Gold Open-Access
Refine
Document Type
- Article (329) (remove)
Keywords
- Lehrkräftebildung (14)
- Reflexion (12)
- Reflexionskompetenz (8)
- USA (7)
- United States (7)
- Feedback (6)
- moderne jüdische Geschichte (6)
- Sprachtherapie (5)
- football (5)
- modern Jewish history (5)
- 20. Jahrhundert (4)
- 20th century (4)
- exercise (4)
- 19. Jahrhundert (3)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Fallarbeit (3)
- Informatik (3)
- Inklusion (3)
- Selbstreflexion (3)
- kinetics (3)
- obesity (3)
- stunting (3)
- 19th century (2)
- Aphasie (2)
- Beziehungsgestaltung (2)
- Biologiedidaktik (2)
- Deutschdidaktik (2)
- Digitale Medien (2)
- Diversity (2)
- Dysarthrie (2)
- German history (2)
- ICF-CY (2)
- Interprofessionalität (2)
- Lehr-Lern-Labor-Seminar (2)
- Lehramtsstudierende (2)
- Modern Jewish history (2)
- Partizipation (2)
- Physical activity (2)
- Praxissemester (2)
- Professionalisierung (2)
- Reflexionsförderung (2)
- Reflexivität (2)
- SEPE (2)
- SNARC (2)
- Selbsthilfe (2)
- Seminarkonzept (2)
- Stottern (2)
- Studienabbruch (2)
- Summer Schools (2)
- Unterrichtsanalyse (2)
- Unterrichtsreflexion (2)
- Unterrichtsvideos (2)
- Vertragsarbeit (2)
- Vignetten (2)
- Vorschulalter (2)
- achilles tendinopathy (2)
- attention (2)
- body height (2)
- deutsche Geschichte (2)
- diabetes (2)
- diffusion (2)
- ePortfolio (2)
- electromyography (2)
- forschendes Lernen (2)
- handgrip strength (2)
- health care (2)
- higher education (2)
- language acquisition (2)
- literature review (2)
- longitudinal (2)
- machine learning (2)
- malnutrition (2)
- maturation (2)
- national multiplication training (2)
- pre-school (2)
- professionelle Wahrnehmung (2)
- reflexion (2)
- school mathematics (2)
- skills (2)
- social network (2)
- virtual reality (2)
- wheat (2)
- 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (1)
- ACWR (1)
- AFLP (1)
- ALOS World 3D (1)
- APP (1)
- ASTER GDEM (1)
- Achtsamkeit (1)
- Achtsamkeitsübungen (1)
- Adaption (1)
- Adaptive Lehrkompetenz (1)
- Adipose tissue (1)
- Adolescents (1)
- Adult-child interaction (1)
- Aftercare (1)
- Aging (1)
- Akan (1)
- Akt pathway (1)
- Alien Tort Statute (1)
- Anerkennung (1)
- Animal personality (1)
- Annotation (1)
- Anonymität (1)
- Anrechnung (1)
- Anwender*innenakzeptanz (1)
- Apps (1)
- Arabica coffee (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Assessment-Feedback (1)
- Aufgabenkonzept (1)
- Ausbildungscoaching (1)
- Bachelor (1)
- Bachelorstudium (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Barrierefreiheit (1)
- Barriers (1)
- Basalganglien (1)
- Begleitseminar (1)
- Benachteiligtenförderung (1)
- Beobachten (1)
- Berufliche Bildung (1)
- Berufs- und Arbeitswelt (1)
- Berufsausbildung (1)
- Besonderheiten des Lehrberufs (1)
- Bildungssprache (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- CDOM (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- COVID-19-Pandemie (1)
- CRISPR editing validation (1)
- Checkliste (1)
- Chew Bahir (1)
- Chlamydomonas (1)
- Chor (1)
- Chronic conditions (1)
- Chronic low back pain (1)
- Coachingtools (1)
- Cochlea-Implantat (CI) (1)
- Cognitive fatigue (1)
- Conversation Analysis (1)
- Copernicus DEM (1)
- Coping (1)
- Course development (1)
- Course marketing (1)
- Courses for female students (1)
- Cross-frequency PLV (1)
- Curricula Development (1)
- Curriculum analysis (1)
- Cystic fibrosis (1)
- Cytochrome b (1)
- DEM noise (1)
- DaZ-Unterricht (1)
- Damage assessment (1)
- Data pooling (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Datenbanken (1)
- Datennutzung (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Debugging (1)
- Delphi study (1)
- Design-Based-Research (1)
- Design-based Research (1)
- Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache (1)
- Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache (DaFZ) (1)
- Deutsche Gebärdensprache (1)
- Developmental hyperscanning (1)
- Digital Health (1)
- Digital Narratives (1)
- Digital intervention (1)
- Digitales Beobachtungstool (1)
- Digitalität (1)
- Diskussionskultur (1)
- Distanzlehre (1)
- Disturbance impacts (1)
- Disturbance indicator (1)
- Dual EEG analysis (1)
- Durchlässigkeit (1)
- Dynamometry (1)
- E-Peer-Assessment (1)
- E. Berne (1)
- EEG (1)
- East European Jewish history (1)
- Eating behavior (1)
- Eccentric muscle action (1)
- Educational-Design-Research (1)
- Eigen- und Fremdreflexionen (1)
- Eigenverantwortung (1)
- Eigenvideografie (1)
- Eignungs- und Orientierungspraktikum (1)
- Eignungsreflexion (1)
- Electronic Health (1)
- Elephant disturbance (1)
- Elternpartizipation (1)
- Embodied cognition (1)
- Emotionen (1)
- Energy expenditure (1)
- Englisch (1)
- English and Physics teacher trainees (1)
- Entfremdung (1)
- Entwicklungsforschung (1)
- Entwicklungsstufen (1)
- Erfahrungslernen (1)
- Erfolgsmessung (1)
- Erkenntnisgewinnung (1)
- Ethics (1)
- European hare (1)
- European history (1)
- Exertion (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Fachdidaktik (1)
- Fachdidaktische Reflexion (1)
- Fachinformatik (1)
- Fachinformatiker (1)
- Fachpraktikum (1)
- Faktorenanalyse (1)
- Fallverstehen (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- FieldTrip (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Forschungsdesiderate (1)
- Forschungsmethodik (1)
- Forschungsorientierung (1)
- Fortbildung (1)
- Fourier analysis (1)
- Fragebogen (1)
- Fresh water fish (1)
- Frühförderung (1)
- Förderschwerpunkt emotionale und soziale Entwicklung (1)
- Förderung von Reflexivität (1)
- GPS (1)
- Gait (1)
- Galicia (1)
- Galizien (1)
- Geistesgeschichte (1)
- Gender (1)
- Gene expression (1)
- Genetics (1)
- German Jewry (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschichte (1)
- Geschlechterunterschiede (1)
- Glucose homeostasis (1)
- Grip force (1)
- Grundschulpädagogik (1)
- H2S biosynthesis (1)
- H5P (1)
- HDL (1)
- HEI (1)
- HIV (1)
- Hamstring-quadriceps ratio (1)
- Handlungsschritte (1)
- Health insurance (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- Hippo signaling (1)
- Hochschule (1)
- Horace Kallen (1)
- Human Rights Litigation (1)
- Human physical conditioning (1)
- ICDP (1)
- IRF-Sequenz (1)
- Identität (1)
- Individualized therapy (1)
- Informatics (1)
- Informatik B. Sc. (1)
- Informatikstudium (1)
- Injury (1)
- Injury risk (1)
- Insulin resistance (1)
- Inter-individual differences (1)
- Interactional Linguistics (1)
- Interaktionsanalyse (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit (1)
- Internationales Privatrecht (1)
- Internet of Things (1)
- Interoception (1)
- Intersectionality (1)
- Interventionen (1)
- Interventionsseminar (1)
- Intuitive eating (1)
- Inverted Classroom (1)
- Inverted Classroom Modell (1)
- Irradiation (1)
- Isaac Leeser (1)
- Isaac Mayer Wise (1)
- Island biogeography (1)
- Israel (1)
- Jurkat cells (1)
- Just so stories (1)
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (1)
- KI (1)
- KI-Anwendung (1)
- KI-basierte Anwendungen (1)
- Kindertherapie (1)
- Kindesalter (1)
- Kohärenz (1)
- Kohärenz über die Praxisphasen (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kommunikative Partizipation (1)
- Kompetenz (1)
- Kompetenzen (1)
- Kompetenzerwerb (1)
- Kompetenzorientierung (1)
- Kompetenzraster (1)
- Kontingenz (1)
- Konzeptionelle Überlegungen (1)
- Kooperation (1)
- Kooperationslabor (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- K−12 teachers (1)
- LC-MS/MS (1)
- LC/HRMS (1)
- LCSM (1)
- LC–MS/MS (1)
- LDL (1)
- Lake Malawi (1)
- Lautes Denken (1)
- Lautstärkeverarbeitung (1)
- Learning Analytics (1)
- Lebensqualität (1)
- Lehr- und Lernformate (1)
- Lehr-/Lernkonzept (1)
- Lehr-Lern-Labor (1)
- Lehramtsstudium (1)
- Lehramtsstudium Biologie (1)
- Lehrkonzept (1)
- Lehrkräfteausbildung (1)
- Lehrkräftemangel (1)
- Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung (1)
- Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung für Inklusion (1)
- Lehrpersonenbildung (1)
- Lehrämtervergleich (1)
- Lernerfolg (1)
- Lerntagebuch (1)
- Lernumgebungen (1)
- Lernzentrum (1)
- Leseleistung (1)
- Levy walks (1)
- Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG) (1)
- Locally structured correlation (1)
- Locally structured standard deviation (1)
- M1/M2 differentiation (1)
- MALDI-TOF-MS (1)
- MCI (1)
- MSAP (1)
- Machbarkeitsstudie (1)
- Mandarin-English bilinguals (1)
- Martial arts (1)
- Maschinelles Lernen (1)
- Mathematikunterricht (1)
- Matthew effect (1)
- Mediendidaktische Reflexion (1)
- Mehrsprachigkeit (1)
- Memory studies (1)
- Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (1)
- Menschenrechtsklage (Human Rights Litigation) (1)
- Mental number line (1)
- Meta-Reflexivität (1)
- Metabolic syndrome (1)
- MiSpEx (1)
- MiSpEx-network (1)
- Microtus arvalis (1)
- Mindfulness (1)
- Mitochondria (1)
- Mixed methods (1)
- Mobile Health (1)
- Mobile diagnostics (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Moco biosynthesis (1)
- Moderne jüdische Geschichte (1)
- Monte Carlo method (1)
- Monte-Carlo simulation (1)
- Morbus Parkinson (1)
- Motor system (1)
- Movement (1)
- Movement ecology (1)
- Multiparadigmatik (1)
- Muscle strength (1)
- Musculoskeletal and neural physiological phenomena (1)
- Musik (1)
- Musikunterricht (1)
- N400 (1)
- NAFLD/MAFLD (1)
- Natural Language Processing (1)
- Nehemia Robinson (1)
- Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (1)
- Noradrenaline (1)
- Number processing (1)
- NutriAct Family Study (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- ODBA (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Older adults (1)
- Omicron (1)
- Online Self Assessment (1)
- Online-Self-Assessment (1)
- Open-Source-Software H5P (1)
- Orthodox Judaism (1)
- Overhead athletes (1)
- PLV (1)
- Partizipationsmodell (1)
- Partnership (1)
- Peer-Befriending (1)
- Peer-Review (1)
- Personas (1)
- Personenorientierung (1)
- Perspektivenübernahme (1)
- Phase Locking Value (1)
- Photodynamics (1)
- Phylogeny (1)
- Physical training (1)
- Physik (1)
- Pilotstudiengang (1)
- Pipistrellus nathusii (1)
- Plyometric exercise (1)
- Podcast (1)
- Postural control (1)
- Praxis-Theorie-Verknüpfung (1)
- Praxisphasen (1)
- Praxisreflexion (1)
- Preußen (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Prior knowledge (1)
- Private International Law (conflict of laws) (1)
- Problembasiertes Lernen (1)
- Professional Vision (1)
- Professionswissen (1)
- Prospective (1)
- Protective factors (1)
- Prussia (1)
- Quality of life (1)
- Querschnittskompetenzen (1)
- Rabbiner (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Randomized-controlled trial (1)
- Recht auf Achtung des Privat- und Familienlebens (1)
- Recht auf Kenntnis der eigenen Abstammung (1)
- Rechtsgeschichte (1)
- Referendariat (1)
- Reflektieren (1)
- Reflexionsanlässe (1)
- Reflexionsanregung (1)
- Reflexionsbogen (1)
- Reflexionsebenen (1)
- Reflexionsfähigkeit (1)
- Reflexionsqualität (1)
- Reform Judaism (1)
- Reformjudentum (1)
- Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 (Rome II) (1)
- Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 (Brussels Ibis) (1)
- Rehabilitation (1)
- Reisen (1)
- Repetition (1)
- Reproducible benchmarking (1)
- Resiliency (1)
- Resistance training (1)
- Resonanz (1)
- Restaphasie (1)
- Rhythmustraining (1)
- Rotifera (1)
- Rural health (1)
- Russia (1)
- Russland (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SEPE Factors (1)
- SEPS factors (1)
- SES (1)
- SFON (1)
- SRT (1)
- SRTM (1)
- STEM (1)
- Sachunterricht (1)
- Samen- und Eizellenspende (1)
- Sammelband (1)
- Shire River (1)
- Shoulder (1)
- Situationsrelevanz (1)
- Social impact (1)
- Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) factors (1)
- Sociotechnical Design (1)
- Sorgeberechtigte (1)
- South-Eastern Africa (1)
- Soziale Medien (1)
- Specific wood density (1)
- Sport-specific performance (1)
- Sprachentwicklung (1)
- Sprachentwicklungsstörung (1)
- Sprachförderung (1)
- Sprachsensibilität (1)
- Sprechmotorik (1)
- St. Nicolas House Analysis (1)
- Standard deviation (1)
- Statistical Exercise (1)
- Staunen (1)
- Stress response (1)
- Strukturlegetechnik (1)
- Strukturtheorie (1)
- Stud.IP (1)
- Student Engagement (1)
- Studienanfänger*innen (1)
- Studieneingang (1)
- Studieneingangsphase (1)
- Studienerfolg (1)
- Studiengestaltung (1)
- Studienmotivation (1)
- Studienverläufe (1)
- Studium (1)
- Sway (1)
- TAVI (1)
- TLR signaling (1)
- TMAO reductase (1)
- TMS (1)
- Tagung (1)
- TanDEM-X (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Telemedicine (1)
- Themenzentrierte Interaktion (1)
- Therapie (1)
- Therapieformate (1)
- Tiredness (1)
- Transaktionsanalyse (1)
- Transdisziplinarität (1)
- Tree allometry (1)
- Twitter (1)
- Type 1 diabetes (1)
- UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) (1)
- UN-Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte (UNGP) (1)
- Umfrage (1)
- Unterrichtsaufgaben (1)
- Unterrichtsmethoden (1)
- Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit (1)
- Unterrichtswahrnehmung (1)
- Unterstützte Kommunikation (1)
- VERA (1)
- VR (1)
- Validierung (1)
- Variance (1)
- Verhaltensintention (1)
- Verordnung (EG) 864/2007 (Rom II) (1)
- Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1215/2012 (Brüssel Ia) (1)
- Videografie (1)
- Videovignetten (1)
- Vorbereitungsdienst (1)
- Vorkenntnisse (1)
- Vorwissen (1)
- Wahrnehmen (1)
- Wearable electronic device (1)
- Wearable technology (1)
- Weltbeziehungssoziologie (1)
- Wirkungsforschung (1)
- Wissenschaftsgeschichte (1)
- Wissensgeschichte (1)
- Women and IT (1)
- Wood specific gravity (1)
- Woody aboveground biomass (1)
- WorldDEM (1)
- X-ray (1)
- Yamal (1)
- Yap1/Wwtr1 (Taz) (1)
- Zusammenarbeit (1)
- Zyklusmodell (1)
- academic leadership (1)
- accelerometer (1)
- acclimation (1)
- acid mine drainage (1)
- acoustic communication (1)
- adaptive Erklärkompetenz (1)
- adaptive management (1)
- addition (1)
- adipose tissue (1)
- adolescents (1)
- advanced dynamic flow (1)
- aerobic power (1)
- agence nationale d’assurance qualité en Guinée (1)
- aggression (1)
- aging (1)
- agricultural landscape (1)
- allocation policies (1)
- alpha-2 (1)
- animal migration (1)
- animal personality (1)
- anomalous diffusion (1)
- anterior PNP (1)
- anterior cruciate ligament (1)
- anthropometry (1)
- anti-cancer drugs (1)
- antibody (1)
- antidepressants (1)
- apoptosis (1)
- application of artificial intelligence (1)
- approximate methods (1)
- arable weeds (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- asymptotic method (1)
- athletes (1)
- athletic performance (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- automated radio telemetry (1)
- balance (1)
- basic need satisfaction and frustration (1)
- bats (1)
- behavior problems (1)
- behavioral and self-report measures (1)
- behavioral type (1)
- behaviour (1)
- benchmarking (1)
- berufliche Schulen (1)
- berufliches Lehramt (1)
- berufsbiographischer Ansatz (1)
- bibliometric analysis (1)
- bimodale Bilingualitäte (1)
- bio-psycho-soziales Modell der ICF (1)
- biodiversity conservation (1)
- biological age (1)
- biology (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- birth weight (1)
- bis-MGD (1)
- blockchain (1)
- body mass index (1)
- body proportions (1)
- bound phenolic compounds (1)
- brain health (1)
- breastfeeding (1)
- buffer zones (1)
- burnout (1)
- business process management (1)
- business processes (1)
- cTBS (1)
- callous-unemotional traits (1)
- callousness (1)
- camelid antibody (1)
- camelid heavy-chain-only antibodies (1)
- capabilities (1)
- capacity building (1)
- carbon cycling (1)
- cardiac catheterization (CC) (1)
- cardiac development (1)
- cardiology (1)
- cardiomyopathy (1)
- cardiovascular diseases (1)
- catch-up-growth (1)
- cellular bioenergetics (1)
- cellulose polymeric organic matter (1)
- central and peripheral vision (1)
- cereal leaf beetle (1)
- change of direction speed (1)
- changepoint analysis (1)
- changepoint detection (1)
- chaperone (1)
- child growth (1)
- children and adolescents (1)
- chimera (1)
- cholesterol (1)
- chronic health condition (1)
- chronic undernutrition (1)
- citation analysis (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate change adaptation (1)
- clinical sample (1)
- coffee processing (1)
- cognitive bias (1)
- cognitive/muscular fatigue (1)
- collegial casework (1)
- color (1)
- community model (1)
- completion rates (1)
- composition (1)
- constraint (1)
- consultation (1)
- content knowledge (1)
- continuing education activities (1)
- copy number analyses (1)
- corpus dataset (1)
- cost optimisation (1)
- counting (1)
- creativity (1)
- cross-species capture (1)
- cultural pluralism (1)
- culture de la qualité (1)
- cyberaggression (1)
- cytosine methylation (1)
- cytosolic tRNA thiolation (1)
- daily home-made measurements (1)
- deep neural networks (1)
- deferred choice (1)
- dental eruption (1)
- depressive disorder (1)
- depressive symptoms (1)
- derivational complexity (1)
- design of experiment (1)
- design thinking (1)
- deutsch-jüdische Geschichte (1)
- development (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diabetic (1)
- didactique participative (1)
- digital technologies (1)
- digital transformation (1)
- digitale Lernumgebung (1)
- digitale Transformation (1)
- digitales interaktives Lernmaterial (1)
- digitales soziales Netzwerk (1)
- disaster risk reduction (1)
- discrepancy principle (1)
- disorder recognition (1)
- distress (1)
- doctoral studies (1)
- drought events (1)
- drought intensity (1)
- drought projections (1)
- drug delivery (1)
- drug-sensitivity prediction (1)
- eavesdropping (1)
- eccentric-plyometric (1)
- echolocation (1)
- economy (1)
- ecophysiology (1)
- ecosystem restoration (1)
- education (1)
- eicosanoids (1)
- elderly (1)
- electrochemistry (1)
- elevated plus-maze (1)
- elf-determination theory (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- emergency management (1)
- emotional regulation (1)
- emotional stress (1)
- emotionale Schulerfahrungen (1)
- endocardium (1)
- endophytes (1)
- energy expenditure (1)
- enhancement (1)
- entropy (1)
- environmental pollution (1)
- erste Phase der Lehrer:innenbildung (1)
- erste Phase der Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- erythropoiesis (1)
- ethischer Relativismus (1)
- europäische Geschichte (1)
- everyday life (1)
- exercise cognition (1)
- exercise test (1)
- exercise training (1)
- external load (1)
- extracellular enzymes (1)
- extremophiles (1)
- eye movements (1)
- fachdidaktische Entwicklungsforschung (1)
- fear (1)
- federated learning (1)
- feedback (1)
- feeling of presence (1)
- fence ecology (1)
- fiction (1)
- finite-size effects (1)
- first-passage time (1)
- first-reaction time (1)
- fitness (1)
- floods (1)
- food access (1)
- food web (1)
- formal semantics (1)
- fractionation (1)
- frailty tool (1)
- frame index (1)
- frames of reference (1)
- freshwater (1)
- frustration (1)
- functional performance (1)
- functional traits (1)
- fungal pathogens (1)
- fungi (1)
- fächerverbindend (1)
- gait (1)
- games (1)
- gehörlos (1)
- genome scan (1)
- global change (1)
- globale Aphasie (1)
- graphs (1)
- ground reaction forces (1)
- growth references (1)
- growth standards (1)
- growth tempo (1)
- guideline (1)
- happiness (1)
- healthcare (1)
- heart rate (1)
- heavy-chain-only antibody (1)
- height in history (1)
- heliozoa (1)
- herbivory (1)
- high density lipoprotein cholesterol (1)
- high-sodium (1)
- hippocampal-prefrontal network (1)
- historical growth (1)
- history of science (1)
- home range (1)
- homologous recombination deficiency (1)
- homology-directed repair (1)
- hospitalization (1)
- human excised skin (1)
- human physical conditioning (1)
- hybridization capture (1)
- hydrolysis (1)
- iPhone (1)
- imaginary world (1)
- implicit learning (1)
- in-service training (1)
- inclusive education (1)
- individuelle Lernwege (1)
- informatische Grundkompetenzen (1)
- injury risk (1)
- innovation laboratories (1)
- inquiry (1)
- insulin (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- integration (1)
- intellectual ability (1)
- intellectual history (1)
- intelligence (1)
- intergroup contacts (1)
- internal load (1)
- international (1)
- international cooperation (1)
- internationalisation for higher education (1)
- interreligious dialogue (1)
- interreligiöser Dialog (1)
- intonation units (1)
- intra-organ-communication (1)
- intraguild predation (1)
- ion-exchange chromatography (1)
- jüdische Orthodoxie (1)
- kasuistische Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- kelp (1)
- kinematics (1)
- knots (1)
- kollegiale Fallbesprechung (1)
- kommunikative Partizipation (1)
- kriteriengeleitete Reflexion (1)
- kultureller Pluralismus (1)
- lake catchments (1)
- lakes (1)
- landscape transience (1)
- language courses (1)
- legal history (1)
- linear enamel hypoplasia (1)
- linear sprint (1)
- lipid peroxidation (1)
- lipids (1)
- locus coeruleus (1)
- loi de vigilance (1)
- long-term effects (1)
- low back pain (1)
- low density lipoprotein cholesterol (1)
- low-back-pain (1)
- l’assurance qualité dans l’enseignement supérieur guinéen (1)
- macrostructure (1)
- magnitude estimation (1)
- major depressive disorder (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- math (1)
- mathematical development (1)
- mathematical precursor (1)
- mcgraph (1)
- measurement (1)
- mechanobiology (1)
- memory studies (1)
- mental health (1)
- mental imagery (1)
- mental number line (1)
- mental simulation (1)
- meta-science (1)
- metabolic disease (1)
- meteorological drought (1)
- methods (1)
- miRNA (1)
- miRNAs (1)
- microplastics (1)
- microstructure (1)
- migrants (1)
- migration (1)
- mild cognitive impairment (1)
- mindfulness-based stress reduction (1)
- mini growth spurt (1)
- mining lakes (1)
- mitochondrial adaptation (1)
- mixed methods (1)
- mobility (1)
- molecular species identification (1)
- molecular weaving (1)
- molybdenum cofactor (1)
- monensin (1)
- mortality (1)
- motor-control-exercise (1)
- movement (1)
- multidisciplinary intervention (1)
- multidisciplinary-therapy (1)
- multiple modalities (1)
- muscle metabolism (1)
- muscle strength (1)
- musculoskeletal and neural physiological phenomena (1)
- museum specimens (1)
- myocardium (1)
- nanobodies (1)
- nanogels (1)
- narrative (1)
- narrative skills (1)
- national quality assurance agency in Guinea (1)
- natural language processing (1)
- natural particle (1)
- nature of science (1)
- need profiles (1)
- neovascularization (1)
- network reconstruction (1)
- networks (1)
- neue Technologien (1)
- neurological disorders (1)
- neuromuscular (1)
- neutralization (1)
- nineteenth century (1)
- non-adjacent dependencies (1)
- nonlinear operator (1)
- novel biomarkers (1)
- nucleic acids (1)
- number knowledge (1)
- numerical development (1)
- numerical skills (1)
- nutrition (1)
- nutritional status (1)
- object search (1)
- older patients (1)
- oncology (1)
- open-field (1)
- optimal rate (1)
- oracles (1)
- osteuropäisch-jüdische Geschichte (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- oxygen consumption (1)
- pace of life (1)
- paleoclimate (1)
- pandemic (1)
- parentage (1)
- participatory didactics (1)
- past biosphere (1)
- peacebuilding (1)
- peak height velocity (1)
- pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) (1)
- pedagogical reasoning (1)
- peptide biomarkers (1)
- performance (1)
- performance evaluation (1)
- periodic entanglement (1)
- permafrost (1)
- phonetics (1)
- phonotaxis (1)
- photoresponse (1)
- photosynthesis (1)
- physical fitness (1)
- physical time (1)
- physiology (1)
- playback (1)
- plyometric exercise (1)
- polyenoic fatty acids (1)
- post-natal (1)
- posterior P600 (1)
- pre-natal (1)
- pre-service teacher (1)
- precaution (1)
- precuneus (1)
- predictability (1)
- predictive models (1)
- preschool children (1)
- preschoolers (1)
- prevention (1)
- priming (1)
- print culture (1)
- privacy and security (1)
- privacy attack (1)
- probabilistic processing (1)
- problem solving (1)
- professional development (1)
- professional knowledge (1)
- professionalization (1)
- professionelle Handlungskompetenz (1)
- professionelle Handlungskompetenzen (1)
- proposal writing (1)
- prosocial (1)
- prosody (1)
- protein modification (1)
- psycho-oncology (1)
- psychoeducation (1)
- psychopathology (1)
- psychophysiological (1)
- psychotherapy process (1)
- pubertal timing (1)
- public health (1)
- public universities in Kenya (1)
- pupil diameter (1)
- purification (1)
- qualitativ-rekonstruktive Methoden der Sozialforschung (1)
- quality (1)
- quality assurance (1)
- quality assurance in Guinean higher education (1)
- quality assurance structures (1)
- quality culture (1)
- quality evaluation (1)
- quality in higher education (1)
- questioning solutions (1)
- rabbis (1)
- random sampling (1)
- redox state (1)
- refined consensus model (RCM) (1)
- reflective breadth (1)
- reflective depth (1)
- reflective skills (1)
- reflexionsbezogene Lerngelegenheit (1)
- reflexive Grundhaltung (1)
- reflexive Inklusion (1)
- reflexiver Habitus (1)
- reflexives Schreiben (1)
- refugees (1)
- regularization (1)
- regulation of growth (1)
- religious education (1)
- religiöse Bildung (1)
- remote sensing data (1)
- remote teaching (1)
- repetition (1)
- reproductive success (1)
- research design (1)
- resistance training (1)
- resource-tracking (1)
- response inhibition (1)
- response styles theory (1)
- response time (1)
- resting-state fMRI (1)
- return-to-sport (1)
- reversed-phase chromatography (1)
- review (1)
- rheumatic diseases (1)
- risk management (1)
- role-play (1)
- rotifer (1)
- rule learning (1)
- rumination (1)
- runners (1)
- running mechanics (1)
- rural (1)
- rédaction de projets (1)
- sAA (1)
- scene memorization (1)
- scene viewing (1)
- science teaching (1)
- secular changes (1)
- sedaDNA (1)
- sedentary (1)
- sediment core (1)
- selenite (1)
- self-control (1)
- seminar concept (1)
- sensitivity (1)
- sensomotorische Synchronisation (1)
- serial reaction time (SRT) task (1)
- shared leadership (1)
- shell-like geometries (1)
- short-term growth (1)
- signal propagation (1)
- single case analysis (1)
- single domain antibodies (1)
- single-case design (1)
- single-case experimental design (1)
- skeletal age (1)
- skin penetration (1)
- smart contracts (1)
- social capital (1)
- social class (1)
- social environment (1)
- social status insecurity (1)
- socioeconomy (1)
- solitary bees (1)
- soliton (1)
- sonography (1)
- source-to-sink (1)
- spatial autocorrelation (1)
- spatial frequencies (1)
- spatial language (1)
- spatial updating (1)
- spatially explicit (1)
- special education (1)
- speech (1)
- speed (1)
- sport-specific performance (1)
- sports (1)
- stability (1)
- standardized patient (1)
- standardized patient information (1)
- standards (1)
- standing long jump (1)
- starch granule (1)
- starch granule morphology (1)
- starch granule size (1)
- starch metabolism (1)
- stochastic resetting (1)
- stratigraphy (1)
- stress (1)
- stress intervention (1)
- stress management (1)
- striking combat sports (1)
- structural and operational changes (1)
- structural equation model (1)
- structures d’assurance qualité (1)
- studentische Forschung (1)
- study designs (1)
- study protocol (1)
- subtraction (1)
- sulfite oxidase (1)
- sustainability (1)
- syntax (1)
- tVNS (1)
- tacrolimus formulation (1)
- taekwondo electronic scoring system (1)
- taekwondo-specific testing (1)
- talk-in-interaction (1)
- tangles (1)
- target capture (1)
- teacher learning (1)
- teacher quality (1)
- teacher training (1)
- teaching education (1)
- teaching practice (1)
- tendinosis (1)
- theoriegeleitete Praxisphasen (1)
- therapeutisches Milieu (1)
- therapist competence (1)
- theta (1)
- time-efficient exercise (1)
- toxicity (1)
- training (1)
- training adaptation (1)
- training for sustainability (1)
- training programme (1)
- transatlantic history (1)
- transatlantische Geschichte (1)
- transformation (1)
- transformation products (1)
- transformatorische Bildung (1)
- translation (1)
- travel (1)
- treatment integrity (1)
- triglycerides (1)
- type 2 diabetes (1)
- type specimens (1)
- ultrasound (1)
- uncaring (1)
- unemotional (1)
- ungulate (1)
- university leadership in Malaysia (1)
- university management (1)
- universitäre Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- usability (1)
- variabler Unterrichtsmodus (1)
- veterinary cordon fence (1)
- veterinary drugs (1)
- vicious cycle (1)
- videobasierte Unterrichtsreflexion (1)
- vignettes (1)
- virus infection (1)
- voice (1)
- water sports (1)
- web-based (1)
- wh-ex-situ (1)
- wh-in-situ (1)
- wh-questions (1)
- wildlife and habitat management (1)
- wissenschaftliches Arbeiten (1)
- wissenschaftliches Schreiben (1)
- workflow patterns (1)
- working memory (1)
- yellow flags (1)
- youth soccer (1)
- youth sport (1)
- youth sports (1)
- zebrafish (1)
- zweite Ausbildungsphase (1)
- évaluation de la qualité (1)
- α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (1)
- „Natur der Naturwissenschaften“ (1)
- social network analysis (1)
- team creativity (1)
- intrapreneurship (1)
Institute
- Extern (329) (remove)
Cellulose and chitin are the most abundant polymeric, organic carbon source globally. Thus, microbes degrading these polymers significantly influence global carbon cycling and greenhouse gas production. Fungi are recognized as important for cellulose decomposition in terrestrial environments, but are far less studied in marine environments, where bacterial organic matter degradation pathways tend to receive more attention. In this study, we investigated the potential of fungi to degrade kelp detritus, which is a major source of cellulose in marine systems. Given that kelp detritus can be transported considerable distances in the marine environment, we were specifically interested in the capability of endophytic fungi, which are transported with detritus, to ultimately contribute to kelp detritus degradation. We isolated 10 species and two strains of endophytic fungi from the kelp Ecklonia radiata. We then used a dye decolorization assay to assess their ability to degrade organic polymers (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) under both oxic and anoxic conditions and compared their degradation ability with common terrestrial fungi. Under oxic conditions, there was evidence that Ascomycota isolates produced cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes (associated with manganese peroxidase and sulfur-containing lignin peroxidase), while Mucoromycota isolates appeared to produce both lignin and cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes, and all Basidiomycota isolates produced lignin-degrading enzymes (associated with laccase and lignin peroxidase). Under anoxic conditions, only three kelp endophytes degraded cellulose. We concluded that kelp fungal endophytes can contribute to cellulose degradation in both oxic and anoxic environments. Thus, endophytic kelp fungi may play a significant role in marine carbon cycling via polymeric organic matter degradation.
Development of chronic pain after a low back pain episode is associated with increased pain sensitivity, altered pain processing mechanisms and the influence of psychosocial factors. Although there is some evidence that multimodal therapy (such as behavioral or motor control therapy) may be an important therapeutic strategy, its long-term effect on pain reduction and psychosocial load is still unclear. Prospective longitudinal designs providing information about the extent of such possible long-term effects are missing. This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of a homebased uni- and multidisciplinary motor control exercise program on low back pain intensity, disability and psychosocial variables. 14 months after completion of a multicenter study comparing uni- and multidisciplinary exercise interventions, a sample of one study center (n = 154) was assessed once more. Participants filled in questionnaires regarding their low back pain symptoms (characteristic pain intensity and related disability), stress and vital exhaustion (short version of the Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire), anxiety and depression experiences (the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale), and pain-related cognitions (the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire). Repeated measures mixed ANCOVAs were calculated to determine the long-term effects of the interventions on characteristic pain intensity and disability as well as on the psychosocial variables. Fifty four percent of the sub-sample responded to the questionnaires (n = 84). Longitudinal analyses revealed a significant long-term effect of the exercise intervention on pain disability. The multidisciplinary group missed statistical significance yet showed a medium sized long-term effect. The groups did not differ in their changes of the psychosocial variables of interest. There was evidence of long-term effects of the interventions on pain-related disability, but there was no effect on the other variables of interest. This may be partially explained by participant's low comorbidities at baseline. Results are important regarding costless homebased alternatives for back pain patients and prevention tasks. Furthermore, this study closes the gap of missing long-term effect analysis in this field.
The olfactomotor system is especially investigated by examining the sniffing in reaction to olfactory stimuli. The motor output of respiratory-independent muscles was seldomly considered regarding possible influences of smells. The Adaptive Force (AF) characterizes the capability of the neuromuscular system to adapt to external forces in a holding manner and was suggested to be more vulnerable to possible interfering stimuli due to the underlying complex control processes. The aim of this pilot study was to measure the effects of olfactory inputs on the AF of the hip and elbow flexors, respectively. The AF of 10 subjects was examined manually by experienced testers while smelling at sniffing sticks with neutral, pleasant or disgusting odours. The reaction force and the limb position were recorded by a handheld device. The results show, inter alia, a significantly lower maximal isometric AF and a significantly higher AF at the onset of oscillations by perceiving disgusting odours compared to pleasant or neutral odours (p < 0.001). The adaptive holding capacity seems to reflect the functionality of the neuromuscular control, which can be impaired by disgusting olfactory inputs. An undisturbed functioning neuromuscular system appears to be characterized by a proper length tension control and by an earlier onset of mutual oscillations during an external force increase. This highlights the strong connection of olfaction and motor control also regarding respiratory-independent muscles.
Background
Relatively little is known about protective factors and the emergence and maintenance of positive outcomes in the field of adolescents with chronic conditions. Therefore, the primary aim of the study is to acquire a deeper understanding of the dynamic process of resilience factors, coping strategies and psychosocial adjustment of adolescents living with chronic conditions.
Methods/design
We plan to consecutively recruit N = 450 adolescents (12–21 years) from three German patient registries for chronic conditions (type 1 diabetes, cystic fibrosis, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis). Based on screening for anxiety and depression, adolescents are assigned to two parallel groups – “inconspicuous” (PHQ-9 and GAD-7 < 7) vs. “conspicuous” (PHQ-9 or GAD-7 ≥ 7) – participating in a prospective online survey at baseline and 12-month follow-up. At two time points (T1, T2), we assess (1) intra- and interpersonal resiliency factors, (2) coping strategies, and (3) health-related quality of life, well-being, satisfaction with life, anxiety and depression. Using a cross-lagged panel design, we will examine the bidirectional longitudinal relations between resiliency factors and coping strategies, psychological adaptation, and psychosocial adjustment. To monitor Covid-19 pandemic effects, participants are also invited to take part in an intermediate online survey.
Discussion
The study will provide a deeper understanding of adaptive, potentially modifiable processes and will therefore help to develop novel, tailored interventions supporting a positive adaptation in youths with a chronic condition. These strategies should not only support those at risk but also promote the maintenance of a successful adaptation.
Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), no. DRKS00025125. Registered on May 17, 2021.
Research on problem solving offers insights into how humans process task-related information and which strategies they use (Newell and Simon, 1972; Öllinger et al., 2014). Problem solving can be defined as the search for possible changes in one's mind (Kahneman, 2003). In a recent study, Adams et al. (2021) assessed whether the predominant problem solving strategy when making changes involves adding or subtracting elements. In order to do this, they used several examples of simple problems, such as editing text or making visual patterns symmetrical, either in naturalistic settings or on-line. The essence of the authors' findings is a strong preference to add rather than subtract elements across a diverse range of problems, including the stabilizing of artifacts, creating symmetrical patterns, or editing texts. More specifically, they succeeded in demonstrating that “participants were less likely to identify advantageous subtractive changes when the task did not (vs. did) cue them to consider subtraction, when they had only one opportunity (vs. several) to recognize the shortcomings of an additive search strategy or when they were under a higher (vs. lower) cognitive load” (Adams et al., 2021, p. 258).
Addition and subtraction are generally defined as de-contextualized mathematical operations using abstract symbols (Russell, 1903/1938). Nevertheless, understanding of both symbols and operations is informed by everyday activities, such as making or breaking objects (Lakoff and Núñez, 2000; Fischer and Shaki, 2018). The universal attribution of “addition bias” or “subtraction neglect” to problem solving activities is perhaps a convenient shorthand but it overlooks influential framing effects beyond those already acknowledged in the report and the accompanying commentary (Meyvis and Yoon, 2021).
Most importantly, while Adams et al.'s study addresses an important issue, their very method of verbally instructing participants, together with lack of control over several known biases, might render their findings less than conclusive. Below, we discuss our concerns that emerged from the identified biases, namely those regarding the instructions and the experimental materials. Moreover, we refer to research from mathematical cognition that provides new insights into Adams et al.'s findings.
Children’s physical fitness development and related moderating effects of age and sex are well documented, especially boys’ and girls’ divergence during puberty. The situation might be different during prepuberty. As girls mature approximately two years earlier than boys, we tested a possible convergence of performance with five tests representing four components of physical fitness in a large sample of 108,295 eight-year old third-graders. Within this single prepubertal year of life and irrespective of the test, performance increased linearly with chronological age, and boys outperformed girls to a larger extent in tests requiring muscle mass for successful performance. Tests differed in the magnitude of age effects (gains), but there was no evidence for an interaction between age and sex. Moreover, “physical fitness” of schools correlated at r = 0.48 with their age effect which might imply that "fit schools” promote larger gains; expected secular trends from 2011 to 2019 were replicated.
Recreational exercising and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases in German people living with HIV
(2021)
Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95% CI: 0.10–0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95% CI: 0.10–1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.
Background
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk cluster for a number of secondary diseases. The implementation of prevention programs requires early detection of individuals at risk. However, access to health care providers is limited in structurally weak regions. Brandenburg, a rural federal state in Germany, has an especially high MetS prevalence and disease burden. This study aims to validate and test the feasibility of a setup for mobile diagnostics of MetS and its secondary diseases, to evaluate the MetS prevalence and its association with moderating factors in Brandenburg and to identify new ways of early prevention, while establishing a “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” to reveal new causes and risk factors for MetS.
Methods
In a pilot study, setups for mobile diagnostics of MetS and secondary diseases will be developed and validated. A van will be equipped as an examination room using point-of-care blood analyzers and by mobilizing standard methods. In study part A, these mobile diagnostic units will be placed at different locations in Brandenburg to locally recruit 5000 participants aged 40-70 years. They will be examined for MetS and advice on nutrition and physical activity will be provided. Questionnaires will be used to evaluate sociodemographics, stress perception, and physical activity. In study part B, participants with MetS, but without known secondary diseases, will receive a detailed mobile medical examination, including MetS diagnostics, medical history, clinical examinations, and instrumental diagnostics for internal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and cognitive disorders. Participants will receive advice on nutrition and an exercise program will be demonstrated on site. People unable to participate in these mobile examinations will be interviewed by telephone. If necessary, participants will be referred to general practitioners for further diagnosis.
Discussion
The mobile diagnostics approach enables early detection of individuals at risk, and their targeted referral to local health care providers. Evaluation of the MetS prevalence, its relation to risk-increasing factors, and the “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” create a unique database for further longitudinal studies on the implementation of home-based prevention programs to reduce mortality, especially in rural regions.
Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00022764; registered 07 October 2020—retrospectively registered.
River-valley morphology preserves information on tectonic and climatic conditions that shape landscapes. Observations suggest that river discharge and valley-wall lithology are the main controls on valley width. Yet, current models based on these observations fail to explain the full range of cross-sectional valley shapes in nature, suggesting hitherto unquantified controls on valley width. In particular, current models cannot explain the existence of paired terrace sequences that form under cyclic climate forcing. Paired river terraces are staircases of abandoned floodplains on both valley sides, and hence preserve past valley widths. Their formation requires alternating phases of predominantly river incision and predominantly lateral planation, plus progressive valley narrowing. While cyclic Quaternary climate changes can explain shifts between incision and lateral erosion, the driving mechanism of valley narrowing is unknown. Here, we extract valley geometries from climatically formed, alluvial river-terrace sequences and show that across our dataset, the total cumulative terrace height (here: total valley height) explains 90%–99% of the variance in valley width at the terrace sites. This finding suggests that valley height, or a parameter that scales linearly with valley height, controls valley width in addition to river discharge and lithology. To explain this valley-width-height relationship, we reformulate existing valley-width models and suggest that, when adjusting to new boundary conditions, alluvial valleys evolve to a width at which sediment removal from valley walls matches lateral sediment supply from hillslope erosion. Such a hillslope-channel coupling is not captured in current valley-evolution models. Our model can explain the existence of paired terrace sequences under cyclic climate forcing and relates valley width to measurable field parameters. Therefore, it facilitates the reconstruction of past climatic and tectonic conditions from valley topography.
In numerical processing, the functional role of Spatial-Numerical Associations (SNAs, such as the association of smaller numbers with left space and larger numbers with right space, the Mental Number Line hypothesis) is debated. Most studies demonstrate SNAs with lateralized responses, and there is little evidence that SNAs appear when no response is required. We recorded passive holding grip forces in no-go trials during number processing. In Experiment 1, participants performed a surface numerical decision task (“Is it a number or a letter?”). In Experiment 2, we used a deeper semantic task (“Is this number larger or smaller than five?”). Despite instruction to keep their grip force constant, participants' spontaneous grip force changed in both experiments: Smaller numbers led to larger force increase in the left than in the right hand in the numerical decision task (500–700 ms after stimulus onset). In the semantic task, smaller numbers again led to larger force increase in the left hand, and larger numbers increased the right-hand holding force. This effect appeared earlier (180 ms) and lasted longer (until 580 ms after stimulus onset). This is the first demonstration of SNAs with passive holding force. Our result suggests that (1) explicit motor response is not a prerequisite for SNAs to appear, and (2) the timing and strength of SNAs are task-dependent. (216 words).
Numerical magnitude information is assumed to be spatially represented in the form of a mental number line defined with respect to a body-centred, egocentric frame of reference. In this context, spatial language skills such as mastery of verbal descriptions of spatial position (e.g., in front of, behind, to the right/left) have been proposed to be relevant for grasping spatial relations between numerical magnitudes on the mental number line. We examined 4- to 5-year-old’s spatial language skills in tasks that allow responses in egocentric and allocentric frames of reference, as well as their relative understanding of numerical magnitude (assessed by a number word comparison task). In addition, we evaluated influences of children’s absolute understanding of numerical magnitude assessed by their number word comprehension (montring different numbers using their fingers) and of their knowledge on numerical sequences (determining predecessors and successors as well as identifying missing dice patterns of a series). Results indicated that when considering responses that corresponded to the egocentric perspective, children’s spatial language was associated significantly with their relative numerical magnitude understanding, even after controlling for covariates, such as children’s SES, mental rotation skills, and also absolute magnitude understanding or knowledge on numerical sequences. This suggests that the use of egocentric reference frames in spatial language may facilitate spatial representation of numbers along a mental number line and thus seem important for preschoolers’ relative understanding of numerical magnitude.
Wild bee species are important pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, population decline was reported over the last decades and is still ongoing. While agricultural intensification is a major driver of the rapid loss of pollinating species, transition zones between arable fields and forest or grassland patches, i.e., agricultural buffer zones, are frequently mentioned as suitable mitigation measures to support wild bee populations and other pollinator species. Despite the reported general positive effect, it remains unclear which amount of buffer zones is needed to ensure a sustainable and permanent impact for enhancing bee diversity and abundance. To address this question at a pollinator community level, we implemented a process-based, spatially explicit simulation model of functional bee diversity dynamics in an agricultural landscape. More specifically, we introduced a variable amount of agricultural buffer zones (ABZs) at the transition of arable to grassland, or arable to forest patches to analyze the impact on bee functional diversity and functional richness. We focused our study on solitary bees in a typical agricultural area in the Northeast of Germany. Our results showed positive effects with at least 25% of virtually implemented agricultural buffer zones. However, higher amounts of ABZs of at least 75% should be considered to ensure a sufficient increase in Shannon diversity and decrease in quasi-extinction risks. These high amounts of ABZs represent effective conservation measures to safeguard the stability of pollination services provided by solitary bee species. As the model structure can be easily adapted to other mobile species in agricultural landscapes, our community approach offers the chance to compare the effectiveness of conservation measures also for other pollinator communities in future.
Dementia as one of the most prevalent diseases urges for a better understanding of the central mechanisms responsible for clinical symptoms, and necessitates improvement of actual diagnostic capabilities. The brainstem nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) is a promising target for early diagnosis because of its early structural alterations and its relationship to the functional disturbances in the patients. In this study, we applied our improved method of localisation-based LC resting-state fMRI to investigate the differences in central sensory signal processing when comparing functional connectivity (fc) of a patient group with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 28) and an age-matched healthy control group (n = 29). MCI and control participants could be differentiated in their Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) scores (p < .001) and LC intensity ratio (p = .010). In the fMRI, LC fc to anterior cingulate cortex (FDR p < .001) and left anterior insula (FDR p = .012) was elevated, and LC fc to right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ, FDR p = .012) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC, FDR p = .021) was decreased in the patient group. Importantly, LC to rTPJ connectivity was also positively correlated to MMSE scores in MCI patients (p = .017). Furthermore, we found a hyperactivation of the left-insula salience network in the MCI patients. Our results and our proposed disease model shed new light on the functional pathogenesis of MCI by directing to attentional network disturbances, which could aid new therapeutic strategies and provide a marker for diagnosis and prediction of disease progression.
The intake of high-fat diets (HFDs) containing large amounts of saturated long-chain fatty acids leads to obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The trace element selenium, as a crucial part of antioxidative selenoproteins, can protect against the development of diet-induced insulin resistance in white adipose tissue (WAT) by increasing glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) and insulin receptor (IR) expression. Whether selenite (Se) can attenuate insulin resistance in established lipotoxic and obese conditions is unclear. We confirm that GPX3 mRNA expression in adipose tissue correlates with BMI in humans. Cultivating 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in palmitate-containing medium followed by Se treatment attenuates insulin resistance with enhanced GPx3 and IR expression and adipocyte differentiation. However, feeding obese mice a selenium-enriched high-fat diet (SRHFD) only resulted in a modest increase in overall selenoprotein gene expression in WAT in mice with unaltered body weight development, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. While Se supplementation improved adipocyte morphology, it did not alter WAT insulin sensitivity. However, mice fed a SRHFD exhibited increased insulin content in the pancreas. Overall, while selenite protects against palmitate-induced insulin resistance in vitro, obesity impedes the effect of selenite on insulin action and adipose tissue metabolism in vivo.
Cutting-edge hyperscanning methods led to a paradigm shift in social neuroscience. It allowed researchers to measure dynamic mutual alignment of neural processes between two or more individuals in naturalistic contexts. The ever-growing interest in hyperscanning research calls for the development of transparent and validated data analysis methods to further advance the field. We have developed and tested a dual electroencephalography (EEG) analysis pipeline, namely DEEP. Following the preprocessing of the data, DEEP allows users to calculate Phase Locking Values (PLVs) and cross-frequency PLVs as indices of inter-brain phase alignment of dyads as well as time-frequency responses and EEG power for each participant. The pipeline also includes scripts to control for spurious correlations. Our goal is to contribute to open and reproducible science practices by making DEEP publicly available together with an example mother-infant EEG hyperscanning dataset.
The role of the GMP nucleotides of the bis-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide (bis-MGD) cofactor of the DMSO reductase family has long been a subject of discussion. The recent characterization of the bis-molybdopterin (bis-Mo-MPT) cofactor present in the E. coli YdhV protein, which differs from bis-MGD solely by the absence of the nucleotides, now enables studying the role of the nucleotides of bis-MGD and bis-MPT cofactors in Moco insertion and the activity of molybdoenzymes in direct comparison. Using the well-known E. coli TMAO reductase TorA as a model enzyme for cofactor insertion, we were able to show that the GMP nucleotides of bis-MGD are crucial for the insertion of the bis-MGD cofactor into apo-TorA.
Extreme habitats often harbor specific communities that differ substantially from non-extreme habitats. In many cases, these communities are characterized by archaea, bacteria and protists, whereas the number of species of metazoa and higher plants is relatively low. In extremely acidic habitats, mostly prokaryotes and protists thrive, and only very few metazoa thrive, for example, rotifers. Since many studies have investigated the physiology and ecology of individual species, there is still a gap in research on direct, trophic interactions among extremophiles. To fill this gap, we experimentally studied the trophic interactions between a predatory protist (Actinophrys sol, Heliozoa) and its prey, the rotifers Elosa woralli and Cephalodella sp., the ciliate Urosomoida sp. and the mixotrophic protist Chlamydomonas acidophila (a green phytoflagellate, Chlorophyta). We found substantial predation pressure on all animal prey. High densities of Chlamydomonas acidophila reduced the predation impact on the rotifers by interfering with the feeding behaviour of A. sol. These trophic relations represent a natural case of intraguild predation, with Chlamydomonas acidophila being the common prey and the rotifers/ciliate and A. sol being the intraguild prey and predator, respectively. We further studied this intraguild predation along a resource gradient using Cephalodella sp. as the intraguild prey. The interactions among the three species led to an increase in relative rotifer abundance with increasing resource (Chlamydomonas) densities. By applying a series of laboratory experiments, we revealed the complexity of trophic interactions within a natural extremophilic community.
Large-scale databases that report the inhibitory capacities of many combinations of candidate drug compounds and cultivated cancer cell lines have driven the development of preclinical drug-sensitivity models based on machine learning. However, cultivated cell lines have devolved from human cancer cells over years or even decades under selective pressure in culture conditions. Moreover, models that have been trained on in vitro data cannot account for interactions with other types of cells. Drug-response data that are based on patient-derived cell cultures, xenografts, and organoids, on the other hand, are not available in the quantities that are needed to train high-capacity machine-learning models. We found that pre-training deep neural network models of drug sensitivity on in vitro drug-sensitivity databases before fine-tuning the model parameters on patient-derived data improves the models’ accuracy and improves the biological plausibility of the features, compared to training only on patient-derived data. From our experiments, we can conclude that pre-trained models outperform models that have been trained on the target domains in the vast majority of cases.
The Role of the Precuneus in Human Spatial Updating in a Real Environment Setting—A cTBS Study
(2022)
As we move through an environment, we update positions of our body relative to other objects, even when some objects temporarily or permanently leave our field of view—this ability is termed egocentric spatial updating and plays an important role in everyday life. Still, our knowledge about its representation in the brain is still scarce, with previous studies using virtual movements in virtual environments or patients with brain lesions suggesting that the precuneus might play an important role. However, whether this assumption is also true when healthy humans move in real environments where full body-based cues are available in addition to the visual cues typically used in many VR studies is unclear. Therefore, in this study we investigated the role of the precuneus in egocentric spatial updating in a real environment setting in 20 healthy young participants who underwent two conditions in a cross-over design: (a) stimulation, achieved through applying continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) to inhibit the precuneus and (b) sham condition (activated coil turned upside down). In both conditions, participants had to walk back with blindfolded eyes to objects they had previously memorized while walking with open eyes. Simplified trials (without spatial updating) were used as control condition, to make sure the participants were not affected by factors such as walking blindfolded, vestibular or working memory deficits. A significant interaction was found, with participants performing better in the sham condition compared to real stimulation, showing smaller errors both in distance and angle. The results of our study reveal evidence of an important role of the precuneus in a real-environment egocentric spatial updating; studies on larger samples are necessary to confirm and further investigate this finding.
We present the first systematic literature review on stress and burnout in K−12 teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a systematic literature search, we identified 17 studies that included 9,874 K−12 teachers from around the world. These studies showed some indication that burnout did increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were, however, almost no differences in the levels of stress and burnout experienced by K−12 teachers compared to individuals employed in other occupational fields. School principals' leadership styles emerged as an organizational characteristic that is highly relevant for K−12 teachers' levels of stress and burnout. Individual teacher characteristics associated with burnout were K−12 teachers' personality, self-efficacy in online teaching, and perceived vulnerability to COVID-19. In order to reduce stress, there was an indication that stress-management training in combination with training in technology use for teaching may be superior to stress-management training alone. Future research needs to adopt more longitudinal designs and examine the interplay between individual and organizational characteristics in the development of teacher stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.