Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (999)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (209)
- Doctoral Thesis (201)
- Postprint (68)
- Review (25)
- Master's Thesis (17)
- Other (15)
- Conference Proceeding (6)
- Habilitation Thesis (6)
- Report (6)
Language
- English (788)
- German (765)
- Spanish (3)
- Multiple languages (2)
- French (1)
Keywords
- Curriculum Framework (37)
- European values education (37)
- Europäische Werteerziehung (37)
- Lehrevaluation (37)
- Studierendenaustausch (37)
- Unterrichtseinheiten (37)
- climate change (37)
- curriculum framework (37)
- lesson evaluation (37)
- student exchange (37)
- teaching units (37)
- Familie (35)
- Family (35)
- Klimawandel (15)
- Germany (14)
- vulnerability (12)
- Modellierung (11)
- adaptation (10)
- hydrology (10)
- uncertainty (10)
- Diskussion-Unterricht (9)
- Education (9)
- Geographie-Didaktik (9)
- Geographie-Studium (9)
- Geographie-Unterricht (9)
- Metzler Handbuch 2.0 (9)
- Unterrichtsmethoden (9)
- Discussion (8)
- Geography Education (8)
- Hochwasser (8)
- Strategies (8)
- floods (8)
- machine learning (8)
- Climate change (7)
- Europe (7)
- Hydrologie (7)
- Klimaanpassung (7)
- modeling (7)
- modelling (7)
- Turkey (6)
- flood risk (6)
- land use (6)
- variability (6)
- GIS (5)
- Transformation (5)
- Unsicherheit (5)
- Unsicherheiten (5)
- Vulnerabilität (5)
- catchment (5)
- nutrients (5)
- permafrost (5)
- preparedness (5)
- random forest (5)
- remote sensing (5)
- validation (5)
- water quality (5)
- Deutschland (4)
- Erosion (4)
- Fernerkundung (4)
- Geographieunterricht (4)
- Klimaänderung (4)
- Landnutzung (4)
- Slumming (4)
- Slumtourismus (4)
- Starkregen (4)
- Tibetan Plateau (4)
- Tourismus (4)
- climate change adaptation (4)
- climate change impacts (4)
- damage (4)
- deep learning (4)
- disaster risk reduction (4)
- drought (4)
- dynamics (4)
- flood (4)
- global change (4)
- model (4)
- numerical modeling (4)
- risk (4)
- seasonality (4)
- sensitivity analysis (4)
- slumming (4)
- soil moisture (4)
- sustainability (4)
- temperature (4)
- water balance (4)
- Adaptation (3)
- Air pollution (3)
- Arctic (3)
- Berlin (3)
- Biodiversity (3)
- Chile (3)
- ERA5 (3)
- Evaluation (3)
- Extreme events (3)
- Forstwirtschaft (3)
- GLOF (3)
- Geomorphologie (3)
- Grundwasser (3)
- Himalaya (3)
- Kartographie (3)
- Lake Malawi (3)
- Landnutzungsänderung (3)
- Landwirtschaft (3)
- Luftverschmutzung (3)
- Mediterranean basin (3)
- Mekong Delta (3)
- Migration (3)
- Mongolia (3)
- Nachhaltigkeit (3)
- Nitrogen (3)
- Nährstoffe (3)
- Risiko (3)
- Risk reduction (3)
- Rumänien (3)
- Schadensmodellierung (3)
- Shire River (3)
- Siberia (3)
- Soil erosion (3)
- South Africa (3)
- Stadtentwicklung (3)
- Stadtplanung (3)
- Stickstoff (3)
- Wasserqualität (3)
- agriculture (3)
- analysis (3)
- biomass (3)
- calibration (3)
- carbon sequestration (3)
- classification (3)
- convolutional neural network (3)
- drought intensity (3)
- drought projections (3)
- earthquake (3)
- erosion (3)
- events (3)
- flood hazards (3)
- flood risk management (3)
- flooding (3)
- geography education (3)
- geomorphology (3)
- health (3)
- hierarchical clustering (3)
- hydrological models (3)
- hydrological processes (3)
- hydrologische Modellierung (3)
- insurance (3)
- inundation (3)
- lakes (3)
- land use change (3)
- last glacial maximum (3)
- machine (3)
- meteorological drought (3)
- natural hazards (3)
- pathway (3)
- planning (3)
- pluvial flooding (3)
- pollen (3)
- prediction (3)
- private households (3)
- resilience (3)
- restoration (3)
- risk analysis (3)
- risk governance (3)
- risk perception (3)
- risk perceptions (3)
- runoff (3)
- scale (3)
- sediment transport (3)
- simulation (3)
- slum tourism (3)
- soil erosion (3)
- stakeholder participation (3)
- support vector machine (3)
- tourism (3)
- township tourism (3)
- transformation (3)
- uncertainties (3)
- water security (3)
- 5-day waves (2)
- 6.5-Day wave (2)
- Abandonment (2)
- Alltag (2)
- Alps (2)
- Anthropogene Klimaänderung (2)
- Arctic lakes (2)
- Armut (2)
- Authentizität (2)
- Baltic Sea (2)
- Bay of Biscay (2)
- Bayesian statistics (2)
- Big Data (2)
- Bodenerosion (2)
- Bodenhydrologie (2)
- Brandenburg (2)
- Brasilien (2)
- Brazil (2)
- CORDEX data (2)
- Cape Town (2)
- Carbon (2)
- China (2)
- City ranking (2)
- Climate adaptation (2)
- Cluster analysis (2)
- Clusteranalyse (2)
- Compound events (2)
- Crustal structure (2)
- Datenbank (2)
- Deforestation (2)
- Determinants (2)
- Disko Bay (2)
- Drivers (2)
- Droughts (2)
- Dürre (2)
- East Germany (2)
- Ecosystem services (2)
- Einzugsgebiet (2)
- Emission scenarios (2)
- Entwicklungspolitik (2)
- Environmental sciences (2)
- Euglyphida (2)
- Extreme weather (2)
- Extremereignisse (2)
- FTIR spectroscopy (2)
- Flood (2)
- Floods (2)
- Flusshochwasser (2)
- Fuel cell electric vehicle (2)
- Future projections (2)
- Geographie (2)
- Geoinformatik (2)
- Geoinformation (2)
- Geostatistik (2)
- German road transport (2)
- Greenhouse gas mitigation (2)
- Greenhouse gases (2)
- Hess-Brezowsky Großwetterlagen classification (2)
- Hitze (2)
- Hochwasserrisiko (2)
- Holocene (2)
- Holocene environmental history (2)
- Hydrogen economy (2)
- Hydrologische Modellierung (2)
- Ideologie (2)
- India (2)
- Indian Summer Monsoon (2)
- Insurance (2)
- Intensity (2)
- Italian Alps (2)
- Kapstadt (2)
- Katutura (2)
- Klassifikation (2)
- Klimaschutz (2)
- Klimaszenarien (2)
- Kohlenstoffspeicherung (2)
- Kommunikation (2)
- Landschaftsökologie (2)
- Late Quaternary (2)
- Late Quaternary vegetation (2)
- LiDAR (2)
- Machine learning (2)
- Maritime Alps (2)
- Meeresspiegelanstieg (2)
- Mongolei (2)
- Namibia (2)
- National-Parks (2)
- Naturgefahr (2)
- Naturgefahren (2)
- Nepal (2)
- Neue Kulturgeographie (2)
- Nitrate (2)
- Northern Asia (2)
- Ohrid-Prespa region (2)
- Optics and photonics (2)
- Ostsee (2)
- Ozone (2)
- Paraíba (2)
- Patterns (2)
- Plant functional types (2)
- Plant sciences (2)
- Pleistocene (2)
- Raumkonstruktion (2)
- Republik Moldau (2)
- Rhine River (2)
- Rossby-normal modes (2)
- SDG interactions (2)
- SDGs (2)
- SWIM (2)
- Sedimentation (2)
- Semiarid (2)
- Sensitivitätsanalyse (2)
- Siberian tree line (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Small Aral Sea (2)
- Soil (2)
- South-Eastern Africa (2)
- Spain (2)
- Species-Diversity (2)
- Stoffhaushalt (2)
- Städte (2)
- Svalbard (2)
- Switzerland (2)
- Systemtheorie (2)
- Südafrika (2)
- TELEMAC-2D model (2)
- Temperatur (2)
- TerraceM (2)
- Township (2)
- Townshiptourismus (2)
- Tree (2)
- Trends (2)
- Urban pluvial flood susceptibility (2)
- Verkhoyansk mountains (2)
- Visualisierung (2)
- Visualization (2)
- Wald (2)
- Waldbewirtschaftung (2)
- Warm spells (2)
- Wasserhaushalt (2)
- West Africa (2)
- Westerlies (2)
- Windhoek (2)
- Wärmetransport (2)
- active floodplain (2)
- alternaria group (2)
- ancient sedimentary DNA (2)
- apple (2)
- apple replant disease (2)
- aquifer (2)
- assembly rules (2)
- atmosphere (2)
- atmospheric blocking (2)
- atmospheric warming (2)
- authenticity (2)
- bank filtration (2)
- biogenic silica (2)
- capacities (2)
- carbonaceous aerosols (2)
- cartography (2)
- charcoal (2)
- chemistry (2)
- chlorophyll a (2)
- cities (2)
- climate (2)
- climate drift (2)
- climate dynamics (2)
- climate-change (2)
- communication (2)
- communities (2)
- continuous simulation (2)
- core PG1351 (2)
- cosmic-ray neutron sensing (2)
- coupled surface (2)
- culling of male chickens (2)
- damage estimation (2)
- data sharing (2)
- development policy (2)
- diatoms (2)
- dietary patterns (2)
- diffuse Belastung (2)
- diffuse pollution (2)
- digital bathymetric model (2)
- digital elevation model (DEM) (2)
- diversity (2)
- drought events (2)
- drought index (2)
- droughts (2)
- drylands (2)
- eastern continental Asia (2)
- ecosystem services (2)
- effectiveness (2)
- emergency management (2)
- emission factors (2)
- empirical mode decomposition (2)
- energy balance (2)
- ensemble prediction (2)
- environmental filtering (2)
- equatorial electrojet (2)
- erosion hotspots (2)
- eutrophication (2)
- evaluation (2)
- evaporation (2)
- extreme events (2)
- extreme rainfall (2)
- family farming (2)
- fill–spill–merge method (2)
- flood hazard (2)
- flood hazard map (2)
- flood predictors (2)
- flood recovery (2)
- flood-prone area (2)
- floodplain (2)
- flow (2)
- football (2)
- forest management (2)
- forest soils (2)
- forestry (2)
- frequency (2)
- frequent flood (2)
- geography (2)
- geoinformation (2)
- geostatistics (2)
- geovisualization (2)
- glacial maximum (2)
- global datasets (2)
- global hydrological model (2)
- global mean temperature (2)
- global warming levels (2)
- greenland shelf (2)
- grenzüberschreitende Aktivitäten (2)
- groundwater (2)
- groundwater inflow (2)
- hazard (2)
- healthy diets (2)
- heat (2)
- heavy precipitation (2)
- holocene (2)
- housing (2)
- human geography (2)
- hydrodynamic modelling (2)
- hydrological modeling (2)
- hydrologische Prozesse (2)
- index (2)
- inequalities (2)
- inference (2)
- integrated flood risk management (2)
- integrierte hydrologische Modellierung (2)
- kettle hole (2)
- knickpoint (2)
- landscape ecology (2)
- landscape evolution (2)
- large-scale (2)
- late pleistocene (2)
- leverage areas (2)
- levoglucosan (2)
- lower thermosphere (2)
- management (2)
- mapping (2)
- marine terrace (2)
- mesoscale (2)
- metabarcoding (2)
- microbial (2)
- mitigation (2)
- mixed methods (2)
- model uncertainty (2)
- models (2)
- molecular tracers (2)
- moorsh forming process (2)
- motivation (2)
- multi-scale analysis (2)
- natural hazard (2)
- nested vulnerabilities (2)
- niche level (2)
- nitrogen (2)
- nonumiform background configuration (2)
- orchard management (2)
- organic aerosols (2)
- paleoenvironmental records (2)
- parameterization (2)
- participatory research (2)
- peatlands (2)
- people (2)
- perialpine lakes (2)
- phylogenetic diversity (2)
- phytolith (2)
- phytoplankton (2)
- planetary-waves (2)
- plant macrofossil data (2)
- policy (2)
- pollen records (2)
- pollution (2)
- poverty (2)
- precaution (2)
- probabilistic (2)
- probability (2)
- production (2)
- protection motivation theory (2)
- quantification (2)
- radiative forcing (2)
- reactive transport modeling (2)
- recharge (2)
- recovery (2)
- regional development (2)
- reservoir siltation (2)
- residents (2)
- resources (2)
- rhine basin (2)
- risk management (2)
- river basins (2)
- river longitudinal profile (2)
- runoff generation (2)
- sea-level rise (2)
- seamless prediction (2)
- seasonal forecast skill (2)
- sediment (2)
- sedimentary ancient DNA (2)
- seismicity (2)
- self-efficacy (2)
- semi-arid (2)
- semi-arid regions (2)
- silicon cycling (2)
- snow (2)
- snowmelt (2)
- social science (2)
- societal equity (2)
- soil fatigue (2)
- soil hydrology (2)
- soil organic matter decomposition (2)
- solute transport (2)
- spatial analysis (2)
- spatial modeling (2)
- spatial-temporal (2)
- species composition (2)
- stabile Isotope (2)
- stability (2)
- stable isotopes (2)
- stable water isotope (2)
- streamflow trends (2)
- submerged sequence (2)
- surface temperatures (2)
- surface–groundwater interactions (2)
- suspended sediment (2)
- sustainable development (2)
- swamp forest (2)
- symmetric modes (2)
- system (2)
- temperature-related mortality (2)
- terrestrial carbon balance (2)
- thermochronology (2)
- throughfall (2)
- time-series (2)
- topographic wetness index (TWI) (2)
- total electron-content (2)
- township (2)
- transferability (2)
- transition zone (2)
- trends (2)
- trunk cross-sectional area (2)
- unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (2)
- urban (2)
- urban pluvial flooding (2)
- value-based sustainability assessment (2)
- vulnerability indices (2)
- water fluxes (2)
- water management (2)
- water temperature (2)
- water-balance (2)
- wind erosion (2)
- Ökohydrologie (2)
- (SEM) analysis (1)
- (TPI) (1)
- 10Be (1)
- 2.5-D model (1)
- 239+240Plutonium (1)
- 2D city model (1)
- 2D-Stadtmodell (1)
- 3-D numerical simulations (1)
- 3D city models (1)
- 3D facies modelling (1)
- 3D geovisualisation (1)
- 3D lithospheric model (1)
- 3D thermal model (1)
- 3D visualization (1)
- 3D-Geovisualisierung (1)
- 3D-Model (1)
- 3D-Stadtmodelle (1)
- 3D-Visualisierung (1)
- 3DCityDB (1)
- ACIDIFICATION (1)
- ANCOVA model (1)
- ATKIS (1)
- Abflussbildung (1)
- Abflussbildungsprozesse (1)
- Abflusssaisonalität (1)
- Abflußentwicklung (1)
- Acacia plantation (1)
- Active movement (1)
- Adaptation plans (1)
- Adaptation tracking (1)
- Adria (1)
- Africa (1)
- Agent (1)
- Agrarökosystem (1)
- Agricultural management (1)
- Agricultural soils (1)
- Agriculture (1)
- Air (1)
- Air quality modeling (1)
- Akklimatisierung (1)
- Akzeptanz (1)
- Albania (1)
- Algeria (1)
- Alltagskultur und Ökonomie (1)
- Alterung der Bevölkerung (1)
- Amazonas (1)
- Amazonia (1)
- Amu Darya Delta (1)
- Analyse (1)
- Analyse von Abflussganglinien (1)
- Anatolian plateau (1)
- Andes (1)
- Angstraum (1)
- Anisotropy (1)
- Anleitung (1)
- Annaba (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Anpassungsmaßnahmen (1)
- Anpassungsstrategien (1)
- Anpassungsverhalten (1)
- Anthropogenic impacts (1)
- Antibiotikaresistenz (1)
- Ar-40/Ar-39 age (1)
- Arbeitsethik (1)
- ArcObjects (1)
- Archean spherule layers (1)
- Arctic Ocean (1)
- Arctic aerosol (1)
- Arctic coastal dynamics (1)
- Arctic sea ice (1)
- Arctic tundra (1)
- Argentina (1)
- Arid Central Asia (1)
- Arid ecosystems (1)
- Arktis (1)
- Armed conflict (1)
- Armutstourismus (1)
- Array Seismology (1)
- Array design (1)
- Artificial neural networks (1)
- Artverbreitung (1)
- Athalassic subsaline lake (1)
- Atmospheric dynamics (1)
- Atmosphäre (1)
- Aue (1)
- Augmented Reality (1)
- Auslandspraktikum (1)
- Ausläufer des Himalaya (1)
- Auslösemechanismen (1)
- Ausreisser (1)
- Austria (1)
- Auswirkungen des Klimawandels (1)
- Autocorrelation (1)
- Automatic chamber (1)
- Automatisierung (1)
- Automotive Electronics (1)
- Autotropher Nitrat-Aufnahme in Gewässernetzen (1)
- Autotrophic nitrate uptake in river networks (1)
- Außengrenze der EU (1)
- Awareness (1)
- Bac Lieu (1)
- Bachdenitrifikation (1)
- Bacillariophyceae (1)
- Bahnhof (1)
- Bangladesh (1)
- Bank filtration (1)
- Barberton Greenstone Belt (1)
- Barrios cerrados (1)
- Basiskonzepte (1)
- Bauernorganisation (1)
- Bay of Bengal (1)
- Bayes' rule (1)
- Bayes'sche Mehrebenenregression (1)
- Bayes'sche Modelle (1)
- Bayesian analysis (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bayesian model (1)
- Bayesian modeling (1)
- Bayesian multi-level logistic regression (1)
- Bayessche Statistik (1)
- Bayes’ rule (1)
- Be-10 (1)
- Beaufort Sea (1)
- Bedeckungsgrad (1)
- Bedload sediment transport (1)
- Begleitforschung (1)
- Begrünung (1)
- Belowground herbivory (1)
- Beobachtung anthropogener Aktivitäten (1)
- Beobachtungstheorie (1)
- Berufsschule (1)
- Bestandsniederschlag (1)
- Besucherbefragung (1)
- Betroffenenbefragung (1)
- Bevölkerung (1)
- Bevölkerungspolitik (1)
- Bevölkerungsrückgang und Konsequenzen (1)
- Bewertungssystem (1)
- Bewässerung (1)
- Big data mining zu Hochwasserrisiken (1)
- Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Bioenergie (1)
- Biogenic silica (1)
- Biogeochemistry (1)
- Biome (1)
- Biomonitoring (1)
- Biosilicification (1)
- Biotop (1)
- Black Sea (1)
- Blattflächenindex (1)
- Blind thrust (1)
- Bodenbearbeitung (1)
- Bodenkühlpotenzial (1)
- Bodenschutz (1)
- Bodenwasser (1)
- Bodenwassergehalt (1)
- Body waves (1)
- Bolivian tin belt (1)
- Border area (1)
- Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug (1)
- Broad-band seismometers (1)
- Bunker cave (1)
- Business interruption cost (1)
- Bäche und Flüsse hoher Ordnung (1)
- CAMELS (1)
- CAP (1)
- CO2 emissions (1)
- CO2 storage monitoring (1)
- COSMOS rover (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- CO₂ (1)
- CRNS (1)
- CZO (1)
- Ca Mau (1)
- Ca Mau peninsula (1)
- Cachapoal Glacier (1)
- Caldera-ähnliche Topographie (1)
- Calgary (1)
- Calibration (1)
- Canadian Arctic (1)
- Capital Approach Framework (CAF) (1)
- Carbic Podzol (1)
- Carbon degradation (1)
- Carbon footprint (1)
- Caribbean (1)
- Carpathians (1)
- Cartography (1)
- Cash transfers (1)
- Catalan (1)
- Catchment (1)
- Catchment and in-stream water quality (1)
- Catchment management (1)
- Cattle pasture (1)
- Ceará / Semiarides Gebiet / Wasserreserve / Hydrologie / Mathematisches Modell (1)
- Central (1)
- Central Andes (1)
- Central Asia (1)
- Central European drought 2018 (1)
- Central European drought 2019 (1)
- Centroid moment tensor of M approximate to 3 earthquakes (1)
- Channel steepness index (1)
- Chaos Theory (1)
- Chaostheorie (1)
- Chemistry of fresh water (1)
- Chinese Loess Plateau (1)
- Chronosequenzstudie (1)
- Cities (1)
- City benchmarking (1)
- CityGML (1)
- Citymodel (1)
- Civil Security (1)
- Clausius-Clapeyron (1)
- Clausius-Clapeyron-Gleichung (1)
- Clay rock (1)
- Climate Change Adaptation (1)
- Climate change adaptation (1)
- Climate change impact (1)
- Climate change scenarios (1)
- Climate mitigation (1)
- Climate policy integration (1)
- Climate variability index (1)
- Climate variables (1)
- Clonal plants (1)
- Coastal dynamics (1)
- Coastal erosion (1)
- Colombian conflict (1)
- Communications/decision making (1)
- Company (1)
- Competitive exclusion (1)
- Compoundereignisse (1)
- Computation time (1)
- Computational seismology (1)
- Computersimulation (1)
- Conditional tense (1)
- Conductive channel (1)
- Conductive thermal field (1)
- Cone sheet (1)
- Conservation agriculture (1)
- Content analysis (1)
- Continental margins: convergent (1)
- Controlled source seismology (1)
- Coping strategies (1)
- Correlation (1)
- Cost-benefit analysis (1)
- Coupled fluid flow and heat transport (1)
- Course of Study (1)
- Crime mapping (1)
- Crisis Communication (1)
- Critical Discourse Analysis (1)
- Crop modelling (1)
- Crop water use (1)
- Crystal chemistry (1)
- Curvature (1)
- Czech Republic (1)
- DBR (1)
- DDR (1)
- DEA (1)
- DGVM (1)
- DNA metabarcoding (1)
- DRIFT spectroscopy (1)
- DTM comparison (1)
- DTM vertical accuracy (1)
- Dammbruchfluten (1)
- Dansgaard-Oeschger event (1)
- Danube (1)
- Data fusion (1)
- Database (1)
- Datamodell (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Datenmodell (1)
- Dauerfrostboden (1)
- Debris-covered glaciers (1)
- Decollement (1)
- Decolmation (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep crustal intraplate seismicity (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Deichbruch (1)
- Deichrückverlegung (1)
- Dekolmation (1)
- Delft-FLOW (1)
- Delta aquifer system (1)
- Demokratieförderung (1)
- Denitrifikation (1)
- Design-Based-Research (1)
- Deutscher Straßenverkehr (1)
- Dichte (1)
- Digital elevation models (1)
- Digital soil morphometrics (1)
- Digital terrain model (DTM) (1)
- Dimension reduction (1)
- Direct economic loss (1)
- Discourse analysis (1)
- Discrete choice experiment (1)
- Diskurs (1)
- Diskursanalyse (1)
- Diskurse (1)
- Distribution (1)
- Dobrudscha (1)
- Dokumentarische Methode (1)
- Dolomites (1)
- Domuyo geothermal field (1)
- Drop fall velocity (1)
- Drop size distribution (1)
- Drought (1)
- Duplex (1)
- Duration (1)
- Durchflussdynamik (1)
- Dynamik (1)
- Düngung (1)
- E-Learning (1)
- E-SAR (1)
- EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (1)
- EM38DD (1)
- ENSO (1)
- EROSION (1)
- EROSION 3D (1)
- EU (1)
- EU-Ostgrenze (1)
- EVENTS (1)
- Early-career scientists (1)
- Earthquake source observations (1)
- Earthquake swarm (1)
- Earthquakes (1)
- East Antarctica (1)
- Eco-efficiency (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ecosystem (1)
- Ecosystem dynamics (1)
- Ecosystem modelling (1)
- Ecosystem respiration (R-eco) (1)
- Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) (1)
- Edge effects (1)
- Eigenvorsorge (1)
- Einstellung (1)
- Einzugsgebietshydrologie Wasserqualitätsmodell (1)
- Elbe (1)
- Elbe River (1)
- Elbe-Havel-Gebiet (1)
- Electrical Potential (1)
- Electrical conductivity (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emergency response (1)
- Emissionen (1)
- Emissions (1)
- Emissionsszenarien (1)
- Empfehlungen (1)
- Empirical orthogonal functions (1)
- Endogenic carbonates (1)
- Energie- (1)
- Energiebilanz (1)
- Energy crops (1)
- Engineering Strong Motion database (1)
- Entlastungsspannung (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Environmental DNA (1)
- Environmental Psychology (1)
- Environmental gradients (1)
- Eocene monsoon (1)
- Epithermal Ag-Sn deposits (1)
- Equatorial ionosphere (1)
- Equivocality (1)
- Eratosthenes Seamount (1)
- Erdrutsch (1)
- Erdwärme (1)
- Ereignisdokumentation (1)
- Ernährungsmuster (1)
- Ernährungsumstellung (1)
- Ertragslücken (1)
- Ertragsänderung (1)
- Erweiterte Realität (1)
- Erziehung (1)
- European energy (1)
- European metropolitan regions (1)
- Europäische Energie (1)
- Europäische Metropolregionen (1)
- Eutrophierung (1)
- Evaluationsfunktion (1)
- Event documentation (1)
- Exkursion (1)
- Explorative (Data-) Analysis (1)
- Exposition (1)
- Extreme rainfall (1)
- FAO56 (1)
- FT-IR Spektroskopie (1)
- FT-IR spectroscopy (1)
- Fachkonzepte (1)
- Fag (1)
- Fagus syl (1)
- Familienpolitik (1)
- Fanidentität (1)
- Farmer's climate variability perception (1)
- Fault reactivation (1)
- Fault zone (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- Fermentation (1)
- Fernerkundungsdaten (1)
- Fernerkundungsprodukte (1)
- Fertilisation (1)
- Fertilizer (1)
- Feuerregime (1)
- Field experiments (1)
- Filamentous fungi (1)
- Filtering techniques (1)
- Finite elements (1)
- Flash flood (1)
- Flatfile (1)
- Fließwege (1)
- Flood Change (1)
- Flood Risk Big Data Mining (1)
- Flood defence measures (1)
- Flood hazards (1)
- Flood polders (1)
- Flood risk (1)
- Flooding (1)
- Flow resistance (1)
- Flowpaths (1)
- Flugverkehr (1)
- Fluid inclusions (1)
- Fluids (1)
- Fluss-Seen (1)
- Flussaufteilung (1)
- Flusseinzugsgebietsmanagement (1)
- Flutgefährdung (1)
- Flutpolder (1)
- Flutschäden (1)
- Fluvial geomorphology (1)
- Fluvial processes (1)
- Fold and thrust belt (1)
- Fold growth (1)
- Food security (1)
- Forecast (1)
- Forecast verification (1)
- Forecasting techniques (1)
- Forest (1)
- Fourier amplitude spectrum (1)
- Fracture and flow (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Fragmentierung (1)
- Freiraumanalyse (1)
- Freshwater (1)
- Frühwarnung (1)
- Fully distributed nitrate modeling (1)
- Fungal foraging (1)
- Fungal highways (1)
- Fungal space searching algorithms (1)
- Fungus -plant covariation (1)
- Futtermittel (1)
- Futtermittel für Wiederkäuer (1)
- Future tense (1)
- Fußball (1)
- Fußgängernavigation (1)
- GDR (1)
- GHG emissions (1)
- GLOF (Gletscherseeausbruchsflut) (1)
- GMMs (1)
- GPM (1)
- GRACE (1)
- GRACE-FO (1)
- Gap Year (1)
- Gebirgshydrologie (1)
- Gefahr (1)
- Geflügelmist (1)
- Gefährdungskarten (1)
- Gelatine-Analogmodellierung (1)
- Gender equality (1)
- General subject “Information” (1)
- Geodaten (1)
- Geoeletrical imaging (1)
- Geografieunterricht (1)
- Geographiedidaktik (1)
- Geoinformation Science (1)
- Geological heterogeneity (1)
- Geologische Heterogenität (1)
- Geomagnetic secular variation (1)
- Geomechanics (1)
- Geomorphogenese (1)
- Geomorphology (1)
- Geomorphometry (1)
- Geoprofile (1)
- Geostatistics (1)
- Geothermal Energy (1)
- Geovisual Analytics (1)
- Geovisualisierung (1)
- Geovisualization (1)
- Geoökologie (1)
- German border region neighbouring with Poland (1)
- German-Russians (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Gewässergüte (1)
- Glacier lake outbursts (1)
- Glacier surges (1)
- Gletscher (1)
- Gletscherschmelze (1)
- Gletscherseeasubruch (1)
- Gletscherseen (1)
- Globaler Wandel (1)
- Globaler Wasserkreislauf (1)
- Globalisierung (1)
- Gouvernementalität (1)
- Governance (1)
- Grassroots initiatives (1)
- Grauliteratur (1)
- Gravity anomalies and Earth structure (1)
- Gravity modelling (1)
- Gravity models (1)
- Green Biorefinery (1)
- Greenhouse gas emissions (1)
- Greenland Ice Sheet (1)
- Grenzertragsstandorte (1)
- Grenzgebiet (1)
- Grenzraum (1)
- Gross primary (1)
- Ground motion prediction equation (1)
- Groundwater modelling (1)
- Groundwater recharge/water budget (1)
- Groundwater-model (1)
- Großwetterlage (1)
- Grundwasserdynamik (1)
- Grundwassermodellierung (1)
- Grundwasserneubildung (1)
- Grönländisches Eisschild (1)
- Grüne Infrastruktur (1)
- Guadalajara (1)
- Gullies (1)
- HBV-D (1)
- HEC-RAS (1)
- HRU customization (1)
- HRU fragmentation (1)
- HVSR (1)
- HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION (1)
- Habitat (1)
- Habitat preferences (1)
- Habitatmodelle (1)
- Habitatmodellierung (1)
- Habitatpräferenz (1)
- Handlungsempfehlungen (1)
- Hangskala (1)
- Hangstabilität (1)
- Haplic Acrisol (1)
- Hau Giang (1)
- Havel (1)
- Heat transport (1)
- Heinrich event 1 (1)
- Hellenic trench (1)
- Hess-Brezowsky Grosswetterlagen classification (1)
- Heterogene Einzugsgebietsreaktionen (1)
- Heterogeneous catchement responses (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- High Asia (1)
- High-frequency data (1)
- High-pressure synthesis (1)
- Himachal Pradesh (1)
- Himalaya-Gebirge (1)
- Himalayan foothills (1)
- Himalayan glacier meltwater (1)
- Himalayas (1)
- Hitzeaktionsplan (1)
- Hitzeanpassung (1)
- Hitzebelastung (1)
- Hitzewellen (1)
- Hochfrequenzdaten (1)
- Hochschulen (1)
- Hochwassergefahr (1)
- Hochwassergefahren (1)
- Hochwasserregime (1)
- Hochwasserrisikobewertung (1)
- Hochwasserrisikomanagement (1)
- Hochwasserversicherung (1)
- Hochwasserwirkungspfad (1)
- Holzdichte (1)
- Holzprodukte (1)
- Homelessness (1)
- Hotspot-Analyse (1)
- Human-Eco-System (1)
- Humangeographie (1)
- Hurricane Harvey (1)
- Hybridität (1)
- Hybridmodell (1)
- Hydrogeology (1)
- Hydrograph Analysis (1)
- Hydrogravimetry (1)
- Hydrolgische Modellierung (1)
- Hydrologic Modeling (1)
- Hydrological modeling (1)
- Hydrological modelling (1)
- Hydrophobie (1)
- Hydrothermal field (1)
- Hypermobilität (1)
- Häufigkeit (1)
- IBC-grass model (1)
- IPY (1)
- ITS marker (1)
- Ice volume (1)
- Iconic architectural project (1)
- Ikonisches Architekturprojekt (1)
- Imaging spectroscopy (1)
- Impact (1)
- Impact modelling (1)
- Improved calibration (1)
- In situ silicon isotope ratio analysis (1)
- In-flight (1)
- Inclined faults (1)
- Index (1)
- Indian diets (1)
- Indian summer monsoon (1)
- Indien (1)
- Individual based simulation model (1)
- Infilling (1)
- Informal and formal (1)
- Information Ethics (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Inkorporation (1)
- Inland salinization (1)
- Innovationsorte (1)
- Integration (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Interaktionen (1)
- Interference competition (1)
- Internally displaced persons (1)
- International Polar Year (1)
- Internationale Freiwilligendienste (1)
- Interpolation (1)
- Inuvialuit cultural features (1)
- Irrealis (1)
- Irregular sampling (1)
- Irrigation requirements (1)
- Isotopenzusammensetzung (1)
- Isotopes (1)
- Italy (1)
- Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc (1)
- Japan | landslides (1)
- Jhabua (1)
- Jurassic (1)
- KINETIC-ENERGY (1)
- Kalibrierung (1)
- Kalibrierung an mehreren Standorten (1)
- Karakoram (1)
- Karakorum (1)
- Karten im Hochwasserschutz (1)
- Kasachstan (1)
- Kaska (1)
- Katastrophenmanagement (1)
- Kazakhstan (1)
- Kerndichteschätzung (1)
- Ketzin (1)
- Kien Giang (1)
- Kinematic analysis (1)
- Kizilirmak River (1)
- Klassifizierung (1)
- Kleegras (1)
- Klima (1)
- Klimaauswirkung (1)
- Klimapolitische Integration (1)
- Klimaresilienz (1)
- Klimawandelanpassung (1)
- Knowledge Based Economy (1)
- Kohlenstoff (1)
- Kohlenstoffhaushalt (1)
- Kohlenstoffkreislauf (1)
- Kohlenstoffmodell (1)
- Komplexität (1)
- Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse (1)
- Kreative Stadt (1)
- Krisenkommunikation (1)
- Kritische Diskursanalyse (1)
- Kyoto (flexible) mechanisms (1)
- Kyoto Protocol (1)
- Kyoto-Protokoll (1)
- Küstenfluten (1)
- Küstenniederung (1)
- LANDSAT (1)
- LAWA (1)
- LC/MS (1)
- LCGA (1)
- LPJ (1)
- Lake Bolshoe Toko (1)
- Lake Malawi Basin (1)
- Lake level reconstruction (1)
- Lake number (1)
- Land cover disturbances (1)
- Land use change drivers (1)
- Land use management (1)
- Landnutzungsszenarien (1)
- Landnutzungswandel (1)
- Landsat (1)
- Landscape Metrics (1)
- Landscape features (1)
- Landscape planning (1)
- Landschaft (1)
- Landschaftsentwicklung (1)
- Landschaftsfragmentierung (1)
- Landschaftshaushalt (1)
- Landschaftsplanung (1)
- Landschaftszerschneidung (1)
- Landwirtschaftlicher Böden (1)
- Laramide orogeny (1)
- Larix (1)
- Larix cajanderi (1)
- Larix gmelinii (1)
- Lascar Volcano (1)
- Laser return intensity (1)
- Lebensmittelnachfrage (1)
- Lehrbuch (1)
- Leitbild (1)
- Li isotope fractionation (1)
- Lidar (1)
- Limnologie (Seenkunde) (1)
- Linear mixed effect model (1)
- Linear regression (1)
- Linear trends (1)
- Litauen (1)
- Lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (1)
- Lithuania (1)
- Lonar Lake (1)
- Loss (1)
- Loss modeling (1)
- Low carbon economy (1)
- Luftqualitätsmodellen (1)
- Lusatian tertiary sand (1)
- Luzerne (1)
- Ländlicher Raum (1)
- MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEXES (1)
- MIS (1)
- MIXTURE (1)
- MNDWI (1)
- MODIS Schneebedeckung (1)
- MODIS snow cover (1)
- MaaS (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Madden-Julian oscillation (1)
- Madhya Pradesh (1)
- Maghreb (1)
- Magnetic field (1)
- Magnetotellurics (1)
- Magnitude (1)
- Malawi (1)
- Mali (1)
- Management (1)
- Maori (1)
- Mapping (1)
- Marine isotope stage 3 (1)
- Mars (1)
- Mars Express (1)
- Maschinelles Lernen (1)
- Massenbewegung (1)
- Mathematisches Modell (1)
- Maßnahmenwirkungen (1)
- Media Spree (1)
- Mediaspree (1)
- Medien (1)
- Medienbildung (1)
- Mediterranean catchments (1)
- Megacity (1)
- Mehrebenenmodelle (1)
- Mergel (1)
- Messmethoden (1)
- Metabarcoding (1)
- Metadata (1)
- Meteorological Event Analysis (1)
- Meteorologische Ereignisanalyse (1)
- Methane oxidation (1)
- Methylobacter (1)
- Metropolitan Region (1)
- Metropolregion (1)
- Mexiko (1)
- Micro-XRF (1)
- Microbial community (1)
- Microbial ecology (1)
- Microplastic (1)
- Microstructural deformation mechanisms (1)
- Microtopography (1)
- Migrationsdiskurs (1)
- Mikroregenradar (1)
- Milchsäure (1)
- Mistausbringung (1)
- Mobil (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Model Comparison (1)
- Model spin-up (1)
- Model-Daten Integration (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modell Diagnose (1)
- Modelle (1)
- Modellierung von Landnutzungsänderung (1)
- Modellkalibrierung (1)
- Modellkomplexität (1)
- Modellsensitivität (1)
- Modellstadt (1)
- Modellvergleich (1)
- Models (1)
- Modular organisms (1)
- Mongolei; Uvs-Nuur-Becken (1)
- Moral hazard (1)
- Moroccans (1)
- Morphologie (1)
- Mortalität (1)
- Mortalitäts-Minimal-Temperatur (1)
- Multi-proxy approach (1)
- Multi-site stochastic weather (1)
- Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) (1)
- Multiplikatives Kaskadenmodel (1)
- Multispectral point cloud (1)
- Multivariate statistics (1)
- Munsiari thrust (1)
- NERICA (1)
- NLP (1)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit im ländlichen Raum (1)
- Nachhaltigkeitstransformation (1)
- Nahrungsmittelselbstversorgung (1)
- Nahrungsmittelsicherheit (1)
- Nationale Minderheiten (1)
- Natural Regions (1)
- Natural hazards (1)
- Naturräume (1)
- Naturschutz (1)
- Naturschutzaspekte (1)
- Navigation (1)
- Neoliberale Natur (1)
- Neoliberalismus (1)
- Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) (1)
- Netzwerkanalyse (1)
- Neue Medien (1)
- Neuseeland (1)
- Neutron imaging (1)
- Neutronen aus kosmischer Höhenstrahlung (1)
- New Cultural Geography (1)
- New Zealand (1)
- Niederschlag-Abfluss-Modellierung (1)
- Niederschlagsintensitäten (1)
- Niederschlagsinterpolation (1)
- Niederschlagsradar (1)
- Niederschlagsversickerung (1)
- Nitrat (1)
- Nitratdynamik (1)
- Nitrogen dioxide (1)
- Noble gas (1)
- Non-destructive analysis (1)
- Non-fluent aphasia (1)
- Non-linear Geoscience (1)
- Non-stationary Flood Risk (1)
- Non-uniformity (1)
- Nordafrika (1)
- Nordostbrasilien (1)
- North Anatolian Fault (1)
- North Anatolian Fault Zone (1)
- Northeast German Basin (1)
- Northern Minnesota (1)
- Nowcasting (1)
- Nutrient (1)
- Nährstoffbilanz (1)
- Nährstoffkeislauf (1)
- OBIA (1)
- ODD protocol (1)
- OLS ranking (1)
- OSL dating (1)
- Obdachlosigkeit (1)
- Oberflächenabfluss (1)
- Oberflächensediment (1)
- Oberflächenwasser (1)
- Oberflächenwasser-Grundwasser Interaktion (1)
- Objektidentifikation (1)
- Observed and simulated ground motions (1)
- Obstkultur (1)
- Offenland (1)
- Office du Niger (1)
- Open Science (1)
- Open-Air-Veranstaltungen (1)
- OpenStreetMap (1)
- Operationalisation (1)
- Optical distrometer (1)
- Optischer Fluss (1)
- Organisationslernen (1)
- Orogenic wedge (1)
- Ortsbindung (1)
- Ortssemantik (1)
- Oscillations (1)
- Ostracoda (1)
- Outreach (1)
- Overland flow (1)
- Oxygen Transport (1)
- Ozon (1)
- PADILIH (1)
- PM10 (1)
- PPGIS (1)
- PYRN (1)
- Palaeoclimatology (1)
- Paleoecology (1)
- Paleogeography (1)
- Paratethys sea (1)
- Participatory mapping (1)
- Patagonia (1)
- Patagonian Andes (1)
- Patimban Seaport (1)
- Payment vehicle (1)
- Peatlands (1)
- Permafrost (1)
- Permafrost Young Researchers Network (1)
- Permafrost thaw (1)
- Permian (1)
- Personal Data (1)
- Petrography (1)
- Pettitt test (1)
- Pfefferfließ (1)
- Pflanzenwachstumsmodellierung (1)
- Phasenraum des Time Delay Embedding (1)
- Phenology (1)
- Philippinen (1)
- Phosphor Bilanz (1)
- Phosphorus (1)
- Physiologie-basierte Modelle (1)
- Phytoliths (1)
- Phänologie (1)
- Pilotmaßnahmen (1)
- Pinus sylvestris (1)
- Pirquitas (1)
- Pixel level (1)
- Planetare Geologie (1)
- Planetary Geology (1)
- Plant available Si (1)
- Planungsstrategien (1)
- Plio-quaternary tectonic evolution (1)
- Pliocene (1)
- Point cloud segmentation (1)
- Polder (1)
- Policies (1)
- Policy (1)
- Politik (1)
- Politische Ökologie (1)
- Pollen (1)
- Polygons (1)
- Polykontexturalität (1)
- Pontides (1)
- Poorly gauged catchment (1)
- Pore-fluid conductivity (1)
- Pore-water hydrochemistry (1)
- Post-Transformation (1)
- Post-socialist transformation (1)
- Post-transformation (1)
- PostGIS (1)
- Postmasburg manganese field (1)
- Postsozialistische Transformation (1)
- Pothole (1)
- Potsdam (1)
- Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Poverty alleviation (1)
- Practice (1)
- Pre-whitening (1)
- Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB) (1)
- Predictive model (1)
- Preferential flow (1)
- Preprocessing (1)
- Presskuchen (1)
- Presssaft (1)
- Pressure-temperature and strain rate-dependent mechanical behaviour (1)
- Principal components analysis (1)
- Private businesses (1)
- Privathaushalte (1)
- Privatsphäre (1)
- Process Modelling (1)
- Process identification (1)
- Projektion (1)
- Provenance (1)
- Prozessgeschehen (1)
- Prozesskette (1)
- Prut (1)
- Public perception (1)
- Public sector (1)
- Pyrenees (1)
- Pyrenäen (1)
- QAToCA (1)
- Qualitätsbewertung (1)
- Quaternary (1)
- Quercus (1)
- R Shiny (1)
- RUnUP (1)
- Radardaten (1)
- Radarinterferometrie mit synthetischer Apertur (1)
- Rainfall generation (1)
- Rainfall kinetic energy (1)
- Rainfall occurrence (1)
- Rainfall-runoff (1)
- Rainfall-runoff response (1)
- Randeffekte (1)
- Random forest modelling (1)
- Random forests (1)
- Random vibration theory (1)
- Rare and Unseasonal Flood (1)
- Raumbilder (1)
- Raumplanung (1)
- Reaktiver Stofftransport (1)
- Realis (1)
- Recharge elevation (1)
- Rechtsextremismus (1)
- Rechtspopulismus (1)
- Record of multiple impacts (1)
- Recovery (1)
- Recurrence Plots (1)
- Reflection seismics (1)
- Reflectivity method (1)
- Regenerierung (1)
- Regenwald (1)
- Region (1)
- Regionalgeographie (1)
- Regionalisierung (1)
- Rekonstruktive Sozialforschung (1)
- Rekurrenzplot (1)
- Relative submergence (1)
- Religion (1)
- Remote sensing analysis (1)
- Repellent sandy soil (1)
- Republic of Moldova (1)
- Resampling methods (1)
- Resampling weather generator (1)
- Reservoir control (1)
- Reservoir sedimentation (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Response Spectrum (1)
- Restaurierung von Flüssen (1)
- Retrogressive thaw slump (1)
- Rhein (1)
- Rice yield (1)
- Risikoanalyse (1)
- Risikokommunikation (1)
- Risikomanagement (1)
- Risikoverhalten (1)
- Risikowahrnehmung (1)
- Risk Behaviour (1)
- Risk governance (1)
- Risk reduction partnerships (1)
- River course deflection (1)
- River delta (1)
- Rivers (1)
- Rofental (1)
- Romania (1)
- Rossby waves (1)
- Rossmanite (1)
- Rotational fault (1)
- Runoff (1)
- Runoff and streamflow (1)
- Runoff forecast (1)
- Russian Federation (1)
- Russlanddeutsche (1)
- Russländische Föderation (1)
- Räumlich verteilte Nitratmodellierung (1)
- Räumliche und zeitliche Nitratvariabilität (1)
- SDG (1)
- SDG indicator databases (1)
- SDG networks; (1)
- SEM-EDX (1)
- SIMS (1)
- SIR-C/X-SAR (1)
- SOILWATER END-MEMBERS (1)
- SREF (1)
- SRTM (1)
- STREAMWATER CHEMISTRY (1)
- SWAP (1)
- SWAT (1)
- Sadler effect (1)
- Saint Petersburg (1)
- Saisonalität (1)
- Salinity (1)
- Salzfrachtsteuerung (1)
- Sandy facies of Opalinus Clay (1)
- Sankt Petersburg (1)
- Santiago de Chile (1)
- Sap Flow (1)
- Satellitenbilder (1)
- Saturated hydraulic conductivity (1)
- Scale dependency (1)
- Scaling (1)
- Scenarios (1)
- Schadenabschätzung (1)
- Schadenmodell (1)
- Schadensabschätzung (1)
- Schiefergas (1)
- Schmelzwasser (1)
- Schmidt stability (1)
- Schnee (1)
- Schneeroutine (1)
- Schneeschmelze (1)
- Schrumpfung der Bevölkerung (1)
- Schulbuchanalyse (1)
- Schutzgebiete (1)
- Schwerefeld (1)
- Schätzung finanzieller Schäden (1)
- Science and Technology Studies (1)
- Science communication (1)
- Scientific understanding of Information (1)
- Seawater intrusion (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Sediment connectivity (1)
- Sediment core (1)
- Sediment reuse (1)
- Sediment yield (1)
- Sedimentary ancient DNA (1)
- Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) (1)
- Sedimentdynamik (1)
- Sedimentfallen (1)
- Sedimentgeochemie (1)
- Sedimenttransport (1)
- Sedimenttransportroutine (1)
- Seentherapie (1)
- Seismicity and tectonics (1)
- Seismicity modelling (1)
- Selbstorganisation (1)
- Self-targeting (1)
- Semantic labeling (1)
- Semi-arid (1)
- Sensor fusion (1)
- Shale gas (1)
- Shape and size (1)
- Sharpening (1)
- Shire River Basin (1)
- Short Report (1)
- Siedlungsfläche (1)
- Sierra nevada (1)
- Silicon cycling (1)
- Silicon exports (1)
- Simulation, Größe (1)
- Site response (1)
- Siwaliks (1)
- Skalenabhängigkeit (1)
- Slab break-off (1)
- Slime molds (1)
- Small catchments (1)
- Smart City (1)
- Soc Trang (1)
- Societal impacts (1)
- Socio-ecological system (1)
- Socio-economic factors (1)
- Soil erosion modelling (1)
- Soil fertility (1)
- Soil function (1)
- Soil organic carbon (1)
- Soil salinity dynamics (1)
- Soil solution (1)
- Soil water (1)
- Soil-moisture (1)
- Solar cycle (1)
- Solar insolation (1)
- South America (1)
- South American monsoon system (1)
- South-Eastern (1)
- Southem Andes (1)
- Southern Europe (1)
- Soziales Netzwerk (1)
- Sozialgeographie (1)
- Sozialismus (1)
- Soziohydrologie (1)
- Sozioökonomie (1)
- Spanien (1)
- Spatial and temporal nitrate variability (1)
- SpatioTemporal Sensor Data (1)
- Species coexistence (1)
- Species distribution modelling (1)
- Speleothems (1)
- Spielanalysen (1)
- Stabilität (1)
- Stable isotopes (1)
- Stadtführungen (1)
- Stadtmodell (1)
- Stadtranking (1)
- Stakeholder involvement (1)
- Stalagmites (1)
- Standorteigenschaften (1)
- Statistical techniques (1)
- Staubemission (1)
- Staudämme (1)
- Staufen im Breisgau (1)
- Steppe (1)
- Stickstoffdynamik in Fliessgewässern (1)
- Stigmatisierung (1)
- Stochastic hydrogeology (1)
- Stoffdeposition (1)
- Stofftransport (1)
- Strakregen (1)
- Strategic Planning (1)
- Strategische Planung (1)
- Straw incorporation (1)
- Strong motion records (1)
- Strukturanalyse (1)
- Strukturgleichungsmodell (1)
- Strömungsneigung (1)
- Studienprojekt (1)
- Sturmhochwasser (1)
- Städtebauförderung (1)
- Subduction zone (1)
- Subduction zone processes (1)
- Support vector (1)
- Support vector machine (1)
- Surface roughness (1)
- Surface uplift (1)
- Survey of affected residents (1)
- Sustainability transitions (1)
- Sustainable crop production (1)
- Sustainable lifestyles (1)
- Sustainable urban development (1)
- Swiss Alps (1)
- Synoptic weather types (1)
- Synthese (1)
- Szenarienbildung (1)
- TRACERS (1)
- TRMM (1)
- Taphonomy (1)
- Targeted public distribution system (1)
- Tarim Basin (1)
- Tectonic (1)
- Tectonic boundaries (1)
- Tectonics (1)
- Terrestrial biogeosystems (1)
- Terrestrische Ökologie (1)
- The Philippines (1)
- Thermoerosion (1)
- Thermokarst (1)
- Tian Shan (1)
- Tiefland (1)
- Tile drains (1)
- Time Embedded Phase Space (1)
- Time reference (1)
- Time scale dependence (1)
- Time series analysis (1)
- Time-series analysis (1)
- Tisza (1)
- Tolerantes Brandenburg (1)
- Topographic Position Index (1)
- Topographie (1)
- Topography-controlled glacier (1)
- Tourmaline (1)
- Township Tourismus (1)
- Traditional drainage systems (1)
- Transdisziplinarität (1)
- Transferablity (1)
- Transport sector (1)
- Tree Metabolism (1)
- Tree Stems (1)
- Treibhausgase (1)
- Treibhausgasminderung (1)
- Trend analysis (1)
- Trendattributierung (1)
- Trendwendepunkte (1)
- Triassic (1)
- Triassic limestone (1)
- Triaxial deformation experiments (1)
- Triggering mechanisms (1)
- Trockengebiet (1)
- Tropen (1)
- Trophie (1)
- Truppenübungsplatz (1)
- Tschechische Republik (1)
- Turbulenz Korrelations-Messung (1)
- Turdus sp. (1)
- Türkei (1)
- U-Th series (1)
- UCInet (1)
- UNISDR (1)
- UNITED-STATES (1)
- UV-detection (1)
- Uferfiltration (1)
- Ukraine (1)
- Umweltaspekte (1)
- Umweltpsychologie (1)
- Umwelttracer (1)
- Ungewissheit (1)
- Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) (1)
- Unmixing (1)
- Unsaturated zone (1)
- Unsicherheitsanalyse (1)
- Untere Mittelschicht (1)
- Upper Cambrian (1)
- Urban (1)
- Urban Flooding (1)
- Urban areas (1)
- Urban climate policy (1)
- Urban development (1)
- Urban metabolism (1)
- Urban planning (1)
- Urbanität (1)
- Uvs Nuur Basin (1)
- VIIRS DNB (1)
- VIS-NIR spectroscopy (1)
- Variabilität (1)
- Variationen terrestrischer Wasserspeicher (1)
- Vegetation change (1)
- Vegetation greening (1)
- Vegetationsdynamik (1)
- Vegetationsmodell (1)
- Verhalten (1)
- Verhaltensbeobachtung (1)
- Verification (1)
- Verkehrspolitik (1)
- Vernetzung (1)
- Versalzung (1)
- Verschlagwortung (1)
- Versiegelung (1)
- Versuchsanbau (1)
- Vertical Gravity Gradients (1)
- Vienna (1)
- Vietnam (1)
- Vietnamese Mekong Delta (1)
- Visaginas (1)
- Visualisierungsmodell (1)
- Vogtland (1)
- Volcanic activity (1)
- Volcanic aquifer (1)
- Volcanic ash soils (1)
- Volunteer Tourism (1)
- Volunteering (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vulkan Lascar (1)
- Vulkan-Überwachung (1)
- Vulkanasche (1)
- Vulnerability (1)
- Vulnerable communities (1)
- WASA (1)
- WASA-SED (1)
- WOFOST (1)
- Wahlen (1)
- Wahlmuster (1)
- Wahlverhalten (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Waldbrand (1)
- Waldbrandmodellierung (1)
- Waldwachstumsmodell 4C (1)
- Waldwachstumsmodellierung (1)
- Wandel (1)
- Wanderung (1)
- Warnung (1)
- Wasser- und Stoffhaushalt (1)
- Wasserbilanz (1)
- Wassergüte (1)
- Wassergütesimulation (1)
- Wassermassenvariationen (1)
- Wasserressourcen (1)
- Wasserstoffwirtschaft (1)
- Wasserverfügbarkeit (1)
- Wasserversorgung (1)
- Water (1)
- Water footprint (1)
- Water repellency (1)
- Water resource management (1)
- Water use change (1)
- Wave resonance (1)
- Weather radar (1)
- Weather-service (1)
- Weathering (1)
- Weichseleiszeit (1)
- Wertschöpfung (1)
- West Bohemia (1)
- Wetterradar (1)
- Wien (1)
- Wind erosion (1)
- Wind tunnel (1)
- Winderosion (1)
- Wissensgesellschaft (1)
- Wissenstransfer (1)
- Witterung (1)
- Wohlstand (1)
- X site occupancy (1)
- XRF analysis (1)
- XRF scanning (1)
- XRF spectroscopy (1)
- XRF-Analyse (1)
- Xylem (1)
- Yellow-River (1)
- Younger Dryas (1)
- Zambia (1)
- Zechstein salt (1)
- Zeit GIS (1)
- Zeitreihenuntersuchung (1)
- Zellulärer Automat (1)
- Ziltendorfer Niederung (1)
- Zirkulationsregime (1)
- Zukunft (1)
- Zukunftsforschung (1)
- Zustandserfassung (1)
- aboveground biomass (1)
- acceptance (1)
- acclimatisation (1)
- accompanying research (1)
- action recommendations (1)
- active stress (1)
- adapatation measures (1)
- adaptation behavior (1)
- adsorption (1)
- advances (1)
- aerobic and anaerobic conditions (1)
- aerosol (1)
- afecto (1)
- affect (1)
- ageing of population (1)
- aggradation and incision cycles (1)
- aggregate stability (1)
- aggregation (1)
- agricultural (1)
- agricultural modelling (1)
- agricultural production systems (1)
- agroecosystem (1)
- agronomic factors (1)
- air pollution (1)
- airborne bacteria (1)
- allometry (1)
- alternative economies (1)
- ambiente (1)
- andosols (1)
- antibiotic resistance (1)
- apatite (U-Th)/He (1)
- apatite fission track (1)
- aquifers system (1)
- arc basement (1)
- ardification (1)
- arid rangeland (1)
- aridification (1)
- arktisches Meereis (1)
- artificial light at night (1)
- aseismic (1)
- assessment (1)
- assessments (1)
- assimilatorische Aufnahme (1)
- assimilatory uptake (1)
- atmosphärische Erwärmung (1)
- atmosphère (1)
- attenuation coefficient (1)
- attitude (1)
- attribution (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- authigenic clay (1)
- automation (1)
- automotive electronics (1)
- average treatment effect (1)
- aviation (1)
- bacterial growth (1)
- basin (1)
- beach sediments (1)
- bed erosion (1)
- beetles (1)
- behaviour (1)
- berufliche Bildung (1)
- bilingual geography teaching (1)
- bilingual teaching (1)
- bilingualer Geographieunterricht (1)
- bilingualer Unterricht (1)
- bioclimatic niche (1)
- biodiversity and ecosystem services (1)
- bioenergy (1)
- biomass flows (1)
- biosilicification (1)
- biotope (1)
- bivalves (1)
- border area (1)
- border of the EU (1)
- boron-10 (1)
- bromeliads (1)
- brown rot (1)
- build up (1)
- burnt phytoliths; (1)
- caldera-like topography (1)
- canyon (1)
- capillarity (1)
- capillary electrophoresis (1)
- capital (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon cycle (1)
- carbonate ramp (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- casca (1)
- catchment area (1)
- catchment hydrology Water quality model (1)
- cellular automata (1)
- change (1)
- change agents (1)
- change detection (1)
- chironomids (1)
- chronosequence study (1)
- circulation patterns (1)
- circulation regimes (1)
- circumferential dike (1)
- citizenship education (1)
- clay neoformation (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate change impacts in the tropics (1)
- climate change mitigation (1)
- climate change scenarios (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate resilience (1)
- cloud cover (1)
- cluster analy (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- co-design (1)
- coastal cities (1)
- coastal flooding (1)
- coastal lowland (1)
- coastal urbanization (1)
- cocreated knowledge (1)
- cold content (1)
- cold neutrons (1)
- cold surges (1)
- colluvium depth modelling (1)
- combined time series (1)
- commercial sector (1)
- community cytometry (1)
- comparative urban studies (1)
- compensation effects (1)
- compilation (1)
- complex systems (1)
- complexity (1)
- compound events (1)
- condominios (1)
- cone sheet (1)
- conjugate fractures (1)
- conservation (1)
- content analysis (1)
- continental earthquakes (1)
- convection (1)
- copper immobilization (1)
- corporalité (1)
- corporeality (1)
- corporeidad (1)
- cosmic ray neutrons (1)
- cost-benefit-analysis (1)
- coupled model (1)
- creative city (1)
- creative economy (1)
- creative field (1)
- crop growth (1)
- crop yield (1)
- crop yield failure (1)
- cross recurrence plot in hydrology (1)
- cross-border activities (1)
- cross-scale analysis (1)
- curves (1)
- cyclicity (1)
- daily-discharge time (1)
- damage modeling (1)
- data analysis (1)
- data scarcity (1)
- database (1)
- databases (1)
- debris flows (1)
- decline in population and consequences (1)
- decomposition (1)
- deep (1)
- deep neural networks (1)
- deep-seated landslide (1)
- deforestation (1)
- degradation (1)
- democracy-building (1)
- demografischer Wandel in Deutschland (1)
- demographic change in Germany (1)
- denitrification (1)
- density (1)
- depth-damage functions (1)
- desert (1)
- detection (1)
- detector (1)
- detecção de nêutrons de raios cósmicos (1)
- deutsche Grenzregion zu Polen (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- development pathways (1)
- development process (1)
- diet shifts (1)
- dietary changes (1)
- different soluble fractions (1)
- differential equation (1)
- diffusion (1)
- digital education (1)
- digital terrain models (1)
- digitale Bildung (1)
- dike breach (1)
- dike relocation (1)
- disaggregation (1)
- disaster management (1)
- discharge (1)
- discourse (1)
- discourses (1)
- dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (1)
- dissolved organic matter (1)
- documentary method (1)
- drainage-based land use (1)
- driver (1)
- drought impacts (1)
- drought risk (1)
- drying-induced micro cracks (1)
- dryland catchments (1)
- dust (1)
- dust composition (1)
- dust emission (1)
- dust plumes (1)
- dynamic global vegetation model (1)
- dynamic population models (1)
- dynamic spatial phenomena (1)
- dynamic steady state (1)
- dynamische Populationsmodelle (1)
- dynamischer Raumphänomene (1)
- e-learning (1)
- early warning (1)
- earthquake-induced landslides (1)
- eco-hydrological modelling (1)
- eco-hydrology (1)
- ecohydrology (1)
- ecology (1)
- economic impacts (1)
- ecosystem-based (1)
- eddy covariance (1)
- edge effect (1)
- edge effects (1)
- education for sustainable development (1)
- effects of measures (1)
- effektive Maschenweite (1)
- efficient method (1)
- elections (1)
- electoral patterns (1)
- electrical conductivity (1)
- electrical resistivity tomography (1)
- electromagnetic induction (1)
- elevation dependency (1)
- elevation-dependency (1)
- embodied emissions (1)
- emission intensity (1)
- emissions (1)
- emoción (1)
- emotion (1)
- energy efficiency (1)
- entrepreneurial city (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental aspects (1)
- environmental impact assessment (1)
- environmental monitoring (1)
- environmental reconstructions (1)
- environmental tracer (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epiphytes (1)
- equation (1)
- estadio (1)
- event documentation (1)
- event recurrence predictability (1)
- everyday life (1)
- evolution (1)
- excess carbon (1)
- expected annual damage (1)
- expected annual damages (1)
- experimentelle Arbeitsformen (1)
- exposure (1)
- extraction methods (1)
- extreme discharge (1)
- extreme-value statistics (1)
- facies heterogeneity (1)
- family policy (1)
- fan identity (1)
- fashion design (1)
- fault creep (1)
- fault slip (1)
- fecal contamination (1)
- fenomenología (1)
- fermentation experiments (1)
- fertilization (1)
- field trials (1)
- field trip (1)
- field-scale (1)
- filtration (1)
- financial loss (1)
- finanzielle Schäden (1)
- fire modelling (1)
- fire regimes (1)
- fish (1)
- flood damage (1)
- flood insurance (1)
- flood loss (1)
- flood loss modelling (1)
- flood pathway (1)
- flood regime (1)
- flood response (1)
- flood risk assessment (1)
- floodplain sedimentation (1)
- flow discharge (1)
- flowpath (1)
- fluctuations (1)
- fluid injection (1)
- fluid pressurization (1)
- fluorescence microscopy (1)
- fluorescent dyes (1)
- fluvial flooding (1)
- fluvial incision (1)
- flux partitioning (1)
- fodder legumes (1)
- food demand (1)
- food security (1)
- food self-sufficiency (1)
- forced migrants (1)
- foreland basin (1)
- forest age-structure (1)
- forest fires (1)
- forest growth model 4C (1)
- forest growth modelling (1)
- forest hydrology (1)
- forest model (1)
- forest stand characteristics (1)
- fossil placer (1)
- fractal geometry (1)
- fragmentation (1)
- frames (1)
- fruit crops (1)
- function of evaluation (1)
- functional traits (1)
- future (1)
- fäkale Kontamination (1)
- fútbol (1)
- gap-filling (1)
- gare (1)
- gated communities (1)
- gelatin analogue modeling (1)
- gender gap (1)
- generalised additive models (GAMs) (1)
- generator (1)
- genetic algorithm (1)
- geochemistry (1)
- geodynamic modeling (1)
- geoecology (1)
- geographic border space research (1)
- geographical key concepts (1)
- geographische Grenzraumforschung (1)
- geography lessons (1)
- geohazards (1)
- geoinfomation science (1)
- geoinformatics (1)
- geological processes (1)
- geologische Prozesse (1)
- geomicrobial activity (1)
- geosience (1)
- geovirtual environments (1)
- geovirtuelle Umgebungen (1)
- geovisualisation (1)
- geovisuelle Analyse (1)
- gewerblicher Sektor (1)
- glacial / interglacial transition (1)
- glacial lakes (1)
- glacial refugia (1)
- glacier melt (1)
- glaciers (1)
- global (1)
- global environmental change (1)
- global flood model (1)
- global hydrological modeling (1)
- global runoff database (1)
- global sensitivity analysis (1)
- global warming (1)
- global warming potential (1)
- global water cycle (1)
- globale hydrologische Modellierung (1)
- globalization (1)
- glucosinolates (1)
- governance (1)
- grain size (1)
- gravity (1)
- grazing pressure (1)
- green deal (1)
- green infrastructure (1)
- greenhouse gas fluxes (1)
- greening (1)
- grey literature (1)
- gross primary production (1)
- ground response analysis (1)
- ground water (1)
- groundwater level variation (1)
- groundwater modeling (1)
- groundwater modelling (1)
- groundwater recharge (1)
- growth efficiency (1)
- großskalige Zirkulation (1)
- guided tours (1)
- gydrological modelling (1)
- habitat (1)
- halbstrukturiertes Interview (1)
- hazard maps (1)
- headward erosion (1)
- headwater catchments (1)
- heat action plan (1)
- heat diffusion (1)
- heat transport (1)
- heat waves (1)
- heavy minerals (1)
- heavy rain (1)
- heavy rainfall (1)
- helium-3 alternative (1)
- herbivory (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- high-frequency monitoring (1)
- high-order streams and rivers (1)
- high-rate GPS (1)
- hill slope scale (1)
- historical cross-section (1)
- historical maps (1)
- historischer Querschnitt (1)
- historisches Kartenmaterial (1)
- homogeneous (1)
- horsetail splays (1)
- housing careers (1)
- how-to guide (1)
- human activities (1)
- hummocky ground moraine (1)
- hybrid model (1)
- hydraulic models (1)
- hydraulische Bodeneigenschaften (1)
- hydro-meteorological (1)
- hydrodynamische Modellierung (1)
- hydrodynamische Simulation (1)
- hydrogeology (1)
- hydrogeomorphological modelling (1)
- hydrograph similarity (1)
- hydrological (1)
- hydrological change (1)
- hydrological model (1)
- hydrological modelling (1)
- hydrophobic effects (1)
- hydrophobicity (1)
- hydropower dam impact (1)
- hydropower generation (1)
- hydrothermal (1)
- hypermobility (1)
- hypermobilité (1)
- hyporheic zone (1)
- hyporheische Zone (1)
- ice-albedo feedback (1)
- ice-flow modeling (1)
- ice-shelf grounding (1)
- ice-shelf thickness (1)
- ideology (1)
- immigration (1)
- improvements (1)
- in situ upgrading (1)
- in-stream nitrogen dynamics (1)
- indicator-based analysis (1)
- individual recovery (1)
- induced seismicity (1)
- informal settlements (1)
- informelle Siedlungen (1)
- infrastructural mega projects (1)
- infrastructure (1)
- inkorporation (1)
- inorganic ions (1)
- insect decline (1)
- insect diversity (1)
- instruction booklet (1)
- integrated hydrolocal modelling (1)
- integrated modelling (1)
- inter- and transdisciplinarity (1)
- interaction (1)
- interactive web app (1)
- interception (1)
- intervention program (1)
- intrinsic motivation (1)
- inuosity (1)
- inverse modelling (1)
- inverse thermal modelling (1)
- iron (1)
- isotopic composition (1)
- karst (1)
- kettle holes (1)
- keywording (1)
- kinematic inversion (1)
- knowledge integration (1)
- knowledge transfer (1)
- kombinierte Zeitreihen (1)
- komplexe Systeme (1)
- kontinuierliche Simulation (1)
- kurzfristige Dauerstufe (1)
- kyoto protocol (1)
- lactic acid production (1)
- lacustrine sediment (1)
- lake restoration (1)
- lake sediments (1)
- lake water balance (1)
- land and water footprint (1)
- land tenure (1)
- land use conflicts (1)
- land-use change (1)
- land-use scenario (1)
- landscape (1)
- landscape analysis (1)
- landscape balance (1)
- landscape dissection (1)
- landscape fragmentation (1)
- landscape metrics (1)
- landscape modelling (1)
- landscape planning (1)
- landsch (1)
- landslide (1)
- landslide dam breach (1)
- landslide detection (1)
- landslide hydrology (1)
- landuse change (1)
- landwirtschaftlich (1)
- larch (1)
- large scale (1)
- large-scale circulation (1)
- large-scale flood hazard models (1)
- laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (1)
- last glacial (1)
- lateral hydrological connectivity (1)
- latitudinal gradient (1)
- leaf area (1)
- leaf area index (1)
- learning (1)
- learning organization (1)
- legume-grass mixture (1)
- lidar (1)
- light pollution (1)
- lignin content (1)
- limnische Sedimente (Seesedimente) (1)
- limnology (1)
- linear discriminant analysis (1)
- linear regression (1)
- lithosphere (1)
- livestock feed (1)
- living labs (1)
- local and regional factors (1)
- logging (1)
- loss modeling (1)
- loss modelling (1)
- loss models (1)
- low-cost sensor (1)
- lowland coasts (1)
- luftgetragene Bakterien (1)
- ländliche Entwicklung (1)
- ländlicher Raum (1)
- mHM-Nitrat-Modell (1)
- mHM-Nitrate model (1)
- macroinvertebrates (1)
- macrophytes (1)
- magma chamber (1)
- magmatic sill (1)
- magnitude (1)
- maize (1)
- manganese ore (1)
- manure application (1)
- maps in flood control (1)
- marginal revenue sites (1)
- marls (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- mass extinction (1)
- matching methods (1)
- material balance (1)
- matter (1)
- measurements (1)
- media (1)
- media education (1)
- megathrust earthquakes (1)
- meltwater (1)
- meltwater lakes (1)
- mesoscale convective systems (1)
- metabolite profiling (1)
- metacommunity assembly (1)
- meteorites, meteors, meteoroids (1)
- meteorological droughts (1)
- meteorologische Dürren (1)
- methane oxidation (1)
- methanotroph (1)
- metrics (1)
- micro (1)
- micro rain radar (1)
- microbial carbon (1)
- microbial communities (1)
- microbial ecology (1)
- microbialites (1)
- migration (1)
- migration discourse (1)
- mikrobielle Gemeinschaften (1)
- military plains (1)
- minimum mortality temperature (1)
- mixed cropping (1)
- mobile (1)
- mobile survey (1)
- mobility (1)
- model calibration (1)
- model city (1)
- model complexity (1)
- model coupling (1)
- model diagnostics (1)
- model intercomparison (1)
- model-data integration (1)
- modelling algorithms (1)
- modelling of land-use changes (1)
- monitoring (1)
- monitoring of anthropogenic activities (1)
- monitoring strategies (1)
- monosaccharides (1)
- monsoons (1)
- moraine soil landscape (1)
- morphological traits (1)
- morphology (1)
- mortality (1)
- mountain climate (1)
- mountain erosion (1)
- mountain hydrology (1)
- multi-sector risk (1)
- multi-site calibration (1)
- multilevel modelling (1)
- multiobjective calibration (1)
- multiobjektive Kalibrierung (1)
- multiplicative cascade model (1)
- multiscale (1)
- multispectral (1)
- multivariate Statistik (1)
- multivariate linear regression model (1)
- multivariate statistics (1)
- multivariates lineares Regressionsmodell (1)
- music industry (1)
- nationale und räumliche Identität (1)
- natural disturbances (1)
- natural hazard mitigation (1)
- natural language processing (1)
- natural terrestrial landforms (1)
- naturbasierte Lösungen (1)
- nature conservation area (1)
- nature-based solutions (1)
- natürliche Störungen (1)
- natürliche terrestrische Oberflächenformen (1)
- navigation (1)
- neoliberalism (1)
- net primary production (1)
- network (1)
- network analysis (1)
- networking (1)
- neue Institutionentheorie (1)
- neutron (1)
- new institutional theory (1)
- new media (1)
- newspaper (1)
- nichtlineare Geowissenschaften (1)
- nichtstationäres Hochwasserrisiko (1)
- night lights (1)
- nitrate dynamics (1)
- non-compliance (1)
- nonlinear response (1)
- nonstationarity (1)
- non‐ linearity (1)
- nordeste do Brasil (1)
- northeast of Brazil (1)
- northwestern Pacific (1)
- nowcasting (1)
- numerical models (1)
- numerische Modellierung (1)
- nutrient budget (1)
- nutrient cycle (1)
- nutrient export (1)
- nutrient retention (1)
- nutzbare Feldkapazität (1)
- nutzerorientiertes Kartenmodell (1)
- oberirdische Biomasse (1)
- object identification (1)
- oil palm plantation (1)
- oil-gas basin (1)
- oil-gas exploration engineering (1)
- opalinus clay (1)
- open range (1)
- open source software (1)
- open-cast lignite mining (1)
- optical flow (1)
- ore deposit (1)
- organische Bodensubstanz (1)
- oriental city (1)
- orientalische Stadt (1)
- orogen-foreland shortening system (1)
- orographic barrier (1)
- orographic precipitation (1)
- orographic rainfall (1)
- outburst floods (1)
- outliers (1)
- paired event (1)
- pak choi (1)
- palaeoecology (1)
- palaeovegetation (1)
- paleoenvironments (1)
- palygorskite (1)
- palynology (1)
- panel data (1)
- parameter transferability (1)
- partial adoption (1)
- partial equilibrium modeling (1)
- participative planning (1)
- particle uptake (1)
- particulate matter (1)
- pattern description (1)
- pattern-process interrelationship (1)
- patterns (1)
- peat soil microcosms (1)
- pedestrian navigation (1)
- pepper yield (1)
- perception (1)
- perennial crop (1)
- periglacial engine (1)
- permafrost coast (1)
- permafrost degradation (1)
- permafrost thaw (1)
- permanent downhole electrode array (1)
- personal care products (1)
- persönliche Informationen (1)
- pharmaceuticals and (1)
- phenolic compounds (1)
- phenology (1)
- phenomenology (1)
- phosphorus balance (1)
- phreatic eruption (1)
- phreatische Eruption (1)
- phylogeography (1)
- physiology-based models (1)
- phytoliths (1)
- phénoménologie (1)
- pilot measures (1)
- place attachment (1)
- planning strategies (1)
- plant diversity (1)
- plant macrofossil analysis (1)
- plant respiration (1)
- plasmas (1)
- plausibility test with field data (1)
- pluton (1)
- pmoA amplicon sequencing (1)
- polder (1)
- policy effectiveness (1)
- politiques publiques (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- polycentric governance (1)
- polycontexturality (1)
- polymictic lakes (1)
- ponds (1)
- population density (1)
- population policy (1)
- populations (1)
- pore pressure generation (1)
- porosity (1)
- porphyry copper deposits (1)
- postglacial recolonization (1)
- postgrowth (1)
- potential evapotranspiration (1)
- poultry manure (1)
- precipitation (1)
- precipitation index (SPI) (1)
- precipitation intensity (1)
- precipitation interpolation (1)
- predictability (1)
- preferential flow (1)
- preferential flow pathways (1)
- pressure propagation (1)
- principal components (1)
- privacy (1)
- private precaution (1)
- probabilistic modeling (1)
- probabilistische Modellierung (1)
- process analysis (1)
- process chain (1)
- process-based crop model (1)
- process-based modeling (1)
- processes (1)
- production network (1)
- productivity (GPP) (1)
- project coordination (1)
- projection (1)
- proof of concept in numerical environments (1)
- property level protection measures (1)
- propriedades hidráulicas do solo (1)
- prospective (1)
- protists (1)
- prozeß-basierte Modellierung (1)
- public communication (1)
- public engagement (1)
- pure-/simple-shear shortening (1)
- quality (1)
- quality assessment framework (1)
- quantile regression forest (1)
- radiography (1)
- railway (1)
- railway station (1)
- rainfall characteristics (1)
- rainfall variability (1)
- rainfall-runoff modelling (1)
- rainforest (1)
- rapid impact assessment (1)
- rare flood dynamics (1)
- rate (1)
- raum-zeitlich (1)
- raumbezogene Straftatenanalyse (1)
- raumbezogene Ökologie (1)
- reactive transport (1)
- readout electronics (1)
- real estate portals (1)
- recarga de águas subterrâneas (1)
- reclamation (1)
- recommendation (1)
- reconnection (1)
- reconstructive social research (1)
- region (1)
- regional aquifer parameters (1)
- regional climate change impacts (1)
- regionale Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen (1)
- religion (1)
- remagnetization (1)
- remote sensing data (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- reproducibility (1)
- research design (1)
- reservoir (1)
- reservoir sedimentation (1)
- resource scarcity (1)
- response surface analysis (1)
- retrieval of aerosol properties (1)
- revegetation (1)
- rheology (1)
- richness (1)
- right-wing extremism (1)
- right-wing populism (1)
- risk communication (1)
- risk dynamics (1)
- risk model chain (1)
- river (1)
- river erosion (1)
- river flooding (1)
- river floods (1)
- river incision (1)
- river profile analysis (1)
- river restoration (1)
- river-lake systems (1)
- road effect (1)
- rock glacier (1)
- root hydraulics (1)
- root water uptake (1)
- rotation (1)
- runoff development (1)
- runoff dynamics (1)
- runoff seasonality (1)
- runoff timing (1)
- rupture (1)
- rural (1)
- rural areas (1)
- rural development (1)
- räumlich-zeitliche Validierung (1)
- räumliche Abhängigkeit (1)
- räumliche Analyse (1)
- räumliche Identität (1)
- räumliche Immobilienmarktanalyse (1)
- salinization (1)
- salt load management (1)
- sandige Böden (1)
- sandy soils (1)
- satellite images (1)
- scanning electron microscope (1)
- scenario analysis (1)
- scenarios (1)
- schoolbook analysis (1)
- schrumpfende Städte (1)
- seascape (1)
- seasonal effects (1)
- sedaDNA (1)
- sediment accumulation (1)
- sediment bed fluidization (1)
- sediment cascade (1)
- sediment dynamics (1)
- sediment geochemistry (1)
- sediment management (1)
- sediment re-suspension (1)
- sediment transport and deposition (1)
- sediment trap (1)
- sediments (1)
- seismic (1)
- selbstorganisierte Karten (1)
- self-organising maps (1)
- self-organized criticality (1)
- seltenes und saisonunübliches Hochwasser (1)
- semi-structured interview (1)
- semiarides Gebiet (1)
- sensitivity (1)
- sensitivity analysis with field data (1)
- sensoriamento remoto (1)
- series ERA-interim (1)
- settlement area (1)
- shoreline (1)
- shoreline projection (1)
- short duration (1)
- signatures (1)
- silicon (1)
- silicon pore water speciation (1)
- simulation, size (1)
- single-cell analytics (1)
- site effects (1)
- siteproperties (1)
- size distribution (1)
- skalenübergreifende Analyse (1)
- slab window (1)
- small Alpine catchments (1)
- smart city (1)
- snow measurements (1)
- snow routine (1)
- snow water equivalent (1)
- soccer (1)
- social (1)
- social geography (1)
- social housing (1)
- social inequality (1)
- social network (1)
- social networks (1)
- socialism (1)
- societal resilience (1)
- socio-economic (1)
- socio-economy (1)
- socio-hydrology (1)
- socioeconomic factors (1)
- software (1)
- soil (1)
- soil analysis (1)
- soil cover percentage (1)
- soil hydraulic properties (1)
- soil landscape (1)
- soil moisture variability (1)
- soil organic carbon (SOC) (1)
- soil organic matter (1)
- soil protection (1)
- soil water (1)
- soils (1)
- solar irradiance (1)
- solute deposition (1)
- soziale Netzwerke (1)
- soziale Ungleichheit (1)
- sozialer Wohnungsbau (1)
- sozialräumliche Disparitäten (1)
- space (1)
- space images (1)
- spatial construction (1)
- spatial data (1)
- spatial dependence (1)
- spatial ecology (1)
- spatial identity (1)
- spatial insecurity (1)
- spatial match analysis (1)
- spatial planning (1)
- spatial resolution (1)
- spatial resolution; (1)
- spatio-temporal (1)
- spatio-temporal heterogeneity (1)
- spatio-temporal sensor data (1)
- spatiotemporal validation (1)
- species distribution (1)
- species distribution models (1)
- spectral analysis (1)
- spectral analysis of groundwater level fluctuations (1)
- square-root-impedance (1)
- stable carbon isotopes (1)
- stable isotope (1)
- stade (1)
- stadium (1)
- stakeholder engagement (1)
- standardised (1)
- standardisierter Niederschlagsindex (SPI (1)
- statistical analysis (1)
- statistical moments (1)
- status description (1)
- steady-state (1)
- steep mountain stream (1)
- steppe (1)
- stick-slip (1)
- stick-slip motion (1)
- stick–slip tests (1)
- stigmatization (1)
- stochastic and deterministic numerical model design (1)
- stoichiometric controls (1)
- storm runoff events (1)
- storm surge (1)
- strain rate (1)
- strategies (1)
- stratified event (1)
- stream denitrification (1)
- stream power law model (1)
- stream sinuosity (1)
- streamflow changes (1)
- streamflow trend (1)
- streamflow variability (1)
- strength (1)
- strike-slip system (1)
- stromatolite (1)
- strong Motion (1)
- structural analysis (1)
- structural equation modeling (1)
- struvite (1)
- student project (1)
- städtisch (1)
- städtische Überschwemmungen (1)
- städtischer Wärmeinseleffekt (1)
- subduction initiation (1)
- subduction segmentation (1)
- submarine (1)
- subnational resolution (1)
- subsurface flow (1)
- surfac runoff (1)
- surface sediment (1)
- surface water-groundwater interaction (1)
- surface-water relations (1)
- suspendiertes Sediment (1)
- sustainability transformation (1)
- sustainable development goals (1)
- sustainable diets (1)
- synergies and trade-offs (1)
- synergies and trade‐ offs (1)
- synthesis (1)
- synthetic aperture radar interferometry (1)
- synthetic climate change scenarios (1)
- synthetische Klimaszenarien (1)
- system conditions (1)
- system theory (1)
- systematic review (1)
- systematische Übersicht (1)
- systemic approaches (1)
- systemische Ansätze (1)
- systems theory (1)
- teaching geography (1)
- techniques: spectroscopic (1)
- tectonic regime (1)
- temperate regions (1)
- temperature index approach (1)
- temperature trend (1)
- temporal resolution (1)
- temporale (1)
- temporale Symbolik (1)
- terrestrial biogeosystems (1)
- terrestrial water storage variation (1)
- testing procedure (1)
- text analytics (1)
- text book (1)
- thermal-field (1)
- thermokarst (1)
- thermokinematic modelling (1)
- thin-thick-skinned tectonics (1)
- tidally modulated cryogenic seismicity (1)
- tiefes Lernen (1)
- tillage (1)
- time (1)
- time delay embedding for runoff series (1)
- time series analysis (1)
- time series investigation (1)
- time-domain reflectometry (1)
- time-seriesa (1)
- timescale dependency (1)
- timing (1)
- tipping-point (1)
- tomography (1)
- topography (1)
- trait-based approaches (1)
- transdisciplinary (1)
- transdisciplinary research (1)
- transformative policies (1)
- transnational migration (1)
- transnationale Migration (1)
- transport public policies (1)
- transregional (1)
- tree species effects (1)
- treeline ecotone (1)
- trend analysis (1)
- trend attribution (1)
- trend turning points (1)
- trichomes (1)
- trnL (1)
- trnL P6 loop (1)
- trophic level (1)
- tropical forests (1)
- tropical lake (1)
- tropical peatland (1)
- tropical rainforest (1)
- tropics (1)
- tropische Waldökosysteme (1)
- tropischer See (1)
- tundra (1)
- tundra vegetation (1)
- turbidity current (1)
- umlaufender Deich (1)
- umweltgerechte Landwirtschaft (1)
- uncertainty analysis (1)
- ungesättigte Zone (1)
- united states (1)
- universities (1)
- unloading stress (1)
- unternehmerische Stadt (1)
- unterschiedlich lösliche Fraktionen (1)
- urban decline (1)
- urban development (1)
- urban flooding (1)
- urban fraction (1)
- urban heat island (1)
- urban hydrology (1)
- urban planning (1)
- urban pluvial flood (1)
- urban regeneration (1)
- urban water (1)
- urban water supply (1)
- urbane Böden (1)
- urbane Hydrologie (1)
- urbanity (1)
- user-oriented map model (1)
- validation of model (1)
- value chain (1)
- value creation (1)
- vegetation dynamics (1)
- vegetation model (1)
- vegetation reconstruction (1)
- vergleichende Stadtforschung (1)
- ville intelligente (1)
- visualisation (1)
- vocational schools (1)
- vocational training (1)
- volcanic ash (1)
- volcanic ash soils (1)
- volcanic plumbing system (1)
- volcano monitoring (1)
- volcano seismology (1)
- voting behaviour (1)
- vulkanische Ascheböden (1)
- vulkanische Seismologie (1)
- vulkanisches System (1)
- warning (1)
- waste reuse (1)
- water (1)
- water availability (1)
- water balance; (1)
- water crisis (1)
- water framework directive (1)
- water mass variations (1)
- water movement (1)
- water quality modelling (1)
- water resources (1)
- water uptake (1)
- water utility company (1)
- waterbodies (1)
- wavelet analysis (1)
- wealth (1)
- weather (1)
- weather radar (1)
- weather types (1)
- weltwärts (1)
- western Canadian Arctic (1)
- wheat (1)
- wildflower mixture (1)
- wind gusts (1)
- wood density (1)
- wood products (1)
- work ethics (1)
- yield gap (1)
- zeitlich hochaufgelöste Sensormessungen (1)
- zivile Sicherheit (1)
- Änderungen des Hochwassers (1)
- Ökosystemleistungen (1)
- Ökosystemmodellierung (1)
- Überflutung (1)
- Übergangszone (1)
- Übertragbarkeit (1)
- Übertragbarkeit der Parameter (1)
- émotion (1)
- гидрология (1)
- глубокие нейронные сети (1)
- глубокое обучение (1)
- машинное обучение (1)
- моделирование (1)
Institute
- Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie (1559) (remove)
Parameterisierung atmosphärischer Grenzschichtprozesse in einem regionalen Klimamodell der Arktis
(1998)
Im Februar und März 2007 wurde vom Geographischen Institut der Universität eine Exkursion nach Neuseeland durchgeführt. Der hier vorliegende Bericht bezieht sich auf diese Exkursion. Im ersten Teil wird durch 17 Protokolle der Exkursionsverlauf wiedergegeben. Im zweiten Teil befassen sich sechs Texte näher mit je einem thematischen Aspekt der Exkursion. Autoren der Protokolle und der thematischen Texte sind die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer der Exkursion. Zum ersten Teil des Berichts – der Exkursionsverlauf Im ersten Teil dieses Berichtes wird der Verlauf der Exkursion Neuseeland 2007 des Geographischen Instituts der Universität Potsdam durch Tagesprotokolle dargestellt. Die Exkursion begann am 14. Februar 2007 in Auckland und endete am 4. März 2007 in Christchurch. Während dieser 19 Tage wurden verschiedene Orte auf der neuseeländischen Nord- und Südinsel aufgesucht, wobei die Exkursionsgruppe verschiedene Aspekte der neuseeländischen Gesellschaft aus einer humangeographischen Perspektive studierte. Im Mittelpunkt standen die Themen historische und jüngere Migration nach Neuseeland, Maori, Milchwirtschaft, Holzwirtschaft und Tourismus in Neuseeland. Die Tagesprotokolle machen deutlich, dass die Exkursion weniger in einer thematisch-systematischen Art und Weise durchgeführt wurde. Statt dessen erfolgte das Aufsuchen exemplarischer Orte, an denen Beobachtungen und darüber hinausgehende Erkundungen stattfanden. Die entsprechenden Aussagen sind in den Protokollen wiedergegeben, schwerpunktmäßig wird dabei folgendes angesprochen: Der erste Exkursionstag, das war der 14. Februar 2007, wurde für den Besuch des Geographischen Institutes der Auckland University genutzt. Dort wurde zum Beispiel eine Diskussionsrunde mit den beiden Humangeographen Richard Le Heron und Gordon Winder veranstaltet. Auch die folgenden zwei Tage verbrachten die Exkursionsgruppe in Auckland, wobei sie sich im »Auckland Museum« über die neuseeländische Geschichte und insbesondere über die Kultur der Maori informierte. Mit einem Maori-Guide unternahmen die Teilnehmer eine Stadtführung durch Auckland, wobei ebenfalls das Leben der Maori im Fokus stand. Außerdem besuchten sie eine private Einwanderungsagentur und führten in Kleingruppen Expertengespräche zum Thema »Migration und Integration in Neuseeland« durch. Am 17. Februar erkundeten die Exkursionsteilnehmer drei Orte in der näheren Umgebung Aucklands. Zunächst begaben sie sich zum Otara Market, einem Wochenmarkt der Pacific Islanders, der immer samstags in Otara abgehalten wird. Anschließend ging es weiter an die westliche Küste, wo sie unter Führung einer Rangerin durch den Muriwai-Regionalpark wanderten. Auf der Rückfahrt nach Auckland machten sie Halt in Soljan’s Winzerei, wo der Betrieb vorgestellt wurde und Wein verkosten werden konnte. Am 18. Februar verließ die Exkursionsgruppe Auckland in Richtung Norden, um zum Ort Puhoi zu gelangen. Dort beschäftigten sich die Teilnehmer mit den sogenannten Bohemians, die einst aus Böhmen nach Neuseeland auswanderten und deren Traditionen dort auch heute noch (zumindest teilweise) gepflegt werden. Am nächsten Tag fuhren sie weiter nach Pahia, dem nördlichsten Aufenthaltsort während der Exkursion. Auf dem Weg dorthin machten sie einen Umweg über Matakohe, wo das Kauri-Museum und der Tane Mahuta, der größte Kauribaum Neuseelands, besichtigt wurden. Am 20. Februar stand vormittags die Beschäftigung mit der Geschichte Neuseelands auf dem Tagesplan. Hierfür besuchte die Exkursionsgruppe die Waitangi Treaty Grounds. Dort informierten sich die Teilnehmer über den Vertrag von Waitangi und darüber, welche Folgen dieser für das Leben der Maori hatte. Am Nachmittag stand das Thema Tourismus im Mittelpunkt. Die Exkursionsteilnehmer machten sich mit einem Teil des touristischen Angebots vertraut, indem sie eine Bootstour durch die Bay of Islands unternahmen. Am 21. Februar fuhr die Gruppe in die Hamilton-Region, wo sie sich auch die folgenden zwei Tage aufhielt. Auf dem Weg dorthin wurde ein Zwischenstopp in Kawakawa und an den Whangarei Falls eingelegt. In Hamilton war die Exkursionsgruppe Gast im Geographischen Institut der Waikato University und im Waikato Migrant Resource Centre. Außerdem stand das Thema Milchwirtschaft auf dem Programm. Hierfür besichtigten die Teilnehmer das Unternehmen AmBreed, welches die Grundlage für die Aufzucht von Hochleistungsmilchkühen bereitstellt – nämlich das Bullensperma. Außerdem konnten sie sich über die Organisation und Probleme einer Milchfarm informieren. Darüber hinaus gestalteten in der Waikato-Region wohnende Nachfahren der böhmischen Einwanderer ein Abendprogramm für die Exkursionsgruppe. Den 24. Februar verbrachten die Teilnehmer im Gebiet von Rotorua. Dort durchkreuzten sie das Thermal Wonderland, in dem heiße Quellen und Geysire sowie die dadurch geschaffenen Oberflächengegebenheiten studiert werden können. Die heißen Quellen werden hier auch zur Energiegewinnung herangezogen, wovon sich die Exkursionsteilnehmer bei einer Besichtigung der Geothermal Power Station of Warakei überzeugen konnten. Auf der Fahrt zum Tongariro Nationalpark bewunderten sie die Huka Falls und machten Halt am Lake Taupo, dem größten See Neuseelands. Im Nationalpark unternahmen sie am 26. Februar eine Wanderung. Tags darauf fuhren sie weiter über Marton nach Wellington, der Hauptstadt Neuseelands. Dort war nachmittags sowie am 28. Februar Gelegenheit, die Stadt zu erkunden, unter anderem auf einer Stadtführung mit Prof. Bredlich. Daneben erfuhr man bei einem Besuch des neuseeländischen Nationalmuseums Te Papa viel Wissenswertes über Gesellschaft und Geschichte Neuseelands. Am 1. März überquerten sie mit der Fähre die Cookstraße, um zur Südinsel zu gelangen. Den Nachmittag dieses Tages verbrachte die Exkursionsgruppe in Upper Moutere, wo sie sich mit der Einwanderung Deutscher in der Region Nelson befasste Am Tag darauf fuhren die Teilnehmer zur Westküste und beschäftigten sich mit den Landschaftsformen der Südalpen und der Küste sowie mit der Frage, welche wirtschaftliche Rolle diese Region einst spielte und welche sie heute einnimmt. Am 3. März überquerten sie die Südalpen über den Athur’s Pass und kamen am Nachmittag in Christchurch an. Am nächsten Tag erlebten sie eine Besichtigungstour durch die größte Stadt der Südinsel unter Leitung von Prof. Parson vom Institut für Geographie der Universität von Canterbury. Dabei standen insbesondere Fragen des städtischen Wandels im Mittelpunkt, welcher mit den ökonomischen Reformen seit Ende der 80er Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts einherging. Damit endete am 4. März die Exkursion in Christchurch. Zum zweiten Teil des Berichts – die thematischen Texte Neben dem Gewinn eines ersten Eindrucks vor Ort bietet eine Exkursion als Form der Erkundung eines Landes durchaus auch die Gelegenheit, kritisch über gesellschaftliche Vorgänge zu reflektieren. Über solche Reflexionen geben die Darstellungen im zweiten Teil dieses Exkursionsberichtes Aufschluss. Das Spektrum der in den Texten aufgegriffenen Themen reicht dabei von physisch-geographischen Gegebenheiten, über Land- und Forstwirtschaft, die Maori bis zu bevölkerungsgeographischen Fragestellungen zur Migration und Integration in Neuseeland. Dem zu Grunde liegt ein – in der Geographie lange verwurzeltes – holistisches Verständnis der Disziplin. In den Berichten findet die zentrale Debatte in der Geographie um die Bedeutung und das Zusammenspiel von globalen, regionsunabhängigen und lokalen, regionsspezifischen Faktoren (»Glokalisierung«) an vielen Stellen ihren Ausdruck. Da während der Exkursion Einblick in verschiedenste Bereiche des Lebens in Neuseeland gewonnen werden konnten, ist es im thematischen zweiten Teil des Berichts vorrangiges Ziel, einen guten Überblick über Neuseeland und seine Bevölkerung zu geben. Dabei überwiegt ein beschreibender Charakter der Texte, gleichzeitig sollen aber auch zentrale Veränderungen und Herausforderungen für die neuseeländische Gesellschaft angesprochen, Erklärungsansätze gegeben und Lösungsstrategien aufgewiesen werden. Im Einzelnen ist der thematische Teil folgendermaßen aufgebaut: Zu Beginn widmet sich Anja Lehmann den Maori und beleuchtet Geschichte, Kultur und heutige Situation der indigenen Bevölkerung Neuseelands. Anschließend gehen Katharina Popig und Manuel Hundt in ihrem Text auf die frühe europäische Einwanderung nach Neuseeland, insbesondere auf die Rolle der deutschen bzw. böhmischen Einwanderer, ein. Im darauf folgenden Text zeigt Manuel Hundt die sich verändernden Muster in der jüngeren Migration auf und beleuchtet Fragen der Integration in Neuseeland, wobei insbesondere auf die Rolle der Pacific Islanders eingegangen wird. Dann folgt der Text von Lilli Maier. Sie beschäftigt sich mit Fragen des Tourismus und schildert die Gestalt des Fremdenverkehrs und seine Bedeutung für die neuseeländische Wirtschaft. Natalia Kiselgof gibt einen Überblick sowohl über physisch-geographische Aspekte und den Naturraum Neuseelands als auch über die Struktur der neuseeländischen Landwirtschaft, bevor Sören Sturm die Forstwirtschaft Neuseelands einer kritischen Analyse unterzieht.
The quantification of spatial propagation of extreme precipitation events is vital in water resources planning and disaster mitigation. However, quantifying these extreme events has always been challenging as many traditional methods are insufficient to capture the nonlinear interrelationships between extreme event time series. Therefore, it is crucial to develop suitable methods for analyzing the dynamics of extreme events over a river basin with a diverse climate and complicated topography. Over the last decade, complex network analysis emerged as a powerful tool to study the intricate spatiotemporal relationship between many variables in a compact way. In this study, we employ two nonlinear concepts of event synchronization and edit distance to investigate the extreme precipitation pattern in the Ganga river basin. We use the network degree to understand the spatial synchronization pattern of extreme rainfall and identify essential sites in the river basin with respect to potential prediction skills. The study also attempts to quantify the influence of precipitation seasonality and topography on extreme events. The findings of the study reveal that (1) the network degree is decreased in the southwest to northwest direction, (2) the timing of 50th percentile precipitation within a year influences the spatial distribution of degree, (3) the timing is inversely related to elevation, and (4) the lower elevation greatly influences connectivity of the sites. The study highlights that edit distance could be a promising alternative to analyze event-like data by incorporating event time and amplitude and constructing complex networks of climate extremes.
While of higher plant origin, a specific source assignment of sedimentary leaf wax n-alkanes remains difficult. In addition, it is unknown how fast a changing catchment vegetation would be reflected in sedimentary leaf wax archives. In particular, for a quantitative interpretation of n-alkane C and H isotope ratios in terms of paleohydrological and paleoecological changes, a better understanding of transfer times and dominant sedimentary sources of leaf wax n-alkanes is required. In this study we tested to what extent compositional changes in leaf wax n-alkanes can be linked to known vegetation changes by comparison with high-resolution palynological data from the same archive. We analyzed leaf wax n-alkane concentrations and distributions in decadal resolution from a sedimentary record from Trzechowskie paleolake (TRZ, northern Poland), covering the Late Glacial to early Holocene (13 360-9940 yr BP). As an additional source indicator of targeted n-alkanes, compound-specific carbon isotopic data have been generated in lower time resolution. The results indicated rapid responses of n-alkane distribution patterns coinciding with major climatic and paleoecological transitions. We found a shift towards higher average chain length (ACL) values at the Allerod-Younger Dryas (YD) transition between 12 680 and 12 600 yr BP, co-evaled with a decreasing contribution of arboreal pollen (mainly Pinus and Betula) and a subsequently higher abundance of pollen derived from herbaceous plants (Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Artemisia), shrubs, and dwarf shrubs (Juniperus and Salix). The termination of the YD was characterized by a successive increase in n-alkane concentrations coinciding with a sharp decrease in ACL values between 11 580 and 11 490 yr BP, reflecting the expansion of woodland vegetation at the YD-Holocene transition. A gradual reversal to longer chain lengths after 11 200 yr BP, together with decreasing n-alkane concentrations, most likely reflects the early Holocene vegetation succession with a decline of Betula. These results show that n-alkane distributions reflect vegetation changes and that a fast (i.e., subdecadal) signal transfer occurred. However, our data also indicate that a standard interpretation of directional changes in biomarker ratios remains difficult. Instead, responses such as changes in ACL need to be discussed in the context of other proxy data. In addition, we find that organic geochemical data integrate different ecological information compared to pollen, since some gymnosperm genera, such as Pinus, produce only a very low amount of n-alkanes and for this reason their contribution may be largely absent from biomarker records. Our results demonstrate that a combination of palynological and n-alkane data can be used to infer the major sedimentary leaf wax sources and constrain leaf wax transport times from the plant source to the sedimentary sink and thus pave the way towards quantitative interpretation of compound-specific hydrogen isotope ratios for paleohydrological reconstructions.
Deepening Understanding
(2012)
Deepening understanding
(2013)
Seit dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion kamen in diesem Raum neue Migrationsprozesse wie die Arbeitsmigration zwischen den südlichen GUS-Republiken und Russland, aber auch grenzüberschreitende Bevölkerungsbewegungen ethnischer Gruppen in ihre „historischen Herkunftsgebiete“ auf. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersuchten, dynamischen Wanderungsprozesse von Kasachen zwischen der Mongolei und Kasachstan weisen Kennzeichen dieses Migrationstypus, aber auch einige Besonderheiten auf. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat längere Forschungsaufenthalte in Kasachstan und der Mongolei von 2006 bis 2009 zur Grundlage. Aus der Mongolei stammende kasachische Migranten im Umland von Almaty und Kasachen im westlichsten aymag der Mongolei, Bayan-Ölgiy, wurden mittels quantitativer und qualitativer Methoden empirischer Sozialforschung befragt. Ergänzend wurden in beiden Staaten Befragungen von Experten aus gesellschaftlichen, wissenschaftlichen und politischen Institutionen durchgeführt, um eine möglichst ausgeglichene Sicht auf die postsowjetischen Migrations- und Inkorporationsprozesse zwischen beiden Staaten sicherzustellen. Zwischen den Migranten in Kasachstan und ihren – noch bzw. wieder – in der Mongolei lebenden Verwandten haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten enge soziale Netzwerke entwickelt. Die Aufrechterhaltung der Bindungen wird durch eine Verbesserung der Transport- und Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten zwischen beiden Staaten gefördert. Zirkuläre Migrationsmuster, regelmäßige Besuche und Telefongespräche sowie grenzüberschreitende sozioökonomische Unterstützungsmechanismen haben sich insbesondere in den vergangenen Jahren intensiviert. Diese Interaktionen sind im Kontext der rechtlichen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen im Migrationssystem Mongolei-Kasachstan – und insbesondere in Wechselwirkung mit der staat¬lichen Migrations- und Inkorpora-tionspolitik – einzuordnen. Die Erkenntnisse der vorliegenden Untersuchung lassen sich in aller Kürze so zusammenfassen: (I) Die in sozialen Netzwerken organisierten Interaktionen der Kasachen aus der Mongolei weisen Merkmale von, aber auch Unterschiede zu Konzepten des Transnationalismus-Ansatzes auf. (II) Die sozialen Bindungen zwischen Verwandten generieren Sozialkapital und tragen zur alltäglichen Unterstützung bei. (III) Die lokalen und grenzüberschreitenden Aktivitäten der Migranten sind als Strategien der sozioökonomischen Eingliederung zu deuten. (IV) Ein wesentlicher Teil der aus der Mongolei stammenden Kasachen artikuliert von der Mehrheitsbevölkerung abweichende, hybride Identifikationsmuster, die die politischen Eliten in Kasachstan bisher zu wenig wahrnehmen.
Assignments, curriculum framework and background information as the base of developing lessons
(2012)
1. What are the general strengths of the assignments? 2. Structure of the assignment 3. Resources of the assignment 4. Fostering self-expression 5. How could you improve the assignment? 6. Lack of specific examples 7. Not relating the issue to the students 8. Language Problems 9. Infeasibility to adaptation 10. In what ways was the additional information useful ? How could this be improved? 11. Was the framework useful for you and in what way? 12. In what ways did the assignments reflect the steps identified in the framework?
Each simulation algorithm, including Truncated Gaussian Simulation, Sequential Indicator Simulation and Indicator Kriging is characterized by different operating modes, which variably influence the facies proportion, distribution and association of digital outcrop models, as shown in clastic sediments. A detailed study of carbonate heterogeneity is then crucial to understanding these differences and providing rules for carbonate modelling. Through a continuous exposure of Bajocian carbonate strata, a study window (320 m long, 190 m wide and 30 m thick) was investigated and metre-scale lithofacies heterogeneity was captured and modelled using closely-spaced sections. Ten lithofacies, deposited in a shallow-water carbonate-dominated ramp, were recognized and their dimensions and associations were documented. Field data, including height sections, were georeferenced and input into the model. Four models were built in the present study. Model A used all sections and Truncated Gaussian Simulation during the stochastic simulation. For the three other models, Model B was generated using Truncated Gaussian Simulation as for Model A, Model C was generated using Sequential Indicator Simulation and Model D was generated using Indicator Kriging. These three additional models were built by removing two out of eight sections from data input. The removal of sections allows direct insights on geological uncertainties at inter-well spacings by comparing modelled and described sections. Other quantitative and qualitative comparisons were carried out between models to understand the advantages/disadvantages of each algorithm. Model A is used as the base case. Indicator Kriging (Model D) simplifies the facies distribution by assigning continuous geological bodies of the most abundant lithofacies to each zone. Sequential Indicator Simulation (Model C) is confident to conserve facies proportion when geological heterogeneity is complex. The use of trend with Truncated Gaussian Simulation is a powerful tool for modelling well-defined spatial facies relationships. However, in shallow-water carbonate, facies can coexist and their association can change through time and space. The present study shows that the scale of modelling (depositional environment or lithofacies) involves specific simulation constraints on shallow-water carbonate modelling methods.
Vor dem Hintergrund der Auffassung, dass ethnische Minderheiten eine Form so-zialer Organisation darstellen, verfolgt die Studie – unter Berücksichtigung der Mehr-deutigkeit des Raumbegriffs – das Ziel, anhand von Beispielen aus Rumänien ein Konzept zu entwickeln, mit dem sich die aktuelle Beziehung von Ethnizität und Raum im Transformationsprozess adäquat analysieren und beschreiben lässt.
Continuous pollen and chironomid records from Lake Emanda (65 degrees 17'N, 135 degrees 45'E) provide new insights into the Late Quaternary environmental history of the Yana Highlands (Yakutia). Larch forest with shrubs (alders, pines, birches) dominated during the deposition of the lowermost sediments suggesting its Early Weichselian [Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5] age. Pollen- and chironomid-based climate reconstructions suggest July temperatures (T-July) slightly lower than modern. Gradually increasing amounts of herb pollen and cold stenotherm chironomid head capsules reflect cooler and drier environments, probably during the termination of MIS 5. T-July dropped to 8 degrees C. Mostly treeless vegetation is reconstructed during MIS 3. Tundra and steppe communities dominated during MIS 2. Shrubs became common after similar to 14.5 ka BP but herb-dominated habitats remained until the onset of the Holocene. Larch forests with shrub alder and dwarf birch dominated after the Holocene onset, ca. 11.7 ka BP. Decreasing amounts of shrub pollen during the Lateglacial are assigned to the Older Dryas and Younger Dryas with T-July similar to 7.5 degrees C. T-July increased up to 13 degrees C. Shrub stone pine was present after similar to 7.5 ka BP. The vegetation has been similar to modern since ca. 5.8 ka BP. Chironomid diversity and concentration in the sediments increased towards the present day, indicating the development of richer hydrobiological communities in response to the Holocene thermal maximum.
Schwarz-Rot-Geil
(2018)
Droughts in São Paulo
(2023)
Literature has suggested that droughts and societies are mutually shaped and, therefore, both require a better understanding of their coevolution on risk reduction and water adaptation. Although the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region drew attention because of the 2013-2015 drought, this was not the first event. This paper revisits this event and the 1985-1986 drought to compare the evolution of drought risk management aspects. Documents and hydrological records are analyzed to evaluate the hazard intensity, preparedness, exposure, vulnerability, responses, and mitigation aspects of both events. Although the hazard intensity and exposure of the latter event were larger than the former one, the policy implementation delay and the dependency of service areas in a single reservoir exposed the region to higher vulnerability. In addition to the structural and non-structural tools implemented just after the events, this work raises the possibility of rainwater reuse for reducing the stress in reservoirs.
The sustainability of agro-bioenergy systems is dependent on many factors, some local or regional in implementation, some others global in nature. This study assessed the effects of often ignored local and regional factors (e.g. alternative agronomic factor options, alternative agricultural production systems, alternative biomass flows, alternative conversion technologies etc. The results from this study suggests that key to enhancing the energy efficiency (and by extension the sustainability) of agro-bioenergy systems is paying attention to local and regional factors such as biomass conversion technology, alternative agronomic factor options, alternative agricultural production systems and available biomass flows.
Thematic cartography
(2001)
India is facing a double burden of malnourishment with co-existences of under- and over-nourishment. Various socioeconomic factors play an essential role in determining dietary choices. Agriculture is one of the major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in India, contributing 18% of total emissions. It also consumes freshwater and uses land significantly. We identify eleven Indian diets by applying k-means cluster analysis on latest data from the Indian household consumer expenditure survey. The diets vary in calorie intake [2289-3218 kcal/Consumer Unit (CU)/day] and dietary composition. Estimated embodied GHG emissions in the diets range from 1.36 to 3.62 kg CO2eq./CU/day, land footprint from 4 to 5.45 m(2)/CU/day, whereas water footprint varies from 2.13 to 2.97m(3)/CU/day. Indian diets deviate from a healthy reference diet either with too much or too little consumption of certain food groups. Overall, cereals, sugar, and dairy products intake are higher. In contrast, the consumption of fruits and vegetables, pulses, and nuts is lower than recommended. Our study contributes to deriving required polices for the sustainable transformation of food systems in India to eliminate malnourishment and to reduce the environmental implications of the food systems. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Agriculture in India accounts for 18% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uses significant land and water. Various socioeconomic factors and food subsidies influence diets in India. Indian food systems face the challenge of sustainably nourishing the 1.3 billion population. However, existing studies focus on a few food system components, and holistic analysis is still missing. We identify Indian food systems covering six food system components: food consumption, production, processing, policy, environmental footprints, and socioeconomic factors from the latest Indian household consumer expenditure survey. We identify 10 Indian food systems using k-means cluster analysis on 15 food system indicators belonging to the six components. Based on the major source of calorie intake, we classify the ten food systems into production-based (3), subsidy-based (3), and market-based (4) food systems. Home-produced and subsidized food contribute up to 2000 kcal/consumer unit (CU)/day and 1651 kcal/CU/day, respectively, in these food systems. The calorie intake of 2158 to 3530 kcal/CU/day in the food systems reveals issues of malnutrition in India. Environmental footprints are commensurate with calorie intake in the food systems. Embodied GHG, land footprint, and water footprint estimates range from 1.30 to 2.19 kg CO(2)eq/CU/day, 3.89 to 6.04 m(2)/CU/day, and 2.02 to 3.16 m(3)/CU/day, respectively. Our study provides a holistic understanding of Indian food systems for targeted nutritional interventions on household malnutrition in India while also protecting planetary health.
To what extent has the European Union (EU) had a benign or retarding effect on what its member states would have undertaken in the absence of EU climate policies during 2008–2012? A measurement tool for the EU policy’s effect is developed and shows a benign average EU effect with considerable variation across countries. The EU’s policy effectiveness vis-à-vis its member states is explained by the EU’s non-compliance mechanism, the degree of usage of the Kyoto flexible mechanisms, and national pre-Kyoto emission reduction goals. Time-series cross-sectional analyses show that the EU’s non-compliance mechanism has no effect, while the ex-ante plans for using Kyoto flexible mechanisms and/or the ambitious pre-Kyoto emission reduction targets allow member states to escape constraints imposed by EU climate policy.
Precipitation forecasting has an important place in everyday life – during the day we may have tens of small talks discussing the likelihood that it will rain this evening or weekend. Should you take an umbrella for a walk? Or should you invite your friends for a barbecue? It will certainly depend on what your weather application shows.
While for years people were guided by the precipitation forecasts issued for a particular region or city several times a day, the widespread availability of weather radars allowed us to obtain forecasts at much higher spatiotemporal resolution of minutes in time and hundreds of meters in space. Hence, radar-based precipitation nowcasting, that is, very-short-range forecasting (typically up to 1–3 h), has become an essential technique, also in various professional application contexts, e.g., early warning, sewage control, or agriculture.
There are two major components comprising a system for precipitation nowcasting: radar-based precipitation estimates, and models to extrapolate that precipitation to the imminent future. While acknowledging the fundamental importance of radar-based precipitation retrieval for precipitation nowcasts, this thesis focuses only on the model development: the establishment of open and competitive benchmark models, the investigation of the potential of deep learning, and the development of procedures for nowcast errors diagnosis and isolation that can guide model development.
The present landscape of computational models for precipitation nowcasting still struggles with the availability of open software implementations that could serve as benchmarks for measuring progress. Focusing on this gap, we have developed and extensively benchmarked a stack of models based on different optical flow algorithms for the tracking step and a set of parsimonious extrapolation procedures based on image warping and advection. We demonstrate that these models provide skillful predictions comparable with or even superior to state-of-the-art operational software. We distribute the corresponding set of models as a software library, rainymotion, which is written in the Python programming language and openly available at GitHub (https://github.com/hydrogo/rainymotion). That way, the library acts as a tool for providing fast, open, and transparent solutions that could serve as a benchmark for further model development and hypothesis testing.
One of the promising directions for model development is to challenge the potential of deep learning – a subfield of machine learning that refers to artificial neural networks with deep architectures, which may consist of many computational layers. Deep learning showed promising results in many fields of computer science, such as image and speech recognition, or natural language processing, where it started to dramatically outperform reference methods.
The high benefit of using "big data" for training is among the main reasons for that. Hence, the emerging interest in deep learning in atmospheric sciences is also caused and concerted with the increasing availability of data – both observational and model-based. The large archives of weather radar data provide a solid basis for investigation of deep learning potential in precipitation nowcasting: one year of national 5-min composites for Germany comprises around 85 billion data points.
To this aim, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting. RainNet was trained to predict continuous precipitation intensities at a lead time of 5 min, using several years of quality-controlled weather radar composites provided by the German Weather Service (DWD). That data set covers Germany with a spatial domain of 900 km x 900 km and has a resolution of 1 km in space and 5 min in time. Independent verification experiments were carried out on 11 summer precipitation events from 2016 to 2017. In these experiments, RainNet was applied recursively in order to achieve lead times of up to 1 h. In the verification experiments, trivial Eulerian persistence and a conventional model based on optical flow served as benchmarks. The latter is available in the previously developed rainymotion library.
RainNet significantly outperformed the benchmark models at all lead times up to 60 min for the routine verification metrics mean absolute error (MAE) and critical success index (CSI) at intensity thresholds of 0.125, 1, and 5 mm/h. However, rainymotion turned out to be superior in predicting the exceedance of higher intensity thresholds (here 10 and 15 mm/h). The limited ability of RainNet to predict high rainfall intensities is an undesirable property which we attribute to a high level of spatial smoothing introduced by the model. At a lead time of 5 min, an analysis of power spectral density confirmed a significant loss of spectral power at length scales of 16 km and below.
Obviously, RainNet had learned an optimal level of smoothing to produce a nowcast at 5 min lead time. In that sense, the loss of spectral power at small scales is informative, too, as it reflects the limits of predictability as a function of spatial scale. Beyond the lead time of 5 min, however, the increasing level of smoothing is a mere artifact – an analogue to numerical diffusion – that is not a property of RainNet itself but of its recursive application. In the context of early warning, the smoothing is particularly unfavorable since pronounced features of intense precipitation tend to get lost over longer lead times. Hence, we propose several options to address this issue in prospective research on model development for precipitation nowcasting, including an adjustment of the loss function for model training, model training for longer lead times, and the prediction of threshold exceedance.
The model development together with the verification experiments for both conventional and deep learning model predictions also revealed the need to better understand the source of forecast errors. Understanding the dominant sources of error in specific situations should help in guiding further model improvement. The total error of a precipitation nowcast consists of an error in the predicted location of a precipitation feature and an error in the change of precipitation intensity over lead time. So far, verification measures did not allow to isolate the location error, making it difficult to specifically improve nowcast models with regard to location prediction.
To fill this gap, we introduced a framework to directly quantify the location error. To that end, we detect and track scale-invariant precipitation features (corners) in radar images. We then consider these observed tracks as the true reference in order to evaluate the performance (or, inversely, the error) of any model that aims to predict the future location of a precipitation feature. Hence, the location error of a forecast at any lead time ahead of the forecast time corresponds to the Euclidean distance between the observed and the predicted feature location at the corresponding lead time.
Based on this framework, we carried out a benchmarking case study using one year worth of weather radar composites of the DWD. We evaluated the performance of four extrapolation models, two of which are based on the linear extrapolation of corner motion; and the remaining two are based on the Dense Inverse Search (DIS) method: motion vectors obtained from DIS are used to predict feature locations by linear and Semi-Lagrangian extrapolation.
For all competing models, the mean location error exceeds a distance of 5 km after 60 min, and 10 km after 110 min. At least 25% of all forecasts exceed an error of 5 km after 50 min, and of 10 km after 90 min. Even for the best models in our experiment, at least 5 percent of the forecasts will have a location error of more than 10 km after 45 min. When we relate such errors to application scenarios that are typically suggested for precipitation nowcasting, e.g., early warning, it becomes obvious that location errors matter: the order of magnitude of these errors is about the same as the typical extent of a convective cell. Hence, the uncertainty of precipitation nowcasts at such length scales – just as a result of locational errors – can be substantial already at lead times of less than 1 h. Being able to quantify the location error should hence guide any model development that is targeted towards its minimization. To that aim, we also consider the high potential of using deep learning architectures specific to the assimilation of sequential (track) data.
Last but not least, the thesis demonstrates the benefits of a general movement towards open science for model development in the field of precipitation nowcasting. All the presented models and frameworks are distributed as open repositories, thus enhancing transparency and reproducibility of the methodological approach. Furthermore, they are readily available to be used for further research studies, as well as for practical applications.
For around a decade, deep learning - the sub-field of machine learning that refers to artificial neural networks comprised of many computational layers - modifies the landscape of statistical model development in many research areas, such as image classification, machine translation, and speech recognition. Geoscientific disciplines in general and the field of hydrology in particular, also do not stand aside from this movement. Recently, the proliferation of modern deep learning-based techniques and methods has been actively gaining popularity for solving a wide range of hydrological problems: modeling and forecasting of river runoff, hydrological model parameters regionalization, assessment of available water resources. identification of the main drivers of the recent change in water balance components. This growing popularity of deep neural networks is primarily due to their high universality and efficiency. The presented qualities, together with the rapidly growing amount of accumulated environmental information, as well as increasing availability of computing facilities and resources, allow us to speak about deep neural networks as a new generation of mathematical models designed to, if not to replace existing solutions, but significantly enrich the field of geophysical processes modeling. This paper provides a brief overview of the current state of the field of development and application of deep neural networks in hydrology. Also in the following study, the qualitative long-term forecast regarding the development of deep learning technology for managing the corresponding hydrological modeling challenges is provided based on the use of "Gartner Hype Curve", which in the general details describes a life cycle of modern technologies.
We systematically explore the effect of calibration data length on the performance of a conceptual hydrological model, GR4H, in comparison to two Artificial Neural Network (ANN) architectures: Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), which have just recently been introduced to the field of hydrology. We implemented a case study for six river basins across the contiguous United States, with 25 years of meteorological and discharge data. Nine years were reserved for independent validation; two years were used as a warm-up period, one year for each of the calibration and validation periods, respectively; from the remaining 14 years, we sampled increasing amounts of data for model calibration, and found pronounced differences in model performance. While GR4H required less data to converge, LSTM and GRU caught up at a remarkable rate, considering their number of parameters. Also, LSTM and GRU exhibited the higher calibration instability in comparison to GR4H. These findings confirm the potential of modern deep-learning architectures in rainfall runoff modelling, but also highlight the noticeable differences between them in regard to the effect of calibration data length.
Optical flow models as an open benchmark for radar-based precipitation nowcasting (rainymotion v0.1)
(2019)
Quantitative precipitation nowcasting (QPN) has become an essential technique in various application contexts, such as early warning or urban sewage control. A common heuristic prediction approach is to track the motion of precipitation features from a sequence of weather radar images and then to displace the precipitation field to the imminent future (minutes to hours) based on that motion, assuming that the intensity of the features remains constant (“Lagrangian persistence”). In that context, “optical flow” has become one of the most popular tracking techniques. Yet the present landscape of computational QPN models still struggles with producing open software implementations. Focusing on this gap, we have developed and extensively benchmarked a stack of models based on different optical flow algorithms for the tracking step and a set of parsimonious extrapolation procedures based on image warping and advection. We demonstrate that these models provide skillful predictions comparable with or even superior to state-of-the-art operational software. Our software library (“rainymotion”) for precipitation nowcasting is written in the Python programming language and openly available at GitHub (https://github.com/hydrogo/rainymotion, Ayzel et al., 2019). That way, the library may serve as a tool for providing fast, free, and transparent solutions that could serve as a benchmark for further model development and hypothesis testing – a benchmark that is far more advanced than the conventional benchmark of Eulerian persistence commonly used in QPN verification experiments.
Optical flow models as an open benchmark for radar-based precipitation nowcasting (rainymotion v0.1)
(2019)
Quantitative precipitation nowcasting (QPN) has become an essential technique in various application contexts, such as early warning or urban sewage control. A common heuristic prediction approach is to track the motion of precipitation features from a sequence of weather radar images and then to displace the precipitation field to the imminent future (minutes to hours) based on that motion, assuming that the intensity of the features remains constant (“Lagrangian persistence”). In that context, “optical flow” has become one of the most popular tracking techniques. Yet the present landscape of computational QPN models still struggles with producing open software implementations. Focusing on this gap, we have developed and extensively benchmarked a stack of models based on different optical flow algorithms for the tracking step and a set of parsimonious extrapolation procedures based on image warping and advection. We demonstrate that these models provide skillful predictions comparable with or even superior to state-of-the-art operational software. Our software library (“rainymotion”) for precipitation nowcasting is written in the Python programming language and openly available at GitHub (https://github.com/hydrogo/rainymotion, Ayzel et al., 2019). That way, the library may serve as a tool for providing fast, free, and transparent solutions that could serve as a benchmark for further model development and hypothesis testing – a benchmark that is far more advanced than the conventional benchmark of Eulerian persistence commonly used in QPN verification experiments.
During the last few decades, the rapid separation of the Small Aral Sea from the isolated basin has changed its hydrological and ecological conditions tremendously. In the present study, we developed and validated the hybrid model for the Syr Darya River basin based on a combination of state-of-the-art hydrological and machine learning models. Climate change impact on freshwater inflow into the Small Aral Sea for the projection period 2007–2099 has been quantified based on the developed hybrid model and bias corrected and downscaled meteorological projections simulated by four General Circulation Models (GCM) for each of three Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP). The developed hybrid model reliably simulates freshwater inflow for the historical period with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.72 and a Kling–Gupta efficiency of 0.77. Results of the climate change impact assessment showed that the freshwater inflow projections produced by different GCMs are misleading by providing contradictory results for the projection period. However, we identified that the relative runoff changes are expected to be more pronounced in the case of more aggressive RCP scenarios. The simulated projections of freshwater inflow provide a basis for further assessment of climate change impacts on hydrological and ecological conditions of the Small Aral Sea in the 21st Century.
During the last few decades, the rapid separation of the Small Aral Sea from the isolated basin has changed its hydrological and ecological conditions tremendously. In the present study, we developed and validated the hybrid model for the Syr Darya River basin based on a combination of state-of-the-art hydrological and machine learning models. Climate change impact on freshwater inflow into the Small Aral Sea for the projection period 2007-2099 has been quantified based on the developed hybrid model and bias corrected and downscaled meteorological projections simulated by four General Circulation Models (GCM) for each of three Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP). The developed hybrid model reliably simulates freshwater inflow for the historical period with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.72 and a Kling-Gupta efficiency of 0.77. Results of the climate change impact assessment showed that the freshwater inflow projections produced by different GCMs are misleading by providing contradictory results for the projection period. However, we identified that the relative runoff changes are expected to be more pronounced in the case of more aggressive RCP scenarios. The simulated projections of freshwater inflow provide a basis for further assessment of climate change impacts on hydrological and ecological conditions of the Small Aral Sea in the 21st Century.
Developing Critical Thinking
(2012)
Developing critical thinking
(2012)
Relating to students
(2013)
Umweltbildung
(2013)
The Alborz range of N Iran provides key information on the spatiotemporal evolution and characteristics of the Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone. The southwestern Alborz range constitutes a transpressional duplex, which accommodates oblique shortening between Central Iran and the South Caspian Basin. The duplex comprises NW-striking frontal ramps that are kinematically linked to inherited E-W-striking, right-stepping lateral to obliquely oriented ramps. New zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He data provide a high-resolution framework to unravel the evolution of collisional tectonics in this region. Our data record two pulses of fast cooling associated with SW-directed thrusting across the frontal ramps at similar to 18-14 and 9.5-7.5 Ma, resulting in the tectonic repetition of a fossil zircon partial retention zone and a cooling pattern with a half U-shaped geometry. Uniform cooling ages of similar to 7-6 Ma along the southernmost E-W striking oblique ramp and across its associated NW-striking frontal ramps suggests that the ramp was reactivated as a master throughgoing, N-dipping thrust. We interpret this major change in fault kinematics and deformation style to be related to a change in the shortening direction from NE to N/NNE. The reduction in the obliquity of thrusting may indicate the termination of strike-slip faulting (and possibly thrusting) across the Iranian Plateau, which could have been triggered by an increase in elevation. Furthermore, we suggest that similar to 7-6-m.y.-old S-directed thrusting predated inception of the westward motion of the South Caspian Basin. Citation: Ballato, P., D. F. Stockli, M. R. Ghassemi, A. Landgraf, M. R. Strecker, J. Hassanzadeh, A. Friedrich, and S. H. Tabatabaei (2012), Accommodation of transpressional strain in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone: new constraints from (U-Th)/He thermochronology in the Alborz mountains.
Planetary research is often user-based and requires considerable skill, time, and effort. Unfortunately, self-defined boundary conditions, definitions, and rules are often not documented or not easy to comprehend due to the complexity of research. This makes a comparison to other studies, or an extension of the already existing research, complicated. Comparisons are often distorted, because results rely on different, not well defined, or even unknown boundary conditions. The purpose of this research is to develop a standardized analysis method for planetary surfaces, which is adaptable to several research topics. The method provides a consistent quality of results. This also includes achieving reliable and comparable results and reducing the time and effort of conducting such studies. A standardized analysis method is provided by automated analysis tools that focus on statistical parameters. Specific key parameters and boundary conditions are defined for the tool application. The analysis relies on a database in which all key parameters are stored. These databases can be easily updated and adapted to various research questions. This increases the flexibility, reproducibility, and comparability of the research. However, the quality of the database and reliability of definitions directly influence the results. To ensure a high quality of results, the rules and definitions need to be well defined and based on previously conducted case studies. The tools then produce parameters, which are obtained by defined geostatistical techniques (measurements, calculations, classifications). The idea of an automated statistical analysis is tested to proof benefits but also potential problems of this method. In this study, I adapt automated tools for floor-fractured craters (FFCs) on Mars. These impact craters show a variety of surface features, occurring in different Martian environments, and having different fracturing origins. They provide a complex morphological and geological field of application. 433 FFCs are classified by the analysis tools due to their fracturing process. Spatial data, environmental context, and crater interior data are analyzed to distinguish between the processes involved in floor fracturing. Related geologic processes, such as glacial and fluvial activity, are too similar to be separately classified by the automated tools. Glacial and fluvial fracturing processes are merged together for the classification. The automated tools provide probability values for each origin model. To guarantee the quality and reliability of the results, classification tools need to achieve an origin probability above 50 %. This analysis method shows that 15 % of the FFCs are fractured by intrusive volcanism, 20 % by tectonic activity, and 43 % by water & ice related processes. In total, 75 % of the FFCs are classified to an origin type. This can be explained by a combination of origin models, superposition or erosion of key parameters, or an unknown fracturing model. Those features have to be manually analyzed in detail. Another possibility would be the improvement of key parameters and rules for the classification. This research shows that it is possible to conduct an automated statistical analysis of morphologic and geologic features based on analysis tools. Analysis tools provide additional information to the user and are therefore considered assistance systems.
Floor-Fractured Craters (FFCs) represent an impact crater type, where the infilling is separated by cracks into knobs of different sizes and shapes. This work focuses on the possible processes which form FFCs to understand the relationship between location and geological environment. We generated a global distribution map using new High Resolution Stereo Camera and Context Camera images. Four hundred and twenty-one potential FFCs have been identified on Mars. A strong link exists among floor fracturing, chaotic terrain, outflow channels and the dichotomy boundary. However, FFCs are also found in the Martian highlands. Additionally, two very diverse craters are used as a case study and we compared them regarding appearance of the surface units, chronology and geological processes. Five potential models of floor fracturing are presented and discussed here. The analyses suggest an origin due to volcanic activity, groundwater migration or tensile stresses. Also subsurface ice reservoirs and tectonic activity are taken into account. Furthermore, the origin of fracturing differs according to the location on Mars. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.