Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (121) (remove)
Document Type
- Preprint (121) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (121)
Keywords
- mental number line (4)
- numerical cognition (4)
- Climate change (2)
- attention (2)
- spatial cognition (2)
- 2AFC (1)
- Adaptive evolution (1)
- Air showers (1)
- Alan Kennedy (1)
- Anti-doping (1)
- Artificial selection (1)
- Athlete (1)
- Attitude (1)
- Botanic gardens (1)
- Brownian motion (1)
- Carbon (1)
- Cherenkov Telescopes (1)
- Climate variability (1)
- Clonal plants (1)
- Cycling (1)
- Database (1)
- Decoupling (1)
- Delphi study (1)
- Dispersal (1)
- Drug (1)
- Ecosystem function (1)
- Editorial policies (1)
- Evidence-based policy making (1)
- Ex situ conservation (1)
- Eye movements (1)
- Eyemind assumption (1)
- Foot orthoses (1)
- Functional diversity (1)
- Functional traits (1)
- Genetic drift (1)
- Gibbs measure (1)
- In-shoe measurement (1)
- Knowledge creep (1)
- Knowledge utilization (1)
- Land use (1)
- Landscape (1)
- Management (1)
- Modality (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Organizational epistemology (1)
- Orthoptera (1)
- Plant growth (1)
- Plantar Pressure Distribution (1)
- Prohibited performance enhancement (1)
- Punctuated equilibrium theory (1)
- ROC curve (1)
- Reading (1)
- SNARC (1)
- SNARC effect (1)
- Scene perception (1)
- Serial and parallel (1)
- Statistics (1)
- Stochastic Differential Equation (1)
- TOP-Guidelines (1)
- TeV gamma-ray astronomy (1)
- aggression (1)
- ancient DNA (1)
- anniversary issue (1)
- applied classical electromagnetism (1)
- automatic processing (1)
- children (1)
- climatic limitation (1)
- compound detection or discrimination (1)
- cross-cultural (1)
- dating (1)
- decomposition (1)
- definition (1)
- derivational affixes (1)
- design options (1)
- developmental dyscalculia (1)
- ecophysiology (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- embodied numerical cognition (1)
- environmental policy (1)
- experiment (1)
- experiments (1)
- fluctuation phenomena (1)
- gender (1)
- geographical and altitudinal distribution (1)
- germination (1)
- gestures (1)
- hard core potential (1)
- human evolutionary genetics (1)
- innate number sense (1)
- invasive (1)
- learning disability (1)
- literature review (1)
- local time (1)
- long-term policy (1)
- m-commerce (1)
- marriage (1)
- mathematical cognition (1)
- mating (1)
- mechanical effects of light (1)
- media violence (1)
- mediation (1)
- mobile commerce research (1)
- morphological processing (1)
- mycorrhiza (1)
- nitrogen fixation (1)
- noise (1)
- non-native speakers (1)
- non-probability samples (1)
- number line (1)
- numeracy training (1)
- observational data (1)
- occupational gender segregation (1)
- operational momentum (1)
- palaeogenomics (1)
- parasites and diseases (1)
- partnership (1)
- probability summation (1)
- psychometric functions (1)
- random number generation (1)
- random processes (1)
- redundancy gain (1)
- reproductive biology (1)
- response selection (1)
- reversible measure (1)
- socialization effects (1)
- soils (1)
- spatial numerical associations (1)
- spatial-nunmerical association (1)
- stereotypes (1)
- symbolic calculation (1)
- visual perception (1)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (20)
- Department Psychologie (18)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (17)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (9)
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (8)
- Institut für Chemie (8)
- Sozialwissenschaften (5)
- Department Linguistik (4)
- Historisches Institut (4)
- Institut für Informatik und Computational Science (4)
It is shown that the ff effect of mean-field magnetohydrodynamics, which consists in the generation of a mean electromotive force along the mean magnetic field by turbulently fluctuating parts of velocity and magnetic field, is equivalent to the simultaneous generation of both turbulent and mean-field magnetic helicities, the generation rates being equal in magnitude and opposite in sign. In the particular case of statistically stationary and homogeneous fluctuations this implies that the ff effect can increase the energy in the mean magnetic field only under the condition that also magnetic helicity is accumulated there.
We consider an infinite system of hard balls in Rd undergoing Brownian motions and submitted to a smooth pair potential. It is modelized by an infinite- dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation with an infinite-dimensional local time term. Existence and uniqueness of a strong solution is proven for such an equation with fixed deterministic initial condition. We also show that Gibbs measures are reversible measures.
Preface
(2011)
Untitled
(2011)
Parafoveal preview benefit (PB) is an implicit measure of lexical activation in reading. PB has been demonstrated for orthographic and phonological but not for semantically related information in English. In contrast, semantic PB is obtained in German and Chinese. We propose that these language differences reveal differential resource demands and timing of phonological and semantic decoding in different orthographic systems.
History of political thought
(2012)
Background: Several equipment interventions like optimizing seat position or optimizing shoe/insole/pedal interface are suggested to reduce overuse injury in cycling. Data analyzing clinical or biomechanical effects of those interventions is sparse. Foot orthoses out of carbon fiber are one possibility to alter the interface between foot and pedal. The aim of this study was therefore to analyze plantar pressure distribution in carbon fiber foot orthoses in comparison to standard insoles of commercially available cycling shoes. Materials and Methods: 11 pain-free triathletes (Age: 29 +/- 9, 1.77 +/- 0.04 m, 68 5 kg) were tested on a cycle ergometer at 60 and 90 rotations per minute (rpm) at workloads of 200 and 300 Watts. Subjects wore in randomized order a cycling shoe with its standard insole (control condition CO) or the shoe with carbon fiber foot orthoses (Condition CA). Mean peak pressure out of 30 movement cycles were extracted for the total foot and specific foot regions (rear, mid, fore foot (medial, central, lateral) and toe region). Three-factor ANOVAs (factor foot orthoses, rpm, workload) for repeated measures (alpha = 0.05) were used to analyze the main question of a foot orthoses effect on peak in-shoe plantar pressure. Results: Peak pressures in the total foot were in a range of 70-75 kPa for 200 Watts (W) (300 W: 85-110 kPa). The carbon fiber foot orthoses reduced peak pressures by -4,1% compared to the standard insole (p = 0,10). In the foot regions rear(-16,6%, p<0.001), mid (-20,0%, p<0.001) and fore foot (-5.9%, p < 0.03)CA reduced peak pressure compared to CO. In the toe region, peak pressure was higher in CA (+16,2%) compared to CO (p<0,001). The lateral fore foot showed higher peak pressures in CA (+34%) and CO (+59%) compared to medial and central fore foot. Conclusion: Carbon fiber can serve as a suitable material for foot orthoses manufacturing in cycling. Plantar pressures do not increase due to the stiffness of the carbon. Individual customization may have the potential to reduce peak pressure in certain foot areas.
Long-term policy issues are a particularly vexing class of environmental policy issues which merit increasing attention due to the long-time horizons involved, the incongruity with political cycles, and the challenges for collective action. Following the definition of long-term environmental policy challenges, I pose three questions as challenges for future research, namely 1. Are present democracies well suited to cope with long-term policy challenges? 2. Are top-down or bottom-up solutions to long-term environmental policy challenges advisable? 3. Will mitigation and adaptation of environmental challenges suffice? In concluding, the contribution raises the issue of credible commitment for long-term policy issues and potential design options.
Management and engineering of process-aware information systems:
Introduction to the special issue
(2012)
The queerness of things not queer - entgrenzungen - Affekte und Materialitäten - Interventionen
(2012)
The transition from cell proliferation to cell expansion is critical for determining leaf size. Andriankaja et al. (2012) demonstrate that in leaves of dicotyledonous plants, a basal proliferation zone is maintained for several days before abruptly disappearing, and that chloroplast differentiation is required to trigger the onset of cell expansion.
Heterocystous cyanobacteria of the genus Nodularia form extensive blooms in the Baltic Sea and contribute substantially to the total annual primary production. Moreover, they dispense a large fraction of new nitrogen to the ecosystem when inorganic nitrogen concentration in summer is low. Thus, it is of ecological importance to know how Nodularia will react to future environmental changes, in particular to increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and what consequences there might arise for cycling of organic matter in the Baltic Sea. Here, we determined carbon (C) and dinitrogen (N-2) fixation rates, growth, elemental stoichiometry of particulate organic matter and nitrogen turnover in batch cultures of the heterocystous cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena under low (median 315 mu atm), mid (median 353 mu atm), and high (median 548 mu atm) CO2 concentrations. Our results demonstrate an overall stimulating effect of rising pCO(2) on C and N-2 fixation, as well as on cell growth. An increase in pCO(2) during incubation days 0 to 9 resulted in an elevation in growth rate by 84 +/- 38% (low vs. high pCO(2)) and 40 +/- 25% (mid vs. high pCO(2)), as well as in N-2 fixation by 93 +/- 35% and 38 +/- 1%, respectively. C uptake rates showed high standard deviations within treatments and in between sampling days. Nevertheless, C fixation in the high pCO(2) treatment was elevated compared to the other two treatments by 97% (high vs. low) and 44% (high vs. mid) at day 0 and day 3, but this effect diminished afterwards. Additionally, elevation in carbon to nitrogen and nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of the particulate biomass formed (POC : POP and PON : POP) was observed at high pCO(2). Our findings suggest that rising pCO(2) stimulates the growth of heterocystous diazotrophic cyanobacteria, in a similar way as reported for the non-heterocystous diazotroph Trichodesmium. Implications for biogeochemical cycling and food web dynamics, as well as ecological and socio-economical aspects in the Baltic Sea are discussed.
This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Robinia pseudoacacia L. that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, and history and conservation.Robinia pseudoacacia, false acacia or black locust, is a deciduous, broad-leaved tree native to North America. The medium-sized, fast-growing tree is armed with spines, and extensively suckering. It has become naturalized in grassland, semi-natural woodlands and urban habitats. The tree is common in the south of the British Isles and in many other regions of Europe.Robinia pseudoacacia is a light-demanding pioneer species, which occurs primarily in disturbed sites on fertile to poor soils. The tree does not tolerate wet or compacted soils. In contrast to its native range, where it rapidly colonizes forest gaps and is replaced after 15-30years by more competitive tree species, populations in the secondary range can persist for a longer time, probably due to release from natural enemies.Robinia pseudoacacia reproduces sexually, and asexually by underground runners. Disturbance favours clonal growth and leads to an increase in the number of ramets. Mechanical stem damage and fires also lead to increased clonal recruitment. The tree benefits from di-nitrogen fixation associated with symbiotic rhizobia in root nodules. Estimated symbiotic nitrogen fixation rates range widely from 23 to 300kgha(-1)year(-1). The nitrogen becomes available to other plants mainly by the rapid decay of nitrogen-rich leaves.Robinia pseudoacacia is host to a wide range of fungi both in the native and introduced ranges. Megaherbivores are of minor significance in Europe but browsing by ungulates occurs in the native range. Among insects, the North American black locust gall midge (Obolodiplosis robiniae) is specific to Robinia and is spreading rapidly throughout Europe. In parts of Europe, Robinia pseudoacacia is considered an invasive non-indigenous plant and the tree is controlled. Negative impacts include shading and changes of soil conditions as a result of nitrogen fixation.
The main goal of our target article was to provide concrete recommendations for improving the replicability of research findings. Most of the comments focus on this point. In addition, a few comments were concerned with the distinction between replicability and generalizability and the role of theory in replication. We address all comments within the conceptual structure of the target article and hope to convince readers that replication in psychological science amounts to much more than hitting the lottery twice.
Serial and parallel processes in eye movement control - current controversies and future directions
(2013)
In this editorial for the Special Issue on Serial and Parallel Processing in Reading we explore the background to the current debate concerning whether the word recognition processes in reading are strictly serialsequential or take place in an overlapping parallel fashion. We consider the history of the controversy and some of the underlying assumptions, together with an analysis of the types of evidence and arguments that have been adduced to both sides of the debate, concluding that both accounts necessarily presuppose some weakening of, or elasticity in, the eyemind assumption. We then consider future directions, both for reading research and for scene viewing, and wrap up the editorial with a brief overview of the following articles and their conclusions.
Preclinical work indicates that calcitriol restores vascular function by normalizing the endothelial expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and thromboxane-prostanoid receptors in conditions of estrogen deficiency and thus prevents the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor activation-induced inhibition of nitric oxide synthase. Since endothelial dysfunction is a key factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, this finding may have an important translational impact. It provides a clear rationale to use endothelial function in clinical trials aiming to find the optimal dose of vitamin D for the prevention of cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women.
Simplicity is a mindset, a way of looking at solutions, an extremely wide-ranging philosophical stance on the world, and thus a deeply rooted cultural paradigm. The culture of "less" can be profoundly disruptive, cutting out existing "standard" elements from products and business models, thereby revolutionizing entire markets.
Special issue on graph transformation and visual modeling techniques - guest editors' introduction
(2013)
Language processing changes with the knowledge and use of two languages. The advantage of being bilingual comes at the expense of increased processing demands and processing costs. I suggest considering bilingual complexity including these demands and costs. The proposed model claims effortless monolingual processing. By integrating individual and situational variability, the model would lose its idealistic touch, even for monolinguals.