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Wie sich eine Nation arm rechnet : einige statistische Bemerkungen zum Konzept der relativen Armut
(2004)
Dynamic causal links between the russian stock exchange and selected international stock markets
(2004)
The effect of worker representation on employment bebaviour in Germany: another case of -2.5%
(2004)
E-Government : von der Portalisierung zur umfassenden Neugestaltung öffentlicher Leistungserbringung
(2004)
Making diversity work
(2004)
Cafeteria-Systeme
(2004)
We report in this paper, the results of an investigation of the effect of national culture on the interpretation of "in context" verbal probability expressions. We develop hypotheses with regard to the effect that the interaction of the accounting value of conservatism and the context in which probability expressions are used will have on accountants' interpretations of those expressions. We elicit information from U.S. and German professional accountants to test three hypotheses. We find significant differences between U.S. and German accountants in the interpretation of several verbal probability expressions. In most cases, the German accountants are more conservative; for ...
Partizipation
(2004)
The situation of the German agricultural economy is currently somewhat problematic and requires transitions to sustainable development. The authors consider the network of different stakeholders in rural areas an important social resource for the transition to sustainable agriculture as the change in European and national agricultural policies requires active target groups at regional level. On the empirical basis of two case examples in East German rural areas, they studied the establishment of rural networks and their social development conditions. The study demonstrates how such regional networks must be organised and what socio-cultural contexts are shaping them. The institutionalisation of guiding principles for collaborative cooperation and the incorporation of regional networks in a framework of social environments are of significance for their formation and their ability to flexibly adapt to changing environmental conditions
In the past academic libraries in Germany have been successfully undertaking joint endeavors toward a social and political definition of the knowledge society by cooperatively developing ways to provide information and increasing the digital forms of metadata and media. In doing so, they have unintentionally created the basis for a competitive playing field in which the individual library must establish strategic positions for success if it is to maintain viability and ensure continuous flow of resources. This article develops a framework for discussing such alternative and potentially successful strategies from the point of view of a university library
Inhalt: Theoretische Grundlagen - Transmissionsprozess, Indikatoren, Ziele und Strategien der Geldpolitik 11 - Quantitätsgleichung und Quantitätstheorie 14 - Die Geldmenge als Element der geldpolitischen Strategien der Deutschen Bundesbank und der EZB - Der P-Stern-Ansatz - Ökonometrische Methodologie - Zusammenführung der ökonomischen Theorie des P-Stern-Ansatzes mit der ökonometrischen Methodik Statistische Datenbasis - Verwendete Variablen - Datenbeschreibung und Datentransformation Empirische Analyse und Modellierung - Langfristiger Zusammenhang zwischen Geldmengen und Preisen - Kurzfristiger Zusammenhang zwischen Geldmengen und Preisen Schlussfolgerungen und Schlusswort
Consumer attitudes towards genetically modified foods in Europe : structure and changeability
(2004)
Genetically modified foods have been at the center of debate in European consumer policy in the last two decades. Although the quasi-moratorium has been lifted in May 2004 and the road to the market is in principle reopened, strategies for product introduction are lacking. The aim of the research is to assess potential barriers in the area of consumer acceptance and suggest ways in which they can be overcome. After a short history of the genetically modified foods debate in Europe, the existing literature is reviewed. Although previous research converges in its central results, issues that are more fundamental have remained unresolved. Based on classical approaches in attitude research and modern theories of social cognition, a general model of the structure, function and dynamics of whole systems of attitudes is developed. The predictions of the model are empirically tested based on an attitude survey (N = 2000) and two attitude change experiments (N = 1400 and N = 750). All three studies were conducted in parallel in four EU member states. The results show that consumer attitudes towards genetically modified foods are embedded into a structured system of general socio-political attitudes. The system operates as a schema through which consumers form global evaluations of the technology. Specific risk and benefit judgments are mere epiphenomena of this process. Risk-benefit trade-offs, as often presupposed in the literature, do not appear to enter the process. The attitudes have a value-expressive function; their purpose is not just a temporary reduction of complexity. These properties render the system utterly resistant to communicative interventions. At the same time, it exerts stong anchoring effects on the processing of new information. Communication of benefit arguments can trigger boomerang effects and backfire on the credibility of the communicator when the arguments contrast with preexisting attitudes held by the consumer. Only direct sensory experience with high-quality products can partially bypass the system and lead to the formation of alternative attitude structures. Therefore, the recommended market introduction strategy for genetically modified foods is the simultaneous and coordinated launch of many high-quality products. Point of sale promotions should be the central instrument. Information campaigns, on the other hand, are not likely to have an effect on the product and technology acceptance of European consumers.
Contents: Targets, Means and Benefits of Social Protection Standard Risks and Possible Institutional Settings for Social Protection -Market Structure for Pension and Health Insurance -Systems of Social Protection and Security -Replacement Ratios and Income Taxation Social Protection in Selected European Countries: Germany, Austria, The Netherlands, United Kingdom -Pension System -Health System -Unemployment Insurance -Accident Insurance -Basic Security System -Taxation of Wages and Profits The Overall Burden of Taxes and Social Protection Expenses Necessary Reforms, Lessons for Russia and a Basic Approach for a Blueprint -Basic Features of the Reform Process -Reforms within the Branches of Social Protection -Integrated Tax and Transfer Reform -Empirical Evaluation of Tax and Transfer Reforms