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Einleitung
(2001)
Inhalt: 1 Einleitung: Der Gegenstand der Vorlesung 1.1 Das Problem 1.2 Geschichte 1.3 Geschichtserzählung 1.4 Geschichtsschreibung und ihre Alternativen 1.5 Faktum und Fiktion 1.6 Geschichtsschreibung zwischen Historik und Poetik 1.7 Der Gegenstand der Vorlesung 1.8 Das Programm der Vorlesung 2 Form- und Gattungsgeschichte 2.1 Narrative Probleme der Geschichtsschreibung 2.2 Typologie 2.3 Formengeschichtlicher Zugang 2.3.1 André Jolies 2.3.2 Bibelexegese 2.3.3 Filmanalyse 2.4 Wichtige Formen der Geschichtsschreibung 2.5 Zusammenfassung 3 Quellen und Vorformen 3.1 Die Geschichte der Schrift bzw. der Verschriftlichung in Rom 3.2 Öffentliche Archive - Schriftlichkeit von Verwaltung 3.3 Publizierte Texte 3.4 Familientradition 3.5 Priesterarchive 4 Chronologische Schemata und die Entstehung der römischen Fasten (Fabio Mora) 4.1 Fabius Pictor 4.2 Cincius Alimentus 4.3 Ein Jahr von Jahren und die Hauptgliederung der römischen Geschichte 4.4 Vorfabische Fasten 4.5 Mögliche soziologische Kontexte der Fastenredaktion 4.6 Formale Analysen der Fasten 4.7 Fastenredaktion 4.8 Genealogischen Fälschungen 4.9 Die Fasten vor den leges Liciniae Sextiae 4.10 Die Fasten nach den leges Liciniae Sextiae 4.11 Zusammenfassung 5 Epochen antiker Geschichtsschreibung 5.1 Ausbildung literarischer Formen 5.2 Chronologie 5.3 Rom in der griechischen Geschichtsschreibung 5.4 Epochenüberblick 5.5 Die einzelnen Epochen 5.5.1 Frühphase und ältere Annalistik 5.5.2 Bürgerkriegszeit 5.5.3 Das 1. Jahrhundert n. Chr 5.5.4 Die spätere Prinzipatszeit 5.5.5 Die Krise des 3. Jahrhunderts 5.5.6 Dominat 5.5.7 Spät- und subantike Welt- und Provinzgeschichte 6 Caesars Commentarii 6.1 Gründe, sich mit Caesar zu beschäftigen 6.1.0 Die Gestalt 6.1.1 Caesars Bedeutung 6.1.2 Caesars Selbstzeugnisse besitzen 6.1.3 Rezeptionsgeschichte 6.2 Caesars Präsenz 6.3 Biographischer Überblick 6.4 C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii rerum gestarum belli Gallici 6.5 Bellum Pompeianum: der sogenannte <Bürgerkrieg> 6.6 Das Corpus Caesarianum 6.7 Die weitere Rezeptionsgeschichte 6.8 Zwölf zusammenfassende Thesen zum Corpus Caesarianum Anhang: Daten zur Biographie Caesars und zum Corpus Caesarianum 7 Die Annalistik bis auf Livius 7.1 Einführung 7.2 Biographie 7.3 Werk 7.4 Quellen und Wirkung 7.5 Leistung 7.6 Livius: Versuch einer Charakterisierung 7.6.1 Annalist 7.6.2 Mythograph 7.6.3 Historiker 7.6.4 Psychologe 7.6.5 Augusteer 8 Historische Monographien: Sallust 8.1 Das Werk 8.1.1 Bellum Catilinae 8.1.2 Bellum Iugurthinum 8.1.3 Historiae 8.1.4 Der historiographische Ort Sallusts 8.2 Biographie 8.3 Stoffwahl 8.4 Stil 8.5 Wirkung 9 Senatorische Geschichtsschreibung der Kaiserzeit: Tacitus und Ammianus Marcellinus 9.1 Senatorische Geschichtsschreibung 9.2 Tacitus: Biographie 9.3 Motive 9.4 Experimente 9.4.1 Agricola 9.4.2 Germania 9.4.3 Dialogus 9.4.4 Historiae 9.4.5 Annales 9.5 Taciteische Geschichtsschreibung 9.6 Wirkung 9.7 Ammianus Marcellinus 9.7.1 Biographie 9.7.2 Werk 9.7.3 Ausrichtung 10 Römische Geschichte in griechischen Augen 10.1 Dionysius Halikarnassos 10.2 Appian 10.3 Cassius Dio 10.4 Herodian 10.5 Die historiographische Quellenlage zur römischen Geschichte 11 Biographie 11.1 Die Problematik moderner Gattungsbezeichnungen 11.2 Biographie-Konzepte 11.3 Formgeschichtliche Aspekte 11.4 Römische Biographen 11.5 Biographie als Fachliteratur 11.6 Biographien als paränetische Literatur 11.7 Sueton: Biographie 11.8 Sueton: Euvre 11.9 Sueton als Historiker 11.10 Historia Augusta 12 Historiographische Kurzformen 12.1 Spektrum 12.2 Geschichtsschreibung in Listenform 12.2.1 Die beiden frühsten Exemplare 12.2.2 Fasti Ostienses 12.2.3 Fasti im Gefüge historiographischer Gattungen 12.2.4 Von Augusteischen Inschriften zum spätantiken Buchmarkt: Die Fasti Filocali 13 Universal- und Kirchengeschichte 13.1 Der Sinn der Geschichte 13.2 Universalgeschichte: Pompeius Tragus 13.3 Christliche Universalgeschichte 13.4 Kirchengeschichte 14 Bibel
Vor aller Augen unsichtbar?
(2021)
Background:
More patient data are needed to improve research on rare liver diseases. Mobile health apps enable an exhaustive data collection. Therefore, the European Reference Network on Hepatological diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER) intends to implement an app for patients with rare liver diseases communicating with a patient registry, but little is known about which features patients and their healthcare providers regard as being useful.
Aims:
This study aimed to investigate how an app for rare liver diseases would be accepted, and to find out which features are considered useful.
Methods:
An anonymous survey was conducted on adult patients with rare liver diseases at a single academic, tertiary care outpatient-service. Additionally, medical experts of the ERN working group on autoimmune hepatitis were invited to participate in an online survey.
Results:
In total, the responses from 100 patients with autoimmune (n = 90) or other rare (n = 10) liver diseases and 32 experts were analyzed. Patients were convinced to use a disease specific app (80%) and expected some benefit to their health (78%) but responses differed signifi-cantly between younger and older patients (93% vs. 62%, p < 0.001; 88% vs. 64%, p < 0.01). Comparing patients' and experts' feedback, patients more often expected a simplified healthcare pathway (e.g. 89% vs. 59% (p < 0.001) wanted access to one's own medical records), while healthcare providers saw the benefit mainly in improving compliance and treatment outcome (e.g. 93% vs. 31% (p < 0.001) and 70% vs. 21% (p < 0.001) expected the app to reduce mistakes in taking medication and improve quality of life, respectively).
We construct marked Gibbs point processes in R-d under quite general assumptions. Firstly, we allow for interaction functionals that may be unbounded and whose range is not assumed to be uniformly bounded. Indeed, our typical interaction admits an a.s. finite but random range. Secondly, the random marks-attached to the locations in R-d-belong to a general normed space G. They are not bounded, but their law should admit a super-exponential moment. The approach used here relies on the so-called entropy method and large-deviation tools in order to prove tightness of a family of finite-volume Gibbs point processes. An application to infinite-dimensional interacting diffusions is also presented.
The Sun is the nearest star to the Earth. It consists of an interior and an atmosphere. The convection zone is the outermost layer of the solar interior. A flux rope may emerge as a coherent structure from the convection zone into the solar atmosphere or be formed by magnetic reconnection in the atmosphere. A flux rope is a bundle of magnetic field lines twisting around an axis field line, creating a helical shape by which dense filament material can be supported against gravity. The flux rope is also considered as the key structure of the most energetic phenomena in the solar system, such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares. These magnetic flux ropes can produce severe geomagnetic storms. In particular, to improve the ability to forecast space weather, it is important to enrich our knowledge about the dynamic formation of flux ropes and the underlying physical mechanisms that initiate their eruption, such as a CME.
A confined eruption consists of a filament eruption and usually an associated are, but does not evolve into a CME; rather, the moving plasma is halted in the solar corona and usually seen to fall back. The first detailed observations of a confined filament eruption were obtained on 2002 May 27by the TRACE satellite in the 195 A band. So, in the Chapter 3, we focus on a flux rope instability model. A twisted flux rope can become unstable by entering the kink instability regime. We show that the kink instability, which occurs if the twist of a flux rope exceeds a critical value, is capable of initiating of an eruption. This model is tested against the well observed confined eruption on 2002 May 27 in a parametric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation study that comprises all phases of the event. Very good agreement with the essential observed properties is obtained, only except for a relatively poor matching of the initial filament height.
Therefore, in Chapter 4, we submerge the center point of the flux rope deeper below the photosphere to obtain a flatter coronal rope section and a better matching with the initial height profile of the erupting filament. This implies a more realistic inclusion of the photospheric line tying. All basic assumptions and the other parameter settings are kept the same as in Chapter 3. This complement of the parametric study shows that the flux rope instability model can yield an even better match with the observational data. We also focus in Chapters 3 and 4 on the magnetic reconnection during the confined eruption, demonstrating that it occurs in two distinct locations and phases that correspond to the observed brightenings and changes of topology, and consider the fate of the erupting flux, which can reform a (less twisted) flux rope.
The Sun also produces series of homologous eruptions, i.e. eruptions which occur repetitively in the same active region and are of similar morphology. Therefore, in Chapter 5, we employ the reformed flux rope as a new initial condition, to investigate the possibility of subsequent homologous eruptions. Free magnetic energy is built up by imposing motions in the bottom boundary, such as converging motions, leading to flux cancellation. We apply converging motions in the sunspot area, such that a small part of the flux from the sunspots with different polarities is transported toward the polarity inversion line (PIL) and cancels with each other. The reconnection associated with the cancellation process forms more helical magnetic flux around the reformed flux rope, which leads to a second and a third eruption. In this study, we obtain the first MHD simulation results of a homologous sequence of eruptions that show a transition from a confined to two ejective eruptions, based on the reformation of a flux rope after each eruption.
Introduction
Anthropometric and physical fitness data can predict sport-specific performance (e.g., canoe sprint race time) in young athletes. Of note, inter-item correlations (i.e., multicollinearity) may exist between tests assessing similar physical qualities. However, multicollinearity among tests may change across age and/or sex due to age-/sex-specific non-linear development of test performances. Therefore, the present study aimed at analyzing inter-item correlations between anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance data as a function of age and sex in young canoe sprint athletes.
Methods
Anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance data of 618 male and 297 female young canoe sprint athletes (discipline: male/female kayak, male canoe) were recorded during a national talent identification program between 1992 and 2019. For each discipline, a correlation matrix (i.e., network analysis) was calculated for age category (U13, U14, U15, U16) and sex including anthropometrics (e.g., standing body height, body mass), physical fitness (e.g., cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle power), and sport-specific performance (i.e., 250 and 2,000-m on-water canoe sprint time). Network plots were used to explore the correlation patterns by visual inspection. Further, trimmed means (mu(trimmed)) of inter-item Pearson's correlations coefficients were calculated for each discipline, age category, and sex. Effects of age and sex were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs.
Results
Visual inspection revealed consistent associations among anthropometric measures across age categories, irrespective of sex. Further, associations between physical fitness and sport-specific performance were lower with increasing age, particularly in males. In this sense, statistically significant differences for mu(trimmed) were observed in male canoeists (p < 0.01, xi = 0.36) and male kayakers (p < 0.01, xi = 0.38) with lower mu(trimmed) in older compared with younger athletes (i.e., >= U15). For female kayakers, no statistically significant effect of age on mu(trimmed) was observed (p = 0.34, xi = 0.14).
Discussion
Our study revealed that inter-item correlation patterns (i.e., multicollinearity) of anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance measures were lower in older (U15, U16) versus younger (U13, U14) male canoe sprint athletes but not in females. Thus, age and sex should be considered to identify predictors for sport-specific performance and design effective testing batteries for talent identification programs in canoe sprint athletes.