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Technological advancements are giving rise to the fourth industrial revolution - Industry 4.0 -characterized by the mass employment of smart objects in highly reconfigurable and thoroughly connected industrialproduct-service systems. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theory-based knowledgedynamics model in the smart grid scenario that would provide a holistic view on the knowledge-based interactions among smart objects, humans, and other actors as an underlyingmechanism of value co-creation in Industry 4.0. A multi-loop and three-layer - physical, virtual, and interface - model of knowledge dynamics is developedby building on the concept of ba - an enabling space for interactions and theemergence of knowledge. The model depicts how big data analytics are just one component inunlocking the value of big data, whereas the tacit engagement of humans-in-the-loop - theirsense-making and decision-making - is needed for insights to be evoked fromanalytics reports and customer needs to be met.
Faced with the increasing needs of companies, optimal dimensioning of IT hardware is becoming challenging for decision makers. In terms of analytical infrastructures, a highly evolutionary environment causes volatile, time dependent workloads in its components, and intelligent, flexible task distribution between local systems and cloud services is attractive. With the aim of developing a flexible and efficient design for analytical infrastructures, this paper proposes a flexible architecture model, which allocates tasks following a machine-specific decision heuristic. A simulation benchmarks this system with existing strategies and identifies the new decision maxim as superior in a first scenario-based simulation.
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) have shaped the discussion about Industry 4.0 (I4.0) for some time. To ensure the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises the vision for the future figures out cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) as a core component of a modern factory. Adaptability and coping with complexity are (among others) potentials of this new generation of production management. The successful transformation of this theoretical construct into practical implementation can only take place with regard to the conditions characterizing the context of a factory. The subject of this contribution is a concept that takes up the brownfield character and describes a solution for extending existing (legacy) systems with CPS capabilities.
Wandlungsfähigkeit von Informationssystemen ist zu einem wesentlichen Wettbewerbsfaktor geworden. Die derzeit unzureichende methodische Unterstützung zur Umsetzung von Wandlungsfähigkeit führt in Unternehmen häufig zu ungenutzten Potentialen einer leistungsfähigen Struktur durch die eingesetzte Informationstechnologie. Ziel des Forschungsprojektes CHANGE ist es, Methoden und Vorgehensmodelle zu entwickeln, die eine dauerhafte Wandlungsfähigkeit von Informationssystemen unterstützen. Dazu wird im Rahmen dieses Beitrages ein Verfahren vorgestellt, welches der Forderung zur Ermittlung der notwendigen Wandlungsfähigkeit unter Einbeziehung des Unternehmensumfeldes nachkommt. Als wesentliches Ergebnis wird ein Kennzahlensystem entwickelt, das zum einen die Umweltsituation als Indikator für den Wandlungsdruck eines Unternehmens beschreibt. Im nächsten Schritt werden Kriterien zur Ermittlung des Wandlungspotentials der eingesetzten IT herangezogen. Abschließend werden beide Dimensionen zusammengeführt und in ihrer Bedeutung für die IT Strategie eines Unternehmens interpretiert.
The concept of adaptability has been widely recognised as research field in recent years. Business information systems play a key part in terms of business performance. Adaptability of information systems therefore is a primary goal of vendors and end-users. However, so far concepts that help to determine the adaptability of Information Systems are missing. Based on research results of the project CHANGE1 this contribution presents an integrated process model addressing the problem and a possible solution.
This paper presents an exploratory study investigating the influence of the factors (1) intermediary participation, (2) decision-making authority, (3) position in the enterprise, and (4) experience in open innovation on the perception and assessment of the benefits and risks expected from participating in open innovation projects. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The result of this paper is an empirical evidence showing whether and how these factors affect the perception of potential benefits and risks expected within the context of open innovation project participation. Furthermore, the identified effects are discussed against the theory. Existing theory regarding the benefits and risks of open innovation is expanded by (1) finding that they are perceived mostly independently of the factors, (2) confirming the practical relevance of benefits and risks, and (3) enabling a finer distinction between their degrees of relevance according to respective contextual specifics.
This contribution presents an approach for requirement oriented team building in industrial processes like product development. This will be based on the knowledge modelling and description language (KMDL(R)) that enables the modelling and analysis of knowledge intensive business processes. First the basic elements of the modelling technique are described, presenting the concept and the description language. Furthermore it is shown how the KMDL(R) process models can be used as a basis for the team building component. Therefore, an algorithm was developed that is able to propose a team composition for a specific task by analyzing the knowledge and skills of the employees, which will be contrasted to the process requirements. This can be used as guidance for team building decisions.
Im Beitrag wird dargestellt, wie der Einsatz von Wissensmanagementwerkzeugen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Gestaltung eines erfolgreichen ERP-Betriebes leisten kann. Da diese Aufgabe einen hohen Anteil an wissensintensiven Prozessen aufweist, wird dazu eine Methode benötigt, welches die Prozesse strukturiert erfasst, durch die Modellierung analysiert und geeignete Maßnahmen des Wissensmanagements vorschlägt. Die Methode KMDL® ermöglicht durch die Einführung einer Wissensebene die Spezifikation, wann Wissen welchen Inhalts und in welcher Form im Prozess benötigt oder erzeugt wird. Dabei wird auch darauf eingegangen, wie durch die Anwendung der KMDL® der optimale Schulungsbedarf für ERP-Anwender ermittelt werden kann.
Bon appétit!
(2007)
Collaborative Engineering is a promising concept to increase the competitiveness of companies. Target of this paper is to describe the industrial application of this approach, considering shipbuilding as an example. Besides the engineering partners needs to collaborate during the product development phase, there are many other stakeholders who are interested in the product ship along its whole life cycle. Therefore the Concept of Collaborative Engineering is extended by introducing the idea of Communities. Requirements on Communities in Engineering are deduced. Based on this an architectural framework for Collaborative Engineering Communities is described. Concluding research topics which have to be discussed for practical realization are outlined.
The efficient use of human capital is one of the most important factors in todays' business competition. Competition is strongly influenced by qualified staff. In order to aid the human resources department to keep up with strategic decisions various competency management systems have been created that make the development of human resources easier and more precise. Competency management systems are only as good as the information that they are based on. The mostly used basic information is the skill catalogue. But there are nearly no applicable methods yet to create such a catalogue thoroughly. This paper introduces a reasonable approach to create such a catalogue with the description language for knowledge-intensive processes KMDL.
Business processes can be modelled and analysed extensively with well known and established methods. The simple signs of static knowledge do not fulfil the requirements of a comprehensive and integrated approach of process-oriented knowledge management. The Knowledge Modelling Description Language KMDL is able to represent the creation, use and necessity of knowledge along common business processes. Therefore KMDL can be used to formalise knowledge-intensive processes with a focus on certain knowledge-specific characteristics and to identify weak points in these processes. The tool K-Modeller is introduced for a computer-aided modelling and analysing.
Die Fabrikplanung sieht sich infolge veränderter Marktbedingung neuen Herausforderungen gegenüber gestellt. Die Anforderung an die Wandlungsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens ist zu einem Schlüsselfaktor geworden, der bereits in der Planungsphase einer Fabrik adressiert werden muss. Welche Einflüsse und Faktoren sind bei der Realisierung neuer Fabriken zu berücksichtigen? Zu dieser Thematik wurden Unternehmen im Bereich Fabrikplanung befragt.
Für Unternehmen stellt sich immer wieder die Frage nach der Stabilität der Geschäftsprozesse. Wie flexibel bzw. wandlungsfähig müssen Unternehmensarchitekturen ausgelegt werden, damit Veränderungen in der Aufbau- oder Ablauforganisation ITseitig auch in Zukunft gefolgt werden kann? Dazu wird im folgenden Beitrag das Paradigma Wandlungsfähigkeit als Gestaltungsziel von Unternehmensarchitekturen charakterisiert und der Zusammenhang zwischen Veränderungen des Umfeldes eines Unternehmens und erforderlicher Anpassungsfähigkeit der Informationssysteme erläutert.
Erhöhung der Wandlungsfähigkeit von ECM-Lösungen unter Verwendung kartographischer Gestaltungsmittel
(2008)
Bei Entscheidungen über abzulösende oder neue Anwendungssysteme kann mit Hilfe funktionaler Anforderungen immer nur der gegenwärtige oder vorhersehbare Bedarf ermittelt werden. In einem turbulenten Umfeld sind die Anwendungssysteme jedoch häufig langere Zeit im Einsatz als die Anforderungen gültig sind, mit Hilfe derer sie ausgewählt wurden. An der Universität Potsdam wird im Rahmen des BMBF-Projektes CHANGE eine Vorgehensweise zur Ermittlung der Zukunftsfähigkeit unternehmensweiter Anwendungssysteme entwickelt, deren wesentliche Merkmale in diesem Beitrag beschrieben werden.
ERP und MES : Teil 3
(2008)
Process oriented knowledge management focuses on knowledge intensive business processes. For modelling and analysis of these processes the modelling technique KMDL (Knowledge Modeling and Description Language) has been developed. KMDL is a method to describe knowledge flows and conversions along and between business processes. Thereby KMDL identifies existing and utilized information as well as knowledge of individual participants and of the entire company. This research-in-progress contribution introduces a practical example in the field of software engineering, in which KMDL models are evaluated to identify process improvements, e.g. by adding knowledge management activities. Therefore three individual views focussing on selected aspects of interest are introduced.
Die Autoren stellen einen Ansatz vor, mit dem das Erfahrungswissen über die Produktionsregelung mit künstlichen neuronalen Netzen so aufgearbeitet und strukturiert werden kann, dass mittels des fallbasierten Schließens für neue Produktionssituationen die geeigneten und entsprechend voreingestellten neuronalen Netze ausgewählt werden können. Aufbauend auf den so gewonnenen Ergebnissen wird ein fallbasiertes System entwickelt.
Industrie 4.0
(2018)
Not only the public services are able to ensure the effective and efficient use of e-democracy tools. This contribution points out how a party must be structured to function as a neutral service provider for the citizen to set the results of electronic decision-making processes generally binding. The party provides only the methodology and the technology of decision making. Contents are defined exclusively from the citizens. These contents and voting results are implemented obligatorily in the parliament by the delegates of the party. The electronic democracy contributes, in order to supplement the representative democracy, scalable around direct democratic elements. The citizens can determine all 4 or 5 years with the national elections, how much each political decision has to be affected direct democratically by edemocracy tools. Such an approach is subject to other requirements than a governmental offered service.
Knowledge is more and more a key factor within companies. Nearly 40 percent of all employees are so called "knowledge workers". Distribution and inquest of knowledge within companies are supported by skill management systems. Although not all aspects and potentials of this instrument are yet utilized skill management systems have spread widely within business organizations. This paper summarizes the requirements, scopes and problems for skill management system within the company.
Investitionsreport MES
(2006)