320 Politikwissenschaft
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (364)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (169)
- Part of a Book (97)
- Doctoral Thesis (56)
- Postprint (32)
- Master's Thesis (25)
- Review (19)
- Other (13)
- Part of Periodical (6)
- Journal/Publication series (4)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (796) (remove)
Keywords
- Germany (22)
- Deutschland (18)
- European Union (14)
- Klimapolitik (13)
- Nachhaltigkeit (13)
- climate policy (13)
- Armut (12)
- Climate Change Conference (12)
- Durban 2011 (12)
- Entwicklungspolitik (12)
- Klima (12)
- Klimakonferenz (12)
- NGO (12)
- climate (12)
- development policy (12)
- Grundsicherung (11)
- Integration (11)
- Ressourcen (11)
- Europäische Union (10)
- democracy (9)
- Migration (8)
- parliamentary government (8)
- Polen (7)
- authoritarianism (7)
- international organizations (7)
- presidential government (7)
- Autoritarismus (6)
- Außenpolitik (6)
- Iran (6)
- bicameralism (6)
- governance (6)
- Demokratie (5)
- EU (5)
- Föderalismus (5)
- Poland (5)
- Security Council (5)
- Verwaltung (5)
- decision-making (5)
- innovation (5)
- opposition (5)
- semi-parliamentary government (5)
- Demokratisierung (4)
- Europa (4)
- Governance (4)
- Internationale Politik (4)
- Opposition (4)
- Political Science (4)
- Politik (4)
- Politikunterricht (4)
- Politikwissenschaft (4)
- Transformation (4)
- Vereinte Nationen (4)
- World Bank (4)
- Zivilgesellschaft (4)
- decentralization (4)
- digitalization (4)
- international organisations (4)
- policy (4)
- visions of democracy (4)
- Africa (3)
- Afrika (3)
- Belgien (3)
- Belgium (3)
- Brandenburg (3)
- Coordination (3)
- DDR (3)
- Dezentralisierung (3)
- Europe (3)
- European Neighbourhood Policy (3)
- Europäische Integration (3)
- Foreign Policy (3)
- France (3)
- Frankreich (3)
- Geopolitics (3)
- Geopolitik (3)
- International Politics (3)
- Komparatistik (3)
- Lateinamerika (3)
- Mehrebenensystem (3)
- Menschenrechte (3)
- Middle East (3)
- Naher Osten (3)
- Partizipation (3)
- Politische Theorie (3)
- Politisches System (3)
- Umweltpolitik (3)
- United Nations (3)
- Vergangenheitsbewältigung (3)
- civil society (3)
- civil war (3)
- climate change (3)
- comparative studies (3)
- contestation (3)
- democratic theory (3)
- democratization (3)
- evaluation (3)
- executive personalism (3)
- human rights (3)
- institutional design (3)
- institutions (3)
- policy analysis (3)
- political education (3)
- political elites (3)
- political equality (3)
- politische Eliten (3)
- power (3)
- public administration (3)
- resilience (3)
- separation of powers (3)
- territorial reforms (3)
- terrorism (3)
- transitional justice (3)
- value change (3)
- Administration (2)
- Afghanistan (2)
- Allemagne (2)
- Antisemitismus (2)
- Apartheid (2)
- Australia (2)
- Bürgerbeteiligung (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Central Asia (2)
- China (2)
- Comparative Public Administration (2)
- Demokratietheorie (2)
- Deutsche Außenpolitik (2)
- Diplomatie (2)
- Energiewende (2)
- Estonia (2)
- Eurobarometer (2)
- European integration (2)
- Europäische Nachbarschaftspolitik (2)
- Europäisierung (2)
- Executive-legislative relations (2)
- Federalism (2)
- Ferdinand von Schirach (2)
- Financial Crisis (2)
- Finanzkrise (2)
- GDR (2)
- GIZ (2)
- Gender (2)
- Gesetzgebung (2)
- Holocaust (2)
- Human Rights (2)
- Innovation (2)
- International (2)
- International Financial Institutions (2)
- International Relations (2)
- Israel (2)
- Kenia (2)
- Kenya (2)
- Klimaanpassung (2)
- Klimawandel (2)
- Koordinierung (2)
- Korruption (2)
- Kosovo (2)
- Krise (2)
- Latin America (2)
- Legislative organisation (2)
- Liberia (2)
- Local authorities (2)
- Medien (2)
- Mexiko (2)
- Modellierung (2)
- Neoliberalismus (2)
- Palestine (2)
- Paris Agreement (2)
- Parlamentarismus (2)
- Political System (2)
- Political Theory (2)
- Politikberatung (2)
- Politische Bildung (2)
- Quality management (2)
- REDD (2)
- Real Socialism (2)
- Realsozialismus (2)
- Rechenschaftspflicht (2)
- Rechtsextremismus (2)
- Rechtsradikalismus (2)
- Reform (2)
- Regulierung (2)
- Rohstoffpolitik (2)
- Sanktionen (2)
- Sicherheit (2)
- Sicherheitspolitik (2)
- Sierra Leone (2)
- South Africa (2)
- Soviet Union (2)
- Sowjetunion (2)
- Sozialpolitik (2)
- Staat (2)
- Stadtverordnetenversammlung (2)
- State (2)
- Sudan (2)
- Südafrika (2)
- TRC (2)
- Telekommunikation (2)
- Truth- and Reconciliation Commission (2)
- USA (2)
- Ukraine (2)
- Verwaltungsmodernisierung (2)
- Verwaltungsreform (2)
- Wahrheits- und Versöhnungs Kommission (2)
- Wasser (2)
- Zentralasien (2)
- accountability (2)
- administration (2)
- administrative reforms (2)
- aid effectiveness (2)
- authority (2)
- bias (2)
- borders (2)
- capacity (2)
- climate mitigation (2)
- collective memory (2)
- committee governance (2)
- constitutional design (2)
- cooperation (2)
- counterterrorism (2)
- crisis (2)
- debt (2)
- digitalisation (2)
- discourse (2)
- drug control (2)
- electoral systems (2)
- environmental policy (2)
- expert authority (2)
- expertise (2)
- federalism (2)
- food security governance (2)
- globalization (2)
- higher education (2)
- history (2)
- institutional complexity (2)
- institutional interplay (2)
- inter-organizational order (2)
- inter-organizational relations (2)
- international (2)
- international bureaucracies (2)
- international law (2)
- international legal order (2)
- international public administration (2)
- international relations (2)
- job demands-resources model (2)
- land management (2)
- legal change (2)
- local government (2)
- lokale Behörden (2)
- metamorphosis of international law (2)
- multi-level study (2)
- narratives (2)
- natural climate solutions (2)
- new public management (2)
- norm change (2)
- organizational fields (2)
- parliamentarism (2)
- parliamentary opposition (2)
- participation (2)
- parties (2)
- patterns of democracy (2)
- peace process (2)
- peacekeeping (2)
- policy advice (2)
- policy-making (2)
- presidentialism (2)
- process tracing (2)
- protection (2)
- public management (2)
- reform (2)
- research communication (2)
- restoration (2)
- skills (2)
- societal impact of research (2)
- sustainable economy (2)
- telework (2)
- veto players (2)
- violence (2)
- wicked problems (2)
- work-place behavior (2)
- (Justiz-) Roman (1)
- (post) new public management (1)
- 1848/49 revolution (1)
- 2 degrees C target (1)
- 3C (1)
- AKP (1)
- Abendland (1)
- Abrüstung (1)
- Absolute Advantage (1)
- Absoluter Kostenvorteil (1)
- Accountability (1)
- Active learning (1)
- Adam Smith (1)
- Administrative reform (1)
- Adoption (1)
- Affiliationsnetzwerke (1)
- African American literature (1)
- African Union (1)
- Afrikanische Union (1)
- Agrarsektor/Estland (1)
- Aid conditionalities (1)
- Air pollution (1)
- Akteursinteraktion (1)
- Al-Qaida (1)
- Alternative Bildung (1)
- Anpassungsmaßnahmen (1)
- Anti-Imperialismus (1)
- Antisemitism (1)
- Arabic Spring (1)
- Arabischer Frühling (1)
- Arbeitsmarkt (1)
- Arbeitsmarktpolitik (1)
- Argentina (1)
- Artefakte (1)
- Atomwaffen (1)
- Atomwaffensperrvertrag (1)
- Aufsatzsammlung (1)
- Augmented reality (1)
- Ausländerbehörde (1)
- Ausschüsse (1)
- Australian bicameralism (1)
- Autocratic regimes (1)
- Autokratie (1)
- Autokratische Regime (1)
- Außenhandel (1)
- BRD (1)
- Baskenland (1)
- Basque Region (1)
- Begrünung (1)
- Behördenrufnummer D115 (1)
- Belastung (1)
- Benchmarking (1)
- Bergbau (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Berliner Mauer (1)
- Beschaffungswesen (1)
- Beteiligung (1)
- Beutelsbach consensus (1)
- Beutelsbacher Konsens (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Brasilien (1)
- Brazil (1)
- Buenos Aires (1)
- Bulgarien (1)
- Bundesländer (1)
- Bundeswehr (1)
- Bürgerschaft (1)
- CDM (1)
- CEE (1)
- CESCR Committee (1)
- CPPS (1)
- CPS (1)
- Cabinet (1)
- Cambodia (1)
- Campaign finance (1)
- Carl Schmitt (1)
- Case studies (1)
- Catalonia (1)
- Catholicism (1)
- Caudillismo (1)
- Centrope-Region (1)
- Changing nature of armed conflict (1)
- Character (1)
- Circular argumentation (1)
- Cities (1)
- Civic Education (1)
- Civil service career (1)
- Civil society (1)
- Climate adaptation (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Climate change adaptation (1)
- Climate governance (1)
- Cluster (1)
- Clusterpolitik (1)
- Colombia (1)
- Communication (1)
- Comparative Advantage (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Conflict Management (1)
- Conflicts (1)
- Conseil de sécurité (1)
- Consejo de Seguridad (1)
- Consolidation (1)
- Constitutive Mechanism (1)
- Coordination structures (1)
- Corruption (1)
- Corruption risks (1)
- Counterterrorism (1)
- Country experience (1)
- Daten (1)
- Decarbonisation (1)
- Decentralization in government (1)
- Decision Probability (1)
- Decoloniale Theorie (1)
- Dekarbonisierung (1)
- Democracy (1)
- Democracy Promotion (1)
- Democratisation (1)
- Demokratieförderung (1)
- Der Fall Collini (1)
- Design Thinking (1)
- Deutsch-Ostafrika (1)
- Deutsch-polnische Beziehungen (1)
- Deutsche Entwicklungspolitik (1)
- Development aid (1)
- Development aid End of history (1)
- Development aid criticism (1)
- Development cooperation (1)
- Dezentralisation (1)
- Dicranopteris linearis (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Digitalwirtschaft (1)
- Disarmament (1)
- Diskursanalyse (1)
- Durchsetzung (1)
- E-Government (1)
- EU Enlargement (1)
- EU external borders (1)
- EU regional policy (1)
- EU-Außengrenzen (1)
- EU-Beitrittsprozeß (1)
- EU-Erweiterung (1)
- EU-Integration (1)
- EU-Regionalpolitik (1)
- East Germany (1)
- Eastern Europe (1)
- Economic policy (1)
- Economy (1)
- Edikt (1)
- Edouard Glissant (1)
- Education (1)
- Effektivität (1)
- Egalitarismus (1)
- Einkommen (1)
- Einkommensverteilung (1)
- Electoral systems (1)
- Elite (1)
- Energiepolitk (1)
- Energiesysteme (1)
- Energiewirtschaft (1)
- Energy Economics (1)
- Enforcement (1)
- Entwicklung und Sicherheit (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit mit Indien (1)
- Environmental Policy (1)
- Equal opportunities (1)
- Erdogan (1)
- Erneuerbare Energie (1)
- Ernsthaftigkeit (1)
- Erweiterung (1)
- Erzählungen, (1)
- Estland (1)
- Eurasian Economic Union (1)
- Eurocentrism (1)
- Europa 2020 (1)
- Europe 2020 (1)
- European Commission (1)
- European Constitution (1)
- European Foreign Policy (1)
- European Green Deal (1)
- European Immigration Policies (1)
- European Integration (1)
- European Parliament (1)
- European constitutional treaty (1)
- Europeanization (1)
- Europäische Außenpolitik (1)
- Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention (4. November 1950) (1)
- Europäisches Parlament (1)
- Evaluierung (1)
- Evidence-based policy making (1)
- Evolutionary economics (1)
- Evolutorische Ökonomik (1)
- Existentialismus (1)
- Expert Authority (1)
- Expertenautorität (1)
- Extreme weather (1)
- Federal administration (1)
- Feministische Philosophie (1)
- Festschrift (1)
- Finanzrisiken (1)
- Flucht (1)
- Flüchtlingskrise (1)
- Folter (1)
- Foreign policy (1)
- Forms of government (1)
- Forschungsmethoden (1)
- Foucault (1)
- Fraktion (1)
- Frame-Analyse (1)
- France Allemagne (1)
- Franco (1)
- Franco-Prussian War (1)
- Frankreich Deutschland (1)
- Frauenbewegung (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- Friede (1)
- Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (1)
- Friedensforschung (1)
- Friedensprozess (1)
- Friedenssicherung (1)
- Föderalstaat (1)
- GREVIO (1)
- Game (1)
- Geberharmonisierung (1)
- Gemeindem (1)
- Gemeinden (1)
- Generalized knowledge constructin axiom (1)
- Geneva convention of 1864 (1)
- Georgian Republic (1)
- Georgien (1)
- Gerald Gaus (1)
- Gerechtigkeit (1)
- German development policy (1)
- German foreign policy (1)
- German science council (1)
- German women's movement (1)
- German-Polish Relationship (1)
- Geschichte (1)
- Geschichtswahrnehmung (1)
- Gewerkschaften (1)
- Ghana (1)
- Gleichgewicht der Kräfte (1)
- Gleichstellung (1)
- Global Environmental Governance (1)
- Global South (1)
- Global Zero (1)
- Global order (1)
- Global warming potential (1)
- Gobernanza de los Comités (1)
- Great Britain (1)
- Greece (1)
- Green infrastructure investment (1)
- Grenzen (1)
- Großbritannien (1)
- Grundlagen der Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Grundwerte (1)
- Gründungsberatung (1)
- Gründungsförderung (1)
- Gründungsunterstützung (1)
- HFCS (1)
- Haiti (1)
- Hamburg (1)
- Hanoi (1)
- Hart (1)
- Herrschaft (1)
- Hessen (1)
- Higher education (1)
- Hitze (1)
- Hochkommissariat für Menschenrechte (OHCHR) (1)
- Hochschulgründungen (1)
- Hochschulgründungsförderung (1)
- IB-Konstruktivismus (1)
- IHL (1)
- IHRL (1)
- ISIS (1)
- Identität (1)
- Ideologie (1)
- Impartiality (1)
- Income (1)
- Industry 4.0 (1)
- Infant mortality (1)
- Informal and formal (1)
- Informal reform (1)
- Informationsflüsse (1)
- Initiative „europäische Hochschulnetzwerke“ (1)
- Institution (1)
- Institutional change (1)
- Institutionelle Komplexität (1)
- Integration Policy (1)
- Integration strategy (1)
- Integrationspolitik (1)
- Integrationsstrategie (1)
- Interdisciplinary research (1)
- Interdisziplinarität (1)
- Interessen (1)
- International Bureaucracies (1)
- International Migration (1)
- International Monetary Fund (1)
- International Practices (1)
- International bureaucrats (1)
- International cooperation (1)
- International policy (1)
- International relations (1)
- International trade (1)
- Internationale Beziehungen (1)
- Internationale Migration (1)
- Internationalisierung (1)
- Internet of things (1)
- Investitionsverhalten (1)
- Investment Behavior (1)
- Irak (1)
- Iraq (1)
- Ironie (1)
- Islam (1)
- Islamism (1)
- Islamismus (1)
- Israeli-Palestinian conflict (1)
- Istanbul Convention (1)
- Jewish question (1)
- Jordan (1)
- Jordanien (1)
- Juden (1)
- Jugendkultur (1)
- Jugendliche (1)
- Kambodscha (1)
- Kapital (1)
- Kapitalismus (1)
- Katalonien (1)
- Kinder (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendbeirat (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendgremien (1)
- Kinder- und Jugendparlament (1)
- Kinderrechte (1)
- Kindersterblichkeit (1)
- Klassik (1)
- Klimagovernance (1)
- Klimakrise (1)
- Kolonialismus (1)
- Kolumbien (1)
- Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Kommune (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Komparativer Kostenvorteil (1)
- Kompetenzen (1)
- Konflikte (1)
- Konfliktmanagement (1)
- Kontext (1)
- Kontroversität (1)
- Kontroversitätsgebot (1)
- Koordination (1)
- Korruptionsrisiken (1)
- Kuba (1)
- Kultur (1)
- Kyrgyzstan (1)
- Labor supply (1)
- Ladder of Participation (1)
- Landscape planning (1)
- Landtag (1)
- Landtage (1)
- Landwehr (1)
- Landwirtschaftsverwaltung (1)
- Law and economics (1)
- Left parties (1)
- Leftism (1)
- Legislative process (1)
- Legislativer Konflikt (1)
- Legitimation strategies (1)
- Legitimationsstrategien (1)
- Liberalismus (1)
- Lieferkettengesetz (1)
- Lifetime income (1)
- Linke Parteien (1)
- Linksextremismus (1)
- Local Civil Society Networks (1)
- Local Governance (1)
- Local administrative systems (1)
- Local autonomy (1)
- Local government reform (1)
- Longitudinal and panel data (1)
- Louise Otto-Peters (1)
- Lucha antiterrorista (1)
- MOE (1)
- Macht (1)
- Management control (1)
- Managerial autonomy (1)
- Market Dynamics (1)
- Market failure (1)
- Markt (1)
- Marktdynamik (1)
- Marktversagen (1)
- Marktwirtschaft (1)
- Marokko (1)
- Max Weber (1)
- Mayoralty (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Measurement theory (1)
- Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (1)
- Media (1)
- Mediation (1)
- Mehrebenen-System (1)
- Mensch-Tier-Beziehung (1)
- Menschen- rechtserklärungen/-übereinkommen (1)
- Menschenrecht (1)
- Menschenrechtspolitik (1)
- Meta-model (1)
- Methane (1)
- Methoden (1)
- Methodenpluralismus (1)
- Methodological pluralism (1)
- Methods (1)
- Mexico (1)
- Middle-East Conflict (1)
- Migranten (1)
- Migrants (1)
- Migration Policy (1)
- Migrationspolitik (1)
- Mikropolitik (1)
- Military (1)
- Militär (1)
- Minderheiten (1)
- Minister (1)
- Ministerialverwaltung/Estland (1)
- Ministries (1)
- Missing rich (1)
- Mixed methods (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Modellstadt (1)
- Moderation (1)
- Moderne (1)
- Monetary Fund (1)
- Morocco (1)
- Multilevel system (1)
- Multilevel-Governance (1)
- Municipalities (1)
- NATO (1)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- Nachwuchsförderung (1)
- Nahostkonflikt (1)
- Narration (1)
- Narrationen (1)
- Narrative (1)
- Nation State (1)
- National Socialism (1)
- National state communication (1)
- Nationalsozialismus (1)
- Nationalstaat (1)
- Nazi Germany (1)
- Negotiation (1)
- Neo-institutionalismus (1)
- Neoliberalism (1)
- Neonazis (1)
- Netherlands (1)
- Netzwerkanalyse (1)
- Neue Bundesländer (1)
- Neutrality (1)
- New public management (1)
- Nicht-Beherrschung (1)
- Nicht-Gleichgewichtsökonomik (1)
- Nicht-ideale Theorie (1)
- Nichtstaatliche Organisation (1)
- Nichtverbreitung von Kernwaffen (1)
- Nigeria (1)
- Non-equilibrium economics (1)
- Nordrhein-Westfalen (1)
- Norm collisions (1)
- Nuclear Weapons (1)
- Nuclear non-proliferation (1)
- Nuklearwaffen (1)
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (1)
- Operation Euphrates Shield (1)
- Oranienburg (1)
- Organisation (1)
- Organisations (1)
- Organizational change (1)
- Organizational innovation (1)
- Orthodoxy (1)
- Osteuropa (1)
- Othering (1)
- P/CVE (1)
- Palästina (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Pareto distribution (1)
- Paris agreement (1)
- Parliamentary questions (1)
- Parteien (1)
- Parteiensystem (1)
- Partizipationsleiter (1)
- Peace Studies (1)
- Peace and Conflict Studies (1)
- Peacebuilding (1)
- Performance (1)
- Performance management (1)
- Permanent income (1)
- Philosophie (1)
- Philosophy (1)
- Piketty (1)
- Pilotmaßnahmen (1)
- Pluralismus (1)
- Policy (1)
- Policy Changes (1)
- Policy advice (1)
- Policy recommendations (1)
- Policymaking (1)
- Political Governance (1)
- Political civil servant (1)
- Political craft (1)
- Political economy Socio-economic development (1)
- Political establishment (1)
- Politicisation (1)
- Politikdiffusion (1)
- Politikempfehlungen (1)
- Politikfeldanalyse (1)
- Politiktransfer (1)
- Politikverdrossenheit (1)
- Politikänderungen (1)
- Politische Herrschaft (1)
- Polizeireform (1)
- Populism (1)
- Potassium (1)
- Potsdam (1)
- Potsdamer Stadtgeschichte (1)
- Potsdamer Toleranzedikt (1)
- Pragmatismus (1)
- Precedent (1)
- President Trump (1)
- Price floor (1)
- Price review (1)
- Privatwirtschaft (1)
- Proceso debido (1)
- Process modeling (1)
- Procurement (1)
- Professionalisierung (1)
- Professionalisierung der Stadträte (1)
- Progressive Education (1)
- Promoting young researchers (1)
- Protestantism (1)
- Prozessanalyse (1)
- Prozessexpertise (1)
- Prozessgestaltung (1)
- Präferenzen (1)
- Public Management (1)
- Public opinion (1)
- Public sector (1)
- Public-private partnerships (1)
- QCA (1)
- Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse (1)
- Qualität des Projektmanagements (1)
- Querfrontbildung (1)
- Raimund Krämer (1)
- Rankings (1)
- Ratchet Effect (1)
- Raumfahrtindustrie (1)
- Recht (1)
- Recht auf Bildung (1)
- Rechtserziehung (1)
- Rechtspopulismus (1)
- Rechtsstaat (1)
- Rechtsstaatlichkeit (1)
- Recipient performance (1)
- Reform des Öffentlichen Dienstes (1)
- Reformbedarf (1)
- Regierung (1)
- Regierungsfähigkeit (1)
- Regierungsstabilität (1)
- Regimewechsel in Lateinamerika (1)
- Regional states (1)
- Regionalism (1)
- Regionalismus (1)
- Regionalpolitik (1)
- Regulationstheorie (1)
- Reichtum (1)
- Religionsfreiheit (1)
- Renewable Energy (1)
- Reparationen (1)
- Reparations (1)
- Repräsentation (1)
- Republikanismus (1)
- Reputation der Geber (1)
- Research methods (1)
- Resilienz (1)
- Resource Politics (1)
- Responsibility to Protect (1)
- Revolution (1)
- Revolution 1848/49 (1)
- Rezension (1)
- Right to Education (1)
- Rights of Children (1)
- Rio Conventions (1)
- Risikoauferlegung (1)
- Risikokommunikation (1)
- Rockmusik (1)
- Rohstoffe (1)
- Russia (1)
- Sachsen-Anhalt (1)
- Sanciones de la ONU (1)
- Sanctions (1)
- Schulbuchanalyse (1)
- Schutztruppe (1)
- Schweden (1)
- Scientific Writing (1)
- Security council (1)
- Security council reform (1)
- Senegal (1)
- Senftenberg (1)
- Serene Khader (1)
- Short-lived climate pollutants (1)
- Sicherheitsrat (1)
- Simmel (1)
- Simulation process building (1)
- Simulations (1)
- Slovakia (1)
- Slowakei (1)
- Social Choice Theory (1)
- Social class (1)
- Social development (1)
- Soft Power (1)
- Solidarity (1)
- Solidarität (1)
- Somalia (1)
- Soziale Entwicklung (1)
- Soziale Gleichheit (1)
- Sozialer Status (1)
- Soziologie (1)
- Space (1)
- Spain (1)
- Stadtbürgerschaft (1)
- Stadtplanung (1)
- Stadtrat (1)
- Stakeholder (1)
- Starkregen (1)
- Start-up advice (1)
- Start-up funding (1)
- Start-up support (1)
- Stein's reform for city administration (1)
- Steinsche Städteordnung (1)
- Steuersystem (1)
- Storytelling (1)
- Strafgerichtsverfahren (1)
- Strukturfonds (1)
- Sub-Sahara Africa (1)
- Sub-national Autonomy (1)
- Supervision (1)
- Survey (1)
- Sustainability indicators (1)
- Sustainable Development (1)
- Sweden (1)
- Synergien (1)
- System Dynamics (1)
- System failure (1)
- Systemisches Risiko (1)
- Systemversagen (1)
- Szenario (1)
- Teilhabe der BürgerInnen (1)
- Terrorismus (1)
- The Collini Case (1)
- Toleranz (1)
- Trade Union (1)
- Transferablity (1)
- Transformationsforschung (1)
- Transitional Justice (1)
- Transnationale Demokratie (1)
- Transparenz (1)
- Trump phenomenon (1)
- Truth Commissions (1)
- Turkish military in Syria (1)
- Turkish politics (1)
- Twinning (1)
- Types of democracy (1)
- U.S. Armed Forces (1)
- UE (1)
- UN (1)
- UN Security Council (1)
- UN sanctions (1)
- UN-REDD (1)
- Ultimatum (1)
- Umweltperformanz (1)
- Ungleichheit (1)
- Union européenne (1)
- Universalismus (1)
- University start-up funding (1)
- University start-ups (1)
- Unterrichtskonzeption (1)
- Unterrichtsmedium (1)
- Use cases Morphologic box (1)
- Velayate Faqih (1)
- Verfahrensrecht (1)
- Verfassungsvertrag (1)
- Verflechtung (1)
- Vergangenheitspolitik (1)
- Verschwindenlassen (1)
- Versöhnung (1)
- Vertiefung (1)
- Verwaltungsreformen (1)
- Verwaltungswissenschaft (1)
- Veto Player (1)
- Vetopunkte (1)
- Vetospieler (1)
- Vietnamese (1)
- Vietnamesen (1)
- Völkerrecht (1)
- Wahl (1)
- Wahlkampffinanzierung (1)
- Wahrheitskommissionen (1)
- Wannsee conference (1)
- Wasserentwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Water (1)
- Weak and strong sustainability (1)
- Wealth distribution (1)
- Weber (1)
- Weberian bureaucracy (1)
- Weltordnung (1)
- Weltraum (1)
- Westerplatte (1)
- Wettbewerbsrecht (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- Winning Coalition (1)
- Wirksamkeit der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Wirtschaft (1)
- Wirtschaftspolitik (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wissenschaftliches Schreiben (1)
- Wissenschaftsrat (1)
- Wissensmanagement (1)
- Wissenssoziologie (1)
- Wissenstransfer (1)
- World War II (1)
- World order (1)
- Yiddish culturalism (1)
- Zapatisten (1)
- Zusammenarbeit in Sicherheitsfragen (1)
- Zweiter Weltkrieg (1)
- acteurs non-étatiques (1)
- active labor market policies (1)
- actor constellations (1)
- actor interplay (1)
- adapatation measures (1)
- administración pública (1)
- administration publique (1)
- advocacy coalitions (1)
- aerospace industry (1)
- affiliation networks (1)
- agency (1)
- agent-based modeling (1)
- agentes no estatales (1)
- agricultural policy (1)
- aid (1)
- aid allocation (1)
- al-Bab Battle (1)
- al-Qaeda (1)
- anniversary issue (1)
- anthropocene (1)
- application (1)
- artefacts (1)
- attitudes (1)
- authoritarian regimes (1)
- authoritarian resilience (1)
- authoritarian rule (1)
- autocracy (1)
- autoritäre Regime (1)
- balance of power (1)
- balancing (1)
- behavior (1)
- benefit systems (1)
- border regime (1)
- boundary spanning (1)
- bourgeoisie (1)
- bureaucraties internationales (1)
- burocracias internacionales (1)
- bürgerliches Frauenbild (1)
- candidates (1)
- capabilities framework (1)
- capitalism (1)
- caudillismo (1)
- challenges for international law (1)
- child labour (1)
- childcare (1)
- children (1)
- children and youth parliament (1)
- children's and young people's advisory councils (1)
- citizen participation (1)
- citizenship (1)
- city council (1)
- civil service reform (1)
- civil service survey (1)
- civilsociety (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate and energy policy (1)
- climate change mitigation (1)
- climate finance (1)
- climate governance (1)
- climate politics (1)
- cluster (1)
- cluster policy (1)
- coalitions (1)
- coercion (1)
- collaboration (1)
- collaborative governance (1)
- comparative (1)
- comparative development (1)
- comparative environmental politics (1)
- comparative public administration (1)
- competencies (1)
- competition (1)
- competition law (1)
- competitiveness (1)
- complex problems (1)
- concept of the political (1)
- conceptualization (1)
- conduct of life (1)
- conflict (1)
- consensus (1)
- consensus democracy (1)
- constitution-making (1)
- constitutional state (1)
- contentious politics (1)
- contractor/provider split (1)
- conventional donors (1)
- coordination (1)
- corruption (1)
- criminal proceeding (1)
- crises (1)
- cross-cultural competence (1)
- cross-national (1)
- culture (1)
- culture-general skills (1)
- cyber-attack (1)
- cyberwar (1)
- data (1)
- de facto authority (1)
- de jure authority (1)
- death (1)
- death penalty (1)
- decadence (1)
- decarbonization (1)
- definition (1)
- delegation (1)
- deliberative Demokratie (1)
- democratic performance (1)
- democratic quality (1)
- democrazy (1)
- demografischer Wandel (1)
- demographic change (1)
- dependency (1)
- design options (1)
- deutsch-französisch (1)
- deutsch-polnische Beziehungen (1)
- developing countries (1)
- development (1)
- development aid India (1)
- development and security (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- development projects (1)
- dictatorship (1)
- die Niederlande (1)
- difference-in-differences (1)
- digital economy (1)
- digital government (1)
- digital overload (1)
- digital transformation (1)
- digitale Demokratie (1)
- digitale Verwaltung (1)
- direct democracy (1)
- direkte Demokratie (1)
- discourse analysis (1)
- discrimination (1)
- discriminatory dimensions of forced evictions (1)
- discussion (1)
- diversified quality production (1)
- doctrine (1)
- domestic politics (1)
- domination (1)
- donor harmonization (1)
- donor reputation (1)
- dritte förderale Ebene (1)
- drivers for change (1)
- droit de la concurrence (1)
- due process (1)
- e-government (1)
- e-services (1)
- earth system governance (1)
- ecological modernization (1)
- economic policy (1)
- economics (1)
- economy (1)
- edict (1)
- effective district magnitude (1)
- employment (1)
- employment services (1)
- energy (1)
- energy revolution (1)
- enjeu européen (1)
- enlargement (1)
- ensuring state (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- environmental degradation (1)
- environmental mainstreaming (1)
- environmental policy effects (1)
- environmental policy performance (1)
- epistemic injustice (1)
- ethnicity (1)
- europäische Einwanderungspolitiken (1)
- europäische Verfassung (1)
- evidence-based policy making (1)
- evolutionary economics (1)
- executive head (1)
- executive-legislative relations (1)
- executive-parties dimension (1)
- executives (1)
- experiment (1)
- expert recommendations (1)
- extremism (1)
- facilitation (1)
- feminism (1)
- fern (1)
- field experiment (1)
- field theory (1)
- film (1)
- financial policy (1)
- fiscal system (1)
- fisheries policy (1)
- flexibility (1)
- fluctuation (1)
- forced evictions (1)
- foreign Policy (1)
- formale Institution (1)
- formale Modelle (1)
- fragile and conflict-affected states (1)
- fragile und konfliktbeladene Staaten (1)
- frame-analysis (1)
- franco-allemand (1)
- franco-german (1)
- francs-tireurs (1)
- function of cross-cultural competence (1)
- gender (1)
- gender equality (1)
- gender mainstreaming (1)
- genre (1)
- geographical proximity (1)
- german-polish relations (1)
- global commons (1)
- global environmental governance (1)
- global environmental politics (1)
- global governance (1)
- global public policy (1)
- global south (1)
- globale Umweltpolitik (1)
- good governance (1)
- gouvernance de comité (1)
- government (1)
- government formation (1)
- government policymaking (1)
- government stability (1)
- government-formation (1)
- green finance (1)
- green recovery (1)
- greening (1)
- growth strategy (1)
- gute Regierungsführung (1)
- health security (1)
- heat (1)
- heavy rain (1)
- hegemony (1)
- herkömmliche Geber (1)
- hermeneutical capability (1)
- hermeneutical injustice (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- history of the city of Potsdam (1)
- huella ecológica (1)
- human mind (1)
- human rights treaty monitoring bodies (1)
- human trafficking (1)
- human-animal relationship (1)
- identity (1)
- ideology (1)
- impartiality (1)
- indigene Völker (1)
- indigenous peoples (1)
- industrial organization (1)
- industrial relations (1)
- industrial restructuring (1)
- information and communication technologies (1)
- information flow (1)
- informelle Institution (1)
- initiative „European University Networks“ (1)
- initiative „universités européenne“ (1)
- innovation adoption (1)
- innovation systems (1)
- institutional change (1)
- institutional investors (1)
- institutional policy (1)
- institutional processes (1)
- institutional reform (1)
- institutional theory (1)
- institutionelle Komplexität (1)
- inter-governmental relations (1)
- inter-organizational control (1)
- intercultural communication (1)
- interdepartmental committee (1)
- interdisciplinarity (1)
- interest group (1)
- intergovernmental reforms (1)
- intergovernmental treaty secretariats (1)
- interkulturelle Kompetenz (1)
- interministerielle Arbeitsgruppe (1)
- internal migration (1)
- international administration (1)
- international cooperation (1)
- international development (1)
- international human rights (1)
- international humanitarian law (1)
- international institutions (1)
- international non-governmental organizations (1)
- international organisation (1)
- international trade (1)
- internationale Beziehungen (1)
- internationale Institutionen (1)
- internationale Organisationen (1)
- internationale Verwaltungen (1)
- internationale Zusammenarbeit (1)
- interne Migration (1)
- interoperability (1)
- interpretative declarations (1)
- intertextuality (1)
- irony (1)
- issue market (1)
- job autonomy (1)
- job satisfaction (1)
- job search (1)
- just transition (1)
- justice (1)
- knowledge (1)
- knowledge creep (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- knowledge transfer (1)
- knowledge utilization (1)
- kollektives Gedächtnis (1)
- kulturell-kognitive Institution (1)
- labor force participation (1)
- labor market policies (1)
- law (1)
- law and technology (1)
- law education (1)
- law-making (1)
- leadership (1)
- legal framework of municipal (1)
- legislative conflict (1)
- legislative studies (1)
- legislatures (1)
- levee en masse (1)
- liberalism (1)
- lifestyle (1)
- local autonomy (1)
- local governance (1)
- local government systems (1)
- lokale Autonomie (1)
- lokale Netzwerke der Zivilgesellschaft (1)
- lokale Verwaltung (1)
- long-term policy (1)
- lutte contre le terrorisme (1)
- majority formation (1)
- majority rule (1)
- managerial reforms (1)
- manufacturing (1)
- marginality (1)
- marine governance (1)
- market economy (1)
- market failures (1)
- marketization (1)
- measurement (1)
- media (1)
- meso-level of government (1)
- micro-credit (1)
- micro-politics (1)
- micropolitics (1)
- migration (1)
- military culture (1)
- military effectiveness (1)
- ministry of agriculture (1)
- minorities (1)
- minority rights (1)
- model city (1)
- modernity (1)
- modernización ecológica (1)
- modernization (1)
- monopoly of legitimate use of force (1)
- mots clés (1)
- multi level system (1)
- multi-level governance (1)
- multi-level government (1)
- multinational oganizations (1)
- multiplicity (1)
- municipally owned corporation (1)
- myth of Franktireurkrieg (1)
- narration (1)
- narrative approach (1)
- narrativer Ansatz (1)
- national ecological footprint (1)
- national interests (1)
- national ministries (1)
- nationale Ministerien (1)
- nationale staatliche Kommunikation (1)
- nationalism (1)
- nativism (1)
- neo weberian state (1)
- neo-Nazis (1)
- neo-liberal governance (1)
- neo-liberalism (1)
- network analysis (1)
- neue Geber (1)
- neuer Institutionalismus (1)
- new democracies (1)
- new donors (1)
- new technologies (1)
- newsfeed (1)
- nineteenth and twentieth century (1)
- non-equilibrium economics (1)
- non-state actors (1)
- nonstate actors (1)
- norm collisions (1)
- norm dynamics (1)
- norm robustness (1)
- norms (1)
- novel (1)
- nuclear non-proliferation treaty (1)
- nuclear weapons (1)
- orchestration (1)
- organisational change (1)
- organisations internationales (1)
- organizaciones internacionales (1)
- organization theory (1)
- organizational epistemology (1)
- organizational reform (1)
- organizational reputation (1)
- organizations (1)
- othering (1)
- palabras clave (1)
- pandemic (1)
- parental leave (1)
- parenthood (1)
- parliament (1)
- parliamentary democracy (1)
- participation of citizens (1)
- partizipative Demokratie (1)
- party competition (1)
- patterns (1)
- peace (1)
- peacebuilding (1)
- perception of history (1)
- performance (1)
- peripherality (1)
- personal data (1)
- personality (1)
- phytolith (1)
- pilot measures (1)
- planetarity (1)
- planetary boundaries (1)
- planning (1)
- pledge fulfillment (1)
- police reform (1)
- policy agendas (1)
- policy diffusion (1)
- policy output (1)
- policy reform (1)
- policy scope (1)
- policy signals (1)
- policy strategy (1)
- policy substitutes (1)
- policy transfer (1)
- policy-profession conflict (1)
- political campaigns (1)
- political discourse (1)
- political disenchantment (1)
- political integration (1)
- political opportunism (1)
- political preferences (1)
- political repression (1)
- political science (1)
- political sociology (1)
- political stability (1)
- political symbols (1)
- political transformation (1)
- politics of relation (1)
- politique de clusterisation (1)
- politische Bildung (1)
- politische Transformation (1)
- politischer Diskurs (1)
- política ambiental comparada (1)
- pooling (1)
- populism (1)
- post-Soviet (1)
- post-conflict peace (1)
- post-development (1)
- pragmatism (1)
- precedent (1)
- preferences (1)
- principle of controversy (1)
- privacy (1)
- private sector (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- process design (1)
- process expertise (1)
- procédure officielle (1)
- production concepts (1)
- professionalization (1)
- professions (1)
- project management quality (1)
- proportionality analysis (1)
- protest (1)
- proxy force (1)
- public (1)
- public administration reform (1)
- public good (1)
- public opinion (1)
- public participation (1)
- public policy (1)
- public sector innovation (1)
- public sector reform (1)
- public-reason liberalism (1)
- punctuated equilibrium theory (1)
- pôles de compétitivité (1)
- qualitative Fallstudie (1)
- qualitative case study (1)
- qualitative content analysis (1)
- qualitative research (1)
- quality management (1)
- race (1)
- racism (1)
- radical (1)
- radical right (1)
- rationalism (1)
- reasonableness (1)
- reciprocity (1)
- reconciliation (1)
- regime complexity (1)
- regional organizations (1)
- regional policy (1)
- regulación estatal (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulation theory (1)
- regulations (1)
- regulative Institution (1)
- regulatory environment (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- representation (1)
- research (1)
- reservations to human rights treaties (1)
- resistance (1)
- responsibility (1)
- review (1)
- revolution (1)
- right parties and movements (1)
- right to housing (1)
- right-wing populism (1)
- risk communication (1)
- romance (1)
- réforme (1)
- sanctions (1)
- sanctions committee (1)
- sanctions de l’ONU (1)
- scenario (1)
- schlechte Regierungsführung (1)
- scholar-practitioners (1)
- school book analysis (1)
- science (1)
- scientific use file (1)
- second chambers (1)
- secteur spatial (1)
- security affairs (1)
- security cooperation (1)
- security–development nexus (1)
- selection (1)
- self-employed women (1)
- self-governance (1)
- semi-parliamentarism (1)
- service provider strategies (1)
- set theory (1)
- siege of Paris 1870 (1)
- single mothers (1)
- social closure (1)
- social epistemology (1)
- social networking sites (1)
- social policy (1)
- soziale Schließung (1)
- sozialistische Orientierung der Marktwirtschaft (1)
- space (1)
- standardization (STANAG) (1)
- start-up subsidies (1)
- state (1)
- state parliament (1)
- state repression (1)
- state security (1)
- stochastic uncertainty (1)
- storytelling (1)
- strategic uncertainty (1)
- structural change (1)
- structural funds (1)
- subnationale Autonomie (1)
- survey (1)
- survey data (1)
- survey experiment (1)
- survival analysis (1)
- symbolic representation (1)
- synergies (1)
- system failure (1)
- tax structure (1)
- teaching (1)
- teaching concept (1)
- teaching tool (1)
- termination (1)
- territorial administration (1)
- tolerance (1)
- trade-offs (1)
- training (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transformation (1)
- transformative justice (1)
- transition economies (1)
- transition policy (1)
- transition énergétique (1)
- transitions in Latin America (1)
- translation theory (1)
- transnational city networks (1)
- treadmill of production (1)
- trust (1)
- turnout (1)
- un-cancelling the future (1)
- unemployment (1)
- urban planning (1)
- urban warfare (1)
- vergleichende öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
- vertrackte Probleme (1)
- veto point (1)
- water (1)
- water development aid (1)
- welfare state benefits (1)
- women's empowerment (1)
- work (1)
- work-family policies (1)
- working hours (1)
- working time (1)
- world bank (1)
- world literature (1)
- world-makers (1)
- youth (1)
- youth councils (1)
- youth parliaments (1)
- youth unemployment (1)
- zeitliche Belastung von Verordneten (1)
- Öffentlicher Dienst (1)
- Überforderung (1)
- Übergangsjustiz (1)
- Übertragbarkeit (1)
- économie numérique (1)
- öffentliche Meinung (1)
- öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
Institute
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (260)
- WeltTrends e.V. Potsdam (223)
- Sozialwissenschaften (165)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (79)
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (26)
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (17)
- MenschenRechtsZentrum (16)
- Historisches Institut (11)
- Öffentliches Recht (11)
- Extern (6)
The planetary commons
(2024)
The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue trajectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons framework by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.
Electricity production contributes to a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and is thus an important driver of climate change. To fulfil the Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) needs a rapid transition to a fully decarbonised power production system. Presumably, such a system will be largely based on renewables. So far, many EU countries have supported a shift towards renewables such as solar and wind power using support schemes, but the economic and political context is changing. Renewables are now cheaper than ever before and have become cost-competitive with conventional technologies. Therefore, European policymakers are striving to better integrate renewables into a competitive market and to increase the cost-effectiveness of the expansion of renewables. The first step was to replace previous fixed-price schemes with competitive auctions. In a second step, these auctions have become more technology-open. Finally, some governments may phase out any support for renewables and fully expose them to the competitive power market.
However, such policy changes may be at odds with the need to rapidly expand renewables and meet national targets due to market characteristics and investors’ risk perception. Without support, price risks are higher, and it may be difficult to meet an investor’s income expectations. Furthermore, policy changes across different countries could have unexpected effects if power markets are interconnected and investors able to shift their investments. Finally, in multi-technology auctions, technologies may dominate, which can be a risk for long-term power system reliability. Therefore, in my thesis, I explore the effects of phasing out support policies for renewables, of coordinating these phase-outs across countries, and of using multi-technology designs. I expand the public policy literature about investment behaviour and policy design as well as policy change and coordination, and I further develop an agent-based model.
The main questions of my thesis are what the cost and deployment effects of gradually exposing renewables to market forces would be and how coordination between countries affects investors’ decisions and market prices.. In my three contributions to the academic literature, I use different methods and come to the following results. In the first contribution, I use a conjoint analysis and market simulation to evaluate the effects of phasing out support or reintroducing feed-in tariffs from the perspective of investors. I find that a phase-out leads to investment shifts, either to other still-supported technologies or to other countries that continue to offer support. I conclude that the coordination of policy changes avoids such shifts.. In the second contribution, I integrate the empirically-derived preferences from the first contribution in to an agent-based power system model of two countries to simulate the effects of ending auctions for renewables. I find that this slows the energy transition, and that cross-border effects are relevant. Consequently, continued support is necessary to meet the national renewables targets. In the third contribution, I analyse the outcome of past multi-technology auctions using descriptive statistics, regression analysis as well as case study comparisons. I find that the outcomes are skewed towards single technologies. This cannot be explained by individual design elements of the auctions, but rather results from context-specific and country-specific characteristics. Based on this, I discuss potential implications for long-term power system reliability.
The main conclusions of my thesis are that a complete phase-out of renewables support would slow down the energy transition and thus jeopardize climate targets, and that multi-technology auctions may pose a risk for some countries, especially those that cannot regulate an unbalanced power plant portfolio in the long term. If policymakers decide to continue supporting renewables, they may consider adopting technology-specific auctions to better steer their portfolio. In contrast, if policymakers still want to phase out support, they should coordinate these policy changes with other countries. Otherwise, overall transition costs can be higher, because investment decisions shift to still-supported but more expensive technologies.
An die Revolution 1848/49 wird als wesentliches Ereignis deutscher Demokratiegeschichte erinnert; die Beteiligung von Frauen nimmt jedoch bis heute im kollektiven Gedächtnis einen untergeordneten Stellenwert ein. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich aus diesem Grund spezifisch mit der Rolle der Frauen in der Revolution 1848/49 und bietet Anregungen für die Integration des Themas in den Politikunterricht.
Wie die Ergebnisse der Arbeit verdeutlichen, nutzten zahlreiche Frauen die Aufbruchsstimmung der 1840er Jahre, um sich auf verschiedene Arten und Weisen politisch zu engagieren. Zwar blieben viele dabei innerhalb der dichotomen Geschlechterteilung verhaftet, welche auf dem sich im 19. Jahrhundert herausbildenden bürgerlichen Geschlechtermodell beruhte. Einige überschritten diese Grenzen jedoch trotz harter Sanktionen auch bewusst.
Sichtbar wird, dass die weibliche Beteiligung zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch nicht zur grundsätzlichen Infragestellung der Geschlechterpolarität führte, aber die Frauen zunehmend den öffentlichen Raum auch für sich beanspruchten und damit die Grundlagen für die deutsche Frauenbewegung der folgenden Jahrzehnte schufen.
Die schulische Thematisierung der Rolle der Frauen in der Revolution 1848/49 bietet sich sowohl im Geschichts- und Politikunterricht als auch fächerübergreifend hinsichtlich vielfältiger Anknüpfungspunkte an. Die Integration des Themas in den Unterricht kann insbesondere dazu beitragen, das historische Erbe der Anfänge der Frauenbewegung zu bewahren, und es zudem für die Vermittlung demokratischer Werte nutzbar machen.
The contribution explores how an understanding of neoliberal subjectification in socio-economic education can serve to counteract the trend marketisation of democracy. Drawing on Foucault’s lectures on biopolitics and Brown’s current analysis of neoliberalism, it lays out a sociological explanation that treats the idea of homo economicus as a structuring element of our society and outlines the threat this poses to the liberal democratic order. The second part of the contribution outlines – through immanent critique – an ideology-critical analytical competence that uses key problems to illuminate socially critical perspectives on social reality. The objective is to challenge some of the foundations of social order (Salomon, D. Kritische politische Bildung. Ein Versuch. In B. Widmaier & Overwien, B. (Hrsg.), Was heißt heute kritische politische Bildung? (S. 232–239). Wochenschau, 2013) in pursuit of the ultimate objective of an educated and assertive citizenry.
Der Untersuchungsgegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Praxis der Europäischen Bürgerinitiative (EBI) nach Art. 11 Abs. 4 EUV, dem weltweit ersten und einzigen Instrument transnationaler, partizipativer und digitaler Demokratie. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung steht die Frage, welchen Beitrag die EBI zur weiteren Demokratisierung der EU leisten kann und auf welche Art und Weise insoweit noch weitere Verbesserungen erzielt werden können. Nach zehnjähriger Anwendungspraxis von 2012 bis 2022 liegen inzwischen ausreichend empirische Daten vor, um den Forschungsgegenstand umfassend zu erforschen und das Instrument mit Blick auf seinen von den EU-Institutionen versprochenen Legitimations- und Demokratisierungsbeitrag bewerten zu können. Insbesondere wird das EBI-Verfahren in dieser Arbeit auf seine empirisch nachweisbare Nutzung, auf seine prozedurale Nutzerfreundlichkeit sowie auf seine politische wie rechtliche Wirkmächtigkeit untersucht. Zum Zwecke der korrekten Kategorisierung, Bewertung sowie der nutzerfreundlichen Ausgestaltung des EBI-Verfahrens werden Vergleiche mit Bürger- und Volksinitiativverfahren in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten sowie mit Bürgerbeteiligungsverfahren auf EU-Ebene vorgenommen. Den empirischen und komparativen Analysen werden eine historische Analyse über die Genese der EBI seit dem EU-Verfassungskonvent sowie theoretisch-normative Überlegungen und praktische Untersuchungen zu unterschiedlichen beteiligungszentrierten Demokratiemodellen vorangestellt, um die EBI einzuordnen und die Steigerungsmöglichkeiten ihres Demokratisierungsbeitrags zu erschließen. Letzteres zielt schließlich auf die Frage nach der prozeduralen Kombination und Kompatibilität der EBI mit demokratischen Innovationen aus dem Bereich der deliberativen und direkten Demokratie ab. Die Arbeit schließt mit einem Ausblick und unterbreitet umfassende EBI-Reformoptionen sowohl auf der primär- und sekundärrechtlichen als auch auf der informellen Ebene.
Parlamentarismus bezeichnet die Idee der Repräsentation Regierter durch gewählte Abgeordnete. Er entfaltete sich hierzulande seit dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert im Zusammenwirken mit Vereinen und Verbänden, Parteien und Bewegungen, innerhalb komplementärer oder auch konkurrierender Strukturen und Prinzipien. Das Selbst- und Fremdbild, die Zusammensetzung, Themen und Debattenkultur deutscher Parlamente als politische Akteure bildet damit bis heute zugleich eine Art Resonanzboden gesellschaftlicher und politischer Verhältnisse.
Welcher Weg führte von den zunächst kaum wirkmächtigen und nicht im Ansatz repräsentativen Parlamenten der Restaurationszeit über die Paulskirche bis in die Gegenwart? Wie gestalteten sich die Beziehungen zwischen dem Parlamentarismus und dem Föderalismus? Wie entwickelten sich Wahlen und Wahlsysteme als Grundlage allgemeiner Repräsentation? Wer sah oder sieht sich im Parlamentarismus in-, wer exkludiert? Wie leben und arbeiten Parlamentsangehörige ehedem und heute? Welche Formen medialer Interaktion zwischen ihnen und der Öffentlichkeit haben sich herausgebildet? Worin gründen Vorbehalte, Reformwünsche, aber auch Anfeindungen des Parlamentarismus? Und welchen Herausforderungen wird sich die repräsentative Demokratie in Zukunft stellen müssen?
Mehr als nur Ehefrauen
(2023)
Frauen im Widerstand
(2023)
Krisen in Afganisthan
(2023)
Finnland und Schweden
(2023)
Wahlen in der Türkei
(2023)
Brasilien in den BRICS
(2023)
Frauen im Widerstand
(2023)
Mehr als nur Ehefrauen
(2023)
Over the past decades, the traditional profile of the German administrative system has significantly been reshaped and remoulded through reforms and transformations. Manifold modernization efforts have been undertaken to adjust administrative structures and procedures to increasing challenges and pressures. In this chapter, the attempt is made to outline major institutional reform paths in Germany from Weberian bureaucracy to most recent reforms towards a digital transformation of public administration. We will show to what extent the German administrative system has moved away from the classical Weberian bureaucracy to a hybrid system where elements of the ‘old’ model and new reform paradigms such as the NPM and digital government are hybridized, labelled the Neo Weberian State. The question will be addressed as to what extent this shift has taken shape and which hurdles and path-dependencies can be identified to explain partial persistence and continuity over time.
SNS Democracy Council 2023
(2023)
Transboundary problems such as climate change, military conflicts, trade barriers, and refugee flows require increased collaboration across borders. This is to a large extent possible using existing international organizations. In such a case, however, they need to be considerably strengthened – while current trends take us in the opposite direction, according to the researchers in the SNS Democracy Council 2023.
Enacted in 2009, the National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC) is a milestone in the institutionalisation of climate action in Brazil. It sets greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets and a set of principles and directives that are intended to lay the foundations for a cross-sectoral and multilevel climate policy in the country. However, after more than a decade since its establishment, the PNMC has experienced several obstacles related to its governance, such as coordination, planning and implementation issues. All of these issues pose threats to the effectiveness of GHG mitigation actions in the country.
By looking at the intragovernmental and intergovernmental relationships that have taken place during the lifetime of the PNMC and its sectoral plans on agriculture (the Sectoral Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for the Consolidation of a Low-Carbon Economy in Agriculture [ABC Plan]), transport and urban mobility (the Sectoral Plan for Transportation and Urban Mobility for Mitigation and Adaption of Climate Change [PSTM]), this exploratory qualitative research investigates the Brazilian climate change governance guided by the following relevant questions: how are climate policy arrangements organised and coordinated among governmental actors to mitigate GHG emissions in Brazil? What might be the reasons behind how such arrangements are established? What are the predominant governance gaps of the different GHG mitigation actions examined? Why do these governance gaps occur?
Theoretically grounded in the literature on multilevel governance and coordination of public policies, this study employs a novel analytical framework that aims to identify and discuss the occurrence of four types of governance gaps (i.e. politics, institutions and processes, resources and information) in the three GHG mitigation actions (cases) examined (i.e. the PNMC, ABC Plan and PSTM). The research results are twofold. First, they reveal that Brazil has struggled to organise and coordinate governmental actors from different policy constituencies and different levels of government in the implementation of the GHG mitigation actions examined. Moreover, climate policymaking has mostly been influenced by the Ministry of Environment (MMA) overlooking the multilevel and cross-sectoral approaches required for a country’s climate policy to mitigate and adapt to climate change, especially if it is considered an economy-wide Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), as the Brazilian one is.
Second, the study identifies a greater manifestation of gaps in politics (e.g. lack of political will in supporting climate action), institutions and processes (e.g. failures in the design of institutions and policy instruments, coordination and monitoring flaws, and difficulties in building climate federalism) in all cases studied. It also identifies that there have been important advances in the production of data and information for decision-making and, to a lesser extent, in the allocation of technical and financial resources in the cases studied; however, it is necessary to highlight the limitation of these improvements due to turf wars, a low willingness to share information among federal government players, a reduced volume of financial resources and an unequal distribution of capacities among the federal ministries and among the three levels of government.
A relevant finding is that these gaps tend to be explained by a combination of general and sectoral set aspects. Regarding the general aspects, which are common to all cases examined, the following can be mentioned: i) unbalanced policy capabilities existing among the different levels of government, ii) a limited (bureaucratic) practice to produce a positive coordination mode within cross-sectoral policies, iii) the socioeconomic inequalities that affect the way different governments and economic sectors perceive the climate issue (selective perception) and iv) the reduced dialogue between national and subnational governments on the climate agenda (poor climate federalism). The following sectoral aspects can be mentioned: i) the presence of path dependencies that make the adoption of transformative actions harder and ii) the absence of perceived co-benefits that the climate agenda can bring to each economic sector (e.g. reputational gains, climate protection and access to climate financial markets).
By addressing the theoretical and practical implications of the results, this research provides key insights to tackle the governance gaps identified and to help Brazil pave the way to achieving its NDCs and net-zero targets. At the theoretical level, this research and the current country’s GHG emissions profile suggest that the Brazilian climate policy is embedded in a cross-sectoral and multilevel arena, which requires the effective involvement of different levels of political and bureaucratic powers and the consideration of the country’s socioeconomic differences. Thus, the research argues that future improvements of the Brazilian climate policy and its governance setting must frame climate policy as an economic development agenda, the ramifications of which go beyond the environmental sector. An initial consequence of this new perspective may be a shift in the political and technical leadership from the MMA to the institutions of the centre of government (Executive Office of the President of Brazil) and those in charge of the country’s economic policy (Ministry of Economy). This change could provide greater capacity for coordination, integration and enforcement as well as for addressing certain expected gaps (e.g. financial and technical resources). It could also lead to greater political prioritisation of the agenda at the highest levels of government. Moreover, this shift of the institutional locus could contribute to greater harmonisation between domestic development priorities and international climate politics. Finally, the research also suggests that this approach would reduce bureaucratic elitism currently in place due to climate policy being managed by Brazilian governmental institutions, which is still a theme of a few ministries and a reason for the occurrence of turf wars.
This article responds to critical reflections on my Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism by Sarah Birch, Kevin J. Elliott, Claudia Landwehr and James L. Wilson. It discusses how different types of representative democracy, especially different forms of government (presidential, parliamentary or hybrid), can be justified. It clarifies, among other things, the distinction between procedural and process equality, the strengths of semi-parliamentary government, the potential instability of constitutional designs, and the difference that theories can make in actual processes of constitutional reform.
International law is constantly navigating the tension between preserving the status quo and adapting to new exigencies. But when and how do such adaptation processes give way to a more profound transformation, if not a crisis of international law? To address the question of how attacks on the international legal order are changing the value orientation of international law, this book brings together scholars of international law and international relations. By combining theoretical and methodological analyses with individual case studies, this book offers readers conceptualizations and tools to systematically examine value change and explore the drivers and mechanisms of these processes. These case studies scrutinize value change in the foundational norms of the post-1945 order and in norms representing the rise of the international legal order post-1990. They cover diverse issues: the prohibition of torture, the protection of women’s rights, the prohibition of the use of force, the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, sustainability norms, and accountability for core international crimes. The challenges to each norm, the reactions by norm defenders, and the fate of each norm are also studied. Combined, the analyses show that while a few norms have remained surprisingly robust, several are changing, either in substance or in legal or social validity. The book concludes by integrating the conceptual and empirical insights from this interdisciplinary exchange to assess and explain the ambiguous nature of value change in international law beyond the extremes of mere progress or decline.
The study of subnational and local government systems and reforms has become an increasingly salient topic in comparative public administration. In many European countries, policy implementation, the execution of public tasks and the delivery of services to citizens are largely carried out by local governments, which, at the same time, have been subjected to multiple reforms and sometimes comprehensive institutional re-organizations. This chapter discusses analytical key concepts and outcomes of the comparative study of local governments and local government reforms. It outlines frameworks and analytical tools to capture the variety of institutional settings and developments at the local level of government. It provides an introduction into crucial comparative dimensions, such as functional, territorial and political profiles of local governments, and analyses current reform approaches and outcomes based on recent empirical findings. Finally, the chapter addresses salient issues to be taken up in future comparative studies about local government.
Region ohne Richtung
(2023)
Welche Auswirkungen wird die aufziehende Großmächtekonkurrenz also auf die regionale Sicherheitsordnung haben? Der Beitrag nähert sich dieser Frage über die regionalen Bedingungsfaktoren, die den Rahmen für jegliche Ingerenz extraregionaler Mächte bilden: Die regionalen Sicherheitskomplexe in Lateinamerika und der Karibik, einschließlich der Regionalorganisationen und Regionalmächte, sowie der Einflusssphären und Anreizsysteme der Großmächte. Am Ende wagt der Beitrag einen Ausblick auf die Entwicklung der lateinamerikanischen Sicherheitspolitik im Angesicht der Geopolitik der Großmächte. Die hier vorgestellte Kernthese wagt ein strukturelles und deshalb wenig alarmistisches Argument: Die Großmächtekonkurrenz wird die bestehende Fragmentierung der regionalen Sicherheitsordnung weiter vertiefen, doch wird die Region gleichzeitig nicht substanziell an Agency gegenüber den Großmächten verlieren. Der Schlüssel hierzu ist die außenpolitische Maxime der „gebundenen Äquidistanz“, die Dependenzen diversifiziert und damit nicht als Widerspruch, sondern als Positivsummenspiel versteht.
Within the context of United Nations (UN) environmental institutions, it has become apparent that intergovernmental responses alone have been insufficient for dealing with pressing transboundary environmental problems. Diverging economic and political interests, as well as broader changes in power dynamics and norms within global (environmental) governance, have resulted in negotiation and implementation efforts by UN member states becoming stuck in institutional gridlock and inertia. These developments have sparked a renewed debate among scholars and practitioners about an imminent crisis of multilateralism, accompanied by calls for reforming UN environmental institutions. However, with the rise of transnational actors and institutions, states are not the only relevant actors in global environmental governance. In fact, the fragmented architectures of different policy domains are populated by a hybrid mix of state and non-state actors, as well as intergovernmental and transnational institutions. Therefore, coping with the complex challenges posed by severe and ecologically interdependent transboundary environmental problems requires global cooperation and careful management from actors beyond national governments.
This thesis investigates the interactions of three intergovernmental UN treaty secretariats in global environmental governance. These are the secretariats of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. While previous research has acknowledged the increasing autonomy and influence of treaty secretariats in global policy-making, little attention has been paid to their strategic interactions with non-state actors, such as non-governmental organizations, civil society actors, businesses, and transnational institutions and networks, or their coordination with other UN agencies. Through qualitative case-study research, this thesis explores the means and mechanisms of these interactions and investigates their consequences for enhancing the effectiveness and coherence of institutional responses to underlying and interdependent environmental issues.
Following a new institutionalist ontology, the conceptual and theoretical framework of this study draws on global governance research, regime theory, and scholarship on international bureaucracies. From an actor-centered perspective on institutional interplay, the thesis employs concepts such as orchestration and interplay management to assess the interactions of and among treaty secretariats. The research methodology involves structured, focused comparison, and process-tracing techniques to analyze empirical data from diverse sources, including official documents, various secondary materials, semi-structured interviews with secretariat staff and policymakers, and observations at intergovernmental conferences.
The main findings of this research demonstrate that secretariats employ tailored orchestration styles to manage or bypass national governments, thereby raising global ambition levels for addressing transboundary environmental problems. Additionally, they engage in joint interplay management to facilitate information sharing, strategize activities, and mobilize relevant actors, thereby improving coherence across UN environmental institutions. Treaty secretariats play a substantial role in influencing discourses and knowledge exchange with a wide range of actors. However, they face barriers, such as limited resources, mandates, varying leadership priorities, and degrees of politicization within institutional processes, which may hinder their impact. Nevertheless, the secretariats, together with non-state actors, have made progress in advancing norm-building processes, integrated policy-making, capacity building, and implementation efforts within and across framework conventions. Moreover, they utilize innovative means of coordination with actors beyond national governments, such as data-driven governance, to provide policy-relevant information for achieving overarching governance targets.
Importantly, this research highlights the growing interactions between treaty secretariats and non-state actors, which not only shape policy outcomes but also have broader implications for the polity and politics of international institutions. The findings offer opportunities for rethinking collective agency and actor dynamics within UN entities, addressing gaps in institutionalist theory concerning the interaction of actors in inter-institutional spaces. Furthermore, the study addresses emerging challenges and trends in global environmental governance that are pertinent to future policy-making. These include reflections for the debate on reforming international institutions, the role of emerging powers in a changing international world order, and the convergence of public and private authority through new alliance-building and a division of labor between international bureaucracies and non-state actors in global environmental governance.
Review symposium
(2023)
Steffen Ganghof’s Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism: Democratic Design and the Separation of Powers (Oxford University Press, 2021) posits that “in a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not” (Ganghof, 2021). To consider, examine and theorise about this, Ganghof urges engagement with semi-parliamentarism. As explained by Ganghof, legislative power is shared between two democratically legitimate sections of parliament in a semi-parliamentary system, but only one of those sections selects the government and can remove it in a no-confidence vote. Consequently, power is dispersed and not concentrated in the hands of any one person, which, Ganghof argues, can lead to an enhanced form of parliamentary democracy. In this book review symposium, George Tsebelis, Michael Thies, José Antonio Cheibub, Rosalind Dixon and Daniel Bogéa review Steffen Ganghof’s book and engage with the author about aspects of research design, case selection and theoretical argument. This symposium arose from an engaging and constructive discussion of the book at a seminar hosted by Texas A&M University in 2022. We thank Prof José Cheibub (Texas A&M) for organising that seminar and Dr Anna Fruhstorfer (University of Potsdam) for initiating this book review symposium.
Der Beitrag widmet sich zwei überaus fruchtbaren theoretischen Ansätzen in der Policy-Forschung und darüber hinaus: der Vetospielertheorie und Vetopunkt-Ansätzen. Neben den Grundzügen beider Ansätze stellen wir grundlegende Entwicklungslinien und Probleme dieser Literaturen anhand beispielhafter Studien dar. Es zeigt sich, dass beide Ansätze teils kontroverse Annahmen treffen, zu denen es plausible Alternativen gibt. Zum Beispiel kann das Verhalten von Koalitionsparteien im Policy-Prozess anders als von der Vetospielertheorie angenommen modelliert werden. Die kausalen Effekte bestimmter Institutionen oder Vetopunkte können zudem je nach Kontext variieren. Diesem Kontext sollte größere Beachtung geschenkt werden.
Green recovery
(2023)
This chapter reviews how the European Union has fared in enabling a green recovery in the aftermath of the Covid-19 crisis, drawing comparisons to developments after the financial crisis. The chapter focuses on the European Commission and its evolving role in promoting decarbonisation efforts in its Member States, paying particular attention to its role in financing investments in low-carbon assets. It considers both the direct effects of green stimulus policies on decarbonisation in the EU and how these actions have shaped the capacities of the Commission as an actor in the field of climate and energy policy. The analysis reveals a significant expansion of the Commission’s role compared to the period following the financial crisis. EU-level measures have provided incentives for Member States to direct large volumes of financing towards investments in climate-friendly assets. Nevertheless, the ultimate impact will largely be shaped by implementation at the national level.
Zwischen Modellierung und Stakeholderbeteiligung - Wissensproduktion in der Energiewendeforschung
(2023)
Die Dekarbonisierung des Energiesystems ist Teil der international im Rahmen des Pariser Klimaabkommens beschlossenen CO2-Minderungsstrategie zur Bekämpfung des Klimawandels. Nach den Verhandlungen und Beschlüssen der Klimaziele stehen politische Entscheider weltweit nun vor der Frage, wie sie diese erreichen können. Dies produziert eine hohe politische Nachfrage nach Wissen um die direkten und indirekten Effekte verschiedener Instrumente und potentiellen Entwicklungspfade einer Energiewende. Dieser gesellschaftliche Bedarf an wissenschaftlichen Antworten zu Lösungsoptionen wurde im Rahmen einer Klimafolgenforschung, genauer einer Klimapolitikfolgenforschung, aufgenommen. Der relativ neue Zweig einer Energiewendeforschung hat sich weltweit entwickelt, steht dabei allerdings vor der doppelten Herausforderung: Erstens befindet sich das Objekt der Forschung nicht im luftleeren Raum, sondern innerhalb ökonomischer, sozialer und politischer Zusammenhänge, hier gesellschaftliche Einbettung genannt. Denn die Frage, wie die Energiewende erreicht werden kann, wird auch außerhalb der Wissenschaft debattiert und stellt damit ein Aushandlungsfeld unterschiedlicher Interessen und Narrative dar. Zweitens befindet sich das zu untersuchende Objekt in der Zukunft, hier unter dem Terminus des strukturellen Nicht-Wissens zusammengefasst. Diese beiden Bedingungen führen dazu, dass konventionelle Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung nicht greifen und eine Öffnung und Transformation der Wissenschaft in Hinblick auf neue Methoden vonnöten ist (Nowotny 2001, Ravetz 2006, Schneidewind 2013). In dieser Arbeit untersuche ich zwei Möglichkeiten, wie mit der Herausforderung, Wissen unter der Bedingung des strukturellen Nicht-Wissens und der gesellschaftlichen Einbettung zu produzieren, in der Energiewendeforschung umgegangen wird. Einerseits wird dies durch die Einbeziehung von Stakeholdern, also nicht-wissenschaftlicher Akteure, in den Forschungsprozess getan. Andererseits ist die Nutzung von komplexen ökonometrischen Modellen zur Berechnung von Implikationen und energiewirtschaftlichen Entwicklungspfaden zu einem zentralen Mittel der Wissensgenerierung in der Energiewendeforschung avanciert. Damit wird der als Problem verstandenen strukturellen Bedingung des Nicht-Wissens insofern begegnet, als dass die Ergebnisse von Stakeholder-Involvement und von Modellierungsarbeiten zweifelsohne neues Wissen zur Verfügung stellen. Uneinigkeit besteht jedoch darin, worüber dieses Wissen etwas aussagt: Sind es Interessen oder legitime Perspektiven, die Stakeholder in den Forschungsprozess einbringen und sind Modelle vereinfachte Darstellungen der Welt oder sind sie Ausdruck der Vorstellung des Modellierers?
Recent debates in international relations increasingly focus on bureaucratic apparatuses of international organizations and highlight their role, influence, and autonomy in global public policy. In this contribution we follow the recent call made by Moloney and Rosenbloom in this journal to make use of “public administrative theory and empirically based knowledge in analyzing the behavior of international and regional organizations” and offer a systematic analysis of the inner structures of these administrative bodies. Changes in these structures can reflect both the (re-)assignment of responsibilities, competencies, and expertise, but also the (re)allocation of resources, staff, and corresponding signalling of priorities. Based on organizational charts, we study structural changes within 46 international bureaucracies in the UN system. Tracing formal changes to all internal units over two decades, this contribution provides the first longitudinal assessment of structural change at the international level. We demonstrate that the inner structures of international bureaucracies in the UN system became more fragmented over time but also experienced considerable volatility with periods of structural growth and retrenchment. The analysis also suggests that IO's political features yield stronger explanatory power for explaining these structural changes than bureaucratic determinants. We conclude that the politics of structural change in international bureaucracies is a missing piece in the current debate on international public administrations that complements existing research perspectives by reiterating the importance of the political context of international bureaucracies as actors in global governance.
In recent years, governments have increased their efforts to strengthen the citizen-orientation in policy design. They have established temporary arenas as well as permanent units inside the machinery of government to integrate citizens into policy formulation, leading to a “laboratorization” of central government organizations. We argue that the evolution and role of these units herald new dynamics in the importance of organizational reputation for executive politics. These actors deviate from the classic palette of organizational units inside the machinery of government and thus require their own reputation vis-à-vis various audiences within and outside their parent organization. Based on a comparative case study of two of these units inside the German federal bureaucracy, we show how ambiguous expectations of their audiences challenge their organizational reputation. Both units resolve these tensions by balancing their weaker professional and procedural reputation with a stronger performative and moral reputation. We conclude that government units aiming to improve citizen orientation in policy design may benefit from engaging with citizens as their external audience to compensate for a weaker reputation in the eyes of their audiences inside the government organization. Points for practitioners: many governments have introduced novel means to strengthen citizen-centered policy design, which has led to an emergence of novel units inside central government that differ from traditional bureaucratic structures and procedures ; this study analyzes how these new units may build their organizational reputation vis-à-vis internal and external actors in government policymaking. ; we show that such units assert themselves primarily based on their performative and moral reputation.
Worldwide, governments have introduced novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) for policy formulation and service delivery, radically changing the working environment of government employees. Following the debate on work stress and particularly on technostress, we argue that the use of ICTs triggers “digital overload” that decreases government employees’ job satisfaction via inhibiting their job autonomy. Contrary to prior research, we consider job autonomy as a consequence rather than a determinant of digital overload, because ICT-use accelerates work routines and interruptions and eventually diminishes employees’ freedom to decide how to work. Based on novel survey data from government employees in Germany, Italy, and Norway, our structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a significant negative effect of digital overload on job autonomy. More importantly, job autonomy partially mediates the negative relationship between digital overload and job satisfaction, pointing to the importance of studying the micro-foundations of ICT-use in the public sector.
Conclusion
(2023)
Based on the previous findings in this book, Chapter 18 by Heike Krieger and Andrea Liese discusses the general dynamics of change or metamorphosis in the international legal order. They discern a mixed picture of an international order between metamorphosis—that is, a more fundamental transformation—of international law, norm change, turbulences, and robustness. They explain drivers of change and highlight factors such as national interests during the war on terror, changing long-term foreign policy beliefs, and the rise in populism and autocracy, before discussing the most common strategies the actors involved use. Other relevant factors include changes in the political environment, such as shocks and power shifts or the ambiguous role of fragmentation. Moreover, they identify factors that make legal norms robust, including the vital role of norm defenders and legal and institutional structures as stabilizing elements. Krieger and Liese conclude by cautioning that if the attacks on the international order continue at the current frequency and magnitude, a metamorphosis of international law will likely be unstoppable.
There is a growing recognition that international organizations (IOs) formulate and adopt policy in a wide range of areas. IOs have emerged as key venues for states seeking joint solutions to contemporary challenges such as climate change or COVID-19, and to establish frameworks to bolster trade, development, security, and more. In this capacity, IOs produce both extraordinary and routine policy output with a multitude of purposes, ranging from policies of historic significance like admitting new members to the more mundane tasks of administering IO staff. This article introduces the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset (IPOD), which covers close to 37,000 individual policy acts of 13 multi-issue IOs in the 1980–2015 period. The dataset fills a gap in the growing body of literature on the comparative study of IOs, providing researchers with a fine-grained perspective on the structure of IO policy output and data for comparisons across time, policy areas, and organizations. This article describes the construction and coverage of the dataset and identifies key temporal and cross-sectional patterns revealed by the data. In a concise illustration of the dataset’s utility, we apply models of punctuated equilibria in a comparative study of the relationship between institutional features and broad policy agenda dynamics. Overall, the Intergovernmental Policy Output Dataset offers a unique resource for researchers to analyze IO policy output in a granular manner and to explore questions of responsiveness, performance, and legitimacy of IOs.
When are international organizations (IOs) responsive to the policy problems that motivated their establishment? While it is a conventional assumption that IOs exist to address transnational challenges, the question of whether and when IO policy-making is responsive to shifts in underlying problems has not been systematically explored. This study investigates the responsiveness of IOs from a large-n, comparative approach. Theoretically, we develop three alternative models of IO responsiveness, emphasizing severeness, dependence, and power differentials. Empirically, we focus on the domain of security, examining the responsiveness of eight multi-issue IOs to armed conflict between 1980 and 2015, using a novel and expansive dataset on IO policy decisions. Our findings suggest, first, that IOs are responsive to security problems and, second, that responsiveness is not primarily driven by dependence or power differentials but by problem severity. An in-depth study of the responsiveness of the UN Security Council using more granular data confirms these findings. As the first comparative study of whether and when IO policy adapts to problem severity, the article has implications for debates about IO responsiveness, performance, and legitimacy.
The limitations and possibilities of the state in solving societal problems are perennial issues in the political and policy sciences and increasingly so in studies of environmental politics. With the aim of better understanding the role of the state in addressing environmental degradation through policy making, this article investigates the nexus between the environmental policy outputs and the environmental performance. Drawing on three theoretical perspectives on the state and market nexus in the environmental dilemma, we identify five distinct pathways. We then examine the extent to which these pathways are manifested in the real world. Our empirical investigation covers up to 37 countries for the period 1970–2010. While we see no global pattern of linkages between policy outputs and performance, our exploratory analysis finds evidence of policy effects, which suggest that the state can, under certain circumstances, improve the environment through policy making.
Introduction
(2023)
Can a metamorphosis of international law be identified while it is still underway? In Chapter 1, the Introduction, Krieger and Liese set the stage for the interdisciplinary assessment of the effects of the current crisis of the international legal order. They offer fundamental common values as a reference point and yardstick to systematically evaluate and analyse normative changes in international law. After explaining the benefits of interdisciplinary exchange and clarifying the basic concepts from the respective disciplinary perspectives, they develop the book’s conceptual framework for assessing and explaining value change in the international legal order. The Introduction also elaborates on the book’s research design and case selection and summarizes the aims and key contributions of each conceptual and empirical chapter.