530 Physik
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (890)
- Doctoral Thesis (364)
- Postprint (95)
- Other (49)
- Preprint (36)
- Habilitation Thesis (22)
- Review (12)
- Master's Thesis (10)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (4)
- Course Material (2)
Keywords
- diffusion (43)
- anomalous diffusion (31)
- gamma rays: general (20)
- synchronization (18)
- Synchronisation (16)
- organic solar cells (16)
- stochastic processes (14)
- ISM: supernova remnants (13)
- cosmic rays (13)
- data analysis (12)
- Datenanalyse (11)
- perovskite solar cells (11)
- stars: massive (11)
- dynamics (10)
- turbulence (10)
- Klimawandel (9)
- Nichtlineare Dynamik (9)
- stars: atmospheres (9)
- Chaos (8)
- astroparticle physics (8)
- climate change (8)
- fractional Brownian motion (8)
- Magnetismus (7)
- acceleration of particles (7)
- atmosphere (7)
- azobenzene (7)
- chaos (7)
- magnetism (7)
- methods: numerical (7)
- nonlinear dynamics (7)
- numerical relativity (7)
- stars: early-type (7)
- thin films (7)
- transport (7)
- Arktis (6)
- Atmosphäre (6)
- Biophysik (6)
- Kuramoto model (6)
- Magellanic Clouds (6)
- Polymere (6)
- Synchronization (6)
- X-rays: binaries (6)
- additive manufacturing (6)
- biophysics (6)
- charge transport (6)
- chemotaxis (6)
- complex networks (6)
- first passage time (6)
- galaxies: active (6)
- galaxies: evolution (6)
- galaxies: formation (6)
- galaxies: high-redshift (6)
- gravitational waves (6)
- model (6)
- molecular motors (6)
- networks (6)
- noise (6)
- non-fullerene acceptors (6)
- nonergodicity (6)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (6)
- residual stress (6)
- stars: neutron (6)
- ultrafast (6)
- ultrafast dynamics (6)
- Diffusion (5)
- MHD (5)
- Oberfläche (5)
- Physik (5)
- Residual stress (5)
- Stochastische Prozesse (5)
- X-ray (5)
- complex systems (5)
- first-passage time (5)
- fluorescence (5)
- gamma rays: ISM (5)
- gamma rays: galaxies (5)
- graphene (5)
- hysteresis (5)
- intergalactic medium (5)
- microscopy (5)
- molekulare Motoren (5)
- phase transition (5)
- photochemistry (5)
- photoelectron spectroscopy (5)
- physics (5)
- polymers (5)
- random diffusivity (5)
- recombination (5)
- stars: evolution (5)
- superstatistics (5)
- surface (5)
- ARPES (4)
- Arctic (4)
- Ellipsometrie (4)
- FLASH (4)
- Ferroelektrete (4)
- Fluoreszenz (4)
- Galaxy: halo (4)
- ISM: abundances (4)
- Langevin equation (4)
- Nanostruktur (4)
- Physikdidaktik (4)
- Polyelektrolyt (4)
- Rashba effect (4)
- Rauschen (4)
- Röntgenspektroskopie (4)
- Simulation (4)
- Turbulenz (4)
- X-ray refraction (4)
- X-rays: stars (4)
- Zeitreihenanalyse (4)
- bacteria (4)
- binaries: close (4)
- binaries: general (4)
- binaries: spectroscopic (4)
- catalogs (4)
- charge generation (4)
- computed tomography (4)
- density (4)
- dynamical systems (4)
- dünne Schichten (4)
- electronic structure (4)
- ferroelectrets (4)
- first-passage (4)
- galaxies: star formation (4)
- geometric Brownian motion (4)
- impact (4)
- instabilities (4)
- komplexe Netzwerke (4)
- machine learning (4)
- magnetic fields (4)
- methods: data analysis (4)
- microlensing (4)
- molecular dynamics (4)
- morphology (4)
- nanoparticles (4)
- neutron diffraction (4)
- organic photovoltaics (4)
- phase oscillators (4)
- phase transitions (4)
- photoluminescence (4)
- photovoltaics (4)
- physics education (4)
- polypropylene (4)
- power spectral analysis (4)
- prediction (4)
- quantum field theory (4)
- quantum gravity (4)
- quasars: absorption lines (4)
- radiation belts (4)
- scattering (4)
- shock waves (4)
- simulation (4)
- star formation (4)
- stars: winds, outflows (4)
- statistical physics (4)
- stochastic resetting (4)
- subdiffusion (4)
- subdwarfs (4)
- synchrotron radiation (4)
- techniques: imaging spectroscopy (4)
- techniques: spectroscopic (4)
- thiouracil (4)
- 2D (3)
- 2D perovskites (3)
- Adhäsion (3)
- Adsorption (3)
- Aluminum alloys (3)
- Antarktis (3)
- Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (3)
- Brownian motion (3)
- Curie transition (3)
- Fokker-Planck equation (3)
- Galaxy: evolution (3)
- Gitterdynamik (3)
- Gravitationswellen (3)
- Hilbert transform (3)
- Holocene (3)
- ISM: clouds (3)
- ISM: magnetic fields (3)
- Integrated Assessment (3)
- Klimatologie (3)
- Kosmologie (3)
- Ladungstransport (3)
- Lasers (3)
- Lattice dynamics (3)
- Levy walk (3)
- Levy walks (3)
- Lidar (3)
- Magnetisierungsdynamik (3)
- Molekulardynamik (3)
- Motilität (3)
- NEXAFS (3)
- Nanopartikel (3)
- Netzwerke (3)
- Neutron diffraction (3)
- Nicht-Fulleren-Akzeptoren (3)
- Oberflächengitter (3)
- Organische Solarzellen (3)
- Ozon (3)
- P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer (3)
- Perovskites (3)
- Phase (3)
- Phasenübergang (3)
- Photoelektronenspektroskopie (3)
- Polyelektrolyte (3)
- Quantengravitation (3)
- Quantenoptik (3)
- RIXS (3)
- Radiation belts (3)
- Rashba-Effekt (3)
- Reflexion (3)
- Rekurrenzanalyse (3)
- Resonanzenergietransfer (3)
- Röntgenbeugung (3)
- Saturn (3)
- Solar cells (3)
- Sternentstehung (3)
- Synchrotronstrahlung (3)
- Teilchenbeschleunigung (3)
- Theorie (3)
- Thin films (3)
- Thiouracil (3)
- Ti-6Al-4V (3)
- Ultrafast X-ray diffraction (3)
- Unsicherheitsanalyse (3)
- Wellenleiter (3)
- X-ray diffraction (3)
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (3)
- X-ray spectroscopy (3)
- XPS (3)
- Zelladhäsion (3)
- adsorption (3)
- astrophysical plasmas (3)
- behavior (3)
- biological physics (3)
- black holes (3)
- brushes (3)
- cell adhesion (3)
- charge storage (3)
- chimera state (3)
- chimera states (3)
- climate (3)
- continuous time random walk (3)
- control (3)
- coupled rotators (3)
- creep (3)
- dark ages, reionization, first stars (3)
- diffusing diffusivity (3)
- dust (3)
- dynamo (3)
- efficiency (3)
- electrons (3)
- electrostatic interactions (3)
- ellipsometry (3)
- energy (3)
- entanglement (3)
- filaments (3)
- films (3)
- first passage (3)
- galaxies (3)
- galaxies: interactions (3)
- galaxies: jets (3)
- gamma rays: stars (3)
- gamma-ray burst: general (3)
- general relativity (3)
- genomic DNA conformation (3)
- global surface warming (3)
- gravity (3)
- group field theory (3)
- hypersound (3)
- instability (3)
- interfaces (3)
- iron (3)
- magnetosphere (3)
- magnetostriction (3)
- membrane (3)
- methods: observational (3)
- modeling (3)
- models (3)
- nanostructure (3)
- neutrinos (3)
- noisy systems (3)
- nonfullerene acceptors (3)
- nucleobases (3)
- numerical simulations (3)
- ocean heat uptake (3)
- optical manipulation (3)
- organic solar cell (3)
- organische Solarzellen (3)
- particle acceleration (3)
- photocurrent generation (3)
- photosensitive surfactants (3)
- planets and satellites: rings (3)
- plasmonics (3)
- polyelectrolytes (3)
- polymer (3)
- polymer solar cells (3)
- power spectrum (3)
- projections (3)
- protein folding (3)
- pulsars: general (3)
- quasars: general (3)
- radiative transfer (3)
- random walk (3)
- recurrence plot (3)
- resonant energy transfer (3)
- solar cells (3)
- solar wind (3)
- spectroscopy (3)
- stars (3)
- stars: Wolf-Rayet (3)
- stars: abundances (3)
- statistical models (3)
- statistics (3)
- statistische Modelle (3)
- stochastic resonance (3)
- stochastische Prozesse (3)
- sulfur (3)
- surface relief grating (3)
- synchronization transition (3)
- techniques: image processing (3)
- time series analysis (3)
- ultrafast x-ray diffraction (3)
- ultraschnell (3)
- uncertainty analysis (3)
- voltage losses (3)
- waveguides (3)
- 1D (2)
- 3D (2)
- 4 (2)
- AG (2)
- Additive manufacturing (2)
- Aerosol (2)
- Akkretion (2)
- Amazon rainforest (2)
- Anfangsdaten (2)
- Anisotropie (2)
- Anisotropy (2)
- Antarctica (2)
- Anthropogene Klimaänderung (2)
- Astrophotonik (2)
- Astrophysik (2)
- Atmosphärendynamik (2)
- Atmosphärenmodellierung (2)
- Auger electron spectroscopy (2)
- Auger–Meitner (2)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (2)
- Bakterien (2)
- Benetzung (2)
- Blocking (2)
- Boltzmann distribution (2)
- Bose-Einstein condensation (2)
- Bragg peak (2)
- Brillouin scattering (2)
- Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion (2)
- Casimir-Polder interaction (2)
- Charge recombination (2)
- Chebyshev inequality (2)
- Chemotaxis (2)
- Chromosphere (2)
- Climate Change (2)
- Comb model (2)
- Complementarity (2)
- Computed tomography (2)
- Computertomographie (2)
- Coster–Kronig (2)
- Crab Nebula (2)
- Crystallization (2)
- Debye screening (2)
- Dictyostelium (2)
- Disorder (2)
- Displays (2)
- Donor-Acceptor (DA) interface (2)
- Donor-acceptor copolymers (2)
- Doping (2)
- Dynamical systems (2)
- Dynamik (2)
- Dynamische Systeme (2)
- Dynamo (2)
- Eigenspannung (2)
- Electrets (2)
- Electrical properties and parameters (2)
- Elektret (2)
- Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit (2)
- Equilibrium-line altitudes (2)
- Erdbeben (2)
- Extremereignisse (2)
- Ferroelektret (2)
- Ferroelektrika (2)
- Filament (2)
- Filamente (2)
- Freie-Elektronen-Laser (2)
- Frequenzkonversion (2)
- Gammastrahlung (2)
- Gammastrahlungsastronomie (2)
- Gaussian processes (2)
- Genetic programming (2)
- Graphen (2)
- Gravitationslinsen (2)
- Gravitationslinseneffekt (2)
- Greenland (2)
- Grenzschicht (2)
- H II regions (2)
- Hochdruck (2)
- Hong-Ou-Mandel effect (2)
- Hysteresis (2)
- ISM (2)
- ISM: kinematics and dynamics (2)
- ISM: structure (2)
- ISOS-L-1I protocol (2)
- In-situ Experimente (2)
- Indian Monsoon (2)
- Indischer Monsun (2)
- Integrierte Bewertung (2)
- Jets (2)
- Keimbildung (2)
- Klima (2)
- Kolloides System (2)
- Kompensatoren (2)
- Komplexe Systeme (2)
- Kopplung (2)
- Krebsnebel (2)
- Kuramoto (2)
- Kuramoto-Modell (2)
- LDPE nanocomposites (2)
- Laserstrahlschmelzen (2)
- Levy flights (2)
- Lokalisierung (2)
- Löschkurve (2)
- Magnetism (2)
- Magnetohydrodynamik (2)
- Membran (2)
- Meteorologie (2)
- Microlensing (2)
- Mikrolinsen (2)
- Mode function (2)
- Modellierung (2)
- Molekularer Motor (2)
- Monsun (2)
- Monte Carlo simulation (2)
- Morphogenese (2)
- Morphologie (2)
- NAP-XPS (2)
- NLO (2)
- Network reconstruction (2)
- Nichtgleichgewicht (2)
- Nitrogen (2)
- Noise-induced phenomena (2)
- Nonlinear Dynamics (2)
- OLED (2)
- Organic semiconductors (2)
- Organic solar cells (2)
- Orgelpfeife (2)
- Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process (2)
- Oszillatoren (2)
- P(VDF-TrFE) (2)
- PDLC (2)
- PEDOT (2)
- Paläoklimatologie (2)
- Perowskit (2)
- Perowskit Solarzellen (2)
- Phase transitions (2)
- Phasenübergänge (2)
- Phononen (2)
- Phonons (2)
- Photoalignment (2)
- Photoorientierung (2)
- Photovoltaik (2)
- Piezoelektrizität (2)
- Plasmonics (2)
- Polyelectrolyte (2)
- Polypropylen (2)
- Quantendraht (2)
- Quantenfeldtheorie (2)
- Quantum optics (2)
- Quasar (2)
- Radiation protection (2)
- Raman spectroscopy (2)
- Rauschinduzierte Phänomene (2)
- Rekonstruktionsmethoden (2)
- Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength (2)
- SEM (2)
- SHG (2)
- Selbstorganisation (2)
- Shockley-Queisser model (2)
- Silizium (2)
- Simulationen (2)
- Sonnenkorona (2)
- Spektroskopie (2)
- Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (2)
- Sterne (2)
- Sternentwicklung (2)
- Sternwinde (2)
- Stochastische Resonanz (2)
- Stochastischer Prozess (2)
- Strahlungsgürtel (2)
- Strahlungstransport (2)
- Substrat (2)
- Sun: activity (2)
- Sun: chromosphere (2)
- Supernovaüberrest (2)
- Supraleiter (2)
- Svalbard (2)
- Synchronisierung (2)
- Synchronization control (2)
- TIG-welding (2)
- Theorie von Förster (2)
- Thermal effects (2)
- Thermodynamic properties (2)
- VERITAS (2)
- Vacuum fields (2)
- Vesikel (2)
- Wechselwirkungsabstand (2)
- Wiederkehrdiagramme (2)
- Wissenschaftstheorie (2)
- X-ray absorption (2)
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy (2)
- X-ray emission (2)
- X-rays (2)
- activity (2)
- additive Fertigung (2)
- adhesion (2)
- ageing (2)
- anisotropy (2)
- approximate methods (2)
- arctic (2)
- aspect ratio (2)
- astronomical databases (2)
- astronomy (2)
- astrophysics (2)
- atmospheric modelling (2)
- atom chip (2)
- atomic force microscopy (AFM) (2)
- autocorrelation (2)
- autoregressive models (2)
- azobenzene surfactant (2)
- bandgap (2)
- bifurcation analysis (2)
- biological transport (2)
- bismuth (2)
- boundary layer (2)
- bumps (2)
- cambridge cb4 0wf (2)
- cambs (2)
- cavity quantum electrodynamics (2)
- cesium lead halides (2)
- chains (2)
- channel (2)
- charge-transfer (2)
- chemical modification (2)
- chimera (2)
- climate impacts (2)
- clustering (2)
- codifference (2)
- coefficient (2)
- coefficients (2)
- collective motion (2)
- comets: general (2)
- comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (2)
- compensation films (2)
- complementarity (2)
- complex (2)
- conductivity (2)
- confinement (2)
- conjugated polymers (2)
- consequences (2)
- convection (2)
- cooperative phenomena (2)
- cosmology (2)
- costs (2)
- critical avalanche dynamics (2)
- critical phenomena (2)
- crystal orientation (2)
- crystal structure (2)
- cylindrical geometry (2)
- dark matter (2)
- deep learning (2)
- dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (2)
- dielectrics (2)
- diffraction (2)
- diselenide (2)
- dispersion (2)
- displays (2)
- donor (2)
- droughts (2)
- dwarfs galaxies (2)
- dynamics simulation (2)
- economic network (2)
- electret (2)
- electrets (2)
- electromagnetic radiation (2)
- electron-transfer (2)
- elektronische Struktur (2)
- empirical modeling (2)
- energetic disorder (2)
- england (2)
- ensemble and time averaged mean squared displacement (2)
- entropy production (2)
- equation approach (2)
- excitonic materials (2)
- exoplanets (2)
- expanding medium (2)
- experiment (2)
- exploit (2)
- extremal values (2)
- extreme events (2)
- fastest first-passage time of N walkers (2)
- ferroelectret (2)
- ferroelectric polymers (2)
- ferroelectrics (2)
- fill factor losses (2)
- financial time series (2)
- finite-size effects (2)
- first-hitting time (2)
- first-passage time distribution (2)
- first-reaction time (2)
- flagellum (2)
- fluctuations (2)
- fluorescence microscopy (2)
- fluorinated organic spacer (2)
- fractional dynamics (2)
- free-electron laser (2)
- galaxies: ISM (2)
- galaxies: abundances (2)
- galaxies: haloes (2)
- galaxies: nuclei (2)
- galaxies: starburst (2)
- gamma-ray astronomy (2)
- gamma-rays: galaxies (2)
- gamma-rays: general (2)
- gas (2)
- geladene Systeme (2)
- gene regulatory networks (2)
- generalised langevin equation (2)
- globular clusters: general (2)
- gradients (2)
- grafted polymers (2)
- gravitational lensing (2)
- heterojunction silicon solar cells (2)
- high-redshift (2)
- high-school education (2)
- holography (2)
- hydrodynamics (2)
- hydrogels (2)
- in-situ testing (2)
- infrared thermography (2)
- initial data (2)
- inorganic perovskites (2)
- interaction distance (2)
- interface engineering (2)
- interface recombination (2)
- jets (2)
- kinetics (2)
- kooperative Phänomene (2)
- large-deviation statistic (2)
- laser powder bed fusion (2)
- laser pulses (2)
- lattice dynamics (2)
- linearized gravity (2)
- living cells (2)
- magnetic proximity effect (2)
- magnetization dynamics (2)
- material (2)
- mathematical modeling (2)
- mathematische Modellierung (2)
- maximum and range (2)
- mean versus most probable reaction times (2)
- mechanobiology (2)
- membrane channel (2)
- memory and delay (2)
- memory effects (2)
- metal halide perovskites (2)
- meteorology (2)
- milton rd (2)
- mixed boundary conditions (2)
- mobility (2)
- molecular bottle brushes (2)
- monte-carlo (2)
- motility (2)
- nanoscale heat transfer (2)
- narrow escape problem (2)
- negative thermal expansion (2)
- neural networks (2)
- neuronal networks (2)
- neutron stars (2)
- nichtlineare Datenanalyse (2)
- nichtlineare Dynamik (2)
- nichtlineare Optik (2)
- non-Gaussian diffusion (2)
- non-Gaussianity (2)
- non-Langevin recombination (2)
- non-destructive evaluation (2)
- non-equilibrium (2)
- nonlinear time series analysis (2)
- nonlocal coupling (2)
- nonradiative voltage losses (2)
- optical spectroscopy (2)
- organic semiconductor (2)
- organische Elektronik (2)
- organische Halbleiter (2)
- origins (2)
- oscillations (2)
- osmotic-pressure (2)
- outflows (2)
- ozone (2)
- particle physics (2)
- particles (2)
- perovskite (2)
- phase (2)
- phase purity (2)
- phase synchronization (2)
- photo-orientation (2)
- photoalignment (2)
- photocontrol (2)
- photoelectron (2)
- photofragmentation (2)
- photon recycling (2)
- photostability (2)
- picosecond ultrasonics (2)
- piezoelectric sensors (2)
- piezoelectricity (2)
- plasma instabilities (2)
- plasmas (2)
- polyelectrolyte adsorption (2)
- porosity (2)
- posttranslational protein translocation (2)
- pp-wave solutions (2)
- pre-service teachers (2)
- processing (2)
- professional knowledge (2)
- protein search (2)
- proteins (2)
- pump-probe spectroscopy (2)
- quantum mechanics (2)
- quantum optics (2)
- quantum thermodynamics (2)
- quasar (2)
- quasi-Fermi level (2)
- quasi-Fermi level splitting (2)
- quasi-steady-state photoinduced absorptions (2)
- quenching curve (2)
- radiative limit (2)
- random-walk (2)
- random-walks (2)
- rare-earth metals (2)
- reaction cascade (2)
- recombinations (2)
- reconstruction methods (2)
- rectification (2)
- recurrence (2)
- recurrence analysis (2)
- recurrence plots (2)
- recurrence quantification analysis (2)
- reduced dimensionality (2)
- reduzierte Dimensionalität (2)
- reflecting boundary conditions (2)
- relativistic processes (2)
- relaxor-ferroelectric polymer (2)
- relaxor-ferroelectric polymers (2)
- repertory grid (2)
- ring current (2)
- ring current electrons (2)
- rolling adhesion (2)
- royal soc chemistry (2)
- schwarze Löcher (2)
- science park (2)
- selective laser melting (SLM) (2)
- seperation (2)
- sequence-controlled polymers (2)
- shell-like geometries (2)
- silicon (2)
- single chain folding (2)
- single trajectories (2)
- single trajectory analysis (2)
- single-particle tracking (2)
- single-stranded-dna (2)
- soft X-ray beamline (2)
- soft X-ray spectroscopy (2)
- solar coronal mass ejections (2)
- solar storm (2)
- solid-state nanopores (2)
- soliton (2)
- space charge (2)
- space-dependent diffusivity (2)
- spin- and angle-resolved photoemission (2)
- spin-orbit coupling (2)
- splitting (2)
- spontaneous parametric down-conversion (2)
- stars: AGB and post-AGB (2)
- stars: activity (2)
- stars: black holes (2)
- stars: chemically peculiar (2)
- stars: emission-line, Be (2)
- stars: fundamental parameters (2)
- stars: kinematics and dynamics (2)
- stars: low-mass (2)
- stars: magnetic field (2)
- stars: mass-loss (2)
- stars: rotation (2)
- stars: solar-type (2)
- stars: winds (2)
- stationary stochastic process (2)
- statistische Physik (2)
- stellar content (2)
- stellar coronal mass ejections (2)
- stellar evolution (2)
- stellar winds (2)
- stochastic dynamics (2)
- stochastic models (2)
- stochastic process (2)
- structured polynucleotides (2)
- submillimetre: ISM (2)
- substrate (2)
- supernova remnant (2)
- supernova remnants (2)
- surface states (2)
- surveys (2)
- synchrotron X-ray diffraction (2)
- synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography (2)
- synthesis (2)
- tandem solar cells (2)
- tau proteins (2)
- teacher education (2)
- temperature (2)
- temperature dependence (2)
- texture (2)
- theory (2)
- theory of Förster (2)
- thermal (2)
- thermally stimulated discharge (2)
- thermodynamics (2)
- thick junctions (2)
- thomas graham house (2)
- time (2)
- time averaging (2)
- time-averaged mean squared displacement (2)
- time-series analysis (2)
- tissue growth (2)
- titanium dioxide (2)
- tomography (2)
- tracking (2)
- transfer dynamics (2)
- transient chaos (2)
- ultrafast molecular dynamics (2)
- ultrafast phenomena (2)
- ultrafast photoacoustics (2)
- ultrafast spectroscopy (2)
- ultraschnelle Dynamik (2)
- ultraviolet: ISM (2)
- vacuum fields (2)
- vesicle (2)
- wave-particle interactions (2)
- waves (2)
- wetting (2)
- work function (2)
- x-ray diffraction (2)
- x-ray spectroscopy (2)
- Überschwemmungen (2)
- 'Reduced-Form' Modellierung (1)
- 'coupling sensitivity' (1)
- (high-)voltage measurements (1)
- (magnetohydrodynamics) MHD (1)
- 1 (1)
- 1,3,4-oxadiazole (1)
- 15 (1)
- 16 (1)
- 2D Systeme (1)
- 2D Transport (1)
- 2D transport (1)
- 2d systems (1)
- 3 (1)
- 3 body recombination (1)
- 30S subunit (1)
- 3D Modellierung (1)
- 3D Systeme (1)
- 3D field calculations (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- 3D tomography (1)
- 3D-Feldsimulationen (1)
- 3D-modeling (1)
- 3d metals (1)
- 3d systems (1)
- 4-oxadiazol (1)
- 4-oxadiazole (1)
- 4T (1)
- 7924 (1)
- 7934 (1)
- 7959 (1)
- AFM (1)
- AI (1)
- AMALi (1)
- APCI (1)
- ARTOF (1)
- ATP hydrolysis (1)
- ATP-Hydrolyse (1)
- Abbau von Boten-RNS (1)
- Absorptionsspektroskopie (1)
- Abwärme (1)
- Accelerator mass spectrometry (1)
- Accretion (1)
- Acoustic probing of electric-field profiles (1)
- Actin cytoskeleton dynamics (1)
- Adam-Delbruck scenario (1)
- Adhesion (1)
- Adhäsionscluster (1)
- Adsorptionsschichten (1)
- Aerosol und Wolken Lidar (1)
- Agglomerate (1)
- Agglomeration (1)
- Aggregate states (1)
- Aggregates (1)
- Airborne Aerosol and Cloud Lidar (1)
- Airless bodies (1)
- Akkretionsscheiben (1)
- Aktinfilamente (1)
- Aktivität (1)
- Aktuation (1)
- Akustik (1)
- Alfv´en mode MHD turbulence (1)
- Alfv´en-Modus MHD-Turbulenz (1)
- Alignment (1)
- Alkane (1)
- All-polymer heterojunctions (1)
- Allgemeine Zirkulation (1)
- Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (1)
- Alpha-Effekt (1)
- Alternating copolymers (1)
- Alternative Akzeptorpolymere (1)
- Ambipolar charge transport (1)
- Ambipolar materials (1)
- Amphiphile Verbindungen (1)
- Anderson (1)
- Angle- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (1)
- Anharmonizität (1)
- Annealing (metallurgy) (1)
- Annealing treatment (1)
- Anomal (1)
- Anomalous (1)
- Anomalous diffusion (1)
- Anomalous diffusion exponent (1)
- Anomalous transport (1)
- Anrege-Abtast Spektroskopie (1)
- Anregungs-Abfrage-Experiment (1)
- Anregungs-Abfrage-Spektroskopie (1)
- Answer Set Programming (1)
- Antarctic (1)
- Anthropocene (1)
- Antibiotika-Toleranz (1)
- Antibiotikaresistenz (1)
- Antiferromagnetisch (1)
- Antiferromagnetismus (1)
- Antrieb (1)
- Aqueous solution (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Arctic Haze (1)
- Arctic Oscillation (1)
- Arctic aerosol (1)
- Arctic atmosphere (1)
- Arctic boundary layer (1)
- Arctic haze (1)
- Arctic-midlatitude linkages (1)
- Arktische Nebel (1)
- Arktische Oszillation (1)
- Aromaticity (1)
- Aromatizität (1)
- Assemblierung (1)
- Astrobiologie (1)
- Astrometrie (1)
- Astronomical instrumentation (1)
- Astroparticle physics (1)
- Astrophotonics (1)
- Astrophysics (1)
- Asymmetric warming (1)
- Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (1)
- Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation (1)
- Atlantischer Ozean (1)
- Atmosphärenforschung (1)
- Atom chip (1)
- Atom-Chips (1)
- Atom-Oberflächenwechselwirkung (1)
- Atomchip (1)
- Atomic force microscopy (1)
- Atomoptik (1)
- Attraktorrekonstruktion (1)
- Au(111) (1)
- Augenbewegungen (1)
- Auger decay (1)
- Auger electron spectroscop (1)
- Auger-Meitner electron spectroscopy (1)
- Ausbreitung (1)
- Ausbreitung der kosmischen Strahlung (1)
- Ausbreitung planetarer Wellen (1)
- Autokorrelation (1)
- Azobenenzen (1)
- Azobenzen (1)
- Azobenzene (1)
- Azobenzol-haltiges Tensid (1)
- Azobenzolhaltige Polymerfilme (1)
- BESSY II (1)
- BESSY II. (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (B2 1215+30, VER J1217+301) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (BL Lacertae = VER J2202+422) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (HESS J1943+213, VER J1943+213) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (TXS 0506+056, VER J0509+057) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501 (1)
- Backbone modifications (1)
- Bandenenergien (1)
- Bandenprofil (1)
- Barokline Instabilität (1)
- Bayesian Model Averaging (1)
- Bayesian estimation (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bayessche Schätzer (1)
- Bayessche Statistik (1)
- Beam dynamics (1)
- Begleitgalaxien (1)
- Bemessungshochwasser (1)
- Bending energy (1)
- Benetzungsübergang (1)
- Bessel functions (1)
- Beta-eucryptite (1)
- Beugung niederenergetischer Elektronen (1)
- Bi2Se3 (1)
- Bi2Te3 (1)
- Biegeenergie (1)
- Bifurkationsanalyse (1)
- Bilanz (1)
- Bilayer solar cells (1)
- Bilddatenanalyse (1)
- Bilirubin oxidase (1)
- Bindungsinteraktion (1)
- Bio-Hybrid (1)
- Bio-Hybridsystem (1)
- Biological Physics (1)
- Biomechanik (1)
- Biomembranen (1)
- Biomoleküle (1)
- Biopolymere (1)
- Bistability (1)
- Bistabilität (1)
- Black– Scholes model (1)
- Blasendomänen (1)
- Bleihalogenid-Perowskite (BHP) (1)
- Bloch-Torrey equation (1)
- Blockcopolymere (1)
- Bogoliubov theory (1)
- Bogoliubov-Theorie (1)
- Booster cavity (1)
- Bose-Einstein Kondensation (1)
- Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) (1)
- Bose-Einstein-Kondensation (1)
- Bosegas (1)
- Boundary value problem (1)
- Brain Code (1)
- Breathing chimera states (1)
- Brechungsindex von Azobenzol-haltigen Tensiden (1)
- Brillouin Streuung (1)
- Brillouin zone (BZ) (1)
- Brillouin-Zone (BZ) (1)
- Brownian diffusion (1)
- Brownian motors (1)
- Budgetstudie (1)
- Bulge (1)
- C-Fluss (1)
- C-Senke (1)
- C60 (1)
- CALIPSO (1)
- CDA (1)
- CH3NH3SnI3 (1)
- CLSM (1)
- CMAS (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CT (1)
- CT Komplex (1)
- CT complex (1)
- CVD (1)
- Capacitance spectroscopy (1)
- Capsule (1)
- Carbonfaser Herstellung (1)
- Carrier dynamics (1)
- Cascading (1)
- Casimir effect (1)
- Casimir-Effekt (1)
- Casimir-Polder Wechselwirkung (1)
- Casimir-Polder-Interaktion (1)
- Cassini (1)
- Cassini<Raumsonde> (1)
- Catalysis (1)
- Cations (1)
- Cattaneo equation (1)
- Ce/Zr (1)
- Cellular polypropylene (PP) (1)
- Central asia (1)
- Cepstrum (1)
- Ceramics (1)
- Chalcopyrite (1)
- Chalkopyrit (1)
- Chaos synchronization (1)
- Chaostheorie (1)
- Chaotic dynamics (1)
- Chaotische Dynamik (1)
- Chaotische Oszillationen (1)
- Chaotische Sattel (1)
- Charge Transport (1)
- Charge extraction (1)
- Charge generation (1)
- Charge separation (1)
- Charge stability (1)
- Charge storage and transport (1)
- Charge transport (1)
- Charge-Storage (1)
- Charge-transfer state (1)
- Charged Systems (1)
- Charging or poling (1)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (1)
- Chemical physics (1)
- Chemically patterned surfaces (1)
- Chemie-Transport-Modell (1)
- Chemotaxsis (1)
- Cherenkov showers (1)
- Cherenkov-Schauern (1)
- Chimäre-Zustände (1)
- Chorus waves (1)
- Chromatin (1)
- Chromhexacarbonyl (1)
- Chromosphere, quiet (1)
- Chromosphäre (1)
- Circumplanetary dust (1)
- Climate (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Climate modeling (1)
- Climatology (1)
- Clock Tree Implementation (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Cobalt thin film (1)
- Coherence (1)
- Coherence-incoherence (1)
- Cohesive finite elements (1)
- Colorimetric analysis (1)
- Comb-lattice model (1)
- Comets (1)
- Comets composition (1)
- Comets nucleus (1)
- Compacton (1)
- Complex (1)
- Complex networks (1)
- Computed Tomography (1)
- Computer simulation (1)
- Computertomography (1)
- Condensation (1)
- Conducting polymers (1)
- Conformational disorder (1)
- Conic compartments (1)
- Continuous Wavelet Spectral Analysis (1)
- Convection (1)
- Convolutional neural networks (1)
- Copper Phthalocyanine (1)
- Correlation Analysis (1)
- Cosmogenic isotopes (1)
- Cosmogenic nuclides (1)
- Coupled oscillators (1)
- Covalent interaction (1)
- Creep (1)
- Cross-Recurrence-Plot (1)
- Crystalline phases (1)
- CuI (1)
- CuInS2 (1)
- Curie-transition (1)
- Cw electron beam (1)
- Cyclones (1)
- Cylindrical comb (1)
- Cytochrome c (1)
- DFB laser (1)
- DFB-Laser (1)
- DIC (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA-PAINT (1)
- DNA-Schädigung (1)
- DNS (1)
- DNS-Bindungsproteine (1)
- Damage (1)
- Dark Matter (1)
- Data Analysis (1)
- Data analysis (1)
- Datenassimilation (1)
- Decision Making under Ambiguity (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Degradation of messenger RNA (1)
- Dehnung (1)
- Deimos (1)
- Depolymerisation (1)
- Detergent (1)
- Dictyostelium discoideum (1)
- Dicytostelium (1)
- Dielectric hysteresis (1)
- Dielectric materials (1)
- Dielektrikum (1)
- Dielektrische Elastomeraktoren (1)
- Dielektrische Funktion (1)
- Dielektrische Nichtlinearitäten (1)
- Dielektrische Spektroskopie (1)
- Dielektrophorese (1)
- Differentielle Rotation (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Diffraktion (1)
- Diffusion NMR (1)
- Diffusion coefficients (1)
- Diffusion kosmischer Strahlung (1)
- Diffusioosmose (1)
- Diffusioosmosis (1)
- Diodenlaser (1)
- Dislocation motion (1)
- Disperse dyes (1)
- Dispersion (1)
- Dispersion force (1)
- Dispersionsrelationen (1)
- Dissertation (1)
- Domänen (1)
- Domänenwandbewegung (1)
- Donator-Akzeptor-Copolymere (1)
- Doped semiconductors (1)
- Doppelsterne (1)
- Dosimetrie (1)
- Double-jet (1)
- Dronning Maud Land (1)
- Druckgradient (1)
- Drude model (1)
- Dunkle Materie (1)
- Dunkler Materie (1)
- Dust (1)
- Dust dynamics (1)
- Dust sources and sinks (1)
- Dye transfer (1)
- Dynamic loading (1)
- Dynamical invariants (1)
- Dynamik der Atmosphäre (1)
- Dynamik in rumpfangeregten Zuständen (1)
- Dynamische Modellierung (1)
- Dynamoeffekt (1)
- Dysprosium (1)
- Dünnschichten (1)
- Dünnung (1)
- E-ring (1)
- E.coli (1)
- E7 (1)
- ECIS (1)
- EDXRD (1)
- EEG (1)
- EMIC (1)
- EOF (1)
- EULAG Model (1)
- Earth System trajectories (1)
- Echo-State Netzwerk (1)
- Econophysics (1)
- Edit-Distanz (1)
- Edwards-Anderson order parameter (1)
- Effekt (1)
- Effizienz (1)
- Einbettung (1)
- Eindimensionaler Festkörper (1)
- Einfluß des Sonnenwindes und des interplanetaren magnetischen Feldes (1)
- Einstein's field equations (1)
- Einsteins Feldgleichungen (1)
- Einzel-Objekt-Nachweis (1)
- Einzelmolekül-Biosensor (1)
- Einzelmolekülspektroskopie (1)
- Einzelzellanalyse (1)
- Eisbergkalbung (1)
- Eisbohrkern (1)
- Eisen (1)
- Eisenpentacarbonyl (1)
- Eisrinne (1)
- Eisschildmodellierung (1)
- El Niño (1)
- El Niño Phänomen (1)
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (1)
- El Niño-Südliche Oszillation (1)
- El-Niño-Phänomen (1)
- Elastizität (1)
- Elastizitätstheorie (1)
- Electric polarization (1)
- Electric potential (1)
- Electrical insulation (1)
- Electro-active and electro-passive dielectrics (1)
- Electroactive material (1)
- Electromagnetic Theory (1)
- Electron acceleration (1)
- Electron back-scattered diffraction (1)
- Electron populations (1)
- Electron transfer (1)
- Electron traps (1)
- Electronic noise (1)
- Electronic properties and materials (1)
- Electronics, photonics and device physics (1)
- Elektretfolie (1)
- Elektroaktive Materialien (1)
- Elektrolyte (1)
- Elektronen (1)
- Elektronenbeschleunigung (1)
- Elektronenrückstreubeugung (1)
- Elektronische Eigenschaft (1)
- Elementarteilchen (1)
- Embedding (1)
- Energetic disorder (1)
- Energie (1)
- Energieausbreitung (1)
- Energiebilanzmodell (1)
- Energieschätzung (1)
- Energy (1)
- Energy science and technology (1)
- Energy-level alignment (1)
- Ensemble-Simulation (1)
- Ensemblesimulationen (1)
- Epidemic spreading models (1)
- Epidemien (1)
- Epoxy resin (1)
- Epoxy resins (1)
- Equilibrium (1)
- Erdbebenvorhersage (1)
- Erdsystem Modellierung (1)
- European storm-time model (1)
- Evolutionen (1)
- Excited-state calculations; (1)
- Exoplaneten (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Experimental techniques (1)
- Experimente (1)
- Experimentierkompetenz (1)
- Experimentierzyklus (1)
- Explainable AI (1)
- External quantum efficiency (1)
- Extrasolare Planeten (1)
- Extreme precipitation (1)
- Extremniederschläge (1)
- Exziton-Dissoziation (1)
- FARIMA (1)
- FELS (1)
- False negative (1)
- False positive (1)
- Faltung von Proteinen (1)
- Faltungsdynamik (1)
- Fe2TiO5 (1)
- Feedback control (1)
- Feld (1)
- Feld-Effekt-Transistoren (1)
- Femtosekundenlaser-Bearbeitungsmethode (1)
- Fensteransatz (1)
- Fermi-level alignment (1)
- Fermi-level pinning (1)
- Fernerkundung (1)
- Ferroelectrets (1)
- Ferroelectrics (1)
- Ferroelektrik (1)
- Ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- Ferroelektrizität (1)
- Ferromagnetismus (1)
- Festkörperlaser (1)
- Festkörperphysik (1)
- Feuchtesensor (1)
- Fibre-fed spectroscopy (1)
- Field emission (1)
- Filament-Bündel (1)
- Filaments (1)
- Finite Differenzen (1)
- Finsler geometry (1)
- Fixation (1)
- Flagellenbewegung (1)
- Flashing ratchets (1)
- Flims (1)
- Flooding probability (1)
- Flow (1)
- Flugzeug Lidar (1)
- Fluktuationen (1)
- Fluktuations-Dissipations-Theorem (1)
- Fluoreszenz-Mikroskopie (1)
- Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (1)
- Fluorpolymere (1)
- Flussfotolyse (1)
- Flüssigkristall (1)
- Flüssigkristalle (1)
- Fokalkontakt (1)
- Fokker– Planck equation (1)
- Forcemyography (1)
- Formgleichungen von Vesikeln (1)
- Forschend Entdeckendes Lernen (1)
- Fouriertransformation (1)
- Fox H-function (1)
- Fox H-functions (1)
- Fractal (1)
- Fractal dimension (1)
- Fractals (1)
- Fractional Brownian motion (1)
- Fraktale (1)
- Frank-Condon analysis (1)
- Free Electron Laser (1)
- Free-electron-laser science (1)
- Freie Elektronen Laser (1)
- Frequenzstabilisierung (1)
- GEANT4 modeling (1)
- GMR sensors (1)
- Gadolinium (1)
- Galaxie (1)
- Galaxie: allgemein (1)
- Galaxien (1)
- Galaxies: high-redshift (1)
- Galaxies: interactions (1)
- Galaxy: center (1)
- Galaxy: general (1)
- Galaxy: structure (1)
- Gammaastronomie (1)
- Gardner equation (1)
- Gas phase (1)
- Geige (1)
- Generalized Langevin equation (1)
- Generierung freier Ladungsträger (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genetisches Programmieren (1)
- Genregulation (1)
- Geodynamo (1)
- Gewebewachstum (1)
- Ginzburg-Landau lattice (1)
- Gitter (1)
- Gittermodelle (1)
- Gitterstreuung (1)
- Glaciation (1)
- Glaciation Central Asia (1)
- Global coupling (1)
- Gold (1)
- Gold-Nanopartikel (1)
- Gold@polydopamine (1)
- Goldsubstrat (1)
- Gradient Boosting (1)
- Grain-size distributions (1)
- Granite (1)
- Granular chain (1)
- Granulation (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphentheorie (1)
- Gratings (1)
- Gravitation (1)
- Gravitationskollaps (1)
- Green function (1)
- Green's function (1)
- Green’ s functions (1)
- Grenzflächen (1)
- Grenzflächenrekombination (1)
- Gruppenfeldtheorie (1)
- HRTEM (1)
- HTL (1)
- Haake-Lewenstein-Wilkens approach (1)
- Habitabilität (1)
- Halbleiter / Kristallgitter / Verzerrung / Röntgenbeugung / Synchrotronstrahlung (1)
- Halogenbindung (1)
- Hamilton (1)
- Hamiltonian (1)
- Heat Transfer (1)
- Helizität (1)
- Hermite polynomial expansion (1)
- Heterogeneous (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- Heusler-Legierung (1)
- Heusler-alloy (1)
- Hexagonal grid (1)
- Hierarchical Design (1)
- High specific surface area (1)
- Hilbert Scales (1)
- Hilbert-Transformation (1)
- Histon-DNS-Komplex (1)
- Histone-DNA Complexes (1)
- Hitzewellen (1)
- Hochenergiephysik (1)
- Hochleistungscomputer (1)
- Hochvakuum (1)
- Hofmeister (1)
- Hohlraum-Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Hohlraumeffekte (1)
- Holografie (1)
- Holographie (1)
- Holozän (1)
- Hooke's law (1)
- Hurst exponent (1)
- Hurst-Exponent (1)
- Hybrid materials (1)
- Hydraulic models (1)
- Hydraulic networks (1)
- Hydrodynamics (1)
- Hydrodynamik (1)
- Hydrodynamischer Fluss (1)
- Hydrodynamisches Modell (1)
- Hydrogen activation (1)
- Hydrolyse (1)
- Hypernetwork (1)
- Hyperschall (1)
- Hyperschall Propagation (1)
- Hysterese (1)
- IACT (1)
- ICLIPS (1)
- ICON (1)
- IMPTAM (1)
- IN718 (1)
- IR ellipsometry (1)
- IR spectroscopy (1)
- ISM : supernova remnants (1)
- ISM: general (1)
- ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5) (1)
- ISM: jets and outflows (1)
- ISM: lines and bands (1)
- IZO (1)
- Identifikation (1)
- Imprecise Probability (1)
- Impurity segregation (1)
- In-situ (1)
- In-situ Rasterkraftmikroskopie (1)
- Inconel 718 (1)
- India (1)
- Indian summer monsoon (1)
- Indischer Sommer-Monsun (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Infrarot (1)
- Infrarot Spektroskopie (1)
- Inner magnetosphere (1)
- Instabilität (1)
- Instabiltät (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Instrumentation and data management (1)
- Insulators (1)
- Integral field spectroscopy (1)
- Integrated spectrograph (1)
- Interaction (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Interdisciplinary Physics (1)
- Interface dipole (1)
- Interface-Engineering (1)
- Interfaces (1)
- Interfacial strength (1)
- Interferometry (1)
- Interlayer (1)
- Intermittency (1)
- Intermolecular deactivation (1)
- Intermolekulare Desaktivierung (1)
- Internal stress (1)
- Interplanetary dust (1)
- Interstellar medium (1)
- Interstellare Materie (1)
- Intervallwahrscheinlichkeit (1)
- Intrachain order (1)
- Intragap states (1)
- Invariance (1)
- Invarianz (1)
- Inversanalyse (1)
- Ionenspezifisch (1)
- Ionenverteilungen (1)
- Ionic Self-Assembly (1)
- Ionisches Tensid (1)
- Ionosphere (1)
- Ionosphäre (1)
- Ir(111) (1)
- Irradiation (1)
- Isotroper schneller Modus Turbulenzen (1)
- Iterative Airborne Lidar Inversion (1)
- Iterative reconstruction (1)
- Jahreszeitenvorhersage (1)
- Janus Partikel (1)
- Janus particle (1)
- Jetstream (1)
- Junction model (1)
- K-Kanten Weichröntgenspektroskopie (1)
- K-edge soft X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- Kaskade (1)
- Kaskadenrate (1)
- Kegelförmige Geometrien (1)
- Keimbildung und Wachstum (1)
- Kelvin probe (1)
- Khalerchinskaya tundra (1)
- Kinetik (1)
- Kleinwinkelröntgenstreuung (1)
- Klima / Umweltschutz (1)
- Klimadaten (1)
- Klimafolgen (1)
- Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Klimamodell (1)
- Klimamodell mittlerer Komplexität (1)
- Klimanetzwerke (1)
- Klimaphysik (1)
- Klimaprognose (1)
- Klimasensitivität (1)
- Klimavariabilität (1)
- Klimawirkungsfunktionen (1)
- Knickinstabilität (1)
- Knochen (1)
- Knospung (1)
- Kobalt (1)
- Kobalt-Dünnfilm (1)
- Kohlenstoffzyklus (1)
- Kohnen (1)
- Kohärenz (1)
- Kohärenz-Analyse (1)
- Kohärenztheorie (1)
- Kollisionsdynamik (1)
- Kolloid / Lösung (1)
- Kolloidphysik (1)
- Komplex (1)
- Komplexe Netzwerke (1)
- Kondensation (1)
- Konformationsselektion (1)
- Kongsfjord (1)
- Konjugierte Polymere (1)
- Konjugierten polyelektrolyt (1)
- Kontaktschichten (1)
- Kontrastwerte (1)
- Kontrolltheorie (1)
- Konvektion (1)
- Konzentration (1)
- Kopplung zwischen Magnetosphäre, Ionosphäre und Thermosphäre (1)
- Kopplungs-Analyse (1)
- Korngrößenverteilungen (1)
- Kp index (1)
- Kraftdipol (1)
- Kraftdipole (1)
- Kraftmikroskopie (1)
- Kristallisation (1)
- Kristallstruktur (1)
- Kupferphthalocyanin (1)
- Kuramoto Modell (1)
- Kurzzeitspektroskopie mit optischer Anregung und Röntgendetektion (1)
- Körperschall (1)
- L-edge spectroscopy (1)
- LEED (1)
- LLG equation (1)
- LLS (1)
- LSTM (1)
- Labialpfeife (1)
- Laboratory astrophysics (1)
- Labradorsee ; Thermohaline Konvektion ; Stochastisches Modell (1)
- Ladungsgenerierung (1)
- Ladungsrekombination (1)
- Ladungsspeicherung (1)
- Ladungsspeicherung und -transport (1)
- Ladungsträger (1)
- Ladungsträgerdynamik (1)
- Ladungsträgerrekombination (1)
- Lakunen (1)
- Land-sea thermal contrast (1)
- Langmuir (1)
- Langmuir monolayer (1)
- Large deviation statistics (1)
- Laser (1)
- Laser powder bed fusion (1)
- Last Glacial Maximum (1)
- Leerlaufspannung (1)
- Legierung (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Lehrerfortbildung (1)
- Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- Leistungsspektrum (1)
- Leitplankenansatz (1)
- Leitungsbandstruktur (1)
- Lernumgebung (1)
- Letztes Glaziales Maximum (1)
- Levy flight (1)
- Ligand-field state (1)
- Ligands (1)
- Line Suche (1)
- Lipidmembran (1)
- Liquid crystal (1)
- Localization (1)
- Localization regime (1)
- Localized chaos (1)
- Loop-Quantengravitation (1)
- Low Energy Electron Diffraction (1)
- Low carbon steel (1)
- Luftmassentransport (1)
- Lyapunov exponents (1)
- Lyapunov-Exponenten (1)
- Lyman-Alpha-Emitter (1)
- Lyman-alpha emitters (1)
- Lysozyme (1)
- Längsschnittstudie (1)
- Lévy flights (1)
- Lévy walks (1)
- Lösung (1)
- Lösungsassemblierung (1)
- Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit (1)
- MATROSHKA-R (1)
- MBE (1)
- MD simulations (1)
- MD-Simulationen (1)
- MHD ; Röntgenstrahlung ; Jets ; AGN ; Mikro-Quasare (1)
- MHD ; X-rays ; Jets ; AGN ; Microquasars (1)
- MHD-Simulationen (1)
- MHD-Simulations (1)
- MHD-equations (1)
- MOPA (1)
- MRI (1)
- Machine learning control (1)
- Magellanic Cloud (1)
- Magnesiumoxid (1)
- Magnetfeld-Satellit (1)
- Magnetfelderzeugung (1)
- Magnetic field measurements (1)
- Magnetic fields (1)
- Magnetic stray field (1)
- Magnetische Felder (1)
- Magnetische Feldmessungen (1)
- Magneto-Optik (1)
- Magnetoelastizität (1)
- Magnetokonvektion (1)
- Magnetometer-Kalibrierung (1)
- Magnetosomen-Ketten (1)
- Magnetospheric physics (1)
- Magnetostriktion (1)
- Major mergers (1)
- Makroökonomische Modellierung (1)
- Mannigfaltigkeiten (1)
- Markov additive processes (1)
- Markov process (1)
- Markov state models (1)
- Markov-Prozess (1)
- Markov-Prozesse (1)
- Markowketten (1)
- Mars (1)
- Massenaussterben (1)
- Master-Gleichungen (1)
- Mastergleichung (1)
- Material (1)
- Materialeinflüsse (1)
- Mathematikdidaktik (1)
- Mathematisches Modell (1)
- Maximum entropy method (1)
- Maximum likelihood estimation (1)
- Mean-field Theorie (1)
- Mechanische Eigenschaft (1)
- Mechanosensitive proteins (1)
- Mechanosensitiven Proteine (1)
- Mechanosensor (1)
- Mechanotransduktion (1)
- Meereis (1)
- Meeresspiegel (1)
- Mehrfachstreuung (1)
- Mehrschichtsystem (1)
- Mehrschichtsysteme (1)
- Mehrstoffsystem (1)
- Membran-Adhäsionskräfte (1)
- Membranadhäsion (1)
- Membrane Fusion (1)
- Membrane fusion (1)
- Membrane tension (1)
- Membranen (1)
- Membranröhrchen (1)
- Membranspannung (1)
- Memory effects (1)
- Metal (1)
- Metal Halide Perovskites (1)
- Metal Halogenid Perowskiten (1)
- Metal matrix composite (1)
- Metall (1)
- Metall-Isolator-Halbleiter (1)
- Metall/Graphen/Polymer Grenzfläch (1)
- Metalle der seltenen Erden (1)
- Metals (1)
- Meyer-Neldel-Regel (1)
- Meyer-Neldel-rule (1)
- MgO nanoparticles (1)
- Micelle (1)
- Microcracked ceramics (1)
- Micromechanical modeling (1)
- Micromechanical schemes (1)
- Micropipetten (1)
- Microschwimmer (1)
- Microscopic morphology (1)
- Microstructure (1)
- Microstructure and (1)
- Microstructure and texture (1)
- Mid-temperature transition (1)
- Mikrogravitationslinseneffekt (1)
- Mikrokanal (1)
- Mikrokapsel (1)
- Mikrolensing (1)
- Mikrometeorologie (1)
- Mikrosakkaden (1)
- Mikroschwimmer (1)
- Mikroskopie (1)
- Milchstrasse (1)
- Min-Proteine (1)
- Min-proteins (1)
- Mineralisierung (1)
- Minimax convergence rates (1)
- Mischphasenwolken (1)
- Mischung (1)
- Mittag-Leffler function (1)
- Mittag-Leffler functions (1)
- Mitteltemperaturübergang (1)
- Mixing (1)
- MoS2 (1)
- MoS₂ (1)
- Mobility imbalance (1)
- Mobility relaxation (1)
- Modal expansion method (1)
- Model structural error (1)
- Modelierung (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modellierung der internationalen Migration (1)
- Modellkopplung (1)
- Modellvalidierung (1)
- Modenkopplung (1)
- Modenstabilität (1)
- Molar water content (1)
- Molecular Aging (1)
- Molecular Beam Epitaxy (1)
- Molecular crowding (1)
- Molecular motors (1)
- Molecular structure (1)
- Molecules (1)
- Molekulare Motoren (1)
- Molekulares Altern (1)
- Molekularstrahlepitaxie (1)
- Moleküldynamik (1)
- Molybdenum sulfide monolayer (1)
- Molybdänsulfid Monolagen (1)
- Monolage (1)
- Monte Carlo (1)
- Monte Carlo simulations (1)
- Monte-Carlo-Simulationen (1)
- Moonlight (1)
- Moran effect (1)
- Moran-Effekt (1)
- Morawetz estimate (1)
- Morawetz-Schätzung (1)
- Motility-Assay (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Motorgeschwindigkeit (1)
- Motorik (1)
- Motorzyklus (1)
- Multi-Spektrum-Regularisierung (1)
- Multi-dimensional Markovian embedding of non-Markovian dynamics (1)
- Multi-object spectroscopy (1)
- Multilayers (1)
- Multimode fibres (1)
- Multiphase composites (1)
- Multiple Scattering (1)
- Multiple trapping model (1)
- Multiproteinkomplexbildung (1)
- Multiskale (1)
- Multistability (1)
- Multistabilität (1)
- Multivariate Analyse (1)
- Multivariate Statistics (1)
- Multivariate Statistik (1)
- Musikinstrumente (1)
- Musterbildung (1)
- Musterskalierung (1)
- N400 (1)
- NLP (1)
- NMR (1)
- NTCM (1)
- Nano-Elektroden (1)
- Nano-dielectrics (1)
- Nanofluid (1)
- Nanokomposite (1)
- Nanomaterialien (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanoreactor (1)
- Nanofluid (1)
- Near-Field Optics (1)
- Network inference (1)
- Netzwerk Inferenz (1)
- Netzwerk Rekonstruktion (1)
- Netzwerktheorie (1)
- Neuronal synchrony (1)
- Neuronale Synchronisation (1)
- Neuronsreliabilität (1)
- Neurooscillators (1)
- Neutronendiffraktion (1)
- Neutronensterne (1)
- Neutronreflektometrie (1)
- Ni (1)
- Nicht-Isochronizität (1)
- Nicht-Langevin-Systeme (1)
- Nichtexponentieller Zerfall von mRNA (1)
- Nichtgleichgewichts-Phasenübergang (1)
- Nichtlinear angeregte Fluoreszenz (1)
- Nichtlineare Mikroskopie (1)
- Nichtlineare Optik (1)
- Nichtlineare Systeme (1)
- Nichtlineare Wellen (1)
- Nichtlineare Zeitreihenanalyse ; Signalanalyse - Polbewegung ; Chandler-Periode ; Nichtlineares Phänomen (1)
- Nichtlineares dynamisches System / Harmonische Analyse / Fraktal (1)
- Nickel-based (1)
- Nickel-based superalloy (1)
- Node degree distribution (1)
- Noise (1)
- Noise floor (1)
- Noisy oscillators (1)
- Non-Langevin systems (1)
- Non-Markovian processes (1)
- Non-exponential mRNA decay (1)
- Non-fullerene acceptors (1)
- Non-linear dielectric spectroscopy (1)
- Non-perturbative analysis (1)
- Nonisochronicity (1)
- Nonlinear analysis (1)
- Nonlinear dynamics (1)
- Nonlinear waves (1)
- Nonlinearity (1)
- Nonradiative recombination (1)
- Nordatlantik (1)
- North Atlantic (1)
- Nucleation (1)
- Nukleobasen (1)
- Numerische Relativitätstheorie (1)
- Numerisches Verfahren (1)
- Ny-Alesund (1)
- OFET (1)
- OGLE (1)
- OLEDs (1)
- Oberflächen-Brillouin-Zone (OBZ) (1)
- Oberflächenassemblierung (1)
- Oberflächenemissivität (1)
- Oberflächenfluss (1)
- Oberflächenphysik (1)
- Oberflächenzustände (1)
- Observations (1)
- Observing methods (1)
- On-Sky-Tests (1)
- Open-circuit voltage (1)
- Optical resonators (1)
- Optimierung (1)
- Opto-mechanische Spannungen (1)
- Optoelectronic devices and components (1)
- Optoelectronic properties (1)
- Optoelectronics (1)
- Organic LEDs (1)
- Organic Semiconductors (1)
- Organic Solar Cell (1)
- Organic electronics (1)
- Organic thermoelectrics (1)
- Organische Halbleiter (1)
- Orgelpfeifen (1)
- Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process (1)
- Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Prozess (1)
- Ortsauflösende Spektrofotometrie (1)
- Oscillation (1)
- Oscillators (1)
- Ott - Antonsen reduction (1)
- Ott-Antonsen equation (1)
- Ott-Antonsen reduction (1)
- Ott–Antonsen equation (1)
- Oxadiazolderivate ; Kristallstruktur ; Hochdruck ; UV-VIS-Spektroskopie ; Raman-Spektroskopie (1)
- Oxygen (1)
- Ozeanmodell (1)
- Ozonzabbau (1)
- P (1)
- P hasensynchronisierung (1)
- P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) (1)
- P300 (1)
- PAN (1)
- PBH (1)
- PBLG (1)
- PBT7 (1)
- PBTTT (1)
- PCPDTBT (1)
- PEDOT:PSS (1)
- PLANET (1)
- PNIPAm (1)
- PPV (1)
- PVDF-based polymers (1)
- Palaeoclimatology (1)
- Paleoclimate modeling (1)
- Paleoclimatology (1)
- Paleoklimatologie (1)
- Paläoklima (1)
- Parametric drift estimation (1)
- Parametrisierung (1)
- Pareto law (1)
- Partial synchrony (1)
- Partial wavelet coherence (1)
- Partially alternating copolymers (1)
- Particles precipitating (1)
- Particles trapped (1)
- Partikel (1)
- Partikeltransport (1)
- Percolation (1)
- Performanztest (1)
- Periodic solutions (1)
- Perkolation (1)
- Perovskite solar cell (1)
- Perovskite solar cells (1)
- Perowskit-Oxide (1)
- Persistenzlänge (1)
- Phase Diffusion (1)
- Phase dynamics (1)
- Phase modulation (1)
- Phase reconstruction (1)
- Phase-Analysis (1)
- Phasen Oszillatoren (1)
- Phasen-Amplituden Trennung (1)
- Phasen-Analyse (1)
- Phasen-Gleichungen (1)
- Phasen-Oszillatoren (1)
- Phasendemodulation (1)
- Phasendiffusion (1)
- Phasendynamik (1)
- Phasengleichverteilung (1)
- Phasenkopplung (1)
- Phasenkopplungen höherer Ordnung (1)
- Phasenoszillatoren (1)
- Phasenregel (1)
- Phasenspektrum (1)
- Phasentrennung (1)
- Phenomenology (1)
- Philosophy of Science (1)
- Phonon-Polariton (1)
- Phononen Dynamik (1)
- Phononen Dämpfung (1)
- Phononen Rückfaltung (1)
- Phononenstreuung (1)
- Photo-CELIV (1)
- Photoconductivity (1)
- Photocurrent (1)
- Photodissoziation (1)
- Photoelektronen (1)
- Photoelektronenmikroskopie (1)
- Photoelektronenmikroskopie (PEEM) (1)
- Photogeneration (1)
- Photon density wave spectroscopy (1)
- Photonic Crystals (1)
- Photonic devices (1)
- Photonische Kristalle (1)
- Photonischer Kristall (1)
- Photophysik (1)
- Photorefractive polymers (1)
- Photorefraktive Polymere (1)
- Photosphere (1)
- Photothermal conversion (1)
- Photovoltaic gap (1)
- Photovoltaics (1)
- Physical Implementation (1)
- Physics Education (1)
- Physik Lehramt (1)
- Physik der Musikinstrumente (1)
- Physik der weichen Materie (1)
- Phänomenologie (1)
- Phänotypische Heterogenität (1)
- Piezo-, Pyro-und Ferroelektrizität (1)
- Piezo1 (1)
- Piezo2 (1)
- Piezoelectrically generated Pressure Steps (PPSs) (1)
- Piezoelektrische Sensoren (1)
- Pikosekundenakustik (1)
- Pipe networks (1)
- Planetare Ringe (1)
- Planetary Rings (1)
- Planetary rings and tori (1)
- Planeten (1)
- Plasma Physics (1)
- Plasmaphysik (1)
- Plasmonik (1)
- Point Process (1)
- Polar 5 (1)
- Polar ozone (1)
- Polar vortex (1)
- Polarforschung (1)
- Polarisationsverteilung (1)
- Polarization (1)
- Polarization distribution (1)
- Polaron (1)
- Polartief (1)
- Polarwirbel (1)
- Polbewegung (1)
- Poly(vinylidenfluorid) (1)
- Poly-DADMAC (1)
- Polycrystals (1)
- Polydispersität (1)
- Polyelectrolyte Complexes (1)
- Polyelektrolytkomplexe (1)
- Polyethylen-Nanokomposite (1)
- Polyetlioxysiloxane (1)
- Polymer (1)
- Polymer Electronics (1)
- Polymer intermixing (1)
- Polymer solar cells (1)
- Polymer-Kristalle (1)
- Polymer-Plastik (1)
- Polymer-Solarzelle (1)
- Polymerbürsten (1)
- Polymere / Physik (1)
- Polymere auf PVDF-Basis (1)
- Polymerelektrete (1)
- Polymerelektronik (1)
- Polymerfilm (1)
- Polymerphysik (1)
- Polymers (1)
- Polymerschaum (1)
- Polypyrrol (1)
- Polyrhythmen (1)
- Polystyrol Nano-Sphären (1)
- Polysulfobetain (1)
- Polythiophen (1)
- Populationen (1)
- Populations (1)
- Populationsdynamik (1)
- Porositätsanalyse (1)
- Porphyrine (1)
- Porphyrins (1)
- Post-Newton (1)
- Post-transcriptional gene regulation (1)
- Posttranskriptionale Genregulation (1)
- Potsdam / Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Precursor (1)
- Primordiale Schwarzen Löchern (1)
- Probabilistic Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment (1)
- Probabilistic projections (1)
- Probability (1)
- Process analytical technology (1)
- Professionswissen (1)
- Prognose (1)
- Projektionen (1)
- Prominences (1)
- Prominences, magnetic field (1)
- Prominences, quiescent (1)
- Propeller (1)
- Protein Multilayer (1)
- Protein-Protein-Interaktion (1)
- Proteine (1)
- Proteinfaltung (1)
- Proteinkinetik (1)
- Protonendynamik molekularer Systeme (1)
- Protonentransfer in angeregten Zuständen (1)
- Protophase (1)
- Proxyunsicherheit (1)
- Proxyverständnis (1)
- Präkonzepte (1)
- Präparation fester Komplexe (1)
- Prästabilisierung (1)
- Pseudo-Voigt fit function (1)
- Pseudomonas putida (1)
- Pulse induced transparency (1)
- Pulszugformung (1)
- Pulverpartikelanalyse (1)
- Pump-Probe Spektroskopie (1)
- Punktdefekt (1)
- Pupil Remapper (1)
- PyTorch (1)
- Pyridone (1)
- Pyridones (1)
- Python (1)
- QPM (1)
- Quanten Optomechanik (1)
- Quanten-Elektrodynamik (QED) (1)
- Quantencomputer (1)
- Quantendegeneriert BEK FDS ultrakalte Atome (1)
- Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Quantenfluktuationen (1)
- Quantenwell (1)
- Quantum (1)
- Quantum Optics (1)
- Quantum Optomechanics (1)
- Quartz (1)
- Quasare (1)
- Quasi-Kondensat (1)
- Quiescent (1)
- Quiet (1)
- R-PE (1)
- RAMAN spectroscopy (1)
- RAMAN-Spektroskopie (1)
- REM (1)
- RF gun (1)
- RIXS at FELs (1)
- Radiation dose calculation (1)
- Radiation on the ISS (1)
- Radiation transfer model (1)
- Radiosensitization (1)
- Raman (1)
- Raman Streuung (1)
- Raman imaging (1)
- Raman scattering (1)
- Random Environments (1)
- Random Walk (1)
- Random Walks (1)
- Random-Walk-Theorie (1)
- Rapid thinning (1)
- Rauheit (1)
- Raumladungsfeld (1)
- Raumzeitgeometrie (1)
- Rauschinduzierte Anregbarkeit (1)
- Rauschinduzierte Oszillatonsunte (1)
- Reactive adsorption (1)
- Reactive coupling (1)
- Recombination losses (1)
- Recurrence Plot (1)
- Recurrence Plots (1)
- Recurrence plots (1)
- Recurrence quantification analysis (1)
- Recurrence-Plot (1)
- Reduced-Form Modeling (1)
- Reflective writing (1)
- Reflexionsmodell (1)
- Reflexionsqualität (1)
- Reflexionstiefe (1)
- Reflexivität (1)
- Regelung (1)
- Regge Kalkül (1)
- Regularisierung (1)
- Rekombination (1)
- Rekurrenz (1)
- Rekurrenzdarstellung (1)
- Rekurrenzen (1)
- Rekurrenzplot (1)
- Relativistische Astrophysik (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelectric (RF) fluoropolymers (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelectric polymer (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- Reliability of Neurons (1)
- Remagnetisierung (1)
- Renormierung (1)
- Reproducing kernel Hilbert space (1)
- Residual circulation (1)
- Residual stresses (1)
- Residue (1)
- Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (1)
- Resonanzfluoreszenz (1)
- Resonator (1)
- Resonator Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Responsive Polymere (1)
- Retrieval (1)
- Reversal (1)
- Rezeptor (1)
- Richardson Superdiffusion (1)
- Richardson-Superdiffusion (1)
- Ring (1)
- Ringe (1)
- Ringstrom (1)
- Ringstromelektronen (1)
- Risserkennung (1)
- Roberts flow (1)
- Roberts-Strömung (1)
- Robin boundary condition (1)
- Robotik (1)
- Roche (1)
- Roche Limit (1)
- Rock (1)
- Rocks (1)
- Rohr (1)
- Rohrresonator (1)
- Rollende Adhäsion (1)
- Rotationsbeschichtung (1)
- RsgA (1)
- Röntgen-Refraktions Bildgebung (1)
- Röntgenstrahlung (1)
- Rückkopplungskontrolle (1)
- SAXS (1)
- SCAPS-1D (1)
- SFG (1)
- SHPB (1)
- SIR model (1)
- SLM (1)
- SPMs (1)
- STM (1)
- Saddle Point (1)
- Sakkadendetektion (1)
- Saturn<Planet> (1)
- Scaling exponents (1)
- Scan strategies (1)
- Scanning transmission electron microscopy (1)
- Scattering breakdown (1)
- Schadstofftransport (1)
- Schallabstrahlung (1)
- Schaum (1)
- Schaumbildung (1)
- Schaumstabilität (1)
- Scheibe (1)
- Scher-Montroll Transport (1)
- Scher-Montroll transport (1)
- Schlecht gestelltes Problem (1)
- Schleifenschließung (1)
- Schottky junction (1)
- Schrödinger equation (1)
- Schwarze Löcher (1)
- Schwimmende Mikroorganismen (1)
- Schwingungsspektroskopie (1)
- Schwingungstilger (1)
- Schäume (1)
- Schülervorstellungen (1)
- Science Curriculum (1)
- Science education (1)
- Seasonal prediction (1)
- Seebeck coefficient (1)
- Seismizität (1)
- Selbstorganisierte Kritizität (1)
- Selbstähnlichkeit (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Shannon entropy (1)
- Shape equations of vesicles (1)
- Shock waves (1)
- Shockley-Read-Hall (1)
- Shocks (1)
- Si network disintegration (1)
- Signal processing (1)
- Signal transfer chain (1)
- Significance Testing (1)
- Signifikanztests (1)
- Silica source (1)
- Silicification (1)
- Silicon (1)
- Siliziumdioxid-auf-Silizium (1)
- Simulations (1)
- Sinai diffusion (1)
- Sintern (1)
- Skalengesetze (1)
- Skyrmionen (1)
- Skyrmions (1)
- Slums (1)
- Small (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Soft condensed matter (1)
- Solar Cycle, observations (1)
- Solar Physics (1)
- Solar corona (1)
- Solar energy (1)
- Solar energy and photovoltaic technology (1)
- Solarzellen (1)
- Soliton (1)
- Solvents (1)
- Sonnenphysik (1)
- Space charge (1)
- Space plasmas (1)
- Space radiation (1)
- Spectral diffusion (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Speicheranwendungen (1)
- Spektralanalyse <Stochastik> (1)
- Spin Textur (1)
- Spin casting (1)
- Spin- und winkelaufgelöste Photoemission (1)
- Spin-Bahn-Wechselwirkung (SBW) (1)
- Spin-Schaum-Modelle (1)
- Spin-echo (1)
- Spin-orbi coupling (SOC) (1)
- Spinpolarisation (1)
- Spinstruktur (1)
- Spinwellen (1)
- Sprachverarbeitung (1)
- Spreading (1)
- Stability (1)
- Stars: individual: 4U2206+54, BD+53 2790 (1)
- Statistical Physics (1)
- Statistical copolymers (1)
- Statistical inference (1)
- Statistical inverse problem (1)
- Statistik (1)
- Staus (1)
- Steppest Descend method (1)
- Stern-Gerlach effect (1)
- Sternaktivität (1)
- Sterne: Entfernungen (1)
- Sternflecken (1)
- Sternhaufen (1)
- Sternoberfläche (1)
- Stille-type cross-coupling (1)
- Stimulated scattering (1)
- Stimuli-responsive materials (1)
- Stimulierte Brillouin Streuung (1)
- Stochastic dynamical systems (1)
- Stochastic gene expression (1)
- Stochastic reaction– diffusion (1)
- Stochastische Differentialgleichung (1)
- Stochastische Genexpression (1)
- Stochastische Gross-Pitaevskii Gleichung (1)
- Stochastische Oszillationen (1)
- Stochastische dynamische Systeme (1)
- Stochastisches Bursting (1)
- Stochastisches dynamisches System (1)
- Stokesion Dynamics (1)
- Stokessche Dynamik (1)
- Stoßwellen (1)
- Strahlenarten (1)
- Strahlenbelastung (1)
- Strahlenbiologie (1)
- Strahlenschutz (1)
- Strahlungstransportmodell (1)
- Strain hardening (1)
- Stratosphere (1)
- Stratosphere-troposphere coupling (1)
- Stratospheric polar vortex (1)
- Stratosphäre (1)
- Stratosphären-Troposphären-Kopplung (1)
- Stratosphärenchemie (1)
- Stratosphärendynamik (1)
- Stratosphärischer Polarwirbel (1)
- Stress-strain relations (1)
- Streuresonanzen (1)
- Streuung von Schallwellen (1)
- Structural and energetic disorder (1)
- Structural health monitoring (1)
- Structure-performance relationship (1)
- Structure-property relationships (1)
- Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen (1)
- Strukturdynamik (1)
- Strukturelle und energetische Unordnung (1)
- Stäbchen (1)
- Städte (1)
- Stärkemetabolismus (1)
- Sub-gamma random variable (1)
- Subdiffusion (1)
- Summenfrequenzspektroskopie (1)
- Sun (1)
- Sun: Chromosphere (1)
- Sun: corona (1)
- Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) (1)
- Sun: filaments, prominences (1)
- Sun: flares (1)
- Sun: heliosphere (1)
- Sun: magnetic fields (1)
- Sun: photosphere (1)
- Supernova remnants (1)
- Supernova-Überrest (1)
- Supernovaüberreste (1)
- Surface characterization (1)
- Surface properties (1)
- Surface treatment (1)
- Surfactant (1)
- Surfactants (1)
- Surrogate Data (1)
- Surrogates (1)
- Surrogatmethode (1)
- Symbolische Regression (1)
- Synchronisationsanalyse (1)
- Synchrony (1)
- Synthese (1)
- System (1)
- TCOs (1)
- TD-DFT (1)
- THz Spectroscopy (1)
- THz Spektroskopie (1)
- TSL (1)
- Tandem-Solarzelle (1)
- Tau-Protein (1)
- Tauziehen (1)
- Taylor-Couette (1)
- Techniken der optischen Spektroskopie: IR-Absorption (1)
- Teilchenphysik (1)
- Teleconnection patterns (1)
- Telekonnektionen (1)
- Telekonnexionsmuster (1)
- Teleskop (1)
- Temperaturproxy (1)
- Tensid (1)
- Tensidlösung (1)
- Tensidschaum (1)
- Tensile load (1)
- Tension (1)
- Tensor-Zerlegungen (1)
- Terrasse ... (1)
- Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (1)
- Testentwicklung (1)
- Teukolsky equations (1)
- Teukolsky-Gleichungen (1)
- Textur (1)
- Theiler surrogates (1)
- Theiler-Surrogate (1)
- Themisch-Stimulierte Lumineszenz (1)
- Theoretical ecology (1)
- Theoretische Ökologie (1)
- Thermal Radiation (1)
- Thermal conductivity (1)
- Thermal-Pulse Tomography (1)
- Thermalisierung (1)
- Thermally stimulated luminescence (1)
- Thermo optic effects (1)
- Thermoakustik (1)
- Thermoclectrics (1)
- Thermodynamic efficiency (1)
- Thermoelektrizität (1)
- Thermohaline Atlantikzirkulation (1)
- Thermohaline Circulation (1)
- Thermohaline Zi (1)
- Thermohaline Zirkulation (1)
- Thermophon (1)
- Thermosphäre hoher Breiten (1)
- Thin Film (1)
- Thin film (1)
- Tikhonov regularization (1)
- Time Series Analysis (1)
- Time delay (1)
- Time series (1)
- Time-dependent mobility (1)
- Time-of-flight (TOF) (1)
- Titandioxid (1)
- Tomographie (1)
- Topological Crystalline Insulator (1)
- Topological Insulator (1)
- Topological matter (1)
- Topologischer Isolator (1)
- Topologischer kristalliner Isolator (1)
- Trajectory model (1)
- Trajektorien (1)
- Trajektorienmodell (1)
- Transient photocurrent (1)
- Transiente Absorption (1)
- Transition-metal ion (1)
- Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (1)
- Transport (1)
- Transport- und Wechselwirkungsphase (1)
- Trapping (1)
- Trypanosoma cruzi (1)
- Turbulenzmessung (1)
- Turbulenzparametrisierungen (1)
- Two-stream Lidar Inversion (1)
- UV (1)
- UV cross-linking (1)
- UV nanoimprint lithography (1)
- UV-VIS Spectroscopy (1)
- UV-Vis Spektroskopie (1)
- UV-Vis spectroscopy (1)
- Ultra-high vacuum (1)
- Ultrafast (1)
- Ultraschnell (1)
- Ultraschnelle Dynamik (1)
- Ultraschnelle Röntgenbeugung (1)
- Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- Umweltsysteme (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Understanding (1)
- University physics (1)
- Unordnung (1)
- Unruh effect (1)
- Unruh-Effekt (1)
- Unschärfe (1)
- Unsicherheit (1)
- Unstetiges Galerkin-Verfahren (1)
- Unterkühlung (1)
- Unterrichtsplanung (1)
- Unterrichtsvorschläge (1)
- Upper Atmosphere Model (UAM) (1)
- Uracil (1)
- Urbanisierung (1)
- V*V884 Sco (1)
- V-OC loss (1)
- VERB (1)
- VERB code (1)
- VIRTIS (1)
- Vacuum interaction (1)
- Vacuum-level alignment (1)
- Vakuumschwankungen (1)
- Vakuumwechselwirkung (1)
- Valenzband (VB) (1)
- Valenzbandmaximum (VBM) (1)
- Van Allen Probes (1)
- Van der Waals Kräfte (1)
- Van der Waals forces (1)
- Vapour Deposition (1)
- Variabilität (1)
- Vegetation (1)
- Venus Express (1)
- Verbindungspfade zwischen der Arktis und den mittleren Breiten (1)
- Verfeinerungslimes (1)
- Verhältnis der Struktur und Funktion (1)
- Vermischung (1)
- Verschränkung (1)
- Verstehen (1)
- Verständnisentwicklungsmodell (1)
- Verteilung (1)
- Verteilungen von lokalisierten Zustände (1)
- Vesikeln (1)
- Vesiklen (1)
- Vielteilchentheorie (1)
- Virus (1)
- Viscoelasticity (1)
- Vorhersagbarkeit (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vorstellungen (1)
- WAAM (1)
- Wachstum (1)
- Wartezeitverteilung (1)
- Washing fastness (1)
- Wasserstoffionenkonzentration (1)
- Water Vapor (1)
- Water distribution systems (1)
- Water-assisted crystallization (1)
- Wave Propagation (1)
- Wavelet Coherence (1)
- Wavelet-Analyse (1)
- Wavelets (1)
- Wealth and income distribution (1)
- Weather regimes (1)
- Wechselwirkung (1)
- Weichröntgenbeugung (1)
- Weißlichterzeugung (1)
- Wellen-Teilchen Wechselwirkungen (1)
- Wellenausbreitung (1)
- Wellengleichung (1)
- Wellenlängenverschiebung (1)
- Weltraumphysik (1)
- Wetterextreme (1)
- Wiederkehrdarstellung (1)
- Wiederkehrverhalten (1)
- Wigner Funktion (1)
- Wigner negativity (1)
- William Herschel Teleskop (1)
- William Herschel telescope (1)
- Windblase (1)
- Wirtschaftsnetzwerk (1)
- Wismut (1)
- Wolf-Rayet (1)
- Wärmefluss (1)
- Wärmeinsel (1)
- Wärmekapazität (1)
- Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Schnee (1)
- Wärmepuls-Tomographie (1)
- Wärmetransport (1)
- X-ray and (1)
- X-ray computed (1)
- X-ray emission spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) (1)
- X-ray optics (1)
- X-ray refraction imaging (1)
- X-ray refraction; (1)
- X-ray synchrotron diffraction (1)
- X-rays : stars (1)
- X-rays Photoemission Spectroscopy (1)
- X-rays: individuals: Circinus X-1 (1)
- X-rays: individuals: GRS 1915+105 (1)
- X-rays: individuals: V4641 Sgr (1)
- XMCD (1)
- Yield strength (1)
- Zeitwahrnehmung (1)
- Zell Bewegung (1)
- Zell-substrat Adhäsion (1)
- Zellimmobilisierung (1)
- Zellorganisation (1)
- Zeolite synthesis (1)
- Zirkulardichroismus (1)
- Zirkulationsregime (1)
- Zufallsbewegung (1)
- Zufällige Stochastische Irrfahrt (1)
- Zufällige Umgebungen (1)
- Zustandsgleichung (1)
- Zustandsmodell (1)
- Zustandsraumrekonstruktion/Phasenraumrekonstruktion (1)
- Zwangsgleichungen (1)
- Zyklone (1)
- Zyklus (1)
- Zytoskelett (1)
- abrupte Übergänge (1)
- absorption (1)
- absorption lines (1)
- acceleration (1)
- accretion (1)
- accretion disks (1)
- acidic crosslinking (1)
- acoustic waveguide (1)
- acoustic waves (1)
- acoustics (1)
- actin (1)
- actin filaments (1)
- actin waves (1)
- active matter (1)
- active particles (1)
- active processes (1)
- active transport (1)
- actuation (1)
- actuators (1)
- adaptation and mitigation (1)
- addenda (1)
- additive (1)
- additive manufacturing (AM) (1)
- adhesion cluster (1)
- aerosol (1)
- aerosol: hygroscopic growth (1)
- aerosol: hygroskopisches Wachstum (1)
- aerosol: optical properties (1)
- aerosol: optische Eigenschaften (1)
- aggregation (1)
- air mass transport (1)
- aktive Prozesse (1)
- aktiven Transport (1)
- akustische Wellen (1)
- all-optical helicity dependent switching (1)
- allgemeine Relativitätstheorie (1)
- alloy (1)
- alpha (1)
- alpha-effect (1)
- alternative electron acceptors (1)
- aluminium alloys (1)
- amoeboid motion (1)
- amphiphiles (1)
- amphiphilic side chains (1)
- amplitude response (1)
- amöboide Bewegung (1)
- analysis (1)
- analytical model (1)
- analyzer-based imaging (1)
- anatomical connectivity (1)
- anchored polymer (1)
- and governance (1)
- and surface diffusion (1)
- angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- anomale Diffusion (1)
- anomalous (1)
- anomalous (or non-Fickian) diffusion (1)
- anomalous heat conduction (1)
- anthropogener Meeresspiegel (1)
- anthropogenic sea level (1)
- antibiotic resistance (1)
- antiferromagnetic (1)
- antiferromagnetism (1)
- antimicrobial peptides (1)
- antireflection (1)
- applications (1)
- approximate inertial manifolds (1)
- arktische Atmosphäre (1)
- arktische Grenzschicht (1)
- arktischer Dunst (1)
- arktisches Aerosol (1)
- arrayed waveguide grating (1)
- assembly (1)
- assembly factor (1)
- astrobiology (1)
- astrometry (1)
- astroparticle physic (1)
- astrophotonics (1)
- astrophysical shocks (1)
- astrophysikalische Schocks (1)
- asymmetric Levy flights (1)
- asymptotic analysis (1)
- asynchronous design (1)
- atmosphere dynamics (1)
- atmospheric boundary layer (1)
- atmospheric dynamics (1)
- atmospheric science (1)
- atmosphärische Grenzschicht (1)
- atom chips (1)
- atom optics (1)
- atom-surface interaction (1)
- atomic force microscopy (1)
- atomic-force; nano-objects (1)
- attosecond phenomena (1)
- attractive interaction (1)
- attraktive Wechselwirkung (1)
- autocorrelation function (1)
- autocorrelations (1)
- avidin (1)
- axial next nearest neighbour Ising chains (1)
- azobenzene containing polymers (1)
- azobenzene containing surfactants (1)
- azobenzene polymer (1)
- azobenzene polymer films (1)
- azobenzene refractive index (1)
- azobenzene-containing molecules (1)
- azobenzenhaltige Polymere (1)
- azobenzolhaltige Tenside (1)
- background (1)
- bacterial swimming (1)
- bacterial swimming strategies (1)
- ball mill (1)
- balloon telescopes (1)
- band profile (1)
- baroclinic instability (1)
- barrier escape (1)
- basis-sets (1)
- beam splitter (1)
- bedeuten freie Bahn (1)
- bidirectional intracellular transport (1)
- bidirektionaler intrazellulärer Transport (1)
- binaries (1)
- binaries: eclipsing (1)
- binary black holes (1)
- binary neutron stars (1)
- binary stars (1)
- binding interactions (1)
- binäre schwarze Löcher (1)
- bio-hybrid (1)
- bio-hybrid system (1)
- biochemical oscillators (1)
- biohybrid microsystems (1)
- bioindicators (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomolecule (1)
- bioreceptors (1)
- biosensing (1)
- biosphere feedbacks (1)
- bismuthene (1)
- blade (1)
- blended learning (1)
- block copolymer films (1)
- block copolymers (1)
- blue stragglers (1)
- bond (1)
- bone (1)
- bose gas (1)
- boundary local time (1)
- breitbandige Lichtquelle (1)
- bridges (1)
- broadband light source (1)
- brownian motion (1)
- bubble domains (1)
- bubbles (1)
- buckling (1)
- budding (1)
- budget study (1)
- built-in potential (1)
- bulge (1)
- bulk (1)
- bulk heterojunction (1)
- bulk heterojunctions (1)
- bulk-heterojunction solar cells (1)
- cancer diagnosis (1)
- capacitance spectroscopy (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon fiber manufacture (1)
- cardiomyopathy (1)
- carrier density (1)
- carrier dynamic (1)
- cascade (1)
- cascade rate (1)
- cascading regime (1)
- cataclysmic variables (1)
- catalysis (1)
- catalytic azobenzene isomerization (1)
- catanionic vesicles (1)
- cavity effects (1)
- celestial mechanics (1)
- cell immobilization (1)
- cell migration (1)
- cell motility (1)
- cell movement (1)
- cell nucleus (1)
- cell organization (1)
- cell polarity (1)
- cell tracking (1)
- cell-cell (1)
- cell-substrate adhesion (1)
- cellular signalling (1)
- cepstrum (1)
- chaotic (1)
- chaotic oscillations (1)
- chaotic saddle (1)
- chaotisch (1)
- characterization (1)
- charge (1)
- charge carrier density (1)
- charge carrier extraction (1)
- charge carrier recombination (1)
- charge collection (1)
- charge density (1)
- charge generation yield (1)
- charge injection across hybrid interfaces (1)
- charge profiling (1)
- charge recombination (1)
- charge recombination yield (1)
- charge repulsion (1)
- charge shielding (1)
- charge storage and transport (1)
- charge transfers (1)
- charge transport layers (1)
- charge trap (1)
- charge-carrier transport (1)
- charge-dipole interaction (1)
- charge-transfer excitations (1)
- charge-transfer states (1)
- charged systems (1)
- chemical (1)
- chemical oxidative polymerization (1)
- chemische Gasphasenabscheidung (1)
- chemische Oberflächen-Modifikationen (1)
- chemistry-transport-model (1)
- chemomechanical coupling (1)
- chemotaxsis (1)
- chimera Zustände (1)
- chirality (1)
- chloroplast ribosome (1)
- chorus waves (1)
- chromium hexacarbonyl (1)
- chromophore orientations (1)
- chromosphere (1)
- circular dichroism (1)
- circulation regimes (1)
- circumgalactic medium (1)
- circumstellar matter (1)
- cities (1)
- climate data (1)
- climate impact research (1)
- climate impact response func (1)
- climate model (1)
- climate model of intermediate complexity (1)
- climate networks (1)
- climate physics (1)
- climate projection (1)
- climate sensitivity (1)
- climatology (1)
- co-monomer content (1)
- co-translational (1)
- co-translationale Assemblierung (1)
- coarse-grained order parameter (1)
- cobalt (1)
- code (1)
- coherence (1)
- coherence theory (1)
- coherent phonons (1)
- collapse (1)
- collective dynamics (1)
- collimation (1)
- collision dynamics (1)
- colloidal particles (1)
- colloids (1)
- color change (1)
- coloured (1)
- coloured and quantum noise (1)
- coma (1)
- comets (1)
- compacton (1)
- complex brain networks (1)
- complex network (1)
- complexity (1)
- compression (1)
- concentration (1)
- conceptions (1)
- condensed matter (1)
- conformational and hydrodynamic characteristics (1)
- conformational changes (1)
- conformational selection (1)
- conical intersection (1)
- conjugated polyelectrolyte (1)
- conservation laws (1)
- conservative random walks (1)
- constraint equations (1)
- construct map (1)
- contact layers (1)
- contact resistance (1)
- contaminant transport (1)
- content analysis (1)
- continuation (1)
- continuous distribution model (1)
- continuous symmetries (1)
- continuous time random (1)
- continuous time random walk (CTRW) (1)
- contraction (1)
- convolutional neural networks (1)
- cooperative transport (1)
- coordinate measurement machine (1)
- copper iodide (1)
- core-excited state dynamics (1)
- correlated noise (1)
- correlation functions (1)
- correlations (1)
- cortical network (1)
- cortical networks (1)
- cosmic ray diffusion (1)
- cosmic ray propagation (1)
- cosmic-rays (1)
- cosmological simulations (1)
- cosmology: cosmic background radiation (1)
- cosmology: cosmological parameters (1)
- cosmology: distance scale (1)
- coupled (1)
- coupled initial boundary value problem (1)
- coupling (1)
- coupling function (1)
- coupling sensitivity (1)
- covariance (1)
- crack detection (1)
- critical adsorption (1)
- critical collapse (1)
- critical exponent (1)
- critical fluctuations (1)
- cross layer chip (1)
- cross recurrence plot (1)
- cross-over effect (1)
- crossover anomalous diffusion dynamics (1)
- crossover dynamics (1)
- cryolithology (1)
- cryptography (1)
- crystal (1)
- crystal growth (1)
- crystallinity (1)
- curricular review (1)
- cycle (1)
- cyclic voltammetry (1)
- cyclic-olefin copolymer (1)
- cyclones (1)
- cytoskeleton (1)
- damage (1)
- damage evolution (1)
- dark exciton (1)
- dark matter detectors (1)
- dark matter experiments (1)
- dark matter theory (1)
- data assimilation (1)
- data based NARMAX modeling (1)
- data behind figure (1)
- decadal climate variability (1)
- decomposing anomalous diffusion (1)
- defect detection (1)
- defects (1)
- dekadische Klimavariabilität (1)
- delay differential equation (1)
- delay faults (1)
- delayed feedback (1)
- delayed random walks (1)
- density functional calculations (1)
- density functional theory (1)
- dependent velocity (1)
- depolymerization (1)
- dermis (1)
- design concepts (1)
- design for Testability (1)
- detectors (1)
- development of test instrument (1)
- diamagnetic currents (1)
- dichalcogenides (1)
- dicytostelium (1)
- dielectric (1)
- dielectric barrier discharges (1)
- dielectric elastomers (1)
- dielectric function (1)
- dielectric hysteresis (1)
- dielectric non-linearities (1)
- dielectric spectroskopie (1)
- dielectrophoresis (1)
- dielektrische Elastomere (1)
- differential rotation (1)
- differential scanning calorimetry (1)
- diffraction elastic constants (1)
- diffraction enhanced imaging (1)
- diffraction-elastic constants (1)
- diffraktionselastische Konstanten (1)
- diffuse radiation (1)
- diffusion coefficients (1)
- diffusion exponent (1)
- diffusion-controlled reactions (1)
- diffusion-influenced (1)
- diffusion-wave equation (1)
- dimensional reduction (1)
- diode-laser-arrays (1)
- diode-lasers (1)
- direction of optomechanical stress (1)
- director configuration (1)
- disc (1)
- discontinuous Galerkin method (1)
- discontinuous Galerkin methods (1)
- discrete beam cominer (1)
- diskreter Strahlkombinierer (1)
- dislocations (1)
- disordered systems (1)
- dispersion force (1)
- dispersion relations (1)
- dissertation (1)
- dissociative electron attachment (1)
- dissoziative Elektronen Anlagerung (1)
- distribution (1)
- distributions of localised states (1)
- doctor-blade coating (1)
- domain purity (1)
- domain wall motion (1)
- domains (1)
- domino effect (1)
- donor-acceptor interfaces (1)
- doping (1)
- dosis measurement (1)
- double-multilayer monochromators (1)
- doubly transient chaos (1)
- driven (1)
- driving force (1)
- driving mechanism (1)
- drug tolerance (1)
- drug-delivery (1)
- dunkle Materie (1)
- dunkles Exziton (1)
- dyna (1)
- dynamic and static quenching (1)
- dynamic forc (1)
- dynamic force spectroscopy (1)
- dynamic loading (1)
- dynamic of the atmosphere (1)
- dynamic vibration absorber (1)
- dynamical cluster (1)
- dynamical patterns (1)
- dynamische Klimatologie (1)
- dynamische Kraftspektroskopie (1)
- dynamische Muster (1)
- dynamische Systeme (1)
- dynamische und statische Löschung (1)
- dynamo effect (1)
- dysprosium (1)
- dünne Filme (1)
- dünne organische Schichten (1)
- dünne, flexible und formbare Schichten (1)
- early warning indicators (1)
- earth system modeling (1)
- earthquake prediction (1)
- echo state network (1)
- ecological (1)
- ecology (1)
- ecology and biodiversity (1)
- econophysics (1)
- edit distance (1)
- efficient scattering (1)
- effiziente Streuung (1)
- eingefrorene Energielandschaft (1)
- ejecta (1)
- elastic coupling (1)
- elastic substrates (1)
- elasticity (1)
- elasticity theory (1)
- elastische Kopplung (1)
- elastische Substrate (1)
- elastomers (1)
- electret polymers (1)
- electric double layer (1)
- electrical breakdown (1)
- electrical chemotaxis assay (1)
- electrical insulation (1)
- electrical polarization hysteresis (1)
- electro-acoustic electric-charge and polarization profiling (1)
- electro-electrets (1)
- electro-fused zirconia (1)
- electro-modulation microscopy (1)
- electro-optical (1)
- electroacoustic probing (1)
- electroanalysis (1)
- electrochemistry (1)
- electrokinetic phenomena (1)
- electrolytes (1)
- electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves (1)
- electromechanical response (1)
- electromechanical transducers (sensors and actuators) (1)
- electron backscatter diffraction (1)
- electron flux (1)
- electron flux forecasts (1)
- electron lifetimes (1)
- electron localization (1)
- electron microscopy (1)
- electron spectroscopy (1)
- electronic properties (1)
- electrostatic (1)
- electrostatic energy density (1)
- electrostatics (1)
- elektrische Doppelschicht (1)
- elektrische Isolierung (1)
- elektrische Raumladung (1)
- elektrischer Chemotaxis Assy (1)
- elektro-optisch (1)
- elektroakustische Abtastung elektrischer Ladungen und Dipolpolarisationen (1)
- elektromechanische Reaktion (1)
- elektromechanische Wandler (Sensoren und Aktoren) (1)
- elektronische Eigenschaften (1)
- elektrostatische Energiedichte (1)
- elemental sulphur (1)
- elementarer Schwefel (1)
- elementary particles (1)
- elevated-temperature effects on the operation of dielectric-elastomer (1)
- elliptic partial differential equations (1)
- elliptic systems (1)
- elliptische partielle Differentialgleichungen (1)
- elliptisches Gleichungssystem (1)
- embedding (1)
- emic waves (1)
- emissions (1)
- empirical prediction (1)
- empirische Modellierung (1)
- enacted PCK (1)
- endliche Ensembles (1)
- energetic disorders (1)
- energetic offset (1)
- energetic particle (1)
- energetische Unordnung (1)
- energy balance model (1)
- energy estimate (1)
- energy gradients (1)
- energy levels (1)
- energy spreading (1)
- energy-level alignments (1)
- ensemble simulation (1)
- ensemble simulations (1)
- entrance test (1)
- environmental systems (1)
- enzymatic activity (1)
- enzymatische Reaktionen (1)
- epidemics (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epitaktisch (1)
- epitaxial (1)
- equation (1)
- equation of state (1)
- equation of state; (1)
- equatorial plasma depletions (1)
- ergodicity (1)
- errata (1)
- evolutions (1)
- exact results (1)
- excited state proton transfer (1)
- excited-state chemical shift (1)
- excited-state proton-transfer (1)
- exciton dissociation (1)
- exciton dynamics (1)
- exclusion process (1)
- exclusion processes (1)
- experimental competencies (1)
- experimental model (1)
- experiments (1)
- external cavities (1)
- external generation efficiency (1)
- external quantum efficiency (1)
- externe Resonatoren (1)
- extra-cellul (1)
- extraction (1)
- extragalactic stellar astronomy (1)
- extragalaktische Stellarastronomie (1)
- extrasolar planets (1)
- extrazelluläre Matr (1)
- extreme precipitation (1)
- extreme statistics (1)
- extrusion (1)
- eye movements (1)
- far infrared (1)
- favela (1)
- feldlinengerichtete Ströme (1)
- femtosecond laser spectroscopy (1)
- ferro- and piezoelectrets (1)
- ferroelectric and paraelectric phases (1)
- ferroelectric polarization (1)
- ferroelectric semiconductors (1)
- ferroelectricity (1)
- ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity in polymers (1)
- ferroelektrische Polarisation (1)
- ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- ferromagnetism (1)
- fest-flüssig Grenzfläche (1)
- fiber-electrophoresis chip (1)
- field (1)
- field aligned currents (1)
- field experience (1)
- field-effect transistor (1)
- figure of merit (1)
- filament bundles (1)
- fill factor (1)
- film sensor (1)
- finite differences (1)
- finite element method (1)
- finite size (1)
- firn (1)
- first-arrival density (1)
- first-passage times (1)
- fixational eye movements (1)
- fixierte Augenbewegungen (1)
- flagellar filaments (1)
- flashover (1)
- flexible (1)
- floods (1)
- flow network (1)
- flow photolysis (1)
- fluctuation dissipation theorem (1)
- flue organ pipe (1)
- fluorination (1)
- fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) copolymer (1)
- flussunterbrechende Analyse (1)
- flux (1)
- foam (1)
- foams (1)
- focal adhesion (1)
- folding dynamics (1)
- force dipole (1)
- force dipoles (1)
- force methods (1)
- forced symmetry breaking (1)
- forecast (1)
- formal specification (1)
- formal verification (1)
- formation (1)
- fourier transformation (1)
- fractal (1)
- fractal derivative (1)
- fractal dimension (1)
- fractional Gaussian noise (1)
- fractional diffusion (1)
- fractional dynamic equations (1)
- fraktionale Brown'schen Bewegung (1)
- fraktionales Gauß'sches Rauschen (1)
- free charge generation (1)
- free charge recombination (1)
- free electron laser (1)
- freie Ladungsträger Rekombination (1)
- frequency conversion (1)
- frequency stabilisation (1)
- friction (1)
- fullerenes (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional materials (1)
- fundamental parameters (1)
- fundamentale Parameter (1)
- fungus (1)
- gadolinium (1)
- galactic centre (1)
- galactic magnetic fields (1)
- galactic population (1)
- galaktische Magnetfelder (1)
- galaktische Population (1)
- galaktisches Zentrum (1)
- galaxies: clusters: general (1)
- galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD (1)
- galaxies: individual (1)
- galaxies: individual: NGC 4038, NGC 4039 (1)
- galaxies: individual: Small Magellanic Cloud (1)
- galaxies: star clusters (1)
- galaxy evolution (1)
- galaxy: general (1)
- gamma astronomy (1)
- gamma ray detectors (1)
- gamma rays (1)
- gamma rays: (1)
- gamma rays: diffuse (1)
- gamma rays: diffuse background (1)
- gamma-ray (1)
- gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 150323A) (1)
- gamma-ray bursts: general (1)
- gamma-rays (1)
- gas chromatography (1)
- gekoppelt (1)
- gene expression (1)
- general circulation (1)
- generalized diffusion equation (1)
- generational comparison (1)
- genetic networks (1)
- genetic programming (1)
- genetics (1)
- geodynamo (1)
- geomagnetic activity (1)
- geomagnetic storms (1)
- geometrical deformations (1)
- geostationary orbit (1)
- gequetschte Zustände (1)
- gestufte Oberfläche (1)
- giant vesicle (1)
- glassy systems (1)
- global description (1)
- globale Kupplung (1)
- globular clusters: individual: NGC 2808 (1)
- globular clusters: individual: NGC 3201 (1)
- gold cluster (1)
- gold nanoflowers (1)
- gold substrate (1)
- gradient boosting (1)
- granite (1)
- granulare Kette (1)
- graph theory (1)
- grating (1)
- gravitational lensing: strong (1)
- gravitational-wave astronomy (1)
- green solvents (1)
- ground based gamma ray astronomy (1)
- ground-motion variability (1)
- growth (1)
- großräumige Struktur des Universums (1)
- großräumige Strukturen (1)
- guardrail approach (1)
- guided self assembly (1)
- habitability (1)
- halogen bonding (1)
- harmonic traps (1)
- healing (1)
- heart failure (1)
- heat capacity (1)
- heat flux (1)
- heat island (1)
- heat transfer (1)
- heat transport (1)
- heatwaves (1)
- helicity (1)
- heterogeneous diffusion (1)
- heterogeneous diffusion process (1)
- heterogeneous ensemble of Brownian particles (1)
- heterogeneous media (1)
- heterostructures (1)
- hierarchical model (1)
- hierarchisches Model (1)
- high energy physics (1)
- high harmonic (1)
- high harmonic generation (1)
- high impact polystyrene (1)
- high permittivity (1)
- high pressure (1)
- high resolution (1)
- high resolution x-ray diffraction (1)
- high vacuum (1)
- high-frequency force (1)
- high-latitudinal thermosphere (1)
- high-order phase coupling (1)
- high-performance computing (1)
- higher-order effects (1)
- history and philosophy of astronomy (1)
- hochauflösende Röntgenstreuung (1)
- hohe Auflösung (1)
- hohe Permittivität (1)
- hoher Rotverschiebung (1)
- hole (1)
- hole extraction (1)
- hole selective materials (1)
- hopping dynamics (1)
- human behaviour (1)
- human dynamics (1)
- humidity (1)
- humidity sensor (1)
- hybrid manufacturing (1)
- hybrid material (1)
- hybrid metal oxides (1)
- hybrid multi-junction solar cell (1)
- hybrid synthesis (1)
- hybrid thin solar cells (1)
- hybride Mehrschichtsolarzellen (1)
- hybride Solarzellen (1)
- hydrochemistry (1)
- hydrodynamic flow (1)
- hydrodynamic model (1)
- hydrodynamical model (1)
- hydrogen bonds (1)
- hydrolysis (1)
- hyperbolic attractor (1)
- hypersound propagation (1)
- ice core (1)
- ice sheet modelling (1)
- iceberg calving (1)
- identification (1)
- ill-posed problem (1)
- image data analysis (1)
- image registration (1)
- imaging (1)
- impedance spectroscopy (1)
- importance sampling (1)
- imprinted electrodes (1)
- impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (1)
- impulsive stimulierte Raman Streuung (1)
- in situ monitoring (1)
- in-situ atomic force microscopy (1)
- incoherent light (1)
- incoherent radiation (1)
- individual (1)
- individual molecules spectroscopy (1)
- individual: CU Vir (1)
- induced fit (1)
- induzierte Passform (1)
- inference (1)
- influence of weak magnetic fields on living systems (1)
- information (1)
- information theory (1)
- infrared (1)
- infrared: galaxies (1)
- infrared: general (1)
- infrared: planetary systems (1)
- infrared: stars (1)
- inquiry based learning (1)
- instructional (1)
- instructional explanation (1)
- instrumentation (1)
- instrumentation: adaptive optics (1)
- integrated assessment (1)
- integrated optics (1)
- integrierte Optik (1)
- integrierter Spektrograph (1)
- interaction (1)
- interactions (1)
- interfacial recombination (1)
- intermittency (1)
- intermolecular force (1)
- intermolecular interaction (1)
- intermolekülare Wechselwirkung (1)
- internal variability (1)
- international migration (1)
- international migration modeling (1)
- internationale Migration (1)
- interstellar matter (1)
- interstellar medium (1)
- interstellare Materie (1)
- intersystem crossing (1)
- intracellular transport (1)
- intrazellulärer Transport (1)
- inverse analysis (1)
- inversion (1)
- ion channels (1)
- ion mobility spectrometry (1)
- ion optics (1)
- ionic crosslinking (1)
- ionischer Self-Assembly (1)
- ionosphere (1)
- ions (1)
- iron cyanides (1)
- iron pentacarbonyl (1)
- isotope variations (1)
- isotropic fast mode turbulence (1)
- iterative Methoden zur Lösung linearer Systeme (1)
- iterative Rekonstruktion (1)
- iterative methods for sparse linear systems (1)
- jet stream (1)
- jump detection (1)
- katalytische Isomerisation von Azobenzolen (1)
- kind of radiation (1)
- kinetic (1)
- kinetic of cis-trans isomerization (1)
- kinetic-theory (1)
- kognitive Prozesse (1)
- kohärente Phononen (1)
- kollimation (1)
- komplex (1)
- komplexe Hirnnetzwerke (1)
- komplexe Systeme (1)
- komplexes Netzwerk (1)
- kompression (1)
- kondensierte Materie (1)
- konfokales Laser-Scanning-Mikroskop (1)
- konische Kreuzung (1)
- kooperativer Transport (1)
- kortikale Netzwerke (1)
- kosmische Strahlung (1)
- kosmologische Computersimulationen (1)
- kritische Fluktuationen (1)
- kritischer Exponent (1)
- kritischer Kollaps (1)
- kryptografie (1)
- laboratory x-ray diffraction (1)
- lacunae (1)
- lacuno-canalicular network (1)
- lakuno-kanaliculäres Netzwerk (1)
- land conversion (1)
- langreichweitig (1)
- langreichweitige Korrelationen (1)
- langsam rotierende Kerr-Raumzeiten (1)
- language processing (1)
- large area devices (1)
- large deviation function (1)
- large-scale structure (1)
- large-scale structure formation (1)
- large-scale structure of Universe (1)
- laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) (1)
- laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AlSi10Mg alloy (1)
- laser-based additive manufacturing (1)
- late-type (1)
- lattice distortion (1)
- lattice gas (1)
- lattice models (1)
- lead (1)
- lead halide perovskite films (1)
- lead halide perovskites (LHP) (1)
- leakage scheme (1)
- learning environment (1)
- leitfähige Polymere (1)
- lesson planning (1)
- licht-getrieben (1)
- lidar (1)
- ligand (1)
- light emission (1)
- light management (1)
- light photocontrol (1)
- light responsive DNA (1)
- light responsive microgels (1)
- light responsive polymer brushes (1)
- light-driven (1)
- light-induced deformation (1)
- line search (1)
- linear stability analysis (1)
- lipid membranes (1)
- lipid-anchored saccharide (1)
- lipid-verankerte Saccharide (1)
- local density approximation (1)
- local equilibrium (1)
- local group (1)
- localization (1)
- localization microscopy (1)
- lokale Dichte-Näherung (1)
- lokalen Gruppe (1)
- long range (1)
- long-chain alkane (1)
- long-memory (1)
- long-range dependence (1)
- longitudinal study (1)
- loop closure (1)
- loop quantum gravity (1)
- loss mechanisms (1)
- low (1)
- low donor content (1)
- low-density polyethylene (1)
- low-frequency force (1)
- macro-economic modelling (1)
- macroeconomic impacts (1)
- magnesium oxide (1)
- magnetic and phononic system (1)
- magnetic beads (1)
- magnetic field generation (1)
- magnetic field satellites (1)
- magnetic microstructures (1)
- magnetic nanoparticles (1)
- magnetic noise (1)
- magnetic pressure (1)
- magnetic stray field (1)
- magnetisation (1)
- magnetische resonante Beugung (1)
- magnetischem Röntgendichroismus (XMCD) (1)
- magnetischer Näherungseffekt (1)
- magnetischer Zirkulardichroismus (1)
- magnetisches Rauschen (1)
- magnetisches und phononisches System (1)
- magnetizationdynamic (1)
- magneto-optics (1)
- magnetoconvection (1)
- magnetoelasticity (1)
- magnetohydrodynamic (1)
- magnetometer calibration (1)
- magnetosome chains (1)
- magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling (1)
- magnetotactic bacteria (1)
- magnetotaktische Bakterien (1)
- major mergers (1)
- makroökonomische Folgen (1)
- manifold detection (1)
- manipulation (1)
- manufacturing (AM) (1)
- markov processes (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- mass (1)
- mass extinctions (1)
- massereiche Sterne (1)
- massive stars (1)
- master (1)
- master equation (1)
- master equations (1)
- material coordinate (1)
- mathematics education (1)
- matrix composites (1)
- maximum entropy analysis (1)
- mean first passage times (1)
- mean free path (1)
- mean residence time (1)
- mean-field model (1)
- mean-field theory (1)
- meanfield (1)
- mechanical behavior (1)
- mechanical properties (1)
- mechanisches Verhalten (1)
- mechanisms (1)
- mechanosensor (1)
- mechanotransduction (1)
- melt-quench-anneal (1)
- membrane adhesion (1)
- membrane adhesion forces (1)
- membrane curvature (1)
- membrane tube (1)
- memory applications (1)
- memory kernel (1)
- menschliche Dynamik (1)
- mesoporous (1)
- mesoporous silicon (1)
- mesoporös (1)
- metal (1)
- metal carbonyls (1)
- metal matrix composite (1)
- metal nanoparticles (1)
- metal optics (1)
- metal/polymer interfaces (1)
- methane localization (1)
- methods (1)
- methods: Data analysis (1)
- methods: MHD (1)
- methods: Observational (1)
- methods: statistical (1)
- mhd turbulence (1)
- micelles (1)
- micro computed tomography (XCT) (1)
- micro swimmer (1)
- micro- and nanotechnologies (1)
- microchannel (1)
- microcracking (1)
- microfluidic paper analytic device (mu PAD) (1)
- microgel (1)
- micrometeorology (1)
- micropipetten (1)
- microsaccades (1)
- microstructure-property relations (1)
- microstructured fiber (1)
- microstructured surface (1)
- microstrukturierte Oberfläche (1)
- microswimmers (1)
- microtransport and -assembly (1)
- mid-temperature transition (1)
- mid-temperature transition(s) (1)
- mikrostrukturierte Faser (1)
- mineralization (1)
- miscellaneous (1)
- mixed domains (1)
- mixed-effect analysis (1)
- mixed-phase clouds (1)
- mixing parameterization (1)
- mobile ions (1)
- mobile-immobile model (1)
- mobile-immobile model (MIM) (1)
- mode stability (1)
- mode-locking (1)
- model coupling (1)
- model validation (1)
- modelling (1)
- modellinterne Variabilitaet (1)
- modified dispersion relations (1)
- modified electrode (1)
- modified gravitational dynamics (1)
- modular logic programs (1)
- mold (1)
- molecular brushes (1)
- molecular conformation (1)
- molecular crowding (1)
- molecular crystals (1)
- molecular doping (1)
- molecular hydrodynamics and (1)
- molecular motor (1)
- molecular overcrowding (1)
- molecular proton dynamics (1)
- molecular weight (1)
- molecules (1)
- molekulares Dotieren (1)
- monitoring (1)
- monolayer (1)
- morphogenesis (1)
- motility assay (1)
- motion (1)
- motion registration (1)
- motivation (1)
- motor cycle (1)
- motor velocity (1)
- movement data (1)
- multi protein complex formation (1)
- multi-messenger astrophysics (1)
- multi-scale (1)
- multi-spectrum regularization (1)
- multichannel (1)
- multicomponent system (1)
- multidimensional fractional diffusion equation (1)
- multiferroic heterostructure (1)
- multiferroischen Heterostruktur (1)
- multiple (1)
- multivariate analysis (1)
- music instruments (1)
- musical acoustics (1)
- musikalische Akustik (1)
- myosin II (1)
- nano-electrodes (1)
- nanocomposite (1)
- nanocomposites (1)
- nanofiber (1)
- nanomaterials (1)
- nanoparticle (1)
- nanoscale energy transports (1)
- nanoscale modeling (1)
- natriuretic peptide system (1)
- natural resources (biological and non-biological) (1)
- near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- nebulae: general (1)
- nematic LC (1)
- nematic liquid crystal (1)
- network dynamics (1)
- network inference (1)
- network reconstruction (1)
- network theory (1)
- neural (1)
- neuronale Netze (1)
- neutron (1)
- neutron powder diffraction (1)
- neutron reflectometry (1)
- neutron resonance spin-echo spectroscopy (1)
- neutron spin-echo (1)
- neutrophils (1)
- next generation Cherenkov telescopes (1)
- nichlineare Phononik (1)
- nicht klassische Zustände (1)
- nicht-Markovsche Dynamik (1)
- nicht-thermische Emission (1)
- nicht-thermische Strahlung (1)
- nichtgenestete Modellselektion (1)
- nichtgleichgewichts Dynamik (1)
- nichtlinear (1)
- nichtlineare Oszillationen (1)
- nichtlineare Wellenmischung (1)
- nichtlineare Zeitreihenanalyse (1)
- nichtstrahlende Verluste (1)
- nitrogen (1)
- noise-induced excitability (1)
- noise-induced oscillation suppression (1)
- non-Gaussian (1)
- non-Gaussian distribution (1)
- non-Gaussian probability (1)
- non-Langevin reduction factors (1)
- non-Markovian dynamics (1)
- non-classicality (1)
- non-contact heat transfer (1)
- non-equilibrium dynamics (1)
- non-equilibrium steady state (1)
- non-exponential relaxation (1)
- non-exponential statistics (1)
- non-extensive statistics (1)
- non-gaussianity (1)
- non-integer dimension (1)
- non-linear microscopy (1)
- non-linear optics (1)
- non-linear oscillators (1)
- non-nested model selection (1)
- non-radiative recombination (1)
- non-thermal emission (1)
- non-thermal radiation (1)
- non-volatile memory (1)
- nonequilibrium physics (1)
- nonequilibrium stationary state (1)
- nonlinear (1)
- nonlinear Dynamics (1)
- nonlinear acoustics (1)
- nonlinear data analysis (1)
- nonlinear excited fluorescence (1)
- nonlinear frequency conversion (1)
- nonlinear lattice (1)
- nonlinear optics (1)
- nonlinear systems (1)
- nonlocal coupled oscillators (1)
- nonlocally coupled phase oscillators (1)
- nonradiative losses (1)
- nonstationary diffusivity (1)
- novae (1)
- nucleation (1)
- nucleation and growth (1)
- nucleobase (1)
- nudging (1)
- numeric device simulations (1)
- numerical simulation (1)
- numerische Bauteilsimulationen (1)
- numerische Relativität (1)
- numerische Relativitätstheorie (1)
- numerische Relativiät (1)
- numerischen Relativitätstheorie (1)
- o (1)
- observatory (1)
- ocean model (1)
- offenes Quantensystem (1)
- on-sky tests (1)
- one-dimensional Bose gas (1)
- opacity (1)
- open circuit voltage (1)
- open quantum system (1)
- open quantum systems (1)
- open-circuit voltage (1)
- optical irradiation intensity (1)
- optical near-field (1)
- optical pump - X-ray probe spectroscopy (1)
- optical simulations (1)
- optical tomography (1)
- optically induced dynamics (1)
- optically thin clouds (1)
- optics (1)
- option pricing (1)
- optisch dünne Wolken (1)
- optisch induzierte Dynamik (1)
- optische Anregung (1)
- optische Spektroskopie (1)
- opto-mechanical stresses (1)
- optoelectronic measurements (1)
- optoelektronische Messungen (1)
- optoplasmonic (1)
- organ pipe (1)
- organ pipes (1)
- organic (1)
- organic crystal (1)
- organic electronic (1)
- organic electronics (1)
- organic field-effect transistors (1)
- organic interfaces (1)
- organic semiconductors (1)
- organic semiconductors; (1)
- organic-inorganic hybrids (1)
- organisch-anorganische Hybride (1)
- organische Bodensubstanz (1)
- organische Kristalle (1)
- organische Solarzelle (1)
- organischer Halbleiter (1)
- organohalide lead perovskites (1)
- orientation approaches (1)
- oscillation (1)
- osmotic flow (1)
- overdamped brownian systems (1)
- overheating (1)
- oxidation state (1)
- oxygen plasma (1)
- ozone loss (1)
- p-type (1)
- palaeoclimate (1)
- paleoclimatology (1)
- parallel immobilization of biomolecules (1)
- parallele Immobilisierung von Biomolekülen (1)
- parameter (1)
- parameter inference (1)
- parametrically excited oscillator (1)
- parametrisch erregter Oszillator (1)
- partial synchronization (1)
- particle morphology (1)
- particle transport (1)
- particle-in-cell simulations (1)
- passivation (1)
- pattern formation (1)
- patterning glass microfiber (1)
- patterns (1)
- pedagogical content knowledge (1)
- peptides (1)
- percolation threshold (1)
- performance assessment (1)
- period doubling (1)
- periodically poled material (1)
- perovskite oxides (1)
- perovskite semiconductors (1)
- perovskite solar cell (1)
- perovskites (1)
- persistence (1)
- persistence length (1)
- perturbation approach (1)
- ph-responsive microgels (1)
- phase approximation (1)
- phase coupling (1)
- phase demodulation (1)
- phase diffusion (1)
- phase dynamics (1)
- phase equations (1)
- phase field model (1)
- phase lag (1)
- phase oscillator (1)
- phase response (1)
- phase response curve (1)
- phase rule (1)
- phase separation (1)
- phase space reconstruction (1)
- phase spectrum (1)
- phase-amplitude mixing (1)
- phase-isostable reduction (1)
- phase-transition boundary (1)
- phenotypic heterogeneity (1)
- philosophy of science (1)
- phonon backfolding (1)
- phonon damping (1)
- phonon dynamics (1)
- phonon modes (1)
- phonon polariton (1)
- phonons (1)
- phospholipid membranes (1)
- photo electron spectroscopy (1)
- photo physics (1)
- photo-chemical pathways (1)
- photo-emission electron microscopy (PEEM) (1)
- photo-isomerization (1)
- photo-stimulated discharge (1)
- photoacoustic effect (1)
- photoakustischer Effekt (1)
- photodissociation (1)
- photodissociation region (PDR) (1)
- photoelectron microscopy (1)
- photoexcitation (1)
- photoexcited hole transfer (1)
- photogeneration (1)
- photoinduced dynamics (1)
- photoisomerization (1)
- photoluminescence quenching (1)
- photon statistics (1)
- photonic crystal (1)
- photonic crystal fibers (1)
- photoresponsive surfactants (1)
- photosensitive polymers (1)
- photosensitive soft objects (1)
- photovoltaic (1)
- photovoltaic devices (1)
- physical chemistry (1)
- physical hydrogels (1)
- physics of musical instruments (1)
- picosecond acoustics (1)
- piezo-, pyro- and ferroelectricity (1)
- piezo-optical (1)
- piezo-optisch (1)
- piezoelectret (1)
- piezoelectrets (1)
- piezoelektrische Sensoren (1)
- pink beams (1)
- pitch angle (1)
- pitch angle scattering (1)
- planar lightwave circuit (1)
- planare Lichtwellenleiter (1)
- planet (1)
- planetary (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual: SwSt1 (1)
- planetary rings (1)
- planetary wave propagation (1)
- planets and satellites: atmospheres (1)
- planets and satellites: composition (1)
- planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability (1)
- planets and satellites: gaseous planets (1)
- planets and satellites: individual (Saturn) (1)
- plasma flows (1)
- plasma physics (1)
- plasma pressure (1)
- plasmaspheric hiss (1)
- plasmaspheric plume (1)
- plasmon nano-particles (1)
- plasmonic catalysis (1)
- plasmonische Katalyse (1)
- plasmonische Nanopartikeln (1)
- point defect (1)
- polar (1)
- polar motion (1)
- polar research (1)
- polar vortex (1)
- polarization (1)
- policies (1)
- politics (1)
- poly(gamma-benzyl L-glutamate) (1)
- poly(vinylidene fluoride) (1)
- poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) (1)
- poly-DADMAC (1)
- polydispersity (1)
- polyelectrolyte (1)
- polyelectrolyte brushes (1)
- polyelectrolyte multilayer (1)
- polyethylene nanocomposites (1)
- polyethylene terephthalate (1)
- polymer crystal orientation (1)
- polymer electrets (1)
- polymer ferroelectrets (1)
- polymer film (1)
- polymer foam (1)
- polymer physics (1)
- polymer-electret (1)
- polymer-foam films (1)
- polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction (1)
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (1)
- polypyrrole (1)
- polystyrene nano-spheres (1)
- polysulfobetaine (1)
- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (1)
- polythiohene (1)
- polyurethanes (1)
- population (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- populations (1)
- pore orientation (1)
- porosity analysis (1)
- porphyrin (1)
- positioning (1)
- post-Newton (1)
- post-depositional (1)
- post-translational (1)
- post-translationale Assemblierung (1)
- potential ene rgy surface (1)
- powder particle analysis (1)
- power conversion efficiency (1)
- power spectral density (1)
- practicum (1)
- preconceptions (1)
- precursor (1)
- predictive modeling (1)
- preferred orientation (1)
- pressure gradient (1)
- prestabilization (1)
- primordial black holes (1)
- printed electroacoustic thin-film transducers (1)
- printing (1)
- probabilistic inference (1)
- probability density function (1)
- process (1)
- process inference (1)
- process monitoring (1)
- propellers (1)
- proteasome (1)
- protein kinetics (1)
- protein translocation (1)
- protein-protein interaction (1)
- proxy uncertainty (1)
- proxy understanding (1)
- pseudomonas putida (1)
- pulsars: individual: PSR B0656+14 (1)
- pulsars: individual: PSR B0833-45 (1)
- pulsars: individual: SXP 1062 (1)
- pulse compression (1)
- pulse front matching (1)
- pump-probe (1)
- pump-probe experiment (1)
- pupil remappers (1)
- purification (1)
- quality (1)
- quanteninformation (1)
- quantenkanal (1)
- quantenkodierung (1)
- quantifizierende Rekurrenzanalyse (1)
- quantitative Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- quantization of field theories (1)
- quantum (1)
- quantum channel (1)
- quantum computer (1)
- quantum correlations (1)
- quantum degenerate BEC FDS ultacold atoms (1)
- quantum electrodynamics (QED) (1)
- quantum fluctuations (1)
- quantum information (1)
- quantum many-body theory (1)
- quantum wire (1)
- quartz crystal microbalance (1)
- quasar: absorption line (1)
- quasars: (1)
- quasars: emission lines (1)
- quasars: individual: 3C 279 (1)
- quasars: individual: LBQS 0302-0018 (1)
- quasi-condensate (1)
- quasi-geostrophic model (1)
- quasi-geostropisches Modell (1)
- quasi-particle interaction (1)
- quasi-particles (1)
- quasiparticle interactions (1)
- quasiperiodic dynamical systems (1)
- quasiperiodisches dynamisches System (1)
- quenched energy landscape (1)
- quenching (1)
- radiation belt (1)
- radiation belt electrons (1)
- radiation belt forecasts (1)
- radiation load (1)
- radiation pressure (1)
- radio continuum: stars (1)
- radiobiology (1)
- radiography (1)
- raman (1)
- random search processes (1)
- random walks (1)
- rare events (1)
- ratchets (1)
- rate equation (1)
- raumartige Unendliche (1)
- reaction-diffusion models (1)
- reactions (1)
- reactive annealing (1)
- reaktives Anlassen (1)
- reanalysis (1)
- receptor (1)
- recombination losses (1)
- recombination order (1)
- recrystallization (1)
- recurrences (1)
- refined consensus model (1)
- refined spacetime geometries (1)
- reflected Brownian motion (1)
- reflection (1)
- regge calculus (1)
- regime shifts (1)
- regional (1)
- regional climate model (1)
- regional climate modelling (1)
- regional climate simulations (1)
- regional modeling (1)
- regionale Klimamodellierung (1)
- regionale Klimasimulationen (1)
- regionales Klimamodell (1)
- regionales Modell (1)
- regularization (1)
- rein optisches helizitätsabhängiges Schalten (AO-HDS) (1)
- relationships (1)
- relative total electron content (1)
- relativistic electron precipitation (1)
- relativistic hydrodynamics (1)
- relativistische Hydrodynamik (1)
- remagnetization (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- renormalization and refinement limit (1)
- resetting (1)
- residual stress analysis (1)
- resolution matrix (1)
- resonance fluorescence (1)
- resonant X-ray scattering (1)
- resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (1)
- resonant inelastic X-ray scattering; (1)
- resonant soft x-ray diffraction (1)
- resonante inelastische Röntgenstreuung (1)
- resonante weiche Röntgenbeugung (1)
- responsive polymer (1)
- retrieval (1)
- return level estimation (1)
- reversal (1)
- reversible binding (1)
- ribosome assembly (1)
- ring (1)
- ring current model (1)
- river floods (1)
- robotic (1)
- rock (1)
- rods (1)
- rollende Adhäsion (1)
- rotation curves of galaxies (1)
- rotational diffusion (1)
- roughness (1)
- run and tumble (1)
- rückgekoppelte Zufallsprozesse (1)
- saccade detection (1)
- satellite galaxies (1)
- scaled Brownian motion (1)
- scanning tunneling microscopy (1)
- scanning tunneling spectroscopy (1)
- scattering resonances (1)
- school internship (1)
- science education (1)
- screen (1)
- sea ice (1)
- sea level (1)
- search dynamics (1)
- search efficiency (1)
- seasonal cyclone activity forecasts (1)
- seasonality (1)
- second-harmonic generation (1)
- secure communication (1)
- segmentations (1)
- sehr hohe Energien (1)
- seismicity (1)
- selbst-getriebene Partikel (1)
- selbsterhaltende Oszillatoren (1)
- selective contact (1)
- selective laser melting (1)
- self-assembly (1)
- self-gravity (1)
- self-organisation (1)
- self-organization (1)
- self-propelled particle (1)
- self-similarity (1)
- self-steepening (1)
- self-sustained Oscillators (1)
- self-sustained oscillations (1)
- seltene Erden (1)
- semantic incongruity (1)
- semi-empirical models (1)
- semiclassical states (1)
- semiconductor gratings (1)
- semiempirische Modelle (1)
- semiklassische Zustände (1)
- sensor (1)
- sensors and actuators (1)
- shifts (1)
- sichere Übertragung (1)
- silica-on-silicon (1)
- silver (1)
- simulation of reciprocal space maps (1)
- simulations (1)
- single cell analysis (1)
- single-file motion (1)
- single-molecule (1)
- single-molecule biosensor (1)
- single-object detection (1)
- single-trajectory analysis (1)
- sink (1)
- sintering (1)
- skutterudite (1)
- slowly rotating Kerr spacetimes (1)
- small molecules (1)
- snow thermal conductivity (1)
- soft X-ray (1)
- soft X-ray absorption (1)
- soft electro-active materials (1)
- soft matter (1)
- soft matter physics (1)
- soft x-ray diffraction (1)
- soil organic matter (1)
- solar corona (1)
- solar eruption (1)
- solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field influence (1)
- solare Eruption (1)
- solid complex preparation (1)
- solid state Laser (1)
- solid state physics (1)
- solid-liquid interface (1)
- solitary wave (1)
- solvation (1)
- solvent dependence (1)
- solvent vapor annealing (1)
- sound radiation (1)
- space charge field (1)
- space physics (1)
- space-charge and polarization profiles (1)
- space-charge effects (1)
- space-charge stability (1)
- space-like infinity (1)
- space-time fractional diffusion equation (1)
- spacetime geometry (1)
- spacing (1)
- spark plasma (1)
- spatial (1)
- spatial poisson distribution (1)
- spectra (1)
- spectrometry (1)
- spectroscopic (1)
- spektrale Leistungsdichte (1)
- spin (1)
- spin foam models (1)
- spin foams (1)
- spin glass (1)
- spin resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- spin state (1)
- spin structure (1)
- spin texture (1)
- spin waves (1)
- spin-crossover (1)
- spin-dependent forces (1)
- spin-orbit interaction (1)
- spin-related factors (1)
- spin-resolved (1)
- spinaufgelöste Photoelektronenspektroskopie (1)
- spiral galaxies (1)
- spiro-OMeTAD (1)
- split Hopkinson pressure bar (1)
- spots (1)
- spread F (1)
- squeezing entanglement (1)
- stabile Isotope (1)
- stabile Schichtung (1)
- stability (1)
- stability analysis (1)
- stable isotopes (1)
- stable stratification (1)
- stable water isotopes (1)
- star clusters (1)
- starch metabolism (1)
- stars : Wolf-Rayet (1)
- stars : atmospheres (1)
- stars : early-type (1)
- stars : evolution (1)
- stars : individual : xi Per (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Oph (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Ori (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Pup (1)
- stars : mass-loss (1)
- stars : winds, outflows (1)
- stars evolution (1)
- stars: Wolft-Rayet (1)
- stars: binaries (1)
- stars: circumstellar matter (1)
- stars: distances (1)
- stars: early-typeP (1)
- stars: flare (1)
- stars: formation (1)
- stars: horizontal branch (1)
- stars: horizontal-branch (1)
- stars: individual (PHL 457, EQ Psc) (1)
- stars: individual: 4U1700-37 (1)
- stars: individual: DGCVn-gamma rays: stars (1)
- stars: individual: HD 137366 (1)
- stars: individual: HD 93129A (1)
- stars: individual: HR 5907 (1)
- stars: individual: PG 1610+062 (1)
- stars: individual: R 145 (1)
- stars: individual: SMC AB 6 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 7 (1)
- stars: late-type (1)
- stars: magnetars (1)
- stars: oscillations (1)
- stars: oscillations (including pulsations) (1)
- stars: variables: general (1)
- state model (1)
- state space reconstruction (1)
- statistical methods (1)
- statistically relevant volumes (1)
- statistische Methoden (1)
- stators (1)
- steel and concrete structures (1)
- stellar activity (1)
- stellar interferometry (1)
- stellar surface (1)
- stellare Interferometrie (1)
- stellarer Inhalt (1)
- stepped surface (1)
- stimulated Brillouin scattering (1)
- stimuli-responsive structured polymer films (1)
- stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (1)
- stochastic bursting (1)
- stochastic differential equation (1)
- stochastic network (1)
- stochastic oscillations (1)
- stochastic ratchet (1)
- stochastic systems (1)
- stochastic thermodynamics (1)
- stochastics (1)
- stochastische Dynamik (1)
- stochastische Ratsche (1)
- stochastische Systeme (1)
- stochastisches Netzwerk (1)
- stopped-flow (1)
- strain (1)
- strain fields (1)
- strain gauges (1)
- strain sensors (1)
- strain-free lattice (1)
- stratosphere (1)
- stratospheric chemistry (1)
- stratospheric circulation (1)
- stress exponent (1)
- stress recovery (1)
- stress-relaxation (1)
- structur-function relationship (1)
- structural dynamics (1)
- structural properties (1)
- structure (1)
- structure of water (1)
- structure-property (1)
- structure-property relationships (1)
- structured environments (1)
- structured substrates (1)
- structures (1)
- strukturelle Eigenschaften (1)
- strukturierte Substrate (1)
- stuck-at faults (1)
- students' conceptions (1)
- subgrain structure (1)
- sunspots (1)
- superalloys (1)
- superconductor (1)
- superconductors (1)
- superdiffusion and (1)
- superlattice dispersion (1)
- superluminescent diodes (1)
- supernovae: general (1)
- surf (1)
- surface Brillouin zone (SBZ) (1)
- surface band bending (1)
- surface charge (1)
- surface charge stability (1)
- surface chemical treatment (1)
- surface cracks (1)
- surface emissivity (1)
- surface flow (1)
- surface modification (1)
- surface morphology (1)
- surface photovoltage (1)
- surface reactivity (1)
- surface recombination (1)
- surface reconstruction (1)
- surface science (1)
- surface tension (1)
- surface treatment (1)
- surface wetting (1)
- surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (1)
- surface-relief gratings (1)
- surface-roughened (1)
- surfactant (1)
- surrogate method (1)
- surrogates (1)
- susceptibility (1)
- swelling (1)
- swelling behavior (1)
- swelling soil (1)
- switchSENSE (1)
- switchSENSE Technologie (1)
- symbolic regression (1)
- synchronisation (1)
- synchrotron X-ray refraction (1)
- synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography (SXRR) (1)
- synchrotron x-ray refraction radiography (SXRR) (1)
- synoptic cyclones (1)
- synoptische Zyklone (1)
- synthetic eumelanin (1)
- synthetisches Eumelanin (1)
- system (1)
- systems (1)
- systems subjected to parameter drift (1)
- table-top sources (1)
- tailored pulse trains (1)
- tandem solar cell (1)
- task-based parallelism (1)
- teacher professional development (1)
- techniques (1)
- techniques of optical spectroscopy: IR absorption (1)
- techniques: Image processing (1)
- techniques: radial velocities (1)
- teleconnection patterns (1)
- teleconnections (1)
- telegrapher's equation (1)
- telescope (1)
- telluride (1)
- tellurium (1)
- temperature proxy (1)
- temperature variability (1)
- tensor decompositions (1)
- terahertz range (1)
- ternary blends (1)
- terrace ... (1)
- thermal barrier coatings (1)
- thermal conductivity (1)
- thermal evolution (1)
- thermal expansion (1)
- thermal noise in mirror coatings (1)
- thermal stimulation of (1)
- thermal treatment (1)
- thermal wind equation (1)
- thermalization (1)
- thermally activated dynamics (1)
- thermally enhanced actuators (1)
- thermally induced porosity (TIP) (1)
- thermally stimulated depolarization current (1)
- thermisch aktivierte Dynamik (1)
- thermische Evolution (1)
- thermische Windgleichung (1)
- thermisches Rauschen in Spiegelbeschichtungen (1)
- thermo-luminescence (1)
- thermo-stimulated discharge (1)
- thermoacoustic effect (1)
- thermoacoustics (1)
- thermoactivational spectroscopy (1)
- thermoakustischer Effekt (1)
- thermodynamic control (1)
- thermodynamic length (1)
- thermodynamic structure (1)
- thermodynamische Struktur (1)
- thermoelectric materials (1)
- thermoelectric properties (1)
- thermoelectricity (1)
- thermoelectrics (1)
- thermophone (1)
- theta (1)
- theta neurons (1)
- thickness insensitive active layers (1)
- thin flexible and conformable films (1)
- thin organic layers (1)
- thin-film solar cells (1)
- threshold voltages (1)
- time perception (1)
- time resolved (1)
- time resolved pump probe spectroscopy (1)
- time resolved spectroskopy (1)
- time reversal symmetry (1)
- time-fractional Schrödinger equation (1)
- time-resolved (1)
- time-resolved X-ray probing (1)
- time-resolved photoemission (1)
- time-resolved x-ray diffraction (1)
- timing resilient design (1)
- tipping cascade (1)
- tipping elements (1)
- tipping interactions (1)
- tissue engineering (1)
- tolerable windows approach (1)
- tomography (XCT) (1)
- topological community (1)
- topological insulators (1)
- topologische Isolatoren (1)
- traffic jams (1)
- trajectories (1)
- tranfer excited-state (1)
- transcrystalline polypropylene (1)
- transient absorption (1)
- transient absorption spectroscopy (1)
- transient grating (1)
- transient grating spectroscopy (1)
- transient methods (1)
- transient spectroscopy (1)
- transiente Messmethoden (1)
- transientes Gitter (1)
- transition (1)
- transition metal complexes (1)
- transition metal systems (1)
- transition metals (1)
- transition moment (1)
- transition state (1)
- transkristallines Polypropylen (1)
- transparent conductors (1)
- transport and interaction phase (1)
- transport layer (1)
- transport layers (1)
- transports (1)
- transversal instabilities (1)
- trap-depth (1)
- trapping (1)
- traveling waves (1)
- travelling waves (1)
- triple-axis spectroscopy (1)
- triple-cation perovskite (1)
- tug-of-war (1)
- turbulence measurement (1)
- turbulence parameterizations (1)
- turbulent wind shear zone (1)
- twisted state (1)
- two-dimensional (1)
- ultra-fast laser inscription technology (1)
- ultra-high energy cosmic rays (1)
- ultrafast X-ray diffraction (1)
- ultrafast optics (1)
- ultrahochenergetische kosmische Strahlung (1)
- ultrarelativistic electrons (1)
- ultraschnelle Moleküldynamik (1)
- ultraschnelle Phänomene (1)
- ultraschnelle Röntgenbeugung (1)
- ultraschnelle Röntgendiffraktion (1)
- ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- ultraviolet: galaxies (1)
- ultraviolet: stars (1)
- undercooling (1)
- ungeordnete Systeme (1)
- upconversion nanoparticles (1)
- upper atmosphere model (1)
- urban (1)
- urbanisation (1)
- vacuum fluctuations (1)
- valence band (VB) (1)
- valence band maximum (VBM) (1)
- valence band structure (1)
- van allen probes (RBSP) (1)
- van allen probes; (1)
- van der Waals forces (1)
- van der Waals-Kräfte (1)
- vapour deposition (1)
- variability (1)
- variable order (1)
- vegetation (1)
- verb (1)
- verb simulations; (1)
- verrauschte Oszillatoren (1)
- very-high energy (1)
- vesicles (1)
- vibrational resonance (1)
- vibrational spectroscopy (1)
- violin (1)
- virus (1)
- viscoelastic effects and anomalous diffusion (1)
- viscoplastic theory (1)
- viscosity (1)
- visibility (1)
- viskoplastische Theorie (1)
- visual fixation (1)
- wafers (1)
- walks (1)
- waste heat (1)
- water (1)
- water adsorption (1)
- water diffusion in the brain (1)
- water ice (1)
- water-interface (1)
- water-methane films (1)
- wave equation (1)
- wave particle interaction (1)
- wave scattering (1)
- wavelength shift (1)
- weak ergodicity breaking (1)
- wearable (1)
- weather (1)
- weather extremes (1)
- wetting transition (1)
- whispering gallery modes (1)
- white-light generation (1)
- wind bubble (1)
- wind channelling (1)
- wind direction (1)
- wind field (1)
- wind speed (1)
- windlidar (1)
- winkelaufgelöste Photoelektronenspektroskopie (1)
- wässrige Filme (1)
- x-ray (1)
- x-ray free-electron lasers (1)
- x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) (1)
- x-ray magnetic resonant diffraction (XMRD) (1)
- x-ray photoemission (1)
- x-ray spectroscopies and phenomena (1)
- x-ray-absorption (1)
- zebrafish (1)
- zeitaufgelöst (1)
- zeitaufgelöste Röntgenbeugung (1)
- zeitaufgelöste Spektroskopie (1)
- zeitverzögerte Selbstkopplung (1)
- zerstörungfreie Prüfung (1)
- zirkumgalaktischen Medium (1)
- zufälligen Diffusivität (1)
- zweite Harmonische (1)
- µCT (1)
- Ökologie (1)
- Ökonomisches Netzwerk (1)
- Überflutung (1)
- Übergang (1)
- Übergangsmetall - Komplexe (1)
- Übergangsmetalle (1)
- Übergangsmoment (1)
- Übergangszustand (1)
- Übergitter Dispersion (1)
- Überhitzung (1)
- азобензолсодержащие ПАВ (1)
- иперболический аттрактор (1)
- каталитическая изомеризация азобензолов (1)
- оллективная динамика (1)
- плазмонные наночастицы (1)
- показатель преломления азобензолов (1)
- синхронизация (1)
Institute
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (1486) (remove)
Improving permafrost dynamics in land surface models: insights from dual sensitivity experiments
(2024)
The thawing of permafrost and the subsequent release of greenhouse gases constitute one of the most significant and uncertain positive feedback loops in the context of climate change, making predictions regarding changes in permafrost coverage of paramount importance. To address these critical questions, climate scientists have developed Land Surface Models (LSMs) that encompass a multitude of physical soil processes. This thesis is committed to advancing our understanding and refining precise representations of permafrost dynamics within LSMs, with a specific focus on the accurate modeling of heat fluxes, an essential component for simulating permafrost physics.
The first research question overviews fundamental model prerequisites for the representation of permafrost soils within land surface modeling. It includes a first-of-its-kind comparison between LSMs in CMIP6 to reveal their differences and shortcomings in key permafrost physics parameters. Overall, each of these LSMs represents a unique approach to simulating soil processes and their interactions with the climate system. Choosing the most appropriate model for a particular application depends on factors such as the spatial and temporal scale of the simulation, the specific research question, and available computational resources.
The second research question evaluates the performance of the state-of-the-art Community Land Model (CLM5) in simulating Arctic permafrost regions. Our approach overcomes traditional evaluation limitations by individually addressing depth, seasonality, and regional variations, providing a comprehensive assessment of permafrost and soil temperature dynamics. I compare CLM5's results with three extensive datasets: (1) soil temperatures from 295 borehole stations, (2) active layer thickness (ALT) data from the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring Network (CALM), and (3) soil temperatures, ALT, and permafrost extent from the ESA Climate Change Initiative (ESA-CCI). The results show that CLM5 aligns well with ESA-CCI and CALM for permafrost extent and ALT but reveals a significant global cold temperature bias, notably over Siberia. These results echo a persistent challenge identified in numerous studies: the existence of a systematic 'cold bias' in soil temperature over permafrost regions. To address this challenge, the following research questions propose dual sensitivity experiments.
The third research question represents the first study to apply a Plant Functional Type (PFT)-based approach to derive soil texture and soil organic matter (SOM), departing from the conventional use of coarse-resolution global data in LSMs. This novel method results in a more uniform distribution of soil organic matter density (OMD) across the domain, characterized by reduced OMD values in most regions. However, changes in soil texture exhibit a more intricate spatial pattern. Comparing the results to observations reveals a significant reduction in the cold bias observed in the control run. This method shows noticeable improvements in permafrost extent, but at the cost of an overestimation in ALT. These findings emphasize the model's high sensitivity to variations in soil texture and SOM content, highlighting the crucial role of soil composition in governing heat transfer processes and shaping the seasonal variation of soil temperatures in permafrost regions.
Expanding upon a site experiment conducted in Trail Valley Creek by \citet{dutch_impact_2022}, the fourth research question extends the application of the snow scheme proposed by \citet{sturm_thermal_1997} to cover the entire Arctic domain. By employing a snow scheme better suited to the snow density profile observed over permafrost regions, this thesis seeks to assess its influence on simulated soil temperatures. Comparing this method to observational datasets reveals a significant reduction in the cold bias that was present in the control run. In most regions, the Sturm run exhibits a substantial decrease in the cold bias. However, there is a distinctive overshoot with a warm bias observed in mountainous areas. The Sturm experiment effectively addressed the overestimation of permafrost extent in the control run, albeit resulting in a substantial reduction in permafrost extent over mountainous areas. ALT results remain relatively consistent compared to the control run. These outcomes align with our initial hypothesis, which anticipated that the reduced snow insulation in the Sturm run would lead to higher winter soil temperatures and a more accurate representation of permafrost physics.
In summary, this thesis demonstrates significant advancements in understanding permafrost dynamics and its integration into LSMs. It has meticulously unraveled the intricacies involved in the interplay between heat transfer, soil properties, and snow dynamics in permafrost regions. These insights offer novel perspectives on model representation and performance.
Non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) as used in state-of-the-art organic solar cells feature highly crystalline layers that go along with low energetic disorder.
Here, the crucial role of energetic disorder in blends of the donor polymer PM6 with two Y-series NFAs, Y6, and N4 is studied.
By performing temperature-dependent charge transport and recombination studies, a consistent picture of the shape of the density of state distributions for free charges in the two blends is developed, allowing an analytical description of the dependence of the open-circuit voltage V-OC on temperature and illumination intensity.
Disorder is found to influence the value of the V-OC at room temperature, but also its progression with temperature. Here, the PM6:Y6 blend benefits substantially from its narrower state distributions.
The analysis also shows that the energy of the equilibrated free charge population is well below the energy of the NFA singlet excitons for both blends and possibly below the energy of the populated charge transfer manifold, indicating a down-hill driving force for free charge formation.
It is concluded that energetic disorder of charge-separated states has to be considered in the analysis of the photovoltaic properties, even for the more ordered PM6:Y6 blend.
The formation of large polarons has been proposed as reason for the high defect tolerance, low mobility, low charge carrier trapping, and low nonradiative recombination rates of lead halide perovskites. Recently, direct evidence for large-polaron formation has been reported from a 50% effective mass enhancement in angle-resolved photoemission of CsPbBr3 over theory for the orthorhombic structure. We present in-depth band dispersion measurements of CsPbBr3 and GW calculations, which lead to similar effective masses at the valence band maximum of 0.203 1 0.016 m0 in experiment and 0.226 m0 in orthorhombic theory. We argue that the effective mass can be explained solely on the basis of electron-electron correlation and largepolaron formation cannot be concluded from photoemission data.
Only a fast and global transformation towards decarbonization and sustainability can keep the Earth in a civilization-friendly state. As hotspots for (green) innovation and experimentation, cities could play an important role in this transition. They are also known to profit from each other's ideas, with policy and technology innovations spreading to other cities. In this way, cities can be conceptualized as nodes in a globe-spanning learning network. The dynamics of this process are important for society's response to climate change and other challenges, but remain poorly understood on a macroscopic level. In this contribution, we develop an approach to identify whether network-based complex contagion effects are a feature of sustainability policy adoption by cities, based on dose-response contagion and surrogate data models. We apply this methodology to an exemplary data set, comprising empirical data on the spreading of a public transport innovation (Bus Rapid Transit Systems) and a global inter-city connection network based on scheduled flight routes. Although our approach is not able to identify detailed mechanisms, our results point towards a contagious spreading process, and cannot be explained by either the network structure or the increase in global adoption rate alone. Further research on the role of a city's abstract "global neighborhood" regarding its policy and innovation decisions is thus both needed and promising, and may connect with research on social tipping processes. The methodology is generic, and can be used to compare the predictive power for innovation spreading of different kinds of inter-city network connections, e.g. via transport links, trade, or co-membership in political networks.
We investigate the effects of Markovian resetting events on continuous time random walks where the waiting times and the jump lengths are random variables distributed according to power-law probability density functions.
We prove the existence of a nonequilibrium stationary state and finite mean first arrival time.
However, the existence of an optimum reset rate is conditioned to a specific relationship between the exponents of both power-law tails.
We also investigate the search efficiency by finding the optimal random walk which minimizes the mean first arrival time in terms of the reset rate, the distance of the initial position to the target, and the characteristic transport exponents.
Leptonic nonthermal emission from supernova remnants evolving in the circumstellar magnetic field
(2022)
The very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission observed from a number of supernova remnants (SNRs) indicates particle acceleration to high energies at the shock of the remnants and a potentially significant contribution to Galactic cosmic rays. It is extremely difficult to determine whether protons (through hadronic interactions and subsequent pion decay) or electrons (through inverse Compton scattering on ambient photon fields) are responsible for this emission. For a successful diagnostic, a good understanding of the spatial and energy distribution of the underlying particle population is crucial. Most SNRs are created in core-collapse explosions and expand into the wind bubble of their progenitor stars. This circumstellar medium features a complex spatial distribution of gas and magnetic field which naturally strongly affects the resulting particle population. In this work, we conduct a detailed study of the spectro-spatial evolution of the electrons accelerated at the forward shock of core-collapse SNRs and their nonthermal radiation, using the RATPaC code that is designed for the time- and spatially dependent treatment of particle acceleration at SNR shocks. We focus on the impact of the spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field through the efficiency of diffusion and synchrotron cooling. It is demonstrated that the structure of the circumstellar magnetic field can leave strong signatures in the spectrum and morphology of the resulting nonthermal emission.
Ultrafast X-ray diffraction is used to quantify the transport of energy in laser-excited nanoscale gold-nickel (Au-Ni) bilayers.
Electron transport and efficient electron-phonon coupling in Ni convert the laser-deposited energy in the conduction electrons within a few picoseconds into a strong non-equilibrium between hot Ni and cold Au phonons at the bilayer interface.
Modeling of the subsequent equilibration dynamics within various two-temperature models confirms that for ultrathin Au films, the thermal transport is dominated by phonons instead of conduction electrons because of the weak electron-phonon coupling in Au.
Magnetic reconnection is a multi-faceted process of energy conversion in astrophysical, space and laboratory plasmas that operates at microscopic scales but has macroscopic drivers and consequences.
Solar flares present a key laboratory for its study, leaving imprints of the microscopic physics in radiation spectra and allowing the macroscopic evolution to be imaged, yet a full observational characterization remains elusive.
Here we combine high resolution imaging and spectral observations of a confined solar flare at multiple wavelengths with data-constrained magnetohydrodynamic modeling to study the dynamics of the flare plasma from the current sheet to the plasmoid scale. The analysis suggests that the flare resulted from the interaction of a twisted magnetic flux rope surrounding a filament with nearby magnetic loops whose feet are anchored in chromospheric fibrils. Bright cusp-shaped structures represent the region around a reconnecting separator or quasi-separator (hyperbolic flux tube).
The fast reconnection, which is relevant for other astrophysical environments, revealed plasmoids in the current sheet and separatrices and associated unresolved turbulent motions.
Solar flares provide wide range of observational details about fundamental processes involved. Here, the authors show evidence for magnetic reconnection in a strong confined solar flare displaying all four reconnection flows with plasmoids in the current sheet and the separatrices.
The simultaneous detection of gravitational waves and light from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 led to independent measurements of distance and redshift, providing a direct estimate of the Hubble constant H-0 that does not rely on a cosmic distance ladder, nor assumes a specific cosmological model.
By using gravitational waves as "standard sirens", this approach holds promise to arbitrate the existing tension between the H-0 value inferred from the cosmic microwave background and those obtained from local measurements.
However, the known degeneracy in the gravitational-wave analysis between distance and inclination of the source led to a H-0 value from GW170817 that was not precise enough to resolve the existing tension.
In this review, we summarize recent works exploiting the viewing-angle dependence of the electromagnetic signal, namely the associated short gamma-ray burst and kilonova, to constrain the system inclination and improve on H-0.
We outline the key ingredients of the different methods, summarize the results obtained in the aftermath of GW170817 and discuss the possible systematics introduced by each of these methods.
In the last years, electron density profile functions characterized by a linear dependence on the scale height showed good results when approximating the topside ionosphere. The performance above 800 km, however, is not yet well investigated.
This study investigates the capability of the semi-Epstein functions to represent electron density profiles from the peak height up to 20,000 km. Electron density observations recorded by the Van Allen Probes were used to resolve the scale height dependence in the plasmasphere.
It was found that the linear dependence of the scale height in the topside ionosphere cannot be directly used to extrapolate profiles above 800 km.
We find that the dependence of scale heights on altitude is quadratic in the plasmasphere. A statistical model of the scale heights is therefore proposed. After combining the topside ionosphere and plasmasphere by a unified model, we have obtained good estimations not only in the profile shapes, but also in the Total Electron Content magnitude and distributions when compared to actual measurements from 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017.
Our investigation shows that Van Allen Probes can be merged to radio-occultation data to properly represent the upper ionosphere and plasmasphere by means of a semi-Epstein function.
A large Rashba effect is essential for future applications in spintronics. Particularly attractive is understanding and controlling nonequilibrium properties of ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors. Here, time- and angle-resolved photoemission is utilized to access the ultrafast dynamics of bulk and surface transient Rashba states after femtosecond optical excitation of GeTe. A complex thermalization pathway is observed, wherein three different timescales can be clearly distinguished: intraband thermalization, interband equilibration, and electronic cooling. These dynamics exhibit an unconventional temperature dependence: while the cooling phase speeds up with increasing sample temperature, the opposite happens for interband thermalization. It is demonstrated how, due to the Rashba effect, an interdependence of these timescales on the relative strength of both electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions is responsible for the counterintuitive temperature dependence, with spin-selection constrained interband electron-electron scatterings found both to dominate dynamics away from the Fermi level, and to weaken with increasing temperature. These findings are supported by theoretical calculations within the Boltzmann approach explicitly showing the opposite behavior of all relevant electron-electron and electron-phonon scattering channels with temperature, thus confirming the microscopic mechanism of the experimental findings. The present results are important for future applications of ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors and their excitations in ultrafast spintronics.
Using over-5-year EMFISIS wave measurements from Van Allen Probes, we present a detailed survey to identify the controlling factors among the geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters for the 1-min root mean square amplitudes of lower band chorus (LBC) and upper band chorus (UBC).
A set of important features are automatically determined by feature selection techniques, namely, Random Forest and Maximum Relevancy Minimum Redundancy. Our analysis results indicate the AE index with zero-time-delay dominates the intensity evolution of LBC and UBC, consistent with the evidence that chorus waves prefer to occur and amplify during enhanced substorm periods. Regarding solar wind parameters, solar wind speed and IMF B-z are identified as the controlling factors for chorus wave intensity. Using the combination of all these important features, a predictive neural network model of chorus wave intensity is established to reconstruct the temporal variations of chorus wave intensity, for which application of Random Forest produces the overall best performance.
Plain Language Summary
Whistler mode chorus waves are electromagnetic waves observed in the low-density region near the geomagnetic equator outside the plasmapause. The dynamics of Earth's radiation belts are largely influenced by chorus waves owing to their dual contributions to both radiation belt electron acceleration and loss. In this study, we use feature selection techniques to identify the controlling geomagnetic and solar wind factors for magnetospheric chorus waves. Feature selection techniques implement the processes which can select the features most influential to the output.
In this study, the inputs are geomagnetic indices and solar wind parameters and the output is the chorus wave intensity. The results indicate that AE index with zerotime delay dominates the chorus wave intensity. Furthermore, solar wind speed and IMF B-z are identified as the most important solar wind drivers for chorus wave intensity.
On basis of the combination of all these important geomagnetic and solar wind controlling factors, we develop a neural network model of chorus wave intensity, and find that the model with the inputs identified using the Random Forest method produces the overall best performance.
The determination of the spin state of iron-bearing compounds at high pressure and temperature is crucial for our understanding of chemical and physical properties of the deep Earth. Studies on the relationship between the coordination of iron and its electronic spin structure in iron-bearing oxides, silicates, carbonates, iron alloys, and other minerals found in the Earth's mantle and core are scarce because of the technical challenges to simultaneously probe the sample at high pressures and temperatures. We used the unique properties of a pulsed and highly brilliant x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beam at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European XFEL to x-ray heat and probe samples contained in a diamond anvil cell. We heated and probed with the same x-ray pulse train and simultaneously measured x-ray emission and x-ray diffraction of an FeCO3 sample at a pressure of 51 GPa with up to melting temperatures. We collected spin state sensitive Fe K beta(1,3) fluorescence spectra and detected the sample's structural changes via diffraction, observing the inverse volume collapse across the spin transition. During x-ray heating, the carbonate transforms into orthorhombic Fe4C3O12 and iron oxides. Incipient melting was also observed. This approach to collect information about the electronic state and structural changes from samples contained in a diamond anvil cell at melting temperatures and above will considerably improve our understanding of the structure and dynamics of planetary and exoplanetary interiors.
We present a study of the control of electric field induced strain on the magnetic and electrical transport properties in a magnetoelastically coupled artificial multiferroic Fe3O4/BaTiO3 heterostructure.
In this Fe3O4/BaTiO3 heterostructure, the Fe3O4 thin film is epitaxially grown in the form of bilateral domains, analogous to a-c stripe domains of the underlying BaTiO3(001) substrate.
By in situ electric field dependent magnetization measurements, we demonstrate the extrinsic control of the magnetic anisotropy and the characteristic Verwey metal-insulator transition of the epitaxial Fe3O4 thin film in a wide temperature range between 20-300 K, via strain mediated converse magnetoelectric coupling.
In addition, we observe strain induced modulations in the magnetic and electrical transport properties of the Fe3O4 thin film across the thermally driven intrinsic ferroelectric and structural phase transitions of the BaTiO3 substrate.
In situ electric field dependent Raman measurements reveal that the electric field does not significantly modify the antiphase boundary defects in the Fe3O4 thin film once it is thermodynamically stable after deposition and that the modification of the magnetic properties is mainly caused by strain induced lattice distortions and magnetic anisotropy.
These results provide a framework to realize electrical control of the magnetization in a classical highly correlated transition metal oxide.
The time instant-the first-passage time (FPT)-when a diffusive particle (e.g., a ligand such as oxygen or a signalling protein) for the first time reaches an immobile target located on the surface of a bounded three-dimensional domain (e.g., a hemoglobin molecule or the cellular nucleus) is a decisive characteristic time-scale in diverse biophysical and biochemical processes, as well as in intermediate stages of various inter- and intra-cellular signal transduction pathways. Adam and Delbruck put forth the reduction-of-dimensionality concept, according to which a ligand first binds non-specifically to any point of the surface on which the target is placed and then diffuses along this surface until it locates the target. In this work, we analyse the efficiency of such a scenario and confront it with the efficiency of a direct search process, in which the target is approached directly from the bulk and not aided by surface diffusion. We consider two situations: (i) a single ligand is launched from a fixed or a random position and searches for the target, and (ii) the case of 'amplified' signals when N ligands start either from the same point or from random positions, and the search terminates when the fastest of them arrives to the target. For such settings, we go beyond the conventional analyses, which compare only the mean values of the corresponding FPTs. Instead, we calculate the full probability density function of FPTs for both scenarios and study its integral characteristic-the 'survival' probability of a target up to time t. On this basis, we examine how the efficiencies of both scenarios are controlled by a variety of parameters and single out realistic conditions in which the reduction-of-dimensionality scenario outperforms the direct search.
How related are the ergodic properties of the over- and underdamped Langevin equations driven by fractional Gaussian noise? We here find that for massive particles performing fractional Brownian motion (FBM) inertial effects not only destroy the stylized fact of the equivalence of the ensemble-averaged mean-squared displacement (MSD) to the time-averaged MSD (TAMSD) of overdamped or massless FBM, but also dramatically alter the values of the ergodicity-breaking parameter (EB). Our theoretical results for the behavior of EB for underdamped or massive FBM for varying particle mass m, Hurst exponent H, and trace length T are in excellent agreement with the findings of stochastic computer simulations. The current results can be of interest for the experimental community employing various single-particle-tracking techniques and aiming at assessing the degree of nonergodicity for the recorded time series (studying, e.g., the behavior of EB versus lag time). To infer FBM as a realizable model of anomalous diffusion for a set single-particle-tracking data when massive particles are being tracked, the EBs from the data should be compared to EBs of massive (rather than massless) FBM.
We employ Langevin-dynamics simulations to unveil non-Brownian and non-Gaussian center-of-mass self-diffusion of massive flexible dumbbell-shaped particles in crowded two-dimensional solutions. We study the intradumbbell dynamics of the relative motion of the two constituent elastically coupled disks. Our main focus is on effects of the crowding fraction phi and of the particle structure on the diffusion characteristics. We evaluate the time-averaged mean-squared displacement (TAMSD), the displacement probability-density function (PDF), and the displacement autocorrelation function (ACF) of the dimers. For the TAMSD at highly crowded conditions of dumbbells, e.g., we observe a transition from the short-time ballistic behavior, via an intermediate subdiffusive regime, to long-time Brownian-like spreading dynamics. The crowded system of dimers exhibits two distinct diffusion regimes distinguished by the scaling exponent of the TAMSD, the dependence of the diffusivity on phi, and the features of the displacement-ACF. We attribute these regimes to a crowding-induced transition from viscous to viscoelastic diffusion upon growing phi. We also analyze the relative motion in the dimers, finding that larger phi suppress their vibrations and yield strongly non-Gaussian PDFs of rotational displacements. For the diffusion coefficients D(phi) of translational and rotational motion of the dumbbells an exponential decay with phi for weak and a power-law variation D(phi) proportional to (phi - phi(star))(2.4) for strong crowding is found. A comparison of simulation results with theoretical predictions for D(phi) is discussed and some relevant experimental systems are overviewed.
We consider the spatiotemporal states of an ensemble of nonlocally coupled nonidentical phase oscillators, which correspond to different regimes of the long-term evolution of such a system. We have obtained homogeneous, twisted, and nonhomogeneous stationary solutions to the Ott-Antonsen equations corresponding to key variants of the realized collective rotational motion of elements of the medium in question with nonzero mesoscopic characteristics determining the degree of coherence of the dynamics of neighboring particles. We have described the procedures of the search for the class of nonhomogeneous solutions as stationary points of the auxiliary point map and of determining the stability based on analysis of the eigenvalue spectrum of the composite operator. Static and breather cluster regimes have been demonstrated and described, as well as the regimes with an irregular behavior of averaged complex fields including, in particular, the local order parameter.
The field of movement ecology has seen a rapid increase in high-resolution data in recent years, leading to the development of numerous statistical and numerical methods to analyse relocation trajectories. Data are often collected at the level of the individual and for long periods that may encompass a range of behaviours.
Here, we use the power spectral density (PSD) to characterise the random movement patterns of a black-winged kite (Elanus caeruleus) and a white stork (Ciconia ciconia). The tracks are first segmented and clustered into different behaviours (movement modes), and for each mode we measure the PSD and the ageing properties of the process.
For the foraging kite we find 1/f noise, previously reported in ecological systems mainly in the context of population dynamics, but not for movement data. We further suggest plausible models for each of the behavioural modes by comparing both the measured PSD exponents and the distribution of the single-trajectory PSD to known theoretical results and simulations.
Lennard-Jones mixtures represent one of the popular systems for the study of glass-forming liquids.
Spatio/temporal heterogeneity and rare (activated) events are at the heart of the slow dynamics typical of these systems. Such slow dynamics is characterised by the development of a plateau in the mean-squared displacement (MSD) at intermediate times, accompanied by a non-Gaussianity in the displacement distribution identified by exponential tails.
As pointed out by some recent works, the non-Gaussianity persists at times beyond the MSD plateau, leading to a Brownian yet non-Gaussian regime and thus highlighting once again the relevance of rare events in such systems.
Single-particle motion of glass-forming liquids is usually interpreted as an alternation of rattling within the local cage and cage-escape motion and therefore can be described as a sequence of waiting times and jumps. In this work, by using a simple yet robust algorithm, we extract jumps and waiting times from single-particle trajectories obtained via molecular dynamics simulations.
We investigate the presence of correlations between waiting times and find negative correlations, which becomes more and more pronounced when lowering the temperature.
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have progressed rapidly in recent years through the development of novel organic photoactive materials, especially non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Consequently, OSCs based on state-of-the-art NFAs have reached significant milestones, such as similar to 19% power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and small energy losses (less than 0.5 eV). Despite these significant advances, understanding of the interplay between molecular structure and optoelectronic properties lags significantly behind. For example, despite the theoretical framework for describing the energetic disorder being well developed for the case of inorganic semiconductors, the question of the applicability of classical semiconductor theories in analyzing organic semiconductors is still under debate. A general observation in the inorganic field is that inorganic photovoltaic materials possessing a polycrystalline microstructure exhibit suppressed disorder properties and better charge carrier transport compared to their amorphous analogs. Accordingly, this principle extends to the organic semiconductor field as many organic photovoltaic materials are synthesized to pursue polycrystalline-like features. Yet, there appears to be sporadic examples that exhibit an opposite trend. However, full studies decoupling energetic disorder from aggregation effects have largely been left out. Hence, the potential role of the energetic disorder in OSCs has received little attention. Interestingly, recently reported state-of-the-art NFA-based devices could achieve a small energetic disorder and high PCE at the same time; and interest in this investigation related to the disorder properties in OSCs was revived. In this contribution, progress in terms of the correlation between molecular design and energetic disorder is reviewed together with their effects on the optoelectronic mechanism and photovoltaic performance. Finally, the specific challenges and possible solutions in reducing the energetic disorder of OSCs from the viewpoint of materials and devices are proposed.
In organic solar cells, the resulting device efficiency depends strongly on the local morphology and intermolecular interactions of the blend film. Optical spectroscopy was used to identify the spectral signatures of interacting chromophores in blend films of the donor polymer PM6 with two state-of-the-art nonfullerene acceptors, Y6 and N4, which differ merely in the branching point of the side chain. From temperature-dependent absorption and luminescence spectroscopy in solution, it is inferred that both acceptor materials form two types of aggregates that differ in their interaction energy. Y6 forms an aggregate with a predominant J-type character in solution, while for N4 molecules the interaction is predominantly in a H-like manner in solution and freshly spin-cast film, yet the molecules reorient with respect to each other with time or thermal annealing to adopt a more J-type interaction. The different aggregation behavior of the acceptor materials is also reflected in the blend films and accounts for the different solar cell efficiencies reported with the two blends.
The mobile-immobile model (MIM) has been established in geoscience in the context of contaminant transport in groundwater. Here the tracer particles effectively immobilise, e.g., due to diffusion into dead-end pores or sorption. The main idea of the MIM is to split the total particle density into a mobile and an immobile density. Individual tracers switch between the mobile and immobile state following a two-state telegraph process, i.e., the residence times in each state are distributed exponentially. In geoscience the focus lies on the breakthrough curve (BTC), which is the concentration at a fixed location over time. We apply the MIM to biological experiments with a special focus on anomalous scaling regimes of the mean squared displacement (MSD) and non-Gaussian displacement distributions. As an exemplary system, we have analysed the motion of tau proteins, that diffuse freely inside axons of neurons. Their free diffusion thereby corresponds to the mobile state of the MIM. Tau proteins stochastically bind to microtubules, which effectively immobilises the tau proteins until they unbind and continue diffusing. Long immobilisation durations compared to the mobile durations give rise to distinct non-Gaussian Laplace shaped distributions. It is accompanied by a plateau in the MSD for initially mobile tracer particles at relevant intermediate timescales. An equilibrium fraction of initially mobile tracers gives rise to non-Gaussian displacements at intermediate timescales, while the MSD remains linear at all times. In another setting bio molecules diffuse in a biosensor and transiently bind to specific receptors, where advection becomes relevant in the mobile state. The plateau in the MSD observed for the advection-free setting and long immobilisation durations persists also for the case with advection. We find a new clear regime of anomalous diffusion with non-Gaussian distributions and a cubic scaling of the MSD. This regime emerges for initially mobile and for initially immobile tracers. For an equilibrium fraction of initially mobile tracers we observe an intermittent ballistic scaling of the MSD. The long-time effective diffusion coefficient is enhanced by advection, which we physically explain with the variance of mobile durations. Finally, we generalize the MIM to incorporate arbitrary immobilisation time distributions and focus on a Mittag-Leffler immobilisation time distribution with power-law tail ~ t^(-1-mu) with 0<mu<1 and diverging mean immobilisation durations. A fit of our model to the BTC of experimental data from tracer particles in aquifers matches the BTC including the power-law tail. We use the fit parameters for plotting the displacement distributions and the MSD. We find Gaussian normal diffusion at short times and long-time power-law decay of mobile mass accompanied by anomalous diffusion at long times. The long-time diffusion is subdiffusive in the advection-free setting, while it is either subdiffusive for 0<mu<1/2 or superdiffusive for 1/2<mu<1 when advection is present. In the long-time limit we show equivalence of our model to a bi-fractional diffusion equation.
We investigate a class of diffusion-controlled reactions that are initiated at the time instance when a prescribed number K among N particles independently diffusing in a solvent are simultaneously bound to a target region.
In the irreversible target-binding setting, the particles that bind to the target stay there forever, and the reaction time is the Kth fastest first-passage time to the target, whose distribution is well-known. In turn, reversible binding, which is common for most applications, renders theoretical analysis much more challenging and drastically changes the distribution of reaction times.
We develop a renewal-based approach to derive an approximate solution for the probability density of the reaction time.
This approximation turns out to be remarkably accurate for a broad range of parameters.
We also analyze the dependence of the mean reaction time or, equivalently, the inverse reaction rate, on the main parameters such as K, N, and binding/unbinding constants. Some biophysical applications and further perspectives are briefly discussed.
We consider an array of nonlocally coupled oscillators on a ring, which for equally spaced units possesses a Kuramoto-Battogtokh chimera regime and a synchronous state. We demonstrate that disorder in oscillators positions leads to a transition from the synchronous to the chimera state. For a static (quenched) disorder we find that the probability of synchrony survival depends on the number of particles, from nearly zero at small populations to one in the thermodynamic limit. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the synchrony gets destroyed for randomly (ballistically or diffusively) moving oscillators. We show that, depending on the number of oscillators, there are different scalings of the transition time with this number and the velocity of the units.
We report generation of ultra-broadband longitudinal acoustic coherent phonon wavepackets in SrTiO3 (STO) with frequency components extending throughout the first Brillouin zone. The wavepackets are efficiently generated in STO using femtosecond infrared laser excitation of an atomically flat 1.6 nm-thick epitaxial SrRuO3 film. We use femtosecond x-ray diffraction at the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility to study the dispersion and damping of phonon wavepackets. The experimentally determined damping constants for multi-THz frequency phonons compare favorably to the extrapolation of a simple ultrasound damping model over several orders of magnitude.
We address the effect of stochastic resetting on diffusion and subdiffusion process. For diffusion we find that mean square displacement relaxes to a constant only when the distribution of reset times possess finite mean and variance. In this case, the leading order contribution to the probability density function (PDF) of a Gaussian propagator under resetting exhibits a cusp independent of the specific details of the reset time distribution. For subdiffusion we derive the PDF in Laplace space for arbitrary resetting protocol. Resetting at constant rate allows evaluation of the PDF in terms of H function. We analyze the steady state and derive the rate function governing the relaxation behavior. For a subdiffusive process the steady state could exist even if the distribution of reset times possesses only finite mean.
We study the first-arrival (first-hitting) dynamics and efficiency of a one-dimensional random search model performing asymmetric Levy flights by leveraging the Fokker-Planck equation with a delta-sink and an asymmetric space-fractional derivative operator with stable index alpha and asymmetry (skewness) parameter beta.
We find exact analytical results for the probability density of first-arrival times and the search efficiency, and we analyse their behaviour within the limits of short and long times.
We find that when the starting point of the searcher is to the right of the target, random search by Brownian motion is more efficient than Levy flights with beta <= 0 (with a rightward bias) for short initial distances, while for beta>0 (with a leftward bias) Levy flights with alpha -> 1 are more efficient.
When increasing the initial distance of the searcher to the target, Levy flight search (except for alpha=1 with beta=0) is more efficient than the Brownian search. Moreover, the asymmetry in jumps leads to essentially higher efficiency of the Levy search compared to symmetric Levy flights at both short and long distances, and the effect is more pronounced for stable indices alpha close to unity.
HCNO is a molecule of considerable astrochemical interest as a precursor to prebiotic molecules. It is synthesized by preparative pyrolysis and is unstable at room temperature. Here, we investigate its spectroscopy in the soft X-ray regime at the C 1s, N 1s and O 1s edges. All 1s ionization energies are reported and X-ray absorption spectra reveal the transitions from the 1s to the pi* state. Resonant and normal Auger electron spectra for the decay of the core hole states are recorded in a hemispherical analyzer. An assignment of the experimental spectra is provided with the aid of theoretical counterparts. The latter are using a valence configuration interaction representation of the intermediate and final state energies and wavefunctions, the one-center approximation for transition rates and band shapes according to the moment theory. The computed spectra are in very good agreement with the experimental data and most of the relevant bands are assigned. Additionally, we present a simple approach to estimate relative Auger transition rates on the basis of a minimal basis representation of the molecular orbitals. We demonstrate that this provides a qualitatively good and reliable estimate for several signals in the normal and resonant Auger electron spectra which have significantly different intensities in the decay of the three core holes.
The interplay between free charge carriers, charge transfer (CT) states and singlet excitons (S-1) determines the recombination pathway and the resulting open circuit voltage (V-OC) of organic solar cells.
By combining a well-aggregated low bandgap polymer with different blend ratios of the fullerenes PCBM and ICBA, the energy of the CT state (E-CT) is varied by 130 meV while leaving the S-1 energy of the polymer (ES1\[{E_{{{\rm{S}}_1}}}\]) unaffected.
It is found that the polymer exciton dominates the radiative properties of the blend when ECT\[{E_{{\rm{CT}}}}\] approaches ES1\[{E_{{{\rm{S}}_1}}}\], while the V-OC remains limited by the non-radiative decay of the CT state.
It is concluded that an increasing strength of the exciton in the optical spectra of organic solar cells will generally decrease the non-radiative voltage loss because it lowers the radiative V-OC limit (V-OC,V-rad), but not because it is more emissive.
The analysis further suggests that electronic coupling between the CT state and the S-1 will not improve the V-OC, but rather reduce the V-OC,V-rad.
It is anticipated that only at very low CT state absorption combined with a fairly high CT radiative efficiency the solar cell benefit from the radiative properties of the singlet excitons.
The subsequent observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network will likely provide us with various gravitational-wave observations of binary neutron star systems. For an accurate interpretation of these detections, we need reliable gravitational-wave models. To test and to point out how existing models could be improved, we perform a set of high-resolution numerical relativity simulations for four different physical setups with mass ratios q = 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.00, and total gravitational mass M = 2.7 M???. Each configuration is simulated with five different resolutions to allow a proper error assessment. Overall, we find approximately second-order converging results for the dominant (2,2) mode, but also the subdominant (2,1), (3,3), and (4,4) modes, while generally, the convergence order reduces slightly for an increasing mass ratio. Our simulations allow us to validate waveform models, where we find generally good agreement between state-of-the-art models and our data, and to prove that scaling relations for higher modes currently employed for binary black hole waveform modeling also apply for the tidal contribution. Finally, we also test if the current NRTidal model used to describe tidal effects is a valid description for high-mass-ratio systems. We hope that our simulation results can be used to further improve and test waveform models in preparation for the next observing runs.
Development of functional and stable solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for battery applications is an important step towards both safer batteries and for the realization of lithium-based or anode-less batteries. The interface between the lithium and the solid polymer electrolyte is one of the bottlenecks, where severe degradation is expected. Here, the stability of three different SPEs - poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) - together with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt, is investigated after they have been exposed to lithium metal under UHV conditions. Degradation compounds, e.g. Li-O-R, LiF and LixSyOz, are identified for all SPEs using soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A competing degradation between polymer and salt is identified in the outermost surface region (<7 nm), and is dependent on the polymer host. PTMC:LiTFSI shows the most severe decomposition of both polymer and salt followed by PCL:LiTFSI and PEO:LiTFSI. In addition, the movement of lithium species through the decomposed interface shows large variation depending on the polymer electrolyte system.
How different are the results of constant-rate resetting of anomalous-diffusion processes in terms of their ensemble-averaged versus time-averaged mean-squared displacements (MSDs versus TAMSDs) and how does stochastic resetting impact nonergodicity? We examine, both analytically and by simulations, the implications of resetting on the MSD- and TAMSD-based spreading dynamics of particles executing fractional Brownian motion (FBM) with a long-time memory, heterogeneous diffusion processes (HDPs) with a power-law space-dependent diffusivity D(x) = D0|x|gamma and their "combined" process of HDP-FBM. We find, inter alia, that the resetting dynamics of originally ergodic FBM for superdiffusive Hurst exponents develops disparities in scaling and magnitudes of the MSDs and mean TAMSDs indicating weak ergodicity breaking. For subdiffusive HDPs we also quantify the nonequivalence of the MSD and TAMSD and observe a new trimodal form of the probability density function. For reset FBM, HDPs and HDP-FBM we compute analytically and verify by simulations the short-time MSD and TAMSD asymptotes and long-time plateaus reminiscent of those for processes under confinement. We show that certain characteristics of these reset processes are functionally similar despite a different stochastic nature of their nonreset variants. Importantly, we discover nonmonotonicity of the ergodicitybreaking parameter EB as a function of the resetting rate r. For all reset processes studied we unveil a pronounced resetting-induced nonergodicity with a maximum of EB at intermediate r and EB similar to(1/r )-decay at large r. Alongside the emerging MSD-versus-TAMSD disparity, this r-dependence of EB can be an experimentally testable prediction. We conclude by discussing some implications to experimental systems featuring resetting dynamics.
We consider an array of nearest-neighbor coupled nonlinear autonomous oscillators with quenched ran-dom frequencies and purely conservative coupling. We show that global phase-locked states emerge in finite lattices and study numerically their destruction. Upon change of model parameters, such states are found to become unstable with the generation of localized periodic and chaotic oscillations. For weak nonlinear frequency dispersion, metastability occur akin to the case of almost-conservative systems. We also compare the results with the phase-approximation in which the amplitude dynamics is adiabatically eliminated.
The Arctic is the hot spot of the ongoing, global climate change. Over the last decades, near-surface temperatures in the Arctic have been rising almost four times faster than on global average. This amplified warming of the Arctic and the associated rapid changes of its environment are largely influenced by interactions between individual components of the Arctic climate system. On daily to weekly time scales, storms can have major impacts on the Arctic sea-ice cover and are thus an important part of these interactions within the Arctic climate. The sea-ice impacts of storms are related to high wind speeds, which enhance the drift and deformation of sea ice, as well as to changes in the surface energy budget in association with air mass advection, which impact the seasonal sea-ice growth and melt.
The occurrence of storms in the Arctic is typically associated with the passage of transient cyclones. Even though the above described mechanisms how storms/cyclones impact the Arctic sea ice are in principal known, there is a lack of statistical quantification of these effects. In accordance with that, the overarching objective of this thesis is to statistically quantify cyclone impacts on sea-ice concentration (SIC) in the Atlantic Arctic Ocean over the last four decades. In order to further advance the understanding of the related mechanisms, an additional objective is to separate dynamic and thermodynamic cyclone impacts on sea ice and assess their relative importance. Finally, this thesis aims to quantify recent changes in cyclone impacts on SIC. These research objectives are tackled utilizing various data sets, including atmospheric and oceanic reanalysis data as well as a coupled model simulation and a cyclone tracking algorithm.
Results from this thesis demonstrate that cyclones are significantly impacting SIC in the Atlantic Arctic Ocean from autumn to spring, while there are mostly no significant impacts in summer. The strength and the sign (SIC decreasing or SIC increasing) of the cyclone impacts strongly depends on the considered daily time scale and the region of the Atlantic Arctic Ocean. Specifically, an initial decrease in SIC (day -3 to day 0 relative to the cyclone) is found in the Greenland, Barents and Kara Seas, while SIC increases following cyclones (day 0 to day 5 relative to the cyclone) are mostly limited to the Barents and Kara Seas.
For the cold season, this results in a pronounced regional difference between overall (day -3 to day 5 relative to the cyclone) SIC-decreasing cyclone impacts in the Greenland Sea and overall SIC-increasing cyclone impacts in the Barents and Kara Seas. A cyclone case study based on a coupled model simulation indicates that both dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms contribute to cyclone impacts on sea ice in winter. A typical pattern consisting of an initial dominance of dynamic sea-ice changes followed by enhanced thermodynamic ice growth after the cyclone passage was found. This enhanced ice growth after the cyclone passage most likely also explains the (statistical) overall SIC-increasing effects of cyclones in the Barents and Kara Seas in the cold season.
Significant changes in cyclone impacts on SIC over the last four decades have emerged throughout the year. These recent changes are strongly varying from region to region and month to month. The strongest trends in cyclone impacts on SIC are found in autumn in the Barents and Kara Seas. Here, the magnitude of destructive cyclone impacts on SIC has approximately doubled over the last four decades. The SIC-increasing effects following the cyclone passage have particularly weakened in the Barents Sea in autumn. As a consequence, previously existing overall SIC-increasing cyclone impacts in this region in autumn have recently disappeared. Generally, results from this thesis show that changes in the state of the sea-ice cover (decrease in mean sea-ice concentration and thickness) and near-surface air temperature are most important for changed cyclone impacts on SIC, while changes in cyclone properties (i.e. intensity) do not play a significant role.
Traditional inorganic semiconductors can be electronically doped with high precision. Conversely, there is still conjecture regarding the assessment of the electronic doping density in metal-halide perovskites, not to mention of a control thereof. This paper presents a multifaceted approach to determine the electronic doping density for a range of different lead-halide perovskite systems. Optical and electrical characterization techniques, comprising intensity-dependent and transient photoluminescence, AC Hall effect, transfer-length-methods, and charge extraction measurements were instrumental in quantifying an upper limit for the doping density. The obtained values are subsequently compared to the electrode charge per cell volume under short-circuit conditions ( CUbi/eV), which amounts to roughly 10(16) cm(-3). This figure of merit represents the critical limit below which doping-induced charges do not influence the device performance. The experimental results consistently demonstrate that the doping density is below this critical threshold 10(12) cm(-3), which means << CUbi / e V) for all common lead-based metal-halide perovskites. Nevertheless, although the density of doping-induced charges is too low to redistribute the built-in voltage in the perovskite active layer, mobile ions are present in sufficient quantities to create space-charge-regions in the active layer, reminiscent of doped pn-junctions. These results are well supported by drift-diffusion simulations, which confirm that the device performance is not affected by such low doping densities.
With an increasing number of expected gravitational-wave detections of binary neutron star mergers, it is essential that gravitational-wave models employed for the analysis of observational data are able to describe generic compact binary systems. This includes systems in which the individual neutron stars are millisecond pulsars for which spin effects become essential. In this work, we perform numerical-relativity simulations of binary neutron stars with aligned and antialigned spins within a range of dimensionless spins of chi similar to [-0.28, 0.58]. The simulations are performed with multiple resolutions, show a clear convergence order and, consequently, can be used to test existing waveform approximants. We find that for very high spins gravitational-wave models that have been employed for the interpretation of GW170817 and GW190425 arc not capable of describing our numerical-relativity dataset. We verify through a full parameter estimation study in which clear biases in the estimate of the tidal deformability and effective spin are present. We hope that in preparation of the next gravitational-wave observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors our new set of numerical-relativity data can be used to support future developments of new gravitational-wave models.
Background
Due to physical coupling between mechanical stress and magnetization in ferromagnetic materials, it is assumed in the literature that the distribution of the magnetic stray field corresponds to the internal (residual) stress of the specimen.
The correlation is, however, not trivial, since the magnetic stray field is also influenced by the microstructure and the geometry of component.
The understanding of the correlation between residual stress and magnetic stray field could help to evaluate the integrity of welded components.
Objective
This study aims at understanding the possible correlation of subsurface and bulk residual stress with magnetic stray field in a low carbon steel weld.
Methods
The residual stress was determined by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD, subsurface region) and by neutron diffraction (ND, bulk region).
SXRD possesses a higher spatial resolution than ND. Magnetic stray fields were mapped by utilizing high-spatial-resolution giant magneto resistance (GMR) sensors.
Results
The subsurface residual stress overall correlates better with the magnetic stray field distribution than the bulk stress. This correlation is especially visible in the regions outside the heat affected zone, where the influence of the microstructural features is less pronounced but steep residual stress gradients are present.
Conclusions
It was demonstrated that the localized stray field sources without any obvious microstructural variations are associated with steep stress gradients.
The good correlation between subsurface residual stress and magnetic signal indicates that the source of the magnetic stray fields is to be found in the range of the penetration depth of the SXRD measurements.
Accurate and precise characterization of cirrus cloud geometrical and optical properties is essential for better constraining their radiative footprint. A lidar-based retrieval scheme is proposed here, with its performance assessed on fine spatio-temporal observations over the Arctic site of Ny-Alesund, Svalbard. Two contributions related to cirrus geometrical (dynamic Wavelet Covariance Transform (WCT)) and optical properties (constrained Klett) are reported. The dynamic WCT rendered cirrus detection more robust, especially for thin cirrus layers that frequently remained undetected by the classical WCT method. Regarding optical characterization, we developed an iterative scheme for determining the cirrus lidar ratio (LRci) that is a crucial parameter for aerosol - cloud discrimination. Building upon the Klett-Fernald method, the LRci was constrained by an additional reference value. In established methods, such as the double-ended Klett, an aerosol-free reference value is applied. In the proposed constrained Klett, however, the reference value was approximated from cloud-free or low cloud optical depth (COD up to 0.2) profiles and proved to agree with independent Raman estimates. For optically thin cirrus, the constrained Klett inherent uncertainties reached 50% (60-74%) in terms of COD (LRci). However, for opaque cirrus COD (LRci) uncertainties were lower than 10% (15%). The detection method discrepancies (dynamic versus static WCT) had a higher impact on the optical properties of low COD layers (up to 90%) compared to optically thicker ones (less than 10%). The constrained Klett presented high agreement with two established retrievals. For an exemplary cirrus cloud, the constrained Klett estimated the COD355 (LRci355) at 0.28 +/- 0.17 (29 +/- 4 sr), the double-ended Klett at 0.27 +/- 0.15 (32 +/- 4 sr) and the Raman retrievals at 0.22 +/- 0.12 (26 +/- 11 sr). Our approach to determine the necessary reference value can also be applied in established methods and increase their accuracy. In contrast, the classical aerosol-free assumption led to 44 sr LRci overestimation in optically thin layers and 2-8 sr in thicker ones. The multiple scattering effect was corrected using Eloranta (1998) and accounted for 50-60% extinction underestimation near the cloud base and 20-30% within the cirrus layers.
Most image restoration methods in astronomy rely upon probabilistic tools that infer the best solution for a deconvolution problem. They achieve good performances when the point spread function (PSF) is spatially invariant in the image plane.
However, this condition is not always satisfied in real optical systems. We propose a new method for the restoration of images affected by static and anisotropic aberrations using Deep Neural Networks that can be directly applied to sky images.
The network is trained using simulated sky images corresponding to the T80-S Telescope optical model, a 80-cm survey imager at Cerro Tololo (Chile), which are synthesized using a Zernike polynomial representation of the optical system.
Once trained, the network can be used directly on sky images, outputting a corrected version of the image that has a constant and known PSF across its field of view. The method is to be tested on the T80-S Telescope.
We present the method and results on synthetic data.
Im Lehramtsstudium sollen Studierende grundlegende Fähigkeiten zur theoriegeleiteten Unterrichtsplanung erwerben.
In Übereinstimmung mit Modellen zur professionellen Handlungskompetenz von Lehrkräften wird hierbei meist angenommen, dass das im Studienverlauf erworbene Professionswissen eine wesentliche Grundlage für den Aufbau von Fähigkeiten zur Unterrichtsplanung bildet.
Lerngelegenheiten zur Anwendung dieses Professionswissens bieten vor allem schulpraktische Phasen im fortgeschrittenen Studienverlauf. Es wird aber ebenso angenommen, dass gerade Erfahrungen mit der Unterrichtsplanung den Aufbau von Professionswissen unterstützen.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Ausmaß des Professionswissens und der Entwicklung von Planungsfähigkeit ist bisher unzureichend empirisch geklärt. Eine besondere methodische Herausforderung besteht darin, Planungsfähigkeiten sowohl möglichst authentisch als auch auf standardisierte Weise zu erfassen. Zur Untersuchung des genannten Zusammenhangs wurde eine längsschnittliche Studie im Prä-Post-Design bei angehenden Physiklehrkräften (N = 68 im Längsschnitt) an vier Universitäten durchgeführt.
Die Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit wurde mit Hilfe eines standardisierten Performanztests vor und nach dem Absolvieren eines Praxissemesters erfasst, indem als Standardsituation der Entwurf einer Unterrichtsstunde zum 3. Newton’schen Axiom unter definierten Zeitvorgaben im Praxissemester simuliert wurde. Zusätzlich wurden das fachliche, fachdidaktische und pädagogische Wissen der Studierenden mit Hilfe standardisierter Instrumente zu beiden Zeitpunkten erhoben, sowie die einschlägigen Lerngelegenheiten im Praxissemester über einen Fragebogen erfasst.
Sowohl für Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit als auch für alle Wissensvariablen können Zuwächse im Praxissemester beobachtet werden. Cross-Lagged-Panel-Analysen zeigen, dass insbesondere die Ausprägung des fachdidaktischen und pädagogischen Wissens der Studierenden am Beginn des Praxissemesters die Entwicklung von Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit begünstigt.
The combined effect of ultraviolet (UV) light soaking and self-assembled monolayer deposition on the work function (WF) of thin ZnO layers and on the efficiency of hole injection into the prototypical conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) is systematically investigated. It is shown that the WF and injection efficiency depend strongly on the history of UV light exposure. Proper treatment of the ZnO layer enables ohmic hole injection into P3HT, demonstrating ZnO as a potential anode material for organic optoelectronic devices. The results also suggest that valid conclusions on the energy-level alignment at the ZnO/organic interfaces may only be drawn if the illumination history is precisely known and controlled. This is inherently problematic when comparing electronic data from ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements carried out under different or ill-defined illumination conditions.
We present a framework for systems in which diffusion-advection transport of a tracer substance in a mobile zone is interrupted by trapping in an immobile zone.
Our model unifies different model approaches based on distributed-order diffusion equations, exciton diffusion rate models, and random-walk models for multirate mobile-immobile mass transport.
We study various forms for the trapping time dynamics and their effects on the tracer mass in the mobile zone.
Moreover, we find the associated breakthrough curves, the tracer density at a fixed point in space as a function of time, and the mobile and immobile concentration profiles and the respective moments of the transport.
Specifically, we derive explicit forms for the anomalous transport dynamics and an asymptotic power-law decay of the mobile mass for a Mittag-Leffler trapping time distribution.
In our analysis we point out that even for exponential trapping time densities, transient anomalous transport is observed.
Our results have direct applications in geophysical contexts, but also in biological, soft matter, and solid state systems.
We study a heterogeneous diffusion process (HDP) with position-dependent diffusion coefficient and Poissonian stochastic resetting.
We find exact results for the mean squared displacement and the probability density function. The nonequilibrium steady state reached in the long time limit is studied.
We also analyse the transition to the non-equilibrium steady state by finding the large deviation function.
We found that similarly to the case of the normal diffusion process where the diffusion length grows like t (1/2) while the length scale xi(t) of the inner core region of the nonequilibrium steady state grows linearly with time t, in the HDP with diffusion length increasing like t ( p/2) the length scale xi(t) grows like t ( p ).
The obtained results are verified by numerical solutions of the corresponding Langevin equation.
Here we show that microgels trapped at a solid wall can issue liquid flow and transport over distances several times larger than the particle size.
The microgel consists of cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIPAM-AA) polymer chains loaded with cationic azobenzene-containing surfactant, which can assume either a trans-or a cis-state depending on the wavelength of the applied irradiation. The microgel, being a selective absorber of trans-isomers, responds by changing its volume under irradiation with light of appropriate wavelength at which the cis-isomers of the surfactant molecules diffuse out of the particle interior.
Together with the change in particle size, the expelled cis-isomers form an excess of the concentration and subsequent gradient in osmotic pressure generating a halo of local light-driven diffusioosmotic (l-LDDO) flow. The direction and the strength of the l-LDDO depends on the intensity and irradiation wavelength, as well as on the amount of surfactant absorbed by the microgel.
The flow pattern around a microgel is directed radially outward and can be maintained quasi-indefinitely under exposure to blue light when the trans-/cis-ratio is 2/1, establishing a photostationary state.
Irradiation with UV light, on the other hand, generates a radially transient flow pattern, which inverts from inward to outward over time at low intensities.
By measuring the displacement of tracer particles around neutral microgels during a temperature-induced collapse, we can exclude that a change in particle shape itself causes the flow, i.e., just by expulsion or uptake of water.
Ultimately, it is its ability to selectively absorb two isomers of photosensitive surfactant under different irradiation conditions that leads to an effective pumping caused by a self-induced diffusioosmotic flow.
Symmetry and its breaking crucially define the chemical properties of molecules and their functionality. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering is a local electronic structure probe reporting on molecular symmetry and its dynamical breaking within the femtosecond scattering duration. Here, we study pyrimidine, a system from the C-2v point group, in an aqueous solution environment, using scattering though its 2a(2) resonance. Despite the absence of clean parity selection rules for decay transitions from in-plane orbitals, scattering channels including decay from the 7b(2) and 11a(1) orbitals with nitrogen lone pair character are a direct probe for molecular symmetry. Computed spectra of explicitly solvated molecules sampled from a molecular dynamics simulation are combined with the results of a quantum dynamical description of the X-ray scattering process. We observe dominant signatures of core-excited Jahn-Teller induced symmetry breaking for resonant excitation. Solvent contributions are separable by shortening of the effective scattering duration through excitation energy detuning.
Based on suggested interactions of potential tipping elements in the Earth's climate and in ecological systems, tipping cascades as possible dynamics are increasingly discussed and studied. The activation of such tipping cascades would impose a considerable risk for human societies and biosphere integrity. However, there are ambiguities in the description of tipping cascades within the literature so far. Here we illustrate how different patterns of multiple tipping dynamics emerge from a very simple coupling of two previously studied idealized tipping elements. In particular, we distinguish between a two phase cascade, a domino cascade and a joint cascade. A mitigation of an unfolding two phase cascade may be possible and common early warning indicators are sensitive to upcoming critical transitions to a certain degree. In contrast, a domino cascade may hardly be stopped once initiated and critical slowing down-based indicators fail to indicate tipping of the following element. These different potentials for intervention and anticipation across the distinct patterns of multiple tipping dynamics should be seen as a call to be more precise in future analyses of cascading dynamics arising from tipping element interactions in the Earth system.
This paper studies cosmic-ray (CR) transport in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. CR transport is strongly dependent on the properties of the magnetic turbulence.
We perform test particle simulations to study the interactions of CR with both total MHD turbulence and decomposed MHD modes.
The spatial diffusion coefficients and the pitch angle scattering diffusion coefficients are calculated from the test particle trajectories in turbulence.
Our results confirm that the fast modes dominate the CR propagation, whereas Alfven and slow modes are much less efficient and have shown similar pitch-angle scattering rates.
We investigate the cross field transport on large and small scales. On large/global scales, normal diffusion is observed and the diffusion coefficient is suppressed by M-A(zeta) compared to the parallel diffusion coefficients, with zeta closer to 4 in Alfven modes than that in total turbulence, as theoretically expected.
For the CR transport on scales smaller than the turbulence injection scale, both the local and global magnetic reference frames are adopted. Superdiffusion is observed on such small scales in all the cases. Particularly, CR transport in Alfven modes show clear Richardson diffusion in the local reference frame. The diffusion transitions smoothly from the Richardson's one with index 1.5 to normal diffusion as the particle mean free path decreases from lambda(parallel to) >> L to lambda(parallel to) << L, where L is the injection/coherence length of turbulence.
Our results have broad applications to CRs in various astrophysical environments.
Active matter broadly covers the dynamics of self-propelled particles.
While the onset of collective behavior in homogenous active systems is relatively well understood, the effect of inhomogeneities such as obstacles and traps lacks overall clarity.
Here, we study how interacting, self-propelled particles become trapped and released from a trap.
We have found that captured particles aggregate into an orbiting condensate with a crystalline structure. As more particles are added, the trapped condensates escape as a whole.
Our results shed light on the effects of confinement and quenched disorder in active matter.
In contrast to the common conception that the interfacial energy-level alignment is affixed once the interface is formed, we demonstrate that heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and metal-halide perovskites exhibit huge energy-level realignment during photoexcitation. Importantly, the photoinduced level shifts occur in the organic component, including the first molecular layer in direct contact with the perovskite. This is caused by charge-carrier accumulation within the organic semiconductor under illumination and the weak electronic coupling between the junction components.