320 Politikwissenschaft
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (152)
- Part of a Book (89)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (27)
- Other (22)
- Doctoral Thesis (15)
- Review (9)
- Master's Thesis (5)
- Report (3)
- Working Paper (3)
- Postprint (2)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (330)
Keywords
- Germany (8)
- Integration (5)
- Security Council (5)
- World Bank (5)
- decision-making (5)
- Migration (4)
- Politikunterricht (4)
- digitalization (4)
- discourse (4)
- executive personalism (4)
- governance (4)
- human rights (4)
- international organisations (4)
- separation of powers (4)
- Australia (3)
- Deutschland (3)
- Föderalismus (3)
- bicameralism (3)
- civil war (3)
- counterterrorism (3)
- crisis (3)
- democracy (3)
- institutional design (3)
- international organizations (3)
- parliamentary government (3)
- political education (3)
- semi-parliamentary government (3)
- territorial reforms (3)
- terrorism (3)
- BSW (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Coordination (2)
- Eurobarometer (2)
- European Union (2)
- Ferdinand von Schirach (2)
- International (2)
- International Financial Institutions (2)
- Krise (2)
- Krisenmanagement (2)
- Liberia (2)
- Local authorities (2)
- Politikberatung (2)
- Politische Bildung (2)
- United Nations (2)
- authoritarianism (2)
- bias (2)
- climate change (2)
- constitutional design (2)
- contestation (2)
- crisis management (2)
- democratic theory (2)
- digital transformation (2)
- drug control (2)
- e-government (2)
- elections (2)
- feminism (2)
- gender (2)
- institutions (2)
- international (2)
- international law (2)
- international non-governmental organizations (2)
- international public administration (2)
- international relations (2)
- legal change (2)
- local government (2)
- margins of error (2)
- metamorphosis of international law (2)
- new public management (2)
- pandemic (2)
- patterns of democracy (2)
- peacebuilding (2)
- policy (2)
- policy advice (2)
- populism (2)
- presidential government (2)
- presidentialism (2)
- semi-parliamentarism (2)
- transitional justice (2)
- value change (2)
- (Justiz-) Roman (1)
- (post) new public management (1)
- 1848/49 revolution (1)
- AKP (1)
- Active learning (1)
- Administration (1)
- Administrative reform (1)
- AfD (1)
- Al-Qaida (1)
- Alternative für Deutschland (1)
- Anti-Imperialismus (1)
- Antifeminismus (1)
- Antisemitism (1)
- Antisemitismus (1)
- Arbeitsmarkt (1)
- Artefakte (1)
- Aufsatzsammlung (1)
- Augmented reality (1)
- Ausländerbehörde (1)
- Australien (1)
- Auswertung (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- Bedrohungsvorstellung (1)
- Benchmarking (1)
- Berliner Mauer (1)
- Beutelsbach consensus (1)
- Beutelsbacher Konsens (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Brasilien (1)
- Brazil (1)
- Bürgerbeteiligung (1)
- CORONA-Krise (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- CPPS (1)
- CPS (1)
- Chancengleichheit (1)
- Changing nature of armed conflict (1)
- China (1)
- Circular argumentation (1)
- Civic Education (1)
- Civil society (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Comparative Public Administration (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Conseil de sécurité (1)
- Consejo de Seguridad (1)
- Constitutive Mechanism (1)
- Coordination structures (1)
- Counterterrorism (1)
- Country experience (1)
- Covid-19-Pandemie (1)
- Daten (1)
- Decarbonisation (1)
- Decision Probability (1)
- Decoloniale Theorie (1)
- Dekarbonisierung (1)
- Demokratie (1)
- Demokratieförderung (1)
- Demokratietheorie (1)
- Der Fall Collini (1)
- Development cooperation (1)
- Dezentralisierung (1)
- Dicranopteris linearis (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Diskurs (1)
- Diskursanalyse (1)
- Diskurstheorie (1)
- EU external borders (1)
- EU-Außengrenzen (1)
- EU-Integration (1)
- Education (1)
- Effektivität (1)
- Egalitarismus (1)
- Electoral systems (1)
- Emanzipation (1)
- Energiesysteme (1)
- Energiewende (1)
- Enforcement (1)
- Entscheidungsunterstützung (1)
- Entwicklungstheorien (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Erde (1)
- Erdogan (1)
- Erneuerbare Energie (1)
- Erzählungen, (1)
- Europe (1)
- European Commission (1)
- European Green Deal (1)
- European Immigration Policies (1)
- Europäisierung (1)
- Existentialismus (1)
- Expert Authority (1)
- Federalism (1)
- Feminismus (1)
- Feministische Philosophie (1)
- Finanzrisiken (1)
- Flüchtlingskrise (1)
- Folter (1)
- Forms of government (1)
- Forschungsmethoden (1)
- Foucault (1)
- France (1)
- Frauen (1)
- Frauenbewegung (1)
- Frauenhass (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- GIZ (1)
- Gemeinden (1)
- Gender (1)
- Generalized knowledge constructin axiom (1)
- Gerechtigkeit (1)
- German science council (1)
- German women's movement (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gewalt (1)
- Gewaltenteilung (1)
- Global South (1)
- Global order (1)
- Gobernanza de los Comités (1)
- Green infrastructure investment (1)
- Grundwerte (1)
- Hackathon (1)
- Hanau (1)
- Hochkommissariat für Menschenrechte (OHCHR) (1)
- IMF (1)
- INGOs (1)
- Identität (1)
- Impartiality (1)
- Incels (1)
- Industry 4.0 (1)
- Informal reform (1)
- Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- Institutional change (1)
- Integration Policy (1)
- Integration strategy (1)
- Integrationspolitik (1)
- Interdisciplinary research (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- International Bureaucracies (1)
- International Monetary Fund (1)
- International Practices (1)
- International bureaucrats (1)
- International cooperation (1)
- International relations (1)
- Internationale Beziehungen (1)
- Internationalisierung (1)
- Internet of things (1)
- Investitionsverhalten (1)
- Investment Behavior (1)
- Irak (1)
- Iran (1)
- Iraq (1)
- Isla Vista (1)
- Juden (1)
- Kategorienbildung (1)
- Klassik (1)
- Klimagovernance (1)
- Klimakrise (1)
- Klimapolitik (1)
- Klimawandel (1)
- Koalitionsbildung (1)
- Kommune (1)
- Kompetenzen (1)
- Kontext (1)
- Kontroversität (1)
- Kontroversitätsgebot (1)
- Koordinierung (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- Lateinamerika (1)
- Legitimität (1)
- Lehrkompetenz (1)
- Leistungsverwaltung (1)
- Liberalismus (1)
- Lieferkettengesetz (1)
- Local Civil Society Networks (1)
- Local Governance (1)
- Local administrative systems (1)
- Local autonomy (1)
- Local government reform (1)
- Louise Otto-Peters (1)
- Lucha antiterrorista (1)
- Macht (1)
- Manosphere (1)
- Market Dynamics (1)
- Markt (1)
- Marktdynamik (1)
- Measurement theory (1)
- Media (1)
- Medien (1)
- Medizintechnik (1)
- Mehrebenen-System (1)
- Mehrebenensystem (1)
- Meinungsbildung (1)
- Mensch-Tier-Beziehung (1)
- Menschen- rechtserklärungen/-übereinkommen (1)
- Menschenrechte (1)
- Meta-model (1)
- Methodenpluralismus (1)
- Methodological pluralism (1)
- Migrants (1)
- Migration Policy (1)
- Migrationspolitik (1)
- Mikropolitik (1)
- Modellierung (1)
- Moderation (1)
- Monetary Fund (1)
- Municipalities (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Nachwuchsförderung (1)
- Narration (1)
- Narrationen (1)
- Narrative (1)
- National state communication (1)
- Negotiation (1)
- Neoliberalismus (1)
- Neutrality (1)
- New public management (1)
- Nicht-Beherrschung (1)
- Nicht-ideale Theorie (1)
- Norm collisions (1)
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1)
- Open Governance (1)
- Ordnungsverwaltung (1)
- Organisations (1)
- Othering (1)
- P/CVE (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Paris Agreement (1)
- Parteigeschlossenheit (1)
- Peacebuilding (1)
- Performance (1)
- Pluralismus (1)
- Poland (1)
- Policy (1)
- Policy Changes (1)
- Policy recommendations (1)
- Politikänderungen (1)
- Populismus (1)
- Poststrukturalismus (1)
- Potassium (1)
- Precedent (1)
- Proceso debido (1)
- Process modeling (1)
- Promoting young researchers (1)
- Prozessexpertise (1)
- Prozessgestaltung (1)
- Präferenzen (1)
- Public Management (1)
- Public opinion (1)
- Public-private partnerships (1)
- QCA (1)
- Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- Quality management (1)
- Rankings (1)
- Ratchet Effect (1)
- Recht (1)
- Rechtserziehung (1)
- Rechtsextremismus (1)
- Rechtsstaat (1)
- Rechtsterrorismus (1)
- Recipient performance (1)
- Reddit (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Religionsfreiheit (1)
- Renewable Energy (1)
- Republikanismus (1)
- Research methods (1)
- Responsibility to Protect (1)
- Revolution 1848/49 (1)
- Rio Conventions (1)
- Risikoauferlegung (1)
- Sachbearbeitung (1)
- Sanciones de la ONU (1)
- Sanktionen (1)
- Schulbuchanalyse (1)
- Sebastian Kurz (1)
- Security council (1)
- Security council reform (1)
- Semi-Parlamentarismus (1)
- Serene Khader (1)
- Sexismus (1)
- Sicherheit (1)
- Sicherheitspolitik (1)
- Sicherheitsrat (1)
- Sierra Leone (1)
- Simulation process building (1)
- Simulations (1)
- Social Choice Theory (1)
- Soziale Gleichheit (1)
- Sozialer Status (1)
- Soziologie (1)
- Staatliche Leistungsfähigkeit (1)
- Stakeholder (1)
- Storytelling (1)
- Strafgerichtsverfahren (1)
- Sub-national Autonomy (1)
- Sudan (1)
- Supervision (1)
- Survey (1)
- Sustainability indicators (1)
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (1)
- Sweden (1)
- Syria (1)
- Systemisches Risiko (1)
- Terrorismus (1)
- The Collini Case (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transformationsforschung (1)
- Transnationale Demokratie (1)
- Turkish politics (1)
- Types of democracy (1)
- UN (1)
- UN Security Council (1)
- UN human rights treaty bodies (1)
- UN sanctions (1)
- Umweltperformanz (1)
- Umweltpolitik (1)
- United Kingdom (1)
- Universalismus (1)
- Unterrichtskonzeption (1)
- Unterrichtsmedium (1)
- Use cases Morphologic box (1)
- Verflechtung (1)
- Verschwindenlassen (1)
- Verwaltung (1)
- Veto Player (1)
- Vetopunkte (1)
- Vetospieler (1)
- Weak and strong sustainability (1)
- West Africa (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- Winning Coalition (1)
- Wirksamkeit von Entwicklungspolitik (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wissenschaftsrat (1)
- Wissenssoziologie (1)
- actor constellations (1)
- administration (1)
- administrative culture (1)
- administrative reforms (1)
- advocacy coalitions (1)
- agency (1)
- aid (1)
- aid allocation (1)
- aid effectiveness (1)
- anthropocene (1)
- anti-gender (1)
- antifeminist (1)
- artefacts (1)
- authoritarian resilience (1)
- authoritarian rule (1)
- authority (1)
- borders (1)
- boundary spanning (1)
- bourgeoisie (1)
- burden of disease (1)
- bureaucracy (1)
- bürgerliches Frauenbild (1)
- capacity (1)
- child labour (1)
- citizen participation (1)
- citizenship (1)
- civil service survey (1)
- civilian infrastructure (1)
- climate and energy policy (1)
- climate finance (1)
- climate governance (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate policy (1)
- closing civic space (1)
- coalition formation (1)
- collaboration (1)
- collaborative governance (1)
- collective targeting (1)
- committee governance (1)
- comparative (1)
- comparative environmental politics (1)
- comparative public administration (1)
- competencies (1)
- complex problems (1)
- computerunterstütze Datenanalyse (1)
- conflict management (1)
- conflict resolution (1)
- consensus democracy (1)
- constitution-making (1)
- constitutional state (1)
- containment (1)
- contentious politics (1)
- coordination (1)
- corruption (1)
- criminal proceeding (1)
- crises (1)
- data (1)
- data and methods (1)
- de facto authority (1)
- de jure authority (1)
- death (1)
- death penalty (1)
- decarbonization (1)
- decentralization (1)
- delegation (1)
- deliberative Demokratie (1)
- democratic performance (1)
- democratization (1)
- dependency (1)
- development (1)
- development projects (1)
- dictatorship (1)
- digital government (1)
- digital overload (1)
- digitale Demokratie (1)
- digitale Verwaltung (1)
- direct democracy (1)
- direkte Demokratie (1)
- disability-adjusted life years (1)
- discrimination (1)
- doctrine (1)
- domestic politics (1)
- drivers for change (1)
- due process (1)
- e-services (1)
- earth system governance (1)
- ecological modernization (1)
- effective district magnitude (1)
- energy (1)
- environmental degradation (1)
- environmental mainstreaming (1)
- environmental policy (1)
- environmental policy effects (1)
- environmental policy performance (1)
- epistemic injustice (1)
- epistemische Ungerechtigkeit (1)
- europäische Einwanderungspolitiken (1)
- executive head (1)
- executive-parties dimension (1)
- executives (1)
- exekutiver Personalismus (1)
- expert authority (1)
- expert recommendations (1)
- expertise (1)
- facilitation (1)
- far right (1)
- far-right extremism (1)
- far-right groups (1)
- far-right parties (1)
- far-right populism (1)
- featured (1)
- federalism (1)
- fern (1)
- financial policy (1)
- fisheries policy (1)
- formale Modelle (1)
- fragile epistemische Subjekte (1)
- gender mainstreaming (1)
- gender research (1)
- geographical proximity (1)
- global commons (1)
- global environmental governance (1)
- global environmental politics (1)
- global governance (1)
- global health (1)
- global public policy (1)
- globale Umweltpolitik (1)
- globalization (1)
- gouvernance de comité (1)
- government policymaking (1)
- green finance (1)
- green recovery (1)
- hackathon (1)
- health security (1)
- health services (1)
- hermeneutical capability (1)
- hermeneutical injustice (1)
- hierarchy (1)
- higher education (1)
- history (1)
- hospitals (1)
- huella ecológica (1)
- human mind (1)
- human trafficking (1)
- human-animal relationship (1)
- impact evaluation (1)
- impartiality (1)
- incels (1)
- individual complaints procedures (1)
- information and communication technologies (1)
- institutional change (1)
- institutional interplay (1)
- institutional investors (1)
- institutional policy (1)
- institutional reform (1)
- institutional theory (1)
- inter-governmental relations (1)
- intergovernmental reforms (1)
- intergovernmental relations (1)
- intergovernmental treaty secretariats (1)
- international administration (1)
- international bureaucracy (1)
- international development (1)
- international institutions (1)
- international legal order (1)
- international organisation (1)
- international trade (1)
- internationale Beziehungen (1)
- job autonomy (1)
- job satisfaction (1)
- just transition (1)
- justice (1)
- land management (1)
- law (1)
- law education (1)
- legislative Erfolgsraten (1)
- legislative success rates (1)
- legislatures (1)
- legitimacy (1)
- liberalism (1)
- local and urban governance (1)
- local autonomy (1)
- local community (1)
- local finance (1)
- local government systems (1)
- local politics (1)
- lokale Autonomie (1)
- lokale Netzwerke der Zivilgesellschaft (1)
- lokale Verwaltung (1)
- lutte contre le terrorisme (1)
- male supremacy (1)
- managerial reforms (1)
- manosphere (1)
- marine governance (1)
- men's rights (1)
- meso-level of government (1)
- micro-politics (1)
- micropolitics (1)
- minority rights (1)
- misogyny (1)
- mixed methods (1)
- modernización ecológica (1)
- modernization (1)
- multi-level governance (1)
- multi-level government (1)
- multi-level system (1)
- multi-party systems (1)
- multilateralism (1)
- multiplicity (1)
- municipalities (1)
- narration (1)
- narrative approach (1)
- narrativer Ansatz (1)
- national ecological footprint (1)
- nativism (1)
- natural climate solutions (1)
- neo weberian state (1)
- neue Parteien (1)
- new parties (1)
- newsfeed (1)
- nineteenth and twentieth century (1)
- non-state actors (1)
- norm change (1)
- norm collisions (1)
- norm dynamics (1)
- norm robustness (1)
- norms (1)
- novel (1)
- open governance (1)
- opinion polls (1)
- orchestration (1)
- organization theory (1)
- organizational reform (1)
- organizational reputation (1)
- organizations (1)
- othering (1)
- parliamentary democracy (1)
- partizipative Demokratie (1)
- party competition (1)
- party unity (1)
- pathozentrische epistemische Ungerechtigkeit (1)
- peace (1)
- peace process (1)
- peacekeeping (1)
- performance (1)
- phytolith (1)
- planetary boundaries (1)
- policy agendas (1)
- policy analysis (1)
- policy output (1)
- policy scope (1)
- policy signals (1)
- policy strategy (1)
- policy substitutes (1)
- political campaigns (1)
- political equality (1)
- political repression (1)
- political science (1)
- political stability (1)
- politics (1)
- politics and the media (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- politische Einstellung (1)
- politische Kultur (1)
- politische Urteilsbildung (1)
- polling (1)
- polycrisis (1)
- política ambiental comparada (1)
- pooling (1)
- populist radical right (1)
- post-conflict peace (1)
- post-development (1)
- post-new public management (1)
- power (1)
- precedent (1)
- principle of controversy (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- process design (1)
- process expertise (1)
- process tracing (1)
- procédure officielle (1)
- protection (1)
- protest (1)
- public administration (1)
- public health (1)
- public management (1)
- public opinion polls (1)
- public participation (1)
- public sector reform (1)
- public value (1)
- public values (1)
- qualitative Daten (1)
- qualitative content analysis (1)
- racism (1)
- radical (1)
- radicalization (1)
- rationalism (1)
- re-municipalization (1)
- rebel attacks (1)
- regime complexity (1)
- regional organizations (1)
- regulación estatal (1)
- regulation (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- representation (1)
- research (1)
- resilience (1)
- responsibility (1)
- restoration (1)
- restrictions to civil society (1)
- right parties and movements (1)
- right-wing politics (1)
- sanctions (1)
- sanctions committee (1)
- sanctions de l’ONU (1)
- scholar-practitioners (1)
- school book analysis (1)
- science (1)
- science & technology (1)
- second-order compliance (1)
- security–development nexus (1)
- selection (1)
- self-governance (1)
- set theory (1)
- social closure (1)
- social epistemology (1)
- social networking sites (1)
- soziale Schließung (1)
- state (1)
- state repression (1)
- state security (1)
- storytelling (1)
- structural change (1)
- subnationale Autonomie (1)
- survey (1)
- survey experiment (1)
- survival analysis (1)
- teaching (1)
- teaching concept (1)
- teaching tool (1)
- termination (1)
- territorial administration (1)
- trade-offs (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transition policy (1)
- treadmill of production (1)
- triple nexus (1)
- turnout (1)
- un-cancelling the future (1)
- vergleichende öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
- violence (1)
- vote choice (1)
- vote switching (1)
- voters (1)
- voting (1)
- voting potential (1)
- weo-weberian State (1)
- window of opportunity (1)
- world bank (1)
- world-makers (1)
- ÖVP (1)
- Öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
- öffentliche Meinung (1)
Institute
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (330) (remove)
The United Nations (UN) policy agenda on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) promotes a “holistic” approach to counterterrorism, which includes elements traditionally found in security and development programs. Advocates of the agenda increasingly emphasize the importance of gender mainstreaming for counterterrorism goals. In this article, I scrutinize the merging of the goals of gender equality, security, and development into a global agenda for counterterrorism. A critical feminist discourse-analytical reading of gender representations in P/CVE shows how problematic imageries of women as victims, economic entrepreneurs, and peacemakers from both the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals and the Women, Peace and Security agenda are reproduced in core UN documents advocating for a “holistic” P/CVE approach. By highlighting the tensions that are produced by efforts to merge the different gender discourses across the UN’s security and development institutions, the article underlines the relevance of considering the particular position of P/CVE at the security–development nexus for further gender-sensitive analysis and policies of counterterrorism.
World Bank evaluations show that recipient performance varies substantially between different projects. Extant research has focused on country-level variables when explaining these variations. This article goes beyond country-level explanations and highlights the role of World Bank staff. We extend established arguments in the literature on compliance with the demands of International Organizations (IOs) and hypothesize that IO staff can shape recipient performance in three ways. First, recipient performance may be influenced by the quality of IO staff monitoring and supervision. Second, the leniency and stringency with which IO staff apply the aid agreement could improve recipient performance. Third, recipient performance may depend on whether IO staff can identify and mobilize supportive interlocutors through their networks in the recipient country. We test these arguments by linking a novel database on the tenure of World Bank task team leaders to projects evaluated between 1986 and 2020. The findings are consistent with the expectation that World Bank staff play an important role, but only in investment projects. There is substantial evidence that World Bank staff supervisory ability and country experience are linked to recipient performance in those projects. Less consistent evidence indicates that leniency could matter. These findings imply that World Bank staff play an important role in facilitating implementation of investment projects.
During COVID-19, various public institutions tried to shape citizens’ behaviour to slow the spread of the pandemic. How did their authority affect citizens’ support of public measures taken to combat the spread of COVID-19? The article makes two contributions. First, it presents a novel conceptualisation of authority as a source heuristic. Second, it analyses the authority of four types of public institutions (health ministries, universities, public health agencies, the WHO) in two countries (Germany and the UK), drawing on novel data from a survey experiment conducted in May 2020. On average, institutional endorsements seem to have mattered little. However, there is an observable polarisation effect where citizens who ascribe much expertise to public institutions support COVID-19 measures more than the control group. Furthermore, those who ascribe little expertise support them less than the control group. Finally, neither perception of biases nor exposure to institutions in public debates seems consistently to affect their authority.
Mediating power?
(2022)
The selection of the executive heads of international organisations represents a key decision in the politics of international organisations. However, we know little about what dynamics influence this selection. The article focuses on the nationality of selected executive heads. It argues that institutional design impacts the factors that influence leadership selection by shaping the costs and benefits of attaining the position for member states’ nationals. The argument is tested with novel data on the nationality of individuals in charge of 69 international organisation bureaucracies between 1970 and 2017. Two findings stand out: first, powerful countries are more able to secure positions in international organisations in which executive heads are voted in by majority voting. Second, less consistent evidence implies that powerful countries secure more positions when bureaucracies are authoritative. The findings have implications for debates on international cooperation by illustrating how power and institutions interact in the selection of international organisation executive heads.
Based upon the current debate on international practices with its focus on taken-for-granted everyday practices, we examine how Security Council practices may affect member state action and collective decisions on intrastate conflicts. We outline a concept that integrates the structuring effect of practices and their emergence from interaction among reflective actors. It promises to overcome the unresolved tension between understanding practices as a social regularity and as a fluid entity. We analyse the constitutive mechanisms of two Council practices that affect collective decisions on intrastate conflicts and elucidate how even reflective Council members become enmeshed with the constraining implications of evolving practices and their normative implications. (1) Previous Council decisions create precedent pressure and give rise to a virtually uncontested permissive Council practice that defines the purview for intervention into such conflicts. (2) A ratcheting practice forces opponents to choose between accepting steadily reinforced Council action, as occurred regarding Sudan/Darfur, and outright blockade, as in the case of Syria. We conclude that practices constitute a source of influence that is not captured by the traditional perspectives on Council activities as the consequence of geopolitical interests or of externally evolving international norms like the ‘responsibility to protect’ (R2P).
The chapter explores how the Security Council has reacted to the changing global order in terms of institutional reform and its working methods. First, we look at how the Security Council’s setup looks increasingly anachronistic against the tremendous shifts in global power. Yet, established and rising powers are not disengaging. In contrast, they are turning to the Council to address growing challenges posed by the changing nature of armed conflict, the surge of terrorism and foreign fighters, nuclear proliferation and persistent intra-state conflicts. Then, we explore institutional and political hurdles for Council reform. While various reform models have been suggested, none of them gained the necessary global support. Instead, we demonstrate how the Council has increased the representation of emerging powers in informal ways. Potential candidates for permanent seats and their regional counterparts are committed as elected members, peacekeeping contributors or within the Peacebuilding Commission. Finally, we analyze how innovatively the Council has reacted to global security challenges. This includes working methods reform, expansion of sanctions regimes and involvement of non-state actors. We conclude that even though the Council’s membership has not yet been altered, it has reacted to the changing global order in ways previously unaccounted for.
Sanktionen sind ein wichtiges Instrument des UN-Sicherheitsrats zur Erhaltung des Weltfriedens. Viele zentrale Entscheidungen, wie etwa die Listung und Entlistung terrorverdächtiger Personen, werden fernab der Öffentlichkeit in Sanktionsausschüssen getroffen. Die Einsetzung dieser Ausschüsse hat die Entscheidungsdynamiken im Rat erheblich verändert.
Analogy-based collective decision-making and incremental change in international organizations
(2021)
We examine how analogy-based collective decision-making of member states contributes to the endogenous emergence of informal rules and the incremental change of international organizations (IOs). Decision-making by analogy is an important characteristic of day-to-day decision-making in IOs. Relating current decisions to previous ones through analogies drives incremental change and simultaneously reinforces organizational resilience. Whereas the foreign policy analysis literature shows that analogies can be used as cognitive shortcuts in fuzzy and complex foreign policy situations, we focus on their use to overcome social ambiguity (indeterminacy) of coordination situations in IOs. Drawing on psychological conceptions, we develop two micro-level mechanisms that elucidate the effects of analogy-based collective decision-making in member-driven IOs. Analogy-based collective decisions emphasizing similarity between a current situation and previous ones follow an established problem schema and produce expansive and increasingly well-established informal rules. Collective decisions that are analogy-based but emphasize a crucial difference follow different problem schemas and trigger the emergence of additional informal rules that apply to new classes of cases. The result is an increasingly fine-grained web of distinct organizational solutions for a growing number of problems. Accordingly, an IO can increasingly facilitate collective decision-making and gains resilience. Empirically, we probe these propositions with a documentary analysis of decision-making in the Yugoslavia sanctions committee, established by the United Nations Security Council to deal with a stream of requests for exempting certain goods or services from the comprehensive economic embargo imposed on Yugoslavia in response to the War in the Balkans.
Little is known about how far-reaching decisions in UN Security Council sanctions committees are made. Developing a novel committee governance concept and using examples drawn from sanctions imposed on Iraq, Al-Qaida, Congo, Sudan and Iran, this book shows that Council members tend to follow the will of the powerful, whereas sanctions committee members often decide according to the rules. This is surprising since both Council and committees are staffed by the same member states.
Offering a fascinating account of Security Council micro-politics and decision-making processes on sanctions, this rigorous comparative and theory-driven analysis treats the Council and its sanctions committees as distinguishable entities that may differ in decision practice despite having the same members. Drawing extensively on primary documents, diplomatic cables, well-informed press coverage, reports by close observers and extensive interviews with committee members, Council diplomats and sanctions experts, it contrasts with the conventional wisdom on decision-making within these bodies, which suggests that the powerful permanent members would not accept rule-based decisions against their interests.
This book will be of interest to policy practitioners and scholars working in the broad field of international organizations and international relations theory as well as those specializing in sanctions, international law, the Security Council and counter-terrorism.
Dieser Beitrag reflektiert und ergänzt die aktuelle Diskussion über die Empfehlungen des Wissenschaftsrats zur Weiterentwicklung der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung. Wir richten dabei den Blick auf die vom Wissenschaftsrat attestierten Schwachstellen im Bereich empirisch-analytischer Methoden und erläutern ihre Auswirkungen auf Interdisziplinarität, Internationalität und Politikberatung der deutschen Friedens- und Konfliktforschung. Wir argumentieren, unter Verweis auf den Bericht des Wissenschaftsrats, dass eine breitere Methodenausbildung und -kenntnis von großer Bedeutung für interdisziplinäre und internationale Zusammenarbeit, aber auch für die Politikberatung ist. Zukünftige Initiativen innerhalb der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung sollten die Methodenvielfalt des Forschungsbereichs angemessen berücksichtigen und einen besonderen Fokus auf die Ausbildung im Bereich empirisch-analytischer Methoden legen, um das Forschungsfeld in diesem Bereich zu stärken. Unser Beitrag entspringt einer Diskussion innerhalb des Arbeitskreises „Empirische Methoden der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung“ der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Friedens- und Konfliktforschung.
How do active learning environments—by means of simulations—enhance political science students’ learning outcomes regarding different levels of knowledge? This paper examines different UN simulations in political science courses to demonstrate their pedagogical value and provide empirical evidence for their effectiveness regarding three levels of knowledge (factual, procedural and soft skills). Despite comprehensive theoretical claims about the positive effects of active learning environments on learning outcomes, substantial empirical evidence is limited. Here, we focus on simulations to systematically test previous claims and demonstrate their pedagogical value. Model United Nations (MUNs) have been a popular teaching device in political science. To gain comprehensive data about the active learning effects of MUNs, we collect data and evaluate three simulations covering the whole range of simulation characteristics: a short in-class simulation of the UN Security Council, a regional MUN with different committees being simulated, and two delegations to the National Model United Nations, for which the students prepare for 1 year. Comparative results prove that simulations need to address certain characteristics in order to produce extensive learning outcomes. Only comprehensive simulations are able to achieve all envisioned learning outcomes regarding factual and procedural knowledge about the UN and soft skills.
From the international perspective, the peace process in Liberia has generally been described as a successful model for international peacebuilding interventions. But how do Liberians perceive the peace process in their country? The aim of this paper is to complement an institutionalist approach looking at the security and justice mechanism in Liberia with some insights into local perceptions in order to answer the following question: how do Liberians perceive the peace process in their country and which institutions have been supportive for the establishment of sustaining peace? After briefly introducing the background of the Liberian conflict and the data collection, I present first results, analyzing the mechanism linking two peacebuilding institutions (peacekeeping and transitional justice) with the establishment of sustaining peace in Liberia.
What shapes peace, and how can peace be successfully built in those countries affected by armed conflict? This paper examines mpeacebuilding in the aftermath of civil wars in order to identify the conditions for post-conflict peace. The field of civil war research is
characterised by case studies, comparative analyses and quantitative research, which relate relatively little to each other. Furthermore, the complex dynamics of peacebuilding have hardly been investigated so far. Thus, the question remains of how best to enhance the prospects
of a stable peace in post-conflict societies. Therefore, it is necessary to capture the dynamics of post-conflict peace. This paper aims at helping to narrow these research gaps by 1) presenting the benefits of set theoretic methods for peace and conflict studies; 2) identifying remote conflict environment factors and proximate peacebuilding factors which have an influence on the peacebuilding process and 3) proposing a
set-theoretic multi-method research approach in order to identify the causal structures and mechanisms underlying the complex realm of post-conflict peacebuilding. By implementing this transparent and systematic comparative approach, it will become possible to discover
the dynamics of post-conflict peace.
This article investigates local perceptions of international peacebuilding in Sierra Leone and Liberia and explains the need for an inclusive framework addressing peace and justice at the same time. These neighbouring countries in West Africa not only share the burden of an intertwined conflict history but have also been described as prototypes for successful peacebuilding. However, both cases show striking differences with regard to the relative importance given to security and justice during the peace process and within the selected peacebuilding approaches. In Liberia, the peacebuilding framework was clearly sequenced, favouring security over justice. In Sierra Leone, it included a comprehensive TJ component, which was implemented alongside security-centred initiatives. In order to compare these two cases and to elaborate on the challenges of establishing both peace and justice in post-conflict settings with a more people-centred focus, we conducted expert interviews with (inter)national peacebuilding actors and opinion surveys, asking how the civilian populations themselves perceive the peace process and the effectiveness of international peacebuilding. The findings provide insights into local experiences with the inclusive peacebuilding framework implemented in Sierra Leone and the drawbacks of delaying justice and accountability in Liberia.
Why do exercises in collaborative governance often witness more impasse than advantage? This cumulative dissertation undertakes a micro-level analysis of collaborative governance to tackle this research puzzle. It situates micropolitics at the very center of analysis: a wide range of activities, interventions, and tactics used by actors – be they conveners, facilitators, or participants – to shape the collaborative exercise. It is by focusing on these daily minutiae, and on the consequences that they bring along, the study argues, that we can better understand why and how collaboration can become stuck or unproductive. To do so, the foundational part of this dissertation (Article 1) uses power as a sensitizing concept to investigate the micro-dynamics that shape collaboration. It develops an analytical approach to advance the study of collaborative governance at the empirical level under a power-sensitive and process-oriented perspective. The subsequent articles follow the dissertation's red thread of investigating the micropolitics of collaborative governance by showing facilitation artefacts' interrelatedness and contribution to the potential success or failure of collaborative arrangements (Article 2); and by examining the specialized knowledge, skills and practices mobilized when designing a collaborative process (Article 3). The work is based on an abductive research approach, tacking back and forth between empirical data and theory, and offers a repertoire of concepts – from analytical terms (designed and emerging interaction orders, flows of power, arenas for power), to facilitation practices (scripting, situating, and supervising) and types of knowledge (process expertise) – to illustrate and study the detailed and constant work (and rework) that surrounds collaborative arrangements. These concepts sharpen the way researchers can look at, observe, and understand collaborative processes at a micro level. The thesis thereby elucidates the subtleties of power, which may be overlooked if we focus only on outcomes rather than the processes that engender them, and supports efforts to identify potential sources of impasse.
This chapter operationalizes the three fundamental concepts of this study. It outlines what counts as authoritarian rule, it explains how to recognize dissent in non-democratic contexts, and it debates how to quantify repression in the shadow of the politicized discourse on human rights. First, the chapter opts to classify every political regime as authoritarian that fails to elect its executive or legislature in free and competitive elections. Second, the chapter proposes to see dissent through the lens of campaigns, i.e., series of connected contentious events that involve large-scale collective action and formulate far-reaching political demands. Finally, after some elaboration on the problems involved in measuring political repression reliably and validly, the chapter turns to rescaled versions of the Human Rights Protection Scores 2.04 and the V-Dem 6.2 political civil liberties index as indicators for violence and restrictions. This choice of indicators of repression is, finally, defended against three central objections: the separability of violence from restrictions, the so-called information paradox, and, finally, differences in the timing of violence and restrictions.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt der Fokus auf jungen russischsprachigen Jüdinnen und Juden, deren Eltern in den 90er Jahren des 20 Jahrhunderts nach Deutschland eingewandert sind. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wird der Bildungsweg dieser MigrantInnengruppe und deren Erfahrungen in Deutschland aus der biographischen Perspektive nachvollzogen. Der Fokus wird insbesondere auf die biographischen Lebenserfahrungen gelegt, d.h. die allgemeinen Lebensumstände, Hürden und Schwierigkeiten, die die jungen russischsprachigen Jüdinnen und Juden in Deutschland überwinden mussten, um auf ihrem Bildungsweg an ihr Ziel zu kommen. Des Weiteren werden die Rolle des sozialen Umfelds auf die Auswahl ihres Bildungsweges sowie ihre Zugehörigkeit und ihr Beitrag zur deutschen Gesellschaft beleuchtet. Ein weiteres Hauptaugenmerk dieser Arbeit liegt auf den gesellschaftlichen, politischen und familiären Rahmenbedingungen, die den BiographInnen den Zugang zum Bildungsweg ermöglichten.
Die in der Arbeit formulierten Forschungsfragen wurden mithilfe der interpretativen Sozialforschung, genauer, der fallrekonstruktiven Auswertung nach Gabriele Rosenthal beantwortet.
Über den biographischen Verlauf der Lebensgeschichte der jungen russischsprachigen Jüdinnen und Juden wurde deutlich, dass die BiographInnen in die säkulare Gesellschaft gehen müssen, um ihren Bildungsweg erfolgreich zu gestalten. Dort erfahren sie einen sehr starken Antisemitismus und sind diesem schutzlos ausgeliefert. Bei allen drei Interviewten wurde diese Erfahrung in der Schule gemacht, an einem Ort, an dem sie Schutz erfahren sollten. Diesen Anfeindungen begegneten sie auf unterschiedliche Weise und sie entwickelten verschiedene Handlungsstrategien. Einige BiographInnen setzen sich auf der intellektuellen Ebene bewusst damit auseinander, andere wiederum versuchen, nicht hinzuschauen und es zu ignorieren.
Des Weiteren wurde als Resultat der Untersuchung in einigen Fällen ein übereinstimmendes, in anderen ein nicht übereinstimmendes Passungsverhältnis zwischen elterlichen Vorstellungen und den Bildungswegen der jungen russischsprachigen Jüdinnen und Juden gefunden.
Jointly with the Global North, the rise of the Global South has come at a high cost to the environment. Driven by its high energy intensity and the use of fossil fuels, the South has contributed a significant portion of global emissions during the last 30 years, and is now contributing some 63% of today's total GHG emissions (including land-use change and forestry). Similar to the Global North, the Global South's emissions are heavily concentrated: India and China alone account for some 60% and the top 10 countries for some 78% of the group's emissions, while some 120 countries account for only 22%. Without highlighting such differences, it makes little sense to use the term 'Global South'. Its members are affected differently, and contribute differently to global climate change. They neither share a common view, nor do they pursue joint interests when it comes to international climate negotiations. Instead, they are organised into more than a dozen subgroups of the global climate regime. There is no single climate strategy for the Global South, and climate action will differ enormously from country to country. Furthermore, just and equitable transitions may be particularly challenging for some countries.