530 Physik
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (955)
- Doctoral Thesis (376)
- Postprint (123)
- Preprint (50)
- Other (48)
- Habilitation Thesis (23)
- Review (11)
- Master's Thesis (10)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (4)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
Keywords
- diffusion (45)
- anomalous diffusion (35)
- gamma rays: general (20)
- synchronization (19)
- organic solar cells (17)
- Synchronisation (16)
- stochastic processes (15)
- cosmic rays (14)
- ISM: supernova remnants (13)
- data analysis (12)
- Datenanalyse (11)
- dynamics (11)
- perovskite solar cells (11)
- stars: massive (11)
- turbulence (10)
- Klimawandel (9)
- Nichtlineare Dynamik (9)
- stars: atmospheres (9)
- Chaos (8)
- astroparticle physics (8)
- climate change (8)
- fractional Brownian motion (8)
- Biophysik (7)
- acceleration of particles (7)
- atmosphere (7)
- azobenzene (7)
- biophysics (7)
- chaos (7)
- chemotaxis (7)
- methods: numerical (7)
- networks (7)
- nonlinear dynamics (7)
- numerical relativity (7)
- stars: early-type (7)
- transport (7)
- Arktis (6)
- Atmosphäre (6)
- Kuramoto model (6)
- Magellanic Clouds (6)
- Magnetismus (6)
- Polymere (6)
- Synchronization (6)
- X-rays: binaries (6)
- additive manufacturing (6)
- charge transport (6)
- complex networks (6)
- complex systems (6)
- first passage time (6)
- galaxies: active (6)
- galaxies: evolution (6)
- galaxies: formation (6)
- galaxies: high-redshift (6)
- gravitational waves (6)
- magnetism (6)
- model (6)
- molecular motors (6)
- noise (6)
- non-fullerene acceptors (6)
- nonergodicity (6)
- physics (6)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (6)
- residual stress (6)
- stars: neutron (6)
- surface (6)
- thin films (6)
- ultrafast dynamics (6)
- Diffusion (5)
- MHD (5)
- Phonons (5)
- Physik (5)
- Physikdidaktik (5)
- Residual stress (5)
- Stochastische Prozesse (5)
- X-ray (5)
- charge generation (5)
- first-passage time (5)
- fluorescence (5)
- gamma rays: ISM (5)
- gamma rays: galaxies (5)
- graphene (5)
- hysteresis (5)
- intergalactic medium (5)
- microscopy (5)
- molekulare Motoren (5)
- nanoparticles (5)
- neutron diffraction (5)
- photochemistry (5)
- photovoltaics (5)
- polymers (5)
- random diffusivity (5)
- recombination (5)
- stars: evolution (5)
- superstatistics (5)
- ultrafast (5)
- ARPES (4)
- Arctic (4)
- Ellipsometrie (4)
- FLASH (4)
- Ferroelektrete (4)
- Fluoreszenz (4)
- Galaxy: halo (4)
- ISM: abundances (4)
- Langevin equation (4)
- Lasers (4)
- Nanostruktur (4)
- Oberfläche (4)
- Polyelektrolyt (4)
- Rashba effect (4)
- Rauschen (4)
- Röntgenspektroskopie (4)
- Simulation (4)
- Thermal effects (4)
- Turbulenz (4)
- Ultrafast X-ray diffraction (4)
- X-ray refraction (4)
- X-rays: stars (4)
- Zeitreihenanalyse (4)
- bacteria (4)
- binaries: close (4)
- binaries: general (4)
- binaries: spectroscopic (4)
- catalogs (4)
- climate (4)
- control (4)
- density (4)
- dynamical systems (4)
- electronic structure (4)
- ferroelectrets (4)
- films (4)
- first-passage (4)
- galaxies: star formation (4)
- geometric Brownian motion (4)
- impact (4)
- instabilities (4)
- komplexe Netzwerke (4)
- machine learning (4)
- magnetic fields (4)
- methods: data analysis (4)
- microlensing (4)
- molecular dynamics (4)
- morphology (4)
- organic photovoltaics (4)
- phase oscillators (4)
- phase transition (4)
- phase transitions (4)
- photoelectron spectroscopy (4)
- photoluminescence (4)
- physics education (4)
- polymer (4)
- power spectral analysis (4)
- prediction (4)
- quantum field theory (4)
- quantum gravity (4)
- quasars: absorption lines (4)
- radiation belts (4)
- recurrence plot (4)
- scattering (4)
- shock waves (4)
- silicon (4)
- simulation (4)
- star formation (4)
- stars: winds, outflows (4)
- statistical physics (4)
- stochastic resetting (4)
- subdiffusion (4)
- subdwarfs (4)
- techniques: imaging spectroscopy (4)
- techniques: spectroscopic (4)
- thiouracil (4)
- 2D (3)
- 2D perovskites (3)
- Adhäsion (3)
- Adsorption (3)
- Aluminum alloys (3)
- Antarktis (3)
- Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (3)
- Bragg peak (3)
- Brownian motion (3)
- Climate Change (3)
- Crystal lattices (3)
- Curie transition (3)
- Fokker-Planck equation (3)
- Galaxy: evolution (3)
- Gitterdynamik (3)
- Gravitationswellen (3)
- Heterostructures (3)
- Hilbert transform (3)
- Holocene (3)
- ISM: clouds (3)
- ISM: magnetic fields (3)
- Integrated Assessment (3)
- Klimatologie (3)
- Kosmologie (3)
- Ladungstransport (3)
- Lattice dynamics (3)
- Levy walk (3)
- Levy walks (3)
- Lidar (3)
- Magnetisierungsdynamik (3)
- Magnetism (3)
- Molekulardynamik (3)
- Motilität (3)
- NEXAFS (3)
- Nanopartikel (3)
- Netzwerke (3)
- Neutron diffraction (3)
- Nicht-Fulleren-Akzeptoren (3)
- Oberflächengitter (3)
- Organische Solarzellen (3)
- Ozon (3)
- P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer (3)
- Perovskites (3)
- Phase (3)
- Phasenübergang (3)
- Photoelektronenspektroskopie (3)
- Polyelektrolyte (3)
- Quantengravitation (3)
- Quantenoptik (3)
- RIXS (3)
- Radiation belts (3)
- Rashba-Effekt (3)
- Reflexion (3)
- Rekurrenzanalyse (3)
- Resonanzenergietransfer (3)
- Röntgenbeugung (3)
- Saturn (3)
- Solar cells (3)
- Sternentstehung (3)
- Synchrotronstrahlung (3)
- Theorie (3)
- Thin films (3)
- Thiouracil (3)
- Ti-6Al-4V (3)
- Unsicherheitsanalyse (3)
- Wellenleiter (3)
- X-ray diffraction (3)
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (3)
- X-ray spectroscopy (3)
- XPS (3)
- Zelladhäsion (3)
- adsorption (3)
- aerosol size distribution (3)
- astrophysical plasmas (3)
- behavior (3)
- biological physics (3)
- black holes (3)
- brushes (3)
- cell adhesion (3)
- charge storage (3)
- chimera state (3)
- chimera states (3)
- complexes (3)
- computed tomography (3)
- continuous time random walk (3)
- coupled rotators (3)
- creep (3)
- crystal structure (3)
- dark ages, reionization, first stars (3)
- data assimilation (3)
- diffusing diffusivity (3)
- dust (3)
- dynamo (3)
- dünne Schichten (3)
- efficiency (3)
- electrons (3)
- electrostatic interactions (3)
- ellipsometry (3)
- energy (3)
- entanglement (3)
- filaments (3)
- first passage (3)
- galaxies (3)
- galaxies: interactions (3)
- galaxies: jets (3)
- gamma rays: stars (3)
- gamma-ray burst: general (3)
- general relativity (3)
- genomic DNA conformation (3)
- global surface warming (3)
- gravity (3)
- group field theory (3)
- hypersound (3)
- instability (3)
- interfaces (3)
- iron (3)
- magnetosphere (3)
- magnetostriction (3)
- mathematical modeling (3)
- mathematische Modellierung (3)
- membrane (3)
- methods: observational (3)
- modeling (3)
- models (3)
- nanostructure (3)
- neural networks (3)
- neutrinos (3)
- noisy systems (3)
- nonfullerene acceptors (3)
- nonlinear (3)
- nucleobases (3)
- numerical simulations (3)
- ocean heat uptake (3)
- optical manipulation (3)
- organic solar cell (3)
- organische Solarzellen (3)
- photocurrent generation (3)
- photosensitive surfactants (3)
- planets and satellites: rings (3)
- plasmonics (3)
- polyelectrolytes (3)
- polymer solar cells (3)
- polypropylene (3)
- power spectrum (3)
- projections (3)
- protein folding (3)
- pulsars: general (3)
- quasars: general (3)
- radiative transfer (3)
- random walk (3)
- recurrence (3)
- resonant energy transfer (3)
- solar cells (3)
- solar wind (3)
- spectroscopy (3)
- stars (3)
- stars: Wolf-Rayet (3)
- stars: abundances (3)
- statistical models (3)
- statistics (3)
- statistische Modelle (3)
- stochastic resonance (3)
- stochastische Prozesse (3)
- sulfur (3)
- surface relief grating (3)
- synchronization transition (3)
- synchrotron radiation (3)
- techniques: image processing (3)
- thermodynamics (3)
- time series analysis (3)
- ultrafast molecular dynamics (3)
- ultrafast x-ray diffraction (3)
- ultraschnell (3)
- uncertainty analysis (3)
- voltage losses (3)
- waveguides (3)
- 1D (2)
- 3D (2)
- 4 (2)
- AG (2)
- Additive manufacturing (2)
- Aerosol (2)
- Akkretion (2)
- Amazon rainforest (2)
- Anfangsdaten (2)
- Anisotropie (2)
- Anisotropy (2)
- Antarctica (2)
- Anthropogene Klimaänderung (2)
- Astrophotonik (2)
- Astrophysik (2)
- Atmosphärendynamik (2)
- Atmosphärenmodellierung (2)
- Auger electron spectroscopy (2)
- Auger–Meitner (2)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (2)
- Bakterien (2)
- Benetzung (2)
- Blocking (2)
- Boltzmann distribution (2)
- Bose-Einstein condensation (2)
- Brillouin scattering (2)
- Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion (2)
- CU (2)
- Casimir-Polder interaction (2)
- Charge recombination (2)
- Chebyshev inequality (2)
- Chemotaxis (2)
- Chromosphere (2)
- Comb model (2)
- Complementarity (2)
- Computed tomography (2)
- Computertomographie (2)
- Coster–Kronig (2)
- Crab Nebula (2)
- Debye screening (2)
- Dehnung (2)
- Dictyostelium (2)
- Disorder (2)
- Displays (2)
- Donor-Acceptor (DA) interface (2)
- Donor-acceptor copolymers (2)
- Doping (2)
- Dynamical systems (2)
- Dynamik (2)
- Dynamische Systeme (2)
- Dynamo (2)
- Eigenspannung (2)
- Electrets (2)
- Elektret (2)
- Energy (2)
- Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit (2)
- Equilibrium-line altitudes (2)
- Erdbeben (2)
- Extremereignisse (2)
- Femtosecond lasers (2)
- Ferroelektret (2)
- Ferroelektrika (2)
- Filament (2)
- Filamente (2)
- Freie-Elektronen-Laser (2)
- Frequenzkonversion (2)
- Gammastrahlung (2)
- Gammastrahlungsastronomie (2)
- Gaussian processes (2)
- Genetic programming (2)
- Genregulation (2)
- Graphen (2)
- Gravitation (2)
- Gravitationslinsen (2)
- Gravitationslinseneffekt (2)
- Greenland (2)
- Grenzflächen (2)
- Grenzschicht (2)
- H II regions (2)
- Hochdruck (2)
- Hong-Ou-Mandel effect (2)
- Hysteresis (2)
- ISM (2)
- ISM: kinematics and dynamics (2)
- ISM: structure (2)
- ISOS-L-1I protocol (2)
- In-situ Experimente (2)
- Indian Monsoon (2)
- Indischer Monsun (2)
- Integrierte Bewertung (2)
- Ionosphäre (2)
- Jets (2)
- Klima (2)
- Kolloides System (2)
- Kompensatoren (2)
- Komplexe Systeme (2)
- Kopplung (2)
- Krebsnebel (2)
- Kuramoto (2)
- Kuramoto-Modell (2)
- LDPE nanocomposites (2)
- Laserstrahlschmelzen (2)
- Lehrkräftebildung (2)
- Levy flights (2)
- Lokalisierung (2)
- Löschkurve (2)
- MO (2)
- Magnetohydrodynamik (2)
- Membran (2)
- Meteorologie (2)
- Microlensing (2)
- Mikrolinsen (2)
- Mode function (2)
- Modellierung (2)
- Molecules (2)
- Molekularer Motor (2)
- Monsun (2)
- Monte Carlo (2)
- Morphogenese (2)
- Morphologie (2)
- NAP-XPS (2)
- NLO (2)
- Network reconstruction (2)
- Nichtgleichgewicht (2)
- Nitrogen (2)
- Noise-induced phenomena (2)
- Nonlinear Dynamics (2)
- OLED (2)
- Organic semiconductors (2)
- Organic solar cells (2)
- Orgelpfeife (2)
- Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process (2)
- Oszillatoren (2)
- P(VDF-TrFE) (2)
- PDLC (2)
- PEDOT (2)
- Paläoklima (2)
- Paläoklimatologie (2)
- Perowskit (2)
- Perowskit Solarzellen (2)
- Phasenübergänge (2)
- Phononen (2)
- Photoalignment (2)
- Photoexcitations (2)
- Photoorientierung (2)
- Photovoltaik (2)
- Piezoelektrizität (2)
- Plasmonics (2)
- Polyelectrolyte (2)
- Polymer (2)
- Polypropylen (2)
- Quantendraht (2)
- Quantenfeldtheorie (2)
- Quantum optics (2)
- Quasar (2)
- Radiation protection (2)
- Raman spectroscopy (2)
- Rauschinduzierte Phänomene (2)
- Rekonstruktionsmethoden (2)
- Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength (2)
- SAXS (2)
- SEM (2)
- SHG (2)
- SIO₂ (2)
- STM (2)
- Schrodinger operators (2)
- Selbstorganisation (2)
- Shockley-Queisser model (2)
- Silizium (2)
- Simulationen (2)
- Sonnenkorona (2)
- Spektroskopie (2)
- Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (2)
- Sterne (2)
- Sternentwicklung (2)
- Sternwinde (2)
- Stochastische Resonanz (2)
- Stochastischer Prozess (2)
- Strahlungsgürtel (2)
- Strahlungstransport (2)
- Strain measurement (2)
- Substrat (2)
- Sun: activity (2)
- Sun: chromosphere (2)
- Supernovaüberrest (2)
- Supraleiter (2)
- Synchronisierung (2)
- Synchronization control (2)
- Systembiologie (2)
- TIG-welding (2)
- Teilchenbeschleunigung (2)
- Theorie von Förster (2)
- Thermodynamic properties (2)
- Tikhonov regularization (2)
- Ultrafast X-rays (2)
- VERITAS (2)
- Vacuum fields (2)
- Vesikel (2)
- Wechselwirkungsabstand (2)
- Wiederkehrdiagramme (2)
- Wissenschaftstheorie (2)
- X-ray absorption (2)
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy (2)
- X-ray emission (2)
- X-rays (2)
- Zytoskelett (2)
- activity (2)
- additive Fertigung (2)
- adhesion (2)
- ageing (2)
- anisotropy (2)
- approximate methods (2)
- arctic (2)
- aspect ratio (2)
- astronomical databases (2)
- astronomy (2)
- astrophysics (2)
- atmospheric modelling (2)
- atom chip (2)
- atomic force microscopy (AFM) (2)
- attosecond phenomena (2)
- autocorrelation (2)
- autoregressive models (2)
- azobenzene surfactant (2)
- bacterial swimming strategies (2)
- bandgap (2)
- bifurcation analysis (2)
- biological transport (2)
- bismuth (2)
- boundary layer (2)
- bulk heterojunction (2)
- bumps (2)
- cambridge cb4 0wf (2)
- cambs (2)
- cavity quantum electrodynamics (2)
- cesium lead halides (2)
- chains (2)
- channel (2)
- charge-transfer (2)
- chemical modification (2)
- chimera (2)
- climate impacts (2)
- clustering (2)
- codifference (2)
- coefficient (2)
- coefficients (2)
- collective dynamics (2)
- collective motion (2)
- comets: general (2)
- comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (2)
- compensation films (2)
- complementarity (2)
- complex (2)
- composites (2)
- conductivity (2)
- confinement (2)
- conjugated polymers (2)
- consequences (2)
- convection (2)
- cooperative phenomena (2)
- cosmology (2)
- costs (2)
- covariance (2)
- critical avalanche dynamics (2)
- critical phenomena (2)
- crystal orientation (2)
- crystalline (2)
- cylindrical geometry (2)
- cytoskeleton (2)
- dark matter (2)
- deep learning (2)
- dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (2)
- dielectrics (2)
- diffraction (2)
- dimension independent bound (2)
- diselenide (2)
- dispersion (2)
- displays (2)
- donor (2)
- droughts (2)
- dwarfs galaxies (2)
- dynamics simulation (2)
- economic network (2)
- electret (2)
- electrets (2)
- electromagnetic radiation (2)
- electron-transfer (2)
- elektronische Struktur (2)
- empirical modeling (2)
- energetic disorder (2)
- england (2)
- ensemble and time averaged mean squared displacement (2)
- entropy production (2)
- equation approach (2)
- equatorial plasma depletions (2)
- exact results (2)
- excitonic materials (2)
- exoplanets (2)
- expanding medium (2)
- experiment (2)
- exploit (2)
- extremal values (2)
- extreme events (2)
- fastest first-passage time of N walkers (2)
- ferroelectret (2)
- ferroelectric polymers (2)
- ferroelectrics (2)
- fill factor losses (2)
- filter (2)
- financial time series (2)
- finite-size effects (2)
- first-hitting time (2)
- first-passage time distribution (2)
- first-reaction time (2)
- flagellum (2)
- flexibility (2)
- fluctuations (2)
- fluorescence microscopy (2)
- fluorinated organic spacer (2)
- fractional dynamics (2)
- free-electron laser (2)
- galaxies: ISM (2)
- galaxies: abundances (2)
- galaxies: haloes (2)
- galaxies: nuclei (2)
- galaxies: starburst (2)
- gamma-ray astronomy (2)
- gamma-rays: galaxies (2)
- gamma-rays: general (2)
- gas (2)
- geladene Systeme (2)
- gene regulatory networks (2)
- generalised langevin equation (2)
- geomagnetic observatory data (2)
- geomagnetic storm drivers (2)
- glass (2)
- globular clusters: general (2)
- gradient boosting (2)
- gradients (2)
- grafted polymers (2)
- graph theory (2)
- graphs (2)
- gravitational lensing (2)
- heteroatoms (2)
- heterojunction silicon solar cells (2)
- high dimensional (2)
- high-redshift (2)
- historical geomagnetic storms (2)
- holography (2)
- hydrodynamics (2)
- hydrogels (2)
- ill-posed problem (2)
- in-situ testing (2)
- infrared thermography (2)
- initial data (2)
- inorganic perovskites (2)
- interaction distance (2)
- interface engineering (2)
- interface recombination (2)
- inverse ill-posed problem (2)
- inversion (2)
- ionosphere (2)
- kinetics (2)
- komplexe Systeme (2)
- kooperative Phänomene (2)
- kosmische Strahlung (2)
- large-deviation statistic (2)
- laser powder bed fusion (2)
- laser pulses (2)
- lattice dynamics (2)
- linearized gravity (2)
- lipid bilayer membrane dynamics (2)
- living cells (2)
- localisation (2)
- magnetic proximity effect (2)
- magnetization dynamics (2)
- material (2)
- maximum and range (2)
- mean versus most probable reaction times (2)
- mechanobiology (2)
- membrane channel (2)
- memory and delay (2)
- memory effects (2)
- metal halide perovskites (2)
- metal species (2)
- meteorology (2)
- milton rd (2)
- mixed boundary conditions (2)
- mobility (2)
- molecular bottle brushes (2)
- monte-carlo (2)
- motility (2)
- nanoscale heat transfer (2)
- narrow escape problem (2)
- negative thermal expansion (2)
- neuronal networks (2)
- neutron (2)
- neutron reflectometry (2)
- neutron stars (2)
- nichtlineare Datenanalyse (2)
- nichtlineare Dynamik (2)
- nichtlineare Optik (2)
- nitride materials (2)
- non-Gaussian diffusion (2)
- non-Gaussianity (2)
- non-Langevin recombination (2)
- non-destructive evaluation (2)
- non-equilibrium (2)
- nonlinear time series analysis (2)
- nonlocal coupling (2)
- nonradiative voltage losses (2)
- optical spectroscopy (2)
- organic semiconductor (2)
- organische Elektronik (2)
- organische Halbleiter (2)
- origins (2)
- oscillations (2)
- osmotic-pressure (2)
- outflows (2)
- oxygen (2)
- ozone (2)
- palaeoclimate (2)
- parameter inference (2)
- partial synchronization (2)
- particle acceleration (2)
- particles (2)
- perovskite (2)
- phase (2)
- phase purity (2)
- phase synchronization (2)
- photo-orientation (2)
- photoalignment (2)
- photocontrol (2)
- photoelectron (2)
- photofragmentation (2)
- photon recycling (2)
- photostability (2)
- physical chemistry (2)
- picosecond ultrasonics (2)
- piezoelectric sensors (2)
- piezoelectricity (2)
- plasma instabilities (2)
- plasmas (2)
- polyelectrolyte adsorption (2)
- porosity (2)
- porous carbon materials (2)
- posttranslational protein translocation (2)
- power spectral density (2)
- pp-wave solutions (2)
- pre-service teachers (2)
- pressures (2)
- probability density function (2)
- processing (2)
- professional knowledge (2)
- protein search (2)
- proteins (2)
- pump-probe spectroscopy (2)
- quantum mechanics (2)
- quantum optics (2)
- quantum thermodynamics (2)
- quasar (2)
- quasi-Fermi level (2)
- quasi-Fermi level splitting (2)
- quasi-steady-state photoinduced absorptions (2)
- quenching curve (2)
- radiative limit (2)
- random-walk (2)
- random-walks (2)
- rare-earth metals (2)
- reaction cascade (2)
- reanalysis (2)
- recombinations (2)
- reconstruction methods (2)
- rectification (2)
- recurrence analysis (2)
- recurrence plots (2)
- recurrence quantification analysis (2)
- reduced dimensionality (2)
- reduzierte Dimensionalität (2)
- reflecting boundary conditions (2)
- relativistic processes (2)
- relaxor-ferroelectric polymer (2)
- relaxor-ferroelectric polymers (2)
- repertory grid (2)
- ring current (2)
- ring current electrons (2)
- rolling adhesion (2)
- royal soc chemistry (2)
- run and tumble (2)
- rutile-type (2)
- schwarze Löcher (2)
- science park (2)
- selective laser melting (SLM) (2)
- semiconductors (2)
- seperation (2)
- sequence-controlled polymers (2)
- shell-like geometries (2)
- single chain folding (2)
- single trajectories (2)
- single trajectory analysis (2)
- single-particle tracking (2)
- single-stranded-dna (2)
- single-trajectory analysis (2)
- soft X-ray beamline (2)
- soft X-ray spectroscopy (2)
- soil moisture (2)
- solar coronal mass ejections (2)
- solar storm (2)
- solid-state nanopores (2)
- soliton (2)
- space charge (2)
- space-dependent diffusivity (2)
- spectra (2)
- spin- and angle-resolved photoemission (2)
- spin-orbit coupling (2)
- splitting (2)
- spontaneous parametric down-conversion (2)
- spread F (2)
- stability and accuracy (2)
- stars: AGB and post-AGB (2)
- stars: activity (2)
- stars: black holes (2)
- stars: chemically peculiar (2)
- stars: emission-line, Be (2)
- stars: fundamental parameters (2)
- stars: kinematics and dynamics (2)
- stars: low-mass (2)
- stars: magnetic field (2)
- stars: mass-loss (2)
- stars: rotation (2)
- stars: solar-type (2)
- stars: winds (2)
- stationary stochastic process (2)
- statistische Physik (2)
- stellar content (2)
- stellar coronal mass ejections (2)
- stellar evolution (2)
- stellar winds (2)
- stochastic dynamics (2)
- stochastic models (2)
- stochastic process (2)
- stochastic time series (2)
- structure-property relationships (2)
- structured polynucleotides (2)
- submillimetre: ISM (2)
- substrate (2)
- supernova remnant (2)
- supernova remnants (2)
- supervised machine learning (2)
- surface states (2)
- surveys (2)
- synchrotron X-ray diffraction (2)
- synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography (2)
- synthesis (2)
- systems (2)
- systems biology (2)
- table-top sources (2)
- tandem solar cells (2)
- tau proteins (2)
- teacher education (2)
- temperature (2)
- temperature dependence (2)
- texture (2)
- theory (2)
- theory of Förster (2)
- thermal (2)
- thermally stimulated discharge (2)
- thick junctions (2)
- thomas graham house (2)
- time (2)
- time averaging (2)
- time-averaged mean squared displacement (2)
- time-series analysis (2)
- tissue growth (2)
- titanium dioxide (2)
- tomography (2)
- tracking (2)
- transfer dynamics (2)
- transient chaos (2)
- transmission (2)
- transversal instabilities (2)
- traveling waves (2)
- truncated power-law correlated noise (2)
- ultrafast phenomena (2)
- ultrafast photoacoustics (2)
- ultrafast spectroscopy (2)
- ultraschnelle Dynamik (2)
- ultraviolet: ISM (2)
- vacuum fields (2)
- vesicle (2)
- water (2)
- wave-particle interactions (2)
- waves (2)
- wetting (2)
- work function (2)
- x-ray diffraction (2)
- x-ray free-electron lasers (2)
- x-ray spectroscopies and phenomena (2)
- x-ray spectroscopy (2)
- Überschwemmungen (2)
- 'Reduced-Form' Modellierung (1)
- 'coupling sensitivity' (1)
- (TSNMRS) (1)
- (high-)voltage measurements (1)
- (magnetohydrodynamics) MHD (1)
- (sub-) tropical Africa (1)
- (sub-) tropisches Afrika (1)
- 1 (1)
- 1,3,4-oxadiazole (1)
- 15 (1)
- 16 (1)
- 2D Systeme (1)
- 2D Transport (1)
- 2D transport (1)
- 2d systems (1)
- 3 (1)
- 3 body recombination (1)
- 30S subunit (1)
- 3D Modellierung (1)
- 3D Systeme (1)
- 3D field calculations (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- 3D tomography (1)
- 3D-Feldsimulationen (1)
- 3D-modeling (1)
- 3d metals (1)
- 3d systems (1)
- 4-oxadiazol (1)
- 4-oxadiazole (1)
- 47A52 (1)
- 4T (1)
- 65R20 (1)
- 65R32 (1)
- 78A46 (1)
- 7924 (1)
- 7934 (1)
- 7959 (1)
- AFM (1)
- AI (1)
- AMALi (1)
- AMOC (1)
- APCI (1)
- ARTOF (1)
- ATP hydrolysis (1)
- ATP-Hydrolyse (1)
- Abbau von Boten-RNS (1)
- Absorption (1)
- Absorptionsspektroskopie (1)
- Abwärme (1)
- Accelerator mass spectrometry (1)
- Accretion (1)
- Acoustic probing of electric-field profiles (1)
- Actin cytoskeleton dynamics (1)
- Adam-Delbruck scenario (1)
- Adaptation (1)
- Adhesion (1)
- Adhäsionscluster (1)
- Adsorptionsschichten (1)
- Aerosol und Wolken Lidar (1)
- Agglomerate (1)
- Agglomeration (1)
- Aggregate states (1)
- Aggregates (1)
- Airborne Aerosol and Cloud Lidar (1)
- Airless bodies (1)
- Akkretionsscheiben (1)
- Aktinfilamente (1)
- Aktivität (1)
- Aktuation (1)
- Akustik (1)
- Alfv´en mode MHD turbulence (1)
- Alfv´en-Modus MHD-Turbulenz (1)
- Alignment (1)
- Alkane (1)
- All-polymer heterojunctions (1)
- Allgemeine Zirkulation (1)
- Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (1)
- Alpha-Effekt (1)
- Alternating copolymers (1)
- Alternative Akzeptorpolymere (1)
- Ambipolar charge transport (1)
- Ambipolar materials (1)
- Amphiphile Verbindungen (1)
- Anderson (1)
- Angle- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (1)
- Anharmonizität (1)
- Annealing (metallurgy) (1)
- Annealing treatment (1)
- Anomal (1)
- Anomalous (1)
- Anomalous diffusion (1)
- Anomalous diffusion exponent (1)
- Anomalous transport (1)
- Anrege-Abtast Spektroskopie (1)
- Anregungs-Abfrage-Experiment (1)
- Anregungs-Abfrage-Spektroskopie (1)
- Answer Set Programming (1)
- Antarctic (1)
- Anthropocene (1)
- Antibiotika-Toleranz (1)
- Antibiotikaresistenz (1)
- Antiferromagnetisch (1)
- Antiferromagnetismus (1)
- Antrieb (1)
- Approximation algorithms (1)
- Aqueous solution (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Arctic Haze (1)
- Arctic Oscillation (1)
- Arctic aerosol (1)
- Arctic atmosphere (1)
- Arctic boundary layer (1)
- Arctic haze (1)
- Arctic-midlatitude linkages (1)
- Arktische Nebel (1)
- Arktische Oszillation (1)
- Aromatic compounds (1)
- Aromaticity (1)
- Aromatizität (1)
- Array Seismology (1)
- Array design (1)
- Asia (1)
- Assemblierung (1)
- Astrobiologie (1)
- Astrometrie (1)
- Astronomical instrumentation (1)
- Astroparticle physics (1)
- Astrophotonics (1)
- Astrophysics (1)
- Asymmetric warming (1)
- Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (1)
- Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation (1)
- Atlantischer Ozean (1)
- Atmosphärenforschung (1)
- Atom chip (1)
- Atom-Chips (1)
- Atom-Oberflächenwechselwirkung (1)
- Atomchip (1)
- Atomoptik (1)
- Attraktorrekonstruktion (1)
- Au(111) (1)
- Augenbewegungen (1)
- Auger decay (1)
- Auger electron spectroscop (1)
- Auger-Meitner electron spectroscopy (1)
- Ausbreitung (1)
- Ausbreitung der kosmischen Strahlung (1)
- Ausbreitung planetarer Wellen (1)
- Autokorrelation (1)
- Azobenenzen (1)
- Azobenzen (1)
- Azobenzene (1)
- Azobenzol-haltiges Tensid (1)
- Azobenzolhaltige Polymerfilme (1)
- BESSY II (1)
- BESSY II. (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (B2 1215+30, VER J1217+301) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (BL Lacertae = VER J2202+422) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (HESS J1943+213, VER J1943+213) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (TXS 0506+056, VER J0509+057) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501 (1)
- Backbone modifications (1)
- Bandenenergien (1)
- Bandenprofil (1)
- Barokline Instabilität (1)
- Bayesian Model Averaging (1)
- Bayesian estimation (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bayessche Schätzer (1)
- Bayessche Statistik (1)
- Beam dynamics (1)
- Begleitgalaxien (1)
- Bemessungshochwasser (1)
- Bending energy (1)
- Benetzungsübergang (1)
- Bessel functions (1)
- Beta-eucryptite (1)
- Beugung niederenergetischer Elektronen (1)
- Bi2Se3 (1)
- Bi2Te3 (1)
- Biegeenergie (1)
- Bifurkationsanalyse (1)
- Big Data (1)
- Bilanz (1)
- Bilayer solar cells (1)
- Bildanalyse (1)
- Bilddatenanalyse (1)
- Bilirubin oxidase (1)
- Bindungsinteraktion (1)
- Bio-Hybrid (1)
- Bio-Hybridsystem (1)
- Biokompatibilität (1)
- Biological Physics (1)
- Biomechanik (1)
- Biomembranen (1)
- Biomimetic sensors (1)
- Biomoleküle (1)
- Biopolymere (1)
- Bistability (1)
- Bistabilität (1)
- Black– Scholes model (1)
- Bleihalogenid-Perowskite (BHP) (1)
- Bloch-Torrey equation (1)
- Blockcopolymere (1)
- Bodenfeuchte (1)
- Bogoliubov theory (1)
- Bogoliubov-Theorie (1)
- Boolean model (1)
- Booster cavity (1)
- Bose-Einstein Kondensation (1)
- Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) (1)
- Bose-Einstein-Kondensation (1)
- Bosegas (1)
- Boundary value problem (1)
- Brain Code (1)
- Breathing chimera states (1)
- Brechungsindex von Azobenzol-haltigen Tensiden (1)
- Brillouin Streuung (1)
- Brillouin zone (BZ) (1)
- Brillouin-Zone (BZ) (1)
- Brownian diffusion (1)
- Brownian motors (1)
- Budgetstudie (1)
- Bulge (1)
- C-13 chemical shift (1)
- C-Fluss (1)
- C-Senke (1)
- C-asterisk-algebra (1)
- C60 (1)
- CALIPSO (1)
- CDA (1)
- CH3NH3SnI3 (1)
- CLSM (1)
- CMAS (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- CRNS (1)
- CT (1)
- CT Komplex (1)
- CT complex (1)
- CVD (1)
- Caccioppoli inequality (1)
- Capacitance spectroscopy (1)
- Capsule (1)
- Carbonfaser Herstellung (1)
- Carrier dynamics (1)
- Cascading (1)
- Casimir effect (1)
- Casimir-Effekt (1)
- Casimir-Polder Wechselwirkung (1)
- Casimir-Polder-Interaktion (1)
- Cassini (1)
- Cassini<Raumsonde> (1)
- Catalysis (1)
- Cations (1)
- Cattaneo equation (1)
- Ce/Zr (1)
- Cellular polypropylene (PP) (1)
- Central asia (1)
- Cepstrum (1)
- Ceramics (1)
- Chalcopyrite (1)
- Chalkopyrit (1)
- Chaos synchronization (1)
- Chaostheorie (1)
- Chaotic dynamics (1)
- Chaotische Dynamik (1)
- Chaotische Oszillationen (1)
- Chaotische Sattel (1)
- Charge Transport (1)
- Charge extraction (1)
- Charge generation (1)
- Charge separation (1)
- Charge stability (1)
- Charge storage and transport (1)
- Charge transport (1)
- Charge-Storage (1)
- Charge-transfer state (1)
- Charged Systems (1)
- Charging or poling (1)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (1)
- Chemie-Transport-Modell (1)
- Chemotaxsis (1)
- Cherenkov showers (1)
- Cherenkov-Schauern (1)
- Chimäre-Zustände (1)
- Chorus waves (1)
- Chromatin (1)
- Chromhexacarbonyl (1)
- Chromosphere, quiet (1)
- Chromosphäre (1)
- Circumplanetary dust (1)
- Climate (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Climate modeling (1)
- Climatology (1)
- Clock Tree Implementation (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Cobalt thin film (1)
- Coherence (1)
- Coherence-incoherence (1)
- Cohesive finite elements (1)
- Colorimetric analysis (1)
- Comb-lattice model (1)
- Comets (1)
- Comets composition (1)
- Comets nucleus (1)
- Communications/decision making (1)
- Compacton (1)
- Complete asymptotics (1)
- Complex (1)
- Complex networks (1)
- Complexity theory (1)
- Computational chemistry (1)
- Computed Tomography (1)
- Computersimulation (1)
- Computertomography (1)
- Concentrating solar power (CSP) (1)
- Conducting polymers (1)
- Conformational disorder (1)
- Conic compartments (1)
- Continuous Wavelet Spectral Analysis (1)
- Continuum (1)
- Convection (1)
- Convolutional neural networks (1)
- Copper Phthalocyanine (1)
- Correlation Analysis (1)
- Cosmogenic isotopes (1)
- Cosmogenic nuclides (1)
- Coupled oscillators (1)
- Covalent interaction (1)
- Creep (1)
- Cross-Recurrence-Plot (1)
- Crystalline phases (1)
- Crystallization (1)
- CuI (1)
- CuInS2 (1)
- Curie-transition (1)
- Cw electron beam (1)
- Cyclones (1)
- Cylindrical comb (1)
- Cytochrome c (1)
- DFB laser (1)
- DFB-Laser (1)
- DFT (1)
- DIC (1)
- DLR equations (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA-PAINT (1)
- DNA-Schädigung (1)
- DNS (1)
- DNS-Bindungsproteine (1)
- Damage (1)
- Dark Matter (1)
- Data Analysis (1)
- Data analysis (1)
- Data assimilation (1)
- Data-driven modelling (1)
- Datenassimilation (1)
- Decision Making under Ambiguity (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Defects (1)
- Degradation of messenger RNA (1)
- Deimos (1)
- Depolymerisation (1)
- Detektion multipler Übergänge (1)
- Detergent (1)
- Deutsch als Zweitsprache (1)
- Dictyostelium discoideum (1)
- Dicytostelium (1)
- Dielectric hysteresis (1)
- Dielectric materials (1)
- Dielektrikum (1)
- Dielektrische Elastomeraktoren (1)
- Dielektrische Funktion (1)
- Dielektrische Nichtlinearitäten (1)
- Dielektrische Spektroskopie (1)
- Dielektrophorese (1)
- Differentielle Rotation (1)
- Diffraction (1)
- Diffraktion (1)
- Diffusion NMR (1)
- Diffusion coefficients (1)
- Diffusion kosmischer Strahlung (1)
- Diffusioosmose (1)
- Diffusioosmosis (1)
- Diodenlaser (1)
- Dislocation motion (1)
- Disperse dyes (1)
- Dispersion (1)
- Dispersion force (1)
- Dispersionsrelationen (1)
- Dissertation (1)
- Distributed (1)
- DoS (1)
- Domänen (1)
- Domänenwandbewegung (1)
- Donator-Akzeptor-Copolymere (1)
- Doped semiconductors (1)
- Doppelsterne (1)
- Dosimetrie (1)
- Double-jet (1)
- Dronning Maud Land (1)
- Druck-Volumen-Änderung (1)
- Druckgradient (1)
- Drude model (1)
- Dunkle Materie (1)
- Dunkler Materie (1)
- Dust (1)
- Dust dynamics (1)
- Dust sources and sinks (1)
- Dye transfer (1)
- Dynamic loading (1)
- Dynamical invariants (1)
- Dynamik der Atmosphäre (1)
- Dynamik in rumpfangeregten Zuständen (1)
- Dynamische Modellierung (1)
- Dynamoeffekt (1)
- Dysprosium (1)
- Dünnschichten (1)
- Dünnung (1)
- E-ring (1)
- E. coli (1)
- E.coli (1)
- ECIS (1)
- EDXRD (1)
- EEG (1)
- EMIC (1)
- EOF (1)
- EULAG Model (1)
- Earth System trajectories (1)
- Echo-State Netzwerk (1)
- Econophysics (1)
- Edit-Distanz (1)
- Edwards-Anderson order parameter (1)
- Effekt (1)
- Effizienz (1)
- Einbettung (1)
- Eindimensionaler Festkörper (1)
- Einfluß des Sonnenwindes und des interplanetaren magnetischen Feldes (1)
- Einstein's field equations (1)
- Einsteins Feldgleichungen (1)
- Einzel-Objekt-Nachweis (1)
- Einzelmolekül-Biosensor (1)
- Einzelmolekül-Kraftspektroskopie (1)
- Einzelmolekülspektroskopie (1)
- Einzelzellanalyse (1)
- Eisbergkalbung (1)
- Eisbohrkern (1)
- Eisen (1)
- Eisenpentacarbonyl (1)
- Eisrinne (1)
- Eisschildmodellierung (1)
- El Niño (1)
- El Niño Phänomen (1)
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (1)
- El Niño-Südliche Oszillation (1)
- El-Niño-Phänomen (1)
- Elastizität (1)
- Elastizitätstheorie (1)
- Electric polarization (1)
- Electric potential (1)
- Electrical insulation (1)
- Electrical properties and parameters (1)
- Electro-active and electro-passive dielectrics (1)
- Electroactive material (1)
- Electromagnetic Theory (1)
- Electron acceleration (1)
- Electron back-scattered diffraction (1)
- Electron populations (1)
- Electron transfer (1)
- Electron traps (1)
- Electronic properties and materials (1)
- Electronics, photonics and device physics (1)
- Elektretfolie (1)
- Elektroaktive Materialien (1)
- Elektrolyte (1)
- Elektronen (1)
- Elektronenbeschleunigung (1)
- Elektronenrückstreubeugung (1)
- Elektronische Eigenschaft (1)
- Elektrostatische Wechselwirkung (1)
- Elementarteilchen (1)
- Embedding (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emergency response (1)
- Energetic disorder (1)
- Energie (1)
- Energieausbreitung (1)
- Energiebilanzmodell (1)
- Energieschätzung (1)
- Energy science and technology (1)
- Energy-level alignment (1)
- Ensemble-Simulation (1)
- Ensemblesimulationen (1)
- Epidemic spreading models (1)
- Epidemien (1)
- Epoxy resin (1)
- Epoxy resins (1)
- Equatorial ionosphere (1)
- Equilibrium (1)
- Erdbebenvorhersage (1)
- Erdsystem Modellierung (1)
- Essential spectrum (1)
- European storm-time model (1)
- Evolutionen (1)
- Excited-state calculations; (1)
- Exoplaneten (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Experimental techniques (1)
- Experimente (1)
- Experimentierkompetenz (1)
- Experimentierzyklus (1)
- Explainable AI (1)
- External quantum efficiency (1)
- Extraktion (1)
- Extrasolare Planeten (1)
- Extreme events (1)
- Extreme precipitation (1)
- Extremniederschläge (1)
- Exziton-Dissoziation (1)
- FARIMA (1)
- FELS (1)
- False negative (1)
- False positive (1)
- Faltung von Proteinen (1)
- Faltungsdynamik (1)
- Fe2TiO5 (1)
- Feedback control (1)
- Feld (1)
- Feld-Effekt-Transistoren (1)
- Femtosekundenlaser-Bearbeitungsmethode (1)
- Fensteransatz (1)
- Fermi-level alignment (1)
- Fermi-level pinning (1)
- Fernerkundung (1)
- Ferroelectrets (1)
- Ferroelectrics (1)
- Ferroelektrik (1)
- Ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- Ferroelektrizität (1)
- Ferromagnetismus (1)
- Festkörperlaser (1)
- Festkörperphysik (1)
- Feuchtesensor (1)
- Fibre-fed spectroscopy (1)
- Field emission (1)
- Field experiments (1)
- Filament-Bündel (1)
- Filaments (1)
- Finite Differenzen (1)
- Finsler geometry (1)
- Fixation (1)
- Flagellenbewegung (1)
- Flashing ratchets (1)
- Flims (1)
- Flooding probability (1)
- Flow (1)
- Flugzeug Lidar (1)
- Fluktuationen (1)
- Fluktuations-Dissipations-Theorem (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluoreszenz-Mikroskopie (1)
- Fluoreszenzmikroskopie (1)
- Fluorpolymere (1)
- Flussfotolyse (1)
- Flüssigkristall (1)
- Flüssigkristalle (1)
- Fokalkontakt (1)
- Fokker– Planck equation (1)
- Forcemyography (1)
- Formgleichungen von Vesikeln (1)
- Forschend Entdeckendes Lernen (1)
- Fortuin-Kasteleyn representation (1)
- Fouriertransformation (1)
- Fox H-function (1)
- Fox H-functions (1)
- Fractal (1)
- Fractal dimension (1)
- Fractals (1)
- Fractional Brownian motion (1)
- Fraktale (1)
- Frank-Condon analysis (1)
- Free Electron Laser (1)
- Free-electron-laser science (1)
- Freie Elektronen Laser (1)
- Frequenzstabilisierung (1)
- Fulleren (1)
- Functional dependencies (1)
- Functional scaffolds (1)
- GEANT4 modeling (1)
- GMR sensors (1)
- Gadolinium (1)
- Galaxie (1)
- Galaxie: allgemein (1)
- Galaxien (1)
- Galaxies: high-redshift (1)
- Galaxies: interactions (1)
- Galaxy: center (1)
- Galaxy: general (1)
- Galaxy: structure (1)
- Gammaastronomie (1)
- Gardner equation (1)
- Gas phase (1)
- Geige (1)
- Generalized Langevin equation (1)
- Generierung freier Ladungsträger (1)
- Generierung von Ladungsträgern (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genetisches Programmieren (1)
- Geodynamo (1)
- Geomagnetic activity (1)
- Geomagnetic index (1)
- Geomagnetic observatory (1)
- Geomagnetic secular variation (1)
- Geomagnetische Aktivität (1)
- Geomagnetischer Index (1)
- Geomagnetisches Observatorium (1)
- Gewebewachstum (1)
- Gibbs point process (1)
- Ginzburg-Landau lattice (1)
- Gitter (1)
- Gittermodelle (1)
- Gitterstreuung (1)
- Glaciation (1)
- Glaciation Central Asia (1)
- Global coupling (1)
- Glykolipide (1)
- Gold (1)
- Gold-Nanopartikel (1)
- Gold@polydopamine (1)
- Goldsubstrat (1)
- Gradient Boosting (1)
- Grain-size distributions (1)
- Granite (1)
- Granular chain (1)
- Granulation (1)
- Graphene (1)
- Graphentheorie (1)
- Graphtheorie (1)
- Gratings (1)
- Gravitationskollaps (1)
- Green function (1)
- Green's function (1)
- Greenland Ice Sheet (1)
- Green’ s functions (1)
- Grenzflächenrekombination (1)
- Gruppenfeldtheorie (1)
- Grönländisches Eisschild (1)
- HALS (1)
- HRTEM (1)
- HTL (1)
- Haake-Lewenstein-Wilkens approach (1)
- Habitabilität (1)
- Halbleiter / Kristallgitter / Verzerrung / Röntgenbeugung / Synchrotronstrahlung (1)
- Halogenbindung (1)
- Hamilton (1)
- Hamiltonian (1)
- Heat Transfer (1)
- Helizität (1)
- Hermite polynomial expansion (1)
- Heterogeneous (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- Heusler-Legierung (1)
- Heusler-alloy (1)
- Hexagonal grid (1)
- Hierarchical Design (1)
- High specific surface area (1)
- Hilbert Scales (1)
- Hilbert-Transformation (1)
- Histon-DNS-Komplex (1)
- Histone-DNA Complexes (1)
- Hitzewellen (1)
- Hochenergiephysik (1)
- Hochleistungscomputer (1)
- Hochvakuum (1)
- Hodge theory (1)
- Hofmeister (1)
- Hofmeister effect (1)
- Hohlraum-Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Hohlraumeffekte (1)
- Holografie (1)
- Holographie (1)
- Holozän (1)
- Hurst exponent (1)
- Hurst-Exponent (1)
- Hybrid materials (1)
- Hydraulic models (1)
- Hydraulic networks (1)
- Hydrocarbons (1)
- Hydrodynamics (1)
- Hydrodynamik (1)
- Hydrodynamischer Fluss (1)
- Hydrodynamisches Modell (1)
- Hydrogels (1)
- Hydrogen activation (1)
- Hydrologie (1)
- Hydrolyse (1)
- Hypernetwork (1)
- Hyperschall (1)
- Hyperschall Propagation (1)
- Hysterese (1)
- IACT (1)
- ICLIPS (1)
- ICON (1)
- IMD (1)
- IMPTAM (1)
- IN718 (1)
- IR ellipsometry (1)
- IR spectroscopy (1)
- ISM : supernova remnants (1)
- ISM: general (1)
- ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5) (1)
- ISM: jets and outflows (1)
- ISM: lines and bands (1)
- IZO (1)
- Identifikation (1)
- Imprecise Probability (1)
- Impurity segregation (1)
- In-situ (1)
- In-situ Rasterkraftmikroskopie (1)
- Inconel 718 (1)
- India (1)
- Indian summer monsoon (1)
- Indischer Sommer-Monsun (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Infrarot (1)
- Infrarot Spektroskopie (1)
- Inner magnetosphere (1)
- Instabilität (1)
- Instabiltät (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Instrumentation and data management (1)
- Insulators (1)
- Integral field spectroscopy (1)
- Integrated spectrograph (1)
- Interaction (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Interdisciplinary Physics (1)
- Interface dipole (1)
- Interface-Engineering (1)
- Interfaces (1)
- Interfacial strength (1)
- Interlayer (1)
- Intermittency (1)
- Intermolecular deactivation (1)
- Intermolekulare Desaktivierung (1)
- Internal stress (1)
- Interplanetary dust (1)
- Interstellar medium (1)
- Interstellare Materie (1)
- Intervallwahrscheinlichkeit (1)
- Intrachain order (1)
- Intragap states (1)
- Invariance (1)
- Invarianz (1)
- Inversanalyse (1)
- Ionenspezifisch (1)
- Ionenverteilungen (1)
- Ionic Self-Assembly (1)
- Ionisches Tensid (1)
- Ionosphere (1)
- Ir(111) (1)
- Irradiation (1)
- Isotroper schneller Modus Turbulenzen (1)
- Iterative Airborne Lidar Inversion (1)
- Iterative reconstruction (1)
- Jahreszeitenvorhersage (1)
- Janus Partikel (1)
- Janus particle (1)
- Jetstream (1)
- Junction model (1)
- K-Kanten Weichröntgenspektroskopie (1)
- K-edge soft X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- Kalman filtering (1)
- Kaskade (1)
- Kaskadenrate (1)
- Kegelförmige Geometrien (1)
- Keimbildung (1)
- Keimbildung und Wachstum (1)
- Kelvin probe (1)
- Khalerchinskaya tundra (1)
- Kinetik (1)
- Kleinwinkelröntgenstreuung (1)
- Klima / Umweltschutz (1)
- Klimadaten (1)
- Klimafolgen (1)
- Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Klimamodell (1)
- Klimamodell mittlerer Komplexität (1)
- Klimanetzwerke (1)
- Klimaphysik (1)
- Klimaprognose (1)
- Klimasensitivität (1)
- Klimavariabilität (1)
- Klimawirkungsfunktionen (1)
- Knickinstabilität (1)
- Knochen (1)
- Knospung (1)
- Kobalt (1)
- Kobalt-Dünnfilm (1)
- Kohlenstoffzyklus (1)
- Kohnen (1)
- Kohärenz (1)
- Kohärenz-Analyse (1)
- Kohärenztheorie (1)
- Kollisionsdynamik (1)
- Kolloid / Lösung (1)
- Kolloidphysik (1)
- Komplex (1)
- Komplexe Netzwerke (1)
- Konformationsselektion (1)
- Konjugierte Polymere (1)
- Konjugierten polyelektrolyt (1)
- Kontaktschichten (1)
- Kontrastwerte (1)
- Kontrolltheorie (1)
- Konvektion (1)
- Konzentration (1)
- Kopplung zwischen Magnetosphäre, Ionosphäre und Thermosphäre (1)
- Kopplungs-Analyse (1)
- Korngrößenverteilungen (1)
- Kp index (1)
- Kraftdipol (1)
- Kraftdipole (1)
- Kraftmikroskopie (1)
- Kristallstruktur (1)
- Kupferphthalocyanin (1)
- Kuramoto Modell (1)
- Kurzzeitspektroskopie mit optischer Anregung und Röntgendetektion (1)
- Körperschall (1)
- L-edge spectroscopy (1)
- LEED (1)
- LIBS (1)
- LLG equation (1)
- LLS (1)
- LSTM (1)
- Labialpfeife (1)
- Laboratory astrophysics (1)
- Labradorsee ; Thermohaline Konvektion ; Stochastisches Modell (1)
- Ladungsgenerierung (1)
- Ladungsrekombination (1)
- Ladungsspeicherung (1)
- Ladungsspeicherung und -transport (1)
- Ladungsträger (1)
- Ladungsträgerdynamik (1)
- Ladungsträgerrekombination (1)
- Lakes (1)
- Lakunen (1)
- Land-sea thermal contrast (1)
- Langmuir (1)
- Langmuir monolayer (1)
- Laplace-type operator (1)
- Large deviation statistics (1)
- Laser (1)
- Laser powder bed fusion (1)
- Last Glacial Maximum (1)
- Leerlaufspannung (1)
- Legierung (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Lehrerfortbildung (1)
- Leistungsspektrum (1)
- Leitplankenansatz (1)
- Leitungsbandstruktur (1)
- Lernaufgaben (1)
- Lernumgebung (1)
- Letztes Glaziales Maximum (1)
- Levy flight (1)
- Ligand-field state (1)
- Ligands (1)
- Line Suche (1)
- Lipide (1)
- Lipidmembran (1)
- Liquid crystal (1)
- Localization (1)
- Localization regime (1)
- Localized chaos (1)
- Loop-Quantengravitation (1)
- Low Energy Electron Diffraction (1)
- Low carbon steel (1)
- Luftmassentransport (1)
- Lyapunov exponents (1)
- Lyapunov-Exponenten (1)
- Lyman-Alpha-Emitter (1)
- Lyman-alpha emitters (1)
- Lysozyme (1)
- Längsschnittstudie (1)
- Lévy flights (1)
- Lévy walks (1)
- Lösung (1)
- Lösungsassemblierung (1)
- Lösungsmittelabhängigkeit (1)
- MATROSHKA-R (1)
- MBE (1)
- MD simulations (1)
- MD-Simulationen (1)
- MHD ; Röntgenstrahlung ; Jets ; AGN ; Mikro-Quasare (1)
- MHD ; X-rays ; Jets ; AGN ; Microquasars (1)
- MHD-Simulationen (1)
- MHD-Simulations (1)
- MHD-equations (1)
- MOPA (1)
- MRI (1)
- Machine learning control (1)
- Magellanic Cloud (1)
- Magnesiumoxid (1)
- Magnetfeld-Satellit (1)
- Magnetfelderzeugung (1)
- Magnetic field (1)
- Magnetic field measurements (1)
- Magnetic fields (1)
- Magnetic stray field (1)
- Magnetische Felder (1)
- Magnetische Feldmessungen (1)
- Magneto-Optik (1)
- Magnetoelastizität (1)
- Magnetokonvektion (1)
- Magnetometer-Kalibrierung (1)
- Magnetooptical effects (1)
- Magnetosomen-Ketten (1)
- Magnetospheric physics (1)
- Magnetostriktion (1)
- Major mergers (1)
- Makroökonomische Modellierung (1)
- Mannigfaltigkeiten (1)
- Markov additive processes (1)
- Markov process (1)
- Markov state models (1)
- Markov-Prozess (1)
- Markov-Prozesse (1)
- Markowketten (1)
- Mars (1)
- Massenaussterben (1)
- Master-Gleichungen (1)
- Mastergleichung (1)
- Material (1)
- Materialeinflüsse (1)
- Mathematikdidaktik (1)
- Maximum entropy method (1)
- Maximum likelihood estimation (1)
- Mean-field Theorie (1)
- Mechanische Eigenschaft (1)
- Mechanosensitive proteins (1)
- Mechanosensitiven Proteine (1)
- Mechanosensor (1)
- Mechanotransduktion (1)
- Meereis (1)
- Meeresspiegel (1)
- Meeresspiegelanstieg (1)
- Mehrfachstreuung (1)
- Mehrschichtsystem (1)
- Mehrschichtsysteme (1)
- Mehrstoffsystem (1)
- Membran-Adhäsionskräfte (1)
- Membranadhäsion (1)
- Membrane Fusion (1)
- Membrane fusion (1)
- Membrane tension (1)
- Membranen (1)
- Membranröhrchen (1)
- Membranspannung (1)
- Memory effects (1)
- Metal (1)
- Metal Halide Perovskites (1)
- Metal Halogenid Perowskiten (1)
- Metal matrix composite (1)
- Metal oxides (1)
- Metall (1)
- Metall-Isolator-Halbleiter (1)
- Metall/Graphen/Polymer Grenzfläch (1)
- Metalle der seltenen Erden (1)
- Metals (1)
- Meyer-Neldel-Regel (1)
- Meyer-Neldel-rule (1)
- MgO nanoparticles (1)
- Micelle (1)
- Microcracked ceramics (1)
- Micromechanical modeling (1)
- Micromechanical schemes (1)
- Micropipetten (1)
- Microschwimmer (1)
- Microscopic morphology (1)
- Microstructure (1)
- Microstructure and (1)
- Microstructure and texture (1)
- Mid-temperature transition (1)
- Mikrogravitationslinseneffekt (1)
- Mikrokanal (1)
- Mikrokapsel (1)
- Mikrolensing (1)
- Mikrometeorologie (1)
- Mikrosakkaden (1)
- Mikroschwimmer (1)
- Mikroskopie (1)
- Milchstrasse (1)
- Min-Proteine (1)
- Min-proteins (1)
- Mineralisierung (1)
- Minimax convergence rates (1)
- Mischphasenwolken (1)
- Mischung (1)
- Mittag-Leffler function (1)
- Mittag-Leffler functions (1)
- Mitteltemperaturübergang (1)
- Mixing (1)
- MoS2 (1)
- MoS₂ (1)
- Mobility imbalance (1)
- Mobility relaxation (1)
- Modal expansion method (1)
- Model structural error (1)
- Modelierung (1)
- Modell (1)
- Modellierung der internationalen Migration (1)
- Modellkopplung (1)
- Modellvalidierung (1)
- Modenkopplung (1)
- Modenstabilität (1)
- Molar water content (1)
- Molecular Aging (1)
- Molecular Beam Epitaxy (1)
- Molecular crowding (1)
- Molecular motors (1)
- Molecular structure (1)
- Molecularly imprinted polymer (1)
- Molekulare Motoren (1)
- Molekulares Altern (1)
- Molekularstrahlepitaxie (1)
- Moleküldynamik (1)
- Molybdenum sulfide monolayer (1)
- Molybdänsulfid Monolagen (1)
- Monolage (1)
- Monomers (1)
- Monte Carlo simulation (1)
- Monte Carlo simulations (1)
- Monte-Carlo-Simulationen (1)
- Moonlight (1)
- Moran effect (1)
- Moran-Effekt (1)
- Morawetz estimate (1)
- Morawetz-Schätzung (1)
- Motility-Assay (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Motorgeschwindigkeit (1)
- Motorik (1)
- Motorzyklus (1)
- Multi-Spektrum-Regularisierung (1)
- Multi-dimensional Markovian embedding of non-Markovian dynamics (1)
- Multi-object spectroscopy (1)
- Multilayers (1)
- Multimode fibres (1)
- Multiphase composites (1)
- Multiple Scattering (1)
- Multiple trapping model (1)
- Multiproteinkomplexbildung (1)
- Multiskale (1)
- Multistability (1)
- Multistabilität (1)
- Multivariate Analyse (1)
- Multivariate Statistics (1)
- Multivariate Statistik (1)
- Multiwavelength LIDAR (1)
- Musikinstrumente (1)
- Musterbildung (1)
- Musterskalierung (1)
- N400 (1)
- NLP (1)
- NMR (1)
- NTCM (1)
- NTF (1)
- Nano-Elektroden (1)
- Nano-dielectrics (1)
- Nanofluid (1)
- Nanokomposite (1)
- Nanomaterialien (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanoreactor (1)
- Nanofluid (1)
- Near-Field Optics (1)
- Network inference (1)
- Netzwerk Inferenz (1)
- Netzwerk Rekonstruktion (1)
- Netzwerktheorie (1)
- Neumann problem (1)
- Neuronal synchrony (1)
- Neuronale Synchronisation (1)
- Neuronsreliabilität (1)
- Neurooscillators (1)
- Neutronen (1)
- Neutronen Diffraktion (1)
- Neutronen Reflektometrie (1)
- Neutronendiffraktion (1)
- Neutronensterne (1)
- Neutronreflektometrie (1)
- Ni (1)
- Nicht-Isochronizität (1)
- Nicht-Langevin-Systeme (1)
- Nichtexponentieller Zerfall von mRNA (1)
- Nichtgleichgewichts-Phasenübergang (1)
- Nichtlinear angeregte Fluoreszenz (1)
- Nichtlineare Mikroskopie (1)
- Nichtlineare Optik (1)
- Nichtlineare Systeme (1)
- Nichtlineare Wellen (1)
- Nichtlineare Zeitreihenanalyse ; Signalanalyse - Polbewegung ; Chandler-Periode ; Nichtlineares Phänomen (1)
- Nichtlineares dynamisches System / Harmonische Analyse / Fraktal (1)
- Nickel-based (1)
- Nickel-based superalloy (1)
- Node degree distribution (1)
- Noise (1)
- Noisy oscillators (1)
- Non-Langevin systems (1)
- Non-Markovian processes (1)
- Non-exponential mRNA decay (1)
- Non-fullerene acceptors (1)
- Non-linear dielectric spectroscopy (1)
- Non-perturbative analysis (1)
- Nonisochronicity (1)
- Nonlinear analysis (1)
- Nonlinear dynamics (1)
- Nonlinear waves (1)
- Nonlinearity (1)
- Nonradiative recombination (1)
- Nordatlantik (1)
- North Atlantic (1)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1)
- Nukleobasen (1)
- Numerische Relativitätstheorie (1)
- Numerisches Verfahren (1)
- OFET (1)
- OGLE (1)
- OLEDs (1)
- OSSS inequality (1)
- Oberflächen-Brillouin-Zone (OBZ) (1)
- Oberflächenassemblierung (1)
- Oberflächenemissivität (1)
- Oberflächenfluss (1)
- Oberflächenphysik (1)
- Oberflächenzustände (1)
- Oberfächen (1)
- Observations (1)
- Observing methods (1)
- Ocean Circulation (1)
- Oligomers (1)
- On-Sky-Tests (1)
- Open-circuit voltage (1)
- Optimierung (1)
- Opto-mechanische Spannungen (1)
- Optoelectronic devices and components (1)
- Optoelectronic properties (1)
- Optoelectronics (1)
- Organic LEDs (1)
- Organic Semiconductors (1)
- Organic Solar Cell (1)
- Organic electronics (1)
- Organic thermoelectrics (1)
- Organische Halbleiter (1)
- Orgelpfeifen (1)
- Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process (1)
- Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Prozess (1)
- Ortsauflösende Spektrofotometrie (1)
- Oscillation (1)
- Oscillators (1)
- Ott - Antonsen reduction (1)
- Ott-Antonsen equation (1)
- Ott-Antonsen reduction (1)
- Ott–Antonsen equation (1)
- Oxadiazolderivate ; Kristallstruktur ; Hochdruck ; UV-VIS-Spektroskopie ; Raman-Spektroskopie (1)
- Oxygen (1)
- Ozeanmodell (1)
- Ozonzabbau (1)
- P (1)
- P hasensynchronisierung (1)
- P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) (1)
- P300 (1)
- PAN (1)
- PBH (1)
- PBLG (1)
- PBT7 (1)
- PBTTT (1)
- PCPDTBT (1)
- PEDOT:PSS (1)
- PEG brushes (1)
- PEG-Funktionalisierung (1)
- PLANET (1)
- PNIPAm (1)
- PPV (1)
- PVDF-based polymers (1)
- Palaeoclimatology (1)
- Paleoclimate modeling (1)
- Paleoclimatology (1)
- Paleoklimatologie (1)
- Parametric drift estimation (1)
- Parametrisierung (1)
- Pareto law (1)
- Partial synchrony (1)
- Partial wavelet coherence (1)
- Partially alternating copolymers (1)
- Particles precipitating (1)
- Particles trapped (1)
- Partikel (1)
- Partikeltransport (1)
- Percolation (1)
- Performanztest (1)
- Periodic solutions (1)
- Perkolation (1)
- Perovskite solar cell (1)
- Perovskite solar cells (1)
- Perowskit-Oxide (1)
- Persistenzlänge (1)
- Phase Diffusion (1)
- Phase dynamics (1)
- Phase modulation (1)
- Phase reconstruction (1)
- Phase transitions (1)
- Phase-Analysis (1)
- Phasen Oszillatoren (1)
- Phasen-Amplituden Trennung (1)
- Phasen-Analyse (1)
- Phasen-Gleichungen (1)
- Phasen-Oszillatoren (1)
- Phasendemodulation (1)
- Phasendiffusion (1)
- Phasendynamik (1)
- Phasengleichverteilung (1)
- Phasenkopplung (1)
- Phasenkopplungen höherer Ordnung (1)
- Phasenoszillatoren (1)
- Phasenregel (1)
- Phasenspektrum (1)
- Phasentrennung (1)
- Phenomenology (1)
- Philosophy of Science (1)
- Phonon-Polariton (1)
- Phononen Dynamik (1)
- Phononen Dämpfung (1)
- Phononen Rückfaltung (1)
- Phononenstreuung (1)
- Photo-CELIV (1)
- Photoconductivity (1)
- Photocurrent (1)
- Photodissoziation (1)
- Photoelektronen (1)
- Photoelektronenmikroskopie (1)
- Photoelektronenmikroskopie (PEEM) (1)
- Photogeneration (1)
- Photon density wave spectroscopy (1)
- Photonic Crystals (1)
- Photonic devices (1)
- Photonische Kristalle (1)
- Photonischer Kristall (1)
- Photophysik (1)
- Photorefractive polymers (1)
- Photorefraktive Polymere (1)
- Photosphere (1)
- Photothermal conversion (1)
- Photovoltaic gap (1)
- Photovoltaics (1)
- Physical Implementation (1)
- Physics Education (1)
- Physik Lehramt (1)
- Physik der Musikinstrumente (1)
- Physik der weichen Materie (1)
- Phänomenologie (1)
- Phänotypische Heterogenität (1)
- Piezo-, Pyro-und Ferroelektrizität (1)
- Piezo1 (1)
- Piezo2 (1)
- Piezoelectrically generated Pressure Steps (PPSs) (1)
- Piezoelektrische Sensoren (1)
- Pikosekundenakustik (1)
- Pipe networks (1)
- Planetare Ringe (1)
- Planetary Rings (1)
- Planetary rings and tori (1)
- Planeten (1)
- Plasma Physics (1)
- Plasmonik (1)
- Plastibodies (1)
- Plio-Pleistocene (1)
- Plio-Pleistozän (1)
- Point Process (1)
- Polar 5 (1)
- Polar ozone (1)
- Polar vortex (1)
- Polarforschung (1)
- Polarisationsverteilung (1)
- Polarization (1)
- Polarization distribution (1)
- Polaron (1)
- Polartief (1)
- Polarwirbel (1)
- Polbewegung (1)
- Poly(vinylidenfluorid) (1)
- Poly-DADMAC (1)
- Polycrystals (1)
- Polydispersität (1)
- Polyelectrolyte Complexes (1)
- Polyelektrolytkomplexe (1)
- Polyethylen-Nanokomposite (1)
- Polyetlioxysiloxane (1)
- Polymer Electronics (1)
- Polymer intermixing (1)
- Polymer solar cells (1)
- Polymer-Kristalle (1)
- Polymer-Plastik (1)
- Polymer-Solarzelle (1)
- Polymerbürsten (1)
- Polymere / Physik (1)
- Polymere auf PVDF-Basis (1)
- Polymerelektrete (1)
- Polymerelektronik (1)
- Polymerfilm (1)
- Polymerphysik (1)
- Polymers (1)
- Polymerschaum (1)
- Polypyrrol (1)
- Polyrhythmen (1)
- Polystyrol Nano-Sphären (1)
- Polysulfobetain (1)
- Polythiophen (1)
- Populationen (1)
- Populations (1)
- Populationsdynamik (1)
- Porositätsanalyse (1)
- Porphyrine (1)
- Porphyrins (1)
- Post-Newton (1)
- Post-transcriptional gene regulation (1)
- Posttranskriptionale Genregulation (1)
- Potsdam / Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (1)
- Precursor (1)
- Primordiale Schwarzen Löchern (1)
- Probabilistic Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment (1)
- Probabilistic projections (1)
- Probability (1)
- Process analytical technology (1)
- Professionswissen (1)
- Prognose (1)
- Projektionen (1)
- Prominences (1)
- Prominences, magnetic field (1)
- Prominences, quiescent (1)
- Propeller (1)
- Protein Multilayer (1)
- Protein-Protein-Interaktion (1)
- Proteine (1)
- Proteinfaltung (1)
- Proteinkinetik (1)
- Proteins (1)
- Protonendynamik molekularer Systeme (1)
- Protonentransfer in angeregten Zuständen (1)
- Protophase (1)
- Proxyunsicherheit (1)
- Proxyverständnis (1)
- Präkonzepte (1)
- Präparation fester Komplexe (1)
- Prästabilisierung (1)
- Pseudo-Voigt fit function (1)
- Pseudomonas putida (1)
- Pulse induced transparency (1)
- Pulszugformung (1)
- Pulverpartikelanalyse (1)
- Pump-Probe Spektroskopie (1)
- Punktdefekt (1)
- Pupil Remapper (1)
- PyTorch (1)
- Pyridone (1)
- Pyridones (1)
- Python (1)
- QPM (1)
- Quanten Optomechanik (1)
- Quanten-Elektrodynamik (QED) (1)
- Quantencomputer (1)
- Quantendegeneriert BEK FDS ultrakalte Atome (1)
- Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Quantenfluktuationen (1)
- Quantenwell (1)
- Quantum (1)
- Quantum Optics (1)
- Quantum Optomechanics (1)
- Quartz (1)
- Quasare (1)
- Quasi-Kondensat (1)
- Quasimodes (1)
- Quiescent (1)
- Quiet (1)
- R-PE (1)
- RAMAN spectroscopy (1)
- RAMAN-Spektroskopie (1)
- REM (1)
- RF gun (1)
- RIXS at FELs (1)
- Radiation dose calculation (1)
- Radiation on the ISS (1)
- Radiation transfer model (1)
- Radiosensitization (1)
- Raman (1)
- Raman Streuung (1)
- Raman imaging (1)
- Raman scattering (1)
- Random Environments (1)
- Random Walk (1)
- Random Walks (1)
- Random cluster model (1)
- Random feature maps (1)
- Random-Walk-Theorie (1)
- Randomised tree algorithm (1)
- Rapid thinning (1)
- Rauheit (1)
- Raumladungsfeld (1)
- Raumzeitgeometrie (1)
- Rauschinduzierte Anregbarkeit (1)
- Rauschinduzierte Oszillatonsunte (1)
- Reaction mechanisms (1)
- Reactive adsorption (1)
- Reactive coupling (1)
- Recombination losses (1)
- Recurrence Plot (1)
- Recurrence Plots (1)
- Recurrence network (1)
- Recurrence plot (1)
- Recurrence plots (1)
- Recurrence quantification analysis (1)
- Recurrence-Plot (1)
- Reduced-Form Modeling (1)
- Reflective writing (1)
- Reflexionsmodell (1)
- Reflexionsqualität (1)
- Reflexionstiefe (1)
- Reflexivität (1)
- Regelung (1)
- Regge Kalkül (1)
- Regularisierung (1)
- Rekombination (1)
- Rekurrenz (1)
- Rekurrenzdarstellung (1)
- Rekurrenzen (1)
- Rekurrenzplot (1)
- Relativistische Astrophysik (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelectric (RF) fluoropolymers (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelectric polymer (1)
- Relaxor-ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- Reliability of Neurons (1)
- Remagnetisierung (1)
- Renormierung (1)
- Reproducing kernel Hilbert space (1)
- Residual circulation (1)
- Residual stresses (1)
- Residue (1)
- Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (1)
- Resonanzfluoreszenz (1)
- Resonator (1)
- Resonator Quantenelektrodynamik (1)
- Responsive Polymere (1)
- Retrieval (1)
- Reversal (1)
- Rezeptor (1)
- Richardson Superdiffusion (1)
- Richardson-Superdiffusion (1)
- Ring (1)
- Ringe (1)
- Ringstrom (1)
- Ringstromelektronen (1)
- Risserkennung (1)
- Roberts flow (1)
- Roberts-Strömung (1)
- Robin boundary condition (1)
- Robotik (1)
- Roche (1)
- Roche Limit (1)
- Rock (1)
- Rocks (1)
- Rohr (1)
- Rohrresonator (1)
- Rollende Adhäsion (1)
- Rotationsbeschichtung (1)
- RsgA (1)
- Röntgen-Refraktions Bildgebung (1)
- Röntgenstrahlung (1)
- Rückkopplungskontrolle (1)
- SCAPS-1D (1)
- SFG (1)
- SHPB (1)
- SIR model (1)
- SLM (1)
- SPECT (1)
- SPMs (1)
- Saddle Point (1)
- Sakkadendetektion (1)
- Satellitenmission Swarm (1)
- Saturn<Planet> (1)
- Scaling exponents (1)
- Scan strategies (1)
- Scanning transmission electron microscopy (1)
- Scattering (1)
- Scattering breakdown (1)
- Schadstofftransport (1)
- Schallabstrahlung (1)
- Schaum (1)
- Schaumbildung (1)
- Schaumstabilität (1)
- Scheibe (1)
- Scher-Montroll Transport (1)
- Scher-Montroll transport (1)
- Schlecht gestelltes Problem (1)
- Schleifenschließung (1)
- Schottky junction (1)
- Schrödinger equation (1)
- Schwarze Löcher (1)
- Schwimmende Mikroorganismen (1)
- Schwingungsspektroskopie (1)
- Schwingungstilger (1)
- Schäume (1)
- Schülervorstellungen (1)
- Science Curriculum (1)
- Science education (1)
- Seasonal prediction (1)
- Seebeck coefficient (1)
- Seismicity modelling (1)
- Seismizität (1)
- Selbstorganisierte Kritizität (1)
- Selbstähnlichkeit (1)
- Semantics (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Shannon entropy (1)
- Shape equations of vesicles (1)
- Shnol theorem (1)
- Shock waves (1)
- Shockley-Read-Hall (1)
- Shocks (1)
- Signal transfer chain (1)
- Significance Testing (1)
- Signifikanztests (1)
- Silica source (1)
- Silicification (1)
- Silicon (1)
- Siliziumdioxid-auf-Silizium (1)
- Simulations (1)
- Sinai diffusion (1)
- Sintern (1)
- Skalarprodukt von Kraft und Weg (1)
- Skalengesetze (1)
- Slums (1)
- Small (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Societal impacts (1)
- Solar Cycle, observations (1)
- Solar Physics (1)
- Solar corona (1)
- Solar cycle (1)
- Solar energy (1)
- Solar energy and photovoltaic technology (1)
- Solarzellen (1)
- Soliton (1)
- Solvents (1)
- Sonnenphysik (1)
- South-America (1)
- Space charge (1)
- Space climate (1)
- Space plasmas (1)
- Space radiation (1)
- Space weather (1)
- Spectral diffusion (1)
- Spectral gap (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Speicheranwendungen (1)
- Spektralanalyse <Stochastik> (1)
- Spin Textur (1)
- Spin casting (1)
- Spin- und winkelaufgelöste Photoemission (1)
- Spin-Bahn-Wechselwirkung (SBW) (1)
- Spin-Schaum-Modelle (1)
- Spin-echo (1)
- Spin-orbi coupling (SOC) (1)
- Spinpolarisation (1)
- Spinstruktur (1)
- Spinwellen (1)
- Sprachbildung (1)
- Sprachverarbeitung (1)
- Spread F (1)
- Spreading (1)
- Stability (1)
- Stars: individual: 4U2206+54, BD+53 2790 (1)
- Statistical Physics (1)
- Statistical copolymers (1)
- Statistical inference (1)
- Statistical inverse problem (1)
- Statistik (1)
- Staus (1)
- Steppest Descend method (1)
- Stern-Gerlach effect (1)
- Sternaktivität (1)
- Sterne: Entfernungen (1)
- Sternflecken (1)
- Sternhaufen (1)
- Sternoberfläche (1)
- Stille-type cross-coupling (1)
- Stimulated scattering (1)
- Stimuli-responsive materials (1)
- Stimulierte Brillouin Streuung (1)
- Stochastic dynamical systems (1)
- Stochastic gene expression (1)
- Stochastic reaction– diffusion (1)
- Stochastische Differentialgleichung (1)
- Stochastische Genexpression (1)
- Stochastische Gross-Pitaevskii Gleichung (1)
- Stochastische Oszillationen (1)
- Stochastische dynamische Systeme (1)
- Stochastisches Bursting (1)
- Stochastisches dynamisches System (1)
- Stokesion Dynamics (1)
- Stokessche Dynamik (1)
- Stoßwellen (1)
- Strahlenarten (1)
- Strahlenbelastung (1)
- Strahlenbiologie (1)
- Strahlenschutz (1)
- Strahlungstransportmodell (1)
- Strain hardening (1)
- Stratosphere (1)
- Stratosphere-troposphere coupling (1)
- Stratospheric polar vortex (1)
- Stratosphäre (1)
- Stratosphären-Troposphären-Kopplung (1)
- Stratosphärenchemie (1)
- Stratosphärendynamik (1)
- Stratosphärischer Polarwirbel (1)
- Stress-strain relations (1)
- Stressantwort (1)
- Streuresonanzen (1)
- Streuung von Schallwellen (1)
- Structural and energetic disorder (1)
- Structural health monitoring (1)
- Structure-performance relationship (1)
- Structure-property relationships (1)
- Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen (1)
- Strukturdynamik (1)
- Strukturelle und energetische Unordnung (1)
- Stäbchen (1)
- Städte (1)
- Stärkemetabolismus (1)
- Sub-gamma random variable (1)
- Subdiffusion (1)
- Summenfrequenzspektroskopie (1)
- Sun (1)
- Sun: Chromosphere (1)
- Sun: corona (1)
- Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) (1)
- Sun: filaments, prominences (1)
- Sun: flares (1)
- Sun: heliosphere (1)
- Sun: magnetic fields (1)
- Sun: photosphere (1)
- Supernova remnants (1)
- Supernova-Überrest (1)
- Supernovaüberreste (1)
- Surface characterization (1)
- Surface properties (1)
- Surface treatment (1)
- Surfactant (1)
- Surfactants (1)
- Surrogate Data (1)
- Surrogates (1)
- Surrogatmethode (1)
- Svalbard (1)
- Symbolische Regression (1)
- Synchronisationsanalyse (1)
- Synchrony (1)
- Synthese (1)
- System (1)
- TCOs (1)
- TD-DFT (1)
- THz Spectroscopy (1)
- THz Spektroskopie (1)
- TRMM (1)
- TSL (1)
- Tandem-Solarzelle (1)
- Tau-Protein (1)
- Tauziehen (1)
- Taylor-Couette (1)
- Techniken der optischen Spektroskopie: IR-Absorption (1)
- Teilchenphysik (1)
- Teleconnection patterns (1)
- Telekonnektionen (1)
- Telekonnexionsmuster (1)
- Teleskop (1)
- Temperaturproxy (1)
- Tensid (1)
- Tensidlösung (1)
- Tensidschaum (1)
- Tensile load (1)
- Tension (1)
- Tensor-Zerlegungen (1)
- Terrasse ... (1)
- Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (1)
- Testentwicklung (1)
- Teukolsky equations (1)
- Teukolsky-Gleichungen (1)
- Textur (1)
- Theiler surrogates (1)
- Theiler-Surrogate (1)
- Themisch-Stimulierte Lumineszenz (1)
- Theoretical ecology (1)
- Theoretische Ökologie (1)
- Thermal Radiation (1)
- Thermal conductivity (1)
- Thermal-Pulse Tomography (1)
- Thermalisierung (1)
- Thermally stimulated luminescence (1)
- Thermoakustik (1)
- Thermoclectrics (1)
- Thermodynamic efficiency (1)
- Thermoelektrizität (1)
- Thermohaline Atlantikzirkulation (1)
- Thermohaline Circulation (1)
- Thermohaline Zi (1)
- Thermohaline Zirkulation (1)
- Thermophon (1)
- Thermosphäre hoher Breiten (1)
- Thin Film (1)
- Thin film (1)
- Time Series Analysis (1)
- Time delay (1)
- Time series (1)
- Time-dependent mobility (1)
- Time-of-flight (TOF) (1)
- Titandioxid (1)
- Tomographie (1)
- Topological Crystalline Insulator (1)
- Topological Insulator (1)
- Topological matter (1)
- Topologischer Isolator (1)
- Topologischer kristalliner Isolator (1)
- Trajectory model (1)
- Trajektorien (1)
- Trajektorienmodell (1)
- Transient photocurrent (1)
- Transiente Absorption (1)
- Transition metals (1)
- Transition-metal ion (1)
- Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (1)
- Transport (1)
- Transport- und Wechselwirkungsphase (1)
- Trapping (1)
- Trypanosoma cruzi (1)
- Tunneling (1)
- Turbulenzmessung (1)
- Turbulenzparametrisierungen (1)
- Two-stream Lidar Inversion (1)
- UV (1)
- UV cross-linking (1)
- UV nanoimprint lithography (1)
- UV-VIS Spectroscopy (1)
- UV-Vis Spektroskopie (1)
- UV-Vis spectroscopy (1)
- Ultrafast (1)
- Ultraschnell (1)
- Ultraschnelle Dynamik (1)
- Ultraschnelle Röntgenbeugung (1)
- Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- Umweltsysteme (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Understanding (1)
- University physics (1)
- Unordnung (1)
- Unruh effect (1)
- Unruh-Effekt (1)
- Unschärfe (1)
- Unsicherheit (1)
- Unstetiges Galerkin-Verfahren (1)
- Unterkühlung (1)
- Unterrichtsplanung (1)
- Unterrichtsvorschläge (1)
- Upper Atmosphere Model (UAM) (1)
- Uracil (1)
- Urbanisierung (1)
- V*V884 Sco (1)
- V-OC loss (1)
- VERB (1)
- VERB code (1)
- VIRTIS (1)
- Vacuum interaction (1)
- Vacuum-level alignment (1)
- Vakuumschwankungen (1)
- Vakuumwechselwirkung (1)
- Valenzband (VB) (1)
- Valenzbandmaximum (VBM) (1)
- Van Allen Probes (1)
- Van der Waals Kräfte (1)
- Van der Waals forces (1)
- Vapour Deposition (1)
- Variabilität (1)
- Vector bundle (1)
- Vegetation (1)
- Venus Express (1)
- Verbindungspfade zwischen der Arktis und den mittleren Breiten (1)
- Verfeinerungslimes (1)
- Verhältnis der Struktur und Funktion (1)
- Vermischung (1)
- Verschränkung (1)
- Verstehen (1)
- Verständnisentwicklungsmodell (1)
- Verteilung (1)
- Verteilungen von lokalisierten Zustände (1)
- Vesikeln (1)
- Vesiklen (1)
- Vielteilchentheorie (1)
- Virus (1)
- Viscoelasticity (1)
- Vorhersagbarkeit (1)
- Vorhersage (1)
- Vorstellungen (1)
- WAAM (1)
- WAXS (1)
- WKB-expansion (1)
- Wachstum (1)
- Wartezeitverteilung (1)
- Washing fastness (1)
- Wasser-Monitoring (1)
- Wasserstoffionenkonzentration (1)
- Water Vapor (1)
- Water distribution systems (1)
- Water-assisted crystallization (1)
- Wave Propagation (1)
- Wavelet Coherence (1)
- Wavelet-Analyse (1)
- Wavelets (1)
- Wealth and income distribution (1)
- Weather regimes (1)
- Wechselwirkung (1)
- Weichröntgenbeugung (1)
- Weißlichterzeugung (1)
- Wellen-Teilchen Wechselwirkungen (1)
- Wellenausbreitung (1)
- Wellengleichung (1)
- Wellenlängenverschiebung (1)
- Weltraumklima (1)
- Weltraumphysik (1)
- Weltraumwetter (1)
- Wetterextreme (1)
- Wiederkehr (1)
- Wiederkehrdarstellung (1)
- Wiederkehrverhalten (1)
- Wigner Funktion (1)
- Wigner negativity (1)
- William Herschel Teleskop (1)
- William Herschel telescope (1)
- Windblase (1)
- Wirtschaftsnetzwerk (1)
- Wismut (1)
- Wolf-Rayet (1)
- Wärmefluss (1)
- Wärmeinsel (1)
- Wärmekapazität (1)
- Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Schnee (1)
- Wärmepuls-Tomographie (1)
- Wärmetransport (1)
- X-ray and (1)
- X-ray computed (1)
- X-ray emission spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) (1)
- X-ray refraction imaging (1)
- X-ray refraction; (1)
- X-ray scattering (1)
- X-ray synchrotron diffraction (1)
- X-rays : stars (1)
- X-rays Photoemission Spectroscopy (1)
- X-rays: individuals: Circinus X-1 (1)
- X-rays: individuals: GRS 1915+105 (1)
- X-rays: individuals: V4641 Sgr (1)
- XMCD (1)
- Yield strength (1)
- Zeitwahrnehmung (1)
- Zell Bewegung (1)
- Zell-Matrix-Wechselwirkung (1)
- Zell-substrat Adhäsion (1)
- Zellbiologie (1)
- Zellimmobilisierung (1)
- Zellorganisation (1)
- Zeolite synthesis (1)
- Zirkulardichroismus (1)
- Zirkulationsregime (1)
- Zufallsbewegung (1)
- Zufällige Stochastische Irrfahrt (1)
- Zufällige Umgebungen (1)
- Zustandsgleichung (1)
- Zustandsmodell (1)
- Zustandsraumrekonstruktion/Phasenraumrekonstruktion (1)
- Zwangsgleichungen (1)
- Zyklone (1)
- Zyklus (1)
- abrupte Übergänge (1)
- absorption (1)
- absorption lines (1)
- absorption measurements (1)
- acceleration (1)
- acceptance (1)
- accretion (1)
- accretion disks (1)
- acidic crosslinking (1)
- acoustic waveguide (1)
- acoustic waves (1)
- acoustics (1)
- actin (1)
- actin filaments (1)
- actin waves (1)
- active matter (1)
- active particles (1)
- active processes (1)
- active transport (1)
- actuation (1)
- actuators (1)
- adaptation and mitigation (1)
- addenda (1)
- additive (1)
- additive manufacturing (AM) (1)
- adhesion cluster (1)
- aerosol (1)
- aerosol: hygroscopic growth (1)
- aerosol: hygroskopisches Wachstum (1)
- aerosol: optical properties (1)
- aerosol: optische Eigenschaften (1)
- aggregation (1)
- air mass transport (1)
- air pollution (1)
- aktive Prozesse (1)
- aktiven Transport (1)
- akustische Wellen (1)
- alignment (1)
- all-optical helicity dependent switching (1)
- allgemeine Relativitätstheorie (1)
- alloy (1)
- alpha (1)
- alpha-effect (1)
- alternative electron acceptors (1)
- aluminium alloys (1)
- amoeboid motion (1)
- amphiphiles (1)
- amphiphilic side chains (1)
- amöboide Bewegung (1)
- analysis (1)
- analytical model (1)
- analyzer-based imaging (1)
- anatomical connectivity (1)
- anchored polymer (1)
- and governance (1)
- and surface diffusion (1)
- angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- anionic polymerizations (1)
- anomale Diffusion (1)
- anomalous (1)
- anomalous (or non-Fickian) diffusion (1)
- anomalous heat conduction (1)
- anthropogener Meeresspiegel (1)
- anthropogenic sea level (1)
- antibiotic resistance (1)
- antiferromagnetic (1)
- antiferromagnetism (1)
- antimicrobial peptides (1)
- antireflection (1)
- applications (1)
- approximate inertial manifolds (1)
- arktische Atmosphäre (1)
- arktische Grenzschicht (1)
- arktischer Dunst (1)
- arktisches Aerosol (1)
- arrayed waveguide grating (1)
- assembly (1)
- assembly factor (1)
- astrobiology (1)
- astrometry (1)
- astroparticle physic (1)
- astrophotonics (1)
- asymmetric Levy flights (1)
- asymptotic analysis (1)
- asynchronous design (1)
- atmosphere dynamics (1)
- atmospheric boundary layer (1)
- atmospheric dynamics (1)
- atmospheric science (1)
- atmosphärische Grenzschicht (1)
- atom chips (1)
- atom optics (1)
- atom-surface interaction (1)
- atomic force microscopy (1)
- atomic-force; nano-objects (1)
- attenuated Radon transform (1)
- attractive interaction (1)
- attraktive Wechselwirkung (1)
- authentication (1)
- authentication protocol (1)
- autocorrelation function (1)
- autocorrelations (1)
- avidin (1)
- axial next nearest neighbour Ising chains (1)
- azobenzene containing polymers (1)
- azobenzene containing surfactants (1)
- azobenzene polymer (1)
- azobenzene polymer films (1)
- azobenzene refractive index (1)
- azobenzene-containing molecules (1)
- azobenzenhaltige Polymere (1)
- azobenzolhaltige Tenside (1)
- background (1)
- ball mill (1)
- balloon telescopes (1)
- band profile (1)
- baroclinic instability (1)
- barrier escape (1)
- basis-sets (1)
- battery (1)
- battery-depletion attack (1)
- beam splitter (1)
- bedeuten freie Bahn (1)
- bidirectional intracellular transport (1)
- bidirektionaler intrazellulärer Transport (1)
- binaries (1)
- binaries: eclipsing (1)
- binary black holes (1)
- binary neutron stars (1)
- binary stars (1)
- binding interactions (1)
- binäre schwarze Löcher (1)
- bio-hybrid (1)
- bio-hybrid system (1)
- biochemical oscillators (1)
- biocompatibility (1)
- biohybrid microsystems (1)
- bioindicators (1)
- biological membranes (1)
- biologische Membranen (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomolecule (1)
- bioreceptors (1)
- biosensing (1)
- biosphere feedbacks (1)
- bismuthene (1)
- black carbon (1)
- blade (1)
- blended learning (1)
- block copolymer films (1)
- block copolymers (1)
- blue stragglers (1)
- bond (1)
- bone (1)
- boron-10 (1)
- bose gas (1)
- boundary local time (1)
- breitbandige Lichtquelle (1)
- bridges (1)
- broadband light source (1)
- brownian motion (1)
- bubbles (1)
- buckling (1)
- budding (1)
- budget study (1)
- built-in potential (1)
- bulge (1)
- bulk (1)
- bulk heterojunctions (1)
- bulk-heterojunction solar cells (1)
- cancer diagnosis (1)
- capacitance spectroscopy (1)
- carbene electron deficiency (1)
- carbenes (1)
- carbohydrate derivatives (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon fiber manufacture (1)
- cardiomyopathy (1)
- carrier density (1)
- carrier dynamic (1)
- cascade (1)
- cascade rate (1)
- cascading regime (1)
- cataclysmic variables (1)
- catalysis (1)
- catalytic azobenzene isomerization (1)
- catanionic vesicles (1)
- cavity effects (1)
- celestial mechanics (1)
- cell immobilization (1)
- cell migration (1)
- cell motility (1)
- cell movement (1)
- cell nucleus (1)
- cell organization (1)
- cell polarity (1)
- cell tracking (1)
- cell-ECM interactions (1)
- cell-cell (1)
- cell-substrate adhesion (1)
- cellular forces (1)
- cellular signalling (1)
- cepstrum (1)
- chaotic (1)
- chaotic oscillations (1)
- chaotic saddle (1)
- chaotisch (1)
- characterization (1)
- charge (1)
- charge carrier density (1)
- charge carrier dynamics (1)
- charge carrier extraction (1)
- charge carrier recombination (1)
- charge collection (1)
- charge density (1)
- charge generation yield (1)
- charge injection across hybrid interfaces (1)
- charge localisation (1)
- charge profiling (1)
- charge recombination (1)
- charge recombination yield (1)
- charge repulsion (1)
- charge shielding (1)
- charge storage and transport (1)
- charge transfers (1)
- charge transport layers (1)
- charge trap (1)
- charge-carrier transport (1)
- charge-dipole interaction (1)
- charge-transfer excitations (1)
- charge-transfer states (1)
- charged systems (1)
- chemical (1)
- chemical interface damping (1)
- chemical oxidative polymerization (1)
- chemische Gasphasenabscheidung (1)
- chemische Oberflächen-Modifikationen (1)
- chemistry-transport-model (1)
- chemomechanical coupling (1)
- chemotaxsis (1)
- chimera Zustände (1)
- chirality (1)
- chloroplast ribosome (1)
- chorus waves (1)
- chromium hexacarbonyl (1)
- chromophore orientations (1)
- chromosphere (1)
- circular dichroism (1)
- circulation (1)
- circulation regimes (1)
- circumgalactic medium (1)
- circumstellar matter (1)
- cities (1)
- classification (1)
- cleaner energy transitions (1)
- climate benefits (1)
- climate data (1)
- climate impact research (1)
- climate impact response func (1)
- climate model (1)
- climate model of intermediate complexity (1)
- climate networks (1)
- climate physics (1)
- climate projection (1)
- climate sensitivity (1)
- climatology (1)
- cluster model (1)
- co-monomer content (1)
- co-translational (1)
- co-translationale Assemblierung (1)
- coarse-grained order parameter (1)
- coated and absorbing aerosols (1)
- cobalt (1)
- code (1)
- coherence (1)
- coherence theory (1)
- coherent phonons (1)
- cohomology (1)
- coiled coil (1)
- collapse (1)
- collimation (1)
- collision dynamics (1)
- colloidal particles (1)
- colloids (1)
- color change (1)
- coloured (1)
- coloured and quantum noise (1)
- coma (1)
- comets (1)
- command surfaces (1)
- commutator subgroup (1)
- compacton (1)
- complex brain networks (1)
- complex network (1)
- complexity (1)
- compression (1)
- concentration (1)
- conceptions (1)
- condensed matter (1)
- configuration (1)
- conformation (1)
- conformational and hydrodynamic characteristics (1)
- conformational changes (1)
- conformational selection (1)
- conical intersection (1)
- conjugated polyelectrolyte (1)
- conservation laws (1)
- conservative random walks (1)
- constraint equations (1)
- construct map (1)
- contact layers (1)
- contact resistance (1)
- contaminant transport (1)
- content analysis (1)
- continuation (1)
- continuous distribution model (1)
- continuous symmetries (1)
- continuous time random (1)
- continuous time random walk (CTRW) (1)
- contraction (1)
- convolutional neural networks (1)
- cooperation (1)
- cooperative transport (1)
- coordinate measurement machine (1)
- copper iodide (1)
- copper minerals (1)
- core-excited state dynamics (1)
- correlated noise (1)
- correlation functions (1)
- correlations (1)
- cortical network (1)
- cortical networks (1)
- cosmic ray diffusion (1)
- cosmic ray propagation (1)
- cosmic-rays (1)
- cosmological simulations (1)
- cosmology: cosmic background radiation (1)
- cosmology: cosmological parameters (1)
- cosmology: distance scale (1)
- coupled (1)
- coupled initial boundary value problem (1)
- coupled oscillators (1)
- coupling (1)
- coupling function (1)
- coupling sensitivity (1)
- crack detection (1)
- craters (1)
- critical adsorption (1)
- critical collapse (1)
- critical exponent (1)
- critical fluctuations (1)
- cross layer chip (1)
- cross recurrence plot (1)
- cross-over effect (1)
- crossover anomalous diffusion dynamics (1)
- crossover dynamics (1)
- cryolithology (1)
- cryptography (1)
- crystal (1)
- crystal growth (1)
- crystallinity (1)
- cycle (1)
- cycle decomposition (1)
- cyclic voltammetry (1)
- cyclic-olefin copolymer (1)
- cyclones (1)
- damage (1)
- damage evolution (1)
- dark exciton (1)
- dark matter detectors (1)
- dark matter experiments (1)
- dark matter theory (1)
- data based NARMAX modeling (1)
- data behind figure (1)
- data cleansing (1)
- data profiling (1)
- databases (1)
- de Rham complex (1)
- decadal climate variability (1)
- decarbonization (1)
- decomposing anomalous diffusion (1)
- defect detection (1)
- defects (1)
- dekadische Klimavariabilität (1)
- delay differential equation (1)
- delay faults (1)
- delayed feedback (1)
- delayed random walks (1)
- democratic form (1)
- denial-of-service attack (1)
- density functional calculations (1)
- density functional theory (1)
- dependent velocity (1)
- deployment (1)
- depolymerization (1)
- dermis (1)
- design concepts (1)
- design for Testability (1)
- detector (1)
- detectors (1)
- development of test instrument (1)
- diamagnetic currents (1)
- dicytostelium (1)
- dielectric (1)
- dielectric barrier discharges (1)
- dielectric elastomers (1)
- dielectric function (1)
- dielectric hysteresis (1)
- dielectric non-linearities (1)
- dielectric spectroskopie (1)
- dielectrophoresis (1)
- dielektrische Elastomere (1)
- differential rotation (1)
- differential scanning calorimetry (1)
- diffraction elastic constants (1)
- diffraction enhanced imaging (1)
- diffraction-elastic constants (1)
- diffraktionselastische Konstanten (1)
- diffuse radiation (1)
- diffusion coefficients (1)
- diffusion exponent (1)
- diffusion-controlled reactions (1)
- diffusion-influenced (1)
- diffusion-wave equation (1)
- dilute aqueous-solutions (1)
- dimensional reduction (1)
- diode-laser-arrays (1)
- diode-lasers (1)
- direct and indirect climate observations (1)
- direction of optomechanical stress (1)
- direkte und indirekte Klimaobservablen (1)
- disc (1)
- discontinuous Galerkin method (1)
- discontinuous Galerkin methods (1)
- discrete beam cominer (1)
- diskreter Strahlkombinierer (1)
- dislocations (1)
- disordered systems (1)
- dispatchable renewable electricity (1)
- dispersion force (1)
- dispersion relations (1)
- dissertation (1)
- dissociative electron attachment (1)
- dissoziative Elektronen Anlagerung (1)
- distribution (1)
- distributions of localised states (1)
- doctor-blade coating (1)
- domain purity (1)
- domain wall motion (1)
- domains (1)
- domino effect (1)
- donor-acceptor interfaces (1)
- doping (1)
- dosis measurement (1)
- doubly transient chaos (1)
- driven (1)
- driving force (1)
- driving mechanism (1)
- drug tolerance (1)
- drug-delivery (1)
- dunkle Materie (1)
- dunkles Exziton (1)
- dyna (1)
- dynamic and static quenching (1)
- dynamic forc (1)
- dynamic force spectroscopy (1)
- dynamic light scattering (1)
- dynamic loading (1)
- dynamic of the atmosphere (1)
- dynamic vibration absorber (1)
- dynamical cluster (1)
- dynamical patterns (1)
- dynamische Klimatologie (1)
- dynamische Kraftspektroskopie (1)
- dynamische Muster (1)
- dynamische Systeme (1)
- dynamische und statische Löschung (1)
- dynamo effect (1)
- dysprosium (1)
- dünne Filme (1)
- dünne organische Schichten (1)
- dünne, flexible und formbare Schichten (1)
- early warning indicators (1)
- earth system modeling (1)
- earthquake prediction (1)
- echo state network (1)
- ecological (1)
- ecology (1)
- ecology and biodiversity (1)
- econophysics (1)
- ecosystems (1)
- edit distance (1)
- efficient scattering (1)
- effiziente Streuung (1)
- eingefrorene Energielandschaft (1)
- ejecta (1)
- elastic coupling (1)
- elastic substrates (1)
- elasticity (1)
- elasticity theory (1)
- elastische Kopplung (1)
- elastische Substrate (1)
- elastomers (1)
- electret polymers (1)
- electric and magnetic fields (1)
- electric double layer (1)
- electrical breakdown (1)
- electrical chemotaxis assay (1)
- electrical insulation (1)
- electrical polarization hysteresis (1)
- electro-acoustic electric-charge and polarization profiling (1)
- electro-electrets (1)
- electro-fused zirconia (1)
- electro-modulation microscopy (1)
- electro-optical (1)
- electroacoustic probing (1)
- electroanalysis (1)
- electrochemistry (1)
- electrolytes (1)
- electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves (1)
- electromechanical response (1)
- electromechanical transducers (sensors and actuators) (1)
- electron backscatter diffraction (1)
- electron flux (1)
- electron flux forecasts (1)
- electron lifetimes (1)
- electron localization (1)
- electron microscopy (1)
- electron spectroscopy (1)
- electronic properties (1)
- electronic-structure (1)
- electrostatic (1)
- electrostatic energy density (1)
- electrostatic interaction (1)
- electrostatics (1)
- elektrische Doppelschicht (1)
- elektrische Isolierung (1)
- elektrische Raumladung (1)
- elektrische und magnetische Felder (1)
- elektrischer Chemotaxis Assy (1)
- elektro-optisch (1)
- elektroakustische Abtastung elektrischer Ladungen und Dipolpolarisationen (1)
- elektromechanische Reaktion (1)
- elektromechanische Wandler (Sensoren und Aktoren) (1)
- elektronische Eigenschaften (1)
- elektrostatische Energiedichte (1)
- elemental sulphur (1)
- elementarer Schwefel (1)
- elementary particles (1)
- elevated-temperature effects on the operation of dielectric-elastomer (1)
- elliptic partial differential equations (1)
- elliptic systems (1)
- elliptische partielle Differentialgleichungen (1)
- elliptisches Gleichungssystem (1)
- elongation (1)
- embedding (1)
- emic waves (1)
- emission factor (1)
- emissions (1)
- empirical prediction (1)
- empirische Modellierung (1)
- enacted PCK (1)
- endliche Ensembles (1)
- energetic disorders (1)
- energetic offset (1)
- energetic particle (1)
- energetische Unordnung (1)
- energy balance model (1)
- energy decarbonization (1)
- energy estimate (1)
- energy gradients (1)
- energy levels (1)
- energy spreading (1)
- energy system modeling (1)
- energy-level alignments (1)
- energy-system (1)
- ensemble methods (1)
- ensemble simulation (1)
- ensemble simulations (1)
- entrance test (1)
- environmental systems (1)
- enzymatic activity (1)
- enzymatische Reaktionen (1)
- epidemics (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epitaktisch (1)
- epitaxial (1)
- equation (1)
- equation of state (1)
- equation of state; (1)
- equatorial ionization anomaly (1)
- equatorial ionosphere (1)
- equatorial plasma bubbles (1)
- ergodicity (1)
- errata (1)
- ether methacrylates (1)
- evolutions (1)
- excited state proton transfer (1)
- excited-state chemical shift (1)
- excited-state proton-transfer (1)
- exciton dissociation (1)
- exciton dynamics (1)
- exciton plasmon coupling (1)
- exclusion process (1)
- exclusion processes (1)
- expectation maximisation algorithm (1)
- experimental competencies (1)
- experimental model (1)
- experiments (1)
- external cavities (1)
- external generation efficiency (1)
- external quantum efficiency (1)
- externe Resonatoren (1)
- extra-cellul (1)
- extracellular matrix (ECM) (1)
- extraction (1)
- extragalactic stellar astronomy (1)
- extragalaktische Stellarastronomie (1)
- extrasolar planets (1)
- extrazelluläre Matr (1)
- extrazelluläre Matrix (1)
- extreme precipitation (1)
- extreme statistics (1)
- extrusion (1)
- eye movements (1)
- far infrared (1)
- favela (1)
- feldlinengerichtete Ströme (1)
- femtosecond laser spectroscopy (1)
- ferro- and piezoelectrets (1)
- ferroelectric and paraelectric phases (1)
- ferroelectric polarization (1)
- ferroelectric semiconductors (1)
- ferroelectricity (1)
- ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity in polymers (1)
- ferroelektrische Polarisation (1)
- ferroelektrische Polymere (1)
- ferromagnetism (1)
- fest-flüssig Grenzfläche (1)
- fiber-electrophoresis chip (1)
- field (1)
- field aligned currents (1)
- field experience (1)
- field-effect transistor (1)
- figure of merit (1)
- filament bundles (1)
- fill factor (1)
- film sensor (1)
- finite differences (1)
- finite element method (1)
- finite size (1)
- firn (1)
- first-arrival density (1)
- first-passage times (1)
- fixational eye movements (1)
- fixierte Augenbewegungen (1)
- flagellar filaments (1)
- flashover (1)
- flexible (1)
- floods (1)
- flow network (1)
- flow photolysis (1)
- fluctuation dissipation theorem (1)
- flue organ pipe (1)
- fluorination (1)
- fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) copolymer (1)
- flussunterbrechende Analyse (1)
- flux (1)
- foam (1)
- foams (1)
- focal adhesion (1)
- folding dynamics (1)
- force dipole (1)
- force dipoles (1)
- force methods (1)
- forced symmetry breaking (1)
- forcing from below (1)
- forecast (1)
- formal specification (1)
- formal verification (1)
- formation (1)
- fourier transformation (1)
- fractal (1)
- fractal dimension (1)
- fractional Gaussian noise (1)
- fractional diffusion (1)
- fractional dynamic equations (1)
- fraktionale Brown'schen Bewegung (1)
- fraktionales Gauß'sches Rauschen (1)
- free charge generation (1)
- free charge recombination (1)
- free electron laser (1)
- free shear layers (1)
- freie Ladungsträger Rekombination (1)
- frequency conversion (1)
- frequency stabilisation (1)
- friction (1)
- fullerenes (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional materials (1)
- functionalization (1)
- fundamental parameters (1)
- fundamentale Parameter (1)
- fungus (1)
- gadolinium (1)
- galactic centre (1)
- galactic magnetic fields (1)
- galactic population (1)
- galaktische Magnetfelder (1)
- galaktische Population (1)
- galaktisches Zentrum (1)
- galaxies: clusters: general (1)
- galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD (1)
- galaxies: individual (1)
- galaxies: individual: NGC 4038, NGC 4039 (1)
- galaxies: individual: Small Magellanic Cloud (1)
- galaxies: star clusters (1)
- galaxy evolution (1)
- galaxy: general (1)
- gamma astronomy (1)
- gamma ray detectors (1)
- gamma rays (1)
- gamma rays: (1)
- gamma rays: diffuse (1)
- gamma rays: diffuse background (1)
- gamma-ray (1)
- gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 150323A) (1)
- gamma-ray bursts: general (1)
- gamma-rays (1)
- gas chromatography (1)
- gekoppelt (1)
- gene expression (1)
- gene regulation (1)
- general circulation (1)
- generalized diffusion equation (1)
- generalized eigenfunction (1)
- generalized eigenfunctions (1)
- generational comparison (1)
- genetic networks (1)
- genetic programming (1)
- genetics (1)
- geodynamo (1)
- geomagnetic activity (1)
- geomagnetic storms (1)
- geometrical deformations (1)
- geostationary orbit (1)
- gequetschte Zustände (1)
- gestufte Oberfläche (1)
- giant vesicle (1)
- glassy systems (1)
- global description (1)
- globale Kupplung (1)
- globular clusters: individual: NGC 2808 (1)
- globular clusters: individual: NGC 3201 (1)
- glycolipids (1)
- gold cluster (1)
- gold nanoflowers (1)
- gold substrate (1)
- granite (1)
- granulare Kette (1)
- grating (1)
- gravitation (1)
- gravitational lensing: strong (1)
- gravitational-wave astronomy (1)
- green solvents (1)
- greenhouse gas (1)
- ground based gamma ray astronomy (1)
- ground state (1)
- ground-motion variability (1)
- group-subgroup relations (1)
- group-subgroup relationships (1)
- growth (1)
- großräumige Struktur des Universums (1)
- großräumige Strukturen (1)
- guardrail approach (1)
- guided self assembly (1)
- habitability (1)
- halide perovskites (1)
- halogen bonding (1)
- harmonic traps (1)
- healing (1)
- heart failure (1)
- heat capacity (1)
- heat flux (1)
- heat island (1)
- heat transfer (1)
- heat transport (1)
- heatwaves (1)
- helicity (1)
- helium-3 alternative (1)
- heterogeneous diffusion (1)
- heterogeneous diffusion process (1)
- heterogeneous ensemble of Brownian particles (1)
- heterogeneous media (1)
- heterostructures (1)
- hierarchical model (1)
- hierarchisches Model (1)
- high energy physics (1)
- high harmonic (1)
- high harmonic generation (1)
- high impact polystyrene (1)
- high permittivity (1)
- high pressure (1)
- high resolution (1)
- high resolution x-ray diffraction (1)
- high vacuum (1)
- high-frequency force (1)
- high-latitudinal thermosphere (1)
- high-order phase coupling (1)
- high-performance computing (1)
- high-school education (1)
- higher-order effects (1)
- history and philosophy of astronomy (1)
- hochauflösende Röntgenstreuung (1)
- hohe Auflösung (1)
- hohe Permittivität (1)
- hoher Rotverschiebung (1)
- hole (1)
- hole extraction (1)
- hole selective materials (1)
- hopping dynamics (1)
- human behaviour (1)
- human dynamics (1)
- humidity (1)
- humidity sensor (1)
- hybrid manufacturing (1)
- hybrid material (1)
- hybrid metal oxides (1)
- hybrid multi-junction solar cell (1)
- hybrid nanoparticles (1)
- hybrid synthesis (1)
- hybrid thin solar cells (1)
- hybride Mehrschichtsolarzellen (1)
- hybride Solarzellen (1)
- hydration layer (1)
- hydrochemistry (1)
- hydrodynamic flow (1)
- hydrodynamic model (1)
- hydrodynamical model (1)
- hydrogen bonds (1)
- hydrology (1)
- hydrolysis (1)
- hyperbolic attractor (1)
- hypersound propagation (1)
- ice core (1)
- ice harboring (1)
- ice sheet modelling (1)
- ice-flow modeling (1)
- iceberg calving (1)
- identification (1)
- image analysis (1)
- image data analysis (1)
- image registration (1)
- imaging (1)
- impedance spectroscopy (1)
- implantable medical device (1)
- implants (1)
- importance sampling (1)
- imprinted electrodes (1)
- impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (1)
- impulsive stimulierte Raman Streuung (1)
- in situ (1)
- in situ monitoring (1)
- in-situ atomic force microscopy (1)
- incoherent light (1)
- incoherent radiation (1)
- individual (1)
- individual molecules spectroscopy (1)
- individual: CU Vir (1)
- induced fit (1)
- induzierte Passform (1)
- influence of weak magnetic fields on living systems (1)
- information (1)
- information theory (1)
- infrared (1)
- infrared: galaxies (1)
- infrared: general (1)
- infrared: planetary systems (1)
- infrared: stars (1)
- inquiry based learning (1)
- instability control (1)
- instructional (1)
- instructional explanation (1)
- instrumentation: adaptive optics (1)
- integral equation (1)
- integrated assessment (1)
- integrated optics (1)
- integration (1)
- integrierte Optik (1)
- integrierter Spektrograph (1)
- interaction (1)
- interactions (1)
- interfacial recombination (1)
- intermittency (1)
- intermolecular force (1)
- intermolecular interaction (1)
- intermolekülare Wechselwirkung (1)
- internal variability (1)
- international migration (1)
- international migration modeling (1)
- internationale Migration (1)
- interstellar matter (1)
- interstellar medium (1)
- interstellare Materie (1)
- intersystem crossing (1)
- intracellular transport (1)
- intrazellulärer Transport (1)
- inverse analysis (1)
- inverse scattering (1)
- ion beam (1)
- ion channels (1)
- ion mobility spectrometry (1)
- ion optics (1)
- ionic crosslinking (1)
- ionischer Self-Assembly (1)
- ions (1)
- iron cyanides (1)
- iron pentacarbonyl (1)
- iron(II) (1)
- irreversible volume-change (1)
- irreversible work share (1)
- isotope variations (1)
- isotropic fast mode turbulence (1)
- iterative Methoden zur Lösung linearer Systeme (1)
- iterative Rekonstruktion (1)
- iterative methods for sparse linear systems (1)
- iterative regularization (1)
- jet stream (1)
- jets (1)
- jump detection (1)
- katalytische Isomerisation von Azobenzolen (1)
- kernel-based Bayesian inference (1)
- kernel-basierte Bayes'sche Inferenz (1)
- kind of radiation (1)
- kinetic (1)
- kinetic of cis-trans isomerization (1)
- kinetic-theory (1)
- kognitive Prozesse (1)
- kohärente Phononen (1)
- kollimation (1)
- komplex (1)
- komplexe Hirnnetzwerke (1)
- komplexes Netzwerk (1)
- kompression (1)
- kondensierte Materie (1)
- konfokales Laser-Scanning-Mikroskop (1)
- konische Kreuzung (1)
- kooperativer Transport (1)
- kortikale Netzwerke (1)
- kosmologische Computersimulationen (1)
- kritische Fluktuationen (1)
- kritischer Exponent (1)
- kritischer Kollaps (1)
- kryptografie (1)
- l-edge xas (1)
- laboratory x-ray diffraction (1)
- lacunae (1)
- lacuno-canalicular network (1)
- lakuno-kanaliculäres Netzwerk (1)
- land conversion (1)
- land use (1)
- langreichweitig (1)
- langreichweitige Korrelationen (1)
- langsam rotierende Kerr-Raumzeiten (1)
- language processing (1)
- large area devices (1)
- large deviation function (1)
- large-scale structure (1)
- large-scale structure formation (1)
- large-scale structure of Universe (1)
- laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) (1)
- laser remote sensing (1)
- laser-based additive manufacturing (1)
- late-type (1)
- lattice distortion (1)
- lattice gas (1)
- lattice models (1)
- layer-by-layer deposition (1)
- lead (1)
- lead halide perovskite films (1)
- lead halide perovskites (LHP) (1)
- leakage scheme (1)
- learning environment (1)
- leitfähige Polymere (1)
- lesson planning (1)
- levelized cost (1)
- licht-getrieben (1)
- lidar (1)
- ligand (1)
- light emission (1)
- light management (1)
- light modulator (1)
- light photocontrol (1)
- light responsive DNA (1)
- light responsive microgels (1)
- light responsive polymer brushes (1)
- light-driven (1)
- light-induced deformation (1)
- line search (1)
- linear stability analysis (1)
- lipid membranes (1)
- lipid-anchored saccharide (1)
- lipid-verankerte Saccharide (1)
- lipids (1)
- local density approximation (1)
- local equilibrium (1)
- local group (1)
- locality (1)
- localization (1)
- localization microscopy (1)
- lokale Dichte-Näherung (1)
- lokalen Gruppe (1)
- long range (1)
- long-chain alkane (1)
- long-memory (1)
- long-range dependence (1)
- longitudinal study (1)
- loop closure (1)
- loop quantum gravity (1)
- loss mechanisms (1)
- low (1)
- low donor content (1)
- low-density polyethylene (1)
- low-dimensional models (1)
- low-frequency force (1)
- lunar exploration (1)
- macro-economic modelling (1)
- macroeconomic impacts (1)
- magnesium oxide (1)
- magnetic and phononic system (1)
- magnetic beads (1)
- magnetic field generation (1)
- magnetic field satellites (1)
- magnetic microstructures (1)
- magnetic nanoparticles (1)
- magnetic noise (1)
- magnetic pressure (1)
- magnetic stray field (1)
- magnetisation (1)
- magnetische resonante Beugung (1)
- magnetischem Röntgendichroismus (XMCD) (1)
- magnetischer Näherungseffekt (1)
- magnetischer Zirkulardichroismus (1)
- magnetisches Rauschen (1)
- magnetisches und phononisches System (1)
- magnetizationdynamic (1)
- magneto-optics (1)
- magnetoconvection (1)
- magnetoelasticity (1)
- magnetohydrodynamic (1)
- magnetometer calibration (1)
- magnetosome chains (1)
- magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling (1)
- magnetotactic bacteria (1)
- magnetotaktische Bakterien (1)
- major mergers (1)
- makroökonomische Folgen (1)
- manifold detection (1)
- manipulation (1)
- manufacturing (AM) (1)
- markov processes (1)
- maschinelles Lernen (1)
- mass (1)
- mass extinctions (1)
- massereiche Sterne (1)
- massive stars (1)
- master (1)
- master equation (1)
- master equations (1)
- mathematics education (1)
- matrix composites (1)
- maximum entropy analysis (1)
- mean first passage times (1)
- mean free path (1)
- mean residence time (1)
- mean-field model (1)
- mean-field theory (1)
- meanfield (1)
- mechanical behavior (1)
- mechanical properties (1)
- mechanisches Verhalten (1)
- mechanisms (1)
- mechanosensor (1)
- mechanotransduction (1)
- melt-quench-anneal (1)
- membrane adhesion (1)
- membrane adhesion forces (1)
- membrane curvature (1)
- membrane tube (1)
- memory applications (1)
- memory kernel (1)
- menschliche Dynamik (1)
- mesoporous (1)
- mesoporous silicon (1)
- mesoporös (1)
- metal (1)
- metal carbonyls (1)
- metal matrix composite (1)
- metal nanoparticles (1)
- metal optics (1)
- metal/polymer interfaces (1)
- methane localization (1)
- methods (1)
- methods: Data analysis (1)
- methods: MHD (1)
- methods: Observational (1)
- methods: statistical (1)
- mhd turbulence (1)
- micelles (1)
- micro computed tomography (XCT) (1)
- micro swimmer (1)
- micro- and nanotechnologies (1)
- microchannel (1)
- microcracking (1)
- microfluidic paper analytic device (mu PAD) (1)
- microgel (1)
- micrometeorology (1)
- micropipetten (1)
- microsaccades (1)
- microstructure-property relations (1)
- microstructured fiber (1)
- microstructured surface (1)
- microstrukturierte Oberfläche (1)
- microswimmers (1)
- microtransport and -assembly (1)
- mid-temperature transition (1)
- mid-temperature transition(s) (1)
- mikrostrukturierte Faser (1)
- mineralization (1)
- miscellaneous (1)
- mixed domains (1)
- mixed-effect analysis (1)
- mixed-phase clouds (1)
- mixing parameterization (1)
- mobile ions (1)
- mobile-immobile model (1)
- mobile-immobile model (MIM) (1)
- mode stability (1)
- mode-locking (1)
- model coupling (1)
- model validation (1)
- modelling (1)
- modellinterne Variabilitaet (1)
- modified dispersion relations (1)
- modified electrode (1)
- modified gravitational dynamics (1)
- modular logic programs (1)
- mold (1)
- molecular brushes (1)
- molecular conformation (1)
- molecular crowding (1)
- molecular crystals (1)
- molecular doping (1)
- molecular force sensors (1)
- molecular hydrodynamics and (1)
- molecular motor (1)
- molecular overcrowding (1)
- molecular proton dynamics (1)
- molecular weight (1)
- molecular-structure (1)
- molecules (1)
- molekulare Kraftsensoren (1)
- molekulares Dotieren (1)
- mollifier method (1)
- monitoring (1)
- monolayer (1)
- monsoon (1)
- morphogenesis (1)
- motility assay (1)
- motion (1)
- motion registration (1)
- motivation (1)
- motor cycle (1)
- motor velocity (1)
- movement data (1)
- multi protein complex formation (1)
- multi-change point detection (1)
- multi-messenger astrophysics (1)
- multi-scale (1)
- multi-spectrum regularization (1)
- multichannel (1)
- multicomponent system (1)
- multidimensional fractional diffusion equation (1)
- multiferroic heterostructure (1)
- multiferroischen Heterostruktur (1)
- multilayered coated and absorbing aerosol (1)
- multiple (1)
- multivariate analysis (1)
- multiwavelength lidar (1)
- music instruments (1)
- musical acoustics (1)
- musikalische Akustik (1)
- myosin II (1)
- n-isopropylacrylamide (1)
- nano-electrodes (1)
- nanocomposite (1)
- nanocomposites (1)
- nanofiber (1)
- nanomaterials (1)
- nanoparticle (1)
- nanoscale energy transports (1)
- nanoscale modeling (1)
- natriuretic peptide system (1)
- natural resources (biological and non-biological) (1)
- near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- nebulae: general (1)
- nematic LC (1)
- nematic liquid crystals (1)
- network dynamics (1)
- network inference (1)
- network reconstruction (1)
- network theory (1)
- neural (1)
- neuronal connectivity (1)
- neuronale Netze (1)
- neutron powder diffraction (1)
- neutron resonance spin-echo spectroscopy (1)
- neutron spin-echo (1)
- neutrons (1)
- neutrophils (1)
- new recursive algorithm (1)
- next generation Cherenkov telescopes (1)
- nichlineare Phononik (1)
- nicht geminale Rekombination (1)
- nicht klassische Zustände (1)
- nicht-Markovsche Dynamik (1)
- nicht-thermische Emission (1)
- nicht-thermische Strahlung (1)
- nichtgenestete Modellselektion (1)
- nichtgleichgewichts Dynamik (1)
- nichtlinear (1)
- nichtlineare Oszillationen (1)
- nichtlineare Wellenmischung (1)
- nichtlineare Zeitreihenanalyse (1)
- nichtstrahlende Verluste (1)
- nitrogen (1)
- noise-induced excitability (1)
- noise-induced oscillation suppression (1)
- non geminate recombination (1)
- non-Gaussian (1)
- non-Gaussian distribution (1)
- non-Gaussian probability (1)
- non-Langevin reduction factors (1)
- non-Markovian dynamics (1)
- non-classicality (1)
- non-contact heat transfer (1)
- non-equilibrium dynamics (1)
- non-equilibrium steady state (1)
- non-exponential relaxation (1)
- non-exponential statistics (1)
- non-extensive statistics (1)
- non-gaussianity (1)
- non-integer dimension (1)
- non-linear microscopy (1)
- non-linear optics (1)
- non-linear oscillators (1)
- non-nested model selection (1)
- non-radiative recombination (1)
- non-repudiation (1)
- non-thermal emission (1)
- non-thermal radiation (1)
- non-volatile memory (1)
- nonequilibrium physics (1)
- nonequilibrium stationary state (1)
- nonlinear Dynamics (1)
- nonlinear acoustics (1)
- nonlinear data analysis (1)
- nonlinear dynamical systems (1)
- nonlinear excited fluorescence (1)
- nonlinear frequency conversion (1)
- nonlinear invers problem (1)
- nonlinear lattice (1)
- nonlinear optics (1)
- nonlinear optimization (1)
- nonlinear systems (1)
- nonlocal coupled oscillators (1)
- nonlocally coupled phase oscillators (1)
- nonradiative losses (1)
- nonstationary diffusivity (1)
- novae (1)
- nucleation (1)
- nucleation and growth (1)
- nucleobase (1)
- nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) (1)
- nudging (1)
- numeric device simulations (1)
- numerical simulation (1)
- numerische Bauteilsimulationen (1)
- numerische Relativität (1)
- numerische Relativitätstheorie (1)
- numerische Relativiät (1)
- numerischen Relativitätstheorie (1)
- o (1)
- observables (1)
- observatory (1)
- ocean model (1)
- off-specular scattering (1)
- offenes Quantensystem (1)
- oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (1)
- on-farm evaluation (1)
- on-sky tests (1)
- one-dimensional Bose gas (1)
- onshore wind (1)
- opacity (1)
- open circuit voltage (1)
- open quantum system (1)
- open quantum systems (1)
- open-circuit voltage (1)
- optical near-field (1)
- optical pump - X-ray probe spectroscopy (1)
- optical simulations (1)
- optical tomography (1)
- optically induced dynamics (1)
- optically thin clouds (1)
- optics (1)
- option pricing (1)
- optisch dünne Wolken (1)
- optisch induzierte Dynamik (1)
- optische Anregung (1)
- optische Spektroskopie (1)
- opto-mechanical stresses (1)
- optoelectronic measurements (1)
- optoelektronische Messungen (1)
- optoplasmonic (1)
- organ pipe (1)
- organ pipes (1)
- organic (1)
- organic crystal (1)
- organic electronic (1)
- organic electronics (1)
- organic field-effect transistors (1)
- organic interfaces (1)
- organic semiconductors (1)
- organic semiconductors; (1)
- organic-inorganic hybrids (1)
- organisch-anorganische Hybride (1)
- organische Bodensubstanz (1)
- organische Kristalle (1)
- organische Solarzelle (1)
- organischer Halbleiter (1)
- organohalide lead perovskites (1)
- orientation approaches (1)
- oscillation (1)
- overdamped brownian systems (1)
- overheating (1)
- oxidation state (1)
- oxygen plasma (1)
- ozone loss (1)
- p-type (1)
- paleoclimatology (1)
- parallel immobilization of biomolecules (1)
- parallele Immobilisierung von Biomolekülen (1)
- parameter (1)
- parametrically excited oscillator (1)
- parametrisch erregter Oszillator (1)
- part I (1)
- particle morphology (1)
- particle physics (1)
- particle transport (1)
- particle-in-cell simulations (1)
- passivation (1)
- pattern formation (1)
- patterning glass microfiber (1)
- patterns (1)
- pedagogical content knowledge (1)
- peptides (1)
- percolation (1)
- percolation threshold (1)
- performance assessment (1)
- period doubling (1)
- periodically poled material (1)
- perovskite oxides (1)
- perovskite semiconductors (1)
- perovskite solar cell (1)
- perovskites (1)
- persistence (1)
- persistence length (1)
- perturbation approach (1)
- ph-responsive microgels (1)
- phase approximation (1)
- phase behavior (1)
- phase coupling (1)
- phase demodulation (1)
- phase diffusion (1)
- phase dynamics (1)
- phase equations (1)
- phase field model (1)
- phase lag (1)
- phase oscillator (1)
- phase response curve (1)
- phase rule (1)
- phase separation (1)
- phase space reconstruction (1)
- phase spectrum (1)
- phase-amplitude mixing (1)
- phase-transition boundary (1)
- phase-transitions (1)
- phenotypic heterogeneity (1)
- philosophy of science (1)
- phonon backfolding (1)
- phonon damping (1)
- phonon dynamics (1)
- phonon modes (1)
- phonon polariton (1)
- phonons (1)
- phospholipid membranes (1)
- photo electron spectroscopy (1)
- photo physics (1)
- photo-chemical pathways (1)
- photo-emission electron microscopy (PEEM) (1)
- photo-isomerization (1)
- photo-stimulated discharge (1)
- photoacoustic effect (1)
- photoakustischer Effekt (1)
- photodissociation (1)
- photodissociation region (PDR) (1)
- photoelectron microscopy (1)
- photoexcitation (1)
- photoexcited hole transfer (1)
- photogeneration (1)
- photoinduced dynamics (1)
- photoisomerization (1)
- photoluminescence quenching (1)
- photon statistics (1)
- photonic crystal (1)
- photonic crystal fibers (1)
- photoresponsive surfactants (1)
- photosensitive polymers (1)
- photosensitive soft objects (1)
- photovoltaic (1)
- photovoltaic devices (1)
- physical hydrogels (1)
- physics of musical instruments (1)
- picosecond acoustics (1)
- piezo-, pyro- and ferroelectricity (1)
- piezo-optical (1)
- piezo-optisch (1)
- piezoelectret (1)
- piezoelectrets (1)
- piezoelektrische Sensoren (1)
- pitch angle (1)
- pitch angle scattering (1)
- planar lightwave circuit (1)
- planare Lichtwellenleiter (1)
- planet (1)
- planetary (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual: SwSt1 (1)
- planetary rings (1)
- planetary wave propagation (1)
- planets and satellites: atmospheres (1)
- planets and satellites: composition (1)
- planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability (1)
- planets and satellites: gaseous planets (1)
- planets and satellites: individual (Saturn) (1)
- planning constraints (1)
- plant science (1)
- plasma flows (1)
- plasma pressure (1)
- plasmaspheric hiss (1)
- plasmaspheric plume (1)
- plasmon nano-particles (1)
- plasmonic catalysis (1)
- plasmonic chemistry (1)
- plasmonische Katalyse (1)
- plasmonische Nanopartikeln (1)
- point defect (1)
- polar (1)
- polar motion (1)
- polar research (1)
- polar vortex (1)
- polarization (1)
- policies (1)
- politics (1)
- poly(gamma-benzyl L-glutamate) (1)
- poly(vinylidene fluoride) (1)
- poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) (1)
- poly-DADMAC (1)
- polydispersity (1)
- polyelectrolyte (1)
- polyelectrolyte brushes (1)
- polyelectrolyte multilayer (1)
- polyethylene nanocomposites (1)
- polyethylene terephthalate (1)
- polymer crystal orientation (1)
- polymer electrets (1)
- polymer ferroelectrets (1)
- polymer film (1)
- polymer foam (1)
- polymer physics (1)
- polymer-electret (1)
- polymer-foam films (1)
- polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction (1)
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (1)
- polypyrrole (1)
- polystyrene nano-spheres (1)
- polysulfobetaine (1)
- polysulfobetaines (1)
- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (1)
- polythiohene (1)
- polyurethanes (1)
- polyzwitterions (1)
- population (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- populations (1)
- pore orientation (1)
- porosity analysis (1)
- porphyrin (1)
- positioning (1)
- positive solutions (1)
- post-Newton (1)
- post-depositional (1)
- post-translational (1)
- post-translationale Assemblierung (1)
- potential ene rgy surface (1)
- powder particle analysis (1)
- power conversion efficiency (1)
- power-system (1)
- practicum (1)
- precipitation (1)
- preconceptions (1)
- precursor (1)
- predictive modeling (1)
- preferred orientation (1)
- preparedness (1)
- pressure gradient (1)
- pressure-volume change (1)
- prestabilization (1)
- primordial black holes (1)
- printed electroacoustic thin-film transducers (1)
- printing (1)
- probabilistic inference (1)
- probe (1)
- process (1)
- process inference (1)
- process monitoring (1)
- propellers (1)
- proteasome (1)
- protein interactions (1)
- protein kinetics (1)
- protein translocation (1)
- protein-protein interaction (1)
- protocols (1)
- proxy uncertainty (1)
- proxy understanding (1)
- pseudomonas putida (1)
- pulsars: individual: PSR B0656+14 (1)
- pulsars: individual: PSR B0833-45 (1)
- pulsars: individual: SXP 1062 (1)
- pulse compression (1)
- pulse front matching (1)
- pump-probe (1)
- pump-probe experiment (1)
- pupil remappers (1)
- purification (1)
- quality (1)
- quanteninformation (1)
- quantenkanal (1)
- quantenkodierung (1)
- quantifizierende Rekurrenzanalyse (1)
- quantitative Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- quantization of field theories (1)
- quantum (1)
- quantum channel (1)
- quantum computer (1)
- quantum correlations (1)
- quantum degenerate BEC FDS ultacold atoms (1)
- quantum electrodynamics (QED) (1)
- quantum fluctuations (1)
- quantum information (1)
- quantum many-body theory (1)
- quantum wire (1)
- quartz crystal microbalance (1)
- quasar: absorption line (1)
- quasars: (1)
- quasars: emission lines (1)
- quasars: individual: 3C 279 (1)
- quasars: individual: LBQS 0302-0018 (1)
- quasi-condensate (1)
- quasi-geostrophic model (1)
- quasi-geostropisches Modell (1)
- quasi-particle interaction (1)
- quasi-particles (1)
- quasiparticle interactions (1)
- quasiperiodic dynamical systems (1)
- quasiperiodisches dynamisches System (1)
- quenched energy landscape (1)
- quenching (1)
- radiation belt (1)
- radiation belt electrons (1)
- radiation belt forecasts (1)
- radiation load (1)
- radiation pressure (1)
- radio continuum: stars (1)
- radiobiology (1)
- radiography (1)
- rainy-season (1)
- raman (1)
- random forest (1)
- random search processes (1)
- random walks (1)
- rare events (1)
- ratchets (1)
- rate equation (1)
- raumartige Unendliche (1)
- reaction-diffusion models (1)
- reactions (1)
- reactive annealing (1)
- readout electronics (1)
- reaktives Anlassen (1)
- receptor (1)
- recombination losses (1)
- recombination order (1)
- recrystallization (1)
- recurrence network (1)
- recurrences (1)
- refined consensus model (1)
- refined spacetime geometries (1)
- reflected Brownian motion (1)
- reflection (1)
- regge calculus (1)
- regime shifts (1)
- regional (1)
- regional climate model (1)
- regional climate modelling (1)
- regional climate simulations (1)
- regional equity (1)
- regional modeling (1)
- regionale Klimamodellierung (1)
- regionale Klimasimulationen (1)
- regionales Klimamodell (1)
- regionales Modell (1)
- regression (1)
- regularization (1)
- rein optisches helizitätsabhängiges Schalten (AO-HDS) (1)
- relationships (1)
- relative total electron content (1)
- relativistic electron precipitation (1)
- relativistic hydrodynamics (1)
- relativistische Hydrodynamik (1)
- remagnetization (1)
- remote monitoring (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- renormalization and refinement limit (1)
- research priorities (1)
- resetting (1)
- residual stress analysis (1)
- resolution matrix (1)
- resonance fluorescence (1)
- resonant X-ray scattering (1)
- resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (1)
- resonant inelastic X-ray scattering; (1)
- resonant soft x-ray diffraction (1)
- resonante inelastische Röntgenstreuung (1)
- resonante weiche Röntgenbeugung (1)
- resource assessments (1)
- responsive polymer (1)
- retrieval (1)
- return level estimation (1)
- reversal (1)
- reversible binding (1)
- reversible work share (1)
- reversible-share-theorem (1)
- ribosome assembly (1)
- right limits (1)
- ring (1)
- ring current model (1)
- river floods (1)
- robotic (1)
- rock (1)
- rods (1)
- rollende Adhäsion (1)
- rotation curves of galaxies (1)
- rotational diffusion (1)
- roughness (1)
- räumliche Wiederkehr (1)
- rückgekoppelte Zufallsprozesse (1)
- saccade detection (1)
- satellite galaxies (1)
- scalability (1)
- scalar product of force and displacement (1)
- scaled Brownian motion (1)
- scanning tunneling microscopy (1)
- scanning tunneling spectroscopy (1)
- scattering resonances (1)
- school internship (1)
- science education (1)
- screen (1)
- sea ice (1)
- sea level (1)
- sea-level rise (1)
- search dynamics (1)
- search efficiency (1)
- seasonal cyclone activity forecasts (1)
- seasonality (1)
- second-harmonic generation (1)
- secure communication (1)
- segmentations (1)
- sehr hohe Energien (1)
- seismicity (1)
- selbst-getriebene Partikel (1)
- selbsterhaltende Oszillatoren (1)
- selective contact (1)
- selective laser melting (1)
- self-assembly (1)
- self-gravity (1)
- self-organisation (1)
- self-organization (1)
- self-propelled particle (1)
- self-similarity (1)
- self-steepening (1)
- self-sufficiency (1)
- self-sustained Oscillators (1)
- self-sustained oscillations (1)
- seltene Erden (1)
- semantic incongruity (1)
- semi-empirical models (1)
- semiclassical states (1)
- semiconductor gratings (1)
- semiempirische Modelle (1)
- semiklassische Zustände (1)
- sensor (1)
- sensors and actuators (1)
- shear layers (1)
- shifts (1)
- sichere Übertragung (1)
- silica-on-silicon (1)
- silver (1)
- simulation of reciprocal space maps (1)
- simulations (1)
- single cell analysis (1)
- single molecule force spectroscopy (1)
- single-file motion (1)
- single-molecule (1)
- single-molecule biosensor (1)
- single-object detection (1)
- sink (1)
- sintering (1)
- skutterudite (1)
- slowly rotating Kerr spacetimes (1)
- small molecules (1)
- smart card (1)
- snow thermal conductivity (1)
- social acceptance (1)
- soft X-ray (1)
- soft X-ray absorption (1)
- soft electro-active materials (1)
- soft matter (1)
- soft matter physics (1)
- soft x-ray diffraction (1)
- soil organic matter (1)
- solar corona (1)
- solar eruption (1)
- solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field influence (1)
- solare Eruption (1)
- solid complex preparation (1)
- solid state Laser (1)
- solid state physics (1)
- solid-liquid interface (1)
- solitary wave (1)
- solvation (1)
- solvatochromic fluorophore (1)
- solvent dependence (1)
- solvent vapor annealing (1)
- sound radiation (1)
- space charge field (1)
- space physics (1)
- space-charge and polarization profiles (1)
- space-charge effects (1)
- space-charge stability (1)
- space-like infinity (1)
- space-time fractional diffusion equation (1)
- spacetime geometry (1)
- spacing (1)
- spark plasma (1)
- spatial (1)
- spatial poisson distribution (1)
- spatial recurrence (1)
- special holonomy (1)
- specific ion effects (1)
- spectrometry (1)
- spectroscopic (1)
- spektrale Leistungsdichte (1)
- spin (1)
- spin foam models (1)
- spin foams (1)
- spin glass (1)
- spin resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- spin state (1)
- spin structure (1)
- spin texture (1)
- spin waves (1)
- spin-crossover (1)
- spin-dependent forces (1)
- spin-orbit interaction (1)
- spin-related factors (1)
- spin-resolved (1)
- spin-state (1)
- spinaufgelöste Photoelektronenspektroskopie (1)
- spiral galaxies (1)
- spiro-OMeTAD (1)
- split Hopkinson pressure bar (1)
- spots (1)
- sputtering (1)
- squeezing entanglement (1)
- stabile Isotope (1)
- stabile Schichtung (1)
- stability (1)
- stability analysis (1)
- stable isotopes (1)
- stable stratification (1)
- stable water isotopes (1)
- star clusters (1)
- starch metabolism (1)
- stars : Wolf-Rayet (1)
- stars : atmospheres (1)
- stars : early-type (1)
- stars : evolution (1)
- stars : individual : xi Per (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Oph (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Ori (1)
- stars : individual : zeta Pup (1)
- stars : mass-loss (1)
- stars : winds, outflows (1)
- stars evolution (1)
- stars: Wolft-Rayet (1)
- stars: binaries (1)
- stars: circumstellar matter (1)
- stars: distances (1)
- stars: early-typeP (1)
- stars: flare (1)
- stars: formation (1)
- stars: horizontal branch (1)
- stars: horizontal-branch (1)
- stars: individual (PHL 457, EQ Psc) (1)
- stars: individual: 4U1700-37 (1)
- stars: individual: DGCVn-gamma rays: stars (1)
- stars: individual: HD 137366 (1)
- stars: individual: HD 93129A (1)
- stars: individual: HR 5907 (1)
- stars: individual: PG 1610+062 (1)
- stars: individual: R 145 (1)
- stars: individual: SMC AB 6 (1)
- stars: individual: WR 7 (1)
- stars: late-type (1)
- stars: magnetars (1)
- stars: oscillations (1)
- stars: oscillations (including pulsations) (1)
- stars: variables: general (1)
- state model (1)
- state space modelling (1)
- state space reconstruction (1)
- statistical methods (1)
- statistische Methoden (1)
- steel and concrete structures (1)
- stellar activity (1)
- stellar interferometry (1)
- stellar surface (1)
- stellare Interferometrie (1)
- stellarer Inhalt (1)
- stepped surface (1)
- stimulated Brillouin scattering (1)
- stimuli-responsive structured polymer films (1)
- stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (1)
- stochastic bursting (1)
- stochastic differential equation (1)
- stochastic network (1)
- stochastic oscillations (1)
- stochastic ratchet (1)
- stochastic systems (1)
- stochastic thermodynamics (1)
- stochastics (1)
- stochastische Dynamik (1)
- stochastische Ratsche (1)
- stochastische Systeme (1)
- stochastisches Netzwerk (1)
- stopped-flow (1)
- storage (1)
- strain (1)
- strain fields (1)
- strain gauges (1)
- strain sensors (1)
- strain-free lattice (1)
- stratosphere (1)
- stratospheric chemistry (1)
- stratospheric circulation (1)
- stress exponent (1)
- stress recovery (1)
- stress response (1)
- stress-relaxation (1)
- strong coupling (1)
- structur-function relationship (1)
- structural dynamics (1)
- structural properties (1)
- structure (1)
- structure of water (1)
- structure-property (1)
- structured substrates (1)
- structures (1)
- strukturelle Eigenschaften (1)
- strukturierte Substrate (1)
- stuck-at faults (1)
- students' conceptions (1)
- subgrain structure (1)
- summer (1)
- sunspots (1)
- superalloys (1)
- superconductor (1)
- superconductors (1)
- superdiffusion and (1)
- superlattice dispersion (1)
- superluminescent diodes (1)
- supernovae: general (1)
- support vector machines (1)
- surf (1)
- surface Brillouin zone (SBZ) (1)
- surface band bending (1)
- surface charge (1)
- surface charge stability (1)
- surface chemical treatment (1)
- surface cracks (1)
- surface emissivity (1)
- surface flow (1)
- surface functionalization (1)
- surface modification (1)
- surface morphology (1)
- surface photovoltage (1)
- surface reactivity (1)
- surface recombination (1)
- surface reconstruction (1)
- surface tension (1)
- surface treatment (1)
- surface wetting (1)
- surface-enhanced Raman scattering (1)
- surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (1)
- surface-relief gratings (1)
- surface-roughened (1)
- surfaces and interfaces (1)
- surfactant (1)
- surrogate method (1)
- surrogates (1)
- susceptibility (1)
- swarm mission (1)
- swelling (1)
- swelling behavior (1)
- switchSENSE (1)
- switchSENSE Technologie (1)
- symbolic regression (1)
- synchronisation (1)
- synchrotron X-ray refraction (1)
- synchrotron x-ray refraction radiography (SXRR) (1)
- synoptic cyclones (1)
- synoptische Zyklone (1)
- synthetic eumelanin (1)
- synthetisches Eumelanin (1)
- system (1)
- system-immanent forces (1)
- systemimmanente Kräfte (1)
- systems subjected to parameter drift (1)
- tailored pulse trains (1)
- tandem solar cell (1)
- task-based parallelism (1)
- teacher professional development (1)
- techniques (1)
- techniques of optical spectroscopy: IR absorption (1)
- techniques: Image processing (1)
- techniques: radial velocities (1)
- teleconnection patterns (1)
- teleconnections (1)
- telegrapher's equation (1)
- telescope (1)
- telluride (1)
- tellurium (1)
- temperature proxy (1)
- temperature variability (1)
- tensor decompositions (1)
- ternary blends (1)
- terrace ... (1)
- terrigener Staub (1)
- terrigenous dust (1)
- thermal barrier coatings (1)
- thermal conductivity (1)
- thermal energy storage (1)
- thermal evolution (1)
- thermal expansion (1)
- thermal noise in mirror coatings (1)
- thermal stimulation of (1)
- thermal treatment (1)
- thermal wind equation (1)
- thermalization (1)
- thermally activated dynamics (1)
- thermally enhanced actuators (1)
- thermally stimulated depolarization current (1)
- thermisch aktivierte Dynamik (1)
- thermische Evolution (1)
- thermische Windgleichung (1)
- thermisches Rauschen in Spiegelbeschichtungen (1)
- thermo-luminescence (1)
- thermo-stimulated discharge (1)
- thermoacoustic effect (1)
- thermoacoustics (1)
- thermoactivational spectroscopy (1)
- thermoakustischer Effekt (1)
- thermodynamic control (1)
- thermodynamic length (1)
- thermodynamic structure (1)
- thermodynamische Struktur (1)
- thermoelectric materials (1)
- thermoelectric properties (1)
- thermoelectricity (1)
- thermoelectrics (1)
- thermophone (1)
- thermoresponsive polymers (1)
- theta (1)
- theta neurons (1)
- thickness insensitive active layers (1)
- thin flexible and conformable films (1)
- thin organic layers (1)
- thin-film solar cells (1)
- threshold voltages (1)
- through space NMR shieldings (1)
- time perception (1)
- time resolved (1)
- time resolved pump probe spectroscopy (1)
- time resolved spectroskopy (1)
- time reversal symmetry (1)
- time-fractional Schrödinger equation (1)
- time-resolved X-ray probing (1)
- time-resolved photoemission (1)
- time-resolved x-ray diffraction (1)
- timing resilient design (1)
- tipping cascade (1)
- tipping elements (1)
- tipping interactions (1)
- tissue engineering (1)
- to-coil transition (1)
- tolerable windows approach (1)
- tomography (XCT) (1)
- tomogrphy (1)
- topological community (1)
- topological insulators (1)
- topologische Isolatoren (1)
- total work (1)
- trade (1)
- traffic jams (1)
- trajectories (1)
- tranfer excited-state (1)
- transcrystalline polypropylene (1)
- transient absorption (1)
- transient absorption spectroscopy (1)
- transient grating (1)
- transient grating spectroscopy (1)
- transient methods (1)
- transient spectroscopy (1)
- transiente Messmethoden (1)
- transientes Gitter (1)
- transition (1)
- transition metal complexes (1)
- transition metal systems (1)
- transition metals (1)
- transition moment (1)
- transition state (1)
- transitive action (1)
- transkristallines Polypropylen (1)
- transparent conductors (1)
- transport and interaction phase (1)
- transport layer (1)
- transport layers (1)
- transports (1)
- trap-depth (1)
- trapping (1)
- travelling waves (1)
- triple-axis spectroscopy (1)
- triple-cation perovskite (1)
- tug-of-war (1)
- turbulence control (1)
- turbulence measurement (1)
- turbulence parameterizations (1)
- twinning (1)
- twisted state (1)
- two-dimensional (1)
- ultra-fast laser inscription technology (1)
- ultra-high energy cosmic rays (1)
- ultrafast X-ray diffraction (1)
- ultrafast optics (1)
- ultrahochenergetische kosmische Strahlung (1)
- ultrarelativistic electrons (1)
- ultraschnelle Moleküldynamik (1)
- ultraschnelle Phänomene (1)
- ultraschnelle Röntgenbeugung (1)
- ultraschnelle Röntgendiffraktion (1)
- ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (1)
- ultraviolet: galaxies (1)
- ultraviolet: stars (1)
- undercooling (1)
- ungeordnete Systeme (1)
- upconversion nanoparticles (1)
- upper atmosphere model (1)
- urban (1)
- urbanisation (1)
- utility-scale batteries (1)
- vacuum fluctuations (1)
- valence band (VB) (1)
- valence band maximum (VBM) (1)
- valence band structure (1)
- van allen probes (RBSP) (1)
- van allen probes; (1)
- van der Waals forces (1)
- van der Waals-Kräfte (1)
- vapour deposition (1)
- variability (1)
- vegetation (1)
- verb (1)
- verb simulations; (1)
- verrauschte Oszillatoren (1)
- very-high energy (1)
- vesicles (1)
- vibrational resonance (1)
- vibrational spectroscopy (1)
- violin (1)
- virus (1)
- viscoelastic effects and anomalous diffusion (1)
- viscoplastic theory (1)
- viscosity (1)
- visibility (1)
- viskoplastische Theorie (1)
- visual fixation (1)
- wafers (1)
- walks (1)
- waste heat (1)
- water diffusion in the brain (1)
- water ice (1)
- water monitoring (1)
- water-interface (1)
- water-methane films (1)
- wave equation (1)
- wave particle interaction (1)
- wave scattering (1)
- wave structure (1)
- wavelength shift (1)
- weak ergodicity breaking (1)
- wearable (1)
- weather (1)
- weather extremes (1)
- weighted (1)
- wetting transition (1)
- whispering gallery modes (1)
- white-light generation (1)
- wind (1)
- wind bubble (1)
- winkelaufgelöste Photoelektronenspektroskopie (1)
- wurtzite type (1)
- wässrige Filme (1)
- x-ray (1)
- x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) (1)
- x-ray magnetic resonant diffraction (XMRD) (1)
- x-ray photoemission (1)
- x-ray-absorption (1)
- zebrafish (1)
- zeitaufgelöst (1)
- zeitaufgelöste Röntgenbeugung (1)
- zeitaufgelöste Spektroskopie (1)
- zeitverzögerte Selbstkopplung (1)
- zelluläre Kräfte (1)
- zero-power defense (1)
- zerstörungfreie Prüfung (1)
- zirkumgalaktischen Medium (1)
- zufälligen Diffusivität (1)
- zweite Harmonische (1)
- zwitterions (1)
- µCT (1)
- Ökologie (1)
- Ökonomisches Netzwerk (1)
- Überflutung (1)
- Übergang (1)
- Übergangsmetall - Komplexe (1)
- Übergangsmetalle (1)
- Übergangsmoment (1)
- Übergangszustand (1)
- Übergitter Dispersion (1)
- Überhitzung (1)
- äquatorialen Plasma-Verarmungen (1)
- азобензолсодержащие ПАВ (1)
- иперболический аттрактор (1)
- каталитическая изомеризация азобензолов (1)
- когомологии (1)
- комплекс де Рама (1)
- оллективная динамика (1)
- плазмонные наночастицы (1)
- показатель преломления азобензолов (1)
- проблема Неймана (1)
- синхронизация (1)
- теория Ходжа (1)
Institute
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (1470)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Dynamik komplexer Systeme (52)
- Institut für Chemie (46)
- Extern (44)
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (25)
- Institut für Mathematik (22)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (15)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (7)
- Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie (7)
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) e. V. (6)
This Thesis was devoted to the study of the coupled system composed by El Niño/Southern Oscillation and the Annual Cycle. More precisely, the work was focused on two main problems: 1. How to separate both oscillations into an affordable model for understanding the behaviour of the whole system. 2. How to model the system in order to achieve a better understanding of the interaction, as well as to predict future states of the system. We focused our efforts in the Sea Surface Temperature equations, considering that atmospheric effects were secondary to the ocean dynamics. The results found may be summarised as follows: 1. Linear methods are not suitable for characterising the dimensionality of the sea surface temperature in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Therefore they do not help to separate the oscillations by themselves. Instead, nonlinear methods of dimensionality reduction are proven to be better in defining a lower limit for the dimensionality of the system as well as in explaining the statistical results in a more physical way [1]. In particular, Isomap, a nonlinear modification of Multidimensional Scaling methods, provides a physically appealing method of decomposing the data, as it substitutes the euclidean distances in the manifold by an approximation of the geodesic distances. We expect that this method could be successfully applied to other oscillatory extended systems and, in particular, to meteorological systems. 2. A three dimensional dynamical system could be modeled, using a backfitting algorithm, for describing the dynamics of the sea surface temperature in the tropical Pacific Ocean. We observed that, although there were few data points available, we could predict future behaviours of the coupled ENSO-Annual Cycle system with an accuracy of less than six months, although the constructed system presented several drawbacks: few data points to input in the backfitting algorithm, untrained model, lack of forcing with external data and simplification using a close system. Anyway, ensemble prediction techniques showed that the prediction skills of the three dimensional time series were as good as those found in much more complex models. This suggests that the climatological system in the tropics is mainly explained by ocean dynamics, while the atmosphere plays a secondary role in the physics of the process. Relevant predictions for short lead times can be made using a low dimensional system, despite its simplicity. The analysis of the SST data suggests that nonlinear interaction between the oscillations is small, and that noise plays a secondary role in the fundamental dynamics of the oscillations [2]. A global view of the work shows a general procedure to face modeling of climatological systems. First, we should find a suitable method of either linear or nonlinear dimensionality reduction. Then, low dimensional time series could be extracted out of the method applied. Finally, a low dimensional model could be found using a backfitting algorithm in order to predict future states of the system.
When Galactic microlensing events of stars are observed, one usually measures a symmetric light curve corresponding to a single lens, or an asymmetric light curve, often with caustic crossings, in the case of a binary lens system. In principle, the fraction of binary stars at a certain separation range can be estimated based on the number of measured microlensing events. However, a binary system may produce a light curve which can be fitted well as a single lens light curve, in particullary if the data sampling is poor and the errorbars are large. We investigate what fraction of microlensing events produced by binary stars for different separations may be well fitted by and hence misinterpreted as single lens events for various observational conditions. We find that this fraction strongly depends on the separation of the binary components, reaching its minimum at between 0.6 and 1.0 Einstein radius, where it is still of the order of 5% The Einstein radius is corresponding to few A.U. for typical Galactic microlensing scenarios. The rate for misinterpretation is higher for short microlensing events lasting up to few months and events with smaller maximum amplification. For fixed separation it increases for binaries with more extreme mass ratios. Problem of degeneracy in photometric light curve solution between binary lens and binary source microlensing events was studied on simulated data, and data observed by the PLANET collaboration. The fitting code BISCO using the PIKAIA genetic algorithm optimizing routine was written for optimizing binary-source microlensing light curves observed at different sites, in I, R and V photometric bands. Tests on simulated microlensing light curves show that BISCO is successful in finding the solution to a binary-source event in a very wide parameter space. Flux ratio method is suggested in this work for breaking degeneracy between binary-lens and binary-source photometric light curves. Models show that only a few additional data points in photometric V band, together with a full light curve in I band, will enable breaking the degeneracy. Very good data quality and dense data sampling, combined with accurate binary lens and binary source modeling, yielded the discovery of the lowest-mass planet discovered outside of the Solar System so far, OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, having only 5.5 Earth masses. This was the first observed microlensing event in which the degeneracy between a planetary binary-lens and an extreme flux ratio binary-source model has been successfully broken. For events OGLE-2003-BLG-222 and OGLE-2004-BLG-347, the degeneracy was encountered despite of very dense data sampling. From light curve modeling and stellar evolution theory, there was a slight preference to explain OGLE-2003-BLG-222 as a binary source event, and OGLE-2004-BLG-347 as a binary lens event. However, without spectra, this degeneracy cannot be fully broken. No planet was found so far around a white dwarf, though it is believed that Jovian planets should survive the late stages of stellar evolution, and that white dwarfs will retain planetary systems in wide orbits. We want to perform high precision astrometric observations of nearby white dwarfs in wide binary systems with red dwarfs in order to find planets around white dwarfs. We selected a sample of observing targets (WD-RD binary systems, not published yet), which can possibly have planets around the WD component, and modeled synthetic astrometric orbits which can be observed for these targets using existing and future astrometric facilities. Modeling was performed for the astrometric accuracy of 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mas, separation between WD and planet of 3 and 5 A.U., binary system separation of 30 A.U., planet masses of 10 Earth masses, 1 and 10 Jupiter masses, WD mass of 0.5M and 1.0 Solar masses, and distances to the system of 10, 20 and 30 pc. It was found that the PRIMA facility at the VLTI will be able to detect planets around white dwarfs once it is operating, by measuring the astrometric wobble of the WD due to a planet companion, down to 1 Jupiter mass. We show for the simulated observations that it is possible to model the orbits and find the parameters describing the potential planetary systems.
Since their discovery in 1610 by Galileo Galilei, Saturn's rings continue to fascinate both experts and amateurs. Countless numbers of icy grains in almost Keplerian orbits reveal a wealth of structures such as ringlets, voids and gaps, wakes and waves, and many more. Grains are found to increase in size with increasing radial distance to Saturn. Recently discovered "propeller" structures in the Cassini spacecraft data, provide evidence for the existence of embedded moonlets. In the wake of these findings, the discussion resumes about origin and evolution of planetary rings, and growth processes in tidal environments. In this thesis, a contact model for binary adhesive, viscoelastic collisions is developed that accounts for agglomeration as well as restitution. Collisional outcomes are crucially determined by the impact speed and masses of the collision partners and yield a maximal impact velocity at which agglomeration still occurs. Based on the latter, a self-consistent kinetic concept is proposed. The model considers all possible collisional outcomes as there are coagulation, restitution, and fragmentation. Emphasizing the evolution of the mass spectrum and furthermore concentrating on coagulation alone, a coagulation equation, including a restricted sticking probability is derived. The otherwise phenomenological Smoluchowski equation is reproduced from basic principles and denotes a limit case to the derived coagulation equation. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the relevance of adhesion to force-free granular gases and to those under the influence of Keplerian shear is investigated. Capture probability, agglomerate stability, and the mass spectrum evolution are investigated in the context of adhesive interactions. A size dependent radial limit distance from the central planet is obtained refining the Roche criterion. Furthermore, capture probability in the presence of adhesion is generally different compared to the case of pure gravitational capture. In contrast to a Smoluchowski-type evolution of the mass spectrum, numerical simulations of the obtained coagulation equation revealed, that a transition from smaller grains to larger bodies cannot occur via a collisional cascade alone. For parameters used in this study, effective growth ceases at an average size of centimeters.
<img src="http://vg00.met.vgwort.de/na/806c85cec18906a64e06" width="1" height="1" alt=""> Subject of this work is the possibility to synchronize nonlinear systems via correlated noise and automatic control. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is motivated by field studies on feral sheep populations on two islands of the St. Kilda archipelago, which revealed strong correlations due to environmental noise. For a linear system the population correlation equals the noise correlation (Moran effect). But there exists no systematic examination of the properties of nonlinear maps under the influence of correlated noise. Therefore, in the first part of this thesis the noise-induced correlation of logistic maps is systematically examined. For small noise intensities it can be shown analytically that the correlation of quadratic maps in the fixed-point regime is always smaller than or equal to the noise correlation. In the period-2 regime a Markov model explains qualitatively the main dynamical characteristics. Furthermore, two different mechanisms are introduced which lead to a higher correlation of the systems than the environmental correlation. The new effect of "correlation resonance" is described, i. e. the correlation yields a maximum depending on the noise intensity. In the second part of the thesis an automatic control method is presented which synchronizes different systems in a robust way. This method is inspired by phase-locked loops and is based on a feedback loop with a differential control scheme, which allows to change the phases of the controlled systems. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for controlled phase synchronization of regular oscillators and foodweb models.
In this work the first observation of new type of liquid crystals is presented. This is ionic self-assembly (ISA) liquid crystals formed by introduction of oppositely charged ions between different low molecular tectonic units. As practically all conventional liquid crystals consist of rigid core and alkyl chains the attention is focused to the simplest case where oppositely charged ions are placed between a rigid core and alkyl tails. The aim of this work is to investigate and understand liquid crystalline and alignment properties of these materials. It was found that ionic interactions within complexes play the main role. Presence of these interactions restricts transition to isotropic phase. In addition, these interactions hold the system (like network) allowing crystallization into a single domain from aligned LC state. Alignment of these simple ISA complexes was spontaneous on a glass substrate. In order to show potentials for application perylenediimide and azobenzene containing ISA complexes have been investigated for correlations between phase behavior and their alignment properties. The best results of macroscopic alignment of perylenediimide-based ISA complexes have been obtained by zone-casting method. In the aligned films the columns of the complex align perpendicular to the phase-transition front. The obtained anisotropy (DR = 18) is thermally stable. The investigated photosensitive (azobenzene-based) ISA complexes show formation of columnar LC phases. It was demonstrated that photo alignment of such complexes was very effective (DR = 50 has been obtained). It was shown that photo-reorientation in the photosensitive ISA complexes is cooperative process. The size of domains has direct influence on efficiency of the photo-reorientation process. In the case of small domains the photo-alignment is the most effective. Under irradiation with linearly polarized light domains reorient in the plane of the film leading to macroscopic alignment of columns parallel to the light polarization and joining of small domains into big ones. Finally, the additional distinguishable properties of the ISA liquid crystalline complexes should be noted: (I) the complexes do not solve in water but readily solve in organic solvents; (II) the complexes have good film-forming properties when cast or spin-coated from organic solvent; (III) alignment of the complexes depends on their structure and secondary interactions between tectonic units.
In Leuchtdioden wird Licht durch die Rekombination von injizierten Ladungsträgern erzeugt. Das kann einerseits in anorganischen Materialien geschehen. In diesem Fall ist es notwendig, hochgeordnete Kristallstrukturen herzustellen, die die Eigenschaften der Leuchtdioden bestimmen. Ein anderer Ansatz ist die Verwendung von organischen Molekülen und Polymeren. Auf Grund der Vielseitigkeit der organischen Chemie können die Eigenschaften der verwendeten halbleitenden Polymere schon während der Synthese beeinflusst werden. Außerdem weisen auch diese Polymere die bekannte mechanische Flexibilität auf. Die Herstellung von flexiblen, großflächigen Beleuchtungsquellen und Anzeigelementen ist so möglich. Die erste Leuchtdiode mit einem halbleitenden Polymer als Emitter wurde 1990 hergestellt. Seither hat das Forschungsgebiet eine rasante Entwicklung genommen. Auch erste kommerzielle Produkte sind erhältlich. Im Zuge dieser Entwicklung wurde deutlich, dass die Eigenschaften von polymeren Leuchtdioden – beispielsweise Farbe und Effizienz – durch die Verwendung mehrerer Komponenten in der aktiven Schicht deutlich verbessert werden können. Gleichzeitig ergeben sich neue Herausforderungen durch die Wechselwirkungen der verschiedenen Filmbestandteile. Während die Komponenten oft entweder zur Verbesserung des Ladungstransportes oder zur Beeinflussung der Emission zugegeben werden, muss darauf geachtet werden, dass die anderen Prozesse nicht negativ beeinflusst werden. In dieser Arbeit werden einige dieser Wechselwirkungen untersucht und mit einfachen physikalischen Modellen erklärt. So werden zunächst blau emittierende Leuchtdioden auf der Basis von Polyfluoren untersucht. Dieses Material ist zwar ein sehr effizienter blauer Emitter, jedoch ist es anfällig für chemische Defekte, diese sich nicht vollständig verhindern lassen. Die Defekte bilden Fallenzustände für Elektronen, ihr Einfluss lässt sich durch die Zugabe von Lochfallen unterdrücken. Der zugrunde liegende Prozess, die Beeinflussung der Ladungsträgerbalance, wird erklärt. Im Folgenden werden Mischsystemen mit dendronisierten Emittern, die gleichzeitig eine Falle für Elektronen bilden, untersucht. Hier wird die unterschiedliche Wirkung der isolierenden Hülle auf die Ladungs- und Energieübertragung zwischen Matrix und Farbstoffkern der Dendrimere untersucht. In Mischsystemen haben die Natur der angeregten Zustände sowie die Art und Weise des Ladungsträgertransportes einen großen Einfluss auf diese Transferprozesse. Außerden hat auch hier die Ladungsträgerbalance Auswirkungen auf die Emission. Um den Ladungsträgereinfang in Fallenzuständen zu charakterisieren, wird eine Methode auf Grundlage der Messung des zeitaufgelösten Photostroms in organischen Mischfilmen weiterentwickelt. Die erzielten Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Übertragung der für geordnete Systeme entwickelten Modelle des Ladungsträgertransportes nicht ohne weiteres auf Polymersysteme mit hoher Unordnung übertragen werden können. Abschließend werden zeitaufgelöste Messungen der Phosphoreszenz in entsprechenden Mischungen aus Polymeren und organometallischen Verbindungen vorgestellt. Auch diese Systeme enthalten üblicherweise weitere Komponenten, die den Ladungstransport verbessern. In diesen Filmen kann es zu einer Übertragung der Tripletts vom Emitter auf die weiteren Filmbestandteile kommen. Bei Kenntnis der in Frage kommenden Wechselwirkungen können die unerwünschten Prozesse vermieden werden.
In view of the importance of charge storage in polymer electrets for electromechanical transducer applications, the aim of this work is to contribute to the understanding of the charge-retention mechanisms. Furthermore, we will try to explain how the long-term storage of charge carriers in polymeric electrets works and to identify the probable trap sites. Charge trapping and de-trapping processes were investigated in order to obtain evidence of the trap sites in polymeric electrets. The charge de-trapping behavior of two particular polymer electrets was studied by means of thermal and optical techniques. In order to obtain evidence of trapping or de-trapping, charge and dipole profiles in the thickness direction were also monitored. In this work, the study was performed on polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) and on cyclic-olefin copolymers (COCs). PETP is a photo-electret and contains a net dipole moment that is located in the carbonyl group (C = O). The electret behavior of PETP arises from both the dipole orientation and the charge storage. In contrast to PETP, COCs are not photo-electrets and do not exhibit a net dipole moment. The electret behavior of COCs arises from the storage of charges only. COC samples were doped with dyes in order to probe their internal electric field. COCs show shallow charge traps at 0.6 and 0.11 eV, characteristic for thermally activated processes. In addition, deep charge traps are present at 4 eV, characteristic for optically stimulated processes. PETP films exhibit a photo-current transient with a maximum that depends on the temperature with an activation energy of 0.106 eV. The pair thermalization length (rc) calculated from this activation energy for the photo-carrier generation in PETP was estimated to be approx. 4.5 nm. The generated photo-charge carriers can recombine, interact with the trapped charge, escape through the electrodes or occupy an empty trap. PETP possesses a small quasi-static pyroelectric coefficient (QPC): ~0.6 nC/(m²K) for unpoled samples, ~60 nC/(m²K) for poled samples and ~60 nC/(m²K) for unpoled samples under an electric bias (E ~10 V/µm). When stored charges generate an internal electric field of approx. 10 V/µm, they are able to induce a QPC comparable to that of the oriented dipoles. Moreover, we observe charge-dipole interaction. Since the raw data of the QPC-experiments on PETP samples is noisy, a numerical Fourier-filtering procedure was applied. Simulations show that the data analysis is reliable when the noise level is up to 3 times larger than the calculated pyroelectric current for the QPC. PETP films revealed shallow traps at approx. 0.36 eV during thermally-stimulated current measurements. These energy traps are associated with molecular dipole relaxations (C = O). On the other hand, photo-activated measurements yield deep charge traps at 4.1 and 5.2 eV. The observed wavelengths belong to the transitions in PETP that are analogous to the π - π* benzene transitions. The observed charge de-trapping selectivity in the photocharge decay indicates that the charge detrapping is from a direct photon-charge interaction. Additionally, the charge de-trapping can be facilitated by photo-exciton generation and the interaction of the photo-excitons with trapped charge carriers. These results indicate that the benzene rings (C6H4) and the dipolar groups (C = O) can stabilize and share an extra charge carrier in a chemical resonance. In this way, this charge could be de-trapped in connection with the photo-transitions of the benzene ring and with the dipole relaxations. The thermally-activated charge release shows a difference in the trap depth to its optical counterpart. This difference indicates that the trap levels depend on the de-trapping process and on the chemical nature of the trap site. That is, the processes of charge detrapping from shallow traps are related to secondary forces. The processes of charge de-trapping from deep traps are related to primary forces. Furthermore, the presence of deep trap levels causes the stability of the charge for long periods of time.
What can we learn from climate data? : Methods for fluctuation, time/scale and phase analysis
(2006)
Since Galileo Galilei invented the first thermometer, researchers have tried to understand the complex dynamics of ocean and atmosphere by means of scientific methods. They observe nature and formulate theories about the climate system. Since some decades powerful computers are capable to simulate the past and future evolution of climate. Time series analysis tries to link the observed data to the computer models: Using statistical methods, one estimates characteristic properties of the underlying climatological processes that in turn can enter the models. The quality of an estimation is evaluated by means of error bars and significance testing. On the one hand, such a test should be capable to detect interesting features, i.e. be sensitive. On the other hand, it should be robust and sort out false positive results, i.e. be specific. This thesis mainly aims to contribute to methodological questions of time series analysis with a focus on sensitivity and specificity and to apply the investigated methods to recent climatological problems. First, the inference of long-range correlations by means of Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) is studied. It is argued that power-law scaling of the fluctuation function and thus long-memory may not be assumed a priori but have to be established. This requires to investigate the local slopes of the fluctuation function. The variability characteristic for stochastic processes is accounted for by calculating empirical confidence regions. The comparison of a long-memory with a short-memory model shows that the inference of long-range correlations from a finite amount of data by means of DFA is not specific. When aiming to infer short memory by means of DFA, a local slope larger than $\alpha=0.5$ for large scales does not necessarily imply long-memory. Also, a finite scaling of the autocorrelation function is shifted to larger scales in the fluctuation function. It turns out that long-range correlations cannot be concluded unambiguously from the DFA results for the Prague temperature data set. In the second part of the thesis, an equivalence class of nonstationary Gaussian stochastic processes is defined in the wavelet domain. These processes are characterized by means of wavelet multipliers and exhibit well defined time dependent spectral properties; they allow one to generate realizations of any nonstationary Gaussian process. The dependency of the realizations on the wavelets used for the generation is studied, bias and variance of the wavelet sample spectrum are calculated. To overcome the difficulties of multiple testing, an areawise significance test is developed and compared to the conventional pointwise test in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Applications to Climatological and Hydrological questions are presented. The thesis at hand mainly aims to contribute to methodological questions of time series analysis and to apply the investigated methods to recent climatological problems. In the last part, the coupling between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Monsoon on inter-annual time scales is studied by means of Hilbert transformation and a curvature defined phase. This method allows one to investigate the relation of two oscillating systems with respect to their phases, independently of their amplitudes. The performance of the technique is evaluated using a toy model. From the data, distinct epochs are identified, especially two intervals of phase coherence, 1886-1908 and 1964-1980, confirming earlier findings from a new point of view. A significance test of high specificity corroborates these results. Also so far unknown periods of coupling invisible to linear methods are detected. These findings suggest that the decreasing correlation during the last decades might be partly inherent to the ENSO/Monsoon system. Finally, a possible interpretation of how volcanic radiative forcing could cause the coupling is outlined.
Uncertainty about the sensitivity of the climate system to changes in the Earth’s radiative balance constitutes a primary source of uncertainty for climate projections. Given the continuous increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, constraining the uncertainty range in such type of sensitivity is of vital importance. A common measure for expressing this key characteristic for climate models is the climate sensitivity, defined as the simulated change in global-mean equilibrium temperature resulting from a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration. The broad range of climate sensitivity estimates (1.5-4.5°C as given in the last Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2001), inferred from comprehensive climate models, illustrates that the strength of simulated feedback mechanisms varies strongly among different models. The central goal of this thesis is to constrain uncertainty in climate sensitivity. For this objective we first generate a large ensemble of model simulations, covering different feedback strengths, and then request their consistency with present-day observational data and proxy-data from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Our analyses are based on an ensemble of fully-coupled simulations, that were realized with a climate model of intermediate complexity (CLIMBER-2). These model versions cover a broad range of different climate sensitivities, ranging from 1.3 to 5.5°C, and have been generated by simultaneously perturbing a set of 11 model parameters. The analysis of the simulated model feedbacks reveals that the spread in climate sensitivity results from different realizations of the feedback strengths in water vapour, clouds, lapse rate and albedo. The calculated spread in the sum of all feedbacks spans almost the entire plausible range inferred from a sampling of more complex models. We show that the requirement for consistency between simulated pre-industrial climate and a set of seven global-mean data constraints represents a comparatively weak test for model sensitivity (the data constrain climate sensitivity to 1.3-4.9°C). Analyses of the simulated latitudinal profile and of the seasonal cycle suggest that additional present-day data constraints, based on these characteristics, do not further constrain uncertainty in climate sensitivity. The novel approach presented in this thesis consists in systematically combining a large set of LGM simulations with data information from reconstructed regional glacial cooling. Irrespective of uncertainties in model parameters and feedback strengths, the set of our model versions reveals a close link between the simulated warming due to a doubling of CO2, and the cooling obtained for the LGM. Based on this close relationship between past and future temperature evolution, we define a method (based on linear regression) that allows us to estimate robust 5-95% quantiles for climate sensitivity. We thus constrain the range of climate sensitivity to 1.3-3.5°C using proxy-data from the LGM at low and high latitudes. Uncertainties in glacial radiative forcing enlarge this estimate to 1.2-4.3°C, whereas the assumption of large structural uncertainties may increase the upper limit by an additional degree. Using proxy-based data constraints for tropical and Antarctic cooling we show that very different absolute temperature changes in high and low latitudes all yield very similar estimates of climate sensitivity. On the whole, this thesis highlights that LGM proxy-data information can offer an effective means of constraining the uncertainty range in climate sensitivity and thus underlines the potential of paleo-climatic data to reduce uncertainty in future climate projections.
The layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) of polyelectrolytes has been extensively studied for the preparation of ultrathin films due to the versatility of the build-up process. The control of the permeability of these layers is particularly important as there are potential drug delivery applications. Multilayered polyelectrolyte microcapsules are also of great interest due to their possible use as microcontainers. This work will present two methods that can be used as employable drug delivery systems, both of which can encapsulate an active molecule and tune the release properties of the active species. Poly-(N-isopropyl acrylamide), (PNIPAM) is known to be a thermo-sensitive polymer that has a Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) around 32oC; above this temperature PNIPAM is insoluble in water and collapses. It is also known that with the addition of salt, the LCST decreases. This work shows Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) evidence that the LCST of the PNIPAM can be tuned with salt type and concentration. Microcapsules were used to encapsulate this thermo-sensitive polymer, resulting in a reversible and tunable stimuli- responsive system. The encapsulation of the PNIPAM inside of the capsule was proven with Raman spectroscopy, DSC (bulk LCST measurements), AFM (thickness change), SEM (morphology change) and CLSM (in situ LCST measurement inside of the capsules). The exploitation of the capsules as a microcontainer is advantageous not only because of the protection the capsules give to the active molecules, but also because it facilitates easier transport. The second system investigated demonstrates the ability to reduce the permeability of polyelectrolyte multilayer films by the addition of charged wax particles. The incorporation of this hydrophobic coating leads to a reduced water sensitivity particularly after heating, which melts the wax, forming a barrier layer. This conclusion was proven with Neutron Reflectivity by showing the decreased presence of D2O in planar polyelectrolyte films after annealing creating a barrier layer. The permeability of capsules could also be decreased by the addition of a wax layer. This was proved by the increase in recovery time measured by Florescence Recovery After Photobleaching, (FRAP) measurements. In general two advanced methods, potentially suitable for drug delivery systems, have been proposed. In both cases, if biocompatible elements are used to fabricate the capsule wall, these systems provide a stable method of encapsulating active molecules. Stable encapsulation coupled with the ability to tune the wall thickness gives the ability to control the release profile of the molecule of interest.
Collisions of black holes and neutron stars, named mixed binaries in the following, are interesting because of at least two reasons. Firstly, it is expected that they emit a large amount of energy as gravitational waves, which could be measured by new detectors. The form of those waves is expected to carry information about the internal structure of such systems. Secondly, collisions of such objects are the prime suspects of short gamma ray bursts. The exact mechanism for the energy emission is unknown so far. In the past, Newtonian theory of gravitation and modifications to it were often used for numerical simulations of collisions of mixed binary systems. However, near to such objects, the gravitational forces are so strong, that the use of General Relativity is necessary for accurate predictions. There are a lot of problems in general relativistic simulations. However, systems of two neutron stars and systems of two black holes have been studies extensively in the past and a lot of those problems have been solved. One of the remaining problems so far has been the use of hydrodynamic on excision boundaries. Inside excision regions, no evolution is carried out. Such regions are often used inside black holes to circumvent instabilities of the numerical methods near the singularity. Methods to handle hydrodynamics at such boundaries have been described and tests are shown in this work. One important test and the first application of those methods has been the simulation of a collapsing neutron star to a black hole. The success of these simulations and in particular the performance of the excision methods was an important step towards simulations of mixed binaries. Initial data are necessary for every numerical simulation. However, the creation of such initial data for general relativistic situations is in general very complicated. In this work it is shown how to obtain initial data for mixed binary systems using an already existing method for initial data of two black holes. These initial data have been used for evolutions of such systems and problems encountered are discussed in this work. One of the problems are instabilities due to different methods, which could be solved by dissipation of appropriate strength. Another problem is the expected drift of the black hole towards the neutron star. It is shown, that this can be solved by using special gauge conditions, which prevent the black hole from moving on the computational grid. The methods and simulations shown in this work are only the starting step for a much more detailed study of mixed binary system. Better methods, models and simulations with higher resolution and even better gauge conditions will be focus of future work. It is expected that such detailed studies can give information about the emitted gravitational waves, which is important in view of the newly built gravitational wave detectors. In addition, these simulations could give insight into the processes responsible for short gamma ray bursts.
We investigate the rotational and thermal properties of star-forming molecular clouds using hydrodynamic simulations. Stars form from molecular cloud cores by gravoturbulent fragmentation. Understanding the angular momentum and the thermal evolution of cloud cores thus plays a fundamental role in completing the theoretical picture of star formation. This is true not only for current star formation as observed in regions like the Orion nebula or the ρ-Ophiuchi molecular cloud but also for the formation of stars of the first or second generation in the universe. In this thesis we show how the angular momentum of prestellar and protostellar cores evolves and compare our results with observed quantities. The specific angular momentum of prestellar cores in our models agree remarkably well with observations of cloud cores. Some prestellar cores go into collapse to build up stars and stellar systems. The resulting protostellar objects have specific angular momenta that fall into the range of observed binaries. We find that collapse induced by gravoturbulent fragmentation is accompanied by a substantial loss of specific angular momentum. This eases the "angular momentum problem" in star formation even in the absence of magnetic fields. The distribution of stellar masses at birth (the initial mass function, IMF) is another aspect that any theory of star formation must explain. We focus on the influence of the thermodynamic properties of star-forming gas and address this issue by studying the effects of a piecewise polytropic equation of state on the formation of stellar clusters. We increase the polytropic exponent γ from a value below unity to a value above unity at a certain critical density. The change of the thermodynamic state at the critical density selects a characteristic mass scale for fragmentation, which we relate to the peak of the IMF observed in the solar neighborhood. Our investigation generally supports the idea that the distribution of stellar masses depends mainly on the thermodynamic state of the gas. A common assumption is that the chemical evolution of the star-forming gas can be decoupled from its dynamical evolution, with the former never affecting the latter. Although justified in some circumstances, this assumption is not true in every case. In particular, in low-metallicity gas the timescales for reaching the chemical equilibrium are comparable or larger than the dynamical timescales. In this thesis we take a first approach to combine a chemical network with a hydrodynamical code in order to study the influence of low levels of metal enrichment on the cooling and collapse of ionized gas in small protogalactic halos. Our initial conditions represent protogalaxies forming within a fossil HII region -- a previously ionized HII region which has not yet had time to cool and recombine. We show that in these regions, H2 is the dominant and most effective coolant, and that it is the amount of H2 formed that controls whether or not the gas can collapse and form stars. For metallicities Z <= 10<sup>-3 Zsun, metal line cooling alters the density and temperature evolution of the gas by less than 1% compared to the metal-free case at densities below 1 cm<sup>-3 and temperatures above 2000 K. We also find that an external ultraviolet background delays or suppresses the cooling and collapse of the gas regardless of whether it is metal-enriched or not. Finally, we study the dependence of this process on redshift and mass of the dark matter halo.
The occurrence of earthquakes is characterized by a high degree of spatiotemporal complexity. Although numerous patterns, e.g. fore- and aftershock sequences, are well-known, the underlying mechanisms are not observable and thus not understood. Because the recurrence times of large earthquakes are usually decades or centuries, the number of such events in corresponding data sets is too small to draw conclusions with reasonable statistical significance. Therefore, the present study combines both, numerical modeling and analysis of real data in order to unveil the relationships between physical mechanisms and observational quantities. The key hypothesis is the validity of the so-called "critical point concept" for earthquakes, which assumes large earthquakes to occur as phase transitions in a spatially extended many-particle system, similar to percolation models. New concepts are developed to detect critical states in simulated and in natural data sets. The results indicate that important features of seismicity like the frequency-size distribution and the temporal clustering of earthquakes depend on frictional and structural fault parameters. In particular, the degree of quenched spatial disorder (the "roughness") of a fault zone determines whether large earthquakes occur quasiperiodically or more clustered. This illustrates the power of numerical models in order to identify regions in parameter space, which are relevant for natural seismicity. The critical point concept is verified for both, synthetic and natural seismicity, in terms of a critical state which precedes a large earthquake: a gradual roughening of the (unobservable) stress field leads to a scale-free (observable) frequency-size distribution. Furthermore, the growth of the spatial correlation length and the acceleration of the seismic energy release prior to large events is found. The predictive power of these precursors is, however, limited. Instead of forecasting time, location, and magnitude of individual events, a contribution to a broad multiparameter approach is encouraging.
Stars are born in turbulent molecular clouds that fragment and collapse under the influence of their own gravity, forming a cluster of hundred or more stars. The star formation process is controlled by the interplay between supersonic turbulence and gravity. In this work, the properties of stellar clusters created by numerical simulations of gravoturbulent fragmentation are compared to those from observations. This includes the analysis of properties of individual protostars as well as statistical properties of the entire cluster. It is demonstrated that protostellar mass accretion is a highly dynamical and time-variant process. The peak accretion rate is reached shortly after the formation of the protostellar core. It is about one order of magnitude higher than the constant accretion rate predicted by the collapse of a classical singular isothermal sphere, in agreement with the observations. For a more reasonable comparison, the model accretion rates are converted to the observables bolometric temperature, bolometric luminosity, and envelope mass. The accretion rates from the simulations are used as input for an evolutionary scheme. The resulting distribution in the Tbol-Lbol-Menv parameter space is then compared to observational data by means of a 3D Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The highest probability found that the distributions of model tracks and observational data points are drawn from the same population is 70%. The ratios of objects belonging to different evolutionary classes in observed star-forming clusters are compared to the temporal evolution of the gravoturbulent models in order to estimate the evolutionary stage of a cluster. While it is difficult to estimate absolute ages, the realtive numbers of young stars reveal the evolutionary status of a cluster with respect to other clusters. The sequence shows Serpens as the youngest and IC 348 as the most evolved of the investigated clusters. Finally the structures of young star clusters are investigated by applying different statistical methods like the normalised mean correlation length and the minimum spanning tree technique and by a newly defined measure for the cluster elongation. The clustering parameters of the model clusters correspond in many cases well to those from observed ones. The temporal evolution of the clustering parameters shows that the star cluster builds up from several subclusters and evolves to a more centrally concentrated cluster, while the cluster expands slower than new stars are formed.
This thesis studies strong, completely charged polyelectrolyte brushes. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations are performed on different polyelectrolyte brush systems using local compute servers and massively parallel supercomputers. The full Coulomb interaction of charged monomers, counterions, and salt ions is treated explicitly. The polymer chains are anchored by one of their ends to a uncharged planar surface. The chains are treated under good solvent conditions. Monovalent salt ions (1:1 type) are modelled same as counterions. The studies concentrate on three different brush systems at constant temperature and moderate Coulomb interaction strength (Bjerrum length equal to bond length): The first system consists of a single polyelectrolyte brush anchored with varying grafting density to a plane. Results show that chains are extended up to about 2/3 of their contour length. The brush thickness slightly grows with increasing anchoring density. This slight dependence of the brush height on grafting density is in contrast to the well known scaling result for the osmotic brush regime. That is why the result obtained by simulations has stimulated further development of theory as well as new experimental investigations on polyelectrolyte brushes. This observation can be understood on a semi-quantitative level using a simple scaling model that incorporates excluded volume effects in a free-volume formulation where an effective cross section is assigned to the polymer chain from where couterions are excluded. The resulting regime is called nonlinear osmotic brush regime. Recently this regime was also obtained in experiments. The second system studied consists of polyelectrolyte brushes with added salt in the nonlinear osmotic regime. Varying salt is an important parameter to tune the structure and properties of polyelectrolytes. Further motivation is due to a theoretical scaling prediction by Pincus for the salt dependence of brush thickness. In the high salt limit (salt concentration much larger than counterion concentration) the brush height is predicted to decrease with increasing external salt, but with a relatively weak power law showing an exponent -1/3. There is some experimental and theoretical work that confirms this prediction, but there are other results that are in contradiction. In such a situation simulations are performed to validate the theoretical prediction. The simulation result shows that brush thickness decreases with added salt, and indeed is in quite good agreement with the scaling prediction by Pincus. The relation between buffer concentration and the effective ion strength inside the brush at varying salt concentration is of interest both from theoretical as well as experimental point of view. The simulation result shows that mobile ions (counterions as well as salt) distribute nonhomogeneously inside and outside of the brush. To explain the relation between the internal ion concentration with the buffer concentration a Donnan equilibrium approach is employed. Modifying the Donnan approach by taking into account the self-volume of polyelectrolyte chains as indicated above, the simulation result can be explained using the same effective cross section for the polymer chains. The extended Donnan equilibrium relation represents a interesting theoretical prediction that should be checked by experimental data. The third system consist of two interacting polyelectrolyte brushes that are grafted to two parallel surfaces. The interactions between brushes are important, for instance, in stabilization of dispersions against flocculation. In the simulations pressure is evaluated as a function of separation D between the two grafting planes. The pressure behavior shows different regimes for decreasing separation. This behavior is in qualitative agreement with experimental data. At relatively weak compression the pressure behavior obtained in the simulation agrees with a 1/D power law predicted by scaling theory. Beyond that the present study could supply new insight for understanding the interaction between polyelectrolyte brushes.
Investigation of tropospheric arctic aerosol and mixed-phase clouds using airborne lidar technique
(2005)
An Airborne Mobile Aerosol Lidar (AMALi) was constructed and built at Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) in Potsdam, Germany for the lower tropospheric aerosol and cloud research under tough arctic conditions. The system was successfully used during two AWI airborne field campaigns, ASTAR 2004 and SVALEX 2005, performed in vicinity of Spitsbergen in the Arctic. The novel evaluation schemes, the Two-Stream Inversion and the Iterative Airborne Inversion, were applied to the obtained lidar data. Thereby, calculation of the particle extinction and backscatter coefficient profiles with corresponding lidar ratio profiles characteristic for the arctic air was possible. The comparison of these lidar results with the results of other in-situ and remote instrumentation (ground based Koldewey Aerosol Raman Lidar (KARL), sunphotometer, radiosounding, satellite imagery) allowed to provided clean contra polluted (Arctic Haze) characteristics of the arctic aerosols. Moreover, the data interpretation by means of the ECMWF Operational Analyses and small-scale dispersion model EULAG allowed studying the effects of the Spitsbergens orography on the aerosol load in the Planetary Boundary Layer. With respect to the cloud studies a new methodology of alternated remote AMALi measurements with the airborne in-situ cloud optical and microphysical parameters measurements was proved feasible for the low density mixed-phase cloud studies. An example of such approach during observation of the natural cloud seeding (feeder-seeder phenomenon) with ice crystals precipitating into the lower supercooled stratocumulus deck were discussed in terms of the lidar signal intensity profiles and corresponding depolarisation ratio profiles. For parts of the cloud system characterised by almost negligible multiple scattering the calculation of the particle backscatter coefficient profiles was possible using the lidar ratio information obtained from the in-situ measurements in ice-crystal cloud and water cloud.
Bestimmung von Ozonabbauraten über der Arktis und Antarktis mittels Ozonsonden- und Satellitendaten
(2005)
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der chemischen Ozonzerstörung im arktischen und antarktischen stratosphärischen Polarwirbel. Diese wird durch Abbauprodukte von anthropogen emittierten Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffen und Halonen, Chlor- und Bromradikale, verursacht. Studien in denen der gemessene und modellierte Ozonabbau verglichen wird zeigen, dass die Prozeße bekannt sind, der quantitative Verlauf allerdings nicht vollständig verstanden ist. Die Prozesse, die zur Ozonzerstörung führen sind in beiden Polarwirbeln ähnlich. Allerdings fällt als Konsequenz unterschiedlicher meteorologischer Bedingungen der chemische Ozonabbau im arktischen Polarwirbel weniger drastisch aus als über der Antarktis. Der arktische Polarwirbel ist im Mittel stärker dynamisch gestört als der antarktische und weist eine stärkere Jahr-zu-Jahr Variabilität auf. Das erschwert die Messung des chemischen Ozonabbaus. Zur Trennung des chemischen Ozonabbaus von der dynamischen Umverteilung des Ozons im arktischen Polarwirbel wurde die Matchmethode entwickelt. Bei dieser Methode werden Luftpakete innerhalb des Polarwirbels mehrfach beprobt, um den chemischen Anteil der Ozonänderung zu quantifizieren. Zur Identifizierung von doppelt beprobten Luftpaketen werden Trajektorien aus Windfeldern berechnet. Können zwei Messungen im Rahmen bestimmter Qualitätskriterien durch eine Trajektorie verbunden werden, kann die Ozondifferenz zwischen beiden Sondierungen berechnet und als chemischer Ozonabbau interpretiert werden. Eine solche Koinzidenz wird Match genannt. Der Matchmethode liegt ein statistischer Ansatz zugrunde, so dass eine Vielzahl solcher doppelt beprobter Luftmassen vorliegen muss, um gesicherte Aussagen über die Ozonzerstörung gewinnen zu können. So erhält man die Ozonzerstörung in einem bestimmten Zeitintervall, also Ozonabbauraten. Um die Anzahl an doppelt beprobten Luftpackten zu erhöhen wurde eine aktive Koordinierung der Ozonsondenaufstiege entwickelt. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Matchkampagnen während des arktischen Winters 2002/2003 und zum ersten Mal während eines antarktischen Winter (2003) durchgeführt. Aus den gewonnenen Daten wurden Ozonabbauraten in beiden Polarwirbeln bestimmt. Diese Abbauraten dienen zum einen der Evaluierung von Modellen, ermöglichen aber auch den direkten Vergleich von Ozonabbauraten in beiden Polarwirbeln. Der Winter 2002/2003 war zu Beginn durch sehr tiefe Temperaturen in der mittleren und unteren Stratosphäre charakterisiert, so dass die Matchkampagne Ende November gestartet wurde. Ab Januar war der Polarwirbel zeitweise stark dynamisch gestört. Die Kampagne ging bis Mitte März. Für den Höhenbereich von 400 bis 550 K potentieller Temperatur (15-23 km) konnten Ozonabbauraten und der Verlust in der Gesamtsäule berechnet werden. Die Ozonabbauraten wurden in verschiedenen Tests auf ihre Stabilität überprüft. Der antarktische Polarwirbel war vom Beginn des Winters bis Mitte Oktober 2003 sehr kalt und stellte Ende September kurzzeitig den Rekord für die größte bisher aufgetretene Ozonloch-Fläche ein. Es konnten für den Kampagnenzeitraum, Anfang Juni bis Anfang Oktober, Ozonabbauraten im Höhenbereich von 400 bis 550 K potentieller Temperatur ermittelt werden. Der zeitliche Verlauf des Ozonabbaus war dabei auf fast allen Höhenniveaus identisch. Die Zunahme des Sonnenlichtes im Polarwirbel mit der Zeit führt zu einem starken Anwachsen der Ozonabbauraten. Ab Mitte September gingen die Ozonabbauraten auf Null zurück, da bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt das gesamte Ozon zwischen ca. 14 und 21 km zerstört wurde. Im letzten Teil der Arbeit wird ein neuer Algorithmus auf Basis der multivariaten Regression vorgestellt, mit dem Ozonabbauraten aus Ozonprofilen verschiedener Sensoren gleichzeitig berechnet werden können. Dabei können neben der Ozonabbaurate die systematischen Fehler zwischen den einzelnen Sensoren bestimmt werden. Dies wurde exemplarisch am antarktischen Winter 2003 für das 475 K potentielle Temperatur Niveau gezeigt. Neben den Ozonprofilen der Sonden wurden Daten von zwei Satellitenexperimenten verwendet. Die mit der multivariaten Matchtechnik berechneten Ozonabbauraten stimmen gut mit den Ozonabbauraten der Einzelsensor-Matchansätze überein.
Am Beispiel der Orgelpfeife wurde der Einfluss der Wandungsgeometrie des akustischen Wellenleiters auf die Schallabstrahlung untersucht. Für verschiedene Metalllegierungen wurden unterschiedliche Profile der Orgelpfeifenwandung verglichen: ein konisches Wandungsprofil mit zur Mündung hin abnehmender Wandungsstärke und ein paralleles Wandungsprofil mit konstanter Wandungsstärke. Für eine hohe statistische Sicherheit der Ergebnisse wurden sämtliche Untersuchungen an vier mal zehn Testpfeifen durchgeführt. Mit Ausnahme der beschriebenen Unterschiede sind die Pfeifen von gleichen Abmessungen und auf gleichen Klang intoniert. Die Überprüfung der Wandungseinflüsse auf den Klang besteht aus drei verschiedenen Untersuchungen: Erstens, einer subjektiven Hinterfragung der Wahrnehmbarkeit in einem Hörtest. Zweitens wurde der abgestrahlte Luftschall objektiv gemessen und das Spektrum der Pfeifen in seinen Komponenten (Teiltöne, Grundfrequenz) verglichen. Drittens wurde mit einer neuartigen Messtechnik die Oszillation des Pfeifenkörpers (ein einem akustischen Monopol entsprechendes "Atmen" des Querschnitts) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Wahrnehmbarkeit unterschiedlicher Wandungsprofile als auch klare objektive Differenzen zwischen den emittierten Schallspektren. Ein Atmen mit guter Korrelation zur inneren Druckanregung bestätigt den Einfluss wandungsprofilabhängiger Oszillationen auf den Klang der Orgelpfeife. Schließlich wurde die Interaktion zweier in Abstand und Grundfrequenz nah beieinander liegender Orgelpfeifen überprüft. Als Ursache des dabei wahrnehmbaren Oktavsprung des Orgeltons konnte eine gegenphasiger Oszillation des Grundtons beider Pfeifen nachgewiesen werden.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde ein besseres Verständnis der Kopplung der Troposphäre und der Stratosphäre in den mittleren und polaren Breiten der Nordhemisphäre (NH) auf Monatszeitskalen erzielt, die auf die Ausbreitung von quasi-stationären Wellen zurückzuführen ist. Der Schwerpunkt lag dabei auf den dynamisch aktiven Wintermonaten, welche die grösste Variabilität aufweisen. Die troposphärische Variabilität wird zum Grossteil durch bevorzugte Zirkulationsstrukturen, den Telekonnexionsmustern, bestimmt. Mittels einer rotierten EOF-Analyse der geopotenziellen Höhe in 500 hPa wurden die wichtigsten regionalen troposphärischen Telekonnexionsmuster der Nordhemisphäre berechnet. Diese lassen sich drei grossen geografischen Regionen zuordnen; dem nordatlantisch-europäischen Raum, Eurasien und dem pazifisch-nordamerikanischen Raum. Da es sich um die stärksten troposphärischen Variabilitätsmuster handelt, wurden sie als grundlegende troposphärische Grössen herangezogen, um dynamische Zusammenhänge zwischen der troposphärischen und der stratosphärischen Zirkulation zu untersuchen. Dabei wurde anhand von instantanen und zeitverzögerten Korrelationsanalysen der troposphärischen Muster mit stratosphärischen Variablen erstmalig gezeigt, dass unterschiedliche regionale troposphärische Telekonnexionsmuster unterschiedliche Auswirkungen auf die stratosphärische Zirkulation haben. Es ergaben sich für die pazifisch-nordamerikanischen Muster signifikante instantane Korrelationen mit quasi-barotropen Musterstrukturen und für die nordatlantisch-europäischen Muster zonalsymmetrische Ringstrukturen ab 1978 mit signifikanten Korrelationswerten über tropischen und subtropischen Breiten und inversen Korrelationswerten über polaren Gebieten. Bei einer Untersuchung des Einflusses der stratosphärischen Variabilität wurde gezeigt, dass sich die stärkste Kopplung von nordatlantisch-europäischen Telekonnexionsmustern mit der stratosphärischen Zirkulation bei einem in Richtung Europa verschobenen Polarwirbel ergibt, wodurch die signifikanten Korrelationen ab 1978 erklärt werden können. Eine zonal gemittelte und vor allem lokale Untersuchung der Wellenausbreitungsbedingungen während dieser stratosphärischen Situation zeigt, dass es zu schwächeren Windgeschwindigkeiten in der Stratosphäre im Bereich von Nordamerika und des westlichen Nordatlantiks kommt und sich dadurch die Wellenausbreitungsbedingungen in diesem geografischen Bereich für planetare Wellen verbessern. Durch die stärkere Wellenausbreitung kommt es zu einer stärkeren Wechselwirkung mit dem Polarjet, wobei dieser abgebremst wird. Diese Abbremsung führt zu einer Verstärkung der meridionalen Residualzirkulation. D. h., wenn es zu einer verstärkten Wellenanregung im Nordatlantik und über Europa kommt, ist die Reaktion der Residualzirkulation bei einem nach Europa verschobenem Polarwirbel besonders stark. Die quasi-barotropen Korrelationsstrukturen, die sich bei den pazifisch-nordamerikanischen Mustern zeigen, weisen aufgrund von abnehmenden Störungsamplituden mit zunehmender Höhe, keiner Westwärtsneigung und einem negativen Brechungsindex im Pazifik auf verschwindende Wellen hin, die als Lösung der Wellengleichung bei negativem Brechungsindex auftreten. Dies wird durch den Polarjet, der im Bereich des Pazifiks stets sehr weit in Richtung Norden verlagert ist, verursacht. Abschliessend wurde in dieser Arbeit untersucht, ob die gefundenen Zusammenhänge von nordatlantisch-europäischen Telekonnexionsmustern mit der stratosphärischen Zirkulation auch von einem Atmosphärenmodell wiedergegeben werden können. Dazu wurde ein transienter 40-Jahre-Klimalauf des ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM Modells mit möglichst realistischen Antrieben erstmalig auf die Kopplung der Troposphäre und der Stratosphäre analysiert. Dabei konnten sowohl die troposphärischen, als auch die stratosphärischen Variabilitätsmuster vom Modell simuliert werden. Allerdings zeigen sich in den stratosphärischen Mustern Phasenverschiebungen in den Wellenzahl-1-Strukturen und ihre Zeitreihen weisen keinen signifikanten Trend ab 1978 auf. Die Kopplung der nordatlantisch-europäischen Telekonnexionsmuster mit der stratosphärischen Zirkulation zeigt eine wesentlich schwächere Reaktion der meridionalen Residualzirkulation. Somit stellte sich heraus, dass insbesondere die stratosphärische Zirkulation im Modell starke Diskrepanzen zu den Beobachtungen zeigt, die wiederum Einfluss auf die Wellenausbreitungsbedingungen haben. Es wird damit deutlich, dass für eine richtige Wiedergabe der Wellenausbreitung und somit der Kopplung der Troposphäre und Stratosphäre die stratosphärische Zirkulation eine wichtige Rolle spielt.
This work explores the equilibrium structure and thermodynamic phase behavior of complexes formed by charged polymer chains (polyelectrolytes) and oppositely charged spheres (macroions). Polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes form a common pattern in soft-matter physics, chemistry and biology, and enter in numerous technological applications as well. From a fundamental point of view, such complexes are interesting in that they combine the subtle interplay between electrostatic interactions and elastic as well as entropic effects due to conformational changes of the polymer chain, giving rise to a wide range of structural properties. This forms the central theme of theoretical studies presented in this thesis, which concentrate on a number of different problems involving strongly coupled complexes, i.e. complexes that are characterized by a large adsorption energy and small chain fluctuations. In the first part, a global analysis of the structural phase behavior of a single polyelectrolyte-macroion complex is presented based on a dimensionless representation, yielding results that cover a wide range of realistic system parameters. Emphasize is made on the interplay between the effects due to the polyelectrolytes chain length, salt concentration and the macroion charge as well as the mechanical chain persistence length. The results are summarized into generic phase diagrams characterizing the wrapping-dewrapping behavior of a polyelectrolyte chain on a macroion. A fully wrapped chain state is typically obtained at intermediate salt concentrations and chain lengths, where the amount of polyelectrolyte charge adsorbed on the macroion typically exceeds the bare macroion charge leading thus to a highly overcharged complex. Perhaps the most striking features occur when a single long polyelectrolyte chain is complexed with many oppositely charged spheres. In biology, such complexes form between DNA (which carries the cell's genetic information) and small oppositely charged histone proteins serving as an efficient mechanism for packing a huge amount of DNA into the micron-size cell nucleus in eucaryotic cells. The resultant complex fiber, known as the chromatin fiber, appears with a diameter of 30~nm under physiological conditions. Recent experiments indicate a zig-zag spatial arrangement for individual DNA-histone complexes (nucleosome core particles) along the chromatin fiber. A numerical method is introduced in this thesis based on a simple generic chain-sphere cell model that enables one to investigate the mechanism of fiber formation on a systematic level by incorporating electrostatic and elastic contributions. As will be shown, stable complex fibers exhibit an impressive variety of structures including zig-zag, solenoidal and beads-on-a-string patterns, depending on system parameters such as salt concentration, sphere charge as well as the chain contour length (per sphere). The present results predict fibers of compact zig-zag structure within the physiologically relevant regime with a diameter of about 30~nm, when DNA-histone parameters are adopted. In the next part, a numerical method is developed in order to investigate the role of thermal fluctuations on the structure and thermodynamic phase behavior of polyelectrolyte-macroion complexes. This is based on a saddle-point approximation, which allows to describe the experimentally observed reaction (or complexation) equilibrium in a dilute solution of polyelectrolytes and macroions on a systematic level. This equilibrium is determined by the entropy loss a single polyelectrolyte chain suffers as it binds to an oppositely charged macroion. This latter quantity can be calculated from the spectrum of polyelectrolyte fluctuations around a macroion, which is determined by means of a normal-mode analysis. Thereby, a stability phase diagram is obtained, which exhibits qualitative agreement with experimental findings. At elevated complex concentrations, one needs to account for the inter-complex interactions as well. It will be shown that at small separations, complexes undergo structural changes in such a way that positive patches from one complex match up with negative patches on the other. Furthermore, one of the polyelectrolyte chains may bridge between the two complexes. These mechanisms lead to a strong inter-complex attraction. As a result, the second virial coefficient associated with the inter-complex interaction becomes negative at intermediate salt concentrations in qualitative agreement with recent experiments on solutions of nucleosome core particles.