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Observation of Spin Relaxation in a Vanadate Chloride with Quasi-One-Dimensional Linear Chain
(2019)
A new cobalt(II) vanadate chloride, Pb2Co(OH)(V2O7)Cl, has been synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. It contains quasi-one-dimensional (1D) linear chains built by edge-sharing of (CoO6)-O-II octahedra. The cobalt(II) oxide chains are further interconnected by (V2O7)(4-) dimers into a three-dimensional (3D) anionic framework with Pb2+ and Cl- ions residing in Co4V8 12-member ring tunnels. The intrachain Co center dot center dot center dot Co distance is 3.041 angstrom, while the interchain distances are 8.742 and 9.256 angstrom. Magnetic measurements suggest the ferromagnetic intrachain and the antiferromagnetic interchain interactions with a specific value of J(intra)/J(inter) = 1.7 x 10(3). Zero-field heat capacity demonstrates the magnetic long-range ordering at 5.5 K. Alternating current (AC) magnetic susceptibility under zero external direct current (DC) fields displays two slow magnetic relaxations at low temperatures, giving characteristic relaxations (tau(0)) of 1.2(3) x 10(-12) and 1.9(4) x 10(-10) s with effective energy barriers (Delta(r)) of 76.1(2) and 48.4(5) K. The energy barrier between the spin up and spin-down states can be ascribed to the ferromagnetic spin chain and the Ising-like magnetic anisotropy in Pb2Co(OH)(V2O7)Cl.
Biosensor based on an enzyme modified electrode for highly - sensitive measurement of polyphenols
(1995)
Despite many previous Studies on the association between hyperthyroidism and the hyperadrenergic state, controversies still exist. Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is a well recognized method in the nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), and it has physiological significance related to the autonomic nervous system. In particular, an increased short-term scaling exponent alpha 1 calculated from DFA is associated with both increased sympathetic activity and decreased vagal activity. No study has investigated the DFA of HRV in hyperthyroidism. This study was designed to assess the sympathovagal balance in hyperthyroidism. We performed the DFA along with the linear analysis of HRV in 36 hyperthyroid Graves' disease patients (32 females and 4 males; age 30 +/- 1 years, means +/- SE) and 36 normal controls matched by sex, age and body mass index. Compared with the normal controls, the hyperthyroid patients revealed a significant increase (P < 0.001) in alpha 1 (hyperthyroid 1.28 +/- 0.04 versus control 0.91 +/- 0.02), long-term scaling exponent alpha 2 (1.05 +/- 0.02 versus 0.90 +/- 0.01), overall scaling exponent alpha (1.11 +/- 0.02 versus 0.89 +/- 0.01), low frequency power in normalized units (LF%) and the ratio of low frequency power to high frequency power (LF/HF); and a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the standard deviation of the R-R intervals (SDNN) and high frequency power (HF). In conclusion, hyperthyroidism is characterized by concurrent sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal. This sympathovagal imbalance state in hyperthyroidism helps to explain the higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation and exercise intolerance among hyperthyroid patients.
A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
(2019)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.