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We consider entanglement-assisted remote quantum state manipulation of bipartite mixed states. Several aspects are addressed: we present a class of mixed states of rank two that can be transformed into another class of mixed states under entanglement-assisted local operations with classical communication, but for which such a transformation is impossible without assistance. Furthermore, we demonstrate enhancement of the efficiency of purification protocols with the help of entanglement-assisted operations. Finally, transformations from one mixed state to mixed target states which are sufficiently close to the source state are contrasted with similar transformations in the pure-state case.
We compute the shift of the critical temperature Tc with respect to the ideal case for a weakly interacting uniform Bose gas. We work in the framework of the canonical ensemble, extending the criterion of condensation provided by the canonical particle counting statistics for the zero-momentum state of the uniform ideal gas. The perturbative solution of the crossover equation to lowest order in power of the scattering length yields (Tc - Tc0)/Tc0=-0,93ap 1/3, where Tc0 is the transition temperature of the corresponding ideal Bose gas , a is the scattering length, and p is the particle number density. This is at vaiance with the standard grand canonical prediction of a null shift of the critical temperature in the lowest perturbative order. The non-equevalence of statistical ensemble for the ideal Bose gas is thus confirm (at the lowestperturbative level) also in the presence of interactions.
Region - Nation - Europa
(2000)
Diffuse reflectance measurements and photon migration studies with near infrared (NIR) diode lasers were employed to elucidate experimental methods for determining absorption and scattering coefficients and species concentrations in highly scattering solutions. Applicability of theoretical approaches were established by investigating model systems with absorbing (e.g. ink, malachite green) and scattering (e.g. milk powder, caolinit) species in aqueous solution. While diffuse reflectance measurements practically requires calibration procedures, photon migration studies allow quantitative determination of absorption and scattering coefficients of turbid solutions consistent with absorptions coefficients obtained from Lambert-Beer's law. Furthermore, NIR absorption spectra of water, chlorinated hydrocarbons (chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethene) and of various sugars ($alpha$-D-glucose, sucrose, maltose) are discussed. Spectral variations of NIR water absorption with temperature and solvents are exammined. Exemplary, NIR diode laser detection of water in acetone/water mixtures is performed.
Self-assembly, ordered nanostructures and functionality of polyelectrolyte-amphiphile complexes
(2000)
Die früheren Hochkulturen
(2000)
Trauer in Hegels Ästhetik
(2000)