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The European Values Education (EVE) project is a large-scale, cross-national, and longitudinal survey research programme on basic human values. The main topic of its second stage was religion in Europe. Student teachers of several universities in Europe worked together in multicultural exchange groups. Their results are presented in this issue.
SNS Democracy Council 2023
(2023)
Transboundary problems such as climate change, military conflicts, trade barriers, and refugee flows require increased collaboration across borders. This is to a large extent possible using existing international organizations. In such a case, however, they need to be considerably strengthened – while current trends take us in the opposite direction, according to the researchers in the SNS Democracy Council 2023.
Touring Katutura!
(2016)
Guided sightseeing tours of the former township of Katutura have been offered in Windhoek since the mid-1990s. City tourism in the Namibian capital had thus become, at quite an early point in time, part of the trend towards utilising poor urban areas for purposes of tourism – a trend that set in at the beginning of the same decade. Frequently referred to as “slum tourism” or “poverty tourism”, the phenomenon of guided tours around places of poverty has not only been causing some media sensation and much public outrage since its emergence; in the past few years, it has developed into a vital field of scientific research, too. “Global Slumming” provides the grounds for a rethinking of the relationship between poverty and tourism in world society.
This book is the outcome of a study project of the Institute of Geography at the School of Cultural Studies and Social Science of the University of Osnabrueck, Germany. It represents the first empirical case study on township tourism in Namibia. It focuses on four aspects:
1. Emergence, development and (market) structure of township tourism in Windhoek
2. Expectations/imaginations, representations as well as perceptions of the township and its inhabitants from the tourist’s perspective
3. Perception and assessment of township tourism from the residents’ perspective
4. Local economic effects and the poverty-alleviating impact of township tourism
The aim is to make an empirical contribution to the discussion around the tourism-poverty nexus and to an understanding of the global phenomenon of urban poverty tourism.
Global Legitimacy Crises
(2022)
Global Legitimacy Crises addresses the consequences of legitimacy in global governance, in particular asking: when and how do legitimacy crises affect international organizations and their capacity to rule. The book starts with a new conceptualization of legitimacy crisis that looks at public challenges from a variety of actors. Based on this conceptualization, it applies a mixed-methods approach to identify and examine legitimacy crises, starting with a quantitative analysis of mass media data on challenges of a sample of 32 IOs. It shows that some, but not all organizations have experienced legitimacy crises, spread over several decades from 1985 to 2020. Following this, the book presents a qualitative study to further examine legitimacy crises of two selected case studies: the WTO and the UNFCCC. Whereas earlier research assumed that legitimacy crises have negative consequences, the book introduces a theoretical framework that privileges the activation inherent in a legitimacy crisis. It holds that this activation may not only harm an IO, but could also strengthen it, in terms of its material, institutional, and decision-making capacity. The following statistical analysis shows that whether a crisis has predominantly negative or positive effects depends on a variety of factors. These include the specific audience whose challenges define a certain crisis, and several institutional properties of the targeted organization. The ensuing in-depth analysis of the WTO and the UNFCCC further reveals how legitimacy crises and both positive and negative consequences are interlinked, and that effects of crises are sometimes even visible beyond the organizational borders.
The European Values Education (EVE) project is a large-scale, cross-national, and longitudinal survey research programme on basic human values. The main topic of its second stage was family values in Europe. Student teachers of several universities in Europe worked together in multicultural exchange groups. Their results are presented in this issue.
This research is about local actors' response to problems of uneven development and unemployment. Policies to combat these problems are usually connected to socio-economic regeneration in England and economic and employment promotion (Wirtschafts- und Beschäftigungsförderung) in Germany. The main result of this project is a description of those factors which support the emergence of local socio-economic initiatives aimed at job creation. Eight social and formal economy initiatives have been examined and the ways in which their emergence has been influenced by institutional factors has been analysed. The role of local actors and forms of governance as well as wider regional and national policy frameworks has been taken into account. Socio-economic initiatives have been defined as non-routine local projects or schemes with the objective of direct job creation. Such initiatives often focus on specific local assets for the formal or the social economy. Socio-economic initiatives are grounded on ideas of local economic development, and the creation of local jobs for local people. The adopted understanding of governance focuses on the processes of decision taking. Thus, this understanding of governance is broadly construed to include the ways in which actors in addition to traditional government manage urban development. The applied understanding of governance lays a focus on 'strategic' forms of decision taking about both long term objectives and short term action linked to socio-economic regeneration. Four old industrial towns in North England and East Germany have been selected for case studies due to their particular socio-economic background. These towns, with between 10.000 and 70.000 inhabitants, are located outside of the main agglomerations and bear central functions for their hinterland. The approach has been comparative, with a focus on examining common themes rather than gaining in-depth knowledge of a single case. Until now, most urban governance studies have analysed the impacts of particular forms of governance such as regeneration partnerships. This project looks at particular initiatives and poses the question to what extent their emergence can be understood as a result of particular forms of governance, local institutional factors or regional and national contexts.
Contents: 1. Capitalist societies as market-bargaining societies on the basis of resources of action: The idealtypical bargain between capital and labour; an alternative to Marx' theory of exploitation - Discussion of the model 2. A general typology of paths of societies in history and a characterisation of state socialism - People's capitalisms as perspective of development - What remains from Marx' ideas? 3. Variations of welfare capitalism after the decline of state socialism 3.1 National differences of welfare capitalism 3.2 Overall inequality of income and overall class consciousness 3.3 Explaining income inequality and variation in class consciousness by class and gender 3.3.1 A test of different class models in the FRG 3.3.2 Developing an international model of gendered occupational and employment status as bundles of resources of action 4. Summary
Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Migration and Assimilation – Theoretical Approaches 2.1 Meaning and Definition of the Terms Migration and Migrant 2.2 Milton M. Gordon – Sub Processes of Assimilation 2.3 Hartmut Esser - Acculturation, Integration, and Assimilation 2.4 The Concept of Integration and Assimilation 2.5 Straight–line Assimilation and its Implications 2.6 Segmented Assimilation and its Implications 3. Social Inequality and Welfare – Theoretical Approaches 3.1 Dimensions of Inequality 3.2 Welfare Regimes and Social Inequality 3.3 Migration, Assimilation and Inequality 4. Research Design 4.1 Research Question and General Proceeding 4.2 Sample and Data Base 4.3 Operationalisation and Indicators 5. Migration, Welfare and Inequality in Three European Countries 6. Empirical Results 6.1 Performance of Migrants Compared With Natives 6.2 Different Trajectories of Assimilation 6.3 Trajectories of Segmented Assimilation and their Determinants 6.4 Policies, Attitudes and Assimilation – An Aggregate Analysis 6.5 Summary – What Determines the Performance of Migrants? 7. Discussion of Empirical Results in Terms of Theoretical Approaches 7.1 The Situation of Migrants in Three European Countries 7.2 Assessment of the Trajectories of Assimilation 8. Conclusion – Future Prospects of Migration in Europe