300 Sozialwissenschaften
Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (382) (remove)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (248)
- Doctoral Thesis (40)
- Part of a Book (36)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (27)
- Other (10)
- Review (8)
- Report (4)
- Working Paper (4)
- Journal/Publication series (3)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Keywords
- COVID-19 (7)
- Germany (6)
- gender (5)
- climate change (4)
- Austria (3)
- Bourdieu (3)
- decision-making (3)
- employment (3)
- experiment (3)
- higher education (3)
- Bildungswissenschaften (2)
- Bundeswehr (2)
- Covid-19 (2)
- Digitalisierung (2)
- European Union (2)
- Forschungsdatenmanagement (2)
- Führung (2)
- Gender (2)
- Gleichstellung (2)
- Latein (2)
- Latin (2)
- Migration (2)
- Organisationssoziologie (2)
- Polizei (2)
- Populism (2)
- Security Council (2)
- Sexualität (2)
- children (2)
- climate policy (2)
- cognition (2)
- communication (2)
- corruption (2)
- crisis (2)
- decarbonization (2)
- democracy (2)
- discourse (2)
- discrimination (2)
- educational sciences (2)
- energy efficiency (2)
- executives (2)
- field (2)
- gender equality (2)
- gender inequality (2)
- globalization (2)
- inequality (2)
- institutional change (2)
- institutional design (2)
- integration (2)
- international organizations (2)
- language acquisition (2)
- methodology (2)
- migration (2)
- mixed methods (2)
- parental leave (2)
- policy (2)
- power (2)
- presidentialism (2)
- public health (2)
- quality assurance (2)
- refugees (2)
- research data management (2)
- sexual behavior (2)
- sexual scripts (2)
- social epistemology (2)
- state (2)
- sustainable development (2)
- teaching (2)
- terrorism (2)
- (Verfahrens-)Gerechtigkeit (1)
- 2 degrees C target (1)
- ASEAN (1)
- Ability Tracking (1)
- Accounting standards (1)
- Adaptation (1)
- Affordances (1)
- Afroamerikaner (1)
- Afterlife of slavery (1)
- Agnieszka Holland (1)
- Aid effectiveness (1)
- Akademischer Nachwuchs (1)
- Al Qaeda (1)
- Algorithmen (1)
- Algorithms (1)
- Anonymity (1)
- Anti-Feminismus (1)
- Anti-Gender (1)
- Anti-Imperialismus (1)
- Anti-LGBTQI* (1)
- Appliance diffusion (1)
- Auditing standards (1)
- Austrian Social Survey (1)
- Beratung (1)
- Berichterstattung (1)
- Berliner Mauer (1)
- Bett (1)
- Big data (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Bildungsexpansion (1)
- Black Studies (1)
- Blockchain (1)
- Body composition (1)
- Bologna Process (1)
- Boundary-making of work (1)
- Bretton woods (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- Callous-unemotional traits (1)
- Callousness (1)
- Car ownership (1)
- Carbon pricing (1)
- Classroom (1)
- Climate governance experiments (1)
- Climate of Opinion (1)
- Collaborative consumption (1)
- Communication for development (1)
- Communications/decision making (1)
- Competency Traps (1)
- Composition (1)
- Conseil de sécurité (1)
- Consejo de Seguridad (1)
- Covid (1)
- Crowd-sourcing (1)
- Cumulative advantages and disadvantages (1)
- Cyberbullying (1)
- Datenanalyse (1)
- Datendokumentation (1)
- Datenschutzgrundverordnung (1)
- Decentralisation (1)
- Decision-making (1)
- Decoloniale Theorie (1)
- Decomposition analysis (1)
- Dekolonisation (1)
- Denmark (1)
- Deskriptive Statistik (1)
- Diary study (1)
- Diffraktion (1)
- Digital observation formats (1)
- Digital trace (1)
- Digitale Beobachtungsformate (1)
- Digitalization (1)
- Digitization (1)
- Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) (1)
- Discrete choice experiment (1)
- Distinction (1)
- Distinktion (1)
- Distributional effect (1)
- Disziplinspezifisches FDM (1)
- Divergenz (1)
- Diversität in Schulen (1)
- Doctorow (1)
- Duration (1)
- Durkheim (1)
- Durkheim’s German Reception, Max Weber, Georg Simmel, Jürgen Habermas (1)
- EU (1)
- EU Commission (1)
- Economic restructuring (1)
- Economic sociology (1)
- Economics (1)
- Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) (1)
- Education (1)
- Educational Expansion (1)
- Effektivität (1)
- Egalitarismus (1)
- Einkommensungleichheit (1)
- Einstellungen (1)
- Einstellungen zu sozialer Ungleichheit (1)
- Einvernehmlicher Geschlechtsverkehr (1)
- Electoral geography (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emergency response (1)
- Empirische Sozialforschung (1)
- Energy policy (1)
- Enterprise Survey (1)
- Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Environmental quality (1)
- Erinnerungskultur (1)
- Ernährungs- und Verbraucherbildung (1)
- Estimation uncertainty (1)
- Ethical accounting estimates (1)
- Ethnographie (1)
- Ethnologie (1)
- European Higher Education Area (1)
- Existentialismus (1)
- Experience sampling method (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Explanations (1)
- Extreme events (1)
- Fachdidaktik (1)
- Feministische Philosophie (1)
- Ferdinand von Schirach (1)
- Field experiments (1)
- Finanzrisiken (1)
- Folter (1)
- Foreign Language (1)
- Formal organization (1)
- Forschungsdaten (1)
- Fragebogenentwicklung (1)
- Framing (1)
- France (1)
- Frauenfreundlichkeit, Migrantenfreundlichkeit und Gleichheit der Teilhabe (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- Fremdsprache (1)
- Functional differentiation (1)
- G20 (1)
- GHG Protocol (1)
- Gender equality (1)
- Gendered (1)
- General Data Protection Regulation (1)
- German LifE (1)
- German armed forces (1)
- German literature (1)
- German secondary education (1)
- Geschlechterkonstruktion (1)
- Geschlechtervielfalt (1)
- Geschlechtliche Kategorisierung (1)
- Gipfelproteste (1)
- GitHub (1)
- Global comparison (1)
- Globalisation (1)
- Gobernanza de los Comités (1)
- Great Britain (1)
- Grenzziehungen von Arbeit (1)
- Group of Twenty (1)
- Grundwerte (1)
- Haushaltseinkommen (1)
- Hermeneutische Explikation (1)
- Hirnentwicklung (1)
- Hochschule (1)
- Hostile-Media-Phenomenon (1)
- Hostile-Media-Phänomen (1)
- Household data (1)
- Human (1)
- Human values (1)
- Human-robot interaction (1)
- Hydropower (1)
- IASB accounting conceptual framework (1)
- IAT (1)
- ICT (1)
- IHL (1)
- IHRL (1)
- Imperialismus (1)
- Industriesoziologie (1)
- Inferenzstatistik (1)
- Information (1)
- Innovation Ecosystem (1)
- Innovation und soziale Sicherung (1)
- Institution (1)
- Institutionelle Diskriminierung (1)
- International Labour Organization (1)
- International climate negotiations (1)
- Intertemporal substitution (1)
- Irak (1)
- Iraq (1)
- Justice and Development Party (AKP) (1)
- Klassenzusammensetzung (1)
- Klassik (1)
- Kohäsion (1)
- Kolonialismus (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kompetenzfalle (1)
- Kontext (1)
- Kulturmanagement (1)
- Kunstgeschichte (1)
- LCGA (1)
- LGTBQI+ communities (1)
- Labor supply (1)
- Labour market policies (1)
- Laddering interviews (1)
- Latent Class Analysis (1)
- Learning (1)
- Learning progress (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Leistungsdifferenzierung (1)
- Lernen (1)
- Lieferkettengesetz (1)
- Life course perspective (1)
- Local Autonomy Index (1)
- Low- and middle-income countries (1)
- Lucha antiterrorista (1)
- Luhmann (1)
- Markt (1)
- Massenmedien (1)
- MeToo (1)
- Means-end chain analysis (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Mediation Analysis (1)
- Mediationsanalyse (1)
- Meinungsklima (1)
- Menschenrechte (1)
- Mercantilism (1)
- Mixed methods (1)
- Mobilisierungsdynamiken (1)
- Moralische Intuition (1)
- Mozambique (1)
- Multimodal behavior (1)
- Muscle torque (1)
- Museum (1)
- Museumswissenschaft (1)
- Muslims (1)
- NSU (1)
- Nachwuchswissenschaftler (1)
- Narrationen (1)
- Narrationen im Politikunterricht (1)
- Neo-Institutionalismus (1)
- Neoliberalism (1)
- Neoliberalism Populism theoretical framework (1)
- Network clustering (1)
- Neue Rechte (1)
- Neuer Materialismus (1)
- Nicht-Beherrschung (1)
- Nicht-ideale Theorie (1)
- Niklas (1)
- Normalisierung (1)
- Normalization (1)
- Objectivation (1)
- Objektivierung (1)
- Online disinhibition (1)
- Organisationales Lernen (1)
- Organisationen (1)
- Organisationsforschung (1)
- Organisationsförmigkeit (1)
- Organisationswissenschaft (1)
- Organization theory (1)
- Organizational Learning (1)
- Organizational learning (1)
- Organizations and society (1)
- Othering (1)
- Papst (1)
- Paris agreement (1)
- Partial organization (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Partnership trajectories (1)
- Path modelling (1)
- Payment vehicle (1)
- Peer Effects (1)
- Peer-Effekte (1)
- Peer-to-peer (1)
- Perceived socioeconomic status (1)
- Performanz von Gesellschaften im internationalen Vergleich (1)
- Personenbezogene Daten (1)
- Personenstandsgesetz (1)
- Pfadmodell (1)
- Philosophical perspectives (1)
- Pluralismus (1)
- Pluralistic ignorance (1)
- Pluralistische Ignoranz (1)
- Police (1)
- Politik (1)
- Politikdidaktik (1)
- Populism restated (1)
- Populismus (1)
- Position Generator (1)
- Postbürokratie (1)
- Poverty alleviation (1)
- Praxisrelevanz (1)
- Precautionary saving (1)
- President Trump (1)
- Presidents (1)
- Pretest (1)
- Proceso debido (1)
- Pronouns (1)
- Protein complexes (1)
- Protein–protein interaction (1)
- Protest Policing (1)
- Protestforschung (1)
- Präferenzen (1)
- Psychologie (1)
- Public organizations (1)
- Qualitative Forschungsdaten (1)
- R&D (1)
- Ragtime (1)
- Ramadan (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Rassismus (1)
- Recht und Organisation (1)
- Redundancy (1)
- Regulatory focus (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Rekonstruktion (1)
- Religionsfreiheit (1)
- Replication (1)
- Replikation (1)
- Republikanismus (1)
- Residential energy demand (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Respekt (1)
- Review (1)
- Right-Wing Terrorism (1)
- Risikoauferlegung (1)
- Robot personality (1)
- SDG 11 (1)
- SDGs (1)
- SOEP (1)
- SOEP-IS (1)
- Sanciones de la ONU (1)
- Scale development (1)
- Schülerorientierung (1)
- Search Heuristics (1)
- Secondary Education Systems (1)
- Secretariat General (1)
- Sekundarbildungssysteme (1)
- Seniors (1)
- Sequence analysis (1)
- Serene Khader (1)
- Sexuelle Handlungen (1)
- Shari’a (1)
- Social (1)
- Social Class (1)
- Social and cognitive psychology (1)
- Social capital (1)
- Social housing innovation (1)
- Social movements (1)
- Social origin (1)
- Social stratification (1)
- Societal impacts (1)
- Sociology of social facts (1)
- Soldatinnen (1)
- South Africa (1)
- Soziale Bewegungen (1)
- Soziale Gleichheit (1)
- Soziale Herkunft (1)
- Soziale Integration und Befähigung zur Autonomie (1)
- Soziale Ungleichheit (1)
- Sozialer Status (1)
- Sozialer Survey Österreich (1)
- Sozialkapital (1)
- Species comparison (1)
- Spracherwerb (1)
- State and trait measurement (1)
- Statistical technologies of ordering (1)
- Statistische Ordnungstechniken (1)
- Streitkräfte (1)
- Studentenbewegung (1)
- Study (1)
- Suchheuristiken (1)
- Survey (1)
- Survey Research Methods (1)
- Sustainable (1)
- Switzerland (1)
- Symbolic capital (1)
- Symbolisches Kapital (1)
- Systemisches Risiko (1)
- Theorie-Praxis-Problem (1)
- Third-Person-Perception (1)
- Third-Person-Wahrnehmung (1)
- Thomas theorem (1)
- Thomas-Theorem (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Trans (1)
- Truman doctrine (1)
- Trumponomics (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Turkish-Islamist ideology (1)
- Typologies of local government systems (1)
- U.S. and Germany (1)
- UN (1)
- UN sanctions (1)
- UNFCCC (1)
- USA (1)
- Umweltperformanz (1)
- Umweltpolitik (1)
- Uncanny valley (1)
- Uncaring (1)
- Unemotional (1)
- Universalismus (1)
- Universität (1)
- Usage (1)
- Verschwindenlassen (1)
- Vetopunkte (1)
- Vetospieler (1)
- Voluntary global business initiatives (1)
- Voluntary simplicity (1)
- Vulnerability (1)
- Walking (1)
- Washington consensus Development aid (1)
- Well-being (1)
- WhatsApp (1)
- Wissenschaft (1)
- Wohlstand und ökologische Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Wojciech Smarzowski (1)
- World Bank (1)
- Youth (1)
- abuse cycles (1)
- academic (1)
- acceptance of sexual (1)
- accountability (1)
- action problems (1)
- adaptation behavior (1)
- adolescence (1)
- age (1)
- age-appropriate competence development (1)
- agent (1)
- agent-based modeling (1)
- aggressive cognitions (1)
- alcohol (1)
- alliances (1)
- allocation policies (1)
- analysis (1)
- antagonistic (1)
- anti-gender (1)
- application (1)
- argumentation research (1)
- assault (1)
- assessment (1)
- associative networks (1)
- attitudes (1)
- authority (1)
- automated text analysis (1)
- automatic evaluation (1)
- behavioral strategy (1)
- beliefs (1)
- bibliometric analysis (1)
- binary systems (1)
- borderlands (1)
- brain development (1)
- bright side (1)
- business (1)
- business process management (1)
- capabilities framework (1)
- carbon pricing (1)
- cartel (1)
- categorization (1)
- centralization (1)
- child (1)
- child protection (1)
- child's voice (1)
- childcare (1)
- children's participation (1)
- cis-Fragilität (1)
- cities (1)
- climate policies (1)
- co-citation analysis (1)
- co-creation (1)
- co-occurrence analysis (1)
- co-ordination (1)
- coercion (1)
- coercive power (1)
- collaboration (1)
- collective consumption context (1)
- college students (1)
- collusion (1)
- colonialism (1)
- committee governance (1)
- comparative environmental politics (1)
- competence (1)
- competency framework (1)
- complex sentence processing (1)
- computer-assisted text analysis (1)
- concentrating solar power (1)
- conceptualization (1)
- conservative confidence limits (1)
- constitutions (1)
- consumer studies (1)
- consumption (1)
- contingencies (1)
- contracts (1)
- contrastive empiricism (1)
- cosmopolitanism (1)
- counterterrorism (1)
- court files (1)
- coworking spaces (1)
- critical theory (1)
- criticism of social psychology (1)
- cross-national (1)
- cyber humanistic (1)
- cyber-attack (1)
- cyberwar (1)
- dark side (1)
- data documentation (1)
- dating (1)
- dating app use (1)
- decomposition methods (1)
- democratic quality (1)
- democratisation (1)
- demographic change (1)
- deterrence (1)
- developing and emerging economies (1)
- development (1)
- development interventions (1)
- developmental psychology (1)
- diaspora (1)
- dictator game (1)
- dictionary (1)
- didactic concept (1)
- didactic framework (1)
- diffusion (1)
- digital contact tracing (1)
- digital sovereignty (1)
- digitization (1)
- discipline specific rdm (1)
- disziplinspezifisches FDM (1)
- diversity management (1)
- division of labour (1)
- doctrine (1)
- domination (1)
- donors (1)
- drivers (1)
- due process (1)
- early career scientists (1)
- ecological modernization (1)
- economy (1)
- elites (1)
- embodied power structures (1)
- embodiment (1)
- emigration and immigration (1)
- empirical implications of theoretical models (1)
- empirical research (1)
- employee training (1)
- employment services (1)
- energetic systems (1)
- energy policy (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental degradation (1)
- environmental policy effects (1)
- environmental policy performance (1)
- epistemic injustice (1)
- ethnicity (1)
- ethnography (1)
- evidence-based policy (1)
- executive personalism (1)
- experiences survey (1)
- expertise (1)
- extensive margin (1)
- family (1)
- family court (1)
- family workers (1)
- femininity (1)
- feminist standpoint theory (1)
- financial solidarity (1)
- firm behaviour (1)
- flexible pattern matching approach (1)
- floods (1)
- focus group (1)
- food and nutrition education (1)
- foreign policy (1)
- formale Modelle (1)
- friendship (1)
- gender and sexuality (1)
- gender composition (1)
- gender social inequality (1)
- gender stereotypes (1)
- gendered boundaries (1)
- global climate governance (1)
- global governance (1)
- gouvernance de comité (1)
- governance (1)
- harmonisation (1)
- haushaltsbezogene Bildung (1)
- head of state (1)
- health policy (1)
- heat demand (1)
- hermeneutical capability (1)
- hermeneutical injustice (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- homophily (1)
- horizontal and vertical movements (1)
- household types (1)
- housing sector (1)
- huella ecológica (1)
- human capital investments (1)
- human resources management (1)
- human rights (1)
- hybrid mobile application (1)
- ideology cri-tique (1)
- immigrants (1)
- immigration (1)
- implicit (1)
- implicit self-concept of personality (1)
- inclusion (1)
- income (1)
- indigenous rights (1)
- individual recovery (1)
- individuals living in single-parent households (1)
- industry development (1)
- informal (1)
- injury (1)
- inpatients (1)
- institutional entrepreneurship (1)
- institutions (1)
- intention-behavior gap (1)
- inter (1)
- interaction (1)
- intergroup contacts (1)
- international comparison; (1)
- international human rights (1)
- international humanitarian law (1)
- international migration (1)
- international organisations (1)
- international trade (1)
- interpretative Forschung (1)
- interpretive research (1)
- intersectionality (1)
- introductory phase (1)
- invisibilities (1)
- junior scholars (1)
- knowledge building (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- kritische Organisationsforschung (1)
- labels (1)
- labor market (1)
- labour market (1)
- labour markets policies (1)
- language courses (1)
- language network (1)
- law and technology (1)
- leadership (1)
- learning (1)
- learning environment (1)
- learning factory (1)
- learning scenario for manufacturing (1)
- legal aspects (1)
- legislatures (1)
- legitimation (1)
- life course (1)
- likability (1)
- limits (1)
- local climate policy making (1)
- longitudinal (1)
- longitudinal study (1)
- lose Kopplung (1)
- low-wage employment (1)
- lutte contre le terrorisme (1)
- machine learning (1)
- management (1)
- manager decisions (1)
- marketization (1)
- marriage (1)
- masculinity (1)
- mating (1)
- measurement (1)
- media violence (1)
- memory (1)
- mental health (1)
- migrant background (1)
- migration transition (1)
- mobility (1)
- modernity (1)
- modernización ecológica (1)
- moral sociology (1)
- mortality (1)
- motivation (1)
- multiculturalism (1)
- multilevel (1)
- multilevel governance (1)
- multiple correspondence analysis (1)
- narcissism (1)
- national ecological footprint (1)
- national identity (1)
- negotiating (1)
- network (1)
- new technologies (1)
- non-binär (1)
- non-ideal theory (1)
- nonresponse bias (1)
- nonstate actions (1)
- nurses (1)
- nursing staff (1)
- objective labour market outcome (1)
- observational data (1)
- occupational gender segregation (1)
- organic search (1)
- organisation studies (1)
- organisationality (1)
- organizational sociology (1)
- panel analysis (1)
- panel data (1)
- parenthood (1)
- parenting stress (1)
- parliamentary democracy (1)
- parliamentary government (1)
- participation (1)
- partnership (1)
- partnership trajectories (1)
- patterns of violence (1)
- perceived job insecurity/security (1)
- percept cycles (1)
- perception of robots (1)
- performance (1)
- perpetration (1)
- personal information (1)
- phone (1)
- pioneering strategy (1)
- policy agendas (1)
- policy competition (1)
- policy cycle (1)
- policy implementation (1)
- policy output (1)
- policy-making (1)
- political equality (1)
- política ambiental comparada (1)
- precedent (1)
- preferences (1)
- preparedness (1)
- prestige (1)
- prevalence (1)
- principal (1)
- privacy calculus (1)
- privacy risks (1)
- probability samples (1)
- procédure officielle (1)
- productivity (1)
- professional identity (1)
- professionalization (1)
- project performance (1)
- prosocial behavior (1)
- prozessuale Erklärung (1)
- psychological distress (1)
- psychology (1)
- public (1)
- public sector choice (1)
- punishment (1)
- qualitative research (1)
- qualitative research data (1)
- quality management (1)
- quality of friendship (1)
- quantitative research (1)
- race/ethnicity (1)
- racism (1)
- rape (1)
- rdm in disciplines (1)
- reactionary mood (1)
- recall accuracy (1)
- rechtliche Aspekte (1)
- reciprocity (1)
- referral propensity (1)
- reflection (1)
- refugee (1)
- regionalisation (1)
- regression tree (1)
- regulación estatal (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulations (1)
- reliability (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- representative real-time survey data (1)
- research challenges (1)
- research data (1)
- resentment (1)
- resistance (1)
- responses (1)
- retrospective questions (1)
- return migration (1)
- risk attitudes (1)
- risk-factors (1)
- rural (1)
- sanctions (1)
- sanctions de l’ONU (1)
- satisfaction (1)
- scale development (1)
- scaling method (1)
- science mapping (1)
- science-policy interactions (1)
- self-employed (1)
- self-report measures (1)
- semi-parliamentarism (1)
- semi-parliamentary government (1)
- sentiment analysis (1)
- separation of powers (1)
- sequence (1)
- service business models (1)
- service motivation (1)
- sexual victimization (1)
- simulation model (1)
- single mothers (1)
- social categories (1)
- social inclusion (1)
- social inequality (1)
- social media advertising (1)
- social network analysis (1)
- social participation (1)
- social referrals (1)
- socialization (1)
- sociology of social forms (1)
- sociometric nomination (1)
- soziale Klasse (1)
- sport profile (1)
- standpoint epistemology (1)
- statistical categorization (1)
- statistics (1)
- statistiques (1)
- stereotypes (1)
- strength (1)
- striking combat sports (1)
- subject-matter didactics (1)
- subject-oriented learning (1)
- subjective risk perception (1)
- supply chain (1)
- surveillance (1)
- survey mode (1)
- systematic literature review (1)
- teamwork (1)
- technological change (1)
- technological learning (1)
- term limits (1)
- territorial rights (1)
- text analysis (1)
- theory testing (1)
- trade (1)
- traits (1)
- transit migration (1)
- transnational city networks (1)
- transnational governance arrangements (1)
- transnormative sociology (1)
- treadmill of production (1)
- types of municipal administration (1)
- unit nonresponse (1)
- urban sustainability (1)
- value chain analysis (1)
- vements labour market occupational transitions (1)
- verbal working memory (1)
- verbales Arbeitsgedächtnis (1)
- veto player theory (1)
- victimhood (1)
- victimization (1)
- virtual groups (1)
- vocational training (1)
- voice pitch (1)
- website stickiness (1)
- welfare (1)
- welfare state benefits (1)
- women (1)
- word embeddings (1)
- work-family policies (1)
- working hours (1)
- working time (1)
- workplace culture (1)
- young adults (1)
- youth characteristics (1)
- Öffentliche Organisationen (1)
- Öffentlichkeit (1)
- Überlegungsgleichgewicht (1)
Institute
- Sozialwissenschaften (153)
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (70)
- Fachgruppe Soziologie (56)
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (19)
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (16)
- Fachgruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre (15)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (14)
- Department Psychologie (10)
- Historisches Institut (7)
- Department Erziehungswissenschaft (6)
Eskalation in Tweets
(2023)
Does working in a gender-atypical occupation reduce individuals’ likelihood of finding a different-sex romantic partner, and do such occupational partnership penalties contribute to occupational gender segregation? To answer this question, we theorized partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations by drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology, social constructivism, and rational choice theory and exploited the stability of occupational pathways in Germany. In Study 1, we analyzed observational data from a national probability sample (N= 1,634,944) to assess whether individuals in gender-atypical occupations were less likely to be partnered than individuals who worked in gender typical occupations. To assess whether the observed partnership gaps found in Study 1 were causally related to the gender typicality of men’s and women’s occupations, we conducted a field experiment on a dating app (N = 6,778). Because the findings from Study 2 suggested that young women and men indeed experienced penalties for working in a gender-atypical occupation (at least when they were not highly attractive), we employed a choice-experimental design in Study 3 (N = 1,250) to assess whether women and men were aware of occupational partnership penalties and showed that anticipating occupational partnership penalties may keep young and highly educated women from working in gender-atypical occupations. Our main conclusion therefore is that that observed penalties and their anticipation seem to be driven by unconscious rather than conscious processes.
Sanctions are critical to the Security Council's efforts to fight terrorism. What is striking is that the Council's sanctions regimes are subject to detailed sets of rules and decision criteria. The scholarship on human rights in counterterrorism assumes that rights advocacy and court litigation have prompted this development. The article complements this literature by highlighting an unexplored internal driver of legal-regulatory decision-making and explores how mixed-motive interest constellations among Security Council members have affected the extent of committee regulations and the content of decisions taken by sanctions committees. Based on internal documents and diplomatic cables, a comparative analysis of the Iraq sanctions regime and the counterterrorism sanctions regime demonstrates that mixed-motive interest constellations among Security Council members provide incentives to elaborate rules to guide decision-making resulting in legal-regulatory sanctions governance, even if the human rights of targeted individuals are not at stake. For comparative leverage and to assess the limits of the proposed mechanism, the analysis is briefly extended to other sanctions regimes targeting individuals (Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan). The findings have implications for this essential tool of the Security Council to react to threats to peace as diverse as counterterrorism, nonproliferation, and internal armed conflict.
Do all roads lead to Rome?
(2020)
Content website providers have two main goals: They seek to attract consumers and to keep them on their websites as long as possible. To reach potential consumers, they can utilize several online channels, such as paid search results or advertisements on social media, all of which usually require a substantial marketing budget. However, with rising user numbers of online communication tools, website providers increasingly integrate social sharing buttons on their websites to encourage existing consumers to facilitate referrals to their social networks. While little is known about this social form of guiding consumers to a content website, the study proposes that the way in which consumers reach a website is related to their stickiness to the website and their propensity to refer content to others. By using a unique clickstream data set of a video-on-demand website, the study compares consumers referred by their social network to those consumers arriving at the website via organic search or social media advertisements in terms of stickiness to the website (e.g., visit length, number of page views, video starts) and referral likelihood. The results show that consumers referred through social referrals spend more time on the website, view more pages, and start more videos than consumers who respond to social media advertisements, but less than those coming through organic search. Concerning referral propensity, the results indicate that consumers attracted to a website through social referrals are more likely to refer content to others than those who came through organic search or social media advertisements. The study offers direct insights to managers and recommends an increase in their efforts to promote social referrals on their websites.
Vienna
(2021)
This book explores and debates the urban transformations that have taken place in Vienna over the past 30 years and their consequences in policy fields such as labour and housing, political and social participation and the environment. Historically, European cities have been characterised by a strong association between social cohesion, quality of life, economic ambition and a robust State. Vienna is an excellent example for that. In more recent years, however, cities were pressured to change policy principles and mechanisms in the context of demographic shifts, post-industrial transformations and welfare recalibration which have led to worsened social conditions in many cities. Each chapter in this volume discusses Vienna's responses to these pressures in key policy arenas, looking at outcomes from the context-specific local arrangements. Against a theoretical framework debating the European city as a model of inclusion and social justice, authors explore the local capacity to innovate urban policies and to address new social risks, while paying attention to potential trade-offs.
The book questions and assesses the city's resilience using time series and an institutional analysis of four key dimensions that characterise the European city model within the context of post-industrial transition: redistribution, recognition, representation and sustainability. It offers a multiscalar perspective of urban governance through labour, housing, participatory and environmental policies, bringing together different levels and public policy types.
Objective:
Following a life course perspective, this study examines the link between partnership trajectories and three dimensions of psychological well-being: psychological health, overall sense of self-worth and quality of life.
Background:
Assuming that life outcomes are the result of prior decisions, experiences and events, partnership histories can be seen as a resource for psychological well-being. Furthermore, advantages or disadvantages from living with or without a partner should accumulate over time. While previous cross-sectional research has mainly focused on the influence of partnership status or a status change on well-being, prior longitudinal studies could not control for reverse causality of well-being and partnership trajectories. This research addresses the question of how different patterns of partnership biographies are related to a person's well-being in middle adulthood. Selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being as well as current life conditions are also taken into account.
Method:
Using data from the German LifE Study, the partnership trajectories between ages of 16 and 45 are classified by sequence and cluster analysis. OLS regression is then used to examine the link between types of partnership trajectories and depression, self-esteem and overall life satisfaction at age 45.
Results:
For women, well-being declined when experiencing unstable non-cohabitational union trajectories or divorce followed by unpartnered post-marital trajectories. Men suffered most from being long-term single. The results could not be explained by selection effects of pre-trajectory well-being.
Conclusion:
While women seem to 'recover' from most of the negative effects of unstable partnership trajectories through a new partnership, for men it was shown that being mainly unpartnered has long-lasting effects on their psychological well-being.
Across continental Europe, educational research samples are often divided by 'migrant background', a binary variable criticized for masking participant heterogeneity and reinforcing exclusionary norms of belonging.
This study endorses more meaningful, representative, and precise research by offering four guiding questions for selecting relevant, social justice oriented, and feasible social categories for collecting and analysing data in psychological and educational research. Using a preregistered empirical example, we first compare selected social categories ('migrant background', family heritage, religion, citizenship, cultural identification, and generation status) in their potential to reveal participant heterogeneity.
Second, we investigate differences in means and relations between variables (discrimination experiences, perceived societal Islamophobia, and national identity) and academic motivation among 1335 adolescents in Germany (48% female, M-age = 14.69). Regression analyses and multigroup SEM revealed differential experiences with and implications of discrimination for academic motivation.
Results highlight the need for a deliberate, transparent use of social categories to make discrimination visible and centre participants' subjective experiences.
This paper sheds new light on the role of communication for cartel formation. Using machine learning to evaluate free-form chat communication among firms in a laboratory experiment, we identify typical communication patterns for both explicit cartel formation and indirect attempts to collude tacitly. We document that firms are less likely to communicate explicitly about price fixing and more likely to use indirect messages when sanctioning institutions are present. This effect of sanctions on communication reinforces the direct cartel-deterring effect of sanctions as collusion is more difficult to reach and sustain without an explicit agreement. Indirect messages have no, or even a negative, effect on prices.
COVID-19
(2021)
We investigate how the economic consequences of the pandemic and the government-mandated measures to contain its spread affect the self-employed — particularly women — in Germany. For our analysis, we use representative, real-time survey data in which respondents were asked about their situation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that among the self-employed, who generally face a higher likelihood of income losses due to COVID-19 than employees, women are about one-third more likely to experience income losses than their male counterparts. We do not find a comparable gender gap among employees. Our results further suggest that the gender gap among the self-employed is largely explained by the fact that women disproportionately work in industries that are more severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis of potential mechanisms reveals that women are significantly more likely to be impacted by government-imposed restrictions, e.g., the regulation of opening hours. We conclude that future policy measures intending to mitigate the consequences of such shocks should account for this considerable variation in economic hardship.
Previous literature has shown that task-based goal-setting and distributed learning is beneficial to university-level course performance. We investigate the effects of making these insights salient to students by sending out goal-setting prompts in a blended learning environment with bi-weekly quizzes. The randomized field experiment in a large mandatory economics course shows promising results: the treated students outperform the control group. They are 18.8% (0.20 SD) more likely to pass the exam and earn 6.7% (0.19 SD) more points on the exam. While we cannot causally disentangle the effects of goal-setting from the prompt sent, we observe that treated students use the online learning platform earlier in the semester and attempt more online exercises compared to the control group. The heterogeneity analysis suggests that higher treatment effects are associated with low performance at the beginning of the course.
One for all, all for one
(2022)
We propose a conceptual model of acceptance of contact tracing apps based on the privacy calculus perspective. Moving beyond the duality of personal benefits and privacy risks, we theorize that users hold social considerations (i.e., social benefits and risks) that underlie their acceptance decisions. To test our propositions, we chose the context of COVID-19 contact tracing apps and conducted a qualitative pre-study and longitudinal quantitative main study with 589 participants from Germany and Switzerland. Our findings confirm the prominence of individual privacy calculus in explaining intention to use and actual behavior. While privacy risks are a significant determinant of intention to use, social risks (operationalized as fear of mass surveillance) have a notably stronger impact. Our mediation analysis suggests that social risks represent the underlying mechanism behind the observed negative link between individual privacy risks and contact tracing apps' acceptance. Furthermore, we find a substantial intention–behavior gap.
In the past years, work-time in many industries has become more flexible, opening up a new channel for intertemporal substitution: workers might, instead of saving, adjust their work-time to smooth consumption. To study this channel, we set up a two-period consumption/saving model with wage uncertainty. This extends the standard saving model by also allowing a worker to allocate a fixed time budget between two work-shifts. To test the comparative statics implied by these two different channels, we conduct a laboratory experiment. A novel feature of our experiments is that we tie income to a real-effort style task. In four treatments, we turn on and off the two channels for consumption smoothing: saving and time allocation. Our main finding is that savings are strictly positive for at least 85 percent of subjects. We find that a majority of subjects also uses time allocation to smooth consumption and use saving and time shifting as substitutes, though not perfect substitutes. Part of the observed heterogeneity of precautionary behavior can be explained by risk preferences and motivations different from expected utility maximization. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and exploiting the staggered implementation of a compulsory schooling reform in West Germany, this article finds that an additional year of schooling lowers the probability of being very concerned about immigration to Germany by around six percentage points (20 percent). Furthermore, our findings imply significant spillovers from maternal education to immigration attitudes of her offspring. While we find no evidence for returns to education within a range of labor market outcomes, higher social trust appears to be an important mechanism behind our findings.
House price expectations
(2023)
This study examines short-, medium-, and long-run price expectations in housing markets. At the heart of our analysis is the combination of data from a tailored in-person household survey, past sale offerings, satellite imagery on developable land, and an information treatment (RCT). As novel finding, we show that price expectations show no evidence for momentum-effects in the long run. We also do not find much evidence for behavioural biases in expectations related to individual housing tenure decisions. Confirming existing findings, we find momentum-effects in the short-run and that individuals, to a limited extend, use aggregate price information to update local expectations. Lastly, we provide suggestive evidence corroborating existing findings that expectations are relevant for portfolio choice.
This study is dedicated to the interdependencies between digital sovereignty and sustainable digitalization, which need to be explicitly linked to an increasing degree in political discourse, academia, and societal debates. Digital skills are the prerequisites for shaping digitalization in the interest of society and sustainable development.
Damit die EU ihre ambitionierten Klimaschutzziele erreichen kann, werden die Preise für Treibhausgasemissionen in den nächsten Jahren spürbar steigen. Das hat ökonomische Auswirkungen für die EU-Mitgliedsländer, aber auch den Rest der Welt. Einzelne Sektoren und auch Volkswirtschaften werden davon unterschiedlich stark getroffen.
Worth the pain?
(2021)
How do exporting firms react to sanctions? Specifically, which firms are willing — or capable — to serve the market of a sanctioned country? We investigate this question for four sanctions episodes using monthly data on the universe of French exporting firms. We draw on recent econometric advances in the estimation of dynamic fixed effects binary choice models. We find that the introduction of new sanctions in Iran and Russia significantly lowered firm-level probabilities of serving these sanctioned markets, while the (temporary) lifting of the U.S. sanctions on Cuba and the removal of sanctions against Myanmar had no or only small trade-inducing effects, respectively. Additionally, the impact of sanctions is very heterogeneous along firm dimensions and by case particularities. Firms that depend more on trade finance instruments are more strongly affected, while prior experience in the sanctioned country considerably softens the blow of sanctions, and firms can be partly immune to the sanctions effect if they are specialized in serving “crisis countries”. Finally, we find suggestive evidence for sanctions avoidance by exporting indirectly via neighboring countries.
Einleitung
(2021)
Das Verhältnis von Gemeinwohl und Gleichheit ist kein spannungsfreies. Soziale Gleichheit ist ein Grundwert liberal-demokratischer Gemeinwesen. Um diese Gleichheit zu bewahren, entwickelten sich im 20. Jahrhundert Konzeptionen von Gemeinwohl, die versuchten, das Gemeinwohl eher prozedural und pluralistisch zu verstehen. Eine zu spezifische, vorher festgelegte Definition des Gemeinwohls sei letzten Endes undemokratisch und ideologisch und somit der sozialen Gleichheit abträglich. In den letzten Jahren haben sich unter dem Oberbegriff des sozialen Egalitarismus jedoch auch die Vorstellungen der sozialen Gleichheit verändert, hin zu einem substanzielleren Verständnis, was die Frage aufwirft, ob prozedurale Gemeinwohlverständnisse ihrer Rolle als Wächter der Gleichheit immer noch gerecht werden können.
Keep on scrolling?
(2023)
Smartphones are an integral part of daily life for many people worldwide. However, concerns have been raised that long usage times and the fragmentation of daily life through smartphone usage are detrimental to well-being. This preregistered study assesses (1) whether differences in smartphone usage behaviors between individuals predict differences in a variety of well-being measures (between-person effects) and (2) whether differences in smartphone usage behaviors between situations predict whether an individual is feeling better or worse (within-person effects). In addition to total usage time, several indicators capturing the fragmentation of usage/nonusage time were developed. The study combines objectively measured smartphone usage with self-reports of well-being in surveys (N = 236) and an experience sampling period (N = 378, n = 5775 datapoints). To ensure the robustness of the results, we replicated our analyses in a second measurement period (surveys: N = 305; experience sampling: N = 534, n = 7287 datapoints) and considered the pattern of effects across different operational definitions and constructs. Results show that individuals who use their smartphone more report slightly lower well-being (between-person effect) but no evidence for within-person effects of total usage time emerged. With respect to fragmentation, we found no robust association with well-being.
Although mothers and fathers in almost all rich democracies are entitled to some form of paid parenting leave, fathers in particular do not take all the leave available to them. As employers play an important role in the implementation of parenting leave policies, this chapter investigates which workplace characteristics influence mothers' and fathers' uptake of their statutory leave entitlements. In Part 1, we estimate the size of the gap between statutory leave entitlement and leave uptake across genders and countries by combining data from the OECD and the European Labor Force Survey. In Parts 2 and 3, we review the literature on structural, cultural, and normative explanations for the gap in parenting leave uptake. We conclude the chapter with suggestions for further research, including the need for reliable data on the size of the implementation gap and research on non-European countries.
Who suffered most?
(2022)
Objective:
This study examines gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parental psychological wellbeing (parenting stress and psychological distress) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
Background:
The dramatic shift of childcare and schooling responsibility from formal institutions to private households during the pandemic has put families under enormous stress and raised concerns about caregivers' health and wellbeing. Despite the overwhelming media attention to families’ wellbeing, to date limited research has examined parenting stress and parental psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Germany.
Method:
We analyzed four waves of panel data (N= 1,771) from an opt-in online survey, which was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021. Multivariable OLS regressions were used to estimate variations in the pandemic's effects on parenting stress and psychological distress by various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.
Results:
Overall, levels of parenting stress and psychological distress increased during the pandemic. During the first and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers, parents with children younger than 11 years, parents with two or more children, parents working from home as well as parents with financial insecurity experienced higher parenting stress than other sociodemographic groups. Moreover, women, respondents with lower incomes, single parents, and parents with younger children experienced higher levels of psychological distress than other groups.
Conclusion:
Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parents' psychological wellbeing increased among the study participants during the pandemic.
Phone surveys have increasingly become important data collection tools in developing countries, particularly in the context of sudden contact restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. So far, there is limited evidence regarding the potential of the messenger service WhatsApp for remote data collection despite its large global coverage and expanding membership. WhatsApp may offer advantages in terms of reducing panel attrition and cutting survey costs. WhatsApp may offer additional benefits to migration scholars interested in cross-border migration behavior which is notoriously difficult to measure using conventional face-to-face surveys. In this field experiment, we compared the response rates between WhatsApp and interactive voice response (IVR) modes using a sample of 8446 contacts in Senegal and Guinea. At 12%, WhatsApp survey response rates were nearly eight percentage points lower than IVR survey response rates. However, WhatsApp offers higher survey completion rates, substantially lower costs and does not introduce more sample selection bias compared to IVR. We discuss the potential of WhatsApp surveys in low-income contexts and provide practical recommendations for field implementation.
Er stellte die Entwicklung der Universität Basel an der Schwelle vom Mittelalter zur Frühen Neuzeit bis zum 17. Jahrhundert dar und unterstrich ihre Bedeutung für die nichtkatholischen Studenten aus den Nachbarländern nach dem Beginn der Reformation: Die hiesige Universität war nämlich zudem ein idealer Ort, an dem sich sowohl frankophone Studenten als auch reformierte Studenten aus Frankreich, dem Herzogtum Savoyen-Piemont, England oder Italien als Glaubensflüchtlinge einschreiben konnten. Basel diente zudem als Transituniversität bei Bildungsreisen durch Europa im Rahmen der peregrinatio academica. Neben Basel widmete sich Asche auch den reformierten Hohen Schulen bzw. Akademien in Zürich, Bern, Lausanne und Genf sowie deren Stellung im schweizerischen Bildungssystem der Frühen Neuzeit; er erklärte deren Funktion (vornehmlich für die Pfarrerausbildung) sowie die regionale und soziale Herkunft der dortigen Studentenschaft, die ebenfalls teilweise aus dem Ausland stammte.
Wie hat sich die COVID-19 Pandemie auf geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten im Arbeitsleben und dem subjektiven Wohlbefinden Erwerbstätiger ausgewirkt? Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage analysiert dieser Beitrag drei Wellen einer nicht zufallsbasierten Onlinestichprobe für den Zeitraum Mitte März bis Anfang August 2020 und umfassen damit den Zeitraum des ersten Lockdowns. Die Ergebnisse unserer multivariaten Analysen zeigen: Frauen, Eltern und insbesondere Mütter waren überdurchschnittlich von Arbeitszeitreduzierungen betroffen. Bei der Wahrscheinlichkeit im Homeoffice zu arbeiten gab es nur geringfügige Unterschiede nach Geschlecht und Familiensituation. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit, dem Familienleben und dem Leben insgesamt ging bei Frauen, Eltern und insbesondere Müttern überproportional stark zurück. Die beobachteten Unterschiede verringern sich gegen Ende des Lockdowns wieder, jedoch unterschiedlich stark für die einzelnen Ergebnisdimensionen.
How can labour market institutions make workers confident about their economic future? While quantitative studies have repeatedly shown that countries’ labour market regulations and policies are related to variations in workers’ perceived job security, these studies did not explain how these institutions affect workers’ perceptions and expectations. This study seeks to close this gap by analysing qualitative interview data collected on employees in Germany and the U.S. during the great financial crisis (2009–2010). The study's main finding is that policies vary in their effectiveness at making workers feel secure about their jobs. While unemployment assistance can reduce workers’ worries about job loss, dismissal protection does not seem to effectively increase workers’ confidence that their jobs are secure. Overall, employees know relatively little about the policies and regulations that are meant to protect them and have limited trust in their effectiveness. Individual and organisational characteristics seem to be more relevant for employees’ feelings of job security than national-level policies. In particular, comparisons with others who have lower levels of protection increase workers’ perceived security. These insights are particularly important in light of the ongoing changes in the world of work that are making workers’ lives more uncertain and insecure.
A growing number of studies have recently postulated a so-called local turn in the study of immigrant and refugee integration policy. A fundamental, yet untested, assumption of this body of research is that local (sub-national) policies and administrations shape how migrants and refugees integrate into society. We develop and apply an analytical model using multilevel modeling techniques based on large-N, longitudinal survey data (N > 9000) with refugees (2012–2018) in a highly decentralized country (Germany) to estimate the scope for local policy effects net of individual-level and state- and district-level characteristics. We show that region and district-level variation in integration outcomes across multiple dimensions (employment, education, language, housing, social) is limited (∼5%) within 4–8 years after immigration. We find modest variation in policy indicators (∼10%), which do not appear to directly translate into outcomes. We discuss implications for the study of local policies and the potential for greater convergence between administrative and political science, interested in governance structures and policy variation, and sociology and economics, interested primarily in integration outcomes.
In a comparison of three human service organisations in which the human body plays a key role, we examine how organisations regulate religious body practices. We concentrate on Muslim norms of dressing and undressing as a potential focal point of cultural and religious diversity. Inspired by Ray’s (2019) idea of racialized organizations, we assume that state-run organizations in Germany are characterized by a strong commitment to religious tolerance and non-discrimination but also marked by anti- Muslim sentiment prevalent among the German population. Our study looks for mechanism that explain how Human Service Organizations accommodate Muslim body practices. It draws on qualitative empirical data collected in state-run hospitals, schools and swimming pools in Germany. Our analyses show that the organizations draw on formal and informal rules at the organizational level to accommodate Islam. We identify five general organizational mechanisms that may hinder Muslim accommodation in human service organizations. In particular, we see a risk of decoupling between the expectation of religious tolerance and processes that lead to informal discrimination, driven mainly by the difficulty of controlling group dynamics among users.
Risky journeys
(2022)
In response to well-documented harms inflicted on irregular migrants attempting to travel from West Africa to Europe, various actors have scaled up information interventions to counter misinformation by smuggling networks and facilitate safe migration decisions. Many interventions include information on the potential dangers involved in migration. However, there is a striking lack of empirical evidence assessing a key assumption of campaign effectiveness, that is the relationship between risk perceptions and the decision to migrate irregularly. This study contributes an empirical account based on two independently collected surveys in Senegal and Guinea. Consistent with rational choice theories on migration decisions under uncertainty, the results suggest that higher risk perceptions are consistently and strongly associated with reduced intentions to migrate irregularly. Yet, the explanatory power of risk perceptions depends on context and is generally less important than structural and socio-economic factors.
Schließung, soziale
(2020)
In Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft führt Weber das Konzept »offener« und »geschlossener« sozialer Beziehungen (s. Kap. II.4) als § 10 der Soziologischen Grundbegriffe systematisch nach der Unterscheidung von »Vergemeinschaftung « und »Vergesellschaftung« (WuG, 21 § 9) ein. Während das soziale Handeln (s. Kap. II.16) bei der ersten dieser beiden Formen sozialer Beziehungen auf affektuell oder traditional begründeter Zusammengehörigkeit von Individuen beruht, gründet es bei der zweiten auf der wert- oder zweckrationalen Orientierung ihres Handelns. Trotz dieser wichtigen, anhand seiner Handlungstypen getroffenen Unterscheidung, macht Weber dann allerdings zugleich deutlich, dass im Hinblick auf Prozesse sozialer Schließung kein Unterschied darin besteht, ob es sich um subjektiv gefühlte oder rational motivierte Zusammengehörigkeiten dreht. Vielmehr gilt jegliche soziale Beziehung nach außen hin als »offen«, »wenn und insoweit die Teilnahme an dem an ihrem Sinngehalt orientierten gegenseitigen Handeln, welches sie konstituiert, nach ihren geltenden Ordnungen niemand verwehrt wird, der dazu tatsächlich in der Lage und geneigt ist« (ebd., 23).
Im Rahmen eines einjährigen Entwicklungsprozesses wurde das Fragebogenmodul "Einstellungen zu sozialer Ungleichheit" unter der Leitung der Infrastruktureinrichtung SOEP entwickelt und in der 38. Welle der Haupterhebung des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels erstmalig erhoben. Das finale Fragebogenmodul umfasst 43 Items zu den Themenbereichen Soziale Vergleiche, Soziale Mobilität, Sozialstaat und Nicht-materielle Ungleichheit. In der Tradition des SOEP als forschungsbasierte Infrastruktureinrichtung erfolgte die Fragebogenentwicklung in enger Zusammenarbeit mit externen Forschenden aus dem Bereich der Einstellungs- und Ungleichheitsforschung. Neben der etablierten Nutzung des SOEP Innovation Samples (SOEP-IS) für quantitative Pretests neu entwickelter Fragen kam erstmals ein kognitiver Pretest zum Einsatz. Der vorliegende Bericht dokumentiert den Entwicklungsprozess von der Konzeption bis zum finalen Fragebogen.
The digitization process has triggered a profound transformation of modern societies. It encompasses a broad spectrum of technical, social, political, cultural and economic developments related to the mass use of computer- and internet-based technologies. It is now becoming increasingly clear that digitization is also changing existing structures of social inequality and that new structures of digital inequality are emerging. This is shown by a growing number of recent individual studies. In this paper, we set ourselves the task of systematizing this new research within the framework of an empirically supported literature review. To do so, we use the PRISMA model for literature reviews and focus on three central dimensions of inequality - ethnicity, gender, and age - and their relevance within the discourse on digitization and inequality. The empirical basis consists of journal articles published between 2000 and 2020 and listed on the Web of Science, as well as an additional Google Scholar search, through which we attempt to include important monographs and contributions to edited volumes in our analyses. Our text corpus thus comprises a total of 281 articles. Empirically, our literature review shows that unequal access to digital resources largely reproduces existing structures of inequality; in some cases, studies report a reduction in social inequalities as a result of the digitization process.
Stress-Test Sozialamt
(2022)
Im Vergleich mit dem Privatsektor weist die öffentliche Verwaltung eine stark erhöhte Krankenstandsquote auf. Psychische Erkrankungen, welche in den letzten 12 Jahren massiv zugenommen haben, spielen dabei eine herausragende Rolle. Im Allgemeinen wird dies auf eine gesteigerte Arbeitsbelastung (z.B. in Folge des Personalmangels) zurückgeführt. Das Projekt „Stress-Test Sozialamt. Psychische Belastungen in der Sozialverwaltung“ soll dazu beitragen, die Verwaltungs-BürgerInnen-Interaktion näher zu beleuchten und den Blick auf Anforderungen und Konsequenzen für die Beteiligten vor allem im Hinblick auf das persönliche Stressniveau und die psychosoziale Gesundheit zu richten. Untersucht wurden Faktoren, die die psychische Gesundheit von VerwaltungsmitarbeiterInnen und das Verhalten von BürgerInnen in Interaktionen mit der Verwaltung darstellen sowie deren wechselseitigen Effekte zueinander. Das verwendete theoretische Modell geht davon aus, dass Stress dann auftritt, wenn (berufliche) Anforderungen (z.B. Arbeitsumfang) und Ressourcen (z.B. Unterstützung durch KollegInnen) nicht im Gleichgewicht stehen. Gerade bei langfristigem Missverhältnis ohne konstruktive Lösungsstrategie kann dies negative Folgen auf die individuelle Gesundheit nehmen.Mittels Multimethoden-Ansatz wurden Ergebnisse aus verschiedenen Quellen trianguliert und umfassend erfasst. Basis der Datenerhebung bildeten ExpertInnen-Interviews mit Mitarbeitenden und Führungskräften der teilnehmenden Sozialämter. Darauf aufbauend fanden teilnehmende Beobachtungen vor Ort und Befragungen von KundInnen und Mitarbeitenden per Kurzfragebögen nach direkten Interaktionen während der Sprechzeiten statt. Als letzter Schritt wurde schließlich eine Gesamtbefragung aller Mitarbeitenden der teilnehmenden Sozialämter durchgeführt. Aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie erfolgte letztere jedoch verzögert.
Die erhobenen Daten lassen auf ein heterogenes Stressbild der Mitarbeitenden schließen, wobei deutliche Ausschläge am oberen Ende der Skala zu verzeichnen sind. Ein Teil der Belegschaft ist demnach überdurchschnittlich gestresst. Zwar führt Stress nicht unmittelbar zur Beeinträchtigung der Leistungsfähigkeit. Ein dauerhaft erhöhtes Niveau zieht jedoch gesundheitliche wie psychische Folgen nach sich. Die hohe Stressbelastung lässt sich aufgrund der hier durchgeführten Datenerhebung im Wesentlichen auf hohe Arbeitsanforderungen zurückführen, was eine dauerhafte Belastung darstellen könnte. Weitere Stressquellen ergeben sich aus den hohen psychologischen Anforderungen der Arbeit, der eigentlichen Interaktion mit BürgerInnen sowie in Teilen einer unzureichenden Attraktivität des Arbeitsplatzes (z.B. durch fehlende Sauberkeit, Lärmbelästigung etc.). Aufgrund dieser Schlussfolgerungen wird daher empfohlen, aktives Gesundheitsmanagement und Sportkurse in den Ämtern auszubauen. Weiterhin sollte die gegenseitige und professionelle Supervision intensiviert werden. Um die Personalsituation zu verbessern, müssen Personalanwerbung und Einstellungsprozesse auf den Prüfstand gestellt werden. Weiterhin gilt es, die allgemeine Attraktivität des Arbeitsplatzes zu erhöhen, indem Großraumbüros in Bereichen mit KundInnenkontakt vermieden, technische Ausstattung und räumliche Begebenheiten verbessert werden. Nicht zuletzt müssen Amtsleitung und Führungskräfte informellen Austausch stärken und fördern sowie organisationale Lernprozesse ausbauen und etablieren.
Hochwasser, Brände, Stromausfälle oder Vandalismus – Kulturgüter können durch verschiedene Ereignisse gefährdet oder gar zerstört werden. Die Notfallvorsorge für Kulturgüter gehört zwar zu den Kernaufgaben von Kultureinrichtungen, doch nach wie vor fehlen vielerorts die nötigen Ressourcen sowie eine konsequente Koordination aller für einen effektiven Kulturgutschutz notwendigen Partner. Das Diskussionspapier „Organisatorische Voraussetzungen der Notfallvorsorge für Kulturgüter“ fasst die bereits etablierten Methoden zur Notfallvorsorge zusammen und gibt Empfehlungen zur Weiterentwicklung.
Einleitung
(2023)
Das Handbuch Organisationssoziologie liefert einen umfassenden Überblick über die Entwicklung, den Stand und die Zukunft der Organisationssoziologie als wissenschaftliche Disziplin. Dabei geht es sowohl um die systematische Aufnahme relevanter Theoriestränge, Methoden und Konzepte als auch um die Wechselbeziehungen, Überschneidungen und Komplementaritäten zu Nachbardisziplinen, die in einem Dialog aufgenommen werden. Das Handbuch vermittelt so einen eigenständigen Zugriff auf die Organisationssoziologie und bündelt gleichzeitig dessen Wissen auf dem neuesten Stand. Darüber soll es zu einem Standardwerk zur Organisationssoziologie im deutschsprachigen Raum werden.
Führung in Teilzeit?
(2023)
Teilzeitarbeit in Führungsetagen ist eine Ausnahme, obwohl das Thema Arbeitszeitreduzierung durch veränderte Familienarrangements und zunehmende berufliche Belastung wichtiger geworden ist. Daran hat weder der seit mehr als 20 Jahren bestehende Rechtsanspruch auf einen Teilzeitarbeitsplatz noch das im Jahr 2019 eingeführte Rückkehrrecht auf einen Vollzeitarbeitsplatz nach zeitlich begrenzten Arbeitszeitreduktionen etwas geändert. Dieser Beitrag nutzt Daten der Europäischen Arbeitskräfteerhebung, um Teilzeitarbeit von Führungskräften in Deutschland sowohl im zeitlichen als auch im internationalen Vergleich einzuordnen und damit ein empirisches Fundament für die gesellschaftliche Diskussion um Teilzeitführungskräfte zu legen. Die Auswertungen zeigen: In Deutschland arbeiteten im Jahr 2019 laut eigener Aussage rund 14 % der Führungskräfte in Teilzeit. Im europäischen Vergleich gehört Deutschland damit zu den Ländern mit dem höchsten Anteil an teilzeitarbeitenden Führungskräften. Die Auswertungen zeigen auch, dass in Deutschland der Anteil der weiblichen Führungskräfte in Teilzeit mit rund 32 % deutlich über dem der männlichen Führungskräfte liegt (rund 3 %) und es große Unterschiede nach Altersgruppen gibt. Als Motiv für eine Arbeitszeitreduktion geben Führungskräfte, insbesondere Frauen, zumeist Pflege- und Betreuungsverpflichtungen an.
Cross-national variation in the relationship between welfare generosity and single mother employment
(2022)
Reform of the U.S. welfare system in 1996 spurred claims that cuts to welfare programs effectively incentivized single mothers to find employment. It is difficult to assess the veracity of those claims, however, absent evidence of how the relationship between welfare benefits and single mother employment generalizes across countries. This study combines data from the European Union Labour Force Survey and the U.S. Current Population Survey (1992-2015) into one of the largest samples of single mothers ever, testing the relationships between welfare generosity and single mothers’ employment and work hours. We find no consistent evidence of a negative relationship between welfare generosity and single mother employment outcomes. Rather, we find tremendous cross-national heterogeneity, which does not clearly correspond to well-known institutional variations. Our findings demonstrate the limitations of single country studies and the pervasive, salient interactions between institutional contexts and social policies.
In response to mounting evidence of harm inflicted on irregular migrants along their journeys from West Africa to Europe, international organizations, civil society organizations, and governments have scaled up campaigns as a tool for raising awareness about the risks of irregular migration. Campaigns aim to counter misinformation by smugglers and facilitate safe migration decisions. Despite the growing number of interventions, there is limited empirical evidence on the impact and effectiveness of such campaigns. Based on a difference-in-difference design, this study investigates the effect of a mobile cinema and community discussion intervention on the perceptions, knowledge, and intentions of potential irregular migrants in Northern Guinea in 2019. The results show that potential migrants who participated in events were significantly more likely to show awareness gains and less likely to report high intentions to migrate irregularly. While the relative importance of risk perceptions and their impact on migration flows remain unclear, the findings provide evidence supporting the assumption that risk awareness can be a relevant factor in the decision-making process of potential irregular migrants. While campaigns may be an effective tool in certain contexts, effect sizes highlight the need for policymakers to keep realistic expectations.
Web scraping, a technique for extracting data from web pages, has been in use for decades, yet its utilization in the field of migration, mobility, and migrant integration studies has been limited. The field faces notorious limitations regarding data access and availability, particularly in low-income settings. Web scraping has the potential to provide new datasets for further qualitative and quantitative analysis. Web scraping requires no financial resources, is agnostic to epistemic divides in the field, reduces researcher bias, and increases transparency and replicability of data collection. As large providers of digital data such as Facebook or Twitter increasingly restrict access to their data for researchers, web scraping will become more important in the future and deserves its place in the toolbox of migration and mobility scholars. This short and nontechnical methods note introduces the fundamental concepts of web scraping, provides guidance on how to learn the technique, showcases practical applications of web scraping in the study of migrant populations, and discusses potential future use cases.
Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert die niedersächsische Polizeiaffäre aus einer Perspektive, die sich für das Zusammenspiel von Recht und Organisationen interessiert. Zunächst argumentieren wir, dass Recht in Organisationen nicht aus sich heraus wirkt, es benötigt Akteur:innen, die es durchsetzen. Diese sitzen formal auf bestimmten Relaisstellen, deren Funktion es ist, dem Recht Geltung zu verschaffen. Im vorliegenden Fall, so zeigen wir, versagen diese Relaisstellen. Recht dient am Ende weniger dem Schutz der Betroffenen als vielmehr dem Schutz der Organisation.
Einleitung
Pflege in Deutschland befindet sich in einem Veränderungsprozess. Die politisch forcierte Zuwanderung von Pflegekräften sowie die Akademisierung führen zu einem enormen Anpassungsdruck bei allen Beteiligten. Wie wirkt sich dies auf den Arbeitsalltag aus?
Methoden
Die qualitative Datenbasis umfasst bisher 36 Tage Teilnehmende Beobachtung, 17 Themenzentrierte Leitfadeninterviews sowie vier Gruppendiskussionen in vier Pflegeteams zweier Krankenhäuser. Die Analyse erfolgt mit der Dokumentarischen Methode.
Ergebnisse
Am Beispiel der Grundpflege (u. A. dem „Waschen“) wird deutlich, wie die Pflegeteams ihren Arbeitsalltag neu aushandeln. Die Teams mit einer hohen migrationsbezogenen Diversität argumentieren eher, dass die Aufgaben der Grund- und Behandlungspflege entsprechend der Qualifikation als Hilfs- oder Fachkraft erledigt werden sollen. Hier treten stereotype (kulturalisierende) Zuschreibungen in den Hintergrund. Demgegenüber berufen sich Pflegeteams mit einer niedrigen migrationsbezogenen Diversität eher darauf, dass die Grundpflege in Deutschland – anders als in anderen Ländern – zu den Aufgaben einer examinierten Pflegefachkraft zählt. Kolleg*innen aus dem Ausland wird die pflegerische Kompetenz daher eher abgesprochen.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Frage nach der Aufteilung von Grund- und Behandlungspflege, ist auf allen Stationen virulent. Die Teams entwickeln jedoch in Abhängigkeit von ihrer spezifischen Heterogenität unterschiedliche Umgangsweisen. Demzufolge sollte sich Personal- und Organisationsentwicklung insbesondere an den Pflegeteams orientieren.
Background:
Like most countries, Germany is currently recruiting international nurses due to staff shortages. While these are mostly academic, the academisation of nursing in Germany has only just begun. This allows for a broader look at the participation of migrant nurses: How do care teams deal with the fact that immigrant colleagues are theoretically more highly qualified than long-established colleagues?
Methods:
Case studies were conducted in four inpatient care teams of two hospitals in 2022. Qualitative data include 26 observation protocols, 4 group discussions and 17 guided interviews. These were analysed using the documentary method and validated intersubjectively.
Results:
Due to current academisation efforts in Germany and the immigration of academised nursing staff from abroad, the areas of activity and responsibility of nursing in Germany are under negotiating pressure. This concerns basic care for example, which in Germany is provided by skilled workers, but in other countries is mostly provided by assistants or relatives. The question of who should provide basic care, whether all nurses or only nursing assistants, documents the struggle between an established and a new understanding of care. In this context, the knowledge and skills of migrant and academicised care workers become a crucial aspect in the struggle for a new professional identity for care in Germany.
Conclusions:
The specific situation in Germany makes it possible to show the potential for change that international care migration can constitute for destination countries. The far-reaching process of change of German nursing is given a further dimension not only by its academization, but by the immigration of international and academically trained nursing staff, where inclusive or exclusive effects can already be observed.
Key messages: The increasing proportion of migrant nurses accelerates the current discussion on nursing in Germany. Conflict areas show up in everyday work of care teams and must be addressed there.
Militär
(2022)
Das Militär hat besondere Bedeutung für die Formung des männlichen Körpers vor allem durch Drill und militärisch geprägte Leibesübungen. Dadurch sollen Soldat*innen tauglich dafür gemacht werden, die Verletzungen des eigenen Körpers, Schmerzen, Durst und Hunger zu ertragen. Die gegenwärtige technologisch unterstütze asymmetrische Kriegsführung ist auch darauf ausgerichtet, die Gefahren für den soldatischen Körper zu reduzieren.
Ramadan in der Schule
(2023)
Wenn Schüler:innen im Ramadan fasten, müssen Schulen sowohl die Religionsausübung respektieren, als auch ihrem Bildungsauftrag nachkommen. Die daraus erwachsenden Herausforderungen werden vor allem an die Lehrkräfte und weniger an formale Bildungsstrukturen adressiert. Beim Versuch, diese widersprüchlichen Erwartungen als einzelne Lehrkraft zu bewältigen, entstehen Risiken für Diskriminierung. Unser Beitrag zeigt damit beispielhaft den Zusammenhang von schulorganisatorischen Rahmenbedingungen und Diskriminierungsrisiken auf.
Der Umgang mit Diversität in militärischen Organisationen wird auf drei Ebenen diskutiert: Auf der ersten geht es um Gemeinsamkeiten und die typischen Diskurse um Vielfalt in den Streitkräften. Auf der zweiten wird aufgezeigt, wie unterschiedlich in den Streitkräften um Diversität gerungen wird. Auf der dritten Ebene wird auf die mikropolitischen Auseinandersetzungen innerhalb von Streitkräften eingegangen. Deutlich gemacht wird in dem Beitrag, wie vielfältig der Umgang mit Diversität in den Streitkräften ist.
Im Zentrum dieser Forschungsnotiz steht die Frage nach der Bewertung von Einkommensungleichheit in der österreichischen Gegenwartsgesellschaft. Anhand von ISSP- und SSÖ-Daten können unsere Analysen diesbezüglich zeigen, dass Einkommensungleichheit von einer großen Mehrheit aktuell als zu hoch wahrgenommen wird. Zudem sehen die Menschen in Österreich sehr häufig den Staat in der Verantwortung Einkommensungleichheit abzubauen; viel häufiger als das in anderen europäischen Ländern der Fall ist. Während der Bereich Gesundheit und Pension seit Mitte der 1980er von der überwiegenden Mehrheit als staatliche Aufgabe gesehen wurde, liegt die Verantwortung für den Abbau von Einkommensungleichheit auf einem niedrigeren Zustimmungsniveau. Die Befürwortung der Absicherung von Arbeitslosen als Verantwortung des Staats nimmt aktuell eher ab, trotz der gestiegenen Arbeitslosigkeit zu Beginn der Pandemie. Schließlich zeigen unsere Regressionsanalysen, dass Unterschiede in der Beurteilung von Einkommensungleichheiten u. a. durch sozio-demographische Faktoren, die berufliche Stellung, das Haushaltseinkommen aber auch durch persönliche Einstellungen und Gerechtigkeitsüberzeugungen erklärt werden können.