Child regulative temperament as a mediator of parenting in the development of depressive symptoms
- Child temperament as well as parenting behaviors have been linked to adolescent depression. Beyond their main effects, the interplay between these factors is of interest. For example, in an interactive model, a differential susceptibility of temperamental variants to parenting has been suggested. However, so far, the differential susceptibility hypothesis has mostly been studied with a focus on externalizing disorders. On the other hand, parenting may shape the child’s temperament and vice versa in a transactional process. In a prospective, longitudinal at-risk sample (163 boys, 176 girls), we assessed emotional (easy–difficult) and regulative (self-control) temperament at ages 4.5, and 8 years, respectively, as well as parenting quality at age 4.5 years using the HOME inventory. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to investigate the prediction of depressive symptoms at age 11, measured by the Child Depression Inventory, including interaction terms between the temperament variable and parenting. We additionally testedChild temperament as well as parenting behaviors have been linked to adolescent depression. Beyond their main effects, the interplay between these factors is of interest. For example, in an interactive model, a differential susceptibility of temperamental variants to parenting has been suggested. However, so far, the differential susceptibility hypothesis has mostly been studied with a focus on externalizing disorders. On the other hand, parenting may shape the child’s temperament and vice versa in a transactional process. In a prospective, longitudinal at-risk sample (163 boys, 176 girls), we assessed emotional (easy–difficult) and regulative (self-control) temperament at ages 4.5, and 8 years, respectively, as well as parenting quality at age 4.5 years using the HOME inventory. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to investigate the prediction of depressive symptoms at age 11, measured by the Child Depression Inventory, including interaction terms between the temperament variable and parenting. We additionally tested whether parenting was mediated by child temperament. As previously reported, both self-control and parenting were longitudinally associated with preadolescent depressive symptoms. There were no interactive effects between temperament and parenting. However, the effects of parenting were partly mediated by self-control. Our data do not support a differential susceptibility of temperamental variants in the development of preadolescent depression. However, our results are in line with the assumption that parenting may shape young children’s temperament, with positive parenting in the early childhood fostering the development of regulative temperament.…
Author details: | Martina Pitzer, Günter EsserORCiDGND, Martin H. Schmidt, Erika Hohm, Tobias Banaschewski, Manfred LauchtGND |
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DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1682-2 |
ISSN: | 0300-9564 |
ISSN: | 1435-1463 |
Pubmed ID: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28124161 |
Title of parent work (English): | Journal of neural transmission |
Subtitle (English): | a longitudinal study from early childhood to preadolescence |
Publisher: | Springer |
Place of publishing: | Wien |
Publication type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of first publication: | 2017/01/25 |
Publication year: | 2017 |
Release date: | 2022/06/07 |
Tag: | Children; Depression; Parent-child-interaction; Parenting; Temperament |
Volume: | 124 |
Number of pages: | 11 |
First page: | 631 |
Last Page: | 641 |
Funding institution: | Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 258]; Federal Ministry for Education and Research [01EB0110] |
Organizational units: | Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät / Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften / Department Psychologie |
DDC classification: | 1 Philosophie und Psychologie / 15 Psychologie / 150 Psychologie |
Peer review: | Referiert |