Caterina Penone, Eric Allan, Santiago Soliveres, Maria R. Felipe-Lucia, Martin M. Gossner, Sebastian Seibold, Nadja K. Simons, Peter Schall, Fons van der Plas, Peter Manning, Ruben D. Manzanedo, Steffen Boch, Daniel Prati, Christian Ammer, Juergen Bauhus, Francois Buscot, Martin Ehbrecht, Kezia Goldmann, Kirsten Jung, Joerg Mueller, Joerg C. Mueller, Rodica Pena, Andrea Polle, Swen C. Renner, Liliane Ruess, Ingo Schoenig, Marion Schrumpf, Emily F. Solly, Marco Tschapka, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Tesfaye Wubet, Markus Fischer

• While forest management strongly influences biodiversity, it remains unclear how the structural and compositional changes caused by management affect different community dimensions (e.g. richness, specialisation, abundance or completeness) and how this differs between taxa. We assessed the effects of nine forest features (representing stand structure, heterogeneity and tree composition) on thirteen above- and belowground trophic groups of plants, animals, fungi and bacteria in 150 temperate forest plots differing in their management type. Canopy cover decreased light resources, which increased community specialisation but reduced overall diversity and abundance. Features increasing resource types and diversifying microhabitats (admixing of oaks and conifers) were important and mostly affected richness. Belowground groups responded differently to those aboveground and had weaker responses to most forest features. Our results show that we need to consider forest features rather than broad management types and highlight the importance ofWhile forest management strongly influences biodiversity, it remains unclear how the structural and compositional changes caused by management affect different community dimensions (e.g. richness, specialisation, abundance or completeness) and how this differs between taxa. We assessed the effects of nine forest features (representing stand structure, heterogeneity and tree composition) on thirteen above- and belowground trophic groups of plants, animals, fungi and bacteria in 150 temperate forest plots differing in their management type. Canopy cover decreased light resources, which increased community specialisation but reduced overall diversity and abundance. Features increasing resource types and diversifying microhabitats (admixing of oaks and conifers) were important and mostly affected richness. Belowground groups responded differently to those aboveground and had weaker responses to most forest features. Our results show that we need to consider forest features rather than broad management types and highlight the importance of considering several groups and community dimensions to better inform conservation.…