320 Politikwissenschaft
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (467)
- Postprint (457)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (186)
- Part of a Book (114)
- Doctoral Thesis (59)
- Master's Thesis (30)
- Review (20)
- Other (13)
- Part of Periodical (11)
- Report (5)
Keywords
- Germany (99)
- Deutschland (89)
- European Union (65)
- Europäische Union (59)
- Außenpolitik (54)
- Integration (41)
- Polen (40)
- USA (38)
- Poland (35)
- Afghanistan (29)
- Migration (25)
- Internationale Politik (23)
- Europa (22)
- International Politics (21)
- Iran (21)
- EU (20)
- Europe (20)
- NATO (19)
- Lateinamerika (18)
- Bürgerschaft (17)
- Politische Theorie (17)
- democracy (17)
- Demokratie (16)
- Entwicklungspolitik (16)
- Klimapolitik (16)
- Latin America (16)
- Consolidation (15)
- Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (15)
- Peace and Conflict Studies (15)
- Russia (15)
- Russland (15)
- Sicherheitspolitik (15)
- Vertiefung (15)
- Deutsche Außenpolitik (14)
- German Foreign Policy (14)
- climate policy (14)
- development policy (14)
- foreign policy (14)
- Nachhaltigkeit (13)
- Arbeitsmarkt (12)
- Armut (12)
- Climate Change Conference (12)
- Durban 2011 (12)
- German foreign policy (12)
- Interessen (12)
- Klima (12)
- Klimakonferenz (12)
- NGO (12)
- climate (12)
- foreign Policy (12)
- national interests (12)
- Afrika (11)
- Autoritarismus (11)
- China (11)
- Foreign Policy (11)
- Grundsicherung (11)
- Naher Osten (11)
- Ressourcen (11)
- Islam (10)
- Middle East (10)
- Militär (10)
- Menschenrechte (9)
- authoritarianism (9)
- deutsche Außenpolitik (9)
- Africa (8)
- Foreign policy (8)
- Israel (8)
- Modernisierung (8)
- Politik (8)
- Realpolitik (8)
- Terrorismus (8)
- Transformation (8)
- parliamentary government (8)
- terrorism (8)
- Abrüstung (7)
- Demokratisierung (7)
- Eurokrise (7)
- Finanzkrise (7)
- Governance (7)
- Internet (7)
- Machtpolitik (7)
- Osteuropa (7)
- Resozialisierung (7)
- Security Policy (7)
- Wahlen (7)
- Zentraleuropa (7)
- governance (7)
- international organizations (7)
- military (7)
- presidential government (7)
- Central Europe (6)
- Disarmament (6)
- France (6)
- Frankreich (6)
- Föderalismus (6)
- Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik (6)
- Geopolitik (6)
- Human Rights (6)
- Internationale Beziehungen (6)
- Kapitalismus (6)
- Krieg (6)
- Medien (6)
- Türkei (6)
- Zentralasien (6)
- Zivilgesellschaft (6)
- bicameralism (6)
- digitale Demokratie (6)
- transition (6)
- Atomwaffen (5)
- Brasilien (5)
- Common Foreign and Security Policy (5)
- European foreign policy (5)
- Europäische Integration (5)
- Geopolitics (5)
- Globalisierung (5)
- International Relations (5)
- Labour market (5)
- Mexico (5)
- Mexiko (5)
- Modernization (5)
- Nuclear Weapons (5)
- Pakistan (5)
- Partizipation (5)
- Political System (5)
- Politisches System (5)
- Security Council (5)
- UNO (5)
- US foreign policy (5)
- Vereinte Nationen (5)
- Verwaltung (5)
- Wechsel (5)
- World Bank (5)
- civil-military relations (5)
- decision-making (5)
- human rights (5)
- innovation (5)
- labour market (5)
- opposition (5)
- semi-parliamentary government (5)
- Ägypten (5)
- Beschäftigungspolitik (4)
- Books (4)
- Brandenburg (4)
- Bücher (4)
- DDR (4)
- Democracy (4)
- E-democracy (4)
- Eastern Europe (4)
- Egypt (4)
- Euro (4)
- European Foreign Policy (4)
- European integration (4)
- Finanzmärkte (4)
- Großbritannien (4)
- Hegemonie (4)
- Indien (4)
- Iraq war (4)
- Japan (4)
- Krise (4)
- Nahostkonflikt (4)
- Neoliberalismus (4)
- Opposition (4)
- Ostpolitik (4)
- Palestine (4)
- Palästina (4)
- Political Science (4)
- Politikunterricht (4)
- Politikwissenschaft (4)
- Revolution (4)
- Sicherheit (4)
- Sowjetunion (4)
- Staat (4)
- Süd- und Mittelamerika (4)
- Südafrika (4)
- UN (4)
- United Nations (4)
- Wirtschaft (4)
- civil society (4)
- civil war (4)
- decentralization (4)
- digitalization (4)
- employment policy (4)
- globalization (4)
- institutions (4)
- international organisations (4)
- internet (4)
- media (4)
- modernization (4)
- policy (4)
- political elites (4)
- politische Eliten (4)
- public administration (4)
- resilience (4)
- resocialization (4)
- security policy (4)
- transatlantic relations (4)
- visions of democracy (4)
- zivil-militärische Beziehungen (4)
- Apartheid (3)
- Arabischer Frühling (3)
- Belgien (3)
- Belgium (3)
- Bundeswehr (3)
- Central Asia (3)
- Chile (3)
- Coordination (3)
- Dezentralisierung (3)
- Diplomatie (3)
- EU-Constitutional Treaty (3)
- EU-Verfassungsvertrag (3)
- Energy Policy (3)
- European Neighbourhood Policy (3)
- Europäische Nachbarschaftspolitik (3)
- Eurozone (3)
- Financial Crisis (3)
- Financial markets (3)
- GDR (3)
- GIZ (3)
- Gender (3)
- Georgien (3)
- Geschichte (3)
- Great Britain (3)
- Herrschaft (3)
- India (3)
- Innenpolitik (3)
- International relations (3)
- Internationale Organisationen (3)
- Italien (3)
- Klimawandel (3)
- Komparatistik (3)
- Kosovo (3)
- Mehrebenensystem (3)
- Mehrfachpolarität (3)
- Nuklearwaffen (3)
- Parteien (3)
- Reform (3)
- Rohstoffe (3)
- Soviet Union (3)
- Sozialpolitik (3)
- Spain (3)
- State (3)
- Ukraine (3)
- Umweltpolitik (3)
- Vergangenheitsbewältigung (3)
- Verteidigungspolitik (3)
- Verwaltungsmodernisierung (3)
- Wachstum (3)
- War (3)
- Weltordnung (3)
- Wirtschaftspolitik (3)
- administration (3)
- borders (3)
- capacity (3)
- climate change (3)
- comparative studies (3)
- contestation (3)
- democratic theory (3)
- democratization (3)
- ethnicity (3)
- evaluation (3)
- executive personalism (3)
- gender (3)
- globalisation (3)
- growth (3)
- history (3)
- institutional design (3)
- international law (3)
- international relations (3)
- local government (3)
- multipolarity (3)
- new public management (3)
- participation (3)
- peacekeeping (3)
- policy analysis (3)
- political education (3)
- political equality (3)
- power (3)
- power policy (3)
- public management (3)
- resocialisation (3)
- revolution (3)
- separation of powers (3)
- territorial reforms (3)
- transformation (3)
- transitional justice (3)
- value change (3)
- Administration (2)
- African Union (2)
- Allemagne (2)
- Annotationen (2)
- Annotations (2)
- Antisemitismus (2)
- Arbeitsmarktpolitik (2)
- Arbeitspolitik (2)
- Armament (2)
- Arms Trade (2)
- Asia (2)
- Australia (2)
- Authoritarianism (2)
- BRD (2)
- Behördenrufnummer D115 (2)
- Belarus (2)
- Bildung (2)
- Book Review (2)
- Brazil (2)
- Buchbesprechung (2)
- Bulgarien (2)
- Bürgerbeteiligung (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Cartoon (2)
- Central and Eastern Europe (2)
- Climate Policy (2)
- Colombia (2)
- Comparative Public Administration (2)
- Democratisation (2)
- Demokratieförderung (2)
- Demokratietheorie (2)
- Diskursanalyse (2)
- Drogen (2)
- E-Government (2)
- EU-Constitution (2)
- EU-Verfassung (2)
- Economic Policy (2)
- Editorial (2)
- Education (2)
- Elections (2)
- Elite (2)
- Energiepolitik (2)
- Energiewende (2)
- Entwicklung (2)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (2)
- Erdogan (2)
- Estonia (2)
- Eurobarometer (2)
- European Constitution (2)
- European employment strategy (2)
- Europäische Verfassung (2)
- Europäisierung (2)
- Executive-legislative relations (2)
- Federalism (2)
- Ferdinand von Schirach (2)
- Friedenssicherung (2)
- G8 (2)
- Gaza (2)
- Georgia (2)
- German-Polish Relationship (2)
- Gesetzgebung (2)
- Gewerkschaften (2)
- Gleichstellung (2)
- Great power (2)
- Greece (2)
- Grenzen (2)
- Großmacht (2)
- Holocaust (2)
- Hybridstaat (2)
- ISAF (2)
- Idealismus (2)
- Index (2)
- Inhaltsanalyse (2)
- Inhaltsverzeichnis (2)
- Innovation (2)
- International (2)
- International Financial Institutions (2)
- International Organisations (2)
- Irak (2)
- Irak-Krieg (2)
- Iraq (2)
- Islamismus (2)
- Jemen (2)
- Karikatur (2)
- Kenia (2)
- Kenya (2)
- Kerneuropa (2)
- Klimaanpassung (2)
- Kolumbien (2)
- Kommentar (2)
- Kommunikation (2)
- Konfliktmanagement (2)
- Koordinierung (2)
- Korruption (2)
- Krisenmanagement (2)
- Kuba (2)
- Legislative organisation (2)
- Leserbriefe (2)
- Letters to the Editor (2)
- Liberia (2)
- Libya (2)
- Libyen (2)
- Local authorities (2)
- Marktwirtschaft (2)
- Migrationspolitik (2)
- Minderheiten (2)
- Modellierung (2)
- Moderne (2)
- Modernisierungstheorie (2)
- Multilevel-Governance (2)
- NGOs (2)
- Neue Weltordnung (2)
- Nordkorea (2)
- North Korea (2)
- Obama (2)
- Organisation (2)
- Paris Agreement (2)
- Parlamentarismus (2)
- Political Theory (2)
- Politics (2)
- Politikberatung (2)
- Politische Bildung (2)
- Power policy (2)
- Quality management (2)
- REDD (2)
- Real Socialism (2)
- Realsozialismus (2)
- Rechenschaftspflicht (2)
- Recht (2)
- Rechtsextremismus (2)
- Rechtsradikalismus (2)
- Regierung (2)
- Regulierung (2)
- Religion (2)
- Replicas (2)
- Repliken (2)
- Reviews (2)
- Rezensionen (2)
- Rohstoffpolitik (2)
- Rüstung (2)
- SCO (2)
- SPD (2)
- Sanktionen (2)
- Saying (2)
- Schweden (2)
- Sicherheitsrat (2)
- Sierra Leone (2)
- Solidarität (2)
- South Africa (2)
- Sozialismus (2)
- Spanien (2)
- Spruch (2)
- Stadtverordnetenversammlung (2)
- Sudan (2)
- Südamerika (2)
- TRC (2)
- Taliban (2)
- Telekommunikation (2)
- Terrorism (2)
- Totalitarianism (2)
- Totalitarismus (2)
- Transatlantische Beziehungen (2)
- Transformationsforschung (2)
- Truth- and Reconciliation Commission (2)
- Turkey (2)
- United States (2)
- Venezuela (2)
- Vergangenheitspolitik (2)
- Verwaltungsreform (2)
- Völkerrecht (2)
- Waffenhandel (2)
- Wahrheits- und Versöhnungs Kommission (2)
- Wasser (2)
- Welthandel (2)
- World War II (2)
- Yemen (2)
- accountability (2)
- administrative reforms (2)
- aid effectiveness (2)
- amerikanische Außenpolitik (2)
- authority (2)
- bias (2)
- citizenship (2)
- climate mitigation (2)
- collective memory (2)
- committee governance (2)
- common foreign and security policy (2)
- conflict management (2)
- constitutional design (2)
- cooperation (2)
- coordination (2)
- counterterrorism (2)
- crisis (2)
- debt (2)
- defence policy (2)
- democratisation (2)
- deutsch-polnische Beziehungen (2)
- development (2)
- digital transformation (2)
- digitalisation (2)
- direct democracy (2)
- direkte Demokratie (2)
- discourse (2)
- drug control (2)
- e-government (2)
- economy (2)
- elections (2)
- electoral systems (2)
- environmental policy (2)
- expert authority (2)
- expertise (2)
- federalism (2)
- feminism (2)
- financial regulation (2)
- food security governance (2)
- good governance (2)
- hegemony (2)
- higher education (2)
- hybrid state (2)
- industrial relations (2)
- institutional complexity (2)
- institutional interplay (2)
- inter-organizational order (2)
- inter-organizational relations (2)
- international (2)
- international bureaucracies (2)
- international cooperation (2)
- international legal order (2)
- international non-governmental organizations (2)
- international public administration (2)
- international security (2)
- international terrorism (2)
- internationale Zusammenarbeit (2)
- internationaler Terrorismus (2)
- job demands-resources model (2)
- labour markets (2)
- land management (2)
- law (2)
- legal change (2)
- lokale Behörden (2)
- metamorphosis of international law (2)
- migration (2)
- modernity (2)
- modernization theory (2)
- multi-level study (2)
- narratives (2)
- natural climate solutions (2)
- neue Weltordnung (2)
- new world order (2)
- norm change (2)
- norms (2)
- nuclear weapons (2)
- organizational fields (2)
- parliamentarism (2)
- parliamentary opposition (2)
- parties (2)
- party competition (2)
- patterns of democracy (2)
- peace (2)
- peace process (2)
- peacebuilding (2)
- policy advice (2)
- policy-making (2)
- political culture (2)
- political science (2)
- politics (2)
- politische Kultur (2)
- power politics (2)
- presidentialism (2)
- process tracing (2)
- protection (2)
- radical right (2)
- reform (2)
- representation (2)
- research communication (2)
- restoration (2)
- skills (2)
- social movements (2)
- social policy (2)
- societal impact of research (2)
- soziale Bewegung (2)
- soziale Bewegungen (2)
- state (2)
- sustainable economy (2)
- telework (2)
- trust (2)
- unemployment (2)
- veto players (2)
- violence (2)
- welfare state (2)
- wicked problems (2)
- work-place behavior (2)
- Öffentliche Verwaltung (2)
- öffentliche Verwaltung (2)
- (Justiz-) Roman (1)
- (post) new public management (1)
- 1848/49 revolution (1)
- 1914 (1)
- 2 degrees C target (1)
- 2. Weltkrieg (1)
- 21. Jahrhundert (1)
- 3C (1)
- AKP (1)
- Abendland (1)
- Absolute Advantage (1)
- Absoluter Kostenvorteil (1)
- Accountability (1)
- Active learning (1)
- Adam Smith (1)
- Administrative reform (1)
- Adoption (1)
- Affiliationsnetzwerke (1)
- African American literature (1)
- Afrikanische Union (1)
- Agrarpolitik (1)
- Agrarsektor/Estland (1)
- Agricultural Policy (1)
- Aid conditionalities (1)
- Air pollution (1)
- Akteursinteraktion (1)
- Al-Qaida (1)
- Algeria (1)
- Algerien (1)
- Alternative Bildung (1)
- Anpassungsmaßnahmen (1)
- Anti-Imperialismus (1)
- Antisemitism (1)
- Arab Spring (1)
- Arabic Spring (1)
- Arbeitslosigkeit (1)
- Arbeitsmärkte (1)
- Arbeitswelt (1)
- Argentina (1)
- Argentinien (1)
- Armed Forces (1)
- Armenia (1)
- Armenien (1)
- Arms Control (1)
- Army (1)
- Artefakte (1)
- Asange (1)
- Aserbaidschan (1)
- Asien (1)
- Asyl (1)
- Atomkonflikt (1)
- Atompolitik (1)
- Atomwaffensperrvertrag (1)
- Aufsatzsammlung (1)
- Augmented reality (1)
- Ausländerbehörde (1)
- Ausländerpolitik (1)
- Ausschüsse (1)
- Australian bicameralism (1)
- Auswertung (1)
- Authoritarian Regime (1)
- Autocratic regimes (1)
- Autokratie (1)
- Autokratische Regime (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- Autoritarism (1)
- Autoritäres Regime (1)
- Außenhandel (1)
- Azerbaijan (1)
- BRIC (1)
- BRICS (1)
- Balkanstaaten (1)
- Baltikum (1)
- Baskenland (1)
- Basque Region (1)
- Begrünung (1)
- Belastung (1)
- Benchmarking (1)
- Bergbau (1)
- Bergoglio (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Berliner Mauer (1)
- Beschaffungswesen (1)
- Beteiligung (1)
- Beutelsbach consensus (1)
- Beutelsbacher Konsens (1)
- Bevölkerungswachstum (1)
- Bevölkerungswissenschaft (1)
- Bioethik (1)
- Border Control (1)
- Brasil (1)
- Buenos Aires (1)
- Bulgaria (1)
- Bundesländer (1)
- Bundesnachrichtendienst (1)
- Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (1)
- Bürgerdienste (1)
- Bürgerkrieg (1)
- Bürgerschaftliches Engagement (1)
- CDM (1)
- CDU/CSU (1)
- CEE (1)
- CESCR Committee (1)
- CORONA-Krise (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- CPPS (1)
- CPS (1)
- Cabinet (1)
- Cambodia (1)
- Cameron (1)
- Cameroon (1)
- Campaign finance (1)
- Capitalism (1)
- Carl Schmitt (1)
- Case studies (1)
- Catalonia (1)
- Catholicism (1)
- Caudillismo (1)
- Central America (1)
- Centrope-Region (1)
- Change (1)
- Changing nature of armed conflict (1)
- Character (1)
- Christian Realism (1)
- Christlicher Realismus (1)
- Circular argumentation (1)
- Cities (1)
- Citizenship (1)
- Civic Education (1)
- Civil War (1)
- Civil service career (1)
- Civil society (1)
- Clientelism (1)
- Climate Change (1)
- Climate adaptation (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Climate change adaptation (1)
- Climate governance (1)
- Cluster (1)
- Clusterpolitik (1)
- Comment (1)
- Communication (1)
- Comparative Advantage (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Conference Record (1)
- Conference Records (1)
- Conflict Management (1)
- Conflicts (1)
- Conscription (1)
- Conseil de sécurité (1)
- Consejo de Seguridad (1)
- Constitutive Mechanism (1)
- Content Analysis (1)
- Coordination structures (1)
- Core Europe (1)
- Corruption (1)
- Corruption risks (1)
- Counterterrorism (1)
- Country experience (1)
- Cuba (1)
- Cultural Foreing Policy (1)
- Cybersicherheit (1)
- Czech Republic (1)
- DIE LINKE (1)
- Daten (1)
- Decarbonisation (1)
- Decentralization in government (1)
- Decentralized Globalism (1)
- Decision Probability (1)
- Decoloniale Theorie (1)
- Defence policy (1)
- Dekarbonisierung (1)
- Democracy Promotion (1)
- Democratization (1)
- Der Fall Collini (1)
- Design Thinking (1)
- Deutsch-Ostafrika (1)
- Deutsch-polnische Beziehungen (1)
- Deutsche Aßenpolitik (1)
- Deutsche Entwicklungspolitik (1)
- Deutsches Reich (1)
- Development Cooperation (1)
- Development Policy (1)
- Development aid (1)
- Development aid End of history (1)
- Development aid criticism (1)
- Development cooperation (1)
- Dezentralisation (1)
- Dezentralisierter Globalismus (1)
- Dicranopteris linearis (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Digitalwirtschaft (1)
- Diskurs (1)
- Diskurstheorie (1)
- Drogenhandel (1)
- Drogenpolitik (1)
- Drohnen (1)
- Drug Policy (1)
- Drugs (1)
- Durchsetzung (1)
- ECOWAS (1)
- EU Enlargement (1)
- EU external borders (1)
- EU regional policy (1)
- EU-Außengrenzen (1)
- EU-Beitrittsprozeß (1)
- EU-Erweiterung (1)
- EU-Integration (1)
- EU-Membership (1)
- EU-Regionalpolitik (1)
- EU-Vollmitgliedschaft (1)
- East Germany (1)
- Eastern policy (1)
- Economic policy (1)
- Economy (1)
- Edikt (1)
- Edouard Glissant (1)
- Effektivität (1)
- Effizienzanalyse (1)
- Egalitarismus (1)
- Ehrenamt (1)
- Einkommen (1)
- Einkommensverteilung (1)
- Election Campaigns (1)
- Electoral systems (1)
- Eliten (1)
- Emanzipation (1)
- Energiepolitk (1)
- Energiesysteme (1)
- Energiewirtschaft (1)
- Energy Economics (1)
- Enforcement (1)
- Entscheidungsunterstützung (1)
- Entwicklung und Sicherheit (1)
- Entwicklungshilfe (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit mit Indien (1)
- Environmental Policy (1)
- Equal opportunities (1)
- Erinnerungspolitik (1)
- Erneuerbare Energie (1)
- Ernsthaftigkeit (1)
- Ernährung (1)
- Erster Weltkrieg (1)
- Erweiterung (1)
- Erzählungen, (1)
- Estland (1)
- Ethnien (1)
- Eurasian Economic Union (1)
- Eurasian Union (1)
- Eurasiche Union (1)
- Eurocentrism (1)
- Europa / Sicherheitspolitik (1)
- Europa 2020 (1)
- Europaidentität (1)
- Europapolitik (1)
- Europe 2020 (1)
- European Commission (1)
- European Convention (1)
- European Green Deal (1)
- European Immigration Policies (1)
- European Integration (1)
- European Neighborhood Policy (1)
- European Parliament (1)
- European Policy (1)
- European Political Cooperation (1)
- European constitution (1)
- European constitutional treaty (1)
- European financial markets (1)
- European identity (1)
- European security policy (1)
- European-African relations (1)
- Europeanization (1)
- Europäisch-Afrikanische Beziehungen (1)
- Europäische Außenpolitik (1)
- Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention (4. November 1950) (1)
- Europäische Union / Erweiterung (1)
- Europäische Zusammenarbeit (1)
- Europäischer Konvent (1)
- Europäisches Parlament (1)
- Euroskeptizismus (1)
- Evaluierung (1)
- Evidence-based policy making (1)
- Evolutionary economics (1)
- Evolutorische Ökonomik (1)
- Existentialismus (1)
- Expert Authority (1)
- Expertenautorität (1)
- Exterritorialität (1)
- Extreme weather (1)
- FDP (1)
- Failing State (1)
- Federal administration (1)
- Feministische Philosophie (1)
- Festschrift (1)
- Fidel Castro (1)
- Fiedel Castro (1)
- Finalität (1)
- Financial Policy (1)
- Finanzen (1)
- Finanzmarkt (1)
- Finanzpolitik (1)
- Finanzrisiken (1)
- Finanzwesen (1)
- Flucht (1)
- Flüchtlingskrise (1)
- Folter (1)
- Forces (1)
- Forms of government (1)
- Forschungsfreiheit (1)
- Forschungsmethoden (1)
- Foucault (1)
- Fraktion (1)
- Frame-Analyse (1)
- Framing (1)
- France Allemagne (1)
- Franco (1)
- Franco-Dictatorship (1)
- Franco-Diktatur (1)
- Franco-Prussian War (1)
- Frankreich Deutschland (1)
- Franquism (1)
- Franquismus (1)
- Frauenbewegung (1)
- Freihandelsabkommen (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- Freiwilligenmanagement (1)
- Friede (1)
- Frieden (1)
- Friedenserhalt (1)
- Friedensforschung (1)
- Friedensprozess (1)
- Föderalstaat (1)
- GASP (1)
- GREVIO (1)
- Galwan Valley (1)
- Game (1)
- Geberharmonisierung (1)
- Geheimdienste (1)
- Geldwäsche (1)
- Gemeindem (1)
- Gemeinden (1)
- Generalized knowledge constructin axiom (1)
- Geneva convention of 1864 (1)
- George W. Bush (1)
- George W. Bush <Jr.> (1)
- Georgian Republic (1)
- Gerald Gaus (1)
- Gerechtigkeit (1)
- German Greens (1)
- German Reunification (1)
- German armed forces (1)
- German development policy (1)
- German science council (1)
- German women's movement (1)
- Geschichte der internationalen Beziehungen (1)
- Geschichtswahrnehmung (1)
- Gesellschaft (1)
- Gesellschaftstheorie (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gewalt (1)
- Ghana (1)
- Gipfel (1)
- Gleichgewicht der Kräfte (1)
- Gleichstellungspolitik (1)
- Global Economic Crisis (1)
- Global Environmental Governance (1)
- Global Governance (1)
- Global South (1)
- Global Trade (1)
- Global Zero (1)
- Global order (1)
- Global warming potential (1)
- Globalisation (1)
- Globalisisierung (1)
- Globalization (1)
- Gobernanza de los Comités (1)
- Grand Coalition (1)
- Green infrastructure investment (1)
- Grenzkontrolle (1)
- Grenzüberschreitende Flüsse (1)
- Griechenland (1)
- Große Koalition (1)
- Grundlagen der Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Grundwerte (1)
- Gründungsberatung (1)
- Gründungsförderung (1)
- Gründungsunterstützung (1)
- Grüne (1)
- Guerilla (1)
- Gönnerschaft (1)
- HFCS (1)
- Hackathon (1)
- Haiti (1)
- Hamburg (1)
- Hammarskjöld (1)
- Hanoi (1)
- Hart (1)
- Hegemony (1)
- Heiliger Krieg (1)
- Helden (1)
- Heroes (1)
- Herrschaftssysteme (1)
- Hessen (1)
- Higher education (1)
- History (1)
- Hitze (1)
- Hochkommissariat für Menschenrechte (OHCHR) (1)
- Hochschulgründungen (1)
- Hochschulgründungsförderung (1)
- Holy War (1)
- Hybridstaaten (1)
- IB-Konstruktivismus (1)
- IB-Theorien (1)
- IHL (1)
- IHRL (1)
- IMF (1)
- INGOs (1)
- IR-theories (1)
- ISIS (1)
- Idealism (1)
- Identität (1)
- Ideologie (1)
- Immigration Integration Policy (1)
- Impartiality (1)
- Income (1)
- Indo-Pacific (1)
- Indonesia (1)
- Industry 4.0 (1)
- Infant mortality (1)
- Informal and formal (1)
- Informal reform (1)
- Informationsflüsse (1)
- Initiative „europäische Hochschulnetzwerke“ (1)
- Institut für Internationale Beziehungen (1)
- Institute for International Relations (1)
- Institution (1)
- Institutional change (1)
- Institutionelle Komplexität (1)
- Institutionen (1)
- Integration Policy (1)
- Integration strategy (1)
- Integrationspolitik (1)
- Integrationsstrategie (1)
- Interdisciplinary research (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- Interkulturalität (1)
- International Bureaucracies (1)
- International Migration (1)
- International Monetary Fund (1)
- International Organizations (1)
- International Practices (1)
- International Relations Theory (1)
- International bureaucrats (1)
- International cooperation (1)
- International law (1)
- International policy (1)
- International realationships (1)
- International relations theories (1)
- International trade (1)
- Internationale Beziehung (1)
- Internationale Migration (1)
- Internationalisierung (1)
- Internet of things (1)
- Internetforum (1)
- Internetökonomie (1)
- Interventionismus (1)
- Interview (1)
- Investitionsverhalten (1)
- Investment Behavior (1)
- Iranian Domestic Policy (1)
- Iraq crisis (1)
- Ironie (1)
- Islamic law (1)
- Islamic movements (1)
- Islamisches Recht (1)
- Islamism (1)
- Israeli-Palestinian conflict (1)
- Istanbul Convention (1)
- Italy (1)
- Jawaharlal Nehru (1)
- Jerusalem (1)
- Jewish question (1)
- Jinping (1)
- John McCloy (1)
- Jordan (1)
- Jordanien (1)
- Juden (1)
- Jugendkultur (1)
- Jugendliche (1)
- Kambodscha (1)
- Kamerun (1)
- Kapital (1)
- Kasachstan (1)
- Katalonien (1)
- Kategorienbildung (1)
- Kaukasus (1)
- Kazakhstan (1)
- Kinder (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendbeirat (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendgremien (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendparlament (1)
- Kinderrechte (1)
- Kindersterblichkeit (1)
- Klassik (1)
- Kleinwaffen (1)
- Klientelismus (1)
- Klimagovernance (1)
- Klimakrise (1)
- Koalition (1)
- Kolonialismus (1)
- Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Kommunale Verwaltung (1)
- Kommune (1)
- Komparativer Kostenvorteil (1)
- Kompetenzen (1)
- Konferenzbericht (1)
- Konferenzberichte (1)
- Konflikte (1)
- Konkurrenz (1)
- Konservatismus (1)
- Kontext (1)
- Kontroversität (1)
- Kontroversitätsgebot (1)
- Konvent (1)
- Kooperation (1)
- Koordination (1)
- Korruptionsrisiken (1)
- Kosovo conflict (1)
- Kosovokonflikt (1)
- Kriegsschuld (1)
- Kriegswirtschaft (1)
- Kriminalität (1)
- Kultur (1)
- Kulturaußenpolitik (1)
- Kulturwissenschaft (1)
- Kyoto Protocol (1)
- Kyoto-Protokoll (1)
- Kyrgyzstan (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- Labor supply (1)
- Labour politics (1)
- Ladder of Participation (1)
- Landscape planning (1)
- Landtag (1)
- Landtage (1)
- Landwehr (1)
- Landwirtschaftsverwaltung (1)
- Law and economics (1)
- Left parties (1)
- Leftism (1)
- Legislative process (1)
- Legislativer Konflikt (1)
- Legitimation strategies (1)
- Legitimationsstrategien (1)
- Legitimität (1)
- Lehrkompetenz (1)
- Leistungsverwaltung (1)
- Liberalismus (1)
- Lieferkettengesetz (1)
- Lifetime income (1)
- Linke Parteien (1)
- Linksextremismus (1)
- Lisbon Treaty (1)
- Literaturbericht (1)
- Literature Report (1)
- Local Civil Society Networks (1)
- Local Governance (1)
- Local administrative systems (1)
- Local autonomy (1)
- Local government reform (1)
- Longitudinal and panel data (1)
- Louise Otto-Peters (1)
- Lucha antiterrorista (1)
- MOE (1)
- Macht (1)
- Management control (1)
- Managerial autonomy (1)
- Market Dynamics (1)
- Market economy (1)
- Market failure (1)
- Markt (1)
- Marktdynamik (1)
- Marktversagen (1)
- Marokko (1)
- Massenvernichtungswaffen (1)
- Max Weber (1)
- Mayoralty (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Measurement theory (1)
- Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (1)
- Media (1)
- Mediation (1)
- Medizintechnik (1)
- Mehrebenen-System (1)
- Mensch-Tier-Beziehung (1)
- Menschen- rechtserklärungen/-übereinkommen (1)
- Menschenrecht (1)
- Menschenrechtspolitik (1)
- Meta-model (1)
- Methane (1)
- Methoden (1)
- Methodenpluralismus (1)
- Methodological pluralism (1)
- Methods (1)
- Middle East conflict (1)
- Middle-East Conflict (1)
- Mideast Conflict (1)
- Migranten (1)
- Migrants (1)
- Migration Policy (1)
- Mikropolitik (1)
- Military (1)
- Militärausgaben (1)
- Militärdiktatur (1)
- Minijobs (1)
- Minister (1)
- Ministerialverwaltung/Estland (1)
- Ministries (1)
- Minorities (1)
- Missing rich (1)
- Mittelamerika (1)
- Mitteleuropa (1)
- Mixed methods (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Modellstadt (1)
- Moderation (1)
- Monetary Fund (1)
- Monetary Policy (1)
- Morocco (1)
- Multiculturalism (1)
- Multikulturalismus (1)
- Multilateralismus (1)
- Multilevel system (1)
- Municipalities (1)
- NATO / Schnelle Eingreiftruppe (1)
- NROs (1)
- NSA (1)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Nachruf (1)
- Nachwuchsförderung (1)
- Naher und Mittlerer Osten (1)
- Nahost (1)
- Narration (1)
- Narrationen (1)
- Narrative (1)
- Nation State (1)
- Nation-building (1)
- National Socialism (1)
- National state communication (1)
- Nationalismus (1)
- Nationalsozialismus (1)
- Nationalstaat (1)
- Nazi Germany (1)
- Negotiation (1)
- Nelson Mandela (1)
- Neo-institutionalismus (1)
- Neo-liberalism (1)
- Neoliberalism (1)
- Neonazis (1)
- Netherlands (1)
- Netzwerkanalyse (1)
- Neue Bundesländer (1)
- Neutrality (1)
- New Public Management (1)
- New World Order (1)
- New public management (1)
- Nicaragua (1)
- Nicht-Beherrschung (1)
- Nicht-Gleichgewichtsökonomik (1)
- Nicht-ideale Theorie (1)
- Nichtstaatliche Organisation (1)
- Nichtverbreitung von Kernwaffen (1)
- Nigeria (1)
- No-Spy-Abkommen (1)
- Non-equilibrium economics (1)
- Nordafrika (1)
- Nordeuropa (1)
- Nordrhein-Westfalen (1)
- Norm collisions (1)
- North Africa (1)
- Norwegen (1)
- Nuclear Conflict (1)
- Nuclear non-proliferation (1)
- Nuklear (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Obituary (1)
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1)
- Online-voting (1)
- Onlineabstimmung (1)
- Open Governance (1)
- Operation Euphrates Shield (1)
- Oranienburg (1)
- Ordnungsverwaltung (1)
- Organisations (1)
- Organizational change (1)
- Organizational innovation (1)
- Orthodoxy (1)
- Othering (1)
- P/CVE (1)
- PID (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Papst (1)
- Paradigm (1)
- Paradigma (1)
- Paraguay (1)
- Pareto distribution (1)
- Paris agreement (1)
- Parliamentary questions (1)
- Parteiensystem (1)
- Parties (1)
- Partizipationsleiter (1)
- Pazifik (1)
- Peace Studies (1)
- Peacebuilding (1)
- Peacekeeping (1)
- Performance (1)
- Performance management (1)
- Permanent income (1)
- Peru (1)
- Philosophie (1)
- Philosophy (1)
- Piketty (1)
- Pilotmaßnahmen (1)
- Piraterie (1)
- Pluralismus (1)
- Policy (1)
- Policy Changes (1)
- Policy advice (1)
- Policy recommendations (1)
- Policymaking (1)
- Political Economy (1)
- Political Governance (1)
- Political Problems (1)
- Political civil servant (1)
- Political craft (1)
- Political economy Socio-economic development (1)
- Political establishment (1)
- Politicisation (1)
- Politikdiffusion (1)
- Politikempfehlungen (1)
- Politikfeldanalyse (1)
- Politiktransfer (1)
- Politikverdrossenheit (1)
- Politikänderungen (1)
- Politische Herrschaft (1)
- Politische Probleme (1)
- Polizei (1)
- Polizeireform (1)
- Population increase (1)
- Populism (1)
- Portrait (1)
- Portät (1)
- Poststrukturalismus (1)
- Potassium (1)
- Potsdam (1)
- Potsdamer Stadtgeschichte (1)
- Potsdamer Toleranzedikt (1)
- Pragmatismus (1)
- Precedent (1)
- President Trump (1)
- Price floor (1)
- Price review (1)
- Privatisierung (1)
- Privatwirtschaft (1)
- Privileged Partnership (1)
- Privilegierte Partnerschaft (1)
- Proceso debido (1)
- Process modeling (1)
- Procurement (1)
- Professionalisierung (1)
- Professionalisierung der Stadträte (1)
- Progressive Education (1)
- Promoting young researchers (1)
- Protest Parties (1)
- Protestantism (1)
- Proteste (1)
- Protestparteien (1)
- Prozessanalyse (1)
- Prozessexpertise (1)
- Prozessgestaltung (1)
- Präferenzen (1)
- Public Management (1)
- Public opinion (1)
- Public sector (1)
- Public-private partnerships (1)
- Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (1)
- QCA (1)
- Quad (1)
- Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (1)
- Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- Qualität des Projektmanagements (1)
- Querfrontbildung (1)
- Raimund Krämer (1)
- Rankings (1)
- Ratchet Effect (1)
- Ratifikationsprozess (1)
- Ratifizierungsverfahren (1)
- Raumfahrtindustrie (1)
- Raw Materials (1)
- Recht auf Bildung (1)
- Rechtserziehung (1)
- Rechtspopulismus (1)
- Rechtsradikalität (1)
- Rechtsstaat (1)
- Rechtsstaatlichkeit (1)
- Recipient performance (1)
- Reform der EU (1)
- Reform des Öffentlichen Dienstes (1)
- Reformbedarf (1)
- Regierungsfähigkeit (1)
- Regierungskooperation (1)
- Regierungsstabilität (1)
- Regierungssystem (1)
- Regime (1)
- Regimewechsel in Lateinamerika (1)
- Regional states (1)
- Regionalism (1)
- Regionalismus (1)
- Regionalmacht (1)
- Regionalpolitik (1)
- Regulationstheorie (1)
- Regulierung der Finanzmärkte (1)
- Reichtum (1)
- Religionsfreiheit (1)
- Remembrance Politics (1)
- Renewable Energy (1)
- Rentier State (1)
- Rentierstaat (1)
- Reparationen (1)
- Reparations (1)
- Repräsentation (1)
- Republikanismus (1)
- Reputation der Geber (1)
- Research methods (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Resource Politics (1)
- Responsibility to Protect (1)
- Revolution 1848/49 (1)
- Rezension (1)
- Right to Education (1)
- Rights of Children (1)
- Rio Conventions (1)
- Risikoauferlegung (1)
- Risikokommunikation (1)
- Rockmusik (1)
- Rohani (1)
- Rohstoffpartnerschaft (1)
- Rohstoffstrategie (1)
- Ruling System (1)
- Rüstungskontrolle (1)
- STATT Partei (1)
- STATT Party (1)
- Sachbearbeitung (1)
- Sachsen-Anhalt (1)
- Sanciones de la ONU (1)
- Sanctions (1)
- Scharia (1)
- Schill (1)
- Schulbuchanalyse (1)
- Schusswaffen (1)
- Schutztruppe (1)
- Scientific Writing (1)
- Security council (1)
- Security council reform (1)
- Senegal (1)
- Senftenberg (1)
- Serene Khader (1)
- Sharia (1)
- Short-lived climate pollutants (1)
- Sicherheitsstrategien (1)
- Simmel (1)
- Simulation process building (1)
- Simulations (1)
- Slovakia (1)
- Slowakei (1)
- Social Choice Theory (1)
- Social Movements (1)
- Social class (1)
- Social development (1)
- Socialism (1)
- Soft Power (1)
- Softpower (1)
- Solidarity (1)
- Somalia (1)
- South Afrika (1)
- South America (1)
- South Korea (1)
- South and Central America (1)
- Soziale Bewegungen (1)
- Soziale Entwicklung (1)
- Soziale Gleichheit (1)
- Sozialer Status (1)
- Sozialisation (1)
- Sozialstaat (1)
- Sozialversicherung (1)
- Soziologie (1)
- Space (1)
- Staatliche Leistungsfähigkeit (1)
- Staatsaufbau (1)
- Staatsgewalt (1)
- Staatszerfall (1)
- Stadtbürgerschaft (1)
- Stadtplanung (1)
- Stadtrat (1)
- Stakeholder (1)
- Stammzellforschung (1)
- Starkregen (1)
- Start-up advice (1)
- Start-up funding (1)
- Start-up support (1)
- State violence (1)
- Stein's reform for city administration (1)
- Steinsche Städteordnung (1)
- Steueroasen (1)
- Steuersystem (1)
- Storytelling (1)
- Strafgerichtsverfahren (1)
- Streitkräfte (1)
- Strukturfonds (1)
- Studentenforum (1)
- Sub-Sahara Africa (1)
- Sub-national Autonomy (1)
- Supermacht (1)
- Supervision (1)
- Survey (1)
- Sustainability indicators (1)
- Sustainable Development (1)
- Sweden (1)
- Synergien (1)
- System Dynamics (1)
- System failure (1)
- Systemisches Risiko (1)
- Systemversagen (1)
- Szenario (1)
- Südeuropa (1)
- Südkegel (1)
- Südkorea (1)
- Südsudan (1)
- TTIP (1)
- Teilhabe der BürgerInnen (1)
- Territorialkonflikte (1)
- Terroristenfinanzierung (1)
- Thailand (1)
- The Balkans (1)
- The Collini Case (1)
- The media (1)
- Theocracy (1)
- Theokratie (1)
- Theorie der Internationalen Beziehungen (1)
- Theorie der internationalen Beziehungen (1)
- Toleranz (1)
- Trade Union (1)
- Traditionalism (1)
- Traditionalismus (1)
- Transferablity (1)
- Transformation research (1)
- Transformationstheorie (1)
- Transformationstheorien (1)
- Transition (1)
- Transitional Justice (1)
- Transnationale Demokratie (1)
- Transparenz (1)
- Transsexualität (1)
- Trump phenomenon (1)
- Truth Commissions (1)
- Tschechien (1)
- Turkish military in Syria (1)
- Turkish politics (1)
- Twinning (1)
- Types of democracy (1)
- U.S. Armed Forces (1)
- UE (1)
- UN Security Council (1)
- UN sanctions (1)
- UN-REDD (1)
- US-Außenpolitik (1)
- USA-Politics (1)
- USA-Politik (1)
- Ukraine war (1)
- Ultimatum (1)
- Umweltperformanz (1)
- Ungleichheit (1)
- Unilateralismus (1)
- Union européenne (1)
- United Kingdom (1)
- Universalismus (1)
- University of Potsdam (1)
- University start-up funding (1)
- University start-ups (1)
- Universität Potsdam (1)
- Unternehmensführung (1)
- Unterrichtskonzeption (1)
- Unterrichtsmedium (1)
- Use cases Morphologic box (1)
- UÇK (1)
- Vatikan (1)
- Velayate Faqih (1)
- Vereintes Königreich (1)
- Verfahrensrecht (1)
- Verfassungsvertrag (1)
- Verflechtung (1)
- Verschwindenlassen (1)
- Versöhnung (1)
- Vertag von Lissabon (1)
- Vertrag von Lissabon (1)
- Vertrauen (1)
- Verträge (1)
- Verwaltungsreformen (1)
- Verwaltungswissenschaft (1)
- Veränderung (1)
- Veto Player (1)
- Vetopunkte (1)
- Vetospieler (1)
- Vietnamese (1)
- Vietnamesen (1)
- Violence (1)
- Waffenhandelsabkommen (1)
- Wahl (1)
- Wahlkampf (1)
- Wahlkampffinanzierung (1)
- Wahrheitskommissionen (1)
- Waltz (1)
- Wandel (1)
- Wannsee conference (1)
- Wasserentwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Wasserkonflikte (1)
- Wasserversorgung (1)
- Water (1)
- Weak and strong sustainability (1)
- Wealth distribution (1)
- Weber (1)
- Weberian bureaucracy (1)
- Wehrpflicht (1)
- Weißrussland (1)
- WeltTrends (1)
- Weltbevölkerungsbericht (1)
- Weltraum (1)
- Weltwirtschaft (1)
- Weltwirtschaftskrise (1)
- Wertschöpfungsketten (1)
- West Africa (1)
- Westerplatte (1)
- Westjordanland (1)
- Wettbewerbsrecht (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- Widerstand (1)
- Winning Coalition (1)
- Wirksamkeit der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Wirtschaftskrise (1)
- Wirtschaftstheorie (1)
- Wirtschaftswachstum (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wissenschaftliches Schreiben (1)
- Wissenschaftsrat (1)
- Wissensmanagement (1)
- Wissenssoziologie (1)
- Wissenstransfer (1)
- Wohlfahrtsstaatsforschung (1)
- World Trade (1)
- World order (1)
- Währungspolitik (1)
- Yiddish culturalism (1)
- Zapatistas (1)
- Zapatisten (1)
- Zusammenarbeit in Sicherheitsfragen (1)
- Zweiter Weltkrieg (1)
- acteurs non-étatiques (1)
- active labor market policies (1)
- actor constellations (1)
- actor interplay (1)
- adapatation measures (1)
- administración pública (1)
- administration publique (1)
- advocacy coalitions (1)
- aerospace industry (1)
- affiliation networks (1)
- agency (1)
- agent-based modeling (1)
- agentes no estatales (1)
- agricultural policy (1)
- aid (1)
- aid allocation (1)
- al-Bab Battle (1)
- al-Qaeda (1)
- analysis of efficiency (1)
- anniversary issue (1)
- anthropocene (1)
- application (1)
- area studies (1)
- arms control (1)
- artefacts (1)
- attitudes (1)
- authoritarian regimes (1)
- authoritarian resilience (1)
- authoritarian rule (1)
- autocracy (1)
- autoritäre Regime (1)
- balance of power (1)
- balancing (1)
- baltic states (1)
- behavior (1)
- benefit systems (1)
- border regime (1)
- boundary spanning (1)
- bourgeoisie (1)
- burden of disease (1)
- bureaucratic-patrimonial state (1)
- bureaucraties internationales (1)
- burocracias internacionales (1)
- bürgerliches Frauenbild (1)
- bürokratisch-patrimonialer Staat (1)
- candidates (1)
- capabilities framework (1)
- capital market (1)
- capitalism (1)
- caudillismo (1)
- challenges for international law (1)
- child labour (1)
- childcare (1)
- children (1)
- children and youth parliament (1)
- children's and young people's advisory councils (1)
- citizen participation (1)
- citizen services (1)
- city council (1)
- civic culture (1)
- civil service reform (1)
- civil service survey (1)
- civilsociety (1)
- clientelism (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate and energy policy (1)
- climate change mitigation (1)
- climate finance (1)
- climate governance (1)
- climate politics (1)
- closing civic space (1)
- cluster (1)
- cluster policy (1)
- coalition (1)
- coalitions (1)
- coercion (1)
- collaboration (1)
- collaborative governance (1)
- collective identity (1)
- communication (1)
- comparative (1)
- comparative development (1)
- comparative environmental politics (1)
- comparative public administration (1)
- competencies (1)
- competition (1)
- competition law (1)
- competitiveness (1)
- complex problems (1)
- computerunterstütze Datenanalyse (1)
- concept of the political (1)
- conceptualization (1)
- conduct of life (1)
- conflict (1)
- conflict resolution (1)
- cono sur (1)
- consensus (1)
- consensus democracy (1)
- conservatism (1)
- constitution-making (1)
- constitutional state (1)
- contentious politics (1)
- contractor/provider split (1)
- convention (1)
- conventional donors (1)
- core Europe (1)
- corporate governance (1)
- corruption (1)
- counterinsurgency (1)
- criminal proceeding (1)
- crises (1)
- crisis management (1)
- cross-cultural competence (1)
- cross-national (1)
- cultural studies (1)
- culture (1)
- culture-general skills (1)
- cyber-attack (1)
- cyberwar (1)
- data (1)
- data and methods (1)
- de facto authority (1)
- de jure authority (1)
- death (1)
- death penalty (1)
- decadence (1)
- decarbonization (1)
- definition (1)
- delegation (1)
- deliberation (1)
- deliberative Demokratie (1)
- democratic performance (1)
- democratic quality (1)
- democrazy (1)
- demografischer Wandel (1)
- demographic change (1)
- dependency (1)
- design options (1)
- deutsch-französisch (1)
- deutsche Wiedervereinigung (1)
- developing countries (1)
- development aid India (1)
- development and security (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- development projects (1)
- dictatorship (1)
- die Niederlande (1)
- difference-in-differences (1)
- digital democracy (1)
- digital economy (1)
- digital government (1)
- digital overload (1)
- digitale Verwaltung (1)
- disability-adjusted life years (1)
- discourse analysis (1)
- discrimination (1)
- discriminatory dimensions of forced evictions (1)
- discussion (1)
- diversified quality production (1)
- doctrine (1)
- domestic policy (1)
- domestic politics (1)
- domestic work (1)
- domination (1)
- donor harmonization (1)
- donor reputation (1)
- dritte förderale Ebene (1)
- drivers for change (1)
- droit de la concurrence (1)
- drugs (1)
- due process (1)
- e-services (1)
- earth system governance (1)
- ecological modernization (1)
- economic growth (1)
- economic policy (1)
- economical theory (1)
- economics (1)
- edict (1)
- effective district magnitude (1)
- employment (1)
- employment policies (1)
- employment services (1)
- energy (1)
- energy revolution (1)
- enjeu européen (1)
- enlargement (1)
- ensuring state (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- environmental degradation (1)
- environmental mainstreaming (1)
- environmental policy effects (1)
- environmental policy performance (1)
- epistemic injustice (1)
- epistemische Ungerechtigkeit (1)
- equal opportunities (1)
- ethics (1)
- europäische Außenpolitik (1)
- europäische Beschäftigungspolitik (1)
- europäische Beschäftigungsstrategie (1)
- europäische Einwanderungspolitiken (1)
- europäische Finanzmärkte (1)
- europäische Integration (1)
- europäische Verfassung (1)
- evidence-based policy making (1)
- evolutionary economics (1)
- executive head (1)
- executive-legislative relations (1)
- executive-parties dimension (1)
- executives (1)
- experiment (1)
- expert recommendations (1)
- extremism (1)
- facilitation (1)
- family policies (1)
- fern (1)
- field experiment (1)
- field theory (1)
- film (1)
- financial architecture (1)
- financial markets (1)
- financial policy (1)
- finanzielle Regulierung (1)
- fire arms (1)
- fiscal system (1)
- fisheries policy (1)
- flexibility (1)
- fluctuation (1)
- forced evictions (1)
- formale Institution (1)
- formale Modelle (1)
- fragile and conflict-affected states (1)
- fragile epistemische Subjekte (1)
- fragile und konfliktbeladene Staaten (1)
- frame-analysis (1)
- franco-allemand (1)
- franco-german (1)
- francs-tireurs (1)
- function of cross-cultural competence (1)
- future of capitalism (1)
- gender equality (1)
- gender mainstreaming (1)
- genre (1)
- geographical proximity (1)
- german unification process (1)
- german-polish relations (1)
- global commons (1)
- global environmental governance (1)
- global environmental politics (1)
- global governance (1)
- global health (1)
- global public policy (1)
- global south (1)
- globale Umweltpolitik (1)
- gouvernance de comité (1)
- government (1)
- government formation (1)
- government policymaking (1)
- government stability (1)
- government system (1)
- government-formation (1)
- green finance (1)
- green recovery (1)
- greening (1)
- growth strategy (1)
- gute Regierungsführung (1)
- hackathon (1)
- haushaltsnahe Dienstleistung (1)
- health security (1)
- health services (1)
- heat (1)
- heavy rain (1)
- herkömmliche Geber (1)
- hermeneutical capability (1)
- hermeneutical injustice (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- history of international relations (1)
- history of the city of Potsdam (1)
- household services (1)
- huella ecológica (1)
- human mind (1)
- human rights treaty monitoring bodies (1)
- human trafficking (1)
- human-animal relationship (1)
- hybrid states (1)
- idealism (1)
- identity (1)
- ideology (1)
- immigration (1)
- impact evaluation (1)
- impartiality (1)
- indigene Völker (1)
- indigenous peoples (1)
- industrial organization (1)
- industrial restructuring (1)
- industrielle Beziehungen (1)
- information and communication technologies (1)
- information flow (1)
- informelle Institution (1)
- initiative „European University Networks“ (1)
- initiative „universités européenne“ (1)
- innovation adoption (1)
- innovation systems (1)
- institutional change (1)
- institutional investors (1)
- institutional policy (1)
- institutional processes (1)
- institutional reform (1)
- institutional theory (1)
- institutionelle Komplexität (1)
- integration (1)
- intelligence service (1)
- inter-governmental relations (1)
- inter-organizational control (1)
- intercultural communication (1)
- intercultural competence (1)
- interdepartmental committee (1)
- interdisciplinarity (1)
- interest group (1)
- intergovernmental cooperation (1)
- intergovernmental reforms (1)
- intergovernmental treaty secretariats (1)
- interkulturelle Kompetenz (1)
- interministerielle Arbeitsgruppe (1)
- internal migration (1)
- international administration (1)
- international bureaucracy (1)
- international development (1)
- international human rights (1)
- international humanitarian law (1)
- international institutions (1)
- international organisation (1)
- international politics (1)
- international trade (1)
- internationale Beziehungen (1)
- internationale Institutionen (1)
- internationale Organisationen (1)
- internationale Politik (1)
- internationale Verwaltungen (1)
- internationales Recht (1)
- interne Migration (1)
- internet discussion forum (1)
- internet economy (1)
- interoperability (1)
- interpretative declarations (1)
- intertextuality (1)
- iranische Innenpolitik (1)
- irony (1)
- irregular Migration (1)
- irreguläre Migration (1)
- islamistische Bewegungen (1)
- issue market (1)
- job autonomy (1)
- job satisfaction (1)
- job search (1)
- just transition (1)
- justice (1)
- knowledge (1)
- knowledge creep (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- knowledge transfer (1)
- knowledge utilization (1)
- kollektive Identität (1)
- kollektives Gedächtnis (1)
- kulturell-kognitive Institution (1)
- labor force participation (1)
- labor market policies (1)
- labour politics (1)
- latin america (1)
- law and technology (1)
- law education (1)
- law-making (1)
- leadership (1)
- legal framework of municipal (1)
- legislative conflict (1)
- legislative studies (1)
- legislatures (1)
- legitimacy (1)
- levee en masse (1)
- liberalism (1)
- lifestyle (1)
- local and urban governance (1)
- local autonomy (1)
- local community (1)
- local finance (1)
- local governance (1)
- local government systems (1)
- local politics (1)
- lokale Autonomie (1)
- lokale Netzwerke der Zivilgesellschaft (1)
- lokale Verwaltung (1)
- long-term policy (1)
- low wage sector (1)
- lutte contre le terrorisme (1)
- majority formation (1)
- majority rule (1)
- managerial reforms (1)
- manufacturing (1)
- marginality (1)
- margins of error (1)
- marine governance (1)
- market economy (1)
- market failures (1)
- marketization (1)
- measurement (1)
- meso-level of government (1)
- micro-credit (1)
- micro-politics (1)
- micropolitics (1)
- migration policy (1)
- military culture (1)
- military effectiveness (1)
- military expenses (1)
- ministry of agriculture (1)
- minorities (1)
- minority rights (1)
- model city (1)
- modernización ecológica (1)
- monopoly of legitimate use of force (1)
- mots clés (1)
- multi level system (1)
- multi-level governance (1)
- multi-level government (1)
- multi-party systems (1)
- multilateralism (1)
- multilaterism (1)
- multinational oganizations (1)
- multiplicity (1)
- municipalities (1)
- municipally owned corporation (1)
- myth of Franktireurkrieg (1)
- narration (1)
- narrative approach (1)
- narrativer Ansatz (1)
- national ecological footprint (1)
- national ministries (1)
- nationale Ministerien (1)
- nationale staatliche Kommunikation (1)
- nationalism (1)
- nativism (1)
- neo weberian state (1)
- neo-Nazis (1)
- neo-liberal governance (1)
- neo-liberalism (1)
- neo-patrimonial regimes (1)
- neoliberalism (1)
- neopatrimoniale Regierungen (1)
- network analysis (1)
- neue Geber (1)
- neuer Institutionalismus (1)
- new democracies (1)
- new donors (1)
- new technologies (1)
- newsfeed (1)
- nineteenth and twentieth century (1)
- non-alignment; (1)
- non-equilibrium economics (1)
- non-state actors (1)
- nonprofit (1)
- nonstate actors (1)
- norm collisions (1)
- norm dynamics (1)
- norm robustness (1)
- novel (1)
- nuclear non-proliferation treaty (1)
- open governance (1)
- orchestration (1)
- organisation (1)
- organisational change (1)
- organisations internationales (1)
- organisiertes Verbrechen (1)
- organizaciones internacionales (1)
- organization theory (1)
- organizational epistemology (1)
- organizational reform (1)
- organizational reputation (1)
- organizations (1)
- organized crime (1)
- othering (1)
- palabras clave (1)
- pandemic (1)
- parental leave (1)
- parenthood (1)
- parliament (1)
- parliamentary democracy (1)
- participation of citizens (1)
- partizipative Demokratie (1)
- pathozentrische epistemische Ungerechtigkeit (1)
- patterns (1)
- perception of history (1)
- performance (1)
- peripherality (1)
- personal data (1)
- personality (1)
- phytolith (1)
- pilot measures (1)
- planetarity (1)
- planetary boundaries (1)
- planning (1)
- pledge fulfillment (1)
- police (1)
- police reform (1)
- policy agendas (1)
- policy diffusion (1)
- policy output (1)
- policy reform (1)
- policy scope (1)
- policy signals (1)
- policy strategy (1)
- policy substitutes (1)
- policy transfer (1)
- policy-profession conflict (1)
- political campaigns (1)
- political debate (1)
- political discourse (1)
- political disenchantment (1)
- political economy (1)
- political integration (1)
- political opportunism (1)
- political preferences (1)
- political repression (1)
- political sociology (1)
- political stability (1)
- political symbols (1)
- political system (1)
- political theory (1)
- political transformation (1)
- politics of relation (1)
- politique de clusterisation (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- politische Debatte (1)
- politische Entwicklungen (1)
- politische Systeme (1)
- politische Theorie (1)
- politische Transformation (1)
- politische Urteilsbildung (1)
- politische Ökonomie (1)
- politischer Diskurs (1)
- politisches System (1)
- política ambiental comparada (1)
- pooling (1)
- population science (1)
- populism (1)
- post-Soviet (1)
- post-conflict peace (1)
- post-development (1)
- pragmatism (1)
- precedent (1)
- preferences (1)
- principle of controversy (1)
- privacy (1)
- private Militärfirmen (1)
- private military companies (1)
- private sector (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- process design (1)
- process expertise (1)
- procédure officielle (1)
- production concepts (1)
- professionalization (1)
- professions (1)
- project management quality (1)
- proportionality analysis (1)
- protest (1)
- proxy force (1)
- public (1)
- public administration reform (1)
- public good (1)
- public opinion (1)
- public opinion polls (1)
- public participation (1)
- public policy (1)
- public sector innovation (1)
- public sector reform (1)
- public value (1)
- public values (1)
- public-reason liberalism (1)
- punctuated equilibrium theory (1)
- pôles de compétitivité (1)
- qualitative Daten (1)
- qualitative Fallstudie (1)
- qualitative case study (1)
- qualitative content analysis (1)
- qualitative research (1)
- quality management (1)
- race (1)
- racism (1)
- radical (1)
- ratification procedure (1)
- ratification process (1)
- rationalism (1)
- reasonableness (1)
- reciprocity (1)
- reconciliation (1)
- reconciliation work and family (1)
- reform of the EU (1)
- reformation (1)
- regime complexity (1)
- regional organizations (1)
- regional policy (1)
- regulación estatal (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulation theory (1)
- regulations (1)
- regulative Institution (1)
- regulatory environment (1)
- religion (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- report of world population (1)
- research (1)
- reservations to human rights treaties (1)
- resistance (1)
- responsibility (1)
- restrictions to civil society (1)
- review (1)
- right parties and movements (1)
- right to housing (1)
- right-wing populism (1)
- risk communication (1)
- romance (1)
- réforme (1)
- sanctions (1)
- sanctions committee (1)
- sanctions de l’ONU (1)
- scenario (1)
- schlechte Regierungsführung (1)
- scholar-practitioners (1)
- school book analysis (1)
- science (1)
- scientific use file (1)
- second chambers (1)
- secteur spatial (1)
- security (1)
- security affairs (1)
- security cooperation (1)
- security council (1)
- security strategies (1)
- security–development nexus (1)
- selection (1)
- self-employed women (1)
- self-governance (1)
- semi-parliamentarism (1)
- service provider strategies (1)
- set theory (1)
- siege of Paris 1870 (1)
- single mothers (1)
- social closure (1)
- social epistemology (1)
- social insurance (1)
- social networking sites (1)
- social theory (1)
- socialism (1)
- socialization (1)
- society (1)
- soft power (1)
- soziale Schließung (1)
- sozialistische Orientierung der Marktwirtschaft (1)
- space (1)
- standardization (STANAG) (1)
- start-up subsidies (1)
- state parliament (1)
- state repression (1)
- state security (1)
- state-building (1)
- stochastic uncertainty (1)
- storytelling (1)
- strategic uncertainty (1)
- structural change (1)
- structural funds (1)
- student forum (1)
- subnationale Autonomie (1)
- subregional cooperation (1)
- subregionale Kooperation (1)
- superpower (1)
- survey (1)
- survey data (1)
- survey experiment (1)
- survival analysis (1)
- symbolic representation (1)
- synergies (1)
- system failure (1)
- tax structure (1)
- teaching (1)
- teaching concept (1)
- teaching tool (1)
- termination (1)
- territorial administration (1)
- terrorist finance (1)
- tolerance (1)
- trade unions (1)
- trade-offs (1)
- training (1)
- transatlantic relationship (1)
- transatlantische Beziehungen (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transformation of communist states (1)
- transformation theories (1)
- transformation theory (1)
- transformative justice (1)
- transition economies (1)
- transition policy (1)
- transition énergétique (1)
- transitions in Latin America (1)
- translation theory (1)
- transnational city networks (1)
- transsexuality (1)
- treadmill of production (1)
- turnout (1)
- un-cancelling the future (1)
- unilateralism (1)
- urban planning (1)
- urban warfare (1)
- verantwortungsbewusste Regierungsführung (1)
- vergleichende öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
- vertrackte Probleme (1)
- veto point (1)
- volunteer management (1)
- volunteering (1)
- vote choice (1)
- vote switching (1)
- war (1)
- war economy (1)
- water (1)
- water development aid (1)
- welfare state benefits (1)
- women's empowerment (1)
- work (1)
- work-family policies (1)
- working environment (1)
- working hours (1)
- working time (1)
- world bank (1)
- world literature (1)
- world order (1)
- world-makers (1)
- youth (1)
- youth councils (1)
- youth parliaments (1)
- youth unemployment (1)
- zeitliche Belastung von Verordneten (1)
- zivil-miltärische Beziehungen (1)
- Öffentlicher Dienst (1)
- Überforderung (1)
- Übergang (1)
- Übergangsjustiz (1)
- Überlegung (1)
- Übertragbarkeit (1)
- économie numérique (1)
- öffentliche Meinung (1)
Institute
- WeltTrends e.V. Potsdam (630)
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (294)
- Sozialwissenschaften (187)
- Extern (105)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (82)
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (26)
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (18)
- MenschenRechtsZentrum (17)
- Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum für europäisch-jüdische Studien e. V. (17)
- Historisches Institut (12)
The planetary commons
(2024)
The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue trajectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons framework by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.
An die Revolution 1848/49 wird als wesentliches Ereignis deutscher Demokratiegeschichte erinnert; die Beteiligung von Frauen nimmt jedoch bis heute im kollektiven Gedächtnis einen untergeordneten Stellenwert ein. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich aus diesem Grund spezifisch mit der Rolle der Frauen in der Revolution 1848/49 und bietet Anregungen für die Integration des Themas in den Politikunterricht.
Wie die Ergebnisse der Arbeit verdeutlichen, nutzten zahlreiche Frauen die Aufbruchsstimmung der 1840er Jahre, um sich auf verschiedene Arten und Weisen politisch zu engagieren. Zwar blieben viele dabei innerhalb der dichotomen Geschlechterteilung verhaftet, welche auf dem sich im 19. Jahrhundert herausbildenden bürgerlichen Geschlechtermodell beruhte. Einige überschritten diese Grenzen jedoch trotz harter Sanktionen auch bewusst.
Sichtbar wird, dass die weibliche Beteiligung zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch nicht zur grundsätzlichen Infragestellung der Geschlechterpolarität führte, aber die Frauen zunehmend den öffentlichen Raum auch für sich beanspruchten und damit die Grundlagen für die deutsche Frauenbewegung der folgenden Jahrzehnte schufen.
Die schulische Thematisierung der Rolle der Frauen in der Revolution 1848/49 bietet sich sowohl im Geschichts- und Politikunterricht als auch fächerübergreifend hinsichtlich vielfältiger Anknüpfungspunkte an. Die Integration des Themas in den Unterricht kann insbesondere dazu beitragen, das historische Erbe der Anfänge der Frauenbewegung zu bewahren, und es zudem für die Vermittlung demokratischer Werte nutzbar machen.
The contribution explores how an understanding of neoliberal subjectification in socio-economic education can serve to counteract the trend marketisation of democracy. Drawing on Foucault’s lectures on biopolitics and Brown’s current analysis of neoliberalism, it lays out a sociological explanation that treats the idea of homo economicus as a structuring element of our society and outlines the threat this poses to the liberal democratic order. The second part of the contribution outlines – through immanent critique – an ideology-critical analytical competence that uses key problems to illuminate socially critical perspectives on social reality. The objective is to challenge some of the foundations of social order (Salomon, D. Kritische politische Bildung. Ein Versuch. In B. Widmaier & Overwien, B. (Hrsg.), Was heißt heute kritische politische Bildung? (S. 232–239). Wochenschau, 2013) in pursuit of the ultimate objective of an educated and assertive citizenry.
Electricity production contributes to a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and is thus an important driver of climate change. To fulfil the Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) needs a rapid transition to a fully decarbonised power production system. Presumably, such a system will be largely based on renewables. So far, many EU countries have supported a shift towards renewables such as solar and wind power using support schemes, but the economic and political context is changing. Renewables are now cheaper than ever before and have become cost-competitive with conventional technologies. Therefore, European policymakers are striving to better integrate renewables into a competitive market and to increase the cost-effectiveness of the expansion of renewables. The first step was to replace previous fixed-price schemes with competitive auctions. In a second step, these auctions have become more technology-open. Finally, some governments may phase out any support for renewables and fully expose them to the competitive power market.
However, such policy changes may be at odds with the need to rapidly expand renewables and meet national targets due to market characteristics and investors’ risk perception. Without support, price risks are higher, and it may be difficult to meet an investor’s income expectations. Furthermore, policy changes across different countries could have unexpected effects if power markets are interconnected and investors able to shift their investments. Finally, in multi-technology auctions, technologies may dominate, which can be a risk for long-term power system reliability. Therefore, in my thesis, I explore the effects of phasing out support policies for renewables, of coordinating these phase-outs across countries, and of using multi-technology designs. I expand the public policy literature about investment behaviour and policy design as well as policy change and coordination, and I further develop an agent-based model.
The main questions of my thesis are what the cost and deployment effects of gradually exposing renewables to market forces would be and how coordination between countries affects investors’ decisions and market prices.. In my three contributions to the academic literature, I use different methods and come to the following results. In the first contribution, I use a conjoint analysis and market simulation to evaluate the effects of phasing out support or reintroducing feed-in tariffs from the perspective of investors. I find that a phase-out leads to investment shifts, either to other still-supported technologies or to other countries that continue to offer support. I conclude that the coordination of policy changes avoids such shifts.. In the second contribution, I integrate the empirically-derived preferences from the first contribution in to an agent-based power system model of two countries to simulate the effects of ending auctions for renewables. I find that this slows the energy transition, and that cross-border effects are relevant. Consequently, continued support is necessary to meet the national renewables targets. In the third contribution, I analyse the outcome of past multi-technology auctions using descriptive statistics, regression analysis as well as case study comparisons. I find that the outcomes are skewed towards single technologies. This cannot be explained by individual design elements of the auctions, but rather results from context-specific and country-specific characteristics. Based on this, I discuss potential implications for long-term power system reliability.
The main conclusions of my thesis are that a complete phase-out of renewables support would slow down the energy transition and thus jeopardize climate targets, and that multi-technology auctions may pose a risk for some countries, especially those that cannot regulate an unbalanced power plant portfolio in the long term. If policymakers decide to continue supporting renewables, they may consider adopting technology-specific auctions to better steer their portfolio. In contrast, if policymakers still want to phase out support, they should coordinate these policy changes with other countries. Otherwise, overall transition costs can be higher, because investment decisions shift to still-supported but more expensive technologies.
Der vorliegende Beitrag, der sich weniger als Fachbeitrag, sondern vielmehr als Erfahrungsbericht aus der Praxis versteht, berichtet von unterschiedlichen Versuchen, die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung in den schulischen Kontext einzubringen und somit der unzureichenden Beachtung der Thematik entgegenzuwirken. Nachdem überblicksartig die Relevanz der Mensch-Tier-Thematik herausgestellt und auf diese Weise die Notwendigkeit einer unterrichtlichen Beschäftigung mit dem Verhältnis von Menschen und anderen Tieren begründet wird, wird zunächst von einem ersten Versuch berichtet, (angehende) Lehrkräfte im Rahmen eines Workshops am Studienseminar Potsdam für die Relevanz der Mensch-Tier-Thematik zu sensibilisieren sowie über eine mögliche Umsetzung in den verschiedenen Unterrichtsfächern zu informieren. Anschließend werden – exemplarisch für den Politikunterricht – zwei Unterrichtsstunden, die die Mensch-Tier-Beziehung auf verschiedene Weise in den Politikunterricht einbeziehen, sowie die im Rahmen der Durchführung gesammelten Erfahrungen vorgestellt.
Die Nutzung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik (IKT), Fachverfahren und die Automatisierung von Prozessen verändern die Sachbearbeitung und Leistungserstellung in der Verwaltung und somit die Tätigkeiten, Arbeitsbedingungen und Personalstrukturen. Bei der Antragsbearbeitung und Bescheiderstellung in der Ordnungs- und Leistungsverwaltung erhält IKT nicht nur eine unterstützende, sondern zunehmend auch eine leitende oder entscheidende Rolle. Abhängig von der konkreten Ausgestaltung kann die fortschreitende Digitalisierung eine ganzheitliche Sachbearbeitung ermöglichen, aber auch einschränken. Insgesamt kann sie zu einer Neuordnung des Berufsfeldes öffentlicher Dienst führen.
Comparative vote switching
(2024)
Large literatures focus on voter reactions to parties’ policy strategies, agency, or legislative performance. While many inquiries make explicit assumptions about the direction and magnitude of voter flows between parties, comparative empirical analyses of vote switching remain rare. In this article, we overcome three challenges that have previously impeded the comparative study of dynamic party competition based on voter flows: we present a novel conceptual framework for studying voter retention, defection, and attraction in multiparty systems, showcase a newly compiled data infrastructure that marries comparative vote switching data with information on party behavior and party systems in over 250 electoral contexts, and introduce a statistical model that renders our conceptual framework operable. These innovations enable first-time inquiries into the polyadic vote switching patterns underlying multiparty competition and unlock major research potentials on party competition and party system change.
Diskursive Perspektiven auf internationale Politik haben in den vergangenen Jahren an Relevanz und Popularität gewonnen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt zunächst einen Überblick über verschiedene Spielarten diskursiver Ansätze in den Internationalen Beziehungen, um sich dann vor allem poststrukturalistisch inspirierten Diskursarbeiten zu widmen. Poststrukturalistische Ansätze, so argumentieren wir, sind besonders interessant für die Disziplin der IB, da sie vier spezifische Gewinne bieten: Erstens erlauben sie eine kritische Perspektive auf Fragen internationaler Politik, zweitens hilft eine poststrukturalistische Perspektive dabei, den oft übersehenen politischen Charakter sozialer Realität herauszustellen, drittens halten sie dazu an, die eigene Sichtweise des/der Forschenden zu reflektieren und viertens erlaubt es eine poststrukturalistische Vorgehensweise mit ihrem Fokus auf „Wie-möglich-Fragen“, eine alternative analytische Perspektive zu dominanten erklärenden Ansätzen einzunehmen.
Der Untersuchungsgegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Praxis der Europäischen Bürgerinitiative (EBI) nach Art. 11 Abs. 4 EUV, dem weltweit ersten und einzigen Instrument transnationaler, partizipativer und digitaler Demokratie. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung steht die Frage, welchen Beitrag die EBI zur weiteren Demokratisierung der EU leisten kann und auf welche Art und Weise insoweit noch weitere Verbesserungen erzielt werden können. Nach zehnjähriger Anwendungspraxis von 2012 bis 2022 liegen inzwischen ausreichend empirische Daten vor, um den Forschungsgegenstand umfassend zu erforschen und das Instrument mit Blick auf seinen von den EU-Institutionen versprochenen Legitimations- und Demokratisierungsbeitrag bewerten zu können. Insbesondere wird das EBI-Verfahren in dieser Arbeit auf seine empirisch nachweisbare Nutzung, auf seine prozedurale Nutzerfreundlichkeit sowie auf seine politische wie rechtliche Wirkmächtigkeit untersucht. Zum Zwecke der korrekten Kategorisierung, Bewertung sowie der nutzerfreundlichen Ausgestaltung des EBI-Verfahrens werden Vergleiche mit Bürger- und Volksinitiativverfahren in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten sowie mit Bürgerbeteiligungsverfahren auf EU-Ebene vorgenommen. Den empirischen und komparativen Analysen werden eine historische Analyse über die Genese der EBI seit dem EU-Verfassungskonvent sowie theoretisch-normative Überlegungen und praktische Untersuchungen zu unterschiedlichen beteiligungszentrierten Demokratiemodellen vorangestellt, um die EBI einzuordnen und die Steigerungsmöglichkeiten ihres Demokratisierungsbeitrags zu erschließen. Letzteres zielt schließlich auf die Frage nach der prozeduralen Kombination und Kompatibilität der EBI mit demokratischen Innovationen aus dem Bereich der deliberativen und direkten Demokratie ab. Die Arbeit schließt mit einem Ausblick und unterbreitet umfassende EBI-Reformoptionen sowohl auf der primär- und sekundärrechtlichen als auch auf der informellen Ebene.
Parlamentarismus bezeichnet die Idee der Repräsentation Regierter durch gewählte Abgeordnete. Er entfaltete sich hierzulande seit dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert im Zusammenwirken mit Vereinen und Verbänden, Parteien und Bewegungen, innerhalb komplementärer oder auch konkurrierender Strukturen und Prinzipien. Das Selbst- und Fremdbild, die Zusammensetzung, Themen und Debattenkultur deutscher Parlamente als politische Akteure bildet damit bis heute zugleich eine Art Resonanzboden gesellschaftlicher und politischer Verhältnisse.
Welcher Weg führte von den zunächst kaum wirkmächtigen und nicht im Ansatz repräsentativen Parlamenten der Restaurationszeit über die Paulskirche bis in die Gegenwart? Wie gestalteten sich die Beziehungen zwischen dem Parlamentarismus und dem Föderalismus? Wie entwickelten sich Wahlen und Wahlsysteme als Grundlage allgemeiner Repräsentation? Wer sah oder sieht sich im Parlamentarismus in-, wer exkludiert? Wie leben und arbeiten Parlamentsangehörige ehedem und heute? Welche Formen medialer Interaktion zwischen ihnen und der Öffentlichkeit haben sich herausgebildet? Worin gründen Vorbehalte, Reformwünsche, aber auch Anfeindungen des Parlamentarismus? Und welchen Herausforderungen wird sich die repräsentative Demokratie in Zukunft stellen müssen?
Mehr als nur Ehefrauen
(2023)
Frauen im Widerstand
(2023)
Krisen in Afganisthan
(2023)
Finnland und Schweden
(2023)
Wahlen in der Türkei
(2023)
Brasilien in den BRICS
(2023)
Frauen im Widerstand
(2023)
Mehr als nur Ehefrauen
(2023)
Enacted in 2009, the National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC) is a milestone in the institutionalisation of climate action in Brazil. It sets greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets and a set of principles and directives that are intended to lay the foundations for a cross-sectoral and multilevel climate policy in the country. However, after more than a decade since its establishment, the PNMC has experienced several obstacles related to its governance, such as coordination, planning and implementation issues. All of these issues pose threats to the effectiveness of GHG mitigation actions in the country.
By looking at the intragovernmental and intergovernmental relationships that have taken place during the lifetime of the PNMC and its sectoral plans on agriculture (the Sectoral Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for the Consolidation of a Low-Carbon Economy in Agriculture [ABC Plan]), transport and urban mobility (the Sectoral Plan for Transportation and Urban Mobility for Mitigation and Adaption of Climate Change [PSTM]), this exploratory qualitative research investigates the Brazilian climate change governance guided by the following relevant questions: how are climate policy arrangements organised and coordinated among governmental actors to mitigate GHG emissions in Brazil? What might be the reasons behind how such arrangements are established? What are the predominant governance gaps of the different GHG mitigation actions examined? Why do these governance gaps occur?
Theoretically grounded in the literature on multilevel governance and coordination of public policies, this study employs a novel analytical framework that aims to identify and discuss the occurrence of four types of governance gaps (i.e. politics, institutions and processes, resources and information) in the three GHG mitigation actions (cases) examined (i.e. the PNMC, ABC Plan and PSTM). The research results are twofold. First, they reveal that Brazil has struggled to organise and coordinate governmental actors from different policy constituencies and different levels of government in the implementation of the GHG mitigation actions examined. Moreover, climate policymaking has mostly been influenced by the Ministry of Environment (MMA) overlooking the multilevel and cross-sectoral approaches required for a country’s climate policy to mitigate and adapt to climate change, especially if it is considered an economy-wide Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), as the Brazilian one is.
Second, the study identifies a greater manifestation of gaps in politics (e.g. lack of political will in supporting climate action), institutions and processes (e.g. failures in the design of institutions and policy instruments, coordination and monitoring flaws, and difficulties in building climate federalism) in all cases studied. It also identifies that there have been important advances in the production of data and information for decision-making and, to a lesser extent, in the allocation of technical and financial resources in the cases studied; however, it is necessary to highlight the limitation of these improvements due to turf wars, a low willingness to share information among federal government players, a reduced volume of financial resources and an unequal distribution of capacities among the federal ministries and among the three levels of government.
A relevant finding is that these gaps tend to be explained by a combination of general and sectoral set aspects. Regarding the general aspects, which are common to all cases examined, the following can be mentioned: i) unbalanced policy capabilities existing among the different levels of government, ii) a limited (bureaucratic) practice to produce a positive coordination mode within cross-sectoral policies, iii) the socioeconomic inequalities that affect the way different governments and economic sectors perceive the climate issue (selective perception) and iv) the reduced dialogue between national and subnational governments on the climate agenda (poor climate federalism). The following sectoral aspects can be mentioned: i) the presence of path dependencies that make the adoption of transformative actions harder and ii) the absence of perceived co-benefits that the climate agenda can bring to each economic sector (e.g. reputational gains, climate protection and access to climate financial markets).
By addressing the theoretical and practical implications of the results, this research provides key insights to tackle the governance gaps identified and to help Brazil pave the way to achieving its NDCs and net-zero targets. At the theoretical level, this research and the current country’s GHG emissions profile suggest that the Brazilian climate policy is embedded in a cross-sectoral and multilevel arena, which requires the effective involvement of different levels of political and bureaucratic powers and the consideration of the country’s socioeconomic differences. Thus, the research argues that future improvements of the Brazilian climate policy and its governance setting must frame climate policy as an economic development agenda, the ramifications of which go beyond the environmental sector. An initial consequence of this new perspective may be a shift in the political and technical leadership from the MMA to the institutions of the centre of government (Executive Office of the President of Brazil) and those in charge of the country’s economic policy (Ministry of Economy). This change could provide greater capacity for coordination, integration and enforcement as well as for addressing certain expected gaps (e.g. financial and technical resources). It could also lead to greater political prioritisation of the agenda at the highest levels of government. Moreover, this shift of the institutional locus could contribute to greater harmonisation between domestic development priorities and international climate politics. Finally, the research also suggests that this approach would reduce bureaucratic elitism currently in place due to climate policy being managed by Brazilian governmental institutions, which is still a theme of a few ministries and a reason for the occurrence of turf wars.
This article responds to critical reflections on my Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism by Sarah Birch, Kevin J. Elliott, Claudia Landwehr and James L. Wilson. It discusses how different types of representative democracy, especially different forms of government (presidential, parliamentary or hybrid), can be justified. It clarifies, among other things, the distinction between procedural and process equality, the strengths of semi-parliamentary government, the potential instability of constitutional designs, and the difference that theories can make in actual processes of constitutional reform.
International law is constantly navigating the tension between preserving the status quo and adapting to new exigencies. But when and how do such adaptation processes give way to a more profound transformation, if not a crisis of international law? To address the question of how attacks on the international legal order are changing the value orientation of international law, this book brings together scholars of international law and international relations. By combining theoretical and methodological analyses with individual case studies, this book offers readers conceptualizations and tools to systematically examine value change and explore the drivers and mechanisms of these processes. These case studies scrutinize value change in the foundational norms of the post-1945 order and in norms representing the rise of the international legal order post-1990. They cover diverse issues: the prohibition of torture, the protection of women’s rights, the prohibition of the use of force, the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, sustainability norms, and accountability for core international crimes. The challenges to each norm, the reactions by norm defenders, and the fate of each norm are also studied. Combined, the analyses show that while a few norms have remained surprisingly robust, several are changing, either in substance or in legal or social validity. The book concludes by integrating the conceptual and empirical insights from this interdisciplinary exchange to assess and explain the ambiguous nature of value change in international law beyond the extremes of mere progress or decline.
The study of subnational and local government systems and reforms has become an increasingly salient topic in comparative public administration. In many European countries, policy implementation, the execution of public tasks and the delivery of services to citizens are largely carried out by local governments, which, at the same time, have been subjected to multiple reforms and sometimes comprehensive institutional re-organizations. This chapter discusses analytical key concepts and outcomes of the comparative study of local governments and local government reforms. It outlines frameworks and analytical tools to capture the variety of institutional settings and developments at the local level of government. It provides an introduction into crucial comparative dimensions, such as functional, territorial and political profiles of local governments, and analyses current reform approaches and outcomes based on recent empirical findings. Finally, the chapter addresses salient issues to be taken up in future comparative studies about local government.
Region ohne Richtung
(2023)
Welche Auswirkungen wird die aufziehende Großmächtekonkurrenz also auf die regionale Sicherheitsordnung haben? Der Beitrag nähert sich dieser Frage über die regionalen Bedingungsfaktoren, die den Rahmen für jegliche Ingerenz extraregionaler Mächte bilden: Die regionalen Sicherheitskomplexe in Lateinamerika und der Karibik, einschließlich der Regionalorganisationen und Regionalmächte, sowie der Einflusssphären und Anreizsysteme der Großmächte. Am Ende wagt der Beitrag einen Ausblick auf die Entwicklung der lateinamerikanischen Sicherheitspolitik im Angesicht der Geopolitik der Großmächte. Die hier vorgestellte Kernthese wagt ein strukturelles und deshalb wenig alarmistisches Argument: Die Großmächtekonkurrenz wird die bestehende Fragmentierung der regionalen Sicherheitsordnung weiter vertiefen, doch wird die Region gleichzeitig nicht substanziell an Agency gegenüber den Großmächten verlieren. Der Schlüssel hierzu ist die außenpolitische Maxime der „gebundenen Äquidistanz“, die Dependenzen diversifiziert und damit nicht als Widerspruch, sondern als Positivsummenspiel versteht.
Within the context of United Nations (UN) environmental institutions, it has become apparent that intergovernmental responses alone have been insufficient for dealing with pressing transboundary environmental problems. Diverging economic and political interests, as well as broader changes in power dynamics and norms within global (environmental) governance, have resulted in negotiation and implementation efforts by UN member states becoming stuck in institutional gridlock and inertia. These developments have sparked a renewed debate among scholars and practitioners about an imminent crisis of multilateralism, accompanied by calls for reforming UN environmental institutions. However, with the rise of transnational actors and institutions, states are not the only relevant actors in global environmental governance. In fact, the fragmented architectures of different policy domains are populated by a hybrid mix of state and non-state actors, as well as intergovernmental and transnational institutions. Therefore, coping with the complex challenges posed by severe and ecologically interdependent transboundary environmental problems requires global cooperation and careful management from actors beyond national governments.
This thesis investigates the interactions of three intergovernmental UN treaty secretariats in global environmental governance. These are the secretariats of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. While previous research has acknowledged the increasing autonomy and influence of treaty secretariats in global policy-making, little attention has been paid to their strategic interactions with non-state actors, such as non-governmental organizations, civil society actors, businesses, and transnational institutions and networks, or their coordination with other UN agencies. Through qualitative case-study research, this thesis explores the means and mechanisms of these interactions and investigates their consequences for enhancing the effectiveness and coherence of institutional responses to underlying and interdependent environmental issues.
Following a new institutionalist ontology, the conceptual and theoretical framework of this study draws on global governance research, regime theory, and scholarship on international bureaucracies. From an actor-centered perspective on institutional interplay, the thesis employs concepts such as orchestration and interplay management to assess the interactions of and among treaty secretariats. The research methodology involves structured, focused comparison, and process-tracing techniques to analyze empirical data from diverse sources, including official documents, various secondary materials, semi-structured interviews with secretariat staff and policymakers, and observations at intergovernmental conferences.
The main findings of this research demonstrate that secretariats employ tailored orchestration styles to manage or bypass national governments, thereby raising global ambition levels for addressing transboundary environmental problems. Additionally, they engage in joint interplay management to facilitate information sharing, strategize activities, and mobilize relevant actors, thereby improving coherence across UN environmental institutions. Treaty secretariats play a substantial role in influencing discourses and knowledge exchange with a wide range of actors. However, they face barriers, such as limited resources, mandates, varying leadership priorities, and degrees of politicization within institutional processes, which may hinder their impact. Nevertheless, the secretariats, together with non-state actors, have made progress in advancing norm-building processes, integrated policy-making, capacity building, and implementation efforts within and across framework conventions. Moreover, they utilize innovative means of coordination with actors beyond national governments, such as data-driven governance, to provide policy-relevant information for achieving overarching governance targets.
Importantly, this research highlights the growing interactions between treaty secretariats and non-state actors, which not only shape policy outcomes but also have broader implications for the polity and politics of international institutions. The findings offer opportunities for rethinking collective agency and actor dynamics within UN entities, addressing gaps in institutionalist theory concerning the interaction of actors in inter-institutional spaces. Furthermore, the study addresses emerging challenges and trends in global environmental governance that are pertinent to future policy-making. These include reflections for the debate on reforming international institutions, the role of emerging powers in a changing international world order, and the convergence of public and private authority through new alliance-building and a division of labor between international bureaucracies and non-state actors in global environmental governance.
Review symposium
(2023)
Steffen Ganghof’s Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism: Democratic Design and the Separation of Powers (Oxford University Press, 2021) posits that “in a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not” (Ganghof, 2021). To consider, examine and theorise about this, Ganghof urges engagement with semi-parliamentarism. As explained by Ganghof, legislative power is shared between two democratically legitimate sections of parliament in a semi-parliamentary system, but only one of those sections selects the government and can remove it in a no-confidence vote. Consequently, power is dispersed and not concentrated in the hands of any one person, which, Ganghof argues, can lead to an enhanced form of parliamentary democracy. In this book review symposium, George Tsebelis, Michael Thies, José Antonio Cheibub, Rosalind Dixon and Daniel Bogéa review Steffen Ganghof’s book and engage with the author about aspects of research design, case selection and theoretical argument. This symposium arose from an engaging and constructive discussion of the book at a seminar hosted by Texas A&M University in 2022. We thank Prof José Cheibub (Texas A&M) for organising that seminar and Dr Anna Fruhstorfer (University of Potsdam) for initiating this book review symposium.
Der Beitrag widmet sich zwei überaus fruchtbaren theoretischen Ansätzen in der Policy-Forschung und darüber hinaus: der Vetospielertheorie und Vetopunkt-Ansätzen. Neben den Grundzügen beider Ansätze stellen wir grundlegende Entwicklungslinien und Probleme dieser Literaturen anhand beispielhafter Studien dar. Es zeigt sich, dass beide Ansätze teils kontroverse Annahmen treffen, zu denen es plausible Alternativen gibt. Zum Beispiel kann das Verhalten von Koalitionsparteien im Policy-Prozess anders als von der Vetospielertheorie angenommen modelliert werden. Die kausalen Effekte bestimmter Institutionen oder Vetopunkte können zudem je nach Kontext variieren. Diesem Kontext sollte größere Beachtung geschenkt werden.
Green recovery
(2023)
This chapter reviews how the European Union has fared in enabling a green recovery in the aftermath of the Covid-19 crisis, drawing comparisons to developments after the financial crisis. The chapter focuses on the European Commission and its evolving role in promoting decarbonisation efforts in its Member States, paying particular attention to its role in financing investments in low-carbon assets. It considers both the direct effects of green stimulus policies on decarbonisation in the EU and how these actions have shaped the capacities of the Commission as an actor in the field of climate and energy policy. The analysis reveals a significant expansion of the Commission’s role compared to the period following the financial crisis. EU-level measures have provided incentives for Member States to direct large volumes of financing towards investments in climate-friendly assets. Nevertheless, the ultimate impact will largely be shaped by implementation at the national level.
Zwischen Modellierung und Stakeholderbeteiligung - Wissensproduktion in der Energiewendeforschung
(2023)
Die Dekarbonisierung des Energiesystems ist Teil der international im Rahmen des Pariser Klimaabkommens beschlossenen CO2-Minderungsstrategie zur Bekämpfung des Klimawandels. Nach den Verhandlungen und Beschlüssen der Klimaziele stehen politische Entscheider weltweit nun vor der Frage, wie sie diese erreichen können. Dies produziert eine hohe politische Nachfrage nach Wissen um die direkten und indirekten Effekte verschiedener Instrumente und potentiellen Entwicklungspfade einer Energiewende. Dieser gesellschaftliche Bedarf an wissenschaftlichen Antworten zu Lösungsoptionen wurde im Rahmen einer Klimafolgenforschung, genauer einer Klimapolitikfolgenforschung, aufgenommen. Der relativ neue Zweig einer Energiewendeforschung hat sich weltweit entwickelt, steht dabei allerdings vor der doppelten Herausforderung: Erstens befindet sich das Objekt der Forschung nicht im luftleeren Raum, sondern innerhalb ökonomischer, sozialer und politischer Zusammenhänge, hier gesellschaftliche Einbettung genannt. Denn die Frage, wie die Energiewende erreicht werden kann, wird auch außerhalb der Wissenschaft debattiert und stellt damit ein Aushandlungsfeld unterschiedlicher Interessen und Narrative dar. Zweitens befindet sich das zu untersuchende Objekt in der Zukunft, hier unter dem Terminus des strukturellen Nicht-Wissens zusammengefasst. Diese beiden Bedingungen führen dazu, dass konventionelle Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung nicht greifen und eine Öffnung und Transformation der Wissenschaft in Hinblick auf neue Methoden vonnöten ist (Nowotny 2001, Ravetz 2006, Schneidewind 2013). In dieser Arbeit untersuche ich zwei Möglichkeiten, wie mit der Herausforderung, Wissen unter der Bedingung des strukturellen Nicht-Wissens und der gesellschaftlichen Einbettung zu produzieren, in der Energiewendeforschung umgegangen wird. Einerseits wird dies durch die Einbeziehung von Stakeholdern, also nicht-wissenschaftlicher Akteure, in den Forschungsprozess getan. Andererseits ist die Nutzung von komplexen ökonometrischen Modellen zur Berechnung von Implikationen und energiewirtschaftlichen Entwicklungspfaden zu einem zentralen Mittel der Wissensgenerierung in der Energiewendeforschung avanciert. Damit wird der als Problem verstandenen strukturellen Bedingung des Nicht-Wissens insofern begegnet, als dass die Ergebnisse von Stakeholder-Involvement und von Modellierungsarbeiten zweifelsohne neues Wissen zur Verfügung stellen. Uneinigkeit besteht jedoch darin, worüber dieses Wissen etwas aussagt: Sind es Interessen oder legitime Perspektiven, die Stakeholder in den Forschungsprozess einbringen und sind Modelle vereinfachte Darstellungen der Welt oder sind sie Ausdruck der Vorstellung des Modellierers?
Recent debates in international relations increasingly focus on bureaucratic apparatuses of international organizations and highlight their role, influence, and autonomy in global public policy. In this contribution we follow the recent call made by Moloney and Rosenbloom in this journal to make use of “public administrative theory and empirically based knowledge in analyzing the behavior of international and regional organizations” and offer a systematic analysis of the inner structures of these administrative bodies. Changes in these structures can reflect both the (re-)assignment of responsibilities, competencies, and expertise, but also the (re)allocation of resources, staff, and corresponding signalling of priorities. Based on organizational charts, we study structural changes within 46 international bureaucracies in the UN system. Tracing formal changes to all internal units over two decades, this contribution provides the first longitudinal assessment of structural change at the international level. We demonstrate that the inner structures of international bureaucracies in the UN system became more fragmented over time but also experienced considerable volatility with periods of structural growth and retrenchment. The analysis also suggests that IO's political features yield stronger explanatory power for explaining these structural changes than bureaucratic determinants. We conclude that the politics of structural change in international bureaucracies is a missing piece in the current debate on international public administrations that complements existing research perspectives by reiterating the importance of the political context of international bureaucracies as actors in global governance.
In recent years, governments have increased their efforts to strengthen the citizen-orientation in policy design. They have established temporary arenas as well as permanent units inside the machinery of government to integrate citizens into policy formulation, leading to a “laboratorization” of central government organizations. We argue that the evolution and role of these units herald new dynamics in the importance of organizational reputation for executive politics. These actors deviate from the classic palette of organizational units inside the machinery of government and thus require their own reputation vis-à-vis various audiences within and outside their parent organization. Based on a comparative case study of two of these units inside the German federal bureaucracy, we show how ambiguous expectations of their audiences challenge their organizational reputation. Both units resolve these tensions by balancing their weaker professional and procedural reputation with a stronger performative and moral reputation. We conclude that government units aiming to improve citizen orientation in policy design may benefit from engaging with citizens as their external audience to compensate for a weaker reputation in the eyes of their audiences inside the government organization. Points for practitioners: many governments have introduced novel means to strengthen citizen-centered policy design, which has led to an emergence of novel units inside central government that differ from traditional bureaucratic structures and procedures ; this study analyzes how these new units may build their organizational reputation vis-à-vis internal and external actors in government policymaking. ; we show that such units assert themselves primarily based on their performative and moral reputation.
Worldwide, governments have introduced novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) for policy formulation and service delivery, radically changing the working environment of government employees. Following the debate on work stress and particularly on technostress, we argue that the use of ICTs triggers “digital overload” that decreases government employees’ job satisfaction via inhibiting their job autonomy. Contrary to prior research, we consider job autonomy as a consequence rather than a determinant of digital overload, because ICT-use accelerates work routines and interruptions and eventually diminishes employees’ freedom to decide how to work. Based on novel survey data from government employees in Germany, Italy, and Norway, our structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a significant negative effect of digital overload on job autonomy. More importantly, job autonomy partially mediates the negative relationship between digital overload and job satisfaction, pointing to the importance of studying the micro-foundations of ICT-use in the public sector.
Conclusion
(2023)
Based on the previous findings in this book, Chapter 18 by Heike Krieger and Andrea Liese discusses the general dynamics of change or metamorphosis in the international legal order. They discern a mixed picture of an international order between metamorphosis—that is, a more fundamental transformation—of international law, norm change, turbulences, and robustness. They explain drivers of change and highlight factors such as national interests during the war on terror, changing long-term foreign policy beliefs, and the rise in populism and autocracy, before discussing the most common strategies the actors involved use. Other relevant factors include changes in the political environment, such as shocks and power shifts or the ambiguous role of fragmentation. Moreover, they identify factors that make legal norms robust, including the vital role of norm defenders and legal and institutional structures as stabilizing elements. Krieger and Liese conclude by cautioning that if the attacks on the international order continue at the current frequency and magnitude, a metamorphosis of international law will likely be unstoppable.
There is a growing recognition that international organizations (IOs) formulate and adopt policy in a wide range of areas. IOs have emerged as key venues for states seeking joint solutions to contemporary challenges such as climate change or COVID-19, and to establish frameworks to bolster trade, development, security, and more. In this capacity, IOs produce both extraordinary and routine policy output with a multitude of purposes, ranging from policies of historic significance like admitting new members to the more mundane tasks of administering IO staff. This article introduces the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset (IPOD), which covers close to 37,000 individual policy acts of 13 multi-issue IOs in the 1980–2015 period. The dataset fills a gap in the growing body of literature on the comparative study of IOs, providing researchers with a fine-grained perspective on the structure of IO policy output and data for comparisons across time, policy areas, and organizations. This article describes the construction and coverage of the dataset and identifies key temporal and cross-sectional patterns revealed by the data. In a concise illustration of the dataset’s utility, we apply models of punctuated equilibria in a comparative study of the relationship between institutional features and broad policy agenda dynamics. Overall, the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset offers a unique resource for researchers to analyze IO policy output in a granular manner and to explore questions of responsiveness, performance, and legitimacy of IOs.