930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie
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Institute
In near- surface geophysics, ground-based mapping surveys are routinely used in a variety of applications including those from archaeology, civil engineering, hydrology, and soil science. The resulting geophysical anomaly maps of, for example, magnetic or electrical parameters are usually interpreted to laterally delineate subsurface structures such as those related to the remains of past human activities, subsurface utilities and other installations, hydrological properties, or different soil types. To ease the interpretation of such data sets, we have developed a multiscale processing, analysis, and visualization strategy. Our approach relies on a discrete redundant wavelet transform (RWT) implemented using cubic-spline filters and the a trous algorithm, which allows to efficiently compute a multiscale decomposition of 2D data using a series of 1D convolutions. The basic idea of the approach is presented using a synthetic test image, whereas our archaeogeophysical case study from northeast Germany demonstrates its potential to analyze and process rather typical geophysical anomaly maps including magnetic and topographic data. Our vertical-gradient magnetic data show amplitude variations over several orders of magnitude, complex anomaly patterns at various spatial scales, and typical noise patterns, whereas our topographic data show a distinct hill structure superimposed by a microtopographic stripe pattern and random noise. Our results demonstrate that the RWT approach is capable to successfully separate these components and that selected wavelet planes can be scaled and combined so that the reconstructed images allow for a detailed, multiscale structural interpretation also using integrated visualizations of magnetic and topographic data. Because our analysis approach is straightforward to implement without laborious parameter testing and tuning, computationally efficient, and easily adaptable to other geophysical data sets, we believe that it can help to rapidly analyze and interpret different geophysical mapping data collected to address a variety of near-surface applications from engineering practice and research.
Introduction
(2020)
In 1932, Grace Harriet Macurdy, Professor of Greek at Vassar College, wrote about Cleopatra’s and Marc Antony’s lifestyle in Egypt: In a manner of living as though taken from the Arabian Nights Entertainment, they gambled, drank, hunted and fished together, and wandered about Alexandria by night in disguise. . . Even Macurdy – the author of a pioneering study on Hellenistic queens and ‘woman-power’, in which she stressed the necessity of evaluating powerful women by the same standards as their male counterparts – could not avoid using an Orientalist flair when describing the most famous Ptolemaic queen. It is the aim of this book to show that Macurdy was and is anything but alone, and that discourses and images developed by the Orientalist imagination have dominated the ways in which powerful ancient women have been represented in modern reception. The reason for this, we argue, is...
Die Ernährung in der Antike war vielfältig, regional verschieden und von der beginnenden Eisenzeit (ca. 1.000 v. Chr.) bis in die Spätantike (ca. 500 n. Chr.) sowohl erstaunlich stabil als auch neuen Einflüssen wie exotischen Gewürzen aus dem Fernhandel und sich ändernden, religiös motivierten Haltungen zu Essen und Gemeinschaft ausgesetzt. Wer aß welche Nahrung? Welche ist die richtige, welche die beste Ernährung? Und wer konnte sich welche Speisen leisten? Gab es Speiseverbote? Wie diskutierten die Menschen der Antike, welches Essverhalten für welchen Tischgenossen „standesgemäß“ sei? Und was verraten uns gemeinsame Mahlzeiten über die antike Esskultur und ihre gemeinschaftsstiftende Wirkung? Indem die Autorinnen und Autoren der Leitfrage nachgehen, wie Ernährungsweisen einen Spiegel der Gesellschaft darstellen, beweisen sie, dass die Ernährung der Antike und die antiken Ernährungsdiskurse uns im 21. Jahrhundert viel zu sagen haben.
Introduction
(2020)
Why is Cleopatra, a descendent of Alexander the Great, a Ptolemy from a Greek–Macedonian family, in popular imagination an Oriental woman? True, she assumed some aspects of pharaonic imagery in order to rule Egypt, but her Orientalism mostly derives from ancient (Roman) and modern stereotypes: both the Orient and the idea of a woman in power are signs, in the Western tradition, of ‘otherness’ – and in this sense they can easily overlap and interchange.
This volume investigates how ancient women, and particularly powerful women, such as queens and empresses, have been re-imagined in Western (and not only Western) arts; highlights how this re-imagination and re-visualization is, more often than not, the product of Orientalist stereotypes – even when dealing with women who had nothing to do with Eastern regions; and compares these images with examples of Eastern gaze on the same women. Through the chapters in this volume, readers will discover the similarities and differences in the ways in which women in power were and still are described and decried by their opponents.