Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (31)
Author
- Funk, S. (22)
- Khelifi, B. (22)
- Prokoph, H. (22)
- Santangelo, Andrea (22)
- Vincent, P. (22)
- Aharonian, Felix A. (21)
- Arrieta, M. (21)
- Blackwell, R. (21)
- Bolmont, J. (21)
- Bordas, Pol (21)
- Capasso, M. (21)
- Casanova, Sabrina (21)
- Chakraborty, N. (21)
- Chevalier, J. (21)
- Condon, B. (21)
- Davids, I. D. (21)
- Donath, A. (21)
- Dyks, J. (21)
- Edwards, T. (21)
- Egberts, Kathrin (21)
- Eschbach, S. (21)
- Farnier, C. (21)
- Fegan, S. (21)
- Fiasson, A. (21)
- Fontaine, G. (21)
- Gabici, S. (21)
- Gallant, Y. A. (21)
- Garrigoux, T. (21)
- Giavitto, G. (21)
- Glicenstein, J. F. (21)
- Hahn, J. (21)
- Hawkes, J. (21)
- Heinzelmann, G. (21)
- Henri, G. (21)
- Hermann, G. (21)
- Hofmann, W. (21)
- Hoischen, Clemens (21)
- Holler, M. (21)
- Horns, D. (21)
- Ivascenko, A. (21)
- Jacholkowska, A. (21)
- Jamrozy, M. (21)
- Jankowsky, D. (21)
- Jankowsky, F. (21)
- Jingo, M. (21)
- Jouvin, L. (21)
- Kastendieck, M. A. (21)
- Katz, U. (21)
- Kerszberg, D. (21)
- King, J. (21)
- Klepser, S. (21)
- Klochkov, D. (21)
- Kosack, K. (21)
- Krakau, S. (21)
- Kraus, M. (21)
- Laffon, H. (21)
- Lamanna, G. (21)
- Lau, J. (21)
- Lefaucheur, J. (21)
- Lemiere, A. (21)
- Lemoine-Goumard, M. (21)
- Liu, R. (21)
- Lohse, T. (21)
- Lorentz, M. (21)
- Marcowith, Alexandre (21)
- Mariaud, C. (21)
- Marx, R. (21)
- Maurin, G. (21)
- Maxted, N. (21)
- Meintjes, P. J. (21)
- Meyer, M. (21)
- Moderski, R. (21)
- Mohamed, M. (21)
- Mora, K. (21)
- Moulin, Emmanuel (21)
- Murach, T. (21)
- Niederwanger, F. (21)
- Niemiec, J. (21)
- Oakes, L. (21)
- Odaka, H. (21)
- Ohm, S. (21)
- Ostrowski, M. (21)
- Padovani, M. (21)
- Panter, M. (21)
- Parsons, R. D. (21)
- Pekeur, N. W. (21)
- Pelletier, G. (21)
- Peyaud, B. (21)
- Pita, S. (21)
- Punch, M. (21)
- Quirrenbach, A. (21)
- Raab, S. (21)
- Reimer, A. (21)
- Reimer, O. (21)
- Renaud, M. (21)
- Rieger, F. (21)
- Romoli, C. (21)
- Rudak, B. (21)
- Rulten, C. B. (21)
- Sasaki, M. (21)
- Schlickeiser, R. (21)
- Schulz, A. (21)
- Schwanke, U. (21)
- Schwemmer, S. (21)
- Seyffert, A. S. (21)
- Shafi, N. (21)
- Simoni, R. (21)
- Stawarz, L. (21)
- Steenkamp, R. (21)
- Tavernier, T. (21)
- Taylor, A. M. (21)
- Terrier, R. (21)
- Tjus, J. Becker (21)
- Tluczykont, M. (21)
- Trichard, C. (21)
- Tuffs, R. (21)
- Vasileiadis, G. (21)
- Veh, J. (21)
- Viana, A. (21)
- Vink, J. (21)
- Voisin, F. (21)
- Vuillaume, T. (21)
- Wadiasingh, Z. (21)
- Wagner, P. (21)
- Wagner, R. M. (21)
- Wagner, S. J. (21)
- White, R. (21)
- Wierzcholska, A. (21)
- Willmann, P. (21)
- Wouters, D. (21)
- Yang, R. (21)
- Zaborov, D. (21)
- Zacharias, M. (21)
- Zdziarski, A. A. (21)
- Zech, Alraune (21)
- Zefi, F. (21)
- Ziegler, A. (21)
- Abdalla, Hassan E. (20)
- Djannati-Atai, A. (20)
- Katarzynski, K. (20)
- Kluzniak, W. (20)
- Mayer, M. (20)
- Rowell, G. (20)
- Sol, H. (20)
- Spanier, F. (20)
- Venter, C. (20)
- Zywucka, N. (20)
- de Naurois, M. (20)
- van Soelen, B. (20)
- Chen, A. (19)
- Colafrancesco, S. (19)
- Conrad, J. (19)
- Deil, C. (19)
- Devin, J. (19)
- Ernenwein, J. -P. (19)
- Fernandes, M. V. (19)
- Fuessling, M. (19)
- Gottschall, D. (19)
- Grondin, M. -H. (19)
- Jung-Richardt, I. (19)
- Komin, Nu. (19)
- Leser, Eva (19)
- Lopez-Coto, R. (19)
- Lypova, I. (19)
- Marandon, V. (19)
- Oya, I. (19)
- Perennes, C. (19)
- Petrucci, P. -O. (19)
- Sahakian, V. (19)
- Shilon, I. (19)
- Stegmann, Christian (19)
- Tavernet, J. -P. (19)
- Tibaldo, L. (19)
- Voelk, H. J. (19)
- Woernlein, A. (19)
- van Eldik, C. (19)
- Abramowski, A. (18)
- Backes, M. (18)
- Balzer, A. (18)
- Barnard, M. (18)
- Becherini, Y. (18)
- Benkhali, F. Ait (18)
- Berge, D. (18)
- Bernhard, S. (18)
- Boisson, C. (18)
- Bregeon, J. (18)
- Brun, F. (18)
- Brun, P. (18)
- Bryan, M. (18)
- Bulik, T. (18)
- Cerruti, M. (18)
- Chaves, R. C. G. (18)
- Dirson, L. (18)
- Dutson, K. (18)
- Giebels, B. (18)
- Haupt, M. (18)
- Hinton, J. A. (18)
- Lenain, J. -P. (18)
- Mitchell, A. M. W. (18)
- Mohrmann, L. (18)
- Prokhorov, D. (18)
- Puehlhofer, G. (18)
- Sanchez, D. A. (18)
- Tiziani, D. (18)
- Uchiyama, Y. (18)
- de los Reyes, R. (18)
- Decock, J. (17)
- Lees, J. -P. (17)
- Poon, H. (17)
- Domainko, W. (16)
- Eger, P. (16)
- Piel, Q. (16)
- Settimo, M. (16)
- Sushch, I. (16)
- deWilt, P. (16)
- van Rensburg, C. (16)
- Aubert, P. (15)
- Bernloehr, K. (15)
- Janiak, M. (15)
- van der Walt, D. J. (15)
- Akhperjanian, A. G. (14)
- Cui, Y. (14)
- Degrange, B. (14)
- Foerster, A. (14)
- Jogler, T. (14)
- Kolitzus, D. (14)
- Lefranc, V. (14)
- Salek, D. (14)
- Spengler, G. (14)
- Spies, F. (14)
- Stycz, K. (14)
- Takahashi, T. (14)
- Zanin, R. (14)
- Arakawa, M. (13)
- Carr, J. (13)
- Iwasaki, H. (13)
- Katsuragawa, M. (13)
- Khangulyan, D. (13)
- Nakashima, S. (13)
- Saito, S. (13)
- Seglar-Arroyo, M. (13)
- Tsuji, N. (13)
- Andersson, T. (12)
- Cologna, G. (12)
- Gajdus, M. (12)
- Hervet, O. (12)
- Zabalza, V. (12)
- Boettcher, M. (11)
- Bonnefoy, S. (11)
- Buechele, M. (11)
- Chalme-Calvet, R. (11)
- Chretien, M. (11)
- Krueger, P. P. (11)
- Anguener, E. O. (10)
- Goyal, A. (10)
- Kieffer, M. (10)
- Oettl, S. (10)
- Schuessler, F. (10)
- Schussler, F. (10)
- Hadasch, D. (9)
- Rauth, R. (9)
- Bottcher, M. (8)
- Carosi, A. (8)
- Dubus, G. (8)
- Holch, T. L. (8)
- Krayzel, F. (8)
- Kruger, P. P. (8)
- Malyshev, D. (8)
- Rosier-Lees, S. (8)
- Stinzing, F. (8)
- Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (7)
- Caroff, S. (7)
- Emery, G. (7)
- Gate, F. (7)
- Glawion, D. (7)
- Ndiyavala, H. (7)
- Rinchiuso, L. (7)
- Shiningayamwe, K. (7)
- Spir-Jacob, M. (7)
- Steppa, Constantin Beverly (7)
- Tsirou, M. (7)
- Zorn, J. (7)
- Arribas, M. Paz (6)
- Coffaro, M. (6)
- Richter, S. (6)
- Poireau, V. (5)
- Couturier, C. (4)
- Dyrda, M. (4)
- Goya, A. (4)
- Hillert, A. (4)
- Sushch, Iurii (4)
- van der Walt, J. (4)
- Abramowski, Attila (3)
- Armand, C. (3)
- Aubert, Pierre (3)
- Backes, Michael (3)
- Balzer, Arnim (3)
- Barnard, Michelle (3)
- Becherini, Yvonne (3)
- Benkhali, Faical Ait (3)
- Berge, David (3)
- Bernhard, Sabrina (3)
- Bernlöhr, K. (3)
- Birsin, E. (3)
- Boisson, Catherine (3)
- Bregeon, Johan (3)
- Brun, Francois (3)
- Brun, Pierre (3)
- Bryan, Mark (3)
- Bulik, Tomasz (3)
- Chaves, Ryan C. G. (3)
- Chen, Andrew (3)
- Colafrancesco, Sergio (3)
- Conrad, Jan (3)
- Grudzinska, M. (3)
- Hinton, James Anthony (3)
- Liu, J. (3)
- Mitche, A. M. W. (3)
- Prokhorov, D. A. (3)
- Safi-Harb, S. (3)
- Sanchez, David M. (3)
- Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh (2)
- Almgren, Peter (2)
- Anguner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (2)
- Antonelli, L. A. (2)
- Barrio, J. A. (2)
- Bednarek, W. (2)
- Bernardini, E. (2)
- Bernlohr, K. (2)
- Biland, A. (2)
- Boettcher, Markus (2)
- Buson, S. (2)
- Böttcher, Markus (2)
- Carr, John (2)
- Carrigan, S. (2)
- Cheung, C. C. (2)
- Cologna, Gabriele (2)
- De Angelis, A. (2)
- De Los Reyes, R. (2)
- De Lotto, B. (2)
- Dei, C. (2)
- Dewilt, P. (2)
- Dominguez, A. (2)
- Dorner, D. (2)
- Doro, M. (2)
- Elliott, Paul (2)
- Elsaesser, D. (2)
- Ernenwein, J-P (2)
- Felix, Janine F. (2)
- Fernandes, M. (2)
- Forster, A. (2)
- Fukui, Y. (2)
- Giammaria, P. (2)
- Gottschal, D. (2)
- Grondin, M-H (2)
- Hartman, Catharina A. (2)
- Hayashida, M. (2)
- Holch, Tim Lukas (2)
- Hughes, G. (2)
- Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. (2)
- Jung-Richardt, I (2)
- Kahonen, Mika (2)
- Komin, Nu (2)
- Korner, Antje (2)
- Lehtimaki, Terho (2)
- Lenain, J-P (2)
- Leser, E. (2)
- Lindfors, E. (2)
- Lindgren, Cecilia M. (2)
- Liu, Jun (2)
- Lombardi, S. (2)
- Longo, F. (2)
- Lypova, I (2)
- Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka (2)
- Magi, Reedik (2)
- Mahajan, Anubha (2)
- Majumdar, P. (2)
- Mannheim, K. (2)
- Marandon, V (2)
- Mariotti, M. (2)
- Martin, Nicholas G. (2)
- Martinez, M. (2)
- Menzler, U. (2)
- Mohlke, Karen L. (2)
- Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. (2)
- Morris, Andrew P. (2)
- Nolte, Ilja M. (2)
- Oldehinkel, Albertine J. (2)
- Oya, I (2)
- Paiano, S. (2)
- Paoletti, R. (2)
- Paredes, J. M. (2)
- Perkins, J. S. (2)
- Persic, M. (2)
- Petrucci, P-O (2)
- Pohl, Martin (2)
- Poireau, V (2)
- Prandini, E. (2)
- Prester, D. Dominis (2)
- Raitakari, Olli T. (2)
- Reichardt, I. (2)
- Rico, J. (2)
- Rivadeneira, Fernando (2)
- Sahakian, V (2)
- Schandri, M. (2)
- Shilon, I (2)
- Snieder, Harold (2)
- Stamerra, A. (2)
- Stegmann, Christian Michael (2)
- Tavecchio, F. (2)
- Tavernet, J-P (2)
- Torres, D. F. (2)
- Uitterlinden, Andre G. (2)
- Venters, C. (2)
- Vogelezang, Suzanne (2)
- Wilhelmi, E. de Ona (2)
- Wilson, James F. (2)
- Wornlein, A. (2)
- Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. (2)
- de Wilt, P. (2)
- Abdalla, H. (1)
- Abecasis, Goncalo R. (1)
- Aboudan, A. (1)
- Ackermann, M. (1)
- Acosta, M. Vazquez (1)
- Adair, Linda S. (1)
- Addazi, A. (1)
- Afaq, Saima (1)
- Ahlqvist, Emma (1)
- Ahnen, M. L. (1)
- Ajello, M. (1)
- Akilesh, Shreeram (1)
- Akiyama, Masato (1)
- Albertus, C. (1)
- Alvarez, J. M. (1)
- Ambrosi, G. (1)
- Amin, Najaf (1)
- Ang, Wei (1)
- Anguenee, E. O. (1)
- Anguener, O. (1)
- Ansoldi, S. (1)
- Anton, S. (1)
- Arcaro, C. (1)
- Archambault, S. (1)
- Argan, A. (1)
- Arlen, T. (1)
- Arnison, Paul G. (1)
- Arnlov, Johan (1)
- Atalay, Mustafa (1)
- Aune, T. (1)
- Auvinen, Juha (1)
- Azman, Mohammad Shahfiz (1)
- Babic, A. (1)
- Babie, A. (1)
- Backman, Joshua D. (1)
- Bai, Xiaodong (1)
- Baibussinov, B. (1)
- Bakker, Stephan J. L. (1)
- Balasubramanian, Suganthi (1)
- Balbom, M. (1)
- Baldini, L. (1)
- Balman, S. (1)
- Bamba, A. (1)
- Bambi, C. (1)
- Banerjee, B. (1)
- Banerjee, Nilanjana (1)
- Bangale, P. (1)
- Bansal, Nisha (1)
- Baptista, Daniela (1)
- Baras, Aris (1)
- Barnard, Leland (1)
- Barres de Almeida, U. (1)
- Bartels, Meike (1)
- Bartels, R. (1)
- Bastieri, D. (1)
- Beaumont, Robin N. (1)
- Beckmann, Jacques S. (1)
- Behera, B. (1)
- Beilicke, M. (1)
- Ben Schottker (1)
- Benbow, W. (1)
- Bergmann, Sven (1)
- Bernard, D. (1)
- Bernasconi, T. (1)
- Bernlorhr, K. (1)
- Berti, A. (1)
- Bertucci, B. (1)
- Biasuzzi, B. (1)
- Bibb, Mervyn J. (1)
- Bierbaum, Gabriele (1)
- Biggs, Mary L. (1)
- Biino, Ginevra (1)
- Bilbao, Jose Ramon (1)
- Bilchele, M. (1)
- Bin Wei, Wen (1)
- Bird, R. (1)
- Bisgaard, Hans (1)
- Bissaldi, E. (1)
- Blanch, O. (1)
- Blumenfeld, Andrew L. (1)
- Bochud, Murielle (1)
- Boehnke, Michael (1)
- Boerwinkle, Eric (1)
- Boger, Carsten A. (1)
- Boissel, Mathilde (1)
- Bond, Tom (1)
- Bonnelykke, Klaus (1)
- Bonnoli, G. (1)
- Bonvicini, V. (1)
- Boomsma, Dorret I. (1)
- Borja, Judith B. (1)
- Borracci, F. (1)
- Bortnik, J. (1)
- Bosch-Ramon, V. (1)
- Bottacini, E. (1)
- Boutin, Thibaud S. (1)
- Bouvier, A. (1)
- Bowers, Albert A. (1)
- Bozhilov, V. (1)
- Bradfield, Jonathan P. (1)
- Branchesi, M. (1)
- Brdar, V. (1)
- Brenner, Hermann (1)
- Bretz, T. (1)
- Bringmann, T. (1)
- Brogna, A. (1)
- Brumat, Marco (1)
- Btichele, M. (1)
- Buckley, J. H. (1)
- Bugaev, V. (1)
- Bugni, Tim S. (1)
- Bulaj, Grzegorz (1)
- Bulgarelli, A. (1)
- Burkhardt, Ralph (1)
- Busetto, G. (1)
- Busso, M. (1)
- Bustamante, Mariona (1)
- Butterworth, Adam S. (1)
- Bykov, A. (1)
- Byrum, K. (1)
- Böttinger, Erwin (1)
- Caccianiga, A. (1)
- Camarero, Julio A. (1)
- Camera, S. (1)
- Campana, Eric (1)
- Campana, R. (1)
- Campbell, Archie (1)
- Campbell, Harry (1)
- Campopiano, Dominic J. (1)
- Canouil, Mickael (1)
- Cantor, Michael (1)
- Caraveo, P. (1)
- Cardillo, M. (1)
- Cardon, Lon (1)
- Carey, David J. (1)
- Carlson, P. (1)
- Carosi, R. (1)
- Carroll, Robert J. (1)
- Catamo, Eulalia (1)
- Cavadino, Alana (1)
- Celestin, S. (1)
- Cermeno, M. (1)
- Cesarini, A. (1)
- Chadwick, P. M. (1)
- Chai, Jin-Fang (1)
- Challis, Gregory L. (1)
- Chambers, John C. (1)
- Charoen, Pimphen (1)
- Chasman, Daniel I. (1)
- Chatterjee, A. (1)
- Chee, Miao-Li (1)
- Chee, Miao-Ling (1)
- Chen, Xu (1)
- Chen, Zhanghua (1)
- Cheng, Ching-Yu (1)
- Cheng, Yurong (1)
- Christensen, Kaare (1)
- Chu, Audrey Y. (1)
- Chung, Wendy K. (1)
- Churazov, E. (1)
- Cifkova, Renata (1)
- Ciprini, S. (1)
- Ciullo, Marina (1)
- Ciupik, L. (1)
- Clardy, Jon (1)
- Coc, A. (1)
- Cocca, Massimiliano (1)
- Coin, Lachlan (1)
- Coleiro, A. (1)
- Colin, P. (1)
- Collaboration, H. E. S. S. (1)
- Collmar, W. (1)
- Colombo, E. (1)
- Concas, Maria Pina (1)
- Connolly, M. P. (1)
- Contreras, J. L. (1)
- Cook, James P. (1)
- Cooper, Cyrus (1)
- Coppi, P. (1)
- Coppola, Giovanni (1)
- Coresh, Josef (1)
- Corre, Tanguy (1)
- Cortina, J. (1)
- Cotter, Paul D. (1)
- Cousminer, Diana L. (1)
- Covino, S. (1)
- Craik, David J. (1)
- Cui, W. (1)
- Cumani, P. (1)
- Curado da Silva, R. (1)
- Curtin, John A. (1)
- Cusi, Daniele (1)
- Custovic, Adnan (1)
- Cutini, S. (1)
- Da Vela, P. (1)
- Danesh, John (1)
- Das, Shikta (1)
- Davies, Gareth E. (1)
- Daw, E. Warwick (1)
- Dawson, Michael (1)
- Day, Felix R. (1)
- Dazzi, F. (1)
- De Borst, Martin H. (1)
- De Grandi, Alessandro (1)
- De Mutsert, Renee (1)
- De Naurois, M. (1)
- De Rosa, A. (1)
- De Silva, N. Maneka (1)
- De Vries, Aiko P. J. (1)
- Dedoussis, George V. (1)
- Degenhardt, Frauke (1)
- Dehghan, Abbas (1)
- Del Santo, M. (1)
- Delgado, Graciela (1)
- Delgado, L. (1)
- Demirkan, Ayse (1)
- Denton, Richard E. (1)
- Devuyst, Olivier (1)
- Di Angelantonio, Emanuele (1)
- Di Pierro, F. (1)
- Dickinson, H. J. (1)
- Diehl, R. (1)
- Dietrich, S. (1)
- Dittmann-Thünemann, Elke (1)
- Dittrich, Katalin (1)
- Divers, Jasmin (1)
- Djannati-Ataie, A. (1)
- Doert, M. (1)
- Dolgov, A. D. (1)
- Donadio, Stefano (1)
- Donnarumma, I. (1)
- Dorajoo, Rajkumar (1)
- Dorrestein, Pieter C. (1)
- Duijts, Liesbeth (1)
- Dutra, M. (1)
- Eastwood, Peter R. (1)
- Eckardt, Kai-Uwe (1)
- Economides, Aris (1)
- Edward, Digna R. Velez (1)
- Edwards, Todd L. (1)
- Ehret, Georg (1)
- Einecke, S. (1)
- Eliasen, Anders U. (1)
- Endlich, Karlhans (1)
- Engelkemeier, M. (1)
- Enokiya, R. (1)
- Entian, Karl-Dieter (1)
- Er, M. Kie Ff (1)
- Eriksson, Johan G. (1)
- Errando, M. (1)
- Ert, Ff (1)
- Estivill, Xavier (1)
- Evans, David M. (1)
- Evans, Michele K. (1)
- Fabrizio, M. (1)
- Fadista, Joao (1)
- Falcone, A. (1)
- Federici, Simone (1)
- Fedko, Iryna O. (1)
- Feenstra, Bjarke (1)
- Fegan, S. J. (1)
- Feitosa, Mary F. (1)
- Feng, Q. (1)
- Fernandez, D. (1)
- Fernandez, G. Rodriguez (1)
- Fernandez-Barra, A. (1)
- Fernandez-Barral, A. (1)
- Fickel, Jörns (1)
- Fidalgo, D. (1)
- Finley, J. P. (1)
- Fioretti, V. (1)
- Fischbach, Michael A. (1)
- Foffano, L. (1)
- Fonseca, M. V. (1)
- Font, L. (1)
- Foo, Valencia Hui Xian (1)
- Formato, V. (1)
- Fornengo, N. (1)
- Fortin, P. (1)
- Fortson, L. (1)
- Foschini, L. (1)
- Franceschini, A. (1)
- Franckowiak, A. (1)
- Franco, Oscar H. (1)
- Franke, Andre (1)
- Frayling, Timothy M. (1)
- Freathy, Rachel M. (1)
- Freedman, Barry I. (1)
- Freitag-Wolf, Sandra (1)
- Friedlander, Yechiel (1)
- Froguel, Philippe (1)
- Fruck, C. (1)
- Ftifiling, M. (1)
- Fuchsberger, Christian (1)
- Fukuyama, T. (1)
- Furniss, A. (1)
- Fuschino, F. (1)
- Fussling, Matthias (1)
- Gaggero, D. (1)
- Gaillard, Romy (1)
- Galante, N. (1)
- Galanti, G. (1)
- Galindo, D. (1)
- Gall, D. (1)
- Gansevoort, Ron T. (1)
- Gao, He (1)
- Garavelli, John S. (1)
- Garcia, J. R. (1)
- Garczarczyk, M. (1)
- Gargano, F. (1)
- Gasparini, Paolo (1)
- Gasparrini, D. (1)
- Gast, H. (1)
- Gauderman, W. James (1)
- Gaug, M. (1)
- Gaziano, J. Michael (1)
- Gehrz, R. (1)
- Geller, Frank (1)
- Ghasemi, Sahar (1)
- Ghirlanda, G. (1)
- Ghisellini, G. (1)
- Giedraitis, Vilmantas (1)
- Gieger, Christian (1)
- Giglietto, N. (1)
- Gilbert, M. Thomas P. (1)
- Gillanders, G. H. (1)
- Gilliland, Frank (1)
- Gilsanz, Vincente (1)
- Giommi, P. (1)
- Giordano, F. (1)
- Giri, Ayush (1)
- Giroletti, M. (1)
- Girotto, Giorgia (1)
- Giulianini, Franco (1)
- Glawion, D. Eisenacher (1)
- Glocer, A. (1)
- Godinovic, N. (1)
- Godinovie, N. (1)
- Goeransson, Ulf (1)
- Gogele, Martin (1)
- Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia (1)
- Gonzalez, J. Becerra (1)
- Gora, D. (1)
- Gordon, Scott D. (1)
- Gorski, Mathias (1)
- Gouiffes, C. (1)
- Granell, Raquel (1)
- Grant, Struan F. A. (1)
- Grarup, Niels (1)
- Grenier, I. A. (1)
- Griffin, S. (1)
- Griffiths, S. (1)
- Groop, Leif (1)
- Grove, J. E. (1)
- Grube, J. (1)
- Gruber, Christian W. (1)
- Guberman, D. (1)
- Gudbjartsson, Daniel F. (1)
- Gudipudi, Venkata Ramana (1)
- Gudnason, Vilmundur (1)
- Guxens, Monica (1)
- Gyuk, G. (1)
- Habegger, Lukas (1)
- Hadley, Dexter (1)
- Haft, Daniel H. (1)
- Hahn, A. (1)
- Hakonarson, Hakon (1)
- Haller, Toomas (1)
- Halpern, J. P. (1)
- Hamadache, C. (1)
- Hamet, Pavel (1)
- Hanlon, L. (1)
- Hanna, D. (1)
- Hansen, Torben (1)
- Harding, A. (1)
- Harris, Tamara B. (1)
- Hartmann, D. H. (1)
- Hassan, T. (1)
- Hattersley, Andrew T. (1)
- Hawes, Alicia (1)
- Hayakawa, T. (1)
- Hayes, M. Geoffrey (1)
- Hayward, Caroline (1)
- Hebebrand, Johannes (1)
- Heid, Iris M. (1)
- Heinrich, Joachim (1)
- Helgeland, Oyvind (1)
- Hellwege, Jacklyn N. (1)
- Hemscheidt, Thomas K. (1)
- Henders, Anjali K. (1)
- Henderson, John (1)
- Heng, Chew-Kiat (1)
- Henriksen, Tine B. (1)
- Hernanz, M. (1)
- Herrera, J. (1)
- Hertweck, Christian (1)
- Hicks, Andrew A. (1)
- Hill, Colin (1)
- Hinney, Anke (1)
- Hirschhorn, Joel N. (1)
- Hivert, Marie-France (1)
- Ho, Kevin (1)
- Hocher, Berthold (1)
- Hofer, Edith (1)
- Hoffman, Joshua D. (1)
- Holder, J. (1)
- Holloway, John W. (1)
- Holt, Patrick (1)
- Hoppmann, Anselm (1)
- Horikoshi, Momoko (1)
- Horn, Katrin (1)
- Horswill, Alexander R. (1)
- Hose, J. (1)
- Hottenga, Jouke-Jan (1)
- Hrupec, D. (1)
- Hryczuk, A. (1)
- Huang, Wei (1)
- Hudson, M. K. (1)
- Humensky, T. B. (1)
- Hung, Adriana M. (1)
- Hutri-Kahonen, Nina (1)
- Hveem, Kristian (1)
- Hwang, Shih-Jen (1)
- Hypponen, Elina (1)
- Ikram, M. Arfan (1)
- Indridason, Olafur S. (1)
- Ingelsson, Erik (1)
- Iniguez, Carmen (1)
- Isern, J. (1)
- Ishio, K. (1)
- Ising, Marcus (1)
- Jacobsson, Bo (1)
- Jakobsdottir, Johanna (1)
- Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta (1)
- Jaspars, Marcel (1)
- Jean, P. (1)
- Johansson, Stefan (1)
- Johnson, T. (1)
- Jonas, Jost B. (1)
- Jones, Marcus (1)
- Jorgensen, C. Budtz (1)
- Jose, J. (1)
- Joshi, Peter K. (1)
- Josyula, Navya Shilpa (1)
- Jugessur, Astanand (1)
- Jung, Bettina (1)
- Kaaret, P. (1)
- Kalkwarf, Heidi J. (1)
- Kamatani, Yoichiro (1)
- Kammerer, Candace M. (1)
- Kanai, Masahiro (1)
- Kanbach, G. (1)
- Kaprio, Jaakko (1)
- Karhunen, Ville (1)
- Kastarinen, Mika (1)
- Katarzyfiski, K. (1)
- Katsuta, J. (1)
- Kaufmann, S. (1)
- Kelly, Wendy L. (1)
- Kemp, John P. (1)
- Kerkhof, Marjan (1)
- Kerr, Shona M. (1)
- Kertzman, M. (1)
- Khalid, Shareef (1)
- Khassen, Y. (1)
- Khor, Chiea-Chuen (1)
- Kieda, D. (1)
- Kiener, J. (1)
- Kiess, Wieland (1)
- Kirsten, Holger (1)
- Kleber, Marcus E. (1)
- Klinman, Judith P. (1)
- Kluiniak, W. (1)
- Knodlseder, J. (1)
- Koenig, Wolfgang (1)
- Koetz, Joachim (1)
- Kolem, M. (1)
- Komar, C. (1)
- Konno, Y. (1)
- Kooner, Jaspal S. (1)
- Kopp, J. (1)
- Koppelman, Gerard H. (1)
- Kosmella, Sabine (1)
- Kotecha, Sailesh (1)
- Kottgen, Anna (1)
- Kovacs, Peter (1)
- Kovalev, Y. Y. (1)
- Kozhuharov, V. (1)
- Kraja, Aldi T. (1)
- Krajcoviechova, Alena (1)
- Kramer, Bernhard K. (1)
- Kramer, Holly (1)
- Krawczynski, H. (1)
- Kreiner-Moller, Eskil (1)
- Krennrich, F. (1)
- Kronenberg, Florian (1)
- Kropp, Jürgen (1)
- Krtiger, P. P. (1)
- Kruer, P. P. (1)
- Kubo, H. (1)
- Kubo, Michiaki (1)
- Kuhnel, Brigitte (1)
- Kuipers, Oscar P. (1)
- Kulohoma, Benard (1)
- Kumar, Ashish (1)
- Kumar, S. (1)
- Kuokkanen, Mikko (1)
- Kushida, J. (1)
- Kutalik, Zoltan (1)
- Kuusisto, Johanna (1)
- Kuvezdie, D. (1)
- Kuvvetli, I. (1)
- La Bianca, Martina (1)
- Laakso, Markku (1)
- Labanti, C. (1)
- Lahti, Jari (1)
- Lakka, Timo A. (1)
- Lalkovski, S. (1)
- Lang, M. J. (1)
- Lange, Leslie A. (1)
- Langefeld, Carl D. (1)
- Lappe, Joan M. (1)
- Larsson, Henrik (1)
- Laurent, P. (1)
- Lawlor, Debbie A. (1)
- Leader, Joseph B. (1)
- Ledbetter, David H. (1)
- Lee, Jeannette Jen-Mai (1)
- Lees, J-P (1)
- Lehne, Benjamin (1)
- Leising, M. (1)
- Lelas, D. (1)
- Lenain, J. - P. (1)
- Lenz, Dorina (1)
- Lewin, Alexandra M. (1)
- Li, Alexander H. (1)
- Li, Jin (1)
- Li, Man (1)
- Li, Yong (1)
- Lichtenstein, Paul (1)
- Lieb, Wolfgang (1)
- Lim, Burton K. (1)
- Lim, Su-Chi (1)
- Limousin, O. (1)
- Linares, M. (1)
- Lind, Lars (1)
- Lindi, Virpi (1)
- Lindner, M. (1)
- Link, A. James (1)
- Linneberg, Allan (1)
- Lister, M. L. (1)
- Liu, Daren (1)
- Liu, Jianjun (1)
- Liu, K. (1)
- Liu, Shanlin (1)
- Liu, Wen (1)
- Liu, Xueping (1)
- Liu, Zhu (1)
- Loeffler, Markus (1)
- Loos, Ruth J. F. (1)
- Loparco, F. (1)
- Lopez Moya, M. (1)
- Lopez, Alexander (1)
- Lopez, M. (1)
- Lopez, R. J. Garcia (1)
- Lopez-Oramas, A. (1)
- Lott, B. (1)
- Lowe, William L. (1)
- Lubrano, P. (1)
- Lucae, Susanne (1)
- Lukas, Mary Ann (1)
- Lundstrom, Sebastian (1)
- Lüdeke, Matthias K. B. (1)
- Ma, Ronald C. W. (1)
- Mace, Aurelien (1)
- Madejski, G. (1)
- Madhavan, A. S. (1)
- Magill, J. D. (1)
- Magnus, Per (1)
- Magnusson, Patrik K. E. (1)
- Maier, G. (1)
- Makariev, M. (1)
- Mallamaci, Manuela (1)
- Mamun, Abdullah A. (1)
- Maneva, G. (1)
- Manganaro, M. (1)
- Mankuzhiyil, N. (1)
- Mannikko, Minna (1)
- Marahiel, Mohamed A. (1)
- Maraschi, L. (1)
- Marcha, M. J. (1)
- Marchini, Jonathan (1)
- Marciano, A. (1)
- Marcketta, Anthony (1)
- Marcote, B. (1)
- Marisaldi, M. (1)
- Marten, Jonathan (1)
- Martins, Jade (1)
- Martins, Renata (1)
- Marz, Winfried (1)
- Mascalzoni, Deborah (1)
- Matsuda, Koichi (1)
- Maxwell, Evan (1)
- Mayer, Michael (1)
- Mazin, D. (1)
- Mazziotta, Mario Nicola (1)
- Mbarek, Hamdi (1)
- McArthur, S. (1)
- McBreen, S. (1)
- McCann, A. (1)
- McCarthy, Mark I. (1)
- McCarthy, Nina S. (1)
- McEnery, J. (1)
- Medland, Sarah E. (1)
- Meisinger, Christa (1)
- Meitinger, Thomas (1)
- Melander, Olle (1)
- Melbye, Mads (1)
- Melen, Erik (1)
- Menzel, U. (1)
- Mereghetti, S. (1)
- Merle, A. (1)
- Metspalu, Andres (1)
- Middeldorp, Christel M. (1)
- Mignani, R. (1)
- Mikaelsdottir, Evgenia K. (1)
- Milaneschi, Yuri (1)
- Miliku, Kozeta (1)
- Millan, R. M. (1)
- Millis, J. (1)
- Min, K. (1)
- Minervini, G. (1)
- Minev, M. (1)
- Mirzoyan, R. (1)
- Mishra, Pashupati P. (1)
- Mitchell, Douglas A. (1)
- Moiseev, A. (1)
- Moll, Gert N. (1)
- Monnereau, Claire (1)
- Mononen, Nina (1)
- Montgomery, Grant W. (1)
- Moore, Bradley S. (1)
- Moralejo, A. (1)
- Moreno, V. (1)
- Moretti, E. (1)
- Morgen, Camilla S. (1)
- Moriarty, P. (1)
- Moroni, P. G. Prada (1)
- Morselli, A. (1)
- Moura, F. (1)
- Mueller, Rolf (1)
- Mukherjee, R. (1)
- Munar-Adrover, P. (1)
- Murray, Jeffrey C. (1)
- Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. (1)
- Myhre, Ronny (1)
- Nadkarni, Girish N. (1)
- Nair, Satish K. (1)
- Najman, Jackob M. (1)
- Nakazawa, K. (1)
- Nalls, Mike A. (1)
- Nauck, Matthias (1)
- Nava, L. (1)
- Nelson, Matthew R. (1)
- Nes, Ingolf F. (1)
- Neustroev, V. (1)
- Niedzwiecki, A. (1)
- Nieto, D. (1)
- Nikus, Kjell (1)
- Nilsson, K. (1)
- Ning, Boting (1)
- Nishijima, K. (1)
- Nivard, Michel G. (1)
- Njolstad, Pal R. (1)
- Noce, Damia (1)
- Noda, K. (1)
- Nogues, L. (1)
- Nohr, Ellen A. (1)
- Noordam, Raymond (1)
- Norris, Gillian E. (1)
- Ntalla, Ioanna (1)
- Nutile, Teresa (1)
- O'Dushlaine, Colm (1)
- O'Keeffe, Sean (1)
- Oberfield, Sharon E. (1)
- Oberlack, U. (1)
- Ofman, L. (1)
- Okada, Yukinori (1)
- Oken, Emily (1)
- Okuda, T. (1)
- Olafsson, Isleifur (1)
- Olivera, Baldomero M. (1)
- Onaka, Hiroyasu (1)
- Ong, Ken K. (1)
- Ong, R. A. (1)
- Orho-Melander, Marju (1)
- Orienti, M. (1)
- Orio, M. (1)
- Orlando, E. (1)
- Orleanski, P. (1)
- Ott, S. (1)
- Otte, A. N. (1)
- Ottl, S. (1)
- Ouwehand, Willem H. (1)
- Overton, John D. (1)
- Padmanabhan, Sandosh (1)
- Pahkala, Katja (1)
- Palacio, J. (1)
- Palmer, Nicholette D. (1)
- Palsson, Runolfur (1)
- Palviainen, Teemu (1)
- Pandey, Ashutosh K. (1)
- Paneque, D. (1)
- Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope (1)
- Papitto, A. (1)
- Paredes-Fortuny, X. (1)
- Park, N. (1)
- Parkinson, P. Saz (1)
- Parsa, Afshin (1)
- Pasquato, M. (1)
- Patchett, Mark L. (1)
- Patel, Riddhi P. (1)
- Paternoster, Lavinia (1)
- Patricelli, B. (1)
- Pattaro, Cristian (1)
- Pearce, M. (1)
- Pedaletti, G. (1)
- Pedersen, Oluf (1)
- Penaloza, Fernando (1)
- Pendergrass, Sarah A. (1)
- Penn, John (1)
- Pennell, Craig E. (1)
- Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. (1)
- Peresano, M. (1)
- Perez-Garcia, M. A. (1)
- Perls, Thomas (1)
- Perola, Markus (1)
- Perri, L. (1)
- Perry, John R. B. (1)
- Pershagen, Goran (1)
- Piano, G. (1)
- Pichel, A. (1)
- Pie, Q. (1)
- Piel, Jörn (1)
- Pimenta, M. (1)
- Pirastu, Mario (1)
- Pirastu, Nicola (1)
- Pistis, Giorgio (1)
- Pitkanen, Niina (1)
- Pittori, C. (1)
- Plomin, Robert (1)
- Podgornaia, Anna I. (1)
- Polasek, Ozren (1)
- Ponte, Belen (1)
- Poona, H. (1)
- Popkow, A. (1)
- Porteous, David J. (1)
- Porter, T. (1)
- Poulain, Tanja (1)
- Poutanen, J. (1)
- Power, Christine (1)
- Pramstaller, Peter P. (1)
- Prantzos, N. (1)
- Prasad, Rashmi B. (1)
- Praveen, Kavita (1)
- Preuss, Michael H. (1)
- Prins, Bram P. (1)
- Produit, N. (1)
- Profumo, S. (1)
- Program, V. A. Million Veteran (1)
- Prokopenko, Inga (1)
- Province, Michael A. (1)
- Psaty, Bruce M. (1)
- Ptffilhofer, G. (1)
- Puelhofer, G. (1)
- Puhlhofer, G. (1)
- Puljak, I. (1)
- Pulkkinen, Lea (1)
- Pushkarev, A. B. (1)
- Queiroz, F. S. (1)
- Quinn, J. (1)
- Rabelink, Ton J. (1)
- Raffield, Laura M. (1)
- Ragan, K. (1)
- Raikkonen, Katri (1)
- Raino, S. (1)
- Raklev, A. (1)
- Ramazani, V. Fallah (1)
- Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmin (1)
- Rando, R. (1)
- Razzano, M. (1)
- Reaney, Martin J. T. (1)
- Rebuffat, Sylvie (1)
- Regis, M. (1)
- Reid, Jeffrey G. (1)
- Reilly, Dermot F. (1)
- Rephaeli, Y. (1)
- Rettig, Rainer (1)
- Reyes, L. C. (1)
- Reyes, R. de los (1)
- Reynolds, P. T. (1)
- Reynolds, Rebecca M. (1)
- Rheinberger, Myriam (1)
- Rhode, W. (1)
- Rice, Kenneth M. (1)
- Richards, G. T. (1)
- Richmond, Rebecca C. (1)
- Ridker, Paul M. (1)
- Riti, M. (1)
- Rizzi, Federica (1)
- Roache, E. (1)
- Roberts, David J. (1)
- Robertson, Neil R. (1)
- Robino, Antonietta (1)
- Rodejohann, W. (1)
- Rodger, C. J. (1)
- Rodriguez, Alina (1)
- Rogers, B. N. (1)
- Roncadelli, M. (1)
- Roos, Christian (1)
- Rose, Richard J. (1)
- Rosillo, M. Nievas (1)
- Roso, L. (1)
- Ross, R. Paul (1)
- Rossing, Peter (1)
- Rossiter, Stephen J. (1)
- Rotter, Jerome I. (1)
- Rovero, A. (1)
- Rowel, G. (1)
- Rudan, Igor (1)
- Rueedi, Rico (1)
- Ruffini, R. (1)
- Ruggiero, Daniela (1)
- Ryan, Kathleen A. (1)
- Rybski, Diego (1)
- Saba, Yasaman (1)
- Sabanayagam, Charumathi (1)
- Sahl, Hans-Georg (1)
- Saito, T. (1)
- Sala, Cinzia Felicita (1)
- Sala, G. (1)
- Salem, Rany (1)
- Salerno, William J. (1)
- Salleh, Faezah Mohd (1)
- Salomaa, Veikko (1)
- Salvi, Erika (1)
- Sanchez-Conde, M. A. (1)
- Sano, H. (1)
- Santa-Marina, Loreto (1)
- Satalecka, K. (1)
- Saum, Kai-Uwe (1)
- Saw, Seang-Mei (1)
- Saxon, D. B. (1)
- Sbarrato, T. (1)
- Schmidt, Eric W. (1)
- Schmidt, Helena (1)
- Schmidt, Reinhold (1)
- Schnurr, Theresia M. (1)
- Scholz, Markus (1)
- Schroeder, S. (1)
- Schtissler, F. (1)
- Schulz, Christina-Alexandra (1)
- Schupf, Nicole (1)
- Schurmann, Claudia (1)
- Schweizer, T. (1)
- Scott, James G. (1)
- Scott, Robert A. (1)
- Sebert, Sylvain (1)
- Sedaghat, Sanaz (1)
- Selsted, Michael E. (1)
- Selzam, Saskia (1)
- Sembroski, G. H. (1)
- Severinov, Konstantin (1)
- Shaffer, Christian M. (1)
- Shamsir, Mohd Shahir (1)
- Shearer, A. (1)
- Shellard, R. (1)
- Shen, Ben (1)
- Shepherd, John A. (1)
- Shi, Yuan (1)
- Shirahama, K. (1)
- Shore, S. N. (1)
- Short, K. (1)
- Shprits, Yuri (1)
- Shuldiner, Alan R. (1)
- Sieber, Karsten B. (1)
- Siegert, T. (1)
- Sillanpaa, A. (1)
- Sim, Xueling (1)
- Simpson, Angela (1)
- Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S. (1)
- Siqueira, C. (1)
- Sitarek, J. (1)
- Sivonen, Kaarina (1)
- Skotte, Line (1)
- Sleiman, Patrick M. A. (1)
- Smith, A. W. (1)
- Smith, Albert V. (1)
- Smith, Blair H. (1)
- Smith, George Davey (1)
- Smith, Leif (1)
- Smith, P. S. (1)
- So, H. (1)
- Sobczynskall, D. (1)
- Soranzo, Nicole (1)
- Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. (1)
- Spanie, F. (1)
- Spinelli, P. (1)
- Spracklen, Cassandra N. (1)
- St Pourcain, Beate (1)
- Standl, Marie (1)
- Staples, Jeffrey (1)
- Starrfield, S. (1)
- Staszak, D. (1)
- Steegers, Eric A. P. (1)
- Stefansson, Kari (1)
- Stein, Torsten (1)
- Stoltenberg, Camilla (1)
- Strachan, David P. (1)
- Straker, Leon (1)
- Strandberg, Timo (1)
- Strauch, Konstantin (1)
- Stringham, Heather M. (1)
- Strong, A. (1)
- Strumke, I. (1)
- Strzys, M. (1)
- Stumvoll, Michael (1)
- Suessmuth, Roderich D. (1)
- Sunyer, Jordi (1)
- Surakka, Ida (1)
- Surie, T. (1)
- Sushch, I (1)
- Sveinbjornsson, Gardar (1)
- Svensson, Per O. (1)
- Szymczak, Silke (1)
- Tachmazidou, Ioanna (1)
- Tagg, John R. (1)
- Tai, E-Shyong (1)
- Tajuddin, Salman M. (1)
- Takalo, L. (1)
- Tan, Nicholas Y. Q. (1)
- Tanaka, Y. (1)
- Tang, Gong-Li (1)
- Tatischeff, V. (1)
- Tavani, M. (1)
- Taverna, R. (1)
- Taylor, Kent D. (1)
- Taylor, Michelle (1)
- Tayo, Bamidele O. (1)
- Telezhinsky, Igor O. (1)
- Temnikov, P. (1)
- Teo, Yik-Ying (1)
- Teren, Andrej (1)
- Terzic, T. (1)
- Terzie, T. (1)
- Tescaro, D. (1)
- Teshima, M. (1)
- Teumer, Alexander (1)
- Tham, Yih-Chung (1)
- Theiling, M. (1)
- Thiering, Elisabeth (1)
- Thiery, Joachim (1)
- Thio, Chris H. L. (1)
- Thompson, D. J. (1)
- Thomsen, Hauke (1)
- Thorleifsson, Gudmar (1)
- Tibolla, O. (1)
- Tiemeier, Henning (1)
- Timpson, Nicholas J. (1)
- Tin, Adrienne (1)
- Toniolo, Daniela (1)
- Tonjes, Anke (1)
- Torii, K. (1)
- Torrent, Maties (1)
- Torres-Alla, N. (1)
- Tremblay, Johanne (1)
- Treves, A. (1)
- Truman, Andrew W. (1)
- Turolla, R. (1)
- Tyrrell, Jessica (1)
- Tzoulaki, Ioanna (1)
- Ulyanov, A. (1)
- Ursi, A. (1)
- Vaccargiu, Simona (1)
- Vacchi, A. (1)
- Valerius, K. (1)
- Van Dam, Rob M. (1)
- Van Duijn, Cornelia M. (1)
- Van Eldik, C. (1)
- Van Hout, Cristopher V. (1)
- Van Rensburg, C. (1)
- Van Soelen, B. (1)
- Van den Abeele, J. (1)
- Van der Harst, Pim (1)
- Van der Most, Peter J. (1)
- Van der Walt, D. J. (1)
- Vankova-Kirilovai, G. (1)
- Vanzo, G. (1)
- Varlotta, A. (1)
- Vassiliev, V. V. (1)
- Vederas, John C. (1)
- Verrecchia, F. (1)
- Verweij, Niek (1)
- Viikari, Jorma (1)
- Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia (1)
- Vincent, S. (1)
- Vitart, Veronique (1)
- Vok, H. J. (1)
- Volk, H. J. (1)
- Volker, Uwe (1)
- Vollenweider, Peter (1)
- Volpe, F. (1)
- Von Ballmoos, P. (1)
- Vonk, Judith M. (1)
- Vovk, I. (1)
- Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. (1)
- Vuoksimaa, Eero (1)
- Waeber, Gerard (1)
- Wakely, S. P. (1)
- Waldenberger, Melanie (1)
- Wallentin, Lars (1)
- Walsh, Christopher T. (1)
- Walter, R. (1)
- Walton, Jonathan D. (1)
- Wang, Carol A. (1)
- Wang, Chaolong (1)
- Wang, Lihua (1)
- Wang, X. (1)
- Wang, Ya Xing (1)
- Ward, J. E. (1)
- Warrington, Nicole M. (1)
- Waterworth, Dawn M. (1)
- Watkins, William J. (1)
- Weekes, T. C. (1)
- Weinstein, A. (1)
- Welsing, R. (1)
- Weniger, C. (1)
- Wenzel, Silke C. (1)
- White, Harvey (1)
- Whitehouse, Andrew J. O. (1)
- Whitfield, John B. (1)
- Whittaker, John (1)
- Wichmann, H-Erich (1)
- Widen, Elisabeth E. (1)
- Wild, Sarah H. (1)
- Will, M. (1)
- Willemsen, Gonneke (1)
- Willer, Cristen J. (1)
- Willey, Joanne M. (1)
- Williams, D. A. (1)
- Williams, Gail M. (1)
- Wilson, James G. (1)
- Wilting, Andreas (1)
- Wojczynski, Mary K. (1)
- Wong, Charlene (1)
- Wong, Tien-Yin (1)
- Wray, Naomi R. (1)
- Wu, M. H. (1)
- Wu, X. (1)
- Wuttke, Matthias (1)
- Xu, Cheng-Jian (1)
- Xu, Liang (1)
- Xu, Shujing (1)
- Xu, Yizhe (1)
- Yadav, Ashish (1)
- Yaghootkar, Hanieh (1)
- Yamamoto, H. (1)
- Yancopoulos, George D. (1)
- Yang, Qiong (1)
- Yasuda, Masayuki (1)
- Ye, Bin (1)
- Yi, Lu (1)
- Yoshiike, S. (1)
- Yu, Zhi (1)
- Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi (1)
- Zaharijas, G. (1)
- Zampieri, L. (1)
- Zane, S. (1)
- Zarie, D. (1)
- Zdziarski, A. (1)
- Zeggini, Eleftheria (1)
- Zemel, Babette S. (1)
- Zhang, Weihua (1)
- Zhou, Bin (1)
- Zimmer, S. (1)
- Zitzer, B. (1)
- Zoglauer, A. (1)
- Zonderman, Alan B. (1)
- Zywuckan, N. (1)
- da Silva, C. L. (1)
- de Almeida, U. Barres (1)
- de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain (1)
- de Martino, D. (1)
- dewilt, P. (1)
- van Beijsterveldt, Toos (1)
- van Duijn, Cornelia M. (1)
- van Edik, C. (1)
- van der Donk, Wilfred A. (1)
- van der Most, Peter J. (1)
- van der Wale, D. J. (1)
Language
- English (31)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (31)
Keywords
- gamma rays: general (12)
- ISM: supernova remnants (6)
- cosmic rays (5)
- gamma rays: galaxies (4)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (4)
- gamma rays: ISM (3)
- ISM: clouds (2)
- X-rays: binaries (2)
- acceleration of particles (2)
- astroparticle physics (2)
A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
(2019)
Wuttke, Matthias ; Li, Yong ; Li, Man ; Sieber, Karsten B. ; Feitosa, Mary F. ; Gorski, Mathias ; Tin, Adrienne ; Wang, Lihua ; Chu, Audrey Y. ; Hoppmann, Anselm ; Kirsten, Holger ; Giri, Ayush ; Chai, Jin-Fang ; Sveinbjornsson, Gardar ; Tayo, Bamidele O. ; Nutile, Teresa ; Fuchsberger, Christian ; Marten, Jonathan ; Cocca, Massimiliano ; Ghasemi, Sahar ; Xu, Yizhe ; Horn, Katrin ; Noce, Damia ; Van der Most, Peter J. ; Sedaghat, Sanaz ; Yu, Zhi ; Akiyama, Masato ; Afaq, Saima ; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh ; Almgren, Peter ; Amin, Najaf ; Arnlov, Johan ; Bakker, Stephan J. L. ; Bansal, Nisha ; Baptista, Daniela ; Bergmann, Sven ; Biggs, Mary L. ; Biino, Ginevra ; Boehnke, Michael ; Boerwinkle, Eric ; Boissel, Mathilde ; Böttinger, Erwin ; Boutin, Thibaud S. ; Brenner, Hermann ; Brumat, Marco ; Burkhardt, Ralph ; Butterworth, Adam S. ; Campana, Eric ; Campbell, Archie ; Campbell, Harry ; Canouil, Mickael ; Carroll, Robert J. ; Catamo, Eulalia ; Chambers, John C. ; Chee, Miao-Ling ; Chee, Miao-Li ; Chen, Xu ; Cheng, Ching-Yu ; Cheng, Yurong ; Christensen, Kaare ; Cifkova, Renata ; Ciullo, Marina ; Concas, Maria Pina ; Cook, James P. ; Coresh, Josef ; Corre, Tanguy ; Sala, Cinzia Felicita ; Cusi, Daniele ; Danesh, John ; Daw, E. Warwick ; De Borst, Martin H. ; De Grandi, Alessandro ; De Mutsert, Renee ; De Vries, Aiko P. J. ; Degenhardt, Frauke ; Delgado, Graciela ; Demirkan, Ayse ; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele ; Dittrich, Katalin ; Divers, Jasmin ; Dorajoo, Rajkumar ; Eckardt, Kai-Uwe ; Ehret, Georg ; Elliott, Paul ; Endlich, Karlhans ; Evans, Michele K. ; Felix, Janine F. ; Foo, Valencia Hui Xian ; Franco, Oscar H. ; Franke, Andre ; Freedman, Barry I. ; Freitag-Wolf, Sandra ; Friedlander, Yechiel ; Froguel, Philippe ; Gansevoort, Ron T. ; Gao, He ; Gasparini, Paolo ; Gaziano, J. Michael ; Giedraitis, Vilmantas ; Gieger, Christian ; Girotto, Giorgia ; Giulianini, Franco ; Gogele, Martin ; Gordon, Scott D. ; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F. ; Gudnason, Vilmundur ; Haller, Toomas ; Hamet, Pavel ; Harris, Tamara B. ; Hartman, Catharina A. ; Hayward, Caroline ; Hellwege, Jacklyn N. ; Heng, Chew-Kiat ; Hicks, Andrew A. ; Hofer, Edith ; Huang, Wei ; Hutri-Kahonen, Nina ; Hwang, Shih-Jen ; Ikram, M. Arfan ; Indridason, Olafur S. ; Ingelsson, Erik ; Ising, Marcus ; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. ; Jakobsdottir, Johanna ; Jonas, Jost B. ; Joshi, Peter K. ; Josyula, Navya Shilpa ; Jung, Bettina ; Kahonen, Mika ; Kamatani, Yoichiro ; Kammerer, Candace M. ; Kanai, Masahiro ; Kastarinen, Mika ; Kerr, Shona M. ; Khor, Chiea-Chuen ; Kiess, Wieland ; Kleber, Marcus E. ; Koenig, Wolfgang ; Kooner, Jaspal S. ; Korner, Antje ; Kovacs, Peter ; Kraja, Aldi T. ; Krajcoviechova, Alena ; Kramer, Holly ; Kramer, Bernhard K. ; Kronenberg, Florian ; Kubo, Michiaki ; Kuhnel, Brigitte ; Kuokkanen, Mikko ; Kuusisto, Johanna ; La Bianca, Martina ; Laakso, Markku ; Lange, Leslie A. ; Langefeld, Carl D. ; Lee, Jeannette Jen-Mai ; Lehne, Benjamin ; Lehtimaki, Terho ; Lieb, Wolfgang ; Lim, Su-Chi ; Lind, Lars ; Lindgren, Cecilia M. ; Liu, Jun ; Liu, Jianjun ; Loeffler, Markus ; Loos, Ruth J. F. ; Lucae, Susanne ; Lukas, Mary Ann ; Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka ; Magi, Reedik ; Magnusson, Patrik K. E. ; Mahajan, Anubha ; Martin, Nicholas G. ; Martins, Jade ; Marz, Winfried ; Mascalzoni, Deborah ; Matsuda, Koichi ; Meisinger, Christa ; Meitinger, Thomas ; Melander, Olle ; Metspalu, Andres ; Mikaelsdottir, Evgenia K. ; Milaneschi, Yuri ; Miliku, Kozeta ; Mishra, Pashupati P. ; Program, V. A. Million Veteran ; Mohlke, Karen L. ; Mononen, Nina ; Montgomery, Grant W. ; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. ; Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. ; Nadkarni, Girish N. ; Nalls, Mike A. ; Nauck, Matthias ; Nikus, Kjell ; Ning, Boting ; Nolte, Ilja M. ; Noordam, Raymond ; Olafsson, Isleifur ; Oldehinkel, Albertine J. ; Orho-Melander, Marju ; Ouwehand, Willem H. ; Padmanabhan, Sandosh ; Palmer, Nicholette D. ; Palsson, Runolfur ; Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. ; Perls, Thomas ; Perola, Markus ; Pirastu, Mario ; Pirastu, Nicola ; Pistis, Giorgio ; Podgornaia, Anna I. ; Polasek, Ozren ; Ponte, Belen ; Porteous, David J. ; Poulain, Tanja ; Pramstaller, Peter P. ; Preuss, Michael H. ; Prins, Bram P. ; Province, Michael A. ; Rabelink, Ton J. ; Raffield, Laura M. ; Raitakari, Olli T. ; Reilly, Dermot F. ; Rettig, Rainer ; Rheinberger, Myriam ; Rice, Kenneth M. ; Ridker, Paul M. ; Rivadeneira, Fernando ; Rizzi, Federica ; Roberts, David J. ; Robino, Antonietta ; Rossing, Peter ; Rudan, Igor ; Rueedi, Rico ; Ruggiero, Daniela ; Ryan, Kathleen A. ; Saba, Yasaman ; Sabanayagam, Charumathi ; Salomaa, Veikko ; Salvi, Erika ; Saum, Kai-Uwe ; Schmidt, Helena ; Schmidt, Reinhold ; Ben Schottker ; Schulz, Christina-Alexandra ; Schupf, Nicole ; Shaffer, Christian M. ; Shi, Yuan ; Smith, Albert V. ; Smith, Blair H. ; Soranzo, Nicole ; Spracklen, Cassandra N. ; Strauch, Konstantin ; Stringham, Heather M. ; Stumvoll, Michael ; Svensson, Per O. ; Szymczak, Silke ; Tai, E-Shyong ; Tajuddin, Salman M. ; Tan, Nicholas Y. Q. ; Taylor, Kent D. ; Teren, Andrej ; Tham, Yih-Chung ; Thiery, Joachim ; Thio, Chris H. L. ; Thomsen, Hauke ; Thorleifsson, Gudmar ; Toniolo, Daniela ; Tonjes, Anke ; Tremblay, Johanne ; Tzoulaki, Ioanna ; Uitterlinden, Andre G. ; Vaccargiu, Simona ; Van Dam, Rob M. ; Van der Harst, Pim ; Van Duijn, Cornelia M. ; Edward, Digna R. Velez ; Verweij, Niek ; Vogelezang, Suzanne ; Volker, Uwe ; Vollenweider, Peter ; Waeber, Gerard ; Waldenberger, Melanie ; Wallentin, Lars ; Wang, Ya Xing ; Wang, Chaolong ; Waterworth, Dawn M. ; Bin Wei, Wen ; White, Harvey ; Whitfield, John B. ; Wild, Sarah H. ; Wilson, James F. ; Wojczynski, Mary K. ; Wong, Charlene ; Wong, Tien-Yin ; Xu, Liang ; Yang, Qiong ; Yasuda, Masayuki ; Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. ; Zhang, Weihua ; Zonderman, Alan B. ; Rotter, Jerome I. ; Bochud, Murielle ; Psaty, Bruce M. ; Vitart, Veronique ; Wilson, James G. ; Dehghan, Abbas ; Parsa, Afshin ; Chasman, Daniel I. ; Ho, Kevin ; Morris, Andrew P. ; Devuyst, Olivier ; Akilesh, Shreeram ; Pendergrass, Sarah A. ; Sim, Xueling ; Boger, Carsten A. ; Okada, Yukinori ; Edwards, Todd L. ; Snieder, Harold ; Stefansson, Kari ; Hung, Adriana M. ; Heid, Iris M. ; Scholz, Markus ; Teumer, Alexander ; Kottgen, Anna ; Pattaro, Cristian
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia
(2019)
Middeldorp, Christel M. ; Mahajan, Anubha ; Horikoshi, Momoko ; Robertson, Neil R. ; Beaumont, Robin N. ; Bradfield, Jonathan P. ; Bustamante, Mariona ; Cousminer, Diana L. ; Day, Felix R. ; De Silva, N. Maneka ; Guxens, Monica ; Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O. ; St Pourcain, Beate ; Warrington, Nicole M. ; Adair, Linda S. ; Ahlqvist, Emma ; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer Singh ; Almgren, Peter ; Ang, Wei ; Atalay, Mustafa ; Auvinen, Juha ; Bartels, Meike ; Beckmann, Jacques S. ; Bilbao, Jose Ramon ; Bond, Tom ; Borja, Judith B. ; Cavadino, Alana ; Charoen, Pimphen ; Chen, Zhanghua ; Coin, Lachlan ; Cooper, Cyrus ; Curtin, John A. ; Custovic, Adnan ; Das, Shikta ; Davies, Gareth E. ; Dedoussis, George V. ; Duijts, Liesbeth ; Eastwood, Peter R. ; Eliasen, Anders U. ; Elliott, Paul ; Eriksson, Johan G. ; Estivill, Xavier ; Fadista, Joao ; Fedko, Iryna O. ; Frayling, Timothy M. ; Gaillard, Romy ; Gauderman, W. James ; Geller, Frank ; Gilliland, Frank ; Gilsanz, Vincente ; Granell, Raquel ; Grarup, Niels ; Groop, Leif ; Hadley, Dexter ; Hakonarson, Hakon ; Hansen, Torben ; Hartman, Catharina A. ; Hattersley, Andrew T. ; Hayes, M. Geoffrey ; Hebebrand, Johannes ; Heinrich, Joachim ; Helgeland, Oyvind ; Henders, Anjali K. ; Henderson, John ; Henriksen, Tine B. ; Hirschhorn, Joel N. ; Hivert, Marie-France ; Hocher, Berthold ; Holloway, John W. ; Holt, Patrick ; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan ; Hypponen, Elina ; Iniguez, Carmen ; Johansson, Stefan ; Jugessur, Astanand ; Kahonen, Mika ; Kalkwarf, Heidi J. ; Kaprio, Jaakko ; Karhunen, Ville ; Kemp, John P. ; Kerkhof, Marjan ; Koppelman, Gerard H. ; Korner, Antje ; Kotecha, Sailesh ; Kreiner-Moller, Eskil ; Kulohoma, Benard ; Kumar, Ashish ; Kutalik, Zoltan ; Lahti, Jari ; Lappe, Joan M. ; Larsson, Henrik ; Lehtimaki, Terho ; Lewin, Alexandra M. ; Li, Jin ; Lichtenstein, Paul ; Lindgren, Cecilia M. ; Lindi, Virpi ; Linneberg, Allan ; Liu, Xueping ; Liu, Jun ; Lowe, William L. ; Lundstrom, Sebastian ; Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka ; Ma, Ronald C. W. ; Mace, Aurelien ; Magi, Reedik ; Magnus, Per ; Mamun, Abdullah A. ; Mannikko, Minna ; Martin, Nicholas G. ; Mbarek, Hamdi ; McCarthy, Nina S. ; Medland, Sarah E. ; Melbye, Mads ; Melen, Erik ; Mohlke, Karen L. ; Monnereau, Claire ; Morgen, Camilla S. ; Morris, Andrew P. ; Murray, Jeffrey C. ; Myhre, Ronny ; Najman, Jackob M. ; Nivard, Michel G. ; Nohr, Ellen A. ; Nolte, Ilja M. ; Ntalla, Ioanna ; Oberfield, Sharon E. ; Oken, Emily ; Oldehinkel, Albertine J. ; Pahkala, Katja ; Palviainen, Teemu ; Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope ; Pedersen, Oluf ; Pennell, Craig E. ; Pershagen, Goran ; Pitkanen, Niina ; Plomin, Robert ; Power, Christine ; Prasad, Rashmi B. ; Prokopenko, Inga ; Pulkkinen, Lea ; Raikkonen, Katri ; Raitakari, Olli T. ; Reynolds, Rebecca M. ; Richmond, Rebecca C. ; Rivadeneira, Fernando ; Rodriguez, Alina ; Rose, Richard J. ; Salem, Rany ; Santa-Marina, Loreto ; Saw, Seang-Mei ; Schnurr, Theresia M. ; Scott, James G. ; Selzam, Saskia ; Shepherd, John A. ; Simpson, Angela ; Skotte, Line ; Sleiman, Patrick M. A. ; Snieder, Harold ; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. ; Standl, Marie ; Steegers, Eric A. P. ; Strachan, David P. ; Straker, Leon ; Strandberg, Timo ; Taylor, Michelle ; Teo, Yik-Ying ; Thiering, Elisabeth ; Torrent, Maties ; Tyrrell, Jessica ; Uitterlinden, Andre G. ; van Beijsterveldt, Toos ; van der Most, Peter J. ; van Duijn, Cornelia M. ; Viikari, Jorma ; Vilor-Tejedor, Natalia ; Vogelezang, Suzanne ; Vonk, Judith M. ; Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. ; Vuoksimaa, Eero ; Wang, Carol A. ; Watkins, William J. ; Wichmann, H-Erich ; Willemsen, Gonneke ; Williams, Gail M. ; Wilson, James F. ; Wray, Naomi R. ; Xu, Shujing ; Xu, Cheng-Jian ; Yaghootkar, Hanieh ; Yi, Lu ; Zafarmand, Mohammad Hadi ; Zeggini, Eleftheria ; Zemel, Babette S. ; Hinney, Anke ; Lakka, Timo A. ; Whitehouse, Andrew J. O. ; Sunyer, Jordi ; Widen, Elisabeth E. ; Feenstra, Bjarke ; Sebert, Sylvain ; Jacobsson, Bo ; Njolstad, Pal R. ; Stoltenberg, Camilla ; Smith, George Davey ; Lawlor, Debbie A. ; Paternoster, Lavinia ; Timpson, Nicholas J. ; Ong, Ken K. ; Bisgaard, Hans ; Bonnelykke, Klaus ; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. ; Tiemeier, Henning ; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta ; Evans, David M. ; Perry, John R. B. ; Grant, Struan F. A. ; Boomsma, Dorret I. ; Freathy, Rachel M. ; McCarthy, Mark I. ; Felix, Janine F.
The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.
Ahnen, M. L. ; Ansoldi, S. ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Arcaro, C. ; Babie, A. ; Banerjee, B. ; Bangale, P. ; de Almeida, U. Barres ; Barrio, J. A. ; Gonzalez, J. Becerra ; Bednarek, W. ; Bernardini, E. ; Berti, A. ; Biasuzzi, B. ; Biland, A. ; Blanch, O. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Borracci, F. ; Carosi, R. ; Carosi, A. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Colin, P. ; Colombo, E. ; Contreras, J. L. ; Cortina, J. ; Covino, S. ; Cumani, P. ; Da Vela, P. ; Dazzi, F. ; De Angelis, A. ; De Lotto, B. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Di Pierro, F. ; Doert, M. ; Dominguez, A. ; Prester, D. Dominis ; Dorner, D. ; Doro, M. ; Einecke, S. ; Glawion, D. Eisenacher ; Elsaesser, D. ; Engelkemeier, M. ; Ramazani, V. Fallah ; Fernandez-Barra, A. ; Fidalgo, D. ; Fonseca, M. V. ; Font, L. ; Fruck, C. ; Galindo, D. ; Lopez, R. J. Garcia ; Garczarczyk, M. ; Gaug, M. ; Giammaria, P. ; Godinovie, N. ; Gora, D. ; Griffiths, S. ; Guberman, D. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, A. ; Hassan, T. ; Hayashida, M. ; Herrera, J. ; Hose, J. ; Hrupec, D. ; Hughes, G. ; Ishio, K. ; Konno, Y. ; Kubo, H. ; Kushida, J. ; Kuvezdie, D. ; Lelas, D. ; Lindfors, E. ; Lombardi, S. ; Longo, F. ; Lopez, M. ; Lopez-Oramas, A. ; Majumdar, P. ; Makariev, M. ; Maneva, G. ; Manganaro, M. ; Mannheim, K. ; Maraschi, L. ; Mariotti, M. ; Martinez, M. ; Mazin, D. ; Menzel, U. ; Minev, M. ; Mirzoyan, R. ; Moralejo, A. ; Moreno, V. ; Moretti, E. ; Munar-Adrover, P. ; Neustroev, V. ; Niedzwiecki, A. ; Rosillo, M. Nievas ; Nilsson, K. ; Nishijima, K. ; Noda, K. ; Nogues, L. ; Paiano, S. ; Palacio, J. ; Paneque, D. ; Paoletti, R. ; Paredes, J. M. ; Paredes-Fortuny, X. ; Pedaletti, G. ; Peresano, M. ; Perri, L. ; Persic, M. ; Moroni, P. G. Prada ; Prandini, E. ; Puljak, I. ; Garcia, J. R. ; Reichardt, I. ; Rhode, W. ; Riti, M. ; Rico, J. ; Saito, T. ; Satalecka, K. ; Schroeder, S. ; Schweizer, T. ; Shore, S. N. ; Sillanpaa, A. ; Sitarek, J. ; Sobczynskall, D. ; Stamerra, A. ; Strzys, M. ; Surie, T. ; Takalo, L. ; Tavecchio, F. ; Temnikov, P. ; Terzie, T. ; Tescaro, D. ; Teshima, M. ; Torres, D. F. ; Torres-Alla, N. ; Treves, A. ; Vanzo, G. ; Acosta, M. Vazquez ; Vovk, I. ; Ward, J. E. ; Will, M. ; Wu, M. H. ; Zarie, D. ; Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernlohr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Btichele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Dei, C. ; Devin, J. ; Dewilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Forster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Ftifiling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschal, D. ; Goya, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzyfiski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluiniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krtiger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitche, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; De Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ott, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pie, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Ptffilhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; De Los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schtissler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; So, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; Van der Walt, D. J. ; Van Eldik, C. ; Van Rensburg, C. ; Van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Vok, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Wornlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywuckan, N.
Context. The large jet kinetic power and non-thermal processes occurring in the microquasar SS 433 make this source a good candidate for a very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitter. Gamma-ray fluxes above the sensitivity limits of current Cherenkov telescopes have been predicted for both the central X-ray binary system and the interaction regions of SS 433 jets with the surrounding W50 nebula. Non-thermal emission at lower energies has been previously reported, indicating that efficient particle acceleration is taking place in the system. Aims. We explore the capability of SS 433 to emit VHE gamma rays during periods in which the expected flux attenuation due to periodic eclipses (P-orb similar to 13.1 days) and precession of the circumstellar disk (P-pre similar to 162 days) periodically covering the central binary system is expected to be at its minimum. The eastern and western SS 433/W50 interaction regions are also examined using the whole data set available. We aim to constrain some theoretical models previously developed for this system with our observations. Methods. We made use of dedicated observations from the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC) and High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of SS 433 taken from 2006 to 2011. These observation were combined for the first time and accounted for a total effective observation time of 16.5 h, which were scheduled considering the expected phases of minimum absorption of the putative VHE emission. Gamma-ray attenuation does not affect the jet/medium interaction regions. In this case, the analysis of a larger data set amounting to similar to 40-80 h, depending on the region, was employed. Results. No evidence of VHE gamma-ray emission either from the central binary system or from the eastern/western interaction regions was found. Upper limits were computed for the combined data set. Differential fluxes from the central system are found to be less than or similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) in an energy interval ranging from similar to few x 100 GeV to similar to few TeV. Integral flux limits down to similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) ph cm(-2) s(-1) and similar to 10(-13)-10(-14) ph cm(-2) s(-1) are obtained at 300 and 800 GeV, respectively. Our results are used to place constraints on the particle acceleration fraction at the inner jet regions and on the physics of the jet/medium interactions. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the fraction of the jet kinetic power that is transferred to relativistic protons must be relatively small in SS 433, q(p) <= 2.5 x 10(-5), to explain the lack of TeV and neutrino emission from the central system. At the SS 433/W50 interface, the presence of magnetic fields greater than or similar to 10 mu G is derived assuming a synchrotron origin for the observed X-ray emission. This also implies the presence of high-energy electrons with E-e up to 50 TeV, preventing an efficient production of gamma-ray fluxes in these interaction regions.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Carrigan, S. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; dewilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; Valerius, K. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
The nine-year H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS) has yielded the most uniform observation scan of the inner Milky Way in the TeV gamma-ray band to date. The sky maps and source catalogue of the HGPS allow for a systematic study of the population of TeV pulsar wind nebulae found throughout the last decade. To investigate the nature and evolution of pulsar wind nebulae, for the first time we also present several upper limits for regions around pulsars without a detected TeV wind nebula. Our data exhibit a correlation of TeV surface brightness with pulsar spindown power (E) over dot. This seems to be caused both by an increase of extension with decreasing (E) over dot, and hence with time, compatible with a power law R-PWN((E) over dot) similar to(E) over dot(0.65 +/- 0.20), and by a mild decrease of TeV gamma-ray luminosity with decreasing (E) over dot, compatible with L-1 (10 TeV) similar to (E) over dot(0.59 +/- 0.21). We also find that the off sets of pulsars with respect to the wind nebula centre with ages around 10 kyr are frequently larger than can be plausibly explained by pulsar proper motion and could be due to an asymmetric environment. In the present data, it seems that a large pulsar off set is correlated with a high apparent TeV efficiency L1- 10 TeV / (E) over dot. In addition to 14 HGPS sources considered firmly identified pulsar wind nebulae and 5 additional pulsar wind nebulae taken from literature, we find 10 HGPS sources that are likely TeV pulsar wind nebula candidates. Using a model that subsumes the present common understanding of the very high-energy radiative evolution of pulsar wind nebulae, we find that the trends and variations of the TeV observables and limits can be reproduced to a good level, drawing a consistent picture of present-day TeV data and theory.
Measurement of the EBL spectral energy distribution using the VHE gamma-ray spectra of HESS blazars
(2017)
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, Pierre ; Backes, Michael ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnard, Michelle ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Böttcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, John ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chen, Andrew ; Chevalier, J. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, Jan ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; de Wilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, Tim Lukas ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
Very high-energy gamma rays (VHE, E greater than or similar to 100 GeV) propagating over cosmological distances can interact with the low-energy photons of the extragalactic background light (EBL) and produce electron-positron pairs. The transparency of the Universe to VHE gamma rays is then directly related to the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the EBL. The observation of features in the VHE energy spectra of extragalactic sources allows the EBL to be measured, which otherwise is very difficult. An EBL model-independent measurement of the EBL SED with the H.E.S.S. array of Cherenkov telescopes is presented. It was obtained by extracting the EBL absorption signal from the reanalysis of high-quality spectra of blazars. From H.E.S.S. data alone the EBL signature is detected at a significance of 9.5 sigma, and the intensity of the EBL obtained in different spectral bands is presented together with the associated gamma-ray horizon.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Anguner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, Pierre ; Backes, Michael ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnard, Michelle ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Böttcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chen, Andrew ; Chevalier, J. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, Jan ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, Tim Lukas ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruer, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, Iurii ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
We search for high-energy gamma-ray emission from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 with the H.E.S.S. Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes. The observations presented here have been obtained starting only 5.3 hr after GW170817. The H.E.S.S. target selection identified regions of high probability to find a counterpart of the gravitational-wave event. The first of these regions contained the counterpart SSS17a that has been identified in the optical range several hours after our observations. We can therefore present the first data obtained by a ground-based pointing instrument on this object. A subsequent monitoring campaign with the H.E.S.S. telescopes extended over several days, covering timescales from 0.22 to 5.2 days and energy ranges between 270 GeV to 8.55 TeV. No significant gamma-ray emission has been found. The derived upper limits on the very-high-energy gamma-ray flux for the first time constrain non-thermal, high-energy emission following the merger of a confirmed binary neutron star system.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carrigan, S. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gast, H. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schandri, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
We present the results of the most comprehensive survey of the Galactic plane in very high-energy (VHE) gamma-rays, including a public release of Galactic sky maps, a catalog of VHE sources, and the discovery of 16 new sources of VHE gamma-rays. The High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) Galactic plane survey (HGPS) was a decade-long observation program carried out by the H.E.S.S. I array of Cherenkov telescopes in Namibia from 2004 to 2013. The observations amount to nearly 2700 h of quality-selected data, covering the Galactic plane at longitudes from l = 250 degrees to 65 degrees and latitudes vertical bar b vertical bar <= 3 degrees. In addition to the unprecedented spatial coverage, the HGPS also features a relatively high angular resolution (0.08 degrees approximate to 5 arcmin mean point spread function 68% containment radius), sensitivity (less than or similar to 1.5% Crab flux for point-like sources), and energy range (0.2-100 TeV). We constructed a catalog of VHE gamma-ray sources from the HGPS data set with a systematic procedure for both source detection and characterization of morphology and spectrum. We present this likelihood-based method in detail, including the introduction of a model component to account for unresolved, large-scale emission along the Galactic plane. In total, the resulting HGPS catalog contains 78 VHE sources, of which 14 are not reanalyzed here, for example, due to their complex morphology, namely shell-like sources and the Galactic center region. Where possible, we provide a firm identification of the VHE source or plausible associations with sources in other astronomical catalogs. We also studied the characteristics of the VHE sources with source parameter distributions. 16 new sources were previously unknown or unpublished, and we individually discuss their identifications or possible associations. We firmly identified 31 sources as pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), supernova remnants (SNRs), composite SNRs, or gamma-ray binaries. Among the 47 sources not yet identified, most of them (36) have possible associations with cataloged objects, notably PWNe and energetic pulsars that could power VHE PWNe.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venters, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
The diffuse very high-energy (VHE; > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission observed in the central 200 pc of the Milky Way by H.E.S.S. was found to follow dense matter distribution in the central molecular zone (CMZ) up to a longitudinal distance of about 130 pc to the Galactic centre (GC), where the flux rapidly decreases. This was initially interpreted as the result of a burst-like injection of energetic particles 104 yr ago, but a recent more sensitive H.E.S.S. analysis revealed that the cosmic-ray (CR) density profile drops with the distance to the centre, making data compatible with a steady cosmic PeVatron at the GC. In this paper, we extend this analysis to obtain, for the first time, a detailed characterisation of the correlation with matter and to search for additional features and individual gamma-ray sources in the inner 200 pc. Taking advantage of 250 h of H.E.S.S. data and improved analysis techniques, we perform a detailed morphology study of the diffuse VHE emission observed from the GC ridge and reconstruct its total spectrum. To test the various contributions to the total gamma-ray emission, we used an iterative 2D maximum-likelihood approach that allows us to build a phenomenological model of the emission by summing a number of different spatial components. We show that the emission correlated with dense matter covers the full CMZ and that its flux is about half the total diffuse emission flux. We also detect some emission at higher latitude that is likely produced by hadronic collisions of CRs in less dense regions of the GC interstellar medium. We detect an additional emission component centred on the GC and extending over about 15 pc that is consistent with the existence of a strong CR density gradient and confirms the presence of a CR accelerator at the very centre of our Galaxy. We show that the spectrum of full ridge diffuse emission is compatible with that previously derived from the central regions, suggesting that a single population of particles fills the entire CMZ. Finally, we report the discovery of a VHE gamma-ray source near the GC radio arc and argue that it is produced by the pulsar wind nebula candidate G0.13-0.11.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Anguenee, E. O. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chadwick, P. M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goya, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, J. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poona, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; van der Walt, J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venters, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. Microquasars are potential gamma-ray emitters. Indications of transient episodes of gamma-ray emission were recently reported in at least two systems: Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3. The identification of additional gamma-ray-emitting microquasars is required to better understand how gamma-ray emission can be produced in these systems. Aims. Theoretical models have predicted very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from microquasars during periods of transient outburst. Observations reported herein were undertaken with the objective of observing a broadband flaring event in the gamma-ray and X-ray bands. Methods. Contemporaneous observations of three microquasars, GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, were obtained using the High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) telescope array and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite. X-ray analyses for each microquasar were performed and VHE gamma-ray upper limits from contemporaneous H.E.S.S. observations were derived. Results. No significant gamma-ray signal has been detected in any of the three systems. The integral gamma-ray photon flux at the observational epochs is constrained to be I(>560 GeV) < 7.3 x 10(-13) cm(-2) S-1, I(>560 GeV) < 1.2 x 10-(12) cm s(-1), and I(>240 GeV) < 4.5 x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1) for GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, respectively. Conclusions. The gamma-ray upper limits obtained using H.E.S.S. are examined in the context of previous Cherenkov telescope observations of microquasars. The effect of intrinsic absorption is modelled for each target and found to have negligible impact on the flux of escaping gamma-rays. When combined with the X-ray behaviour observed using RXTE, the derived results indicate that if detectable VHE gamma-ray emission from microquasars is commonplace, then it is likely to be highly transient.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
Shell-type supernova remnants (SNRs) are considered prime candidates for the acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) up to the knee of the CR spectrum at E approximate to 3 x 10(15) eV. Our MilkyWay galaxy hosts more than 350 SNRs discovered at radio wavelengths and at high energies, of which 220 fall into the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS) region. Of those, only 50 SNRs are coincident with a H.E.S.S source and in 8 cases the very high-energy (VHE) emission is firmly identified as an SNR. The H.E.S.S. GPS provides us with a legacy for SNR population study in VHE gamma-rays and we use this rich data set to extract VHE flux upper limits from all undetected SNRs. Overall, the derived flux upper limits are not in contradiction with the canonical CR paradigm. Assuming this paradigm holds true, we can constrain typical ambient density values around shell-type SNRs to n <= 7 cm(-3) and electron-to-proton energy fractions above 10 TeV to epsilon(ep) <= 5 x 10(-3). Furthermore, comparisons of VHE with radio luminosities in non-interacting SNRs reveal a behaviour that is in agreement with the theory of magnetic field amplification at shell-type SNRs.