Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (924) (remove)
Year of publication
- 2008 (924) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (535)
- Doctoral Thesis (181)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (171)
- Review (26)
- Other (7)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Course Material (1)
- Moving Images (1)
- Sound (1)
Keywords
- Gegenstand (2)
- Haushaltsgegenstand (2)
- Modell (2)
- Änderung (2)
- Absurda comica Oder Herr Peter Squentz (1)
- Andreas Gryphius (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Christian Weise (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Del Giudice, Daniele (1)
- Deskriptive Statistik (1)
- Deutsche Literatur der Frühen Neuzeit (1)
- Drama (1)
- Eltern (1)
- Empirische Sozialforschung (1)
- Fastnachtspiele (1)
- Frühe Neuzeit (1)
- Inferenzstatistik (1)
- Jacob Masen (1)
- Kühlschrank (1)
- Lehrmittel (1)
- Messer (1)
- Metapher (1)
- Multikulturelle Gesellschaft (1)
- Neurowissenschaften (1)
- Pickelhäring (1)
- Politische Bildung (1)
- Schultheater (1)
- Sophokles (1)
- children obesity (1)
- kindliche Adipositas (1)
- lutherische Theologie (1)
- overweight (1)
- parents (1)
- Übergewicht (1)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (92)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (87)
- Institut für Romanistik (84)
- Institut für Chemie (76)
- Department Psychologie (69)
- Historisches Institut (68)
- Institut für Germanistik (47)
- Öffentliches Recht (45)
- Sozialwissenschaften (39)
- Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik (32)
Die Neufassung der Karfreitagsfuerbitte des Papstes hat vielfaeltige Reaktionen ausgeloest. Der Band bildet die kontoversen Positionen zu diesem sensiblen Thema ab und zeigt Zukunftsperspektiven fuer das katholisch-juedische Gespraech auf. Mit Beitraegen von: Henry G. Brandt, Johannes Brosseder, Micha Brumlik, Elias H. Fuellenbach OP, Albert Gerhards, Guenther B. Ginzel, Hanspeter Heinz, Hans Hermann Henrix, Walter Homolka, Nathan Kalmanowicz, John T. Pawlikowski OSM, Heinz-Guenther Schoettler, Jonah Sievers, Michael A. Signer, Knut Wenzel, Josef Wohlmuth, Erich Zenger sowie der Stellungnahme des Gespraechskreises "Juden und Christen" beim ZdK, einer uebersicht ueber die Fuerbittformulierungen seit 1570 und der Stellungnahme des Vatikanischen Staatssekretariates.
Blickt man auf die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Orientwissenschaften im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert zurück, so kann man nicht umhin, festzustellen, dass die maßgebliche Rolle des Pioniers und dann Formgebers hier jüdisch akkulturierten Wissenschaftlern in Europa, insbesondere in Deutschland, zukommt. Orientwissenschaft ist in ihren Anfängen keine lineare Bewegung von westlichen, d.h. christlichen oder noch öfter saekularisierten Forschern hin auf einen islamischen Orient. Sie reflektiert auch keine reine Subjekt-Objekt-Beziehung, wie Edward Saids Konzept Orientalism suggerieren könnte. Vielmehr ist das mit dieser Forschung eröffnete intellektuelle Spannungsfeld nur als ein kreatives Dreiecksverhältnis zu begreifen: Es waren zunächst deutsche Juden, die sich dem "Orient" zuwandten, die mit den im saekularisierten Europa entwickelten Methoden arabistische Textforschung betrieben. Und es waren Angehörige der Wissenschaft des Judentums, die diese von ihnen studierte "orientalische Kultur" - statt sie als exklusives Forschungs-Objekt wahrzunehmen - als Teil ihrer eigenen Kultur begriffen. Diese plurikulturellen "Ursprünge" möchte das hier vorliegende Buch beleuchten. Der von Ernest Renan erhobene Anspruch, der Islam sei "im vollen Licht der Geschichte" entstanden, verdient heute neu reflektiert zu werden: Der Band will zeigen, wie das von der Wissenschaft des Judentums auf den Koran geworfene Schlaglicht auch heute Wege zu einer kulturell offeneren, der islamischen Tradition angemesseneren Wahrnehmung der Grundurkunde des Islam weisen kann.
Der Artikel praesentiert eine empirische Untersuchung der von kindlichen DaZ-Lernern gebildeten Pluralformen zu deutschen Substantiven. Die Frage, auf welche Weise der Erwerb dieses komplexen morphologischen Teilsystems erfolgt und wie er erklaert werden kann, reiht sich ein in die Diskussion zweier entgegen gesetzter Konzepte zum Erwerb und mentalen Repraesentation morphologisch komplexer (ir)regulaerer Formen, naemlich des Duale Routen Modells und des Netzwerkmodells. Aufgrund der Komplexitaet des deutschen Plurals sind die hier praesentierten Daten hervorragend geeignet, einen Beitrag zu leisten zu der seit ca. 20 Jahren in der Psycholinguistik und Spracherwerbsforschung gefuehrten Diskussion darueber, nach welchem Modell morphologische Systeme im natuerlichen Spracherwerb gelernt und verarbeitet werden. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass Umlaut-konforme Formen unter den uebergeneralisierungen deutlich ueberwiegen. Dies ist Evidenz fuer das Vorliegen von Musterextraktion und deren assoziativer Verknuepfung zu Netzwerken. Denn diese mehrheitlich Umlaut-konformen Bildungen deuten darauf hin, dass die Lerner eine ungefaehre Vorstellung vom richtigen Muster entwickelt haben, die Verknuepfung aber nur unvollkommen herstellen. Offenbar haben sie eine Vorstellung hinsichtlich des Vokals der Pluralform. Sie folgen also keiner Regel, sondern einem Muster, das sie aus den im Input vorgefundenen Formen extrahiert und durch Verknuepfung mit aehnlichen Formen zu einem Schema aufgebaut haben. Musterextraktion und Analogiebildung besteht in der Konnektion zwischen Singular- und Pluralform einerseits und der zwischen verschiedenen Pluralformen eines Musters andererseits. Dafuer spielt der betonte Stammvokal eine zentrale Rolle. Unter- und uebergeneralisierung des Umlauts kann konnektionistisch erklaert werden: Fehlende Umlautung beruht auf zu enger Bindung des Lerners an den Singular bzw. zu enger Verknuepfung der Pluralform mit dem Singularstamm - von Fuchs gelangt man leichter zu *Fuchse als zu Fuechse. Hyperkorrekte Umlautung beruht dagegen auf zu enger Verknuepfung der Pluralformen einer Umlaut-Klasse untereinander: von Fuechse gelangt man leichter zu *Huende als zu Hunde.
A series of 9,10-diarylanthracenes with various substituents at the ortho positions have been synthesised by palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions. Such compounds exhibit interesting physical properties and can be applied as molecular switches. Despite the high steric demand of the substituents, products were formed in moderate-to-good yields. In some cases, microwave conditions further improved yields. Bis-coupling afforded two isomers (syn and anti) that do not interconvert at room temperature. These products were easily separated and their relative stereochemistries were unequivocally assigned by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The syn and anti isomers exhibit different physical properties (e.g., melting points and solubilities) and interconversion by rotation around the aryl-aryl axis commences at <100 °C for fluoro-substituted diarylanthracenes and at >300 °C for alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted diarylanthracenes. The reactions with singlet oxygen were studied separately and revealed different reactivities and reaction pathways. The yields and reactivities depend on the size and electronic nature of the substituents. The anti isomers form the same 9,10-endoperoxides as the syn species, occasionally accompanied by unexpected 1,4-endoperoxides as byproducts. Thermolysis of the endoperoxides exclusively yielded the syn isomers. The interesting rotation around the aryl-aryl axis allows the application of 9,10-diarylanthracenes as molecular switches, which are triggered by light and air under mild conditions. Finally, the oxygenation and thermolysis sequence provides a simple, synthetic access to a single stereoisomer (syn) from an unselective coupling step.
We present a general framework for integrating annotations from different tools and tag sets. When annotating corpora at multiple linguistic levels, annotators may use different expert tools for different phenomena or types of annotation. These tools employ different data models and accompanying approaches to visualization, and they produce different output formats. For the purposes of uniformly processing these outputs, we developed a pivot format called PAULA, along with converters to and from tool formats. Different annotations are not only integrated at the level of data format, but are also joined on the level of conceptual representation. For this purpose, we introduce OLiA, an ontology of linguistic annotations that mediates between alternative tag sets that cover the same class of linguistic phenomena. All components are integrated in the linguistic information system ANNIS : Annotation tool output is converted to the pivot format PAULA and read into a database where the data can be visualized, queried, and evaluated across multiple layers. For cross-tag set querying and statistical evaluation, ANNIS uses the ontology of linguistic annotations. Finally, ANNIS is also tied to a machine learning component for semiautomatic annotation.
a- vs. B-languages or 2nd position vs. verb-adjacent clitics in west andsouth slavic languages?
(2008)
Adipositas
(2008)
A chemotaxonomic evaluation using hplc profiling was undertaken to resolve the infrageneric and intergeneric affinities of over 150 strains of Xylariaceae. Daldinia placentiformis, Hypoxylon nicaraguense, H. polyporus, and Phylacia sagrana were found to contain 8-methoxy-1-naphthol, which is apparently absent in Annulohypoxylon, Hypoxylon, and related genera with bipartite stromata. D. placentiformis and other species of Daldinia and Entonaema produced this naphthol, 5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone, isosclerone derivatives, and 'AB-5046' phytotoxins. Phylacia sagrana differed from most Daldinia spp., except for D. caldariorum, by producing eutypine derivatives in addition to the above compounds. indolylquinones were observed in H. nicaraguense and H. polyporus. Isosclerones were also identified in the A. multiforme complex, but Hypoxylon and other Annulohypoxylon and most Hypoxylon spp. studied Annulohypoxylon spp. contained S-methylmellein as the major metabolite of their cultures. Based on the occurrence of the above metabolites, further mellein-type dihydroisocoumarins, teleomorphic and anamorphic Xylariaceae with Nodulisporium-like anamorphs ('Hypoxyloideae') were divided into various chemotypes. A comparison of their 5.8S/ ITS nuc-rDNA sequences agreed in some important aspects with the above results: H. nicaraguense and H. polyporus appeared basal to a clade comprising Daldinia, Entonaema, and Ph. sagrana. The latter species appeared allied to D. caldariorum, but was distantly related to Pyrenomyxa morganii and Hypoxylon s. str. (C) 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
This study investigated whether older adults could acquire the ability to perform 2 cognitive operations in parallel in a paradigm in which young adults had been shown to be able to do so (K. Oberauer & R. Kliegl, 2004). Twelve young and 12 older adults practiced a numerical and a visuospatial continuous memory updating task in single-task and dual-task conditions for 16 to 24 sessions. After practice, 9 young adults were able to process the 2 tasks without dual- task costs, but none of the older adults had reached the criterion of parallel processing. The results suggest a qualitative difference between young and older adults in how they approach dual-task situations.
Aktives kommunales Debt Management : Wege zu mehr Effizienz bei der kommunalen Fremdfinanzierung
(2008)
Albrecht der Bär
(2008)
Aliens, intregration
(2008)
Das Menschenbild, auf dem die meisten Theorien und Modelle in der Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie indirekt beruhen, beschreibt den Menschen als eher passives Wesen. Arbeitnehmer reagieren auf die Anforderungen ihrer Arbeitsrolle, führen die Bestimmungen des Arbeitsvertrages sowie Arbeitsaufträge und -anweisungen aus. Gleichermaßen werden die Motivation und Gesundheit von Arbeitenden in der Regel als Folge von Arbeits- und Umgebungsbedingungen betrachtet. Dieser Perspektive, die den arbeitenden Menschen als "Spielstein" seiner Umgebung darstellt, wird zunehmend die Betrachtung des aktiven Menschen entgegengesetzt. Arbeitende sind nicht nur passive Auftragsempfänger, sondern sie können auch proaktiv sein, die Initiative ergreifen und ungefragt innovative Lösungen entwickeln. In ihrem Vortrag wird Doris Fay eigene Arbeiten zu Proaktivität und Innovativität vorstellen. Es werden die Arbeitsbedingungen, die zur Entwicklung von aktiven Handlungen beitragen, betrachtet und Konsequenzen von aktivem Handeln und Ansätze zur Selbstregulation diskutiert.
Echnaton, Nofrete und die neu gebaute Hauptstadt Amarna beschäftigen nicht nur Archäologen und Ägyptologen, sondern sie sind seit langem Themen der Religions- und Kunstgeschichte, jetzt auch der Sozialgeschichte. Seit dem Fund der Tontafeln (1887) mit der Korrespondenz des Königs und der deutschen Ausgrabung von 1911-14 sind die Diskussionen über die Amarnazeit nicht abgerissen. Die Publikation stellt die Lebensräume der Stadtbewohner (Stadt, Umland, Gebäude) vor, zeichnet die Lebensbilder bedeutender Persönlichkeiten und beschreibt die Weltbilder dieser Zeit, die sich in Kunst und Religion widerspiegeln.
Sf6 belongs to the Podoviridae family of temperate bacteriophages that infect gram-negative bacteria by insertion of their double-stranded DNA. They attach to their hosts specifically via their tailspike proteins. The 1.25 Å crystal structure of Shigella phage Sf6 tailspike protein (Sf6 TSP) reveals a conserved architecture with a central, right-handed ; helix. In the trimer of Sf6 TSP, the parallel ; helices form a left-handed, coiled;; coil with a pitch of 340 Å. The C-terminal domain consists of a ; sandwich reminiscent of viral capsid proteins. Further crystallographic and biochemical analyses show a Shigella cell wall O-antigen fragment to bind to an endorhamnosidase active site located between two ;-helix subunits each anchoring one catalytic carboxylate. The functionally and structurally related bacteriophage, P22 TSP, lacks sequence identity with Sf6 TSP and has its active sites on single subunits. Sf6 TSP may serve as an example for the evolution of different host specificities on a similar general architecture.
Anerkennung als Kategorie pädagogischen Handelns : Theorie und Vision einer anderen Schulkultur
(2008)
In this paper we report the results of an elicited imitation task on dative case marking in non-canonical double object constructions with 22 German children (3;9-6;8). The aim was to test the proficiency of the children's grammar and to see which strategies they use to produce ditransitive sentences in which the direct object precedes the indirect object. The analysis of the children's utterances/imitations shows that the animacy of the direct object affects the overt dative case marking of the indirect object. Children made more errors repeating dative case marking when the direct object was inanimate, i.e., they produced the accusative case on the indirect object (non-adult-like). When both objects were animate, children correctly produced the dative case on the indirect object. We describe and account for these performance strategies of the children in the framework of Optimality Theory. Assuming that the same universal constraints are at work as in the adult grammar, the difference between adults and children lies in the constraint ranking. We focus on a prominent pattern found in children's performance, which is absent (or rather oppressed) in the corresponding adult performance, and show that one and the same grammar accounts for both (in the sense of "strong continuity"). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The anisotropic effect of the planar nitrate anion NO3- has been ab initio calculated employing the Nucleus- Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) concept of von Ragué Schleyer and visualized as Iso-Chemical-Shielding Surfaces (ICSSs) of various (de)shieldings. Complexation-induced shifts in the 1H NMR spectra of nitrate/metal complexes or nitrate/receptor supramolecules can be separated now into anisotropic influences of the suitably coordinated nitrate anions and effects originating from differential sources.
Annual plants under cyclic disturbance regime : better understanding through model aggregation
(2008)
In their application for conservation ecology, 'classical' analytical models and individual-based simulation models (IBMs) both entail their specific strengths and weaknesses, either in providing a detailed and realistic representation of processes or in regard to a comprehensive model analysis. This well-known dilemma may be resolved by the combination of both approaches when tackling certain problems of conservation ecology. Following this idea, we present the complementary use of both an IBM and a matrix population model in a case study on grassland conservation management. First, we develop a spatially explicit IBM to simulate the long-term response of the annual plant Thlaspi perfoliatum (Brassicaceae), claspleaf pennycress, to different management schemes (annual mowing vs. infrequent rototilling) based on field experiments. In order to complement the simulation results by further analyses, we aggregate the IBM to a spatially nonexplicit deterministic matrix population model. Within the periodic environment created by management regimes, population dynamics are described by periodic products of annual transition matrices. Such periodic matrix products provide a very conclusive framework to study the responses of species to different management return intervals. Thus, using tools of matrix model analysis (e.g., loop analysis), we can both identify dormancy within the age-structured seed bank as the pivotal strategy for persistence under cyclic disturbance regimes and reveal crucial thresholds in some less certain parameters. Results of matrix model analyses are therefore successfully tested by comparing their results to the respective IBM simulations. Their implications for an enhanced scientific basis for management decisions are discussed as well as some general benefits and limitations of the use of aggregating modeling approaches in conservation.
Two sesquiterpenes, corymbolone and mustakone, isolated from the chloroform extract of the rhizomes of Cyperus articulatus, exhibited significant anti-plasmodial properties. Mustakone was approximately ten times more active than corymbolone against the sensitive strains of the Plasmodium falciparum.
The first application of a pnCCD detector for X-ray scattering experiments using white synchrotron radiation at BESSY II is presented. A Cd arachidate multilayer was investigated in reflection geometry within the energy range 7 keV < E < 35 keV. At fixed angle of incidence the two-dimensional diffraction pattern containing several multilayer Bragg peaks and respective diffuse-resonant Bragg sheets were observed. Since every pixel of the detector is able to determine the energy of every incoming photon with a resolution Delta E/E similar or equal to 10(-2). a three-dimensional dataset is finally obtained. In order to achieve this energy resolution the detector was operated in the so-called single-photon- counting mode. A full dataset was evaluated taking into account all photons recorded within 10(5) detector frames at a readout rate of 200 Hz. By representing the data in reciprocal-space coordinates, it becomes obvious that this experiment with the pnCCD detector provides the same information as that obtained by combining a large number of monochromatic scattering experiments using conventional area detectors.
Modelling and empirical studies have shown that input from the regional seed pool is essential to maintain local species diversity. However, most of these studies have concentrated on simplified, if not neutral, model systems, and focus on a limited subset of species or on aggregated measures of diversity only (e.g., species richness or Shannon diversity). Thus they ignore more complex species interactions and important differences between species. To gain a better understanding of how seed immigration affects community structure at the local scale in real communities we conducted computer simulation experiments based on plant functional types (PFTs) for a species-rich, fire-prone Mediterranean-type shrubland in Western Australia. We developed a spatially explicit simulation model to explore the community dynamics of 38 PFTs, defined by seven traits - regeneration mode, seed production, seed size, maximum crown diameter, drought tolerance, dispersal mode and seed bank type - representing 78 woody species. Model parameterisation is based on published and unpublished data on the population dynamics of shrub species collected over 18 years. Simulation experiments are based on two contrasting seed immigration scenarios: (1) the 'equal seed input number' scenario, where the number of immigrant seeds is the same for all PFTs, and (2) the 'equal seed input mass' scenario, where the cumulative mass of migrating seeds is the same for all PFTs. Both scenarios were systematically tested and compared for different overall seed input values. Without immigration the local community drifts towards a state with only 13 coexisting PFTs. With increasing immigration rates in terms of overall mass of seeds the simulated number of coexisting PFTs and Shannon diversity quickly approaches values observed in the field. The equal seed mass scenario resulted in a more diverse community than did the seed number scenario. The model successfully approximates the frequency distributions (relative densities) of all individual plant traits except seed size for scenarios associated with equal seed input mass and high immigration rate. However, no scenario satisfactorily approximated the frequency distribution for all traits in combination. Our results show that regional seed input can explain the more aggregated measures of local community structure, and some, but not all, aspects of community composition. This points to the possible importance of other (untested) processes and traits (e.g., dispersal vectors) operating at the local scale. Our modelling framework can readily allow new factors to be systematically investigated, which is a major advantage compared to previous simulation studies, as it allows us to find structurally realistic models, which can address questions pertinent to ecological theory and to conservation management.
Assessing the risk of gene flow from genetically modified trees carrying mitigation transgenes
(2008)
Die Autorin dieses Bandes analysiert das literarische Werk Daniele Del Giudices in seinem Facettenreichtum. Das Werk spiegelt sowohl die Vielseitigkeit der Biographie des Autors als auch sein ausgreifendes Interesse an den Erkenntnismöglichkeiten und Erkenntnisfähigkeiten des Menschen. Die Romane und Erzählungen stehen im Horizont eines umfassenden sowohl theoretischen als auch auf praktischer Erfahrung beruhenden und an neuesten Erkenntnissen orientierten Wissens, das die Welten der Philosophie, der Kunst und der Literatur mit denen der Technik und der Naturwissenschaften vereint. Gleichzeitig verschafft Del Giudices literarisches Werk, in dem die Autoritäten des italienischen Literaturbetriebs von Dante über Tasso, Foscolo, Leopardi und Montale bis Calvino wichtige Identifikationspole bilden, der auf ihrem Selbstbewusstsein begründeten italienischen Kulturtradition den Anschluss an die postavantgardistische Literatur seit den 1980er Jahren. Del Giudices Werk ist vielfältig in der europäischen Geisteswelt vernetzt und von wegweisenden philosophischen und literarischen Konzepten des 20. Jahrhunderts inspiriert.
Nella sua molteplicità l'opera letteraria di Daniele Del Giudice (nato a Roma nel 1949) analizzata nel presente volume rispecchia tanto la poliedricità della sua biografia quanto il grande interesse di quest'Autore per le possibilità e le capacità conoscitive dell'uomo. Sullo sfondo dei suoi romanzi e racconti vi è una vasta conoscenza non solo teorica ma anche basata su esperienze pratiche e sempre intesa ad acquisire nuove cognizioni, che unisce in sé i mondi della filosofia, dell'arte e della letteratura con quelli della tecnica e delle scienze naturali. Negli anni Ottanta Del Giudice si è messo alla guida di una nuova letteratura di carattere postavanguardistico, pur allo stesso tempo radicando la sua opera nella tradizione culturale italiana e individuandone alcuni principali poli di identificazione in una serie di autorità da Dante a Calvino, attraverso Tasso, Foscolo, Leopardi e Montale. Inoltre, l'opera di Del Giudice risulta intrecciata in vario modo con il pensiero europeo e animata da pionieristiche concezioni filosofiche e letterarie del Novecento.
Auf dem Weg zu einem Kompetenzmodell für den Sachunterricht : eine vergleichende Zusammenschau
(2008)
August Hermann Francke
(2008)
AWT aktuell : Arbeit, Wirtschaft, Technik ; Ausgabe B für Haupt-/Mittelschulen in Bayern, Bd. 7
(2008)
AWT aktuell : Arbeit, Wirtschaft, Technik ; Ausgabe B für Haupt-/Mittelschulen in Bayern, Bd. 8
(2008)