- deep neural networks (1)
- deep-seated landslide (1)
- deforestation (1)
- degradation (1)
- democracy-building (1)
- demografischer Wandel in Deutschland (1)
- demographic change in Germany (1)
- denitrification (1)
- density (1)
- depth-damage functions (1)
- desert (1)
- detection (1)
- detector (1)
- detecção de nêutrons de raios cósmicos (1)
- deutsche Grenzregion zu Polen (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- development pathways (1)
- development process (1)
- diet shifts (1)
- dietary changes (1)
- different soluble fractions (1)
- differential equation (1)
- diffusion (1)
- digital education (1)
- digital terrain models (1)
- digitale Bildung (1)
- dike breach (1)
- dike relocation (1)
- disaggregation (1)
- disaster management (1)
- discharge (1)
- discourse (1)
- discourses (1)
- dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (1)
- dissolved organic matter (1)
- documentary method (1)
- drainage-based land use (1)
- driver (1)
- drought impacts (1)
- drought risk (1)
- drying-induced micro cracks (1)
- dryland catchments (1)
- dust (1)
- dust composition (1)
- dust emission (1)
- dust plumes (1)
- dynamic global vegetation model (1)
- dynamic population models (1)
- dynamic spatial phenomena (1)
- dynamic steady state (1)
- dynamische Populationsmodelle (1)
- dynamischer Raumphänomene (1)
- e-learning (1)
- early warning (1)
- earthquake-induced landslides (1)
- eco-hydrological modelling (1)
- eco-hydrology (1)
- ecohydrology (1)
- ecology (1)
- economic impacts (1)
- ecosystem-based (1)
- eddy covariance (1)
- edge effect (1)
- edge effects (1)
- education for sustainable development (1)
- effects of measures (1)
- effektive Maschenweite (1)
- efficient method (1)
- elections (1)
- electoral patterns (1)
- electrical conductivity (1)
- electrical resistivity tomography (1)
- electromagnetic induction (1)
- elevation dependency (1)
- elevation-dependency (1)
- embodied emissions (1)
- emission intensity (1)
- emissions (1)
- emoción (1)
- emotion (1)
- energy efficiency (1)
- entrepreneurial city (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental aspects (1)
- environmental impact assessment (1)
- environmental monitoring (1)
- environmental tracer (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epiphytes (1)
- equation (1)
- estadio (1)
- event documentation (1)
- event recurrence predictability (1)
- everyday life (1)
- evolution (1)
- excess carbon (1)
- expected annual damage (1)
- expected annual damages (1)
- experimentelle Arbeitsformen (1)
- exposure (1)
- extraction methods (1)
- extreme discharge (1)
- extreme-value statistics (1)
- facies heterogeneity (1)
- family policy (1)
- fan identity (1)
- fashion design (1)
- fault creep (1)
- fault slip (1)
- fecal contamination (1)
- fenomenología (1)
- fermentation experiments (1)
- fertilization (1)
- field trials (1)
- field trip (1)
- field-scale (1)
- filtration (1)
- financial loss (1)
- finanzielle Schäden (1)
- fire modelling (1)
- fire regimes (1)
- fish (1)
- flood damage (1)
- flood insurance (1)
- flood loss (1)
- flood loss modelling (1)
- flood pathway (1)
- flood regime (1)
- flood response (1)
- flood risk assessment (1)
- floodplain sedimentation (1)
- flow discharge (1)
- flowpath (1)
- fluctuations (1)
- fluid injection (1)
- fluid pressurization (1)
- fluorescence microscopy (1)
- fluorescent dyes (1)
- fluvial flooding (1)
- fluvial incision (1)
- flux partitioning (1)
- fodder legumes (1)
- food demand (1)
- food security (1)
- food self-sufficiency (1)
- forced migrants (1)
- foreland basin (1)
- forest age-structure (1)
- forest fires (1)
- forest growth model 4C (1)
- forest growth modelling (1)
- forest hydrology (1)
- forest model (1)
- forest stand characteristics (1)
- fossil placer (1)
- fractal geometry (1)
- fragmentation (1)
- frames (1)
- fruit crops (1)
- function of evaluation (1)
- functional traits (1)
- future (1)
- fäkale Kontamination (1)
- fútbol (1)
- gap-filling (1)
- gare (1)
- gated communities (1)
- gelatin analogue modeling (1)
- gender gap (1)
- generalised additive models (GAMs) (1)
- generator (1)
- genetic algorithm (1)
- geochemistry (1)
- geodynamic modeling (1)
- geoecology (1)
- geographic border space research (1)
- geographical key concepts (1)
- geographische Grenzraumforschung (1)
- geography lessons (1)
- geohazards (1)
- geoinfomation science (1)
- geoinformatics (1)
- geological processes (1)
- geologische Prozesse (1)
- geomicrobial activity (1)
- geosience (1)
- geovirtual environments (1)
- geovirtuelle Umgebungen (1)
- geovisualisation (1)
- geovisuelle Analyse (1)
- gewerblicher Sektor (1)
- glacial / interglacial transition (1)
- glacial lakes (1)
- glacial refugia (1)
- glacier melt (1)
- glaciers (1)
- global (1)
- global environmental change (1)
- global flood model (1)
- global hydrological modeling (1)
- global runoff database (1)
- global sensitivity analysis (1)
- global warming (1)
- global warming potential (1)
- global water cycle (1)
- globale hydrologische Modellierung (1)
- globalization (1)
- glucosinolates (1)
- governance (1)
- grain size (1)
- gravity (1)
- grazing pressure (1)
- green deal (1)
- green infrastructure (1)
- greenhouse gas fluxes (1)
- greening (1)
- grey literature (1)
- gross primary production (1)
- ground response analysis (1)
- ground water (1)
- groundwater level variation (1)
- groundwater modeling (1)
- groundwater modelling (1)
- groundwater recharge (1)
- growth efficiency (1)
- großskalige Zirkulation (1)
- guided tours (1)
- gydrological modelling (1)
- habitat (1)
- halbstrukturiertes Interview (1)
- hazard maps (1)
- headward erosion (1)
- headwater catchments (1)
- heat action plan (1)
- heat diffusion (1)
- heat transport (1)
- heat waves (1)
- heavy minerals (1)
- heavy rain (1)
- heavy rainfall (1)
- helium-3 alternative (1)
- herbivory (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- high-frequency monitoring (1)
- high-order streams and rivers (1)
- high-rate GPS (1)
- hill slope scale (1)
- historical cross-section (1)
- historical maps (1)
- historischer Querschnitt (1)
- historisches Kartenmaterial (1)
- homogeneous (1)
- horsetail splays (1)
- housing careers (1)
- how-to guide (1)
- human activities (1)
- hummocky ground moraine (1)
- hybrid model (1)
- hydraulic models (1)
- hydraulische Bodeneigenschaften (1)
- hydro-meteorological (1)
- hydrodynamische Modellierung (1)
- hydrodynamische Simulation (1)
- hydrogeology (1)
- hydrogeomorphological modelling (1)
- hydrograph similarity (1)
- hydrological (1)
- hydrological change (1)
- hydrological model (1)
- hydrological modelling (1)
- hydrophobic effects (1)
- hydrophobicity (1)
- hydropower dam impact (1)
- hydropower generation (1)
- hydrothermal (1)
- hypermobility (1)
- hypermobilité (1)
- hyporheic zone (1)
- hyporheische Zone (1)
- ice-albedo feedback (1)
- ice-flow modeling (1)
- ice-shelf grounding (1)
- ice-shelf thickness (1)
- ideology (1)
- immigration (1)
- improvements (1)
- in situ upgrading (1)
- in-stream nitrogen dynamics (1)
- indicator-based analysis (1)
- individual recovery (1)
- induced seismicity (1)
- informal settlements (1)
- informelle Siedlungen (1)
- infrastructural mega projects (1)
- infrastructure (1)
- inkorporation (1)
- inorganic ions (1)
- insect decline (1)
- insect diversity (1)
- instruction booklet (1)
- integrated hydrolocal modelling (1)
- integrated modelling (1)
- inter- and transdisciplinarity (1)
- interaction (1)
- interactive web app (1)
- interception (1)
- intervention program (1)
- intrinsic motivation (1)
- inuosity (1)
- inverse modelling (1)
- inverse thermal modelling (1)
- iron (1)
- isotopic composition (1)
- karst (1)
- kettle holes (1)
- keywording (1)
- kinematic inversion (1)
- knowledge integration (1)
- knowledge transfer (1)
- kombinierte Zeitreihen (1)
- komplexe Systeme (1)
- kontinuierliche Simulation (1)
- kurzfristige Dauerstufe (1)
- kyoto protocol (1)
- lactic acid production (1)
- lacustrine sediment (1)
- lake restoration (1)
- lake sediments (1)
- lake water balance (1)
- land and water footprint (1)
- land tenure (1)
- land use conflicts (1)
- land-use change (1)
- land-use scenario (1)
- landscape (1)
- landscape analysis (1)
- landscape balance (1)
- landscape dissection (1)
- landscape fragmentation (1)
- landscape metrics (1)
- landscape modelling (1)
- landscape planning (1)
- landsch (1)
- landslide (1)
- landslide dam breach (1)
- landslide detection (1)
- landslide hydrology (1)
- landuse change (1)
- landwirtschaftlich (1)
- larch (1)
- large scale (1)
- large-scale circulation (1)
- large-scale flood hazard models (1)
- laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (1)
- last glacial (1)
- lateral hydrological connectivity (1)
- latitudinal gradient (1)
- leaf area (1)
- leaf area index (1)
- learning (1)
- learning organization (1)
- legume-grass mixture (1)
- lidar (1)
- light pollution (1)
- lignin content (1)
- limnische Sedimente (Seesedimente) (1)
- limnology (1)
- linear discriminant analysis (1)
- linear regression (1)
- lithosphere (1)
- livestock feed (1)
- living labs (1)
- local and regional factors (1)
- logging (1)
- loss modeling (1)
- loss modelling (1)
- loss models (1)
- low-cost sensor (1)
- lowland coasts (1)
- luftgetragene Bakterien (1)
- ländliche Entwicklung (1)
- ländlicher Raum (1)
- mHM-Nitrat-Modell (1)
- mHM-Nitrate model (1)
- macroinvertebrates (1)
- macrophytes (1)
- magma chamber (1)
- magmatic sill (1)
- magnitude (1)
- maize (1)
- manganese ore (1)
- manure application (1)
- maps in flood control (1)
- marginal revenue sites (1)
- marls (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- mass extinction (1)
- matching methods (1)
- material balance (1)
- matter (1)
- measurements (1)
- media (1)
- media education (1)
- megathrust earthquakes (1)
- meltwater (1)
- meltwater lakes (1)
- mesoscale convective systems (1)
- metabolite profiling (1)
- metacommunity assembly (1)
- meteorites, meteors, meteoroids (1)
- meteorological droughts (1)
- meteorologische Dürren (1)
- methane oxidation (1)
- methanotroph (1)
- metrics (1)
- micro (1)
- micro rain radar (1)
- microbial carbon (1)
- microbial communities (1)
- microbial ecology (1)
- microbialites (1)
- migration (1)
- migration discourse (1)
- mikrobielle Gemeinschaften (1)
- military plains (1)
- minimum mortality temperature (1)
- mixed cropping (1)
- mobile (1)
- mobile survey (1)
- mobility (1)
- model calibration (1)
- model city (1)
- model complexity (1)
- model coupling (1)
- model diagnostics (1)
- model intercomparison (1)
- model-data integration (1)
- modelling algorithms (1)
- modelling of land-use changes (1)
- monitoring (1)
- monitoring of anthropogenic activities (1)
- monitoring strategies (1)
- monosaccharides (1)
- monsoons (1)
- moraine soil landscape (1)
- morphological traits (1)
- morphology (1)
- mortality (1)
- mountain climate (1)
- mountain erosion (1)
- mountain hydrology (1)
- multi-sector risk (1)
- multi-site calibration (1)
- multilevel modelling (1)
- multiobjective calibration (1)
- multiobjektive Kalibrierung (1)
- multiplicative cascade model (1)
- multiscale (1)
- multispectral (1)
- multivariate Statistik (1)
- multivariate linear regression model (1)
- multivariate statistics (1)
- multivariates lineares Regressionsmodell (1)
- music industry (1)
- nationale und räumliche Identität (1)
- natural disturbances (1)
- natural hazard mitigation (1)
- natural language processing (1)
- natural terrestrial landforms (1)
- naturbasierte Lösungen (1)
- nature conservation area (1)
- nature-based solutions (1)
- natürliche Störungen (1)
- natürliche terrestrische Oberflächenformen (1)
- navigation (1)
- neoliberalism (1)
- net primary production (1)
- network (1)
- network analysis (1)
- networking (1)
- neue Institutionentheorie (1)
- neutron (1)
- new institutional theory (1)
- new media (1)
- newspaper (1)
- nichtlineare Geowissenschaften (1)
- nichtstationäres Hochwasserrisiko (1)
- night lights (1)
- nitrate dynamics (1)
- non-compliance (1)
- nonlinear response (1)
- nonstationarity (1)
- non‐ linearity (1)
- nordeste do Brasil (1)
- northeast of Brazil (1)
- northwestern Pacific (1)
- nowcasting (1)
- numerical models (1)
- numerische Modellierung (1)
- nutrient budget (1)
- nutrient cycle (1)
- nutrient export (1)
- nutrient retention (1)
- nutzbare Feldkapazität (1)
- nutzerorientiertes Kartenmodell (1)
- oberirdische Biomasse (1)
- object identification (1)
- oil palm plantation (1)
- oil-gas basin (1)
- oil-gas exploration engineering (1)
- opalinus clay (1)
- open range (1)
- open source software (1)
- open-cast lignite mining (1)
- optical flow (1)
- ore deposit (1)
- organische Bodensubstanz (1)
- oriental city (1)
- orientalische Stadt (1)
- orogen-foreland shortening system (1)
- orographic barrier (1)
- orographic precipitation (1)
- orographic rainfall (1)
- outburst floods (1)
- outliers (1)
- paired event (1)
- pak choi (1)
- palaeoecology (1)
- palaeovegetation (1)
- paleoenvironments (1)
- palygorskite (1)
- palynology (1)
- panel data (1)
- parameter transferability (1)
- partial adoption (1)
- partial equilibrium modeling (1)
- participative planning (1)
- particle uptake (1)
- particulate matter (1)
- pattern description (1)
- pattern-process interrelationship (1)
- patterns (1)
- peat soil microcosms (1)
- pedestrian navigation (1)
- pepper yield (1)
- perception (1)
- perennial crop (1)
- periglacial engine (1)
- permafrost coast (1)
- permafrost degradation (1)
- permafrost thaw (1)
- permanent downhole electrode array (1)
- personal care products (1)
- persönliche Informationen (1)
- pharmaceuticals and (1)
- phenolic compounds (1)
- phenology (1)
- phenomenology (1)
- phosphorus balance (1)
- phreatic eruption (1)
- phreatische Eruption (1)
- phylogeography (1)
- physiology-based models (1)
- phytoliths (1)
- phénoménologie (1)
- pilot measures (1)
- place attachment (1)
- planning strategies (1)
- plant diversity (1)
- plant macrofossil analysis (1)
- plant respiration (1)
- plasmas (1)
- plausibility test with field data (1)
- pluton (1)
- pmoA amplicon sequencing (1)
- polder (1)
- policy effectiveness (1)
- politiques publiques (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- polycentric governance (1)
- polycontexturality (1)
- polymictic lakes (1)
- ponds (1)
- population density (1)
- population policy (1)
- populations (1)
- pore pressure generation (1)
- porosity (1)
- porphyry copper deposits (1)
- postglacial recolonization (1)
- postgrowth (1)
- potential evapotranspiration (1)
- poultry manure (1)
- precipitation (1)
- precipitation index (SPI) (1)
- precipitation intensity (1)
- precipitation interpolation (1)
- predictability (1)
- preferential flow (1)
- preferential flow pathways (1)
- pressure propagation (1)
- principal components (1)
- privacy (1)
- private precaution (1)
- probabilistic modeling (1)
- probabilistische Modellierung (1)
- process analysis (1)
- process chain (1)
- process-based crop model (1)
- process-based modeling (1)
- processes (1)
- production network (1)
- productivity (GPP) (1)
- project coordination (1)
- projection (1)
- proof of concept in numerical environments (1)
- property level protection measures (1)
- propriedades hidráulicas do solo (1)
- prospective (1)
- protists (1)
- prozeß-basierte Modellierung (1)
- public communication (1)
- public engagement (1)
- pure-/simple-shear shortening (1)
- quality (1)
- quality assessment framework (1)
- quantile regression forest (1)
- radiography (1)
- railway (1)
- railway station (1)
- rainfall characteristics (1)
- rainfall variability (1)
- rainfall-runoff modelling (1)
- rainforest (1)
- rapid impact assessment (1)
- rare flood dynamics (1)
- rate (1)
- raum-zeitlich (1)
- raumbezogene Straftatenanalyse (1)
- raumbezogene Ökologie (1)
- reactive transport (1)
- readout electronics (1)
- real estate portals (1)
- recarga de águas subterrâneas (1)
- reclamation (1)
- recommendation (1)
- reconnection (1)
- reconstructive social research (1)
- region (1)
- regional aquifer parameters (1)
- regional climate change impacts (1)
- regionale Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen (1)
- religion (1)
- remagnetization (1)
- remote sensing data (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- reproducibility (1)
- research design (1)
- reservoir (1)
- reservoir sedimentation (1)
- resource scarcity (1)
- response surface analysis (1)
- retrieval of aerosol properties (1)
- revegetation (1)
- rheology (1)
- richness (1)
- right-wing extremism (1)
- right-wing populism (1)
- risk communication (1)
- risk dynamics (1)
- risk model chain (1)
- river (1)
- river erosion (1)
- river flooding (1)
- river floods (1)
- river incision (1)
- river profile analysis (1)
- river restoration (1)
- river-lake systems (1)
- road effect (1)
- rock glacier (1)
- root hydraulics (1)
- root water uptake (1)
- rotation (1)
- runoff development (1)
- runoff dynamics (1)
- runoff seasonality (1)
- runoff timing (1)
- rupture (1)
- rural (1)
- rural areas (1)
- rural development (1)
- räumlich-zeitliche Validierung (1)
- räumliche Abhängigkeit (1)
- räumliche Analyse (1)
- räumliche Identität (1)
- räumliche Immobilienmarktanalyse (1)
- salinization (1)
- salt load management (1)
- sandige Böden (1)
- sandy soils (1)
- satellite images (1)
- scanning electron microscope (1)
- scenario analysis (1)
- scenarios (1)
- schoolbook analysis (1)
- schrumpfende Städte (1)
- seascape (1)
- seasonal effects (1)
- sedaDNA (1)
- sediment accumulation (1)
- sediment bed fluidization (1)
- sediment cascade (1)
- sediment dynamics (1)
- sediment geochemistry (1)
- sediment management (1)
- sediment re-suspension (1)
- sediment transport and deposition (1)
- sediment trap (1)
- sediments (1)
- seismic (1)
- selbstorganisierte Karten (1)
- self-organising maps (1)
- self-organized criticality (1)
- seltenes und saisonunübliches Hochwasser (1)
- semi-structured interview (1)
- semiarides Gebiet (1)
- sensitivity (1)
- sensitivity analysis with field data (1)
- sensoriamento remoto (1)
- series ERA-interim (1)
- settlement area (1)
- shoreline (1)
- shoreline projection (1)
- short duration (1)
- signatures (1)
- silicon (1)
- silicon pore water speciation (1)
- simulation, size (1)
- single-cell analytics (1)
- site effects (1)
- siteproperties (1)
- size distribution (1)
- skalenübergreifende Analyse (1)
- slab window (1)
- small Alpine catchments (1)
- smart city (1)
- snow measurements (1)
- snow routine (1)
- snow water equivalent (1)
- soccer (1)
- social (1)
- social geography (1)
- social housing (1)
- social inequality (1)
- social network (1)
- social networks (1)
- socialism (1)
- societal resilience (1)
- socio-economic (1)
- socio-economy (1)
- socio-hydrology (1)
- socioeconomic factors (1)
- software (1)
- soil (1)
- soil analysis (1)
- soil cover percentage (1)
- soil hydraulic properties (1)
- soil landscape (1)
- soil moisture variability (1)
- soil organic carbon (SOC) (1)
- soil organic matter (1)
- soil protection (1)
- soil water (1)
- soils (1)
- solar irradiance (1)
- solute deposition (1)
- soziale Netzwerke (1)
- soziale Ungleichheit (1)
- sozialer Wohnungsbau (1)
- sozialräumliche Disparitäten (1)
- space (1)
- space images (1)
- spatial construction (1)
- spatial data (1)
- spatial dependence (1)
- spatial ecology (1)
- spatial identity (1)
- spatial insecurity (1)
- spatial match analysis (1)
- spatial planning (1)
- spatial resolution (1)
- spatial resolution; (1)
- spatio-temporal (1)
- spatio-temporal heterogeneity (1)
- spatio-temporal sensor data (1)
- spatiotemporal validation (1)
- species distribution (1)
- species distribution models (1)
- spectral analysis (1)
- spectral analysis of groundwater level fluctuations (1)
- square-root-impedance (1)
- stable carbon isotopes (1)
- stable isotope (1)
- stade (1)
- stadium (1)
- stakeholder engagement (1)
- standardised (1)
- standardisierter Niederschlagsindex (SPI (1)
- statistical analysis (1)
- statistical moments (1)
- status description (1)
- steady-state (1)
- steep mountain stream (1)
- steppe (1)
- stick-slip (1)
- stick-slip motion (1)
- stick–slip tests (1)
- stigmatization (1)
- stochastic and deterministic numerical model design (1)
- stoichiometric controls (1)
- storm runoff events (1)
- storm surge (1)
- strain rate (1)
- strategies (1)
- stratified event (1)
- stream denitrification (1)
- stream power law model (1)
- stream sinuosity (1)
- streamflow changes (1)
- streamflow trend (1)
- streamflow variability (1)
- strength (1)
- strike-slip system (1)
- stromatolite (1)
- strong Motion (1)
- structural analysis (1)
- structural equation modeling (1)
- struvite (1)
- student project (1)
- städtisch (1)
- städtische Überschwemmungen (1)
- städtischer Wärmeinseleffekt (1)
- subduction initiation (1)
- subduction segmentation (1)
- submarine (1)
- subnational resolution (1)
- subsurface flow (1)
- surfac runoff (1)
- surface sediment (1)
- surface water-groundwater interaction (1)
- surface-water relations (1)
- suspendiertes Sediment (1)
- sustainability transformation (1)
- sustainable development goals (1)
- sustainable diets (1)
- synergies and trade-offs (1)
- synergies and trade‐ offs (1)
- synthesis (1)
- synthetic aperture radar interferometry (1)
- synthetic climate change scenarios (1)
- synthetische Klimaszenarien (1)
- system conditions (1)
- system theory (1)
- systematic review (1)
- systematische Übersicht (1)
- systemic approaches (1)
- systemische Ansätze (1)
- systems theory (1)
- teaching geography (1)
- techniques: spectroscopic (1)
- tectonic regime (1)
- temperate regions (1)
- temperature index approach (1)
- temperature trend (1)
- temporal resolution (1)
- temporale (1)
- temporale Symbolik (1)
- terrestrial biogeosystems (1)
- terrestrial water storage variation (1)
- testing procedure (1)
- text analytics (1)
- text book (1)
- thermal-field (1)
- thermokarst (1)
- thermokinematic modelling (1)
- thin-thick-skinned tectonics (1)
- tidally modulated cryogenic seismicity (1)
- tiefes Lernen (1)
- tillage (1)
- time (1)
- time delay embedding for runoff series (1)
- time series analysis (1)
- time series investigation (1)
- time-domain reflectometry (1)
- time-seriesa (1)
- timescale dependency (1)
- timing (1)
- tipping-point (1)
- tomography (1)
- topography (1)
- trait-based approaches (1)
- transdisciplinary (1)
- transdisciplinary research (1)
- transformative policies (1)
- transnational migration (1)
- transnationale Migration (1)
- transport public policies (1)
- transregional (1)
- tree species effects (1)
- treeline ecotone (1)
- trend analysis (1)
- trend attribution (1)
- trend turning points (1)
- trichomes (1)
- trnL (1)
- trnL P6 loop (1)
- trophic level (1)
- tropical forests (1)
- tropical lake (1)
- tropical peatland (1)
- tropical rainforest (1)
- tropics (1)
- tropische Waldökosysteme (1)
- tropischer See (1)
- tundra (1)
- tundra vegetation (1)
- turbidity current (1)
- umlaufender Deich (1)
- umweltgerechte Landwirtschaft (1)
- uncertainty analysis (1)
- ungesättigte Zone (1)
- united states (1)
- universities (1)
- unloading stress (1)
- unternehmerische Stadt (1)
- unterschiedlich lösliche Fraktionen (1)
- urban decline (1)
- urban development (1)
- urban flooding (1)
- urban fraction (1)
- urban heat island (1)
- urban hydrology (1)
- urban planning (1)
- urban pluvial flood (1)
- urban regeneration (1)
- urban water (1)
- urban water supply (1)
- urbane Böden (1)
- urbane Hydrologie (1)
- urbanity (1)
- user-oriented map model (1)
- validation of model (1)
- value chain (1)
- value creation (1)
- vegetation dynamics (1)
- vegetation model (1)
- vegetation reconstruction (1)
- vergleichende Stadtforschung (1)
- ville intelligente (1)
- visualisation (1)
- vocational schools (1)
- vocational training (1)
- volcanic ash (1)
- volcanic ash soils (1)
- volcanic plumbing system (1)
- volcano monitoring (1)
- volcano seismology (1)
- voting behaviour (1)
- vulkanische Ascheböden (1)
- vulkanische Seismologie (1)
- vulkanisches System (1)
- warning (1)
- waste reuse (1)
- water (1)
- water availability (1)
- water balance; (1)
- water crisis (1)
- water framework directive (1)
- water mass variations (1)
- water movement (1)
- water quality modelling (1)
- water resources (1)
- water uptake (1)
- water utility company (1)
- waterbodies (1)
- wavelet analysis (1)
- wealth (1)
- weather (1)
- weather radar (1)
- weather types (1)
- weltwärts (1)
- western Canadian Arctic (1)
- wheat (1)
- wildflower mixture (1)
- wind gusts (1)
- wood density (1)
- wood products (1)
- work ethics (1)
- yield gap (1)
- zeitlich hochaufgelöste Sensormessungen (1)
- zivile Sicherheit (1)
- Änderungen des Hochwassers (1)
- Ökosystemleistungen (1)
- Ökosystemmodellierung (1)
- Überflutung (1)
- Übergangszone (1)
- Übertragbarkeit (1)
- Übertragbarkeit der Parameter (1)
- émotion (1)
- гидрология (1)
- глубокие нейронные сети (1)
- глубокое обучение (1)
- машинное обучение (1)
- моделирование (1)
Institute
- Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie (1557) (remove)
Theoretische Ansätze unter den Oberbegriffen "Hierarchy" und "Scale" sind in der Ökologie seit den 1980er-Jahren entwickelt und intensiv diskutiert worden. Das wissenschaftliche Paradigma kann mit dem Begriff "Hierarchical Patch Dynamics" beschrieben werden. Obwohl auch Anwendungsbezüge diskutiert und konzipiert wurden, hat es in Deutschland bisher in der Landschaftsplanung kein größeres Echo hervorgerufen. Gleichwohl gibt es eine Reihe interessanter Anknüpfungspunkte zwischen Aussagen der ökologischen Hierarchie-Theorie und konkreten landschaftsplanerischen und naturschutzfachliceh Aufgabenstellungen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden Grundzüge dieser Theorie bzw. der unter dem Dach des Paradigmas "Hierarchical Patch Dynamics" versammelten theoretischen Ansätze dargestellt. Wesentlich ist die erkenntnistheoretische Grundhaltung, die versucht, unzulässige Verallgemeinerungen oder Absolutheitsansprüche auszuschließen, indem sie zunächst den Gegenstandsbereich der Ökologie beschreibt und analysiert. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Herangehensweisen zur Behandlung ökologischer Fragestellungen vorgeschlagen. Diese Herangehensweisen lassen sich auf landschaftsplanerische Aufgaben übertragen. Es wird gezeigt, für welche Bereiche eine solche Übertragung denkbar wäre. Letztlich bedürfte es einer Praxisüberprüfung, um herauszufinden, ob mit Hilfe von Ansätzen der ökologischen Hierarchie- Theorie die Bearbeitung planerischer Fragestellungen verbessert oder ergänzt werden könnte.
The ability to reflect is considered an essential element of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and a key competence for learners and educators in ESD (UNECE Strategy for ESD, 2012). In contrast to its high importance, little is known about how reflective thinking can be identified, influenced or increased in the classroom. Therefore, the objective of this study is to address this need by developing an empirical multi-stage model designed to help educators diagnose different levels of reflective thinking and to identify factors that influence students’ reflective thinking about sustainability. Based on a 4–8-week project with grade 10 and 11 students studying sustainability, reflective thinking performance using weblogs as reflective journals was analysed. In addition, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with the teachers to comprehend the learning environment and the personal value they assigned to ESD in their geography class. To determine the levels of reflective thinking achieved by the students, the study built on the work of Dewey (1933) and pre-existing multi-stage models of reflective thinking (Bain, Ballantyne, & Packer, 1999; Chen, Wei, Wu, & Uden, 2009). Using a qualitative, iterative data analysis, the study adapted the stage models to be applicable in ESD and found great differences in the students’ reflection levels. Furthermore, the study identified eight factors that influence students’ reflective thinking about sustainability. The outcomes of this study may be valuable for educators in high school and higher education, who seek to diagnose their students’ reflective thinking performance and facilitate reflection about sustainability.
Geophysical data acquisition in oceanic domains is challenging, implying measurements with low and/or nonhomogeneous spatial resolution. The evolution of satellite gravimetry and altimetry techniques allows testing 3-D density models of the lithosphere, taking advantage of the high spatial resolution and homogeneous coverage of satellites. However, it is not trivial to discretise the source of the gravity field at different depths. Here, we propose a new method for inferring tectonic boundaries at the crustal level. As a novelty, instead of modeling the gravity anomalies and assuming a flat Earth approximation, we model the vertical gravity gradients (VGG) in spherical coordinates, which are especially sensitive to density contrasts in the upper layers of the Earth. To validate the methodology, the complex oceanic domain of the Caribbean region is studied, which includes different crustal domains with a tectonic history since Late Jurassic time. After defining a lithospheric starting model constrained by up-to-date geophysical data sets, we tested several a-priory density distributions and selected the model with the minimum misfits with respect to the VGG calculated from the EIGEN-6C4 data set. Additionally, the density of the crystalline crust was inferred by inverting the VGG field. Our methodology enabled us not only to refine, confirm, and/or propose tectonic boundaries in the study area but also to identify a new anomalous buoyant body, located in the South Lesser Antilles subduction zone, and high-density bodies along the Greater, Lesser, and Leeward Antilles forearcs.
Remote Sensing technologies allow to map biophysical, biochemical, and earth surface parameters of the land surface. Of especial interest for various applications in environmental and urban sciences is the combination of spectral and 3D elevation information. However, those two data streams are provided separately by different instruments, namely airborne laser scanner (ALS) for elevation and a hyperspectral imager (HSI) for high spectral resolution data. The fusion of ALS and HSI data can thus lead to a single data entity consistently featuring rich structural and spectral information. In this study, we present the application of fusing the first pulse return information from ALS data at a sub-decimeter spatial resolution with the lower-spatial resolution hyperspectral information available from the HSI into a hyperspectral point cloud (HSPC). During the processing, a plausible hyperspectral spectrum is assigned to every first-return ALS point. We show that the complementary implementation of spectral and 3D information at the point-cloud scale improves object-based classification and information extraction schemes. This improvements have great potential for numerous land cover mapping and environmental applications.
Channel transmission losses in drylands take place normally in extensive alluvial channels or streambeds underlain by fractured rocks. They can play an important role in streamflow rates, groundwater recharge, freshwater supply and channel-associated ecosystems. We aim to develop a process-oriented, semi-distributed channel transmission losses model, using process formulations which are suitable for data-scarce dryland environments and applicable to both hydraulically disconnected losing streams and hydraulically connected losing(/gaining) streams. This approach should be able to cover a large variation in climate and hydro-geologic controls, which are typically found in dryland regions of the Earth. Our model was first evaluated for a losing/gaining, hydraulically connected 30 km reach of the Middle Jaguaribe River (MJR), Ceara, Brazil, which drains a catchment area of 20 000 km(2). Secondly, we applied it to a small losing, hydraulically disconnected 1.5 km channel reach in the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW), Arizona, USA. The model was able to predict reliably the streamflow volume and peak for both case studies without using any parameter calibration procedure. We have shown that the evaluation of the hypotheses on the dominant hydrological processes was fundamental for reducing structural model uncertainties and improving the streamflow prediction. For instance, in the case of the large river reach (MJR), it was shown that both lateral stream-aquifer water fluxes and groundwater flow in the underlying alluvium parallel to the river course are necessary to predict streamflow volume and channel transmission losses, the former process being more relevant than the latter. Regarding model uncertainty, it was shown that the approaches, which were applied for the unsaturated zone processes (highly nonlinear with elaborate numerical solutions), are much more sensitive to parameter variability than those approaches which were used for the saturated zone (mathematically simple water budgeting in aquifer columns, including backwater effects). In case of the MJR-application, we have seen that structural uncertainties due to the limited knowledge of the subsurface saturated system interactions (i.e. groundwater coupling with channel water; possible groundwater flow parallel to the river) were more relevant than those related to the subsurface parameter variability. In case of the WEGW application we have seen that the non-linearity involved in the unsaturated flow processes in disconnected dryland river systems (controlled by the unsaturated zone) generally contain far more model uncertainties than do connected systems controlled by the saturated flow. Therefore, the degree of aridity of a dryland river may be an indicator of potential model uncertainty and subsequent attainable predictability of the system.
Air pollution is a pressing issue that is associated with adverse effects on human health, ecosystems, and climate. Despite many years of effort to improve air quality, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) limit values are still regularly exceeded in Europe, particularly in cities and along streets. This study explores how concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) in European urban areas have changed over the last decades and how this relates to changes in emissions. To do so, the incremental approach was used, comparing urban increments (i.e. urban background minus rural concentrations) to total emissions, and roadside increments (i.e. urban roadside concentrations minus urban background concentrations) to traffic emissions. In total, nine European cities were assessed. The study revealed that potentially confounding factors like the impact of urban pollution at rural monitoring sites through atmospheric transport are generally negligible for NOx. The approach proves therefore particularly useful for this pollutant. The estimated urban increments all showed downward trends, and for the majority of the cities the trends aligned well with the total emissions. However, it was found that factors like a very densely populated surrounding or local emission sources in the rural area such as shipping traffic on inland waterways restrict the application of the approach for some cities. The roadside increments showed an overall very diverse picture in their absolute values and trends and also in their relation to traffic emissions. This variability and the discrepancies between roadside increments and emissions could be attributed to a combination of local influencing factors at the street level and different aspects introducing inaccuracies to the trends of the emis-sion inventories used, including deficient emission factors. Applying the incremental approach was evaluated as useful for long-term pan-European studies, but at the same time it was found to be restricted to certain regions and cities due to data availability issues. The results also highlight that using emission inventories for the prediction of future health impacts and compliance with limit values needs to consider the distinct variability in the concentrations not only across but also within cities.
The quantification of spatial propagation of extreme precipitation events is vital in water resources planning and disaster mitigation. However, quantifying these extreme events has always been challenging as many traditional methods are insufficient to capture the nonlinear interrelationships between extreme event time series. Therefore, it is crucial to develop suitable methods for analyzing the dynamics of extreme events over a river basin with a diverse climate and complicated topography. Over the last decade, complex network analysis emerged as a powerful tool to study the intricate spatiotemporal relationship between many variables in a compact way. In this study, we employ two nonlinear concepts of event synchronization and edit distance to investigate the extreme precipitation pattern in the Ganga river basin. We use the network degree to understand the spatial synchronization pattern of extreme rainfall and identify essential sites in the river basin with respect to potential prediction skills. The study also attempts to quantify the influence of precipitation seasonality and topography on extreme events. The findings of the study reveal that (1) the network degree is decreased in the southwest to northwest direction, (2) the timing of 50th percentile precipitation within a year influences the spatial distribution of degree, (3) the timing is inversely related to elevation, and (4) the lower elevation greatly influences connectivity of the sites. The study highlights that edit distance could be a promising alternative to analyze event-like data by incorporating event time and amplitude and constructing complex networks of climate extremes.
Over the past decades, natural hazards, many of which are aggravated by climate change and reveal an increasing trend in frequency and intensity, have caused significant human and economic losses and pose a considerable obstacle to sustainable development. Hence, dedicated action toward disaster risk reduction is needed to understand the underlying drivers and create efficient risk mitigation plans. Such action is requested by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (SFDRR), a global agreement launched in 2015 that establishes stating priorities for action, e.g. an improved understanding of disaster risk. Turkey is one of the SFDRR contracting countries and has been severely affected by many natural hazards, in particular earthquakes and floods. However, disproportionately little is known about flood hazards and risks in Turkey. Therefore, this thesis aims to carry out a comprehensive analysis of flood hazards for the first time in Turkey from triggering drivers to impacts. It is intended to contribute to a better understanding of flood risks, improvements of flood risk mitigation and the facilitated monitoring of progress and achievements while implementing the SFDRR.
In order to investigate the occurrence and severity of flooding in comparison to other natural hazards in Turkey and provide an overview of the temporal and spatial distribution of flood losses, the Turkey Disaster Database (TABB) was examined for the years 1960-2014. The TABB database was reviewed through comparison with the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT), the Dartmouth Flood Observatory database, the scientific literature and news archives. In addition, data on the most severe flood events between 1960 and 2014 were retrieved. These served as a basis for analyzing triggering mechanisms (i.e. atmospheric circulation and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e. topographic features, catchment size, land use types and soil properties). For this, a new approach was developed and the events were classified using hierarchical cluster analyses to identify the main influencing factor per event and provide additional information about the dominant flood pathways for severe floods. The main idea of the study was to start with the event impacts based on a bottom-up approach and identify the causes that created damaging events, instead of applying a model chain with long-term series as input and searching for potentially impacting events as model outcomes. However, within the frequency analysis of the flood-triggering circulation pattern types, it was discovered that events in terms of heavy precipitation were not included in the list of most severe floods, i.e. their impacts were not recorded in national and international loss databases but were mentioned in news archives and reported by the Turkish State Meteorological Service. This finding challenges bottom-up modelling approaches and underlines the urgent need for consistent event and loss documentation. Therefore, as a next step, the aim was to enhance the flood loss documentation by calibrating, validating and applying the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) loss estimation method for the recent severe flood events (2015-2020). This provided, a consistent flood loss estimation model for Turkey, allowing governments to estimate losses as quickly as possible after events, e.g. to better coordinate financial aid.
This thesis reveals that, after earthquakes, floods have the second most destructive effects in Turkey in terms of human and economic impacts, with over 800 fatalities and US$ 885.7 million in economic losses between 1960 and 2020, and that more attention should be paid on the national scale. The clustering results of the dominant flood-producing mechanisms (e.g. circulation pattern types, extreme rainfall, sudden snowmelt) present crucial information regarding the source and pathway identification, which can be used as base information for hazard identification in the preliminary risk assessment process. The implementation of the UNDRR loss estimation model shows that the model with country-specific parameters, calibrated damage ratios and sufficient event documentation (i.e. physically damaged units) can be recommended in order to provide first estimates of the magnitude of direct economic losses, even shortly after events have occurred, since it performed well when estimates were compared to documented losses.
The presented results can contribute to improving the national disaster loss database in Turkey and thus enable a better monitoring of the national progress and achievements with regard to the targets stated by the SFDRR. In addition, the outcomes can be used to better characterize and classify flood events. Information on the main underlying factors and aggravating flood pathways further supports the selection of suitable risk reduction policies.
All input variables used in this thesis were obtained from publicly available data. The results are openly accessible and can be used for further research.
As an overall conclusion, it can be stated that consistent loss data collection and better event documentation should gain more attention for a reliable monitoring of the implementation of the SFDRR. Better event documentation should be established according to a globally accepted standard for disaster classification and loss estimation in Turkey. Ultimately, this enables stakeholders to create better risk mitigation actions based on clear hazard definitions, flood event classification and consistent loss estimations.
The improvement of process representations in hydrological models is often only driven by the modelers' knowledge and data availability. We present a comprehensive comparison between two hydrological models of different complexity that is developed to support (1) the understanding of the differences between model structures and (2) the identification of the observations needed for model assessment and improvement. The comparison is conducted on both space and time and by aggregating the outputs at different spatiotemporal scales. In the present study, mHM, a process‐based hydrological model, and ParFlow‐CLM, an integrated subsurface‐surface hydrological model, are used. The models are applied in a mesoscale catchment in Germany. Both models agree in the simulated river discharge at the outlet and the surface soil moisture dynamics, lending their supports for some model applications (drought monitoring). Different model sensitivities are, however, found when comparing evapotranspiration and soil moisture at different soil depths. The analysis supports the need of observations within the catchment for model assessment, but it indicates that different strategies should be considered for the different variables. Evapotranspiration measurements are needed at daily resolution across several locations, while highly resolved spatially distributed observations with lower temporal frequency are required for soil moisture. Finally, the results show the impact of the shallow groundwater system simulated by ParFlow‐CLM and the need to account for the related soil moisture redistribution. Our comparison strategy can be applied to other models types and environmental conditions to strengthen the dialog between modelers and experimentalists for improving process representations in Earth system models.
A conundrum of trends
(2022)
This comment is meant to reiterate two warnings: One applies to the uncritical use of ready-made (openly available) program packages, and one to the estimation of trends in serially correlated time series. Both warnings apply to the recent publication of Lischeid et al. about lake-level trends in Germany.
Transverse dispersion, or tracer spreading orthogonal to the mean flow direction, which is relevant e.g, for quantifying bio-degradation of contaminant plumes or mixing of reactive solutes, has been studied in the literature less than the longitudinal one. Inferring transverse dispersion coefficients from field experiments is a difficult and error-prone task, requiring a spatial resolution of solute plumes which is not easily achievable in applications. In absence of field data, it is a questionable common practice to set transverse dispersivities as a fraction of the longitudinal one, with the ratio 1/10 being the most prevalent. We collected estimates of field-scale transverse dispersivities from existing publications and explored possible scale relationships as guidance criteria for applications. Our investigation showed that a large number of estimates available in the literature are of low reliability and should be discarded from further analysis. The remaining reliable estimates are formation-specific, span three orders of magnitude and do not show any clear scale-dependence on the plume traveled distance. The ratios with the longitudinal dispersivity are also site specific and vary widely. The reliability of transverse dispersivities depends significantly on the type of field experiment and method of data analysis. In applications where transverse dispersion plays a significant role, inference of transverse dispersivities should be part of site characterization with the transverse dispersivity estimated as an independent parameter rather than related heuristically to longitudinal dispersivity.
Rainfall erosivities as defined by the R factor from the universal soil loss equation were determined for all events during a two-year period at the station La Cuenca in western Amazonia. Three methods based on a power relationship between rainfall amount and erosivity were then applied to estimate event and daily rainfall erosivities from the respective rainfall amounts. A test of the resulting regression equations against an independent data set proved all three methods equally adequate in predicting rainfall erosivity from daily rainfall amount. We recommend the Richardson model for testing in the Amazon Basin, and its use with the coefficient from La Cuenca in western Amazonia.
A New Efficient Method to Solve the Stream Power Law Model Taking Into Account Sediment Deposition
(2019)
The stream power law model has been widely used to represent erosion by rivers but does not take into account the role played by sediment in modulating erosion and deposition rates. Davy and Lague (2009, ) provide an approach to address this issue, but it is computationally demanding because the local balance between erosion and deposition depends on sediment flux resulting from net upstream erosion. Here, we propose an efficient (i.e., O(N) and implicit) method to solve their equation. This means that, unlike other methods used to study the complete dynamics of fluvial systems (e.g., including the transition from detachment-limited to transport-limited behavior), our method is unconditionally stable even when large time steps are used. We demonstrate its applicability by performing a range of simulations based on a simple setup composed of an uplifting region adjacent to a stable foreland basin. As uplift and erosion progress, the mean elevations of the uplifting relief and the foreland increase, together with the average slope in the foreland. Sediments aggrade in the foreland and prograde to reach the base level where sediments are allowed to leave the system. We show how the topography of the uplifting relief and the stratigraphy of the foreland basin are controlled by the efficiency of river erosion and the efficiency of sediment transport by rivers. We observe the formation of a steady-state geometry in the uplifting region, and a dynamic steady state (i.e., autocyclic aggradation and incision) in the foreland, with aggradation and incision thicknesses up to tens of meters.
Quantifying the extremeness of heavy precipitation allows for the comparison of events. Conventional quantitative indices, however, typically neglect the spatial extent or the duration, while both are important to understand potential impacts. In 2014, the weather extremity index (WEI) was suggested to quantify the extremeness of an event and to identify the spatial and temporal scale at which the event was most extreme. However, the WEI does not account for the fact that one event can be extreme at various spatial and temporal scales. To better understand and detect the compound nature of precipitation events, we suggest complementing the original WEI with a “cross-scale weather extremity index” (xWEI), which integrates extremeness over relevant scales instead of determining its maximum.
Based on a set of 101 extreme precipitation events in Germany, we outline and demonstrate the computation of both WEI and xWEI. We find that the choice of the index can lead to considerable differences in the assessment of past events but that the most extreme events are ranked consistently, independently of the index. Even then, the xWEI can reveal cross-scale properties which would otherwise remain hidden. This also applies to the disastrous event from July 2021, which clearly outranks all other analyzed events with regard to both WEI and xWEI.
While demonstrating the added value of xWEI, we also identify various methodological challenges along the required computational workflow: these include the parameter estimation for the extreme value distributions, the definition of maximum spatial extent and temporal duration, and the weighting of extremeness at different scales. These challenges, however, also represent opportunities to adjust the retrieval of WEI and xWEI to specific user requirements and application scenarios.
Quantifying the extremeness of heavy precipitation allows for the comparison of events. Conventional quantitative indices, however, typically neglect the spatial extent or the duration, while both are important to understand potential impacts. In 2014, the weather extremity index (WEI) was suggested to quantify the extremeness of an event and to identify the spatial and temporal scale at which the event was most extreme. However, the WEI does not account for the fact that one event can be extreme at various spatial and temporal scales. To better understand and detect the compound nature of precipitation events, we suggest complementing the original WEI with a “cross-scale weather extremity index” (xWEI), which integrates extremeness over relevant scales instead of determining its maximum.
Based on a set of 101 extreme precipitation events in Germany, we outline and demonstrate the computation of both WEI and xWEI. We find that the choice of the index can lead to considerable differences in the assessment of past events but that the most extreme events are ranked consistently, independently of the index. Even then, the xWEI can reveal cross-scale properties which would otherwise remain hidden. This also applies to the disastrous event from July 2021, which clearly outranks all other analyzed events with regard to both WEI and xWEI.
While demonstrating the added value of xWEI, we also identify various methodological challenges along the required computational workflow: these include the parameter estimation for the extreme value distributions, the definition of maximum spatial extent and temporal duration, and the weighting of extremeness at different scales. These challenges, however, also represent opportunities to adjust the retrieval of WEI and xWEI to specific user requirements and application scenarios.
The precise and accurate assessment of carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange is crucial to identify terrestrial carbon (C) sources and sinks and for evaluating their role within the global C budget. The substantial uncertainty in disentangling the management and soil impact on measured CO2 fluxes are largely ignored especially in cropland. The reasons for this lies in the limitation of the widely used eddy covariance as well as manual and automatic chamber systems, which either account for short-term temporal variability or small-scale spatial heterogeneity, but barely both. To address this issue, we developed a novel robotic chamber system allowing for dozens of spatial measurement repetitions, thus enabling CO2 exchange measurements in a sufficient temporal and high small-scale spatial resolution. The system was tested from 08th July to 09th September 2019 at a heterogeneous field (100 m x 16 m), located within the hummocky ground moraine landscape of northeastern Germany (CarboZALF-D). The field is foreseen for a longer-term block trial manipulation experiment extending over three erosion induced soil types and was covered with spring barley. Measured fluxes of nighttime ecosystem respiration (R-eco) and daytime net ecosystem exchange (NEE) showed distinct temporal patterns influenced by crop phenology, weather conditions and management practices. Similarly, we found clear small-scale spatial differences in cumulated (gap-filled) R-eco, gross primary productivity (GPP) and NEE fluxes affected by the three distinct soil types. Additionally, spatial patterns induced by former management practices and characterized by differences in soil pH and nutrition status (P and K) were also revealed between plots within each of the three soil types, which allowed compensating for prior to the foreseen block trial manipulation experiment. The results underline the great potential of the novel robotic chamber system, which not only detects short-term temporal CO2 flux dynamics but also reflects the impact of small-scale spatial heterogeneity.