Institut für Informatik und Computational Science
Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (245) (remove)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (116)
- Doctoral Thesis (85)
- Conference Proceeding (15)
- Master's Thesis (13)
- Postprint (10)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (2)
- Bachelor Thesis (1)
- Habilitation Thesis (1)
- Moving Images (1)
- Preprint (1)
Language
- English (126)
- German (118)
- Multiple languages (1)
Keywords
- Informatik (18)
- Didaktik (15)
- Hochschuldidaktik (14)
- Ausbildung (13)
- E-Learning (8)
- Maschinelles Lernen (7)
- Antwortmengenprogrammierung (6)
- Computer Science Education (5)
- Machine Learning (5)
- answer set programming (5)
- education (5)
- Informatikdidaktik (4)
- Modellierung (4)
- didactics (4)
- higher education (4)
- Answer Set Programming (3)
- Competence Measurement (3)
- DPLL (3)
- Digitalisierung (3)
- Komplexität (3)
- Ontologie (3)
- Secondary Education (3)
- Semantic Web (3)
- Softwareentwicklung (3)
- complexity (3)
- informatics (3)
- machine learning (3)
- Adaptivität (2)
- Algorithmen (2)
- Algorithms (2)
- Assessment (2)
- Autismus (2)
- Automatisches Beweisen (2)
- Big Data (2)
- Bildungstechnologien (2)
- Bildverarbeitung (2)
- Code (2)
- Competence Modelling (2)
- Computational thinking (2)
- Computer Science (2)
- Computergrafik (2)
- Computersicherheit (2)
- Constraint Solving (2)
- Coq (2)
- Data Privacy (2)
- Deduction (2)
- Digitale Medien (2)
- EEG (2)
- Educational Technologies (2)
- FMC (2)
- HCI (2)
- ICA (2)
- IT-Infrastruktur (2)
- Informatics (2)
- Informatics Education (2)
- Informatics Modelling (2)
- Informatics System Application (2)
- Informatics System Comprehension (2)
- Informatikstudium (2)
- Internet of Things (2)
- Key Competencies (2)
- Klausellernen (2)
- Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (2)
- Konstruktivismus (2)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (2)
- Lernumgebung (2)
- Logic Programming (2)
- Logics (2)
- MQTT (2)
- Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (2)
- Mensch-Technik-Interaktion (2)
- Methodik (2)
- Middleware (2)
- Modell (2)
- Onlinelehre (2)
- Ontology (2)
- Optimization (2)
- Planing (2)
- Prozessmodellierung (2)
- Relevanz (2)
- SAT (2)
- Software Engineering (2)
- Strategie (2)
- Synthese (2)
- Systemstruktur (2)
- Texturen (2)
- Theorembeweisen (2)
- Unifikation (2)
- User Experience (2)
- Visualisierung (2)
- Vorhersage (2)
- abstraction (2)
- code (2)
- computational thinking (2)
- computer graphics (2)
- computer science education (2)
- human computer interaction (2)
- image processing (2)
- maschinelles Lernen (2)
- model (2)
- non-photorealistic rendering (2)
- relevance (2)
- scientific workflows (2)
- secondary computer science education (2)
- software development (2)
- systems biology (2)
- teacher training (2)
- test (2)
- textures (2)
- theorem (2)
- virtual 3D city models (2)
- virtuelle 3D-Stadtmodelle (2)
- visualization (2)
- 'Peer To Peer' (1)
- 13C metabolic flux analysis (1)
- 21st century skills, (1)
- 3D Computer Grafik (1)
- 3D Computer Graphics (1)
- 3D Drucken (1)
- 3D Linsen (1)
- 3D Semiotik (1)
- 3D Visualisierung (1)
- 3D computer graphics (1)
- 3D lenses (1)
- 3D printing (1)
- 3D semiotics (1)
- 3D visualization (1)
- 3D-Stadtmodelle (1)
- 3d city models (1)
- 6LoWPAN (1)
- ABRACADABRA (1)
- ADFS (1)
- ARCS Modell (1)
- ASIC (1)
- ASIC (Applikationsspezifische Integrierte Schaltkreise) (1)
- ASP (Answer Set Programming) (1)
- Abbrecherquote (1)
- Abstraktion (1)
- Accepting Grammars (1)
- Access Datenbank (1)
- Achievement (1)
- Ackerschmalwand (1)
- Active Directory Federation Services (1)
- Active Evaluation (1)
- Activity Theory (1)
- Activity-orientated Learning (1)
- Adaptivity (1)
- Adversarial Learning (1)
- Aktive Evaluierung (1)
- Akzeptierende Grammatiken (1)
- Algorithmenablaufplanung (1)
- Algorithmenkonfiguration (1)
- Algorithmenselektion (1)
- Alignment (1)
- Angewandte Spieltheorie (1)
- Anisotroper Kuwahara Filter (1)
- Anleitung (1)
- Antwortmengen Programmierung (1)
- Application Aggregation (1)
- Applications and Software Development (1)
- Applied Game Theory (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Arduino (1)
- Argumentation (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Aspect-Oriented Programming (1)
- Aspektorientierte Programmierung (1)
- Asynchrone Schaltung (1)
- Attention (1)
- Audience Response Systeme (1)
- Aufmerksamkeit (1)
- Aufzählung (1)
- Augenbewegungen (1)
- Ausreissererkennung (1)
- Austria (1)
- Authentifizierung (1)
- Authorization (1)
- Autism (1)
- Automated Theorem Proving (1)
- Automatic Item Generation (1)
- Automatic UI Generation (1)
- Autorisierung (1)
- BCH (1)
- BCH code (1)
- BCH-Code (1)
- BCI (1)
- BSS (1)
- Bachelorstudierende der Informatik (1)
- Baumweite (1)
- Behavior (1)
- Benutzeroberfläche (1)
- Benutzungsschnittstellen Ontologien (1)
- Berührungseingaben (1)
- Betrachtungsebenen (1)
- Beweis (1)
- Beweisassistent (1)
- Beweistheorie (1)
- Beweisumgebung (1)
- Bilddatenanalyse (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Binäres Entscheidungsdiagramm (1)
- Bio-jETI (1)
- Biocomputing (1)
- Bioelektrisches Signal (1)
- Bioinformatik (1)
- Blended Learning (1)
- Bloom’s Taxonomy (1)
- Boolean constraint solver (1)
- Boosting (1)
- Brain Computer Interface (1)
- Business Process Models (1)
- CASP (Constraint Answer Set Programming) (1)
- CS concepts (1)
- CSC (1)
- Cactus (1)
- Capability approach (1)
- CertiCoq (1)
- Challenges (1)
- Choreographien (1)
- CityGML (1)
- Classification (1)
- Clause Learning (1)
- Cloud Computing (1)
- Cloud computing (1)
- Clusteranalyse (1)
- Codierung (1)
- Codierungstheorie (1)
- Coding theory (1)
- Cognitive Apprenticeship (1)
- Cognitive Skills (1)
- Common Spatial Pattern (1)
- Competences (1)
- Competencies (1)
- Complementary Circuits (1)
- Complexity (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Composed UIs (1)
- Composition (1)
- Computational Complexity (1)
- Computational Science (1)
- Computational Thinking (1)
- Computer Science in Context (1)
- Computergestützes Training (1)
- Computing (1)
- Conceptual (1)
- Constraint (1)
- Constraint-Programmierung (1)
- Constructive solid geometry (1)
- Contest (1)
- Contextualisation (1)
- Contradictions (1)
- Controlled Derivations (1)
- Covariate Shift (1)
- Curriculum (1)
- Curriculum Development (1)
- Curry (1)
- DDoS (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA computing (1)
- DNS (1)
- Data Analysis (1)
- Data Management (1)
- Databases (1)
- Dateiformat (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Debugging (1)
- Deep Learning (1)
- Defining characteristics of physical computing (1)
- Dempster-Shafer-Theorie (1)
- Dempster–Shafer theory (1)
- Description Logics (1)
- Deskriptive Logik (1)
- Diagonalisierung (1)
- Dialog-based User Interfaces (1)
- Dialogbasierte Benutzerschnittstellen (1)
- Didaktik der Informatik (1)
- Didaktische Konzepte (1)
- Dienst-Ökosysteme (1)
- Dienstkomposition (1)
- Dienstplattform (1)
- Differenz von Gauss Filtern (1)
- Digital Competence (1)
- Digital Design (1)
- Digital Education (1)
- Digital Game Based Learning (1)
- Digital Media (1)
- Digital Revolution (1)
- Digitale Bibliothek (1)
- Digitalisation (1)
- Distributed Computing (1)
- Diversität (1)
- Dokument-Management-System (1)
- Domain-Specific Languages (1)
- Domänenspezifische Sprachen (1)
- Dreidimensionale Computergraphik (1)
- Dublin Core (1)
- Dynamic Programming (1)
- Dynamic assessment (1)
- Dynamische Programmierung (1)
- Dynamische Rekonfiguration (1)
- E-Assessment (1)
- E-Government (1)
- E-Klausuren (1)
- E-Portfolio (1)
- Early Literacy (1)
- Echtzeitanwendung (1)
- Educational Standards (1)
- Educational software (1)
- Eingabegenauigkeit (1)
- Eisenbahnnetz (1)
- Elektroencephalographie (1)
- Elektronisches Prüfen (1)
- Elektronisches Publizieren (1)
- Embedded Systems (1)
- Emotionen (1)
- Emotionsforschung (1)
- Enterprise Search (1)
- Entscheidungsbäume (1)
- Entwurf (1)
- Entwurfsmuster (1)
- Entwurfsmuster für SOA-Sicherheit (1)
- Entwurfsprinzipien (1)
- Entwurfsraumexploration (1)
- Equilibrium logic (1)
- Erfüllbarkeit einer Formel der Aussagenlogik (1)
- Erfüllbarkeitsproblem (1)
- Error Estimation (1)
- Error-Detection Circuits (1)
- Euclid’s algorithm (1)
- European Bioinformatics Institute (1)
- Evaluierung semantischer Suchmaschinen (1)
- Evidenztheorie (1)
- Exploration (1)
- Exponential Time Hypothesis (1)
- Exponentialzeit Hypothese (1)
- FMC-QE (1)
- FOSS (1)
- FPGA (1)
- Facebook (1)
- Feature Combination (1)
- Feedback (1)
- Fehlende Daten (1)
- Fehlererkennung (1)
- Fehlerkorrektur (1)
- Fehlerschätzung (1)
- Fehlvorstellung (1)
- Fibonacci numbers (1)
- Flussgesteuerter Bilateraler Filter (1)
- Focus+Context Visualization (1)
- Fokus-&-Kontext Visualisierung (1)
- Formalismus (1)
- Formalitätsgrad (1)
- Formeln der quantifizierten Aussagenlogik (1)
- Forschendes Lernen (1)
- Forschungsdatenmanagement (1)
- Function (1)
- Fundamental Ideas (1)
- GIS-Dienstkomposition (1)
- GPU (1)
- Game-Design-Elemente (1)
- Game-based learning (1)
- Gamification (1)
- Gebrauchstauglichkeit (1)
- Gebäudemodelle (1)
- Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstelle (1)
- Geländemodelle (1)
- Generalisierung (1)
- Generative Programmierung (1)
- Generative Programming (1)
- Geodaten (1)
- Geometrieerzeugung (1)
- Geovisualisierung (1)
- Geräte-Treiber (1)
- Geschäftsprozessmodelle (1)
- Gesichtsausdruck (1)
- Gesteuerte Ableitungen (1)
- Gleichheit (1)
- Globus (1)
- Grammar Systems (1)
- Grammatikalische Inferenz (1)
- Grammatiksysteme (1)
- Graph-basiertes Ranking (1)
- Graphensuche (1)
- Graphfärbung (1)
- Grid (1)
- Grid Computing (1)
- HDI (1)
- Hardware Design (1)
- Hardware-Software-Co-Design (1)
- Hauptkomponentenanalyse (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- High-Level Synthesis (1)
- Hochschulbildung (1)
- Hochschullehre (1)
- Hochschulsystem (1)
- Human-Technology Interaction (1)
- I/O-effiziente Algorithmen (1)
- ICT (1)
- ICT Competence (1)
- ICT competencies (1)
- ICT skills (1)
- IP core (1)
- IT security (1)
- IT-Security (1)
- IT-Sicherheit (1)
- Informatik-Studiengänge (1)
- Informatiksystem (1)
- Informatikunterricht (1)
- Informatikvoraussetzungen (1)
- Information Retrieval (1)
- Information Transfer Rate (1)
- Informationsextraktion (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Inkonsistenz (1)
- Innovation (1)
- Inquiry-based Learning (1)
- Inquiry-based learning (1)
- Integration (1)
- Interactive Rendering (1)
- Interactive system (1)
- Interaktionsmodel (1)
- Interaktionsmodellierung (1)
- Interaktionstechniken (1)
- Interaktives Rendering (1)
- Interaktives System (1)
- Interaktivität (1)
- Interface design (1)
- Internet Security (1)
- Internet applications (1)
- Internet-Sicherheit (1)
- Internetanwendungen (1)
- Interoperability (1)
- Interoperabilität (1)
- Intuition (1)
- IoT (1)
- Java Security Framework (1)
- Kartografisches Design (1)
- Kern-PCA (1)
- Kernmethoden (1)
- Klassifikation (1)
- Klassifikation mit großem Margin (1)
- Klassifikator-Kalibrierung (1)
- Klimafolgenanalyse (1)
- Klimawandel (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kompetenz (1)
- Kompetenzerwerb (1)
- Kompilation (1)
- Komplexitätsbewältigung (1)
- Komplexitätstheorie (1)
- Komposition (1)
- Konnektionskalkül (1)
- Konzeptionell (1)
- Kryptographie (1)
- Kybernetik (1)
- LDPC code (1)
- LDPC-Code (1)
- LMS (1)
- Landmarken (1)
- Langzeitarchivierung (1)
- Large Margin Classification (1)
- Laser Cutten (1)
- Learners (1)
- Learning Analytics (1)
- Learning Fields (1)
- Learning ecology (1)
- Learning environment (1)
- Learning interfaces development (1)
- Learning with ICT (1)
- Lebenslanges Lernen (1)
- Leftmost Derivations (1)
- Lehrer (1)
- Lehrer*innenbildung (1)
- Lehrkräfteausbildung (1)
- Leistungsfähigkeit (1)
- Leistungsvorhersage (1)
- Lern-App (1)
- Lernaufgaben (1)
- Lernmotivation (1)
- Lernsoftware (1)
- Life-Long Learning (1)
- Liguistisch (1)
- Linked Data Anwendungen (1)
- Linked Data Application Modelling (1)
- Linksableitungen (1)
- Linux (1)
- Linux device drivers (1)
- Logarithm (1)
- Logik (1)
- Logikkalkül (1)
- Logiksynthese (1)
- Lower Bounds (1)
- Lower Secondary Level (1)
- MEG (1)
- MFA (1)
- MOOCs (1)
- Magnetoencephalographie (1)
- Malware (1)
- Massive Open Online Courses (1)
- Mathematical Optimization (1)
- Mathematikdidaktik (1)
- Mathematikphilosophie (1)
- Mathematische Optimierung (1)
- Matrizen-Eigenwertaufgabe (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Megamodel (1)
- Megamodell (1)
- Mehrklassen-Klassifikation (1)
- Message Passing Interface (1)
- Metamodell (1)
- Methoden der semantischen Suche (1)
- Methodology (1)
- Migration (1)
- Mischmodelle (1)
- Mischung <Signalverarbeitung> (1)
- Mobile App (1)
- Mobiles Lernen (1)
- Mobilgeräte (1)
- Model Based Engineering (1)
- Model Checking (1)
- Model Driven Architecture (1)
- Model Driven UI Development (1)
- Model Management (1)
- Model-Driven Engineering (1)
- Model-Driven Software Development (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Modell Management (1)
- Modell-driven Security (1)
- Modell-getriebene Sicherheit (1)
- Modellbasiert (1)
- Modellgetriebene Architektur (1)
- Modellgetriebene Entwicklung (1)
- Modellgetriebene Softwareentwicklung (1)
- Modellgetriebene UI Entwicklung (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Molekulare Bioinformatik (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Multi Task Learning (1)
- Multi-Class (1)
- Multi-Task-Lernen (1)
- Multimodal User Interfaces (1)
- Multimodale Benutzerschnittstellen (1)
- Multiprocessor (1)
- Multiprozessor (1)
- Music Technology (1)
- NETCONF (1)
- NUI (1)
- Natural Science Education (1)
- Navigation (1)
- Network Management (1)
- Netzwerk (1)
- Netzwerk Management (1)
- Netzwerke (1)
- Neuronales Netz (1)
- New On-Line Error-Detection Methode (1)
- Next Generation Network (1)
- Nicht-photorealistisches Rendering (1)
- Nichtfotorealistische Bildsynthese (1)
- NoSQL (1)
- Norway (1)
- Novice programmers (1)
- Nutzungserlebnis (1)
- Nutzungsinteresse (1)
- OAI-PMH (1)
- Objektive Schwierigkeit (1)
- Omega (1)
- Ontologien (1)
- Ontologies (1)
- Open Source (1)
- OpenOLAT (1)
- Optimierung (1)
- Optimierungsproblem (1)
- Owner-Retained Access Control (ORAC) (1)
- Parallel Programming (1)
- Parallele Datenverarbeitung (1)
- Paralleles Rechnen (1)
- Parallelrechner (1)
- Parameterized Complexity (1)
- Parametrisierte Komplexität (1)
- Parsing (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Patterns (1)
- Pedagogical content knowledge (1)
- Peer-to-Peer-Netz ; GRID computing ; Zuverlässigkeit ; Web Services ; Betriebsmittelverwaltung ; Migration (1)
- Performance (1)
- Performance Prediction (1)
- Perl Formularskript (1)
- Persönliche Lernumgebung (1)
- Physical Science (1)
- Platzierung (1)
- Policy Enforcement (1)
- Policy Languages (1)
- Policy Sprachen (1)
- Power Monitoring (1)
- Pre-RS Traceability (1)
- Prediction Game (1)
- Predictive Models (1)
- Preprocessing (1)
- Problem Solving (1)
- Probleme in der Studie (1)
- Problemlösen (1)
- Process (1)
- Process modeling (1)
- Professoren (1)
- Programmierung (1)
- Proof Theory (1)
- Prototyp (1)
- Prototyping (1)
- Prozess (1)
- Prozess Verbesserung (1)
- Prozesse (1)
- Prozessmodell (1)
- Prozesssynchronisierung (1)
- Prädiktionsspiel (1)
- Präferenzen (1)
- Publikationsserver (1)
- Quantenkryptographie (1)
- Quantified Boolean Formula (QBF) (1)
- Quantitative Modeling (1)
- Quantitative Modellierung (1)
- Queuing Theory (1)
- Recommendations for CS-Curricula in Higher Education (1)
- Reconfigurable (1)
- Regression (1)
- Regularisierung (1)
- Regularization (1)
- Rekonfiguration (1)
- Rendering (1)
- Reparatur (1)
- Reuseable UIs (1)
- SMT (SAT Modulo Theories) (1)
- SOA Security Pattern (1)
- SSO (1)
- STG decomposition (1)
- STG-Dekomposition (1)
- Sample Selection Bias (1)
- Satisfiability (1)
- Scalability (1)
- Scene graph systems (1)
- Schlüsselkompetenzen (1)
- Schulmaterial (1)
- Security Modelling (1)
- Segmentierung (1)
- Selektion (1)
- Selektionsbias (1)
- Self-Checking Circuits (1)
- Semantic Search (1)
- Semantik Web (1)
- Semantische Suche (1)
- Sensornetzwerke (1)
- Sensors (1)
- Service Creation (1)
- Service Delivery Platform (1)
- Service Ecosystems (1)
- Service Oriented Architectures (1)
- Service convergence (1)
- Service-Orientierte Architekturen (1)
- Service-oriented Architectures (1)
- Serviceorientierte Architektur (1)
- Shader (1)
- Sicherheitsmodellierung (1)
- Signal Processing (1)
- Signalquellentrennung (1)
- Signaltrennung (1)
- Simultane Diagonalisierung (1)
- Single Event Transient (1)
- Single Sign On (1)
- Single Trial Analysis (1)
- Skalierbarkeit (1)
- Skelettberechnung (1)
- Small Private Online Courses (1)
- Social (1)
- Software (1)
- Software architecture (1)
- Software-basierte Cache-Kohärenz (1)
- Softwarearchitektur (1)
- Sonnenteilchen-Ereignis (1)
- Spam (1)
- Spam Filtering (1)
- Spam-Erkennung (1)
- Spam-Filter (1)
- Spam-Filtering (1)
- Spatio-Spectral Filter (1)
- Spawning (1)
- Spielbasiertes Lernen (1)
- Sprachdesign (1)
- Statistical Tests (1)
- Statistikprogramm R (1)
- Statistische Tests (1)
- Stilisierung (1)
- Strahlungshartes Design (1)
- Strahlungshärte Entwurf (1)
- Stromverbrauchüberwachung (1)
- Structuring (1)
- Strukturierung (1)
- Studentenerwartungen (1)
- Studentenhaltungen (1)
- Studentenjobs (1)
- Studienabbrecher (1)
- Studiendauer (1)
- Suche (1)
- Support Vectors (1)
- Support-Vector Lernen (1)
- System Biologie (1)
- System structure (1)
- Systembiologie (1)
- Systementwurf (1)
- Szenengraph (1)
- TPTP (1)
- Tailored UI Variants (1)
- Taktik (1)
- Tasks (1)
- Teacher perceptions (1)
- Teachers (1)
- Teaching information security (1)
- Technology proficiency (1)
- Telekommunikation (1)
- Temporal Logic (1)
- Temporallogik (1)
- Temporäre Anbindung (1)
- Terminologische Logik (1)
- Terminology (1)
- Test (1)
- Tests (1)
- Theoretische Informatik (1)
- Theoretischen Vorlesungen (1)
- Theory (1)
- Time Augmented Petri Nets (1)
- Time Series Analysis (1)
- Tool (1)
- Traceability (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Treewidth (1)
- UI Components (1)
- UI Metamodels (1)
- UI-Komponenten (1)
- Unabhängige Komponentenanalyse (1)
- Universität Bagdad (1)
- Universität Potsdam (1)
- Universitätseinstellungen (1)
- Untere Schranken (1)
- Unterrichtswerkzeuge (1)
- Unvollständigkeit (1)
- Usability (1)
- Usage Interest (1)
- User Interface Ontologies (1)
- User Interfaces (1)
- VM (1)
- Verhalten (1)
- Verifikation (1)
- Verletzung Auflösung (1)
- Verletzung Erklärung (1)
- Verteiltes Rechnen (1)
- Verteilungsunterschied (1)
- Violation Explanation (1)
- Violation Resolution (1)
- Virtual Reality (1)
- Virtuelles 3D Stadtmodell (1)
- Vocational Education (1)
- Vorhersagemodelle (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Wahrnehmung von Arousal (1)
- Wahrnehmungsunterschiede (1)
- Warteschlangentheorie (1)
- Web Services (1)
- Web Sites (1)
- Web of Data (1)
- Webseite (1)
- Weiterbildung (1)
- Well-structuredness (1)
- Wetterextreme (1)
- Wirtschaftsinformatik (1)
- Wissenschaftlichesworkflows (1)
- Wissensrepräsentation und -verarbeitung (1)
- Wissensrepräsentation und Schlussfolgerung (1)
- Wohlstrukturiertheit (1)
- Workflow (1)
- Young People (1)
- ZQSA (1)
- ZQSAT (1)
- Zeitbehaftete Petri Netze (1)
- Zero-Suppressed Binary Decision Diagram (ZDD) (1)
- Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse (1)
- adaptiv (1)
- adaptive (1)
- algorithm configuration (1)
- algorithm scheduling (1)
- algorithm selection (1)
- analogical thinking (1)
- animated PCA (1)
- animierte PCA (1)
- anisotropic Kuwahara filter (1)
- anti-cancer drugs (1)
- approximate joint diagonalization (1)
- argument mining (1)
- argumentation (1)
- argumentation structure (1)
- arithmethische Prozeduren (1)
- arithmetic procedures (1)
- arousal perception (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- assistive Technologien (1)
- assistive technologies (1)
- asynchronous circuit (1)
- authentication (1)
- automated theorem proving (1)
- automatic feedback (1)
- automatic theorem prover (1)
- automatisierter Theorembeweiser (1)
- bild (1)
- binary representation (1)
- binary search (1)
- bio-computing (1)
- biometrics (1)
- biometrische Identifikation (1)
- blind source separation (1)
- building models (1)
- business informatics (1)
- cartographic design (1)
- changing the study field (1)
- changing the university (1)
- choreographies (1)
- classifier calibration (1)
- classroom language (1)
- classroom material (1)
- clause learning (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate impact analysis (1)
- clustering (1)
- cognitive apprenticeship (1)
- cognitive modifiability (1)
- coherence-enhancing filtering (1)
- communication (1)
- competence (1)
- competencies (1)
- competency (1)
- compilation (1)
- comprehension (1)
- computational biology (1)
- computational methods (1)
- computer science teachers (1)
- computer security (1)
- computergestützte Methoden (1)
- concurrent checking (1)
- connection calculus (1)
- constraint (1)
- constraint programming (1)
- constraints (1)
- constructivism (1)
- construktivism (1)
- cryptography (1)
- cs4fn (1)
- curriculum theory (1)
- debugging (1)
- decision trees (1)
- deep neural networks (1)
- degree of formality (1)
- design (1)
- design principles (1)
- design space exploration (1)
- didaktische Rekonstruktion (1)
- didaktisches Konzept (1)
- difference of Gaussians (1)
- digital circuit (1)
- digital design (1)
- digitale Bildung (1)
- digitale Hochschullehre (1)
- digitale Medien (1)
- digitally-enabled pedagogies (1)
- divide and conquer (1)
- dropout (1)
- drug-sensitivity prediction (1)
- dynamic (1)
- dynamic classification (1)
- dynamic reconfiguration (1)
- dynamisch (1)
- dynamische Klassifikation (1)
- e-Learning (1)
- e-mentoring (1)
- eGovernment (1)
- edge computing (1)
- education and public policy (1)
- educational programming (1)
- educational reconstruction (1)
- educational systems (1)
- edutainment (1)
- eingebettete Systeme (1)
- einseitige Kommunikation (1)
- email spam detection (1)
- embedded systems (1)
- emotion (1)
- emotion representation (1)
- emotion research (1)
- enterprise search (1)
- entity alignment (1)
- enumeration (1)
- environments (1)
- epistemic logic programs (1)
- epistemic specifications (1)
- equality (1)
- error correction (1)
- error detection (1)
- evidence theory (1)
- explicit negation (1)
- exponentiation (1)
- external memory algorithms (1)
- eye movements (1)
- face tracking (1)
- facial expression (1)
- firmware update (1)
- flow-based bilateral filter (1)
- formalism (1)
- freie Daten (1)
- freie Software (1)
- fun (1)
- game based learning (1)
- game design elements (1)
- game-based learning (1)
- generalization (1)
- geometry generation (1)
- geospatial data (1)
- geospatial services (1)
- geovisualization (1)
- global constraints (1)
- globale Constraints (1)
- grammar inference (1)
- graph clustering (1)
- graph-based ranking (1)
- graph-search (1)
- hardware design (1)
- hardware-software-codesign (1)
- high school (1)
- high-throughput analysis (1)
- higher (1)
- human-technology interaction (1)
- hybrid (1)
- hybrid semantic search (1)
- hybride semantische Suche (1)
- hybrides Problemlösen (1)
- image (1)
- image data analysis (1)
- incompleteness (1)
- inconsistency (1)
- independent component analysis (1)
- indirect economic impacts (1)
- indirekte ökonomische Effekte (1)
- informal and formal learning (1)
- informatics education (1)
- information extraction (1)
- information retrieval (1)
- informatische Bildung im Sekundarbereich (1)
- infrastructure (1)
- innovation (1)
- input accuracy (1)
- interaction modeling (1)
- interaction techniques (1)
- interactive course (1)
- interactive workshop (1)
- intuition (1)
- kernel PCA (1)
- kernel methods (1)
- key competences in physical computing (1)
- key competencies (1)
- kinaesthetic teaching (1)
- klinisch-praktischer Unterricht (1)
- konvergente Dienste (1)
- landmarks (1)
- language design (1)
- lautes Denken (1)
- leanCoP (1)
- learning (1)
- learning environment (1)
- lebenslanges Lernen (1)
- lesson planning (1)
- lesson preparation (1)
- linear code (1)
- linearer Code (1)
- linguistic (1)
- logic (1)
- logic programming (1)
- logic synthesis (1)
- logical calculus (1)
- logical errors (1)
- logical signaling networks (1)
- logische Ergänzung (1)
- logische Fehler (1)
- logische Programmierung (1)
- logische Signalnetzwerke (1)
- macro-economic modelling (1)
- makroökonomische Modellierung (1)
- malware detection (1)
- map/reduce (1)
- maschninelles Lernen (1)
- mathematics education (1)
- mediated learning experience (1)
- medical (1)
- medizinisch (1)
- meta model (1)
- methodology (1)
- middleware (1)
- misconception (1)
- mixture models (1)
- mobile devices (1)
- mobile learning (1)
- mobile technologies and apps (1)
- mobiles Lernen (1)
- mobiles lernen (1)
- model-based (1)
- model-driven architecture (1)
- modeling (1)
- molecular networks (1)
- molekulare Netzwerke (1)
- multi core data processing (1)
- multi-class classification (1)
- multiuser (1)
- navigation (1)
- network (1)
- networks (1)
- networks-on-chip (1)
- neue Online-Fehlererkennungsmethode (1)
- nichtlineare ICA (1)
- nichtlineare PCA (NLPCA) (1)
- nichtlineare Projektionen (1)
- non-monotonic reasoning (1)
- nonlinear ICA (1)
- nonlinear PCA (NLPCA) (1)
- nonlinear projections (1)
- objective difficulty (1)
- omega (1)
- on-chip (1)
- one-sided communication (1)
- oneM2M (1)
- online assistance (1)
- ontologies (1)
- open learning (1)
- open source (1)
- operating system (1)
- optimization (1)
- organisational evolution (1)
- outlier detection (1)
- output space compaction (1)
- overcomplete ICA (1)
- paper prototyping (1)
- parallel programming (1)
- parallel solving (1)
- parallele Programmierung (1)
- paralleles Lösen (1)
- parameter (1)
- parsing (1)
- pattern recognition (1)
- pedagogy (1)
- perception (1)
- perception differences (1)
- personal (1)
- personal response systems (1)
- philosophical foundation of informatics pedagogy (1)
- philosophy of mathematics (1)
- physical Computing (1)
- physical computing (1)
- physical computing tools (1)
- placement (1)
- policy evaluation (1)
- pre-primary level (1)
- prediction (1)
- preferences (1)
- preprocessing (1)
- primary education (1)
- primary level (1)
- priorities (1)
- probabilistic deep learning (1)
- probabilistic deep metric learning (1)
- probabilistische tiefe neuronale Netze (1)
- probabilistisches tiefes metrisches Lernen (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- process (1)
- process improvement (1)
- process model (1)
- process modelling (1)
- process synchronization (1)
- professional development (1)
- professors (1)
- programming (1)
- programming in context (1)
- proof (1)
- proof assistant (1)
- proof environment (1)
- propagation probability (1)
- prototype (1)
- proving (1)
- quantum cryptography (1)
- radiation hardness (1)
- radiation hardness design (1)
- railway network (1)
- real-time application (1)
- reconfiguration (1)
- rekonfigurierbar (1)
- reliability assessment (1)
- repair (1)
- robust ICA (1)
- robuste ICA (1)
- scheduling (1)
- search (1)
- secondary education (1)
- security (1)
- segmentation (1)
- selbstanpassendes Multiprozessorsystem (1)
- selbstprüfende Schaltungen (1)
- selection (1)
- self-adaptive multiprocessing system (1)
- self-efficacy (1)
- semantic domain modeling (1)
- semantic ranking (1)
- semantic search (1)
- semantic search evaluation (1)
- semantic search methods (1)
- semantische Domänenmodellierung (1)
- semantische Suche (1)
- semantisches Netz (1)
- semantisches Ranking (1)
- service composition (1)
- shader (1)
- sign language (1)
- single event upset (1)
- skeletonization (1)
- social media (1)
- socio-technical system (1)
- software (1)
- software engineering (1)
- software-based cache coherence (1)
- solar particle event (1)
- sozio-technisches System (1)
- speed independence (1)
- statistics program R (1)
- strahleninduzierte Einzelereignis-Effekte (1)
- structured output prediction (1)
- strukturierte Vorhersage (1)
- student activation (1)
- student experience (1)
- student perceptions (1)
- students’ conceptions (1)
- students’ knowledge (1)
- study problems (1)
- stylization (1)
- support system (1)
- synthesis (1)
- systematic (1)
- systematisch (1)
- tactic (1)
- teacher competencies (1)
- teachers (1)
- teaching informatics in general education (1)
- technische Rahmenbedingungen (1)
- temporary binding (1)
- terrain models (1)
- think aloud (1)
- tools (1)
- tools for teaching (1)
- topics (1)
- touch input (1)
- tptp (1)
- tracing (1)
- transformation (1)
- tutorial section (1)
- unification (1)
- university education (1)
- user interfaces (1)
- user-centred (1)
- verification (1)
- virtual 3D city model (1)
- virtual machine (1)
- virtual mobility (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- weather extremes (1)
- workflow management (1)
- zero-aliasing (1)
- überbestimmte ICA (1)
- ‘unplugged’ computing (1)
Institute
- Institut für Informatik und Computational Science (245) (remove)
Although educational content in electronic form is increasing dramatically, its usage in an educational environment is poor, mainly due to the fact that there is too much of (unreliable) redundant, and not relevant information. Finding appropriate answers is a rather difficult task being reliant on the user filtering of the pertinent information from the noise. Turning knowledge bases like the online tele-TASK archive into useful educational resources requires identifying correct, reliable, and "machine-understandable" information, as well as developing simple but efficient search tools with the ability to reason over this information. Our vision is to create an E-Librarian Service, which is able to retrieve multimedia resources from a knowledge base in a more efficient way than by browsing through an index, or by using a simple keyword search. In our E-Librarian Service, the user can enter his question in a very simple and human way; in natural language (NL). Our premise is that more pertinent results would be retrieved if the search engine understood the sense of the user's query. The returned results are then logical consequences of an inference rather than of keyword matchings. Our E-Librarian Service does not return the answer to the user's question, but it retrieves the most pertinent document(s), in which the user finds the answer to his/her question. Among all the documents that have some common information with the user query, our E-Librarian Service identifies the most pertinent match(es), keeping in mind that the user expects an exhaustive answer while preferring a concise answer with only little or no information overhead. Also, our E-Librarian Service always proposes a solution to the user, even if the system concludes that there is no exhaustive answer. Our E-Librarian Service was implemented prototypically in three different educational tools. A first prototype is CHESt (Computer History Expert System); it has a knowledge base with 300 multimedia clips that cover the main events in computer history. A second prototype is MatES (Mathematics Expert System); it has a knowledge base with 115 clips that cover the topic of fractions in mathematics for secondary school w.r.t. the official school programme. All clips were recorded mainly by pupils. The third and most advanced prototype is the "Lecture Butler's E-Librarain Service"; it has a Web service interface to respect a service oriented architecture (SOA), and was developed in the context of the Web-University project at the Hasso-Plattner-Institute (HPI). Two major experiments in an educational environment - at the Lycée Technique Esch/Alzette in Luxembourg - were made to test the pertinence and reliability of our E-Librarian Service as a complement to traditional courses. The first experiment (in 2005) was made with CHESt in different classes, and covered a single lesson. The second experiment (in 2006) covered a period of 6 weeks of intensive use of MatES in one class. There was no classical mathematics lesson where the teacher gave explanations, but the students had to learn in an autonomous and exploratory way. They had to ask questions to the E-Librarian Service just the way they would if there was a human teacher.
In der letzten Jahren ist die Zahl der erfolgreichen Prüfungen von Studierenden im Informatikkurs des ersten Studienjahres für verschiedene Studiengänge an der Universität Óbuda stark gesunken. Dies betrifft Prüfungen in den Teilgebieten Rechnerarchitektur, Betrieb von Peripheriegeräten, Binäre Codierung und logische Operationen, Computerviren, Computernetze und das Internet, Steganographie und Kryptographie, Betriebsysteme. Mehr als der Hälfte der Studenten konnte die Prüfungen der ersten Semester nicht erfolgreich absolvieren. Die hier vorgelegte Analyse der Studienleistungen zielt darauf ab, Gründe für diese Entwicklung zu identifizieren, die Zahl der Abbrecher zu reduzieren und die Leistungen der Studenten zu verbessern. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Studenten die erforderlichen Lehrmaterialen erst ein bis zwei Tage vor oder sogar erst am Tag der Klausuren vom Server downloaden, so dass sie nicht mehr hinreichend Zeit zum Lernen haben. Diese Tendenz zeigt sich bei allen Teilgebieten des Studiengangs. Ein Mangel an kontinuierlicher Mitarbeit scheint einer der Gründe für ein frühes Scheitern zu sein. Ferner zeigt sich die Notwendigkeit, dass bei den Lehrangeboten in Informatik auf eine kontinuierliche Kommunikation mit den Studierenden und Rückmeldung zu aktuellen Unterrichtsinhalten zu achten ist. Dies kann durch motivierende Maßnahmen zur Teilnahme an den Übungen oder durch kleine wöchentliche schriftliche Tests geschehen.
Diese Arbeit enthält eine umfassende Analyse, wie der Kompetenzerwerb in einem einsemestrigen Softwarepraktikum vonstatten geht. Dabei steht neben der Frage, welche Kompetenzen besonders gut erworben wurden, der Einfluss von Vorwissen/-kompetenz im Mittelpunkt der Abhandlung. Auf dieser Basis werden einige grundlegende und konkrete Verbesserungsvorschläge erarbeitet, wie der breite Kompetenzerwerb begünstigt wird, d.h. möglichst viele Studierende sich in einem breiten Kompetenzspektrum weiterentwickeln.
The main objective of this dissertation is to analyse prerequisites, expectations, apprehensions, and attitudes of students studying computer science, who are willing to gain a bachelor degree. The research will also investigate in the students’ learning style according to the Felder-Silverman model. These investigations fall in the attempt to make an impact on reducing the “dropout”/shrinkage rate among students, and to suggest a better learning environment.
The first investigation starts with a survey that has been made at the computer science department at the University of Baghdad to investigate the attitudes of computer science students in an environment dominated by women, showing the differences in attitudes between male and female students in different study years. Students are accepted to university studies via a centrally controlled admission procedure depending mainly on their final score at school. This leads to a high percentage of students studying subjects they do not want. Our analysis shows that 75% of the female students do not regret studying computer science although it was not their first choice. And according to statistics over previous years, women manage to succeed in their study and often graduate on top of their class. We finish with a comparison of attitudes between the freshman students of two different cultures and two different university enrolment procedures (University of Baghdad, in Iraq, and the University of Potsdam, in Germany) both with opposite gender majority.
The second step of investigation took place at the department of computer science at the University of Potsdam in Germany and analyzes the learning styles of students studying the three major fields of study offered by the department (computer science, business informatics, and computer science teaching). Investigating the differences in learning styles between the students of those study fields who usually take some joint courses is important to be aware of which changes are necessary to be adopted in the teaching methods to address those different students. It was a two stage study using two questionnaires; the main one is based on the Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire of B. A. Solomon and R. M. Felder, and the second questionnaire was an investigation on the students’ attitudes towards the findings of their personal first questionnaire. Our analysis shows differences in the preferences of learning style between male and female students of the different study fields, as well as differences between students with the different specialties (computer science, business informatics, and computer science teaching).
The third investigation looks closely into the difficulties, issues, apprehensions and expectations of freshman students studying computer science. The study took place at the computer science department at the University of Potsdam with a volunteer sample of students. The goal is to determine and discuss the difficulties and issues that they are facing in their study that may lead them to think in dropping-out, changing the study field, or changing the university. The research continued with the same sample of students (with business informatics students being the majority) through more than three semesters. Difficulties and issues during the study were documented, as well as students’ attitudes, apprehensions, and expectations. Some of the professors and lecturers opinions and solutions to some students’ problems were also documented. Many participants had apprehensions and difficulties, especially towards informatics subjects. Some business informatics participants began to think of changing the university, in particular when they reached their third semester, others thought about changing their field of study. Till the end of this research, most of the participants continued in their studies (the study they have started with or the new study they have changed to) without leaving the higher education system.
This thesis addresses real-time rendering techniques for 3D information lenses based on the focus & context metaphor. It analyzes, conceives, implements, and reviews its applicability to objects and structures of virtual 3D city models. In contrast to digital terrain models, the application of focus & context visualization to virtual 3D city models is barely researched. However, the purposeful visualization of contextual data of is extreme importance for the interactive exploration and analysis of this field. Programmable hardware enables the implementation of new lens techniques, that allow the augmentation of the perceptive and cognitive quality of the visualization compared to classical perspective projections. A set of 3D information lenses is integrated into a 3D scene-graph system: • Occlusion lenses modify the appearance of virtual 3D city model objects to resolve their occlusion and consequently facilitate the navigation. • Best-view lenses display city model objects in a priority-based manner and mediate their meta information. Thus, they support exploration and navigation of virtual 3D city models. • Color and deformation lenses modify the appearance and geometry of 3D city models to facilitate their perception. The presented techniques for 3D information lenses and their application to virtual 3D city models clarify their potential for interactive visualization and form a base for further development.
Modern biological analysis techniques supply scientists with various forms of data. One category of such data are the so called "expression data". These data indicate the quantities of biochemical compounds present in tissue samples. Recently, expression data can be generated at a high speed. This leads in turn to amounts of data no longer analysable by classical statistical techniques. Systems biology is the new field that focuses on the modelling of this information. At present, various methods are used for this purpose. One superordinate class of these methods is machine learning. Methods of this kind had, until recently, predominantly been used for classification and prediction tasks. This neglected a powerful secondary benefit: the ability to induce interpretable models. Obtaining such models from data has become a key issue within Systems biology. Numerous approaches have been proposed and intensively discussed. This thesis focuses on the examination and exploitation of one basic technique: decision trees. The concept of comparing sets of decision trees is developed. This method offers the possibility of identifying significant thresholds in continuous or discrete valued attributes through their corresponding set of decision trees. Finding significant thresholds in attributes is a means of identifying states in living organisms. Knowing about states is an invaluable clue to the understanding of dynamic processes in organisms. Applied to metabolite concentration data, the proposed method was able to identify states which were not found with conventional techniques for threshold extraction. A second approach exploits the structure of sets of decision trees for the discovery of combinatorial dependencies between attributes. Previous work on this issue has focused either on expensive computational methods or the interpretation of single decision trees a very limited exploitation of the data. This has led to incomplete or unstable results. That is why a new method is developed that uses sets of decision trees to overcome these limitations. Both the introduced methods are available as software tools. They can be applied consecutively or separately. That way they make up a package of analytical tools that usefully supplement existing methods. By means of these tools, the newly introduced methods were able to confirm existing knowledge and to suggest interesting and new relationships between metabolites.
Die Studieneingangsphase stellt für Studierende eine Schlüsselphase des tertiären Ausbildungsabschnitts dar. Fachwissenschaftliches Wissen wird praxisfern vermittelt und die Studierenden können die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Themenfeldern der verschiedenen Vorlesungen nicht erkennen. Zur Verbesserung der Situation wurde ein Workshop entwickelt, der die Verbindung der Programmierung und der Datenstrukturen vertieft. Dabei wird das Spiel Go-Moku1 als Android-App von den Studierenden selbständig entwickelt. Die Kombination aus Software (Java, Android-SDK) und Hardware (Tablet-Computer) für ein kleines realistisches Softwareprojekt stellt für die Studierenden eine neue Erfahrung dar.
Erstsemester-Studierende sind mit den Anforderungen des Lehr-/ Lernprozess einer Universität oder Fachhochschule noch nicht vertraut. Ihre Erwartungen orientieren sich vielmehr an ihrer bisherigen Lerngeschichte (Abitur, Fachabitur, o. ä.). Neben den fachlichen Anforderungen des ersten Semesters müssen die Studierenden also auch Veränderungen im Lehr-/Lernprozess erkennen und bewältigen. Es wird anhand einer Output-orientierten
informatischen Lehrveranstaltung aufgezeigt, dass sich aus deren strengen Anforderungen der Messbarkeit klare Kompetenzbeschreibungen ergeben, die besonders dem Orientierungsbedürfnis Erstsemester-Studierender entgegenkommen.
Zur Unterstützung von Studierenden in der Studieneingangsphase wurde an der RWTH Aachen ein neuartiger und motivierender Einstieg in den Vorkurs Informatik entwickelt und zum Wintersemester 2011/12 erprobt. Dabei wurde die grafische Programmierung mittels App Inventor eingeführt, die zur Umsetzung anwendungsbezogener Projekte genutzt wurde. In diesem Beitrag werden die Motivation für die Neugestaltung, das Konzept und die Evaluation des Testlaufs beschrieben. Diese dienen als Grundlage für eine vollständige Neukonzeption des Vorkurses für das Wintersemester 2012/2013.
Advances in biotechnologies rapidly increase the number of molecules of a cell which can be observed simultaneously. This includes expression levels of thousands or ten-thousands of genes as well as concentration levels of metabolites or proteins. Such Profile data, observed at different times or at different experimental conditions (e.g., heat or dry stress), show how the biological experiment is reflected on the molecular level. This information is helpful to understand the molecular behaviour and to identify molecules or combination of molecules that characterise specific biological condition (e.g., disease). This work shows the potentials of component extraction algorithms to identify the major factors which influenced the observed data. This can be the expected experimental factors such as the time or temperature as well as unexpected factors such as technical artefacts or even unknown biological behaviour. Extracting components means to reduce the very high-dimensional data to a small set of new variables termed components. Each component is a combination of all original variables. The classical approach for that purpose is the principal component analysis (PCA). It is shown that, in contrast to PCA which maximises the variance only, modern approaches such as independent component analysis (ICA) are more suitable for analysing molecular data. The condition of independence between components of ICA fits more naturally our assumption of individual (independent) factors which influence the data. This higher potential of ICA is demonstrated by a crossing experiment of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale Cress). The experimental factors could be well identified and, in addition, ICA could even detect a technical artefact. However, in continuously observations such as in time experiments, the data show, in general, a nonlinear distribution. To analyse such nonlinear data, a nonlinear extension of PCA is used. This nonlinear PCA (NLPCA) is based on a neural network algorithm. The algorithm is adapted to be applicable to incomplete molecular data sets. Thus, it provides also the ability to estimate the missing data. The potential of nonlinear PCA to identify nonlinear factors is demonstrated by a cold stress experiment of Arabidopsis thaliana. The results of component analysis can be used to build a molecular network model. Since it includes functional dependencies it is termed functional network. Applied to the cold stress data, it is shown that functional networks are appropriate to visualise biological processes and thereby reveals molecular dynamics.
Projektmanagement-Kompetenzen werden von Unternehmen unterschiedlichster Branchen mit wachsender Priorität betrachtet und eingefordert. Als Beitrag zu einer kompetenzorientierten Ausbildung werden in diesem Paper interdisziplinäre Studienmodule als Bestandteil des Wirtschaftsinformatik-Studiums vorgestellt. Zielsetzung der Studienmodule ist die Befähigung der Studierenden, konkrete Projekte unter Nutzung von standardisierten Werkzeugen und Methoden nach dem IPMA-Standard planen und durchführen zu können.
This thesis presents methods for automated synthesis of flexible chip multiprocessor systems from parallel programs targeted at FPGAs to exploit both task-level parallelism and architecture customization. Automated synthesis is necessitated by the complexity of the design space. A detailed description of the design space is provided in order to determine which parameters should be modeled to facilitate automated synthesis by optimizing a cost function, the emphasis being placed on inclusive modeling of parameters from application, architectural and physical subspaces, as well as their joint coverage in order to avoid pre-constraining the design space. Given a parallel program and a set of an IP library, the automated synthesis problem is to simultaneously (i) select processors (ii) map and schedule tasks to them, and (iii) select one or several networks for inter-task communications such that design constraints and optimization objectives are met. The research objective in this thesis is to find a suitable model for automated synthesis, and to evaluate methods of using the model for architectural optimizations. Our contributions are a holistic approach for the design of such systems, corresponding models to facilitate automated synthesis, evaluation of optimization methods using state of the art integer linear and answer set programming, as well as the development of synthesis heuristics to solve runtime challenges.
In this paper we describe the recent state of our research
project concerning computer science teachers’ knowledge on students’
cognition. We did a comprehensive analysis of textbooks, curricula
and other resources, which give teachers guidance to formulate assignments.
In comparison to other subjects there are only a few concepts
and strategies taught to prospective computer science teachers in university.
We summarize them and given an overview on our empirical
approach to measure this knowledge.
Most of the microelectronic circuits fabricated today are synchronous, i.e. they are driven by one or several clock signals. Synchronous circuit design faces several fundamental challenges such as high-speed clock distribution, integration of multiple cores operating at different clock rates, reduction of power consumption and dealing with voltage, temperature, manufacturing and runtime variations. Asynchronous or clockless design plays a key role in alleviating these challenges, however the design and test of asynchronous circuits is much more difficult in comparison to their synchronous counterparts. A driving force for a widespread use of asynchronous technology is the availability of mature EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools which provide an entire automated design flow starting from an HDL (Hardware Description Language) specification yielding the final circuit layout. Even though there was much progress in developing such EDA tools for asynchronous circuit design during the last two decades, the maturity level as well as the acceptance of them is still not comparable with tools for synchronous circuit design. In particular, logic synthesis (which implies the application of Boolean minimisation techniques) for the entire system's control path can significantly improve the efficiency of the resulting asynchronous implementation, e.g. in terms of chip area and performance. However, logic synthesis, in particular for asynchronous circuits, suffers from complexity problems. Signal Transitions Graphs (STGs) are labelled Petri nets which are a widely used to specify the interface behaviour of speed independent (SI) circuits - a robust subclass of asynchronous circuits. STG decomposition is a promising approach to tackle complexity problems like state space explosion in logic synthesis of SI circuits. The (structural) decomposition of STGs is guided by a partition of the output signals and generates a usually much smaller component STG for each partition member, i.e. a component STG with a much smaller state space than the initial specification. However, decomposition can result in component STGs that in isolation have so-called irreducible CSC conflicts (i.e. these components are not SI synthesisable anymore) even if the specification has none of them. A new approach is presented to avoid such conflicts by introducing internal communication between the components. So far, STG decompositions are guided by the finest output partitions, i.e. one output per component. However, this might not yield optimal circuit implementations. Efficient heuristics are presented to determine coarser partitions leading to improved circuits in terms of chip area. For the new algorithms correctness proofs are given and their implementations are incorporated into the decomposition tool DESIJ. The presented techniques are successfully applied to some benchmarks - including 'real-life' specifications arising in the context of control resynthesis - which delivered promising results.
Die gelungene Durchführung einer Vorlesung „Informatik I – Einführung in die Programmierung“ ist schwierig, trotz einer Vielfalt existierender Materialien und erprobter didaktischer Methoden. Gerade aufgrund dieser vielfältigen Auswahl hat sich bisher noch kein robustes Konzept durchgesetzt, das unabhängig von den Durchführenden eine hohe Erfolgsquote garantiert. An den Universitäten Tübingen und Freiburg wurde die Informatik I aus den gleichen Lehrmaterialien und unter ähnlichen Bedingungen durchgeführt, um das verwendete Konzept auf Robustheit zu überprüfen. Die Grundlage der Vorlesung bildet ein systematischer Ansatz zum Erlernen des Programmierens, der von der PLTGruppe in USA entwickelt worden ist. Hinzu kommen neue Ansätze zur Betreuung, insbesondere das Betreute Programmieren, bei dem die Studierenden eine solide Basis für ihre Programmierfähigkeiten entwickeln. Der vorliegende Bericht beschreibt hierbei gesammelte Erfahrungen, erläutert die Entwicklung der Unterrichtsmethodik und der Inhaltsauswahl im Vergleich zu vorangegangenen Vorlesungen und präsentiert Daten zum Erfolg der Vorlesung.
Aufzählen von DNA-Codes
(2006)
In dieser Arbeit wird ein Modell zum Aufzählen von DNA-Codes entwickelt. Indem eine Ordnung auf der Menge aller DNA-Codewörter eingeführt und auf die Menge aller Codes erweitert wird, erlaubt das Modell das Auffinden von DNA-Codes mit bestimmten Eigenschaften, wie Überlappungsfreiheit, Konformität, Kommafreiheit, Stickyfreiheit, Überhangfreiheit, Teilwortkonformität und anderer bezüglich einer gegebenen Involution auf der Menge der Codewörter. Ein auf Grundlage des geschaffenen Modells entstandenes Werkzeug erlaubt das Suchen von Codes mit beliebigen Kombinationen von Codeeigenschaften. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Bestandteil dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Optimalität von DNA-Codes bezüglich ihrer Informationsrate sowie das Finden solider DNA-Codes.
Die stetige Weiterentwicklung von VR-Systemen bietet neue Möglichkeiten der Interaktion mit virtuellen Objekten im dreidimensionalen Raum, stellt Entwickelnde von VRAnwendungen aber auch vor neue Herausforderungen. Selektions- und Manipulationstechniken müssen unter Berücksichtigung des Anwendungsszenarios, der Zielgruppe und der zur Verfügung stehenden Ein- und Ausgabegeräte ausgewählt werden. Diese Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag dazu, die Auswahl von passenden Interaktionstechniken zu unterstützen. Hierfür wurde eine repräsentative Menge von Selektions- und Manipulationstechniken untersucht und, unter Berücksichtigung existierender Klassifikationssysteme, eine Taxonomie entwickelt, die die Analyse der Techniken hinsichtlich interaktionsrelevanter Eigenschaften ermöglicht. Auf Basis dieser Taxonomie wurden Techniken ausgewählt, die in einer explorativen Studie verglichen wurden, um Rückschlüsse auf die Dimensionen der Taxonomie zu ziehen und neue Indizien für Vor- und Nachteile der Techniken in spezifischen Anwendungsszenarien zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit münden in eine Webanwendung, die Entwickelnde von VR-Anwendungen gezielt dabei unterstützt, passende Selektions- und Manipulationstechniken für ein Anwendungsszenario auszuwählen, indem Techniken auf Basis der Taxonomie gefiltert und unter Verwendung der Resultate aus der Studie sortiert werden können.
Digitale Medien enthalten bislang vor allem Inhalte in verschiedenen Darstellungsformen. Dies allein erzeugt jedoch nur einen geringen Mehrwert zu klassischen Lernressourcen, da die Kriterien der Interaktivität und Adaptivität nicht mit einbezogen werden. Dies scheitert jedoch oft an dem damit verbundenen Erstellungsaufwand. Der folgende Beitrag zeigt, wie durch die automatische Erzeugung von Aufgaben ein hochwertiger Wissenserwerb mit digitalen Medien ermöglicht wird. Ferner werden Vor- und Nachteile der automatischen Erstellung von Aufgaben erörtert.
This document presents an axiom selection technique for classic first order theorem proving based on the relevance of axioms for the proof of a conjecture. It is based on unifiability of predicates and does not need statistical information like symbol frequency. The scope of the technique is the reduction of the set of axioms and the increase of the amount of provable conjectures in a given time. Since the technique generates a subset of the axiom set, it can be used as a preprocessor for automated theorem proving. This technical report describes the conception, implementation and evaluation of ARDE. The selection method, which is based on a breadth-first graph search by unifiability of predicates, is a weakened form of the connection calculus and uses specialised variants or unifiability to speed up the selection. The implementation of the concept is evaluated with comparison to the results of the world championship of theorem provers of the year 2012 (CASC J6). It is shown that both the theorem prover leanCoP which uses the connection calculus and E which uses equality reasoning, can benefit from the selection approach. Also, the evaluation shows that the concept is applyable for theorem proving problems with thousands of formulae and that the selection is independent from the calculus used by the theorem prover.
BCH Codes mit kombinierter Korrektur und Erkennung In dieser Arbeit wird auf Grundlage des BCH Codes untersucht, wie eine Fehlerkorrektur mit einer Erkennung höherer Fehleranzahlen kombiniert werden kann. Mit dem Verfahren der 1-Bit Korrektur mit zusätzlicher Erkennung höherer Fehler wurde ein Ansatz entwickelt, welcher die Erkennung zusätzlicher Fehler durch das parallele Lösen einfacher Gleichungen der Form s_x = s_1^x durchführt. Die Anzahl dieser Gleichungen ist linear zu der Anzahl der zu überprüfenden höheren Fehler.
In dieser Arbeit wurde zusätzlich für bis zu 4-Bit Korrekturen mit zusätzlicher Erkennung höherer Fehler ein weiterer allgemeiner Ansatz vorgestellt. Dabei werden parallel für alle korrigierbaren Fehleranzahlen spekulative Fehlerkorrekturen durchgeführt. Aus den bestimmten Fehlerstellen werden spekulative Syndromkomponenten erzeugt, durch welche die Fehlerstellen bestätigt und höhere erkennbare Fehleranzahlen ausgeschlossen werden können. Die vorgestellten Ansätze unterscheiden sich von dem in entwickelten Ansatz, bei welchem die Anzahl der Fehlerstellen durch die Berechnung von Determinanten in absteigender Reihenfolge berechnet wird, bis die erste Determinante 0 bildet. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist durch die Berechnung der Determinanten eine faktorielle Anzahl an Berechnungen in Relation zu der Anzahl zu überprüfender Fehler durchzuführen. Im Vergleich zu dem bekannten sequentiellen Verfahrens nach Berlekamp Massey besitzen die Berechnungen im vorgestellten Ansatz simple Gleichungen und können parallel durchgeführt werden.Bei dem bekannten Verfahren zur parallelen Korrektur von 4-Bit Fehlern ist eine Gleichung vierten Grades im GF(2^m) zu lösen. Dies erfolgt, indem eine Hilfsgleichung dritten Grades und vier Gleichungen zweiten Grades parallel gelöst werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass sich eine Gleichung zweiten Grades einsparen lässt, wodurch sich eine Vereinfachung der Hardware bei einer parallelen Realisierung der 4-Bit Korrektur ergibt. Die erzielten Ergebnisse wurden durch umfangreiche Simulationen in Software und Hardwareimplementierungen überprüft.
Es wird ein Informatik-Wettbewerb für Schülerinnen und Schüler der Sekundarstufe II beschrieben, der über mehrere Wochen möglichst realitätsnah die Arbeitswelt eines Informatikers vorstellt. Im Wettbewerb erarbeiten die Schülerteams eine Android-App und organisieren ihre Entwicklung durch Projektmanagementmethoden, die sich an professionellen, agilen Prozessen orientieren. Im Beitrag werden der theoretische Hintergrund zu Wettbewerben, die organisatorischen und didaktischen Entscheidung, eine erste Evaluation sowie Reflexion und Ausblick dargestellt.
Background: The development of bioinformatics databases, algorithms, and tools throughout the last years has lead to a highly distributedworld of bioinformatics services. Without adequatemanagement and development support, in silico researchers are hardly able to exploit the potential of building complex, specialized analysis processes from these services. The Semantic Web aims at thoroughly equipping individual data and services with machine-processable meta-information, while workflow systems support the construction of service compositions. However, even in this combination, in silico researchers currently would have to deal manually with the service interfaces, the adequacy of the semantic annotations, type incompatibilities, and the consistency of service compositions. Results: In this paper, we demonstrate by means of two examples how Semantic Web technology together with an adequate domain modelling frees in silico researchers from dealing with interfaces, types, and inconsistencies. In Bio-jETI, bioinformatics services can be graphically combined to complex services without worrying about details of their interfaces or about type mismatches of the composition. These issues are taken care of at the semantic level by Bio-jETI’s model checking and synthesis features. Whenever possible, they automatically resolve type mismatches in the considered service setting. Otherwise, they graphically indicate impossible/incorrect service combinations. In the latter case, the workflow developermay either modify his service composition using semantically similar services, or ask for help in developing the missing mediator that correctly bridges the detected type gap. Newly developed mediators should then be adequately annotated semantically, and added to the service library for later reuse in similar situations. Conclusion: We show the power of semantic annotations in an adequately modelled and semantically enabled domain setting. Using model checking and synthesis methods, users may orchestrate complex processes from a wealth of heterogeneous services without worrying about interfaces and (type) consistency. The success of this method strongly depends on a careful semantic annotation of the provided services and on its consequent exploitation for analysis, validation, and synthesis. We are convinced that these annotations will become standard, as they will become preconditions for the success and widespread use of (preferred) services in the Semantic Web
Biographisches Lernen betont insbesondere die Rolle individueller biographischer Erfahrungen und deren Auswirkungen auf Selbstbild, Weltbild und Verhaltensmuster. Schlagwortartig kann diese Perspektive als Unterschied zwischen ‚Informatik lernen‘ und ‚Informatiker/in werden‘ beschrieben werden. Im Artikel wird die Perspektive des Biographischen Lernens an Beispielen aus der Informatik skizziert. Biographisches Lernen ist in der Informatik zunächst aus rein pragmatischen Gründen bedeutsam. Der rasche Wandel der Informationstechnologien im Alltag verändert Erfahrungshintergründe der Studierenden (bzw. Schülerinnen und Schüler). Dementsprechend verändern sich Erwartungen, Interessen, Vorkenntnisse, generelle Einstellungen oder auch ganz banal die ‚IT-Ausstattung‘ der Lernenden.
This thesis is concerned with the solution of the blind source separation problem (BSS). The BSS problem occurs frequently in various scientific and technical applications. In essence, it consists in separating meaningful underlying components out of a mixture of a multitude of superimposed signals. In the recent research literature there are two related approaches to the BSS problem: The first is known as Independent Component Analysis (ICA), where the goal is to transform the data such that the components become as independent as possible. The second is based on the notion of diagonality of certain characteristic matrices derived from the data. Here the goal is to transform the matrices such that they become as diagonal as possible. In this thesis we study the latter method of approximate joint diagonalization (AJD) to achieve a solution of the BSS problem. After an introduction to the general setting, the thesis provides an overview on particular choices for the set of target matrices that can be used for BSS by joint diagonalization. As the main contribution of the thesis, new algorithms for approximate joint diagonalization of several matrices with non-orthogonal transformations are developed. These newly developed algorithms will be tested on synthetic benchmark datasets and compared to other previous diagonalization algorithms. Applications of the BSS methods to biomedical signal processing are discussed and exemplified with real-life data sets of multi-channel biomagnetic recordings.
BugHunt
(2015)
Competencies related to operating systems and computer
security are usually taught systematically. In this paper we present
a different approach, in which students have to remove virus-like
behaviour on their respective computers, which has been induced by
software developed for this purpose. They have to develop appropriate
problem-solving strategies and thereby explore essential elements of
the operating system. The approach was implemented exemplarily in
two computer science courses at a regional general upper secondary
school and showed great motivation and interest in the participating
students.
Business process models are used within a range of organizational initiatives, where every stakeholder has a unique perspective on a process and demands the respective model. As a consequence, multiple process models capturing the very same business process coexist. Keeping such models in sync is a challenge within an ever changing business environment: once a process is changed, all its models have to be updated. Due to a large number of models and their complex relations, model maintenance becomes error-prone and expensive. Against this background, business process model abstraction emerged as an operation reducing the number of stored process models and facilitating model management. Business process model abstraction is an operation preserving essential process properties and leaving out insignificant details in order to retain information relevant for a particular purpose. Process model abstraction has been addressed by several researchers. The focus of their studies has been on particular use cases and model transformations supporting these use cases. This thesis systematically approaches the problem of business process model abstraction shaping the outcome into a framework. We investigate the current industry demand in abstraction summarizing it in a catalog of business process model abstraction use cases. The thesis focuses on one prominent use case where the user demands a model with coarse-grained activities and overall process ordering constraints. We develop model transformations that support this use case starting with the transformations based on process model structure analysis. Further, abstraction methods considering the semantics of process model elements are investigated. First, we suggest how semantically related activities can be discovered in process models-a barely researched challenge. The thesis validates the designed abstraction methods against sets of industrial process models and discusses the method implementation aspects. Second, we develop a novel model transformation, which combined with the related activity discovery allows flexible non-hierarchical abstraction. In this way this thesis advocates novel model transformations that facilitate business process model management and provides the foundations for innovative tool support.
The highly structured nature of the educational sector demands effective policy mechanisms close to the needs of the field. That is why evidence-based policy making, endorsed by the European Commission under Erasmus+ Key Action 3, aims to make an alignment between the domains of policy and practice. Against this background, this article addresses two issues: First, that there is a vertical gap in the translation of higher-level policies to local strategies and regulations. Second, that there is a horizontal gap between educational domains regarding the policy awareness of individual players. This was analyzed in quantitative and qualitative studies with domain experts from the fields of virtual mobility and teacher training. From our findings, we argue that the combination of both gaps puts the academic bridge from secondary to tertiary education at risk, including the associated knowledge proficiency levels. We discuss the role of digitalization in the academic bridge by asking the question: which value does the involved stakeholders expect from educational policies? As a theoretical basis, we rely on the model of value co-creation for and by stakeholders. We describe the used instruments along with the obtained results and proposed benefits. Moreover, we reflect on the methodology applied, and we finally derive recommendations for future academic bridge policies.
Parsing of argumentative structures has become a very active line of research in recent years. Like discourse parsing or any other natural language task that requires prediction of linguistic structures, most approaches choose to learn a local model and then perform global decoding over the local probability distributions, often imposing constraints that are specific to the task at hand. Specifically for argumentation parsing, two decoding approaches have been recently proposed: Minimum Spanning Trees (MST) and Integer Linear Programming (ILP), following similar trends in discourse parsing. In contrast to discourse parsing though, where trees are not always used as underlying annotation schemes, argumentation structures so far have always been represented with trees. Using the 'argumentative microtext corpus' [in: Argumentation and Reasoned Action: Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Argumentation, Lisbon 2015 / Vol. 2, College Publications, London, 2016, pp. 801-815] as underlying data and replicating three different decoding mechanisms, in this paper we propose a novel ILP decoder and an extension to our earlier MST work, and then thoroughly compare the approaches. The result is that our new decoder outperforms related work in important respects, and that in general, ILP and MST yield very similar performance.
The paper presents two approaches to the development of
a Computer Science Competence Model for the needs of curriculum
development and evaluation in Higher Education. A normativetheoretical
approach is based on the AKT and ACM/IEEE curriculum
and will be used within the recommendations of the German
Informatics Society (GI) for the design of CS curricula. An empirically
oriented approach refines the categories of the first one with regard to
specific subject areas by conducting content analysis on CS curricula of
important universities from several countries. The refined model will be
used for the needs of students’ e-assessment and subsequent affirmative
action of the CS departments.
Emotions are a central element of human experience. They occur with high frequency in everyday life and play an important role in decision making. However, currently there is no consensus among researchers on what constitutes an emotion and on how emotions should be investigated. This dissertation identifies three problems of current emotion research: the problem of ground truth, the problem of incomplete constructs and the problem of optimal representation. I argue for a focus on the detailed measurement of emotion manifestations with computer-aided methods to solve these problems. This approach is demonstrated in three research projects, which describe the development of methods specific to these problems as well as their application to concrete research questions.
The problem of ground truth describes the practice to presuppose a certain structure of emotions as the a priori ground truth. This determines the range of emotion descriptions and sets a standard for the correct assignment of these descriptions. The first project illustrates how this problem can be circumvented with a multidimensional emotion perception paradigm which stands in contrast to the emotion recognition paradigm typically employed in emotion research. This paradigm allows to calculate an objective difficulty measure and to collect subjective difficulty ratings for the perception of emotional stimuli. Moreover, it enables the use of an arbitrary number of emotion stimuli categories as compared to the commonly used six basic emotion categories. Accordingly, we collected data from 441 participants using dynamic facial expression stimuli from 40 emotion categories. Our findings suggest an increase in emotion perception difficulty with increasing actor age and provide evidence to suggest that young adults, the elderly and men underestimate their emotion perception difficulty. While these effects were predicted from the literature, we also found unexpected and novel results. In particular, the increased difficulty on the objective difficulty measure for female actors and observers stood in contrast to reported findings. Exploratory analyses revealed low relevance of person-specific variables for the prediction of emotion perception difficulty, but highlighted the importance of a general pleasure dimension for the ease of emotion perception.
The second project targets the problem of incomplete constructs which relates to vaguely defined psychological constructs on emotion with insufficient ties to tangible manifestations. The project exemplifies how a modern data collection method such as face tracking data can be used to sharpen these constructs on the example of arousal, a long-standing but fuzzy construct in emotion research. It describes how measures of distance, speed and magnitude of acceleration can be computed from face tracking data and investigates their intercorrelations. We find moderate to strong correlations among all measures of static information on one hand and all measures of dynamic information on the other. The project then investigates how self-rated arousal is tied to these measures in 401 neurotypical individuals and 19 individuals with autism. Distance to the neutral face was predictive of arousal ratings in both groups. Lower mean arousal ratings were found for the autistic group, but no difference in correlation of the measures and arousal ratings could be found between groups. Results were replicated in a high autistic traits group consisting of 41 participants. The findings suggest a qualitatively similar perception of arousal for individuals with and without autism. No correlations between valence ratings and any of the measures could be found which emphasizes the specificity of our tested measures for the construct of arousal.
The problem of optimal representation refers to the search for the best representation of emotions and the assumption that there is a one-fits-all solution. In the third project we introduce partial least squares analysis as a general method to find an optimal representation to relate two high-dimensional data sets to each other. The project demonstrates its applicability to emotion research on the question of emotion perception differences between men and women. The method was used with emotion rating data from 441 participants and face tracking data computed on 306 videos. We found quantitative as well as qualitative differences in the perception of emotional facial expressions between these groups. We showed that women’s emotional perception systematically captured more of the variance in facial expressions. Additionally, we could show that significant differences exist in the way that women and men perceive some facial expressions which could be visualized as concrete facial expression sequences. These expressions suggest differing perceptions of masked and ambiguous facial expressions between the sexes. In order to facilitate use of the developed method by the research community, a package for the statistical environment R was written. Furthermore, to call attention to the method and its usefulness for emotion research, a website was designed that allows users to explore a model of emotion ratings and facial expression data in an interactive fashion.
Computational Thinking
(2015)
Digital technology has radically changed the way people
work in industry, finance, services, media and commerce. Informatics
has contributed to the scientific and technological development of our
society in general and to the digital revolution in particular. Computational
thinking is the term indicating the key ideas of this discipline that
might be included in the key competencies underlying the curriculum
of compulsory education. The educational potential of informatics has
a history dating back to the sixties. In this article, we briefly revisit this
history looking for lessons learned. In particular, we focus on experiences
of teaching and learning programming. However, computational
thinking is more than coding. It is a way of thinking and practicing interactive
dynamic modeling with computers. We advocate that learners
can practice computational thinking in playful contexts where they can
develop personal projects, for example building videogames and/or robots,
share and discuss their construction with others. In our view, this
approach allows an integration of computational thinking in the K-12
curriculum across disciplines.
Das Training sozioemotionaler Kompetenzen ist gerade für Menschen mit Autismus nützlich. Ein solches Training kann mithilfe einer spielbasierten Anwendung effektiv gestaltet werden. Zwei Minispiele, Mimikry und Emo-Mahjong, wurden realisiert und hinsichtlich User Experience evaluiert. Die jeweiligen Konzepte und die Evaluationsergebnisse sollen hier vorgestellt werden.
This talk will describe My Digital Life (TU100), a distance learning module that introduces computer science through immediate engagement with ubiquitous computing (ubicomp). This talk will describe some of the principles and concepts we have adopted for this modern computing introduction: the idea of the ‘informed digital citizen’; engagement through narrative; playful pedagogy; making the power of ubicomp available to novices; setting technical skills in real contexts. It will also trace how the pedagogy is informed by experiences and research in Computer Science education.
This paper originated from discussions about the need for
important changes in the curriculum for Computing including two focus
group meetings at IFIP conferences over the last two years. The
paper examines how recent developments in curriculum, together with
insights from curriculum thinking in other subject areas, especially mathematics
and science, can inform curriculum design for Computing.
The analysis presented in the paper provides insights into the complexity
of curriculum design as well as identifying important constraints and
considerations for the ongoing development of a vision and framework
for a Computing curriculum.
Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung einer Applikation, welche Infrastrukturdaten über Eisenbahnnetze generiert. Dabei bildet die Erzeugung der topologischen Informationen den Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit. Der Anwender charakterisiert hierfür vorab das gewünschte Eisenbahnnetz, wobei die geforderten Eigenschaften die Randbedingungen darstellen, die bei der Synthese zu beachten sind. Zur Einhaltung dieser Bedingungen wird die Constraint-Programmierung eingesetzt, welche durch ihr spezielles Programmierparadigma konsistente Lösungen effizient erzeugt. Dies wird u.a. durch die Nachnutzung so genannter globaler Constraints erreicht. Aus diesem Grund wird insbesondere auf den Einsatz der Constraint-Programmierung bei der Modellierung und Implementierung der Applikation eingegangen.
Parsability approaches of several grammar formalisms generating also non-context-free languages are explored. Chomsky grammars, Lindenmayer systems, grammars with controlled derivations, and grammar systems are treated. Formal properties of these mechanisms are investigated, when they are used as language acceptors. Furthermore, cooperating distributed grammar systems are restricted so that efficient deterministic parsing without backtracking becomes possible. For this class of grammar systems, the parsing algorithm is presented and the feature of leftmost derivations is investigated in detail.
Das „Startprojekt“
(2016)
Absolventinnen und Absolventen unserer Informatik-Bachelorstudiengänge benötigen für kompetentes berufliches Handeln sowohl fachliche als auch überfachliche Kompetenzen. Vielfach verlangen wir von Erstsemestern in Grundlagen-Lehrveranstaltungen fast ausschließlich den Aufbau von Fachkompetenz und vernachlässigen dabei häufig Selbstkompetenz, Methodenkompetenz und Sozialkompetenz. Gerade die drei letztgenannten sind für ein erfolgreiches Studium unabdingbar und sollten von Anfang an entwickelt werden. Wir stellen unser „Startprojekt“ als einen Beitrag vor, im ersten Semester die eigenverantwortliche, überfachliche Kompetenzentwicklung in einem fachlichen Kontext zu fördern.
With the rise of electronic integration between organizations, the need for a precise specification of interaction behavior increases. Information systems, replacing interaction previously carried out by humans via phone, faxes and emails, require a precise specification for handling all possible situations. Such interaction behavior is described in process choreographies. Choreographies enumerate the roles involved, the allowed interactions, the message contents and the behavioral dependencies between interactions. Choreographies serve as interaction contract and are the starting point for adapting existing business processes and systems or for implementing new software components. As a thorough analysis and comparison of choreography modeling languages is missing in the literature, this thesis introduces a requirements framework for choreography languages and uses it for comparing current choreography languages. Language proposals for overcoming the limitations are given for choreography modeling on the conceptual and on the technical level. Using an interconnection modeling style, behavioral dependencies are defined on a per-role basis and different roles are interconnected using message flow. This thesis reveals a number of modeling "anti-patterns" for interconnection modeling, motivating further investigations on choreography languages following the interaction modeling style. Here, interactions are seen as atomic building blocks and the behavioral dependencies between them are defined globally. Two novel language proposals are put forward for this modeling style which have already influenced industrial standardization initiatives. While avoiding many of the pitfalls of interconnection modeling, new anomalies can arise in interaction models. A choreography might not be realizable, i.e. there does not exist a set of interacting roles that collectively realize the specified behavior. This thesis investigates different dimensions of realizability.
Geospatial data has become a natural part of a growing number of information systems and services in the economy, society, and people's personal lives. In particular, virtual 3D city and landscape models constitute valuable information sources within a wide variety of applications such as urban planning, navigation, tourist information, and disaster management. Today, these models are often visualized in detail to provide realistic imagery. However, a photorealistic rendering does not automatically lead to high image quality, with respect to an effective information transfer, which requires important or prioritized information to be interactively highlighted in a context-dependent manner.
Approaches in non-photorealistic renderings particularly consider a user's task and camera perspective when attempting optimal expression, recognition, and communication of important or prioritized information. However, the design and implementation of non-photorealistic rendering techniques for 3D geospatial data pose a number of challenges, especially when inherently complex geometry, appearance, and thematic data must be processed interactively. Hence, a promising technical foundation is established by the programmable and parallel computing architecture of graphics processing units.
This thesis proposes non-photorealistic rendering techniques that enable both the computation and selection of the abstraction level of 3D geospatial model contents according to user interaction and dynamically changing thematic information. To achieve this goal, the techniques integrate with hardware-accelerated rendering pipelines using shader technologies of graphics processing units for real-time image synthesis. The techniques employ principles of artistic rendering, cartographic generalization, and 3D semiotics—unlike photorealistic rendering—to synthesize illustrative renditions of geospatial feature type entities such as water surfaces, buildings, and infrastructure networks. In addition, this thesis contributes a generic system that enables to integrate different graphic styles—photorealistic and non-photorealistic—and provide their seamless transition according to user tasks, camera view, and image resolution.
Evaluations of the proposed techniques have demonstrated their significance to the field of geospatial information visualization including topics such as spatial perception, cognition, and mapping. In addition, the applications in illustrative and focus+context visualization have reflected their potential impact on optimizing the information transfer regarding factors such as cognitive load, integration of non-realistic information, visualization of uncertainty, and visualization on small displays.
Die Veröffentlichung eines global frei verfügbaren Onlinekurses abseits der großen MOOC Plattformen bringt spezielle Herausforderungen mit sich. Neben technischen Herausforderungen sind eine effiziente Wissensvermittlung und die Erhaltung der Lernmotivation zentral. Der folgende Beitrag stellt Techniken zur Steigerung der Lerneffizienz und -motivation anhand des ARCS Modells vor. Er zeigt auf, wie die verschiedenen Techniken in der Entwicklung des Onlinekurses „Designing Sustainable Food Systems“ umgesetzt wurden und inwieweit sie erfolgreich waren.
Die Arbeitswelt im Fokus
(2015)
Für Bachelor-Studierende der Wirtschaftsinformatik im zweiten Semester an der Fachhochschule Kiel werden im Modul Informationsmanagement neben klassischen didaktischen Ansätzen in einer seminaristischen Unterrichtsform so genannte „Aktivbausteine“ eingesetzt: Studierende erhalten zum einen die Gelegenheit, sich im Kontakt mit Fach- und Führungskräften aus der Industrie ein konkretes Bild vom Beruf der Wirtschaftsinformatikerin bzw. des Wirtschaftsinformatikers zu machen; zum anderen erarbeiten sie innovative Ansätze der Prozessverbesserung aus Sicht der IT oder mit Nutzenpotenzial für die IT und präsentieren ihre Ergebnisse öffentlich im Rahmen des Kieler Prozessmanagementforums. Diese Aktivbausteine dienen insbesondere der Berufsfeldorientierung: Durch die Informationen, die die Studierenden über die Anforderungen und Tätigkeiten von im Beruf stehenden Menschen erhalten, werden sie in die Lage versetzt, fundierte Entscheidungen bzgl. ihrer Studiengestaltung und Berufswahl zu treffen. Im Beitrag wird die Konzeption der Bausteine vorgestellt und deren Grad der Zielerreichung durch aktuelle Evaluationsergebnisse erläutert. Zudem wird die motivationale Wirkung der Aktivbausteine anhand der Theorie der Selbstbestimmung von Deci und Ryan [DR1985, DR1993, DR2004] erläutert.
In this thesis we introduce the concept of the degree of formality. It is directed against a dualistic point of view, which only distinguishes between formal and informal proofs. This dualistic attitude does not respect the differences between the argumentations classified as informal and it is unproductive because the individual potential of the respective argumentation styles cannot be appreciated and remains untapped.
This thesis has two parts. In the first of them we analyse the concept of the degree of formality (including a discussion about the respective benefits for each degree) while in the second we demonstrate its usefulness in three case studies. In the first case study we will repair Haskell B. Curry's view of mathematics, which incidentally is of great importance in the first part of this thesis, in light of the different degrees of formality. In the second case study we delineate how awareness of the different degrees of formality can be used to help students to learn how to prove. Third, we will show how the advantages of proofs of different degrees of formality can be combined by the development of so called tactics having a medium degree of formality. Together the three case studies show that the degrees of formality provide a convincing solution to the problem of untapped potential.
Der Beitrag skizziert ein Modell, das die Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen im Lehramtsstudium fördern soll. Zwar wird das Kompetenzmodell aus der Deutschdidaktik heraus entwickelt, nimmt aber auch fachübergreifende Anforderungen in den Bereichen Informationskompetenz, medientechnischer Kompetenzen, Fähigkeiten der Medienanalyse und -reflexion sowie Sprachhandlungskompetenz in den Blick. Damit wird das Ziel verfolgt, die besonderen Anforderungen angehender Lehrkräfte als Mediator*innen digitaler Kompetenzen darzustellen. Das beschriebene Modell dieser Vermittlungskompetenz dient der Verankerung digitaler Lehr-Lernkonzepte als wesentlicher Bestandteil der modernen Lehrer*innenbildung.
Das größte der fächerübergreifenden Projekte im Potsdamer Projekt Qualitätspakt Lehre hatte die flächendeckende Etablierung von digitalen Medien als einen integralen Bestandteil von Lehre und Studium zum Gegenstand. Im Teilprojekt E-Learning in Studienbereichen (eLiS) wurden dafür Maßnahmen in den Feldern Organisations-, technische und Inhaltsentwicklung zusammengeführt. Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert auf Basis von Ausgangslage und Zielsetzungen die Ergebnisse rund um die Digitalisierung von Lehre und Studium an der Universität Potsdam. Exemplarisch werden fünf Dienste näher vorgestellt, die inzwischen größtenteils in den Regelbetrieb der Hochschule übergegangen sind: die Videoplattform Media.UP, die mobile App Reflect.UP, die persönliche Lernumgebung Campus. UP, das Self-Service-Portal Cook.UP und das Anzeigesystem Freiraum.UP. Dabei wird jeweils ein technischer Blick „unter die Haube“ verbunden mit einer Erläuterung der Nutzungsmöglichkeiten, denen eine aktuelle Einschätzung von Lehrenden und Studierenden der Hochschule gegenübergestellt wird. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Einbettung der vorgestellten Entwicklungen in einen größeren Kontext und einem Ausblick auf die weiterhin anstehenden Aufgaben.
Services that operate over the Internet are under constant threat of being exposed to fraudulent use. Maintaining good user experience for legitimate users often requires the classification of entities as malicious or legitimate in order to initiate countermeasures. As an example, inbound email spam filters decide for spam or non-spam. They can base their decision on both the content of each email as well as on features that summarize prior emails received from the sending server. In general, discriminative classification methods learn to distinguish positive from negative entities. Each decision for a label may be based on features of the entity and related entities. When labels of related entities have strong interdependencies---as can be assumed e.g. for emails being delivered by the same user---classification decisions should not be made independently and dependencies should be modeled in the decision function. This thesis addresses the formulation of discriminative classification problems that are tailored for the specific demands of the following three Internet security applications. Theoretical and algorithmic solutions are devised to protect an email service against flooding of user inboxes, to mitigate abusive usage of outbound email servers, and to protect web servers against distributed denial of service attacks.
In the application of filtering an inbound email stream for unsolicited emails, utilizing features that go beyond each individual email's content can be valuable. Information about each sending mail server can be aggregated over time and may help in identifying unwanted emails. However, while this information will be available to the deployed email filter, some parts of the training data that are compiled by third party providers may not contain this information. The missing features have to be estimated at training time in order to learn a classification model. In this thesis an algorithm is derived that learns a decision function that integrates over a distribution of values for each missing entry. The distribution of missing values is a free parameter that is optimized to learn an optimal decision function.
The outbound stream of emails of an email service provider can be separated by the customer IDs that ask for delivery. All emails that are sent by the same ID in the same period of time are related, both in content and in label. Hijacked customer accounts may send batches of unsolicited emails to other email providers, which in turn might blacklist the sender's email servers after detection of incoming spam emails. The risk of being blocked from further delivery depends on the rate of outgoing unwanted emails and the duration of high spam sending rates. An optimization problem is developed that minimizes the expected cost for the email provider by learning a decision function that assigns a limit on the sending rate to customers based on the each customer's email stream.
Identifying attacking IPs during HTTP-level DDoS attacks allows to block those IPs from further accessing the web servers. DDoS attacks are usually carried out by infected clients that are members of the same botnet and show similar traffic patterns. HTTP-level attacks aim at exhausting one or more resources of the web server infrastructure, such as CPU time. If the joint set of attackers cannot increase resource usage close to the maximum capacity, no effect will be experienced by legitimate users of hosted web sites. However, if the additional load raises the computational burden towards the critical range, user experience will degrade until service may be unavailable altogether. As the loss of missing one attacker depends on block decisions for other attackers---if most other attackers are detected, not blocking one client will likely not be harmful---a structured output model has to be learned. In this thesis an algorithm is developed that learns a structured prediction decoder that searches the space of label assignments, guided by a policy.
Each model is evaluated on real-world data and is compared to reference methods. The results show that modeling each classification problem according to the specific demands of the task improves performance over solutions that do not consider the constraints inherent to an application.
Participants of this workshop will be confronted exemplarily
with a considerable inconsistency of global Informatics education at
lower secondary level. More importantly, they are invited to contribute
actively on this issue in form of short case studies of their countries.
Until now, very few countries have been successful in implementing
Informatics or Computing at primary and lower secondary level. The
spectrum from digital literacy to informatics, particularly as a discipline
in its own right, has not really achieved a breakthrough and seems to
be underrepresented for these age groups. The goal of this workshop
is not only to discuss the anamnesis and diagnosis of this fragmented
field, but also to discuss and suggest viable forms of therapy in form of
setting educational standards. Making visible good practices in some
countries and comparing successful approaches are rewarding tasks for
this workshop.
Discussing and defining common educational standards on a transcontinental
level for the age group of 14 to 15 years old students in a readable,
assessable and acceptable form should keep the participants of this
workshop active beyond the limited time at the workshop.
In order to face the rapidly increasing need for computational resources of various scientific and engineering applications one has to think of new ways to make more efficient use of the worlds current computational resources. In this respect, the growing speed of wide area networks made a new kind of distributed computing possible: Metacomputing or (distributed) Grid computing. This is a rather new and uncharted field in computational science. The rapidly increasing speed of networks even outperforms the average increase of processor speed: Processor speeds double on average each 18 month whereas network bandwidths double every 9 months. Due to this development of local and wide area networks Grid computing will certainly play a key role in the future of parallel computing. This type of distributed computing, however, distinguishes from the traditional parallel computing in many ways since it has to deal with many problems not occurring in classical parallel computing. Those problems are for example heterogeneity, authentication and slow networks to mention only a few. Some of those problems, e.g. the allocation of distributed resources along with the providing of information about these resources to the application have been already attacked by the Globus software. Unfortunately, as far as we know, hardly any application or middle-ware software takes advantage of this information, since most parallelizing algorithms for finite differencing codes are implicitly designed for single supercomputer or cluster execution. We show that although it is possible to apply classical parallelizing algorithms in a Grid environment, in most cases the observed efficiency of the executed code is very poor. In this work we are closing this gap. In our thesis, we will - show that an execution of classical parallel codes in Grid environments is possible but very slow - analyze this situation of bad performance, nail down bottlenecks in communication, remove unnecessary overhead and other reasons for low performance - develop new and advanced algorithms for parallelisation that are aware of a Grid environment in order to generelize the traditional parallelization schemes - implement and test these new methods, replace and compare with the classical ones - introduce dynamic strategies that automatically adapt the running code to the nature of the underlying Grid environment. The higher the performance one can achieve for a single application by manual tuning for a Grid environment, the lower the chance that those changes are widely applicable to other programs. In our analysis as well as in our implementation we tried to keep the balance between high performance and generality. None of our changes directly affect code on the application level which makes our algorithms applicable to a whole class of real world applications. The implementation of our work is done within the Cactus framework using the Globus toolkit, since we think that these are the most reliable and advanced programming frameworks for supporting computations in Grid environments. On the other hand, however, we tried to be as general as possible, i.e. all methods and algorithms discussed in this thesis are independent of Cactus or Globus.
Die öffentliche Verwaltung setzt seit mehreren Jahren E-Government-Anwendungssysteme ein, um ihre Verwaltungsprozesse intensiver mit moderner Informationstechnik zu unterstützen. Da die öffentliche Verwaltung in ihrem Handeln in besonderem Maße an Recht und Gesetz gebunden ist verstärkt und verbreitet sich der Zusammenhang zwischen den Gesetzen und Rechtsvorschriften einerseits und der zur Aufgabenunterstützung eingesetzten Informationstechnik andererseits. Aus Sicht der Softwaretechnik handelt es sich bei diesem Zusammenhang um eine spezielle Form der Verfolgbarkeit von Anforderungen (engl. Traceability), die so genannte Verfolgbarkeit im Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation (Pre-Requirements Specification Traceability, kurz Pre-RS Traceability), da sie Aspekte betrifft, die relevant sind, bevor die Anforderungen in eine Spezifikation eingeflossen sind (Ursprünge von Anforderungen). Der Ansatz dieser Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Verfolgbarkeit im Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation von E-Government-Anwendungssystemen. Er kombiniert dazu aktuelle Entwicklungen und Standards (insbesondere des World Wide Web Consortium und der Object Management Group) aus den Bereichen Verfolgbarkeit von Anforderungen, Semantic Web, Ontologiesprachen und modellgetriebener Softwareentwicklung. Der Lösungsansatz umfasst eine spezielle Ontologie des Verwaltungshandeln, die mit den Techniken, Methoden und Werkzeugen des Semantic Web eingesetzt wird, um in Texten von Rechtsvorschriften relevante Ursprünge von Anforderungen durch Annotationen mit einer definierten Semantik zu versehen. Darauf aufbauend wird das Ontology Definition Metamodel (ODM) verwendet, um die Annotationen als spezielle Individuen einer Ontologie auf Elemente der Unified Modeling Language (UML) abzubilden. Dadurch entsteht ein neuer Modelltyp Pre-Requirements Model (PRM), der das Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation formalisiert. Modelle diesen Typs können auch verwendet werden, um Aspekte zu formalisieren die sich nicht oder nicht vollständig aus dem Text der Rechtsvorschrift ergeben. Weiterhin bietet das Modell die Möglichkeit zum Anschluss an die modellgetriebene Softwareentwicklung. In der Arbeit wird deshalb eine Erweiterung der Model Driven Architecture (MDA) vorgeschlagen. Zusätzlich zu den etablierten Modelltypen Computation Independent Model (CIM), Platform Independent Model (PIM) und Platform Specific Model (PSM) könnte der Einsatz des PRM Vorteile für die Verfolgbarkeit bringen. Wird die MDA mit dem PRM auf das Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation ausgeweitet, kann eine Transformation des PRM in ein CIM als initiale Anforderungsspezifikation erfolgen, indem der MOF Query View Transformation Standard (QVT) eingesetzt wird. Als Teil des QVT-Standards ist die Aufzeichnung von Verfolgbarkeitsinformationen bei Modelltransformationen verbindlich. Um die semantische Lücke zwischen PRM und CIM zu überbrücken, erfolgt analog zum Einsatz des Plattformmodells (PM) in der PIM nach PSM Transformation der Einsatz spezieller Hilfsmodelle. Es kommen dafür die im Projekt "E-LoGo" an der Universität Potsdam entwickelten Referenzmodelle zum Einsatz. Durch die Aufzeichnung der Abbildung annotierter Textelemente auf Elemente im PRM und der Transformation der Elemente des PRM in Elemente des CIM kann durchgängige Verfolgbarkeit im Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation erreicht werden. Der Ansatz basiert auf einer so genannten Verfolgbarkeitsdokumentation in Form verlinkter Hypertextdokumente, die mittels XSL-Stylesheet erzeugt wurden und eine Verbindung zur graphischen Darstellung des Diagramms (z. B. Anwendungsfall-, Klassendiagramm der UML) haben. Der Ansatz unterstützt die horizontale Verfolgbarkeit zwischen Elementen unterschiedlicher Modelle vorwärts- und rückwärtsgerichtet umfassend. Er bietet außerdem vertikale Verfolgbarkeit, die Elemente des gleichen Modells und verschiedener Modellversionen in Beziehung setzt. Über den offensichtlichen Nutzen einer durchgängigen Verfolgbarkeit im Vorfeld der Anforderungsspezifikation (z. B. Analyse der Auswirkungen einer Gesetzesänderung, Berücksichtigung des vollständigen Kontextes einer Anforderung bei ihrer Priorisierung) hinausgehend, bietet diese Arbeit eine erste Ansatzmöglichkeit für eine Feedback-Schleife im Prozess der Gesetzgebung. Stehen beispielsweise mehrere gleichwertige Gestaltungsoptionen eines Gesetzes zur Auswahl, können die Auswirkungen jeder Option analysiert und der Aufwand ihrer Umsetzung in E-Government-Anwendungen als Auswahlkriterium berücksichtigt werden. Die am 16. März 2011 in Kraft getretene Änderung des NKRG schreibt eine solche Analyse des so genannten „Erfüllungsaufwands“ für Teilbereiche des Verwaltungshandelns bereits heute verbindlich vor. Für diese Analyse kann die vorliegende Arbeit einen Ansatz bieten, um zu fundierten Aussagen über den Änderungsaufwand eingesetzter E-Government-Anwendungssysteme zu kommen.
E-Assessment etablieren
(2020)
Elektronische Lernstandserhebungen, sogenannte E-Assessments, bieten für Lehrende und Studierende viele Vorteile z. B. hinsichtlich schneller Rückmeldungen oder kompetenzorientierter Fragenformate, und ermöglichen es, unabhängig von Ort und Zeit Prüfungen zu absolvieren. In diesem Beitrag werden die Einführung von summativen Lernstandserhebungen, sogenannter E-Klausuren, am Beispiel der Universität Potsdam, der Aufbau einer länderübergreifenden Initiative für E-Assessment sowie technische Möglichkeiten für dezentrale elektronische Klausuren vorgestellt. Dabei werden der aktuelle Stand, die Ziele und die gewählte stufenweise Umsetzungsstrategie der Universität Potsdam skizziert. Darauf aufbauend folgt eine Beschreibung des Vorgehens, der Kooperationsmöglichkeiten für den Wissens- und Erfahrungsaustausch sowie Herausforderungen der E-Assessment- Initiative. Abschließend werden verschiedene E-Klausurformen und technische Möglichkeiten zur Umsetzung komplexer Prüfungsumgebungen klassifiziert sowie mit ihren charakteristischen Vor- und Nachteilen diskutiert und eine integrierte Lösung vorgeschlagen.
E-Learning Symposium 2012
(2013)
Dieser Tagungsband beinhaltet die auf dem E-Learning Symposium 2012 an der Universität Potsdam vorgestellten Beiträge zu aktuellen Anwendungen, innovativen Prozesse und neuesten Ergebnissen im Themenbereich E-Learning. Lehrende, E-Learning-Praktiker und -Entscheider tauschten ihr Wissen über etablierte und geplante Konzepte im Zusammenhang mit dem Student-Life-Cycle aus. Der Schwerpunkt lag hierbei auf der unmittelbaren Unterstützung von Lehr- und Lernprozessen, auf Präsentation, Aktivierung und Kooperation durch Verwendung von neuen und etablierten Technologien.