Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (16)
Author
- Egberts, Kathrin (14)
- Kosack, K. (14)
- Lamanna, G. (14)
- Lohse, T. (14)
- Marcowith, Alexandre (14)
- Maurin, G. (14)
- Moderski, R. (14)
- Moulin, Emmanuel (14)
- Ohm, S. (14)
- Ostrowski, M. (14)
- Quirrenbach, A. (14)
- Reimer, O. (14)
- Renaud, M. (14)
- Rudak, B. (14)
- Sol, H. (14)
- Stawarz, L. (14)
- White, R. (14)
- Wierzcholska, A. (14)
- Zanin, R. (14)
- Zech, Alraune (14)
- de Naurois, M. (14)
- van Eldik, C. (14)
- Aharonian, Felix A. (13)
- Boisson, C. (13)
- Carosi, A. (13)
- Chen, A. (13)
- Dyks, J. (13)
- Fegan, S. (13)
- Fiasson, A. (13)
- Fontaine, G. (13)
- Funk, S. (13)
- Gabici, S. (13)
- Hahn, J. (13)
- Hermann, G. (13)
- Horns, D. (13)
- Jamrozy, M. (13)
- Katz, U. (13)
- Khelifi, B. (13)
- Kluzniak, W. (13)
- Niemiec, J. (13)
- Panter, M. (13)
- Peyaud, B. (13)
- Pita, S. (13)
- Prokoph, H. (13)
- Punch, M. (13)
- Reimer, A. (13)
- Rieger, F. (13)
- Santangelo, Andrea (13)
- Schwanke, U. (13)
- Schwemmer, S. (13)
- Steenkamp, R. (13)
- Terrier, R. (13)
- Tluczykont, M. (13)
- Trichard, C. (13)
- Vasileiadis, G. (13)
- Vincent, P. (13)
- Vink, J. (13)
- Wagner, S. J. (13)
- Zacharias, M. (13)
- Ziegler, A. (13)
- Zorn, J. (13)
- Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (12)
- Arcaro, C. (12)
- Armand, C. (12)
- Backes, M. (12)
- Barnard, M. (12)
- Berge, D. (12)
- Bolmont, J. (12)
- Bregeon, J. (12)
- Brun, F. (12)
- Brun, P. (12)
- Bryan, M. (12)
- Bulik, T. (12)
- Caroff, S. (12)
- Casanova, Sabrina (12)
- Cerruti, M. (12)
- Chandra, S. (12)
- Devin, J. (12)
- Dirson, L. (12)
- Dmytriiev, A. (12)
- Emery, G. (12)
- Gallant, Y. A. (12)
- Giavitto, G. (12)
- Gottschall, D. (12)
- Haupt, M. (12)
- Hofmann, W. (12)
- Hoischen, Clemens (12)
- Holler, M. (12)
- Huber, D. (12)
- Jankowsky, D. (12)
- Kastendieck, M. A. (12)
- Katarzynski, K. (12)
- Khangulyan, D. (12)
- Klepser, S. (12)
- Lemiere, A. (12)
- Lemoine-Goumard, M. (12)
- Malyshev, D. (12)
- Marti-Devesa, G. (12)
- Marx, R. (12)
- Meintjes, P. J. (12)
- Mohamed, M. (12)
- Mohrmann, L. (12)
- Murach, T. (12)
- Ndiyavala, H. (12)
- Niederwanger, F. (12)
- Oakes, L. (12)
- Odaka, H. (12)
- Parsons, R. D. (12)
- Piel, Q. (12)
- Raab, S. (12)
- Rauth, R. (12)
- Rinchiuso, L. (12)
- Romoli, C. (12)
- Rowell, G. (12)
- Ruiz-Velasco, E. (12)
- Sasaki, M. (12)
- Schlickeiser, R. (12)
- Schulz, A. (12)
- Schussler, F. (12)
- Seglar-Arroyo, M. (12)
- Senniappan, M. (12)
- Seyffert, A. S. (12)
- Shafi, N. (12)
- Shiningayamwe, K. (12)
- Simoni, R. (12)
- Sinha, A. (12)
- Specovius, A. (12)
- Spir-Jacob, M. (12)
- Stegmann, Christian (12)
- Takahashi, T. (12)
- Tavernier, T. (12)
- Taylor, A. M. (12)
- Tiziani, D. (12)
- Tsirou, M. (12)
- Tuffs, R. (12)
- Uchiyama, Y. (12)
- Veh, J. (12)
- Venter, C. (12)
- Vuillaume, T. (12)
- Wadiasingh, Z. (12)
- Zywucka, N. (12)
- van Rensburg, C. (12)
- van Soelen, B. (12)
- Abdalla, Hassan E. (11)
- Arakawa, M. (11)
- Becherini, Y. (11)
- Benkhali, F. Ait (11)
- Blackwell, R. (11)
- Bonnefoy, S. (11)
- Bylund, T. (11)
- Colafrancesco, S. (11)
- Davids, I. D. (11)
- Djannati-Atai, A. (11)
- Donath, A. (11)
- Eschbach, S. (11)
- Gate, F. (11)
- Glawion, D. (11)
- Glicenstein, J. F. (11)
- Heinzelmann, G. (11)
- Henri, G. (11)
- Iwasaki, H. (11)
- Jankowsky, F. (11)
- Katsuragawa, M. (11)
- King, J. (11)
- Leser, Eva (11)
- Lopez-Coto, R. (11)
- Mariaud, C. (11)
- Nakashima, S. (11)
- Noel, A. Priyana (11)
- Perennes, C. (11)
- Prokhorov, D. A. (11)
- Puehlhofer, G. (11)
- Saito, S. (11)
- Steppa, Constantin Beverly (11)
- Tsuji, N. (11)
- Voelk, H. J. (11)
- Yang, R. (11)
- Zdziarski, A. A. (11)
- van der Walt, D. J. (11)
- Bernloehr, K. (10)
- Capasso, M. (10)
- Deil, C. (10)
- Kraus, M. (10)
- Lau, J. (10)
- Mitchell, A. M. W. (10)
- Voisin, F. (10)
- Bordas, Pol (9)
- Bottcher, M. (9)
- Jacholkowska, A. (9)
- Petrucci, P-O (9)
- deWilt, P. (9)
- Buechele, M. (8)
- Chakraborty, N. (8)
- Chaves, R. C. G. (8)
- Condon, B. (8)
- Ernenwein, J-P (8)
- Grondin, M-H (8)
- Jouvin, L. (8)
- Jung-Richardt, I (8)
- Komin, Nu (8)
- Lefaucheur, J. (8)
- Lenain, J-P (8)
- Lypova, I (8)
- Marandon, V (8)
- Oya, I (8)
- Poireau, V (8)
- Sahakian, V (8)
- Tjus, J. Becker (8)
- Zaborov, D. (8)
- Arrieta, M. (7)
- Chand, T. (7)
- Doroshenko, V (7)
- Fuessling, M. (7)
- Hinton, James Anthony (7)
- Holch, Tim Lukas (7)
- Moore, C. (7)
- Sanchez, David M. (7)
- Tibaldo, L. (7)
- Wagner, R. M. (7)
- Kerszberg, D. (6)
- Lenain, J. -P. (6)
- Lorentz, M. (6)
- Oya, I. (6)
- Spanier, F. (6)
- Yoneda, H. (6)
- Zefi, F. (6)
- Bernhard, S. (5)
- Feijen, K. (5)
- Hinton, J. A. (5)
- Holch, T. L. (5)
- Kostunin, D. (5)
- Krakau, S. (5)
- Padovani, M. (5)
- Sanchez, D. A. (5)
- Schutte, H. (5)
- Shilon, I (5)
- Tavernet, J-P (5)
- Wilhelmi, E. de Ona (5)
- Ashkar, H. (4)
- Breuhaus, M. (4)
- Curylo, M. (4)
- Ernenwein, J. -P. (4)
- Jung-Richardt, I. (4)
- Komin, Nu. (4)
- Levy, C. (4)
- Lypova, I. (4)
- Mackey, J. (4)
- Majumdar, J. (4)
- Marandon, V. (4)
- Mares, A. (4)
- Martins, V. Barbosa (4)
- Muller, J. (4)
- Poireau, V. (4)
- Remy, Q. (4)
- Sahakian, V. (4)
- Tavernet, J. -P. (4)
- Viana, A. (4)
- Adam, R. (3)
- Armstrong, T. (3)
- Cotter, G. (3)
- Einecke, S. (3)
- Grondin, M. -H. (3)
- Jardin-Blicq, A. (3)
- Kruger, P. P. (3)
- Maxted, N. (3)
- Petrucci, P. -O. (3)
- Shilon, I. (3)
- Woernlein, A. (3)
- Zdziarski, A. (3)
- Antonelli, L. A. (2)
- Barrio, J. A. (2)
- Becherini, Yvonne (2)
- Bernlohr, K. (2)
- Bigongiari, C. (2)
- Biland, A. (2)
- Bissaldi, E. (2)
- Blasi, P. (2)
- Boettcher, M. (2)
- Bonanno, G. (2)
- Bonardi, A. (2)
- Bonnoli, G. (2)
- Brau-Nogue, S. (2)
- Buchele, M. (2)
- Bugaev, V. (2)
- Bulgarelli, A. (2)
- Bulik, Tomasz (2)
- Busetto, G. (2)
- Büchele, M. (2)
- Capalbi, M. (2)
- Chikawa, M. (2)
- Chudoba, J. (2)
- Cohen-Tanugi, J. (2)
- Colafrancesco, Sergio (2)
- Conforti, V. (2)
- Contreras, J. L. (2)
- Cusumano, G. (2)
- Daniel, M. (2)
- Dazzi, F. (2)
- De Angelis, A. (2)
- De Frondat, F. (2)
- De Lotto, B. (2)
- Dei, C. (2)
- Delgado, C. (2)
- Di Pierro, F. (2)
- Diaz, C. (2)
- Doro, M. (2)
- Doroshenko, V. (2)
- Dumas, D. (2)
- Ebr, J. (2)
- Fasola, G. (2)
- Fesquet, M. (2)
- Font, L. (2)
- Fukui, Y. (2)
- Fussling, Matthias (2)
- Füßling, Matthias (2)
- Gadola, A. (2)
- Garrigoux, T. (2)
- Giuliani, A. (2)
- Giunti, L. (2)
- Graciani, R. (2)
- Grandi, P. (2)
- Gunji, S. (2)
- Hara, S. (2)
- Hassan, T. (2)
- Hayashida, M. (2)
- Hinton, J. (2)
- Humensky, T. B. (2)
- Inoue, S. (2)
- Inoue, Y. (2)
- Ioka, K. (2)
- Jung, I. (2)
- Kaaret, P. (2)
- Katagiri, H. (2)
- Kocot, J. (2)
- Kohri, K. (2)
- Komin, N. (2)
- Konno, Y. (2)
- Koyama, S. (2)
- Kreter, M. (2)
- Kushida, J. (2)
- La Palombara, N. (2)
- Lapington, J. (2)
- Laporte, P. (2)
- Lindfors, E. (2)
- Lombardi, S. (2)
- Lopez, M. (2)
- Lopez, R. de los Reyes (2)
- Lucarelli, F. (2)
- Maccarone, M. C. (2)
- Maier, G. (2)
- Malaguti, G. (2)
- Mandat, D. (2)
- Maneva, G. (2)
- Marti, J. (2)
- Martinez, G. (2)
- Martinez, M. (2)
- Meyer, M. (2)
- Mineo, T. (2)
- Mirabal, N. (2)
- Mizuno, T. (2)
- Montaruli, T. (2)
- Mori, K. (2)
- Mukherjee, R. (2)
- Muraishi, H. (2)
- Naito, T. (2)
- Nakajima, D. (2)
- Nakamori, T. (2)
- Nieto, D. (2)
- Nishijima, K. (2)
- Nosek, D. (2)
- Ohishi, M. (2)
- Okumura, A. (2)
- Ong, R. A. (2)
- Orito, R. (2)
- Palatka, M. (2)
- Persic, M. (2)
- Prandini, E. (2)
- Prast, J. (2)
- Prouza, M. (2)
- Ribo, M. (2)
- Rico, J. (2)
- Romano, Patrizia (2)
- Rousselle, J. (2)
- Sailer, S. (2)
- Saito, T. (2)
- Sakaki, N. (2)
- Sarkar, S. (2)
- Sawada, M. (2)
- Schovanek, P. (2)
- Schutte, H. M. (2)
- Shellard, R. C. (2)
- Silk, J. (2)
- Sillanpaa, A. (2)
- Starling, R. (2)
- Szanecki, M. (2)
- Szepieniec, T. (2)
- Tagliaferri, G. (2)
- Tajima, H. (2)
- Tanaka, M. (2)
- Tanaka, S. (2)
- Tejedor, L. A. (2)
- Telezhinsky, Igor O. (2)
- Temnikov, P. (2)
- Terada, Y. (2)
- Teshima, M. (2)
- Testa, V. (2)
- Tokanai, F. (2)
- Torres, D. F. (2)
- Tosti, G. (2)
- Travnicek, P. (2)
- Trifoglio, M. (2)
- Vallania, P. (2)
- Vassiliev, V. (2)
- Vergani, S. (2)
- Vorobiov, S. (2)
- Wagner, P. (2)
- Wagner, R. (2)
- Wakely, S. P. (2)
- Walter, R. (2)
- Weinstein, A. (2)
- Williams, D. A. (2)
- Wischnewski, R. (2)
- Yamamoto, H. (2)
- Yamamoto, T. (2)
- Yanagita, S. (2)
- Yoshida, T. (2)
- Yoshikoshi, T. (2)
- van Driel, W. (2)
- Abdalla, H. (1)
- Acero, F. (1)
- Acharya, B. S. (1)
- Actis, M. (1)
- Aghajani, T. (1)
- Agnetta, G. (1)
- Aguilar, J. (1)
- Ait Benkhali, Faical (1)
- Ajello, M. (1)
- Akhperjanian, A. G. (1)
- Albuquerque, I. F. M. (1)
- Alcubierre, M. (1)
- Aleksic, J. (1)
- Alfaro, R. (1)
- Aliu, E. (1)
- Allafort, A. J. (1)
- Allan, D. (1)
- Allekotte, I. (1)
- Aloisio, R. (1)
- Amans, J. (1)
- Amato, E. (1)
- Amato, Elena (1)
- Anderson, J. (1)
- Anguener, E. O. (1)
- Antoranz, P. (1)
- Aramo, C. (1)
- Aravantinos, A. (1)
- Arlen, T. (1)
- Arnaldi, H. (1)
- Arqueros, F. (1)
- Arrabito, L. (1)
- Arribas, M. Paz (1)
- Asano, K. (1)
- Asano, Katsuaki (1)
- Ashley, M. (1)
- Ashton, T. (1)
- Asorey, H. G. (1)
- Awane, Y. (1)
- Axelsson, M. (1)
- Baba, H. (1)
- Babic, A. (1)
- Baby, N. (1)
- Backes, Michael (1)
- Baehr, J. (1)
- Baghmanyan, V. (1)
- Bais, A. (1)
- Baixeras, C. (1)
- Bajtlik, S. (1)
- Balazs, C. (1)
- Balbo, M. (1)
- Balis, D. (1)
- Balkowski, C. (1)
- Balzer, A. (1)
- Bamba, A. (1)
- Bamba, Aya (1)
- Bandiera, R. (1)
- Barber, A. (1)
- Barbier, C. (1)
- Barcelo, M. (1)
- Barkov, Maxim (1)
- Barnacka, A. (1)
- Barnacka, Anna (1)
- Barnstedt, Jürgen (1)
- Barres de Almeida, U. (1)
- Basili, A. (1)
- Basso, S. (1)
- Bastieri, D. (1)
- Bauer, C. (1)
- Baushev, Anton N. (1)
- Becerra Gonzalez, J. (1)
- Bechtol, K. C. (1)
- Beckmann, Volker (1)
- Bednarek, W. (1)
- Behera, B. (1)
- Belluso, M. (1)
- Benbow, W. (1)
- Benbow, Wystan (1)
- Berdugo, J. (1)
- Berger, K. (1)
- Bernard, F. (1)
- Bernardino, T. (1)
- Bernlöhr, K. (1)
- Bernlöhr, Konrad (1)
- Beshley, V. (1)
- Bhat, N. (1)
- Bhattacharyya, S. (1)
- Bi, B. (1)
- Bilinsky, A. (1)
- Billotta, S. (1)
- Bird, T. (1)
- Birsin, E. (1)
- Bissaldi, Elisabetta (1)
- Biteau, J. (1)
- Biteau, Jonathan (1)
- Bitossi, M. (1)
- Blake, S. (1)
- Blanch Bigas, O. (1)
- Blanch, O. (1)
- Blazek, J. (1)
- Bobkov, A. A. (1)
- Boccone, V. (1)
- Boettcher, Markus (1)
- Bogacz, L. (1)
- Bogart, J. (1)
- Bogdan, M. (1)
- Boisson, Catherine (1)
- Boix Gargallo, J. (1)
- Bolmont, Julien (1)
- Bonavolonta, C. (1)
- Bonev, T. (1)
- Bonifacio, P. (1)
- Borgland, A. W. (1)
- Borkowski, Janett (1)
- Bose, R. (1)
- Botner, O. (1)
- Bottani, A. (1)
- Bouchet, L. (1)
- Bourgeat, M. (1)
- Boutonnet, C. (1)
- Bouvier, A. (1)
- Braiding, C. (1)
- Braun, I. (1)
- Bretz, T. (1)
- Briggs, M. S. (1)
- Bringmann, T. (1)
- Brook, P. (1)
- Brown, A. M. (1)
- Brun, Pierre (1)
- Brunetti, L. (1)
- Buanes, T. (1)
- Buckley, J. H. (1)
- Buehler, R. (1)
- Burton, Michael (1)
- Burtovoi, A. (1)
- Buson, S. (1)
- Bylund, Tomas (1)
- Byrum, K. (1)
- Böttcher, M. (1)
- Böttcher, Markus (1)
- Cailles, M. (1)
- Calome, J. (1)
- Cameron, R. (1)
- Cameron, R. A. (1)
- Camprecios, J. (1)
- Canestrari, R. (1)
- Cantu, S. (1)
- Capasso, Massimo (1)
- Caproni, Anderson (1)
- Caraveo, P. (1)
- Caraveo, P. A. (1)
- Carmona, E. (1)
- Carniel, Roberto (1)
- Carosi, R. (1)
- Carr, John (1)
- Carton, P. H. (1)
- Cascone, E. (1)
- Casiraghi, M. (1)
- Catalano, O. (1)
- Cavazzani, S. (1)
- Cazaux, S. (1)
- Cerruti, Matteo (1)
- Chabanne, E. (1)
- Chadwick, Paula M. (1)
- Chakraborty, Nachiketa (1)
- Champion, C. (1)
- Chaty, Sylvain (1)
- Chen, Andrew (1)
- Chen, X. (1)
- Chernyakova, M. (1)
- Chiang, J. (1)
- Chiappetti, L. (1)
- Chitnis, V. R. (1)
- Chollet, F. (1)
- Cieslar, M. (1)
- Cillis, A. N. (1)
- Cirelli, M. (1)
- Colin, P. (1)
- Colonges, S. (1)
- Compin, M. (1)
- Conconi, P. (1)
- Connaughton, V. (1)
- Conrad, Jan (1)
- Coppi, P. (1)
- Corona, P. (1)
- Corti, D. (1)
- Cortina, J. (1)
- Cossio, L. (1)
- Costa, A. (1)
- Costantini, H. (1)
- Courty, B. (1)
- Couturier, S. (1)
- Covino, S. (1)
- Covino, Stefano (1)
- Covone, G. (1)
- Crimi, G. (1)
- Criswell, S. J. (1)
- Croston, J. (1)
- Cumani, P. (1)
- D. Hongn, Fernando (1)
- Dafonseca, M. (1)
- Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia (1)
- Dale, O. (1)
- Darling, J. (1)
- Davids, I. (1)
- Davids, Isak (1)
- Davies, J. (1)
- De Caprio, V. (1)
- De Cesare, G. (1)
- De Franco, A. (1)
- De La Vega, G. A. (1)
- De Lisio, C. (1)
- De Luca, A. (1)
- De Palma, F. (1)
- DeWilt, P. (1)
- Decerprit, G. (1)
- Decock, G. (1)
- Deil, Christoph (1)
- Del Santo, M. (1)
- Delagnes, E. (1)
- Deleglise, G. (1)
- Della Volpe, D. (1)
- Demange, P. (1)
- Depaola, G. (1)
- Dettlaff, A. (1)
- Di Girolamo, T. (1)
- Di Giulio, C. (1)
- Di Paola, A. (1)
- Di Venere, L. (1)
- Dick, J. (1)
- Dickherber, R. (1)
- Dickinson, H. (1)
- Diez-Blanco, V. (1)
- Digel, S. (1)
- Dimitrov, D. (1)
- Disset, G. (1)
- Djannati-Ata, A. (1)
- Djannati-Ataï, A. (1)
- Doert, M. (1)
- Dohmke, M. (1)
- Domainko, W. (1)
- Donat, A. (1)
- Donath, Axel (1)
- Dorner, D. (1)
- Doroshenko, Victor (1)
- Dournaux, J-L. (1)
- Dournaux, J. (1)
- Drake, G. (1)
- Dravins, D. (1)
- Drury, L. (1)
- Dubois, F. (1)
- Dubois, R. (1)
- Dubus, G. (1)
- Duffy, C. (1)
- Dufour, C. (1)
- Dumm, J. (1)
- Durand, D. (1)
- Dwarkadas, Vikram V. (1)
- Dyrda, M. (1)
- Edy, E. (1)
- Eger, P. (1)
- Eichhorn, F. (1)
- Eisenacher Glawion, Dorit (1)
- Eleftheriadis, C. (1)
- Elles, S. (1)
- Elsaesser, D. (1)
- Emmanoulopoulos, D. (1)
- Engelhaupt, D. (1)
- Enomoto, R. (1)
- Ernenwein, J-p (1)
- Errando, M. (1)
- Eschbach, Stefan (1)
- Etchegoyen, A. (1)
- Evans, P. (1)
- Falceta-Goncalves, D. (1)
- Falcone, A. (1)
- Fantinel, D. (1)
- Farakos, K. (1)
- Farnier, C. (1)
- Favill, B. (1)
- Fede, E. (1)
- Federici, S. (1)
- Fedorova, E. (1)
- Feinstein, F. (1)
- Ferenc, D. (1)
- Fernandez, G. Rodriguez (1)
- Fernandez-Barral, A. (1)
- Ferrand, Gilles (1)
- Ferrando, P. (1)
- Fiandrini, E. (1)
- Fiasson, Armand (1)
- Filipovic, Miroslav D. (1)
- Fillin-Martino, E. (1)
- Fink, D. (1)
- Finley, C. (1)
- Finley, J. P. (1)
- Fioretti, V. (1)
- Fiorini, M. (1)
- Firpo Curcoll, R. (1)
- Flores, H. (1)
- Florin, D. (1)
- Focke, W. (1)
- Foehr, C. (1)
- Foerster, A. (1)
- Fokitis, E. (1)
- Fontaine, Gilles (1)
- Fornasa, M. (1)
- Forster, A. (1)
- Fortson, L. (1)
- Fouque, N. (1)
- Franckowiak, A. (1)
- Franco, F. J. (1)
- Fransson, C. (1)
- Fraser, G. (1)
- Frei, R. (1)
- Freixas Coromina, L. (1)
- Frenz, M. (1)
- Fresnillo, L. (1)
- Fruck, C. (1)
- Fujita, Y. (1)
- Fujita, Yutaka (1)
- Fukazawa, Y. (1)
- Funk, Sebastian (1)
- Füssling, Matthias (1)
- Gabriele, R. (1)
- Gaebele, W. (1)
- Galante, N. (1)
- Gall, D. (1)
- Gallant, Y. (1)
- Gamez-Garcia, J. (1)
- Garcia Lopez, R. (1)
- Garcia, B. (1)
- Garczarczyk, M. (1)
- Gardiol, D. (1)
- Garrido, D. (1)
- Garrido, L. (1)
- Gascon, D. (1)
- Gaug, M. (1)
- Gaweda, J. (1)
- Gebremedhin, L. (1)
- Geffroy, N. (1)
- Gerard, L. (1)
- Ghedina, A. (1)
- Ghigo, M. (1)
- Giannakaki, E. (1)
- Gianotti, F. (1)
- Giarrusso, S. (1)
- Giavitto, Gianluca (1)
- Giebels, B. (1)
- Giglietto, N. (1)
- Gika, V. (1)
- Giommi, P. (1)
- Giordano, F. (1)
- Girard, N. (1)
- Giro, E. (1)
- Glanzman, T. (1)
- Glicenstein, J. (1)
- Glicenstein, J. -F. (1)
- Glicenstein, Jean-François (1)
- Gnatyk, R. (1)
- Godinovic, N. (1)
- Goldoni, P. (1)
- Golev, V. (1)
- Gomez Berisso, M. (1)
- Gomez-Ortega, J. (1)
- Gonzalez Munoz, A. (1)
- Gonzalez, A. (1)
- Gonzalez, F. (1)
- Gonzalez, M. M. (1)
- Gothe, K. S. (1)
- Gougerot, M. (1)
- Grabarczyk, T. (1)
- Graham, J. (1)
- Granena, F. (1)
- Granot, J. (1)
- Granot, Jonathan (1)
- Grasseau, G. (1)
- Gredig, R. (1)
- Green, A. (1)
- Green, A. J. (1)
- Greenshaw, T. (1)
- Gregoire, T. (1)
- Griffiths, S. (1)
- Grimm, O. (1)
- Grondin, Marie-Hélène (1)
- Grosse, Pablo (1)
- Grube, J. (1)
- Grudzinska, M. (1)
- Gruenewald, S. (1)
- Gruev, V. (1)
- Grygorczuk, J. (1)
- Guarino, V. (1)
- Guzman, Silvina (1)
- Gyuk, G. (1)
- Hadasch, D. (1)
- Hagiwara, R. (1)
- Hakansson, N. (1)
- Hakobyan, H. (1)
- Hallgren, A. (1)
- Hamer Heras, N. (1)
- Hardcastle, M. J. (1)
- Harris, J. (1)
- Hatanaka, K. (1)
- Haubold, T. (1)
- Haupt, A. (1)
- Hayakawa, T. (1)
- Heller, M. (1)
- Heller, R. (1)
- Helo, J. C. (1)
- Henault, F. (1)
- Henri, Gilles (1)
- Hermel, R. (1)
- Herrero, A. (1)
- Hidaka, N. (1)
- Hnatyk, B. (1)
- Hoffmann, D. (1)
- Hofmann, Werner (1)
- Hofverberg, P. (1)
- Holder, J. (1)
- Horandel, J. (1)
- Horbe, M. (1)
- Horville, D. (1)
- Houles, J. (1)
- Hrabovsky, M. (1)
- Hrupec, D. (1)
- Huan, H. (1)
- Huber, B. (1)
- Huet, J. (1)
- Huet, J. -M. (1)
- Huetten, M. (1)
- Hughes, G. (1)
- Huovelin, J. (1)
- Hussein, M. (1)
- Ibarra, A. (1)
- Ikeno, Y. (1)
- Illa, J. M. (1)
- Impiombato, D. (1)
- Inada, T. (1)
- Incorvaia, S. (1)
- Inome, Y. (1)
- Inoue, T. (1)
- Iori, Maurizio (1)
- Ismailova, E. (1)
- Jablonski, C. (1)
- Jacquemier, J. (1)
- Janecek, P. (1)
- Janiak, M. (1)
- Jankowsky, David (1)
- Jankowsky, Felix (1)
- Jean, P. (1)
- Jeanney, C. (1)
- Jimenez, J. J. (1)
- Jogler, T. (1)
- Johnson, T. (1)
- Johnston, S. (1)
- Joshi, V. (1)
- Journet, L. (1)
- Juffroy, C. (1)
- Kabuki, S. (1)
- Kaercher, K. (1)
- Kagaya, M. (1)
- Kakuwa, J. (1)
- Kalkuhl, C. (1)
- Kankanyan, R. (1)
- Karastergiou, A. (1)
- Karczewski, M. (1)
- Karkar, S. (1)
- Kasai, E. (1)
- Kasperek, Aci. (1)
- Kastana, D. (1)
- Kataoka, J. (1)
- Katarzyński, Krzysztof (1)
- Kawanaka, N. (1)
- Kellner-Leidel, B. (1)
- Kelly, H. (1)
- Kendziorra, E. (1)
- Kerr, M. (1)
- Kieda, D. B. (1)
- Kifune, T. (1)
- Kihm, T. (1)
- Kimeswenger, S. (1)
- Kimura, Shigeo S. (1)
- Kishimoto, T. (1)
- Kitamoto, K. (1)
- Knapic, C. (1)
- Knapp, J. w (1)
- Knodlseder, J. (1)
- Knoedlseder, J. (1)
- Koch, B. (1)
- Kodani, K. (1)
- Koeck, F. (1)
- Koehne, J. -H. (1)
- Koeppel, H. (1)
- Kokkotas, K. (1)
- Kolitzus, D. (1)
- Kominis, I. (1)
- Konno, R. (1)
- Korohoda, P. (1)
- Koss, G. (1)
- Kossakowski, R. (1)
- Kostka, P. (1)
- Koul, R. (1)
- Kowal, G. (1)
- Koziol, J. (1)
- Kraehenbuehl, T. (1)
- Kraus, Michaela (1)
- Krause, J. (1)
- Krawzcynski, H. (1)
- Krennrich, F. (1)
- Krepps, A. (1)
- Kretzschmann, A. (1)
- Krobot, R. (1)
- Krueger, P. (1)
- Kruger, R. R. (1)
- Krüger, P. P. (1)
- Krüger, Y. (1)
- Kubo, H. (1)
- Kubo, Hidetoshi (1)
- Kudryavtsev, V. A. (1)
- Kuznetsov, A. (1)
- La Barbera, A. (1)
- La Parola, V. (1)
- La Rosa, G. (1)
- Lacombe, K. (1)
- Lalik, K. (1)
- Lande, J. (1)
- Landt, H. (1)
- Languignon, D. (1)
- Lavalley, C. (1)
- Le Flour, T. (1)
- Le Padellec, A. (1)
- Lee, S. (1)
- Lee, S. -H. (1)
- Lee, W. H. (1)
- Lees, J. (1)
- Lees, S. Rosier (1)
- Leigui de Oliveira, M. A. (1)
- Lelas, D. (1)
- Leopold, D. J. (1)
- Lerch, T. (1)
- Lessio, L. (1)
- Leto, Giuseppe (1)
- Lieunard, B. (1)
- Liolios, A. (1)
- Lipniacka, A. (1)
- Lockart, H. (1)
- Longo, F. (1)
- Lopatin, A. (1)
- Lopez, R. Garcia (1)
- Lopez-Oramas, A. (1)
- Lorca, A. (1)
- Lorenz, E. (1)
- Lubinski, P. (1)
- Ludwin, J. (1)
- Luedecke, H. (1)
- Luque-Escamilla, P. L. (1)
- Luque-Escamilla, Pedro Luis (1)
- Lustermann, W. (1)
- Luz, O. (1)
- Lyard, E. (1)
- Maccarone, T. J. (1)
- Madejski, G. M. (1)
- Madhavan, A. (1)
- Mahabir, M. (1)
- Majumdar, P. (1)
- Maltezos, S. (1)
- Manalaysay, A. (1)
- Mancilla, A. (1)
- Mangano, A. (1)
- Mangano, S. (1)
- Manigot, P. (1)
- Mannheim, K. (1)
- Manthos, I. (1)
- Maragos, N. (1)
- Marchegiani, P. (1)
- Mariotti, M. (1)
- Marisaldi, M. (1)
- Markoff, S. (1)
- Marszalek, A. (1)
- Martens, C. (1)
- Marti, D. (1)
- Marti, Joan (1)
- Martin, J-M. (1)
- Martin, P. (1)
- Martinez, F. (1)
- Masserot, A. (1)
- Mastichiadis, A. (1)
- Masuda, S. (1)
- Mathieu, A. (1)
- Matsumoto, H. (1)
- Mattana, F. (1)
- Mattiazzo, S. (1)
- Maxfield, S. (1)
- Maya, J. (1)
- Mazin, D. (1)
- Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene (1)
- Mc Comb, L. (1)
- McCubbin, N. (1)
- McHardy, I. (1)
- McKay, R. (1)
- Medina, C. (1)
- Melioli, C. (1)
- Melioli, Claudio (1)
- Melkumyan, D. (1)
- Mereghetti, S. (1)
- Mertsch, P. (1)
- Meucci, M. (1)
- Mezek, G. Kukec (1)
- Michalowski, J. (1)
- Micolon, P. (1)
- Mihailidis, A. (1)
- Minuti, M. (1)
- Mirabel, F. (1)
- Miranda, J. M. (1)
- Mirzoyan, R. (1)
- Mitche, A. M. W. (1)
- Mitchell, A. (1)
- Moal, B. (1)
- Mognet, I. (1)
- Mohammed, M. (1)
- Molinari, E. (1)
- Molinaro, M. (1)
- Montanari, A. (1)
- Monteiro, I. (1)
- Montero-Lopez, Carolina (1)
- Moore, P. (1)
- Moralejo Olaizola, A. (1)
- Moralejo, A. (1)
- Mordalska, M. (1)
- Morello, C. (1)
- Morlino, G. (1)
- Morris, P. (1)
- Morselli, A. (1)
- Mottez, F. (1)
- Moudden, Y. (1)
- Mrusek, I. (1)
- Munar-Adrover, P. (1)
- Mundell, C. (1)
- Murase, K. (1)
- Murase, Kohta (1)
- Murphy, A. (1)
- Muruaga, Claudia (1)
- Nagataki, S. (1)
- Nagataki, Shigehiro (1)
- Nagayoshi, T. (1)
- Nakashima, K. (1)
- Nakayama, K. (1)
- Naumann, C. L. (1)
- Naumann, D. (1)
- Naumann-Godo, M. (1)
- Nayerhoda, A. (1)
- Nayman, P. (1)
- Nedbal, D. (1)
- Neise, D. (1)
- Nellen, L. (1)
- Nemmen, R. (1)
- Neri, Marco (1)
- Neustroev, V. (1)
- Neyroud, N. (1)
- Nicastro, L. (1)
- Nicolau-Kuklinski, J. (1)
- Niedzwiecki, A. (1)
- Niemiec, Jacek (1)
- Nievas-Rosillo, M. (1)
- Nikolaidis, A. (1)
- Nikolajuk, M. (1)
- Noda, K. (1)
- Nogues, L. (1)
- Nolan, S. (1)
- Northrop, R. (1)
- Novosyadlyj, B. (1)
- Nowak, N. (1)
- Nozaki, S. (1)
- Nozato, A. (1)
- O'Brien, P. (1)
- O'Brien, Patrick (1)
- Ohira, Y. (1)
- Ohira, Yutaka (1)
- Ohoka, H. (1)
- Okuda, T. (1)
- Olive, J. -F. (1)
- Olivera-Nieto, L. (1)
- Orlati, A. (1)
- Orr, M. (1)
- Osborne, J. (1)
- Otero, L. A. (1)
- Otte, N. (1)
- Ovcharov, E. (1)
- Ozieblo, A. (1)
- Padilla, L. (1)
- Padovani, Marco (1)
- Paiano, S. (1)
- Paillot, D. (1)
- Paizis, A. (1)
- Palacio, J. (1)
- Palanque, S. (1)
- Pallota, J. (1)
- Panagiotidis, K. (1)
- Panazol, J. -L. (1)
- Panci, P. (1)
- Paneque, D. (1)
- Panny, S. (1)
- Paoletti, R. (1)
- Papayannis, Alexandros (1)
- Papyan, G. (1)
- Paredes, J. M. (1)
- Paredes, Josep M. (1)
- Pareschi, G. (1)
- Parks, G. (1)
- Parraud, J. -M. (1)
- Parsons, D. (1)
- Pavy, S. (1)
- Pech, M. (1)
- Pedaletti, G. (1)
- Pelassa, V. (1)
- Pelat, D. (1)
- Perez, M. D. C. (1)
- Peron, G. (1)
- Petrinovic, Ivan A. (1)
- Petrucci, P. (1)
- Petruk, Oleh (1)
- Pichel, A. (1)
- Pisarski, A. (1)
- Pizzolato, F. (1)
- Platos, L. (1)
- Platzer, R. (1)
- Pogosyan, L. (1)
- Pohl, M. (1)
- Pohl, Martin (1)
- Pojmanski, G. (1)
- Ponz, J. D. (1)
- Porcelli, A. (1)
- Potter, W. (1)
- Poutanen, J. (1)
- Preece, R. (1)
- Prester, Dijana Dominis (1)
- Principe, G. (1)
- Priyana Noel, A. (1)
- Profeti, F. (1)
- Prokhorov, D. (1)
- Proyetti, M. (1)
- Puelhofer, G. (1)
- Puerto-Gimenez, I. (1)
- Pueschel, Elisa (1)
- Puhlhofer, G. (1)
- Puljak, I. (1)
- Pyziol, R. (1)
- Pühlhofer, G. (1)
- Qiu, C. (1)
- Quel, E. J. (1)
- Quinn, J. (1)
- Racero, E. (1)
- Rajda, P. J. (1)
- Rameez, M. (1)
- Ramon, P. (1)
- Rando, R. (1)
- Rannot, R. C. (1)
- Rataj, M. (1)
- Raue, M. (1)
- Reardon, P. (1)
- Reichherzer, P. (1)
- Reimann, O. (1)
- Reitberger, K. (1)
- Renner, S. (1)
- Reville, B. (1)
- Rhode, W. (1)
- Ribordy, M. (1)
- Richer, M. G. (1)
- Ricka, J. (1)
- Ridky, J. (1)
- Ringegni, P. (1)
- Ripken, J. (1)
- Ristori, P. R. (1)
- Riviere, A. (1)
- Rivoire, S. (1)
- Rizi, V. (1)
- Rob, L. (1)
- Roberts, O. J. (1)
- Rodriguez Vazquez, J. J. (1)
- Rodriguez, J. (1)
- Roeser, U. (1)
- Rohlfs, R. (1)
- Rojas, G. (1)
- Romaszkan, W. (1)
- Romeo, G. (1)
- Romero, G. E. (1)
- Rosado, J. (1)
- Rosen, S. (1)
- Ross, D. (1)
- Rouaix, G. (1)
- Rousselle, S. (1)
- Rovero, A. C. (1)
- Rowel, G. (1)
- Roy, F. (1)
- Royer, S. (1)
- Rulten, C. (1)
- Rupinski, M. (1)
- Russo, F. (1)
- Ryde, F. (1)
- Sacco, B. (1)
- Sadeh, I. (1)
- Saemann, E. O. (1)
- Safi-Harb, S. (1)
- Safiakian, V. (1)
- Saggion, A. (1)
- Saito, K. (1)
- Saito, Y. (1)
- Sakonaka, R. (1)
- Sala, F. (1)
- Salini, A. (1)
- Sanchez, D. (1)
- Sanchez, F. (1)
- Sanchez-Conde, M. (1)
- Sandaker, H. (1)
- Sandoval, A. (1)
- Sangiorgi, P. (1)
- Sano, H. (1)
- Sant'Ambrogio, E. (1)
- Santander, M. (1)
- Santos, E. M. (1)
- Sanuy, A. (1)
- Sapozhnikov, L. (1)
- Sartore, N. (1)
- Sasaki, H. (1)
- Satalecka, K. (1)
- Scalici, M. (1)
- Scalzotto, V. (1)
- Scapin, V. (1)
- Scarcioffolo, M. (1)
- Schafer, J. (1)
- Schanz, T. (1)
- Schildgen, Taylor F. (1)
- Schioppa, E. J. (1)
- Schlenstedt, S. (1)
- Schmidt, T. (1)
- Schmoll, J. (1)
- Schoorlemmer, H. (1)
- Schroedter, M. (1)
- Schultz, C. (1)
- Schultze, J. (1)
- Schure, K. (1)
- Schwab, T. (1)
- Schwarz, J. (1)
- Schwarzburg, S. (1)
- Schweizer, T. (1)
- Schüssler, F. (1)
- Segreto, A. (1)
- Seiradakis, J. -H. (1)
- Sembroski, G. H. (1)
- Sergijenko, O. (1)
- Servillat, M. (1)
- Seweryn, K. (1)
- Shalchi, A. (1)
- Shannon, R. M. (1)
- Sharma, M. (1)
- Shayduk, M. (1)
- Shi, J. (1)
- Shibata, T. (1)
- Shibuya, A. (1)
- Shum, E. (1)
- Sidoli, L. (1)
- Sidz, M. (1)
- Sieiro, J. (1)
- Siejkowski, H. (1)
- Sikora, M. (1)
- Simone, D. (1)
- Singh, B. B. (1)
- Sitarek, J. (1)
- Skole, C. (1)
- Sliusar, V. (1)
- Smareglia, R. (1)
- Smith, A. (1)
- Smith, D. (1)
- Smith, J. (1)
- Smith, N. (1)
- Sobczynska, D. (1)
- Sottile, G. (1)
- Sowinski, M. (1)
- Spencer, S. (1)
- Spiga, D. (1)
- Spyrou, S. (1)
- Stamatescu, V. (1)
- Stamerra, A. (1)
- Stanic, S. (1)
- Stefanik, S. (1)
- Stegmann, C. (1)
- Steiner, S. (1)
- Steinmassl, S. (1)
- Stephan, M. (1)
- Steppa, C. (1)
- Stergioulas, N. (1)
- Sternberger, R. (1)
- Sterzel, M. (1)
- Stinzing, F. (1)
- Stodulski, M. (1)
- Stolarczyk, T. (1)
- Straumann, U. (1)
- Strazzeri, E. (1)
- Strecker, Manfred (1)
- Stringhetti, L. (1)
- Suarez, A. (1)
- Suchenek, M. (1)
- Sudo, Masafumi (1)
- Sugawara, R. (1)
- Sulanke, K. -H. (1)
- Sun, L. (1)
- Sun, S. (1)
- Supanitsky, A. D. (1)
- Suric, T. (1)
- Sushch, I (1)
- Sushch, Iurii (1)
- Sutcliffe, P. (1)
- Sykes, J. (1)
- Szostek, A. (1)
- Takahashi, H. (1)
- Takahashi, K. (1)
- Takahashi, M. (1)
- Takalo, L. (1)
- Takami, H. (1)
- Takeda, J. (1)
- Talbot, C. (1)
- Tammi, J. (1)
- Taoso, M. (1)
- Tasan, J. (1)
- Tavani, M. (1)
- Tenzer, C. (1)
- Tescaro, D. (1)
- Tezier, D. (1)
- Thoudam, S. (1)
- Thuermann, D. (1)
- Tibaldo, Luigi (1)
- Tibolla, O. (1)
- Tiengo, A. (1)
- Todero Peixoto, C. J. (1)
- Tokarz, M. (1)
- Toma, K. (1)
- Tomankova, L. (1)
- Torii, K. (1)
- Tornikoski, M. (1)
- Torres, M. (1)
- Torresi, E. (1)
- Totani, T. (1)
- Toussenel, C. (1)
- Tovmassian, G. (1)
- Townsley, C. (1)
- Troyano, I. (1)
- Tsinganos, K. (1)
- Tsujimoto, S. (1)
- Ueno, H. (1)
- Umehara, K. (1)
- Upadhya, S. S. (1)
- Usher, T. (1)
- Uslenghi, M. (1)
- Vagelli, V. (1)
- Valdes-Galicia, J. F. (1)
- Vallejo, G. (1)
- Valore, L. (1)
- Vandenbroucke, Justin (1)
- Vandenbrouke, J. (1)
- Vanderwalt, J. (1)
- Vankov, H. (1)
- Vazquez Acosta, M. L. (1)
- Veberic, D. (1)
- Vecchi, M. (1)
- Vegas, I. (1)
- Vercellone, S. (1)
- Vercellone, Stefano (1)
- Veyssiere, C. (1)
- Vialle, J. P. (1)
- Videla, M. (1)
- Vigorito, C. (1)
- Vincent, S. (1)
- Vlahakis, N. (1)
- Vlahos, L. (1)
- Vogler, P. (1)
- Volk, H. J. (1)
- Vollhardt, A. (1)
- Vrastil, M. (1)
- Vuerli, C. (1)
- Waegebaert, V. (1)
- Wagner, R. G. (1)
- Wagner, S. (1)
- Walther, T. (1)
- Ward, J. E. (1)
- Warda, K. (1)
- Warwick, R. (1)
- Watson, J. (1)
- Watson, J. J. (1)
- Wawer, P. (1)
- Wawrzaszek, R. (1)
- Webb, N. (1)
- Wegner, P. (1)
- Weitzel, Q. (1)
- Welsing, R. (1)
- Werner, F. (1)
- Werner, M. (1)
- Wetteskind, H. (1)
- White, M. (1)
- Wiesand, S. (1)
- Wilcox, P. (1)
- Wilke, Max (1)
- Wilkinson, M. (1)
- Willingale, R. (1)
- Winiarski, K. (1)
- Wisniewski, L. (1)
- Wojcik, P. (1)
- Wong, Yu Wun (1)
- Wood, M. (1)
- Xiong, Q. (1)
- Yadav, K. K. (1)
- Yamazaki, R. (1)
- Yamazaki, Ryo (1)
- Yang, L. (1)
- Yebras, J. M. (1)
- Yelos, D. (1)
- Yoshida, A. (1)
- Yoshida, M. (1)
- Yoshiike, S. (1)
- Yusafzai, A. (1)
- Zabalza, V. (1)
- Zacharias, Michael (1)
- Zajczyk, A. (1)
- Zampieri, L. (1)
- Zargaryan, D. (1)
- Zavrtanik, D. (1)
- Zavrtanik, M. (1)
- Zechlin, Hannes (1)
- Zhao, A. (1)
- Zhdanov, V. (1)
- Zhou, X. (1)
- Zhu, S. J. (1)
- Zietara, K. (1)
- Ziolkowski, J. (1)
- Ziolkowski, P. (1)
- Zitelli, V. (1)
- Zouari, S. (1)
- Zurbach, C. (1)
- Zychowski, P. (1)
- de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet (1)
- de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M. (1)
- de Lavergne, M. de Bony (1)
- de Mello Neto, J. R. T. (1)
- de Oliveira, Y. (1)
- de Ona Wilhelmi, E. (1)
- de Palma, F. (1)
- de Souza, V. (1)
- de Wilt, P. (1)
- de la Calle, I. (1)
- della Volpe, D. (1)
- dewilt, P. (1)
- van Der Walt, D. J. (1)
- von Gunten, H. P. (1)
Language
- English (16)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (16)
Keywords
Institute
Introducing the CTA concept
(2013)
Acharya, B. S. ; Actis, M. ; Aghajani, T. ; Agnetta, G. ; Aguilar, J. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Ajello, M. ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Alcubierre, M. ; Aleksic, J. ; Alfaro, R. ; Aliu, E. ; Allafort, A. J. ; Allan, D. ; Allekotte, I. ; Amato, E. ; Anderson, J. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Antoranz, P. ; Aravantinos, A. ; Arlen, T. ; Armstrong, T. ; Arnaldi, H. ; Arrabito, L. ; Asano, K. ; Ashton, T. ; Asorey, H. G. ; Awane, Y. ; Baba, H. ; Babic, A. ; Baby, N. ; Baehr, J. ; Bais, A. ; Baixeras, C. ; Bajtlik, S. ; Balbo, M. ; Balis, D. ; Balkowski, C. ; Bamba, A. ; Bandiera, R. ; Barber, A. ; Barbier, C. ; Barcelo, M. ; Barnacka, Anna ; Barnstedt, Jürgen ; Barres de Almeida, U. ; Barrio, J. A. ; Basili, A. ; Basso, S. ; Bastieri, D. ; Bauer, C. ; Baushev, Anton N. ; Becerra Gonzalez, J. ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Bechtol, K. C. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Beckmann, Volker ; Bednarek, W. ; Behera, B. ; Belluso, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berdugo, J. ; Berger, K. ; Bernard, F. ; Bernardino, T. ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Bhat, N. ; Bhattacharyya, S. ; Bigongiari, C. ; Biland, A. ; Billotta, S. ; Bird, T. ; Birsin, E. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Bitossi, M. ; Blake, S. ; Blanch Bigas, O. ; Blasi, P. ; Bobkov, A. A. ; Boccone, V. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Bogacz, L. ; Bogart, J. ; Bogdan, M. ; Boisson, Catherine ; Boix Gargallo, J. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonanno, G. ; Bonardi, A. ; Bonev, T. ; Bonifacio, P. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Bordas, Pol ; Borgland, A. W. ; Borkowski, Janett ; Bose, R. ; Botner, O. ; Bottani, A. ; Bouchet, L. ; Bourgeat, M. ; Boutonnet, C. ; Bouvier, A. ; Brau-Nogue, S. ; Braun, I. ; Bretz, T. ; Briggs, M. S. ; Bringmann, T. ; Brook, P. ; Brun, Pierre ; Brunetti, L. ; Buanes, T. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Buehler, R. ; Bugaev, V. ; Bulgarelli, A. ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Busetto, G. ; Buson, S. ; Byrum, K. ; Cailles, M. ; Cameron, R. A. ; Camprecios, J. ; Canestrari, R. ; Cantu, S. ; Capalbi, M. ; Caraveo, P. A. ; Carmona, E. ; Carosi, A. ; Carr, John ; Carton, P. H. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Casiraghi, M. ; Catalano, O. ; Cavazzani, S. ; Cazaux, S. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chabanne, E. ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Champion, C. ; Chen, Andrew ; Chiang, J. ; Chiappetti, L. ; Chikawa, M. ; Chitnis, V. R. ; Chollet, F. ; Chudoba, J. ; Cieslar, M. ; Cillis, A. N. ; Cohen-Tanugi, J. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Colin, P. ; Calome, J. ; Colonges, S. ; Compin, M. ; Conconi, P. ; Conforti, V. ; Connaughton, V. ; Conrad, Jan ; Contreras, J. L. ; Coppi, P. ; Corona, P. ; Corti, D. ; Cortina, J. ; Cossio, L. ; Costantini, H. ; Cotter, G. ; Courty, B. ; Couturier, S. ; Covino, S. ; Crimi, G. ; Criswell, S. J. ; Croston, J. ; Cusumano, G. ; Dafonseca, M. ; Dale, O. ; Daniel, M. ; Darling, J. ; Davids, I. ; Dazzi, F. ; De Angelis, A. ; De Caprio, V. ; De Frondat, F. ; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M. ; de la Calle, I. ; De La Vega, G. A. ; Lopez, R. de los Reyes ; De Lotto, B. ; De Luca, A. ; de Mello Neto, J. R. T. ; de Naurois, M. ; de Oliveira, Y. ; de Ona Wilhelmi, E. ; de Souza, V. ; Decerprit, G. ; Decock, G. ; Deil, C. ; Delagnes, E. ; Deleglise, G. ; Delgado, C. ; Della Volpe, D. ; Demange, P. ; Depaola, G. ; Dettlaff, A. ; Di Paola, A. ; Di Pierro, F. ; Diaz, C. ; Dick, J. ; Dickherber, R. ; Dickinson, H. ; Diez-Blanco, V. ; Digel, S. ; Dimitrov, D. ; Disset, G. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Doert, M. ; Dohmke, M. ; Domainko, W. ; Prester, Dijana Dominis ; Donat, A. ; Dorner, D. ; Doro, M. ; Dournaux, J-L. ; Drake, G. ; Dravins, D. ; Drury, L. ; Dubois, F. ; Dubois, R. ; Dubus, G. ; Dufour, C. ; Dumas, D. ; Dumm, J. ; Durand, D. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Ebr, J. ; Edy, E. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Einecke, S. ; Eleftheriadis, C. ; Elles, S. ; Emmanoulopoulos, D. ; Engelhaupt, D. ; Enomoto, R. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Errando, M. ; Etchegoyen, A. ; Evans, P. ; Falcone, A. ; Fantinel, D. ; Farakos, K. ; Farnier, C. ; Fasola, G. ; Favill, B. ; Fede, E. ; Federici, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Ferenc, D. ; Ferrando, P. ; Fesquet, M. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fillin-Martino, E. ; Fink, D. ; Finley, C. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fiorini, M. ; Firpo Curcoll, R. ; Flores, H. ; Florin, D. ; Focke, W. ; Foehr, C. ; Fokitis, E. ; Font, L. ; Fontaine, G. ; Fornasa, M. ; Foerster, A. ; Fortson, L. ; Fouque, N. ; Franckowiak, A. ; Fransson, C. ; Fraser, G. ; Frei, R. ; Albuquerque, I. F. M. ; Fresnillo, L. ; Fruck, C. ; Fujita, Y. ; Fukazawa, Y. ; Fukui, Y. ; Funk, S. ; Gaebele, W. ; Gabici, S. ; Gabriele, R. ; Gadola, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gallant, Y. ; Gamez-Garcia, J. ; Garcia, B. ; Garcia Lopez, R. ; Gardiol, D. ; Garrido, D. ; Garrido, L. ; Gascon, D. ; Gaug, M. ; Gaweda, J. ; Gebremedhin, L. ; Geffroy, N. ; Gerard, L. ; Ghedina, A. ; Ghigo, M. ; Giannakaki, E. ; Gianotti, F. ; Giarrusso, S. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Gika, V. ; Giommi, P. ; Girard, N. ; Giro, E. ; Giuliani, A. ; Glanzman, T. ; Glicenstein, J. -F. ; Godinovic, N. ; Golev, V. ; Gomez Berisso, M. ; Gomez-Ortega, J. ; Gonzalez, M. M. ; Gonzalez, A. ; Gonzalez, F. ; Gonzalez Munoz, A. ; Gothe, K. S. ; Gougerot, M. ; Graciani, R. ; Grandi, P. ; Granena, F. ; Granot, J. ; Grasseau, G. ; Gredig, R. ; Green, A. ; Greenshaw, T. ; Gregoire, T. ; Grimm, O. ; Grube, J. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Gruev, V. ; Gruenewald, S. ; Grygorczuk, J. ; Guarino, V. ; Gunji, S. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hagiwara, R. ; Hahn, J. ; Hakansson, N. ; Hallgren, A. ; Hamer Heras, N. ; Hara, S. ; Hardcastle, M. J. ; Harris, J. ; Hassan, T. ; Hatanaka, K. ; Haubold, T. ; Haupt, A. ; Hayakawa, T. ; Hayashida, M. ; Heller, R. ; Henault, F. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hermel, R. ; Herrero, A. ; Hidaka, N. ; Hinton, J. ; Hoffmann, D. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holder, J. ; Horns, D. ; Horville, D. ; Houles, J. ; Hrabovsky, M. ; Hrupec, D. ; Huan, H. ; Huber, B. ; Huet, J. -M. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Huovelin, J. ; Ibarra, A. ; Illa, J. M. ; Impiombato, D. ; Incorvaia, S. ; Inoue, S. ; Inoue, Y. ; Ioka, K. ; Ismailova, E. ; Jablonski, C. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jean, P. ; Jeanney, C. ; Jimenez, J. J. ; Jogler, T. ; Johnson, T. ; Journet, L. ; Juffroy, C. ; Jung, I. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kabuki, S. ; Kagaya, M. ; Kakuwa, J. ; Kalkuhl, C. ; Kankanyan, R. ; Karastergiou, A. ; Kaercher, K. ; Karczewski, M. ; Karkar, S. ; Kasperek, Aci. ; Kastana, D. ; Katagiri, H. ; Kataoka, J. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kawanaka, N. ; Kellner-Leidel, B. ; Kelly, H. ; Kendziorra, E. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieda, D. B. ; Kifune, T. ; Kihm, T. ; Kishimoto, T. ; Kitamoto, K. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Knapic, C. ; Knapp, J. w ; Knoedlseder, J. ; Koeck, F. ; Kocot, J. ; Kodani, K. ; Koehne, J. -H. ; Kohri, K. ; Kokkotas, K. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, N. ; Kominis, I. ; Konno, Y. ; Koeppel, H. ; Korohoda, P. ; Kosack, K. ; Koss, G. ; Kossakowski, R. ; Kostka, P. ; Koul, R. ; Kowal, G. ; Koyama, S. ; Koziol, J. ; Kraehenbuehl, T. ; Krause, J. ; Krawzcynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Krepps, A. ; Kretzschmann, A. ; Krobot, R. ; Krueger, P. ; Kubo, H. ; Kudryavtsev, V. A. ; Kushida, J. ; Kuznetsov, A. ; La Barbera, A. ; La Palombara, N. ; La Parola, V. ; La Rosa, G. ; Lacombe, K. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lande, J. ; Languignon, D. ; Lapington, J. ; Laporte, P. ; Lavalley, C. ; Le Flour, T. ; Le Padellec, A. ; Lee, S. -H. ; Lee, W. H. ; Leigui de Oliveira, M. A. ; Lelas, D. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leopold, D. J. ; Lerch, T. ; Lessio, L. ; Lieunard, B. ; Lindfors, E. ; Liolios, A. ; Lipniacka, A. ; Lockart, H. ; Lohse, T. ; Lombardi, S. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lopez, M. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lopez-Oramas, A. ; Lorca, A. ; Lorenz, E. ; Lubinski, P. ; Lucarelli, F. ; Luedecke, H. ; Ludwin, J. ; Luque-Escamilla, P. L. ; Lustermann, W. ; Luz, O. ; Lyard, E. ; Maccarone, M. C. ; Maccarone, T. J. ; Madejski, G. M. ; Madhavan, A. ; Mahabir, M. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; Malaguti, G. ; Maltezos, S. ; Manalaysay, A. ; Mancilla, A. ; Mandat, D. ; Maneva, G. ; Mangano, A. ; Manigot, P. ; Mannheim, K. ; Manthos, I. ; Maragos, N. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariotti, M. ; Marisaldi, M. ; Markoff, S. ; Marszalek, A. ; Martens, C. ; Marti, J. ; Martin, J-M. ; Martin, P. ; Martinez, G. ; Martinez, F. ; Martinez, M. ; Masserot, A. ; Mastichiadis, A. ; Mathieu, A. ; Matsumoto, H. ; Mattana, F. ; Mattiazzo, S. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxfield, S. ; Maya, J. ; Mazin, D. ; Mc Comb, L. ; McCubbin, N. ; McHardy, I. ; McKay, R. ; Medina, C. ; Melioli, C. ; Melkumyan, D. ; Mereghetti, S. ; Mertsch, P. ; Meucci, M. ; Michalowski, J. ; Micolon, P. ; Mihailidis, A. ; Mineo, T. ; Minuti, M. ; Mirabal, N. ; Mirabel, F. ; Miranda, J. M. ; Mirzoyan, R. ; Mizuno, T. ; Moal, B. ; Moderski, R. ; Mognet, I. ; Molinari, E. ; Molinaro, M. ; Montaruli, T. ; Monteiro, I. ; Moore, P. ; Moralejo Olaizola, A. ; Mordalska, M. ; Morello, C. ; Mori, K. ; Mottez, F. ; Moudden, Y. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Mrusek, I. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Munar-Adrover, P. ; Muraishi, H. ; Murase, K. ; Murphy, A. ; Nagataki, S. ; Naito, T. ; Nakajima, D. ; Nakamori, T. ; Nakayama, K. ; Naumann, C. L. ; Naumann, D. ; Naumann-Godo, M. ; Nayman, P. ; Nedbal, D. ; Neise, D. ; Nellen, L. ; Neustroev, V. ; Neyroud, N. ; Nicastro, L. ; Nicolau-Kuklinski, J. ; Niedzwiecki, A. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nieto, D. ; Nikolaidis, A. ; Nishijima, K. ; Nolan, S. ; Northrop, R. ; Nosek, D. ; Nowak, N. ; Nozato, A. ; O'Brien, P. ; Ohira, Y. ; Ohishi, M. ; Ohm, S. ; Ohoka, H. ; Okuda, T. ; Okumura, A. ; Olive, J. -F. ; Ong, R. A. ; Orito, R. ; Orr, M. ; Osborne, J. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Otero, L. A. ; Otte, N. ; Ovcharov, E. ; Oya, I. ; Ozieblo, A. ; Padilla, L. ; Paiano, S. ; Paillot, D. ; Paizis, A. ; Palanque, S. ; Palatka, M. ; Pallota, J. ; Panagiotidis, K. ; Panazol, J. -L. ; Paneque, D. ; Panter, M. ; Paoletti, R. ; Papayannis, Alexandros ; Papyan, G. ; Paredes, J. M. ; Pareschi, G. ; Parks, G. ; Parraud, J. -M. ; Parsons, D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pech, M. ; Pedaletti, G. ; Pelassa, V. ; Pelat, D. ; Perez, M. D. C. ; Persic, M. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Pichel, A. ; Pita, S. ; Pizzolato, F. ; Platos, L. ; Platzer, R. ; Pogosyan, L. ; Pohl, M. ; Pojmanski, G. ; Ponz, J. D. ; Potter, W. ; Poutanen, J. ; Prandini, E. ; Prast, J. ; Preece, R. ; Profeti, F. ; Prokoph, H. ; Prouza, M. ; Proyetti, M. ; Puerto-Gimenez, I. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Puljak, I. ; Punch, M. ; Pyziol, R. ; Quel, E. J. ; Quinn, J. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Racero, E. ; Rajda, P. J. ; Ramon, P. ; Rando, R. ; Rannot, R. C. ; Rataj, M. ; Raue, M. ; Reardon, P. ; Reimann, O. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Reitberger, K. ; Renaud, M. ; Renner, S. ; Reville, B. ; Rhode, W. ; Ribo, M. ; Ribordy, M. ; Richer, M. G. ; Rico, J. ; Ridky, J. ; Rieger, F. ; Ringegni, P. ; Ripken, J. ; Ristori, P. R. ; Riviere, A. ; Rivoire, S. ; Rob, L. ; Roeser, U. ; Rohlfs, R. ; Rojas, G. ; Romano, Patrizia ; Romaszkan, W. ; Romero, G. E. ; Rosen, S. ; Lees, S. Rosier ; Ross, D. ; Rouaix, G. ; Rousselle, J. ; Rousselle, S. ; Rovero, A. C. ; Roy, F. ; Royer, S. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. ; Rupinski, M. ; Russo, F. ; Ryde, F. ; Sacco, B. ; Saemann, E. O. ; Saggion, A. ; Safiakian, V. ; Saito, K. ; Saito, T. ; Saito, Y. ; Sakaki, N. ; Sakonaka, R. ; Salini, A. ; Sanchez, F. ; Sanchez-Conde, M. ; Sandoval, A. ; Sandaker, H. ; Sant'Ambrogio, E. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Santos, E. M. ; Sanuy, A. ; Sapozhnikov, L. ; Sarkar, S. ; Sartore, N. ; Sasaki, H. ; Satalecka, K. ; Sawada, M. ; Scalzotto, V. ; Scapin, V. ; Scarcioffolo, M. ; Schafer, J. ; Schanz, T. ; Schlenstedt, S. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schmidt, T. ; Schmoll, J. ; Schovanek, P. ; Schroedter, M. ; Schultz, C. ; Schultze, J. ; Schulz, A. ; Schure, K. ; Schwab, T. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarz, J. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schweizer, T. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Segreto, A. ; Seiradakis, J. -H. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Seweryn, K. ; Sharma, M. ; Shayduk, M. ; Shellard, R. C. ; Shi, J. ; Shibata, T. ; Shibuya, A. ; Shum, E. ; Sidoli, L. ; Sidz, M. ; Sieiro, J. ; Sikora, M. ; Silk, J. ; Sillanpaa, A. ; Singh, B. B. ; Sitarek, J. ; Skole, C. ; Smareglia, R. ; Smith, A. ; Smith, D. ; Smith, J. ; Smith, N. ; Sobczynska, D. ; Sol, H. ; Sottile, G. ; Sowinski, M. ; Spanier, F. ; Spiga, D. ; Spyrou, S. ; Stamatescu, V. ; Stamerra, A. ; Starling, R. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steiner, S. ; Stergioulas, N. ; Sternberger, R. ; Sterzel, M. ; Stinzing, F. ; Stodulski, M. ; Straumann, U. ; Strazzeri, E. ; Stringhetti, L. ; Suarez, A. ; Suchenek, M. ; Sugawara, R. ; Sulanke, K. -H. ; Sun, S. ; Supanitsky, A. D. ; Suric, T. ; Sutcliffe, P. ; Sykes, J. ; Szanecki, M. ; Szepieniec, T. ; Szostek, A. ; Tagliaferri, G. ; Tajima, H. ; Takahashi, H. ; Takahashi, K. ; Takalo, L. ; Takami, H. ; Talbot, C. ; Tammi, J. ; Tanaka, M. ; Tanaka, S. ; Tasan, J. ; Tavani, M. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tejedor, L. A. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Temnikov, P. ; Tenzer, C. ; Terada, Y. ; Terrier, R. ; Teshima, M. ; Testa, V. ; Tezier, D. ; Thuermann, D. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tibolla, O. ; Tiengo, A. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Todero Peixoto, C. J. ; Tokanai, F. ; Tokarz, M. ; Toma, K. ; Torii, K. ; Tornikoski, M. ; Torres, D. F. ; Torres, M. ; Tosti, G. ; Totani, T. ; Toussenel, C. ; Tovmassian, G. ; Travnicek, P. ; Trifoglio, M. ; Troyano, I. ; Tsinganos, K. ; Ueno, H. ; Umehara, K. ; Upadhya, S. S. ; Usher, T. ; Uslenghi, M. ; Valdes-Galicia, J. F. ; Vallania, P. ; Vallejo, G. ; van Driel, W. ; van Eldik, C. ; Vandenbrouke, J. ; Vanderwalt, J. ; Vankov, H. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Vassiliev, V. ; Veberic, D. ; Vegas, I. ; Vercellone, S. ; Vergani, S. ; Veyssiere, C. ; Vialle, J. P. ; Viana, A. ; Videla, M. ; Vincent, P. ; Vincent, S. ; Vink, J. ; Vlahakis, N. ; Vlahos, L. ; Vogler, P. ; Vollhardt, A. ; von Gunten, H. P. ; Vorobiov, S. ; Vuerli, C. ; Waegebaert, V. ; Wagner, R. ; Wagner, R. G. ; Wagner, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Walter, R. ; Walther, T. ; Warda, K. ; Warwick, R. ; Wawer, P. ; Wawrzaszek, R. ; Webb, N. ; Wegner, P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Weitzel, Q. ; Welsing, R. ; Werner, M. ; Wetteskind, H. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Wiesand, S. ; Wilkinson, M. ; Williams, D. A. ; Willingale, R. ; Winiarski, K. ; Wischnewski, R. ; Wisniewski, L. ; Wood, M. ; Woernlein, A. ; Xiong, Q. ; Yadav, K. K. ; Yamamoto, H. ; Yamamoto, T. ; Yamazaki, R. ; Yanagita, S. ; Yebras, J. M. ; Yelos, D. ; Yoshida, A. ; Yoshida, T. ; Yoshikoshi, T. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zhao, A. ; Zhou, X. ; Zietara, K. ; Ziolkowski, J. ; Ziolkowski, P. ; Zitelli, V. ; Zurbach, C. ; Zychowski, P.
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project.
Abdalla, H. ; Adam, R. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Armstrong, T. ; Ashkar, H. ; Backes, M. ; Baghmanyan, V. ; Martins, V. Barbosa ; Barnacka, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Berge, D. ; Bernlohr, K. ; Bi, B. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; de Lavergne, M. de Bony ; Bordas, Pol ; Breuhaus, M. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buchele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chand, T. ; Chandra, S. ; Chen, A. ; Cotter, G. ; Curylo, M. ; Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene ; Davids, I. D. ; Davies, J. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V. ; Duffy, C. ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eichhorn, F. ; Einecke, S. ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Feijen, K. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fussling, Matthias ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giunti, L. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horbe, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jardin-Blicq, A. ; Joshi, V. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kasai, E. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Konno, R. ; Kosack, K. ; Kostunin, D. ; Kreter, M. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Levy, C. ; Lohse, T. ; Lypova, I. ; Mackey, J. ; Majumdar, J. ; Malyshev, D. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V. ; Marchegiani, P. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mares, A. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Montanari, A. ; Moore, C. ; Morris, P. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Muller, J. ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, K. ; Nayerhoda, A. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; O'Brien, Patrick ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Olivera-Nieto, L. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Panny, S. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Peron, G. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puhlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reichherzer, P. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Remy, Q. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V. ; Sailer, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Scalici, M. ; Schussler, F. ; Schutte, H. M. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Specovius, A. ; Spencer, S. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Sun, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, C. ; Steinmassl, S. ; Steppa, C. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Tomankova, L. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Volk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Watson, J. ; Werner, F. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Wong, Yu Wun ; Yusafzai, A. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zargaryan, D. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zhu, S. J. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zouari, S. ; Zywucka, N.
The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02 <br /> (stat)degrees <br /> stat degrees +/- 0.05 <br /> (sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2 <br /> (+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946
(2017)
Acero, F. ; Aloisio, R. ; Amans, J. ; Amato, Elena ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Aramo, C. ; Armstrong, T. ; Arqueros, F. ; Asano, Katsuaki ; Ashley, M. ; Backes, M. ; Balazs, C. ; Balzer, A. ; Bamba, Aya ; Barkov, Maxim ; Barrio, J. A. ; Benbow, Wystan ; Bernloehr, K. ; Beshley, V. ; Bigongiari, C. ; Biland, A. ; Bilinsky, A. ; Bissaldi, Elisabetta ; Biteau, J. ; Blanch, O. ; Blasi, P. ; Blazek, J. ; Boisson, C. ; Bonanno, G. ; Bonardi, A. ; Bonavolonta, C. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Braiding, C. ; Brau-Nogue, S. ; Bregeon, J. ; Brown, A. M. ; Bugaev, V. ; Bulgarelli, A. ; Bulik, T. ; Burton, Michael ; Burtovoi, A. ; Busetto, G. ; Bottcher, M. ; Cameron, R. ; Capalbi, M. ; Caproni, Anderson ; Caraveo, P. ; Carosi, R. ; Cascone, E. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chaty, Sylvain ; Chen, A. ; Chen, X. ; Chernyakova, M. ; Chikawa, M. ; Chudoba, J. ; Cohen-Tanugi, J. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Conforti, V. ; Contreras, J. L. ; Costa, A. ; Cotter, G. ; Covino, Stefano ; Covone, G. ; Cumani, P. ; Cusumano, G. ; Daniel, M. ; Dazzi, F. ; De Angelis, A. ; De Cesare, G. ; De Franco, A. ; De Frondat, F. ; Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia ; De Lisio, C. ; Lopez, R. de los Reyes ; De Lotto, B. ; de Naurois, M. ; De Palma, F. ; Del Santo, M. ; Delgado, C. ; della Volpe, D. ; Di Girolamo, T. ; Di Giulio, C. ; Di Pierro, F. ; Di Venere, L. ; Doro, M. ; Dournaux, J. ; Dumas, D. ; Dwarkadas, Vikram V. ; Diaz, C. ; Ebr, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Einecke, S. ; Elsaesser, D. ; Eschbach, S. ; Falceta-Goncalves, D. ; Fasola, G. ; Fedorova, E. ; Fernandez-Barral, A. ; Ferrand, Gilles ; Fesquet, M. ; Fiandrini, E. ; Fiasson, A. ; Filipovic, Miroslav D. ; Fioretti, V. ; Font, L. ; Fontaine, Gilles ; Franco, F. J. ; Freixas Coromina, L. ; Fujita, Yutaka ; Fukui, Y. ; Funk, S. ; Forster, A. ; Gadola, A. ; Lopez, R. Garcia ; Garczarczyk, M. ; Giglietto, N. ; Giordano, F. ; Giuliani, A. ; Glicenstein, J. ; Gnatyk, R. ; Goldoni, P. ; Grabarczyk, T. ; Graciani, R. ; Graham, J. ; Grandi, P. ; Granot, Jonathan ; Green, A. J. ; Griffiths, S. ; Gunji, S. ; Hakobyan, H. ; Hara, S. ; Hassan, T. ; Hayashida, M. ; Heller, M. ; Helo, J. C. ; Hinton, J. ; Hnatyk, B. ; Huet, J. ; Huetten, M. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Hussein, M. ; Horandel, J. ; Ikeno, Y. ; Inada, T. ; Inome, Y. ; Inoue, S. ; Inoue, T. ; Inoue, Y. ; Ioka, K. ; Iori, Maurizio ; Jacquemier, J. ; Janecek, P. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jung, I. ; Kaaret, P. ; Katagiri, H. ; Kimeswenger, S. ; Kimura, Shigeo S. ; Knodlseder, J. ; Koch, B. ; Kocot, J. ; Kohri, K. ; Komin, N. ; Konno, Y. ; Kosack, K. ; Koyama, S. ; Kraus, Michaela ; Kubo, Hidetoshi ; Mezek, G. Kukec ; Kushida, J. ; La Palombara, N. ; Lalik, K. ; Lamanna, G. ; Landt, H. ; Lapington, J. ; Laporte, P. ; Lee, S. ; Lees, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leto, Giuseppe ; Lindfors, E. ; Lohse, T. ; Lombardi, S. ; Longo, F. ; Lopez, M. ; Lucarelli, F. ; Luque-Escamilla, Pedro Luis ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Maccarone, M. C. ; Maier, G. ; Malaguti, G. ; Mandat, D. ; Maneva, G. ; Mangano, S. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marti, J. ; Martinez, M. ; Martinez, G. ; Masuda, S. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Melioli, Claudio ; Mineo, T. ; Mirabal, N. ; Mizuno, T. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohammed, M. ; Montaruli, T. ; Moralejo, A. ; Mori, K. ; Morlino, G. ; Morselli, A. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Mukherjee, R. ; Mundell, C. ; Muraishi, H. ; Murase, Kohta ; Nagataki, Shigehiro ; Nagayoshi, T. ; Naito, T. ; Nakajima, D. ; Nakamori, T. ; Nemmen, R. ; Niemiec, Jacek ; Nieto, D. ; Nievas-Rosillo, M. ; Nikolajuk, M. ; Nishijima, K. ; Noda, K. ; Nogues, L. ; Nosek, D. ; Novosyadlyj, B. ; Nozaki, S. ; Ohira, Yutaka ; Ohishi, M. ; Ohm, S. ; Okumura, A. ; Ong, R. A. ; Orito, R. ; Orlati, A. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, Marco ; Palacio, J. ; Palatka, M. ; Paredes, Josep M. ; Pavy, S. ; Persic, M. ; Petrucci, P. ; Petruk, Oleh ; Pisarski, A. ; Pohl, Martin ; Porcelli, A. ; Prandini, E. ; Prast, J. ; Principe, G. ; Prouza, M. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Puelhofer, G. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Rameez, M. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Ribo, M. ; Rico, J. ; Rizi, V. ; Rodriguez, J. ; Fernandez, G. Rodriguez ; Rodriguez Vazquez, J. J. ; Romano, Patrizia ; Romeo, G. ; Rosado, J. ; Rousselle, J. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Sadeh, I. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Saito, T. ; Sakaki, N. ; Sanchez, D. ; Sangiorgi, P. ; Sano, H. ; Santander, M. ; Sarkar, S. ; Sawada, M. ; Schioppa, E. J. ; Schoorlemmer, H. ; Schovanek, P. ; Schussler, F. ; Sergijenko, O. ; Servillat, M. ; Shalchi, A. ; Shellard, R. C. ; Siejkowski, H. ; Sillanpaa, A. ; Simone, D. ; Sliusar, V. ; Sol, H. ; Stanic, S. ; Starling, R. ; Stawarz, L. ; Stefanik, S. ; Stephan, M. ; Stolarczyk, T. ; Szanecki, M. ; Szepieniec, T. ; Tagliaferri, G. ; Tajima, H. ; Takahashi, M. ; Takeda, J. ; Tanaka, M. ; Tanaka, S. ; Tejedor, L. A. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Temnikov, P. ; Terada, Y. ; Tescaro, D. ; Teshima, M. ; Testa, V. ; Thoudam, S. ; Tokanai, F. ; Torres, D. F. ; Torresi, E. ; Tosti, G. ; Townsley, C. ; Travnicek, P. ; Trichard, C. ; Trifoglio, M. ; Tsujimoto, S. ; Vagelli, V. ; Vallania, P. ; Valore, L. ; van Driel, W. ; van Eldik, C. ; Vandenbroucke, Justin ; Vassiliev, V. ; Vecchi, M. ; Vercellone, Stefano ; Vergani, S. ; Vigorito, C. ; Vorobiov, S. ; Vrastil, M. ; Vazquez Acosta, M. L. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, R. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Walter, R. ; Ward, J. E. ; Watson, J. J. ; Weinstein, A. ; White, M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Wilcox, P. ; Williams, D. A. ; Wischnewski, R. ; Wojcik, P. ; Yamamoto, T. ; Yamamoto, H. ; Yamazaki, Ryo ; Yanagita, S. ; Yang, L. ; Yoshida, T. ; Yoshida, M. ; Yoshiike, S. ; Yoshikoshi, T. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zampieri, L. ; Zanin, R. ; Zavrtanik, M. ; Zavrtanik, D. ; Zdziarski, A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, Hannes ; Zhdanov, V. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J.
We perform simulations for future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observations of RX J1713.7-3946, a young supernova remnant (SNR) and one of the brightest sources ever discovered in very high energy (VHE) gamma rays. Special attention is paid to exploring possible spatial (anti) correlations of gamma rays with emission at other wavelengths, in particular X-rays and CO/H I emission. We present a series of simulated images of RX J1713.7-3946 for CTA based on a set of observationally motivated models for the gamma-ray emission. In these models, VHE gamma rays produced by high-energy electrons are assumed to trace the nonthermal X-ray emission observed by XMM-Newton, whereas those originating from relativistic protons delineate the local gas distributions. The local atomic and molecular gas distributions are deduced by the NANTEN team from CO and H I observations. Our primary goal is to show how one can distinguish the emission mechanism(s) of the gamma rays (i.e., hadronic versus leptonic, or a mixture of the two) through information provided by their spatial distribution, spectra, and time variation. This work is the first attempt to quantitatively evaluate the capabilities of CTA to achieve various proposed scientific goals by observing this important cosmic particle accelerator.
First ground-based measurement of sub-20 GeV to 100 GeV gamma-Rays from the Vela pulsar with HESS II
(2018)
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernlohr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chandra, S. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krüger, P. P. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J-P ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N. ; Kerr, M. ; Johnston, S. ; Shannon, R. M.
Aims. We report on the measurement and investigation of pulsed high-energy y-ray emission from the Vela pulsar, PSR B0833-45, based on observations with the largest telescope of H.E.S.S., CT5, in monoscopic mode, and on data obtained with the Fermi-LAT. Methods. Data from 40.3 h of observations carried out with the H.E.S.S. II array from 2013 to 2015 have been used. A dedicated very low-threshold event reconstruction and analysis pipeline was developed to achieve the lowest possible energy threshold. Eight years of Fermi-LAT data were analysed and also used as reference to validate the CT5 telescope response model and analysis methods. Results. A pulsed gamma-ray signal at a significance level of more than 15 sigma is detected from the P2 peak of the Vela pulsar light curve. Of a total of 15 835 events, more than 6000 lie at an energy below 20 GeV, implying a significant overlap between H.E.S.S. II-CT5 and the Fermi-LAT. While the investigation of the pulsar light curve with the LAT confirms characteristics previously known up to 20 GeV in the tens of GeV energy range, CT5 data show a change in the pulse morphology of P2, i.e. an extreme sharpening of its trailing edge, together with the possible onset of a new component at 3.4 sigma significance level. Assuming a power-law model for the P2 spectrum, an excellent agreement is found for the photon indices (Gamma similar or equal to 4.1) obtained with the two telescopes above 10 GeV and an upper bound of 8% is derived on the relative offset between their energy scales. Using data from both instruments, it is shown however that the spectrum of P2 in the 10-100 GeV has a pronounced curvature; this is a confirmation of the sub-exponential cut-off form found at lower energies with the LAT. This is further supported by weak evidence of an emission above 100 GeV obtained with CT5. In contrast, converging indications are found from both CT5 and LAT data for the emergence of a hard component above 50 GeV in the leading wing (LW2) of P2, which possibly extends beyond 100 GeV. Conclusions. The detection demonstrates the performance and understanding of CT5 from 100 GeV down to the sub-20 GeV domain, i.e. unprecedented low energy for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy. The extreme sharpening of the trailing edge of the P2 peak found in the H.E.S.S. II light curve of the Vela pulsar and the possible extension beyond 100 GeV of at least one of its features, LW2, provide further constraints to models of gamma-Ray emission from pulsars.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chandra, S. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Dei, C. ; Devin, J. ; dewilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruger, P. P. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowel, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, I ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J-P ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Woernlein, A. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. NGC 253 is one of only two starburst galaxies found to emit gamma-rays from hundreds of MeV to multi-TeV energies. Accurate measurements of the very-high-energy (VHE; E> 100 GeV) and high-energy (HE; E > 60 MeV) spectra are crucial to study the underlying particle accelerators, probe the dominant emission mechanism(s) and to study cosmic-ray interaction and transport. Aims. The measurement of the VHE gamma-ray emission of NGC 253 published in 2012 by H.E.S.S. was limited by large systematic uncertainties. Here, the most up to date measurement of the gamma-ray spectrum of NGC 253 is investigated in both HE and VHE gamma-rays. Assuming a hadronic origin of the gamma-ray emission, the measurement uncertainties are propagated into the interpretation of the accelerated particle population. Methods. The data of H.E.S.S. observations are reanalysed using an updated calibration and analysis chain. The improved Fermi-LAT analysis employs more than 8 yr of data processed using pass 8. The cosmic-ray particle population is evaluated from the combined HE-VHE gamma-ray spectrum using NAIMA in the optically thin case. Results. The VHE gamma-ray energy spectrum is best fit by a power-law distribution with a flux normalisation of (1.34 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.27(sys)) x 10(-13) cm(-2) s(-1) TeV-1 at 1 TeV - about 40% above, but compatible with the value obtained in Abramowski et al. (2012). The spectral index Gamma = 2.39 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.25(sys) is slightly softer than but consistent with the previous measurement within systematic errors. In the Fermi energy range an integral flux of F(E > 60 MeV) = (1.56 +/- 0.28(stat) +/- 0.15(sys)) x 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1) is obtained. At energies above similar to 3 GeV the HE spectrum is consistent with a power-law ranging into the VHE part of the spectrum measured by H.E.S.S. with an overall spectral index Gamma = 2.22 +/- 0.06(stat). Conclusions. Two scenarios for the starburst nucleus are tested, in which the gas in the starburst nucleus acts as either a thin or a thick target for hadronic cosmic rays accelerated by the individual sources in the nucleus. In these two models, the level to which NGC 253 acts as a calorimeter is estimated to a range of f(cal) = 0.1 to 1 while accounting for the measurement uncertainties. The presented spectrum is likely to remain the most accurate measurements until the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) has collected a substantial set of data towards NGC 253.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chand, T. ; Chandra, S. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, Tim Lukas ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Kraus, M. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moore, C. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schutte, H. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J-P ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Yang, R. ; Yoneda, H. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. We present a detailed view of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS J1825-137. We aim to constrain the mechanisms dominating the particle transport within the nebula, accounting for its anomalously large size and spectral characteristics. Aims. The nebula was studied using a deep exposure from over 12 years of H.E.S.S. I operation, together with data from H.E.S.S. II that improve the low-energy sensitivity. Enhanced energy-dependent morphological and spatially resolved spectral analyses probe the very high energy (VHE, E > 0.1 TeV) gamma-ray properties of the nebula. Methods. The nebula emission is revealed to extend out to 1.5 degrees from the pulsar, similar to 1.5 times farther than previously seen, making HESS J1825-137, with an intrinsic diameter of similar to 100 pc, potentially the largest gamma-ray PWN currently known. Characterising the strongly energy-dependent morphology of the nebula enables us to constrain the particle transport mechanisms. A dependence of the nebula extent with energy of R proportional to E alpha with alpha = -0.29 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.05(sys) disfavours a pure diffusion scenario for particle transport within the nebula. The total gamma-ray flux of the nebula above 1 TeV is found to be (1.12 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.25(sys)) +/- 10(-11) cm(-2) s(-1), corresponding to similar to 64% of the flux of the Crab nebula. Results. HESS J1825-137 is a PWN with clearly energy-dependent morphology at VHE gamma-ray energies. This source is used as a laboratory to investigate particle transport within intermediate-age PWNe. Based on deep observations of this highly spatially extended PWN, we produce a spectral map of the region that provides insights into the spectral variation within the nebula.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Berge, D. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chand, T. ; Chandra, S. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Feijen, K. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, Tim Lukas ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Kostunin, D. ; Kraus, M. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moore, C. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schutte, H. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J-P ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, Luigi ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Yang, R. ; Yoneda, H. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) represent the most prominent population of Galactic very-high-energy gamma-ray sources and are thought to be an efficient source of leptonic cosmic rays. Vela X is a nearby middle-aged PWN, which shows bright X-ray and TeV gamma-ray emission towards an elongated structure called the cocoon. Aims. Since TeV emission is likely inverse-Compton emission of electrons, predominantly from interactions with the cosmic microwave background, while X-ray emission is synchrotron radiation of the same electrons, we aim to derive the properties of the relativistic particles and of magnetic fields with minimal modelling. Methods. We used data from the Suzaku XIS to derive the spectra from three compact regions in Vela X covering distances from 0.3 to 4 pc from the pulsar along the cocoon. We obtained gamma-ray spectra of the same regions from H.E.S.S. observations and fitted a radiative model to the multi-wavelength spectra. Results. The TeV electron spectra and magnetic field strengths are consistent within the uncertainties for the three regions, with energy densities of the order 10(-12) erg cm(-3). The data indicate the presence of a cutoff in the electron spectrum at energies of similar to 100 TeV and a magnetic field strength of similar to 6 mu G. Constraints on the presence of turbulent magnetic fields are weak. Conclusions. The pressure of TeV electrons and magnetic fields in the cocoon is dynamically negligible, requiring the presence of another dominant pressure component to balance the pulsar wind at the termination shock. Sub-TeV electrons cannot completely account for the missing pressure, which may be provided either by relativistic ions or from mixing of the ejecta with the pulsar wind. The electron spectra are consistent with expectations from transport scenarios dominated either by advection via the reverse shock or by diffusion, but for the latter the role of radiative losses near the termination shock needs to be further investigated in the light of the measured cutoff energies. Constraints on turbulent magnetic fields and the shape of the electron cutoff can be improved by spectral measurements in the energy range greater than or similar to 10 keV.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chandra, S. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, Tim Lukas ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruger, P. P. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J-P ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
The blazar Mrk 501 (z = 0.034) was observed at very-high-energy (VHE, E greater than or similar to 100 GeV) gamma-ray wavelengths during a bright flare on the night of 2014 June 23-24 (MJD 56832) with the H.E.S.S. phase-II array of Cherenkov telescopes. Data taken that night by H.E.S.S. at large zenith angle reveal an exceptional number of gamma-ray photons at multi-TeV energies, with rapid flux variability and an energy coverage extending significantly up to 20 TeV. This data set is used to constrain Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) using two independent channels: a temporal approach considers the possibility of an energy dependence in the arrival time of gamma-rays, whereas a spectral approach considers the possibility of modifications to the interaction of VHE gamma-rays with extragalactic background light (EBL) photons. The non-detection of energy-dependent time delays and the non-observation of deviations between the measured spectrum and that of a supposed power-law intrinsic spectrum with standard EBL attenuation are used independently to derive strong constraints on the energy scale of LIV (E-QG) in the subluminal scenario for linear and quadratic perturbations in the dispersion relation of photons. For the case of linear perturbations, the 95% confidence level limits obtained are E-QG,E-1 > 3.6 x 10(17) GeV using the temporal approach and E-QG,E-1 > 2.6 x 10(19) GeV using the spectral approach. For the case of quadratic perturbations, the limits obtained are E-QG,E-2 > 8.5 x 10(10) GeV using the temporal approach and E-QG,E-2 > 7.8 x 10(11) GeV using the spectral approach.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chandra, S. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Davids, I. D. ; Dei, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Füssling, Matthias ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruger, R. R. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitche, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, Iurii ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Woernlein, A. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
A hotspot at a position compatible with the BL. Lac object 1ES 2322-409 was serendipitously detected with H.E.S.S. during observations performed in 2004 and 2006 on the blazar PKS 2316-423. Additional data on 1ES 2322-409 were taken in 2011 and 2012, leading to a total live-time of 22.3 h. Point-like very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission is detected from a source centred on the IFS 2322-409 position, with an excess of 116.7 events at a significance of 6.0 sigma. The average VHE gamma-ray spectrum is well described with a power law with a photon index Gamma = 3.40 +/- 0.66(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an integral flux Phi(E > 200 GeV) = (3.11 +/- 0.71(stat) 0.62(sys)) x 10(-2)cm(-2)s(-1), which corresponds to 1.1 per cent of the Crab nebula flux above 200 GeV. Multiwavelength data obtained with Fermi LAT, Swift XRT and UVOT, RXTE PCA, ATOM, and additional data from WISE, GROND, and Catalina are also used to characterize the broad-band non-thermal emission of lES 2322-409. The multiwavelength behaviour indicates day-scale variability. Swift UVOT and XRT data show strong variability at longer scales. A spectral energy distribution (SED) is built from contemporaneous observations obtained around a high state identified in Swift data. A modelling of the SED is performed with a stationary homogeneous one-zone synchrotronself-Compton leptonic model. The redshift of the source being unknown, two plausible values were tested for the modelling. A systematic scan of the model parameters space is performed, resulting in a well-constrained combination of values providing a good description of the broad-band behaviour of 1ES 2322-409.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Adam, R. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arcaro, C. ; Armand, C. ; Ashkar, H. ; Backes, M. ; Martins, V. Barbosa ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Berge, D. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bregeon, J. ; Breuhaus, M. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Bylund, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chand, T. ; Chandra, S. ; Chen, A. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Curylo, M. ; Davids, I. D. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Dmytriiev, A. ; Donath, A. ; Doroshenko, V ; Dyks, J. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J-P ; Eschbach, S. ; Feijen, K. ; Fegan, S. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fussling, Matthias ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giunti, L. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M-H ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Huber, D. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jardin-Blicq, A. ; Jung-Richardt, I ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Kostunin, D. ; Kreter, M. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P ; Leser, Eva ; Levy, C. ; Lohse, T. ; Lypova, I ; Mackey, J. ; Majumdar, J. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mares, A. ; Mariaud, C. ; Marti-Devesa, G. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Moore, C. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Muller, J. ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P-O ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V ; Noel, A. Priyana ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Remy, Q. ; Renaud, M. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Ruiz-Velasco, E. ; Sahakian, V ; Sailer, S. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schutte, H. M. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Senniappan, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sinha, A. ; Sol, H. ; Specovius, A. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Yang, R. ; Yoneda, H. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N. ; de Palma, F. ; Axelsson, M. ; Roberts, O. J.
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are brief flashes of gamma-rays and are considered to be the most energetic explosive phenomena in the Universe(1). The emission from GRBs comprises a short (typically tens of seconds) and bright prompt emission, followed by a much longer afterglow phase. During the afterglow phase, the shocked outflow-produced by the interaction between the ejected matter and the circumburst medium-slows down, and a gradual decrease in brightness is observed(2). GRBs typically emit most of their energy via.-rays with energies in the kiloelectronvolt-to-megaelectronvolt range, but a few photons with energies of tens of gigaelectronvolts have been detected by space-based instruments(3). However, the origins of such high-energy (above one gigaelectronvolt) photons and the presence of very-high-energy (more than 100 gigaelectronvolts) emission have remained elusive(4). Here we report observations of very-high-energy emission in the bright GRB 180720B deep in the GRB afterglow-ten hours after the end of the prompt emission phase, when the X-ray flux had already decayed by four orders of magnitude. Two possible explanations exist for the observed radiation: inverse Compton emission and synchrotron emission of ultrarelativistic electrons. Our observations show that the energy fluxes in the X-ray and gamma-ray range and their photon indices remain comparable to each other throughout the afterglow. This discovery places distinct constraints on the GRB environment for both emission mechanisms, with the inverse Compton explanation alleviating the particle energy requirements for the emission observed at late times. The late timing of this detection has consequences for the future observations of GRBs at the highest energies.