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This chapter consists of three parts. In the first part, I will give a short overview about the integration of the protection of the environment into German constitutional law. This section will start with the presentation of the relevant provision, Art. 20a BL. Then, I will elaborate on its legal character. In the second part, I will make some brief remarks on the practical implications of Art. 20a BL. Finally, I will present some preliminary conclusions.
The power of opposition
(2022)
Proposing a novel way to look at the consolidation of democratic regimes, this book presents important theoretical and empirical contributions to the study of democratic consolidation, legislative organization, and public opinion.
Theoretically, Simone Wegmann brings legislatures into focus as the main body representing both winners and losers of democratic elections. Empirically, Wegmann shows that the degree of policy-making power of opposition players varies considerably between countries. Using survey data from the CSES, the ESS, and the LAPOP and systematically analyzing more than 50 legislatures across the world and the specific rights they grant to opposition players during the policy-making process, Wegmann demonstrates that neglecting the curial role of the legislature in a democratic setting can only lead to an incomplete assessment of the importance of institutions for democratic consolidation.
The Power of Opposition will be of great interest to scholars of comparative politics, especially those working on questions related to legislative organization, democratic consolidation, and/or public opinion.
Voided space-charge electrets : piezoelectric transducer materials for electro-acoustic applications
(2004)
Decubitus is one of the most relevant diseases in nursing and the most expensive to treat. It is caused by sustained pressure on tissue, so it particularly affects bed-bound patients. This work lays a foundation for pressure mattress-based decubitus prophylaxis by implementing a solution to the single-frame 2D Human Pose Estimation problem.
For this, methods of Deep Learning are employed. Two approaches are examined, a coarse-to-fine Convolutional Neural Network for direct regression of joint coordinates and a U-Net for the derivation of probability distribution heatmaps.
We conclude that training our models on a combined dataset of the publicly available Bodies at Rest and SLP data yields the best results. Furthermore, various preprocessing techniques are investigated, and a hyperparameter optimization is performed to discover an improved model architecture.
Another finding indicates that the heatmap-based approach outperforms direct regression.
This model achieves a mean per-joint position error of 9.11 cm for the Bodies at Rest data and 7.43 cm for the SLP data.
We find that it generalizes well on data from mattresses other than those seen during training but has difficulties detecting the arms correctly.
Additionally, we give a brief overview of the medical data annotation tool annoto we developed in the bachelor project and furthermore conclude that the Scrum framework and agile practices enhanced our development workflow.
Our aim was to assess the psychosocial well-being of asthmatic children and adolescents, the influencing factors, and to determine the effect of inpatient rehabilitation on their quality of life; 226 asthmatic children and adolescents participated in the inpatient rehabilitation (IG). The comparison group (CG) included 92 asthmatic children and adolescents receiving standard medical treatments. Patients were aged between 8 and 16 years and were predominantly male. The health-related quality of life was measured with the German version of the "Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire." Interviews were carried out for IG 2 weeks before the commencement of their inpatient stay and 1 year after their stay ended. The same time schedule was carried out for CG. All patients reported a mild to moderate impairment of their quality of life. Girls described a slightly lower quality of life than boys. With increasing asthma severity, quality of life decreased. Inpatients described a lower quality of life than CG at enrollment. Inpatient rehabilitation resulted in a greater improvement of quality of life over time for IG than for CG. Gender and severity status had no effect on this time course. The only modestly affected quality of life may reflect the good adaptation to the disease and medical treatment. Children and adolescents in the IG recorded improvements in their quality of life. Differences in quality of life based on gender and disease severity were not shown to influence the improvements. In summary, inpatient rehabilitation results in an improvement of health-related quality of life. Further research concerning the psychosocial situation of children and adolescents in this setting is needed
Settlement on suitable substrata under favourable environmental conditions is an important factor for a successful recruitment of adult populations of Dreissena polymorpha. Therefore, the pattern of settlement of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) larvae at different depths was studied in Lake Constance. Maximum densities of larvae and newly settled juvenile mussels were observed at 4m depth, while only single settlement episodes were recorded at greater depths (15 m and 30 m). Temperature fluctuation was used as a surrogate parameter for internal seiches. Biotic and abiotic parameters were subjected to a principal component analysis (PCA). The tight coupling of the internal seiches, larval abundance and settlement at 4-m depth vs. the lack of coupling of the latter two variables at greater depths indicated that water currents transported settling larvae to the substrata at greater depth. Our data suggest that physical factors, such as boundary mixing and internal seiches, should be considered as sources of variability in settlement.
The management of knowledge in organizations considers both established long-term
processes and cooperation in agile project teams. Since knowledge can be both tacit and explicit, its transfer from the individual to the organizational knowledge base poses a challenge in organizations. This challenge increases when the fluctuation of knowledge carriers is exceptionally high. Especially in large projects in which external consultants are involved, there is a risk that critical, company-relevant knowledge generated in the project will leave the company with the external knowledge carrier and thus be lost. In this paper, we show the advantages of an early warning system for knowledge management to avoid this loss. In particular, the potential of visual analytics in the context of knowledge management systems is presented and discussed. We present a project for the development of a business-critical software system and discuss the first implementations and results.
Social institutions
(2024)
Social institutions are a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that are densely interwoven and enduring and function across an entire society. They order and structure the behavior of individuals in core areas of society and thus have a strong impact on the quality of life of individuals. Institutions regulate the following: (a) family and relationship networks carry out social reproduction and socialization; (b) institutions in the realm of education and training ensure the transmission and cultivation of knowledge, abilities, and specialized skills; (c) institutions in the labor market and economy provide for the production and distribution of goods and services; (d) institutions in the realm of law, governance, and politics provide for the maintenance of the social order; (e) while cultural, media, and religious institutions further the development of contexts of meaning, value orientations, and symbolic codes.
For the last 20 years, enterprise architecture management (EAM) was primarily an instrument for harmonizing and consolidating IT landscapes and is lived as a transformation and governance discipline. It, however, is rather related to IT strategy than aligned to the actual corporate strategy and the work of the enterprise architect is characterized by tasks like prescribing, monitoring, documenting, and controlling. As digital transformation continues apace, companies are facing new challenges that lead to a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world. To face these challenges, vision, understanding, clarity and agility allow to anticipative and implement necessary changes. This, of course, has implications for the role of the enterprise architect. S/he needs to start actively supporting innovation and taking more of an advisory role instead of just being driven by the current state of the enterprise architecture. This paper investigates the role of the enterprise architect in the VUCA world. Based on current literature and expert interviews, a survey was conducted among consultants who work as (or with) enterprise architects. Survey results include the evaluation of statements on current tasks of enterprise architects, their influence on projects and companies as well as future requirements on the roles of the enterprise architect. The results from the survey were synthesized with the findings from literature to derive the roles, tasks and skills of enterprise architect in the VUCA world.
This article provides a survey of the research carried out by Celtic scholars in Germany during the 15 years between 1980 and 1995. It is based on the respective bibliography published in 'Studia Celtica Japonica' 9 (1997). The major research fields covered are IE Studies, Celtic philology, linguistics, literature, archaeology and cultural studies.
At the suggestion of the then editor of 'Studia Celtica Japonica,' Professor Toshio Doi, this bibliography lists the returns of a questionnaire sent to all scholars in Germany who were actively involved in Celtic Studies between 1980 and 1995. They were asked to list all their publications in the field of Celtic Studies, so as to allow to carry out a survey of their research activities during this period. While most scholars kindly obliged by returning their lists, there were notable exceptions who never answered the query. Regretably, the present bibliography therefore contains important gaps, which, however, may be quite telling as far as the research situation in Germany was concerned during that period.