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Dass Technologien wie Machine Learning-Anwendungen oder Big bzw. Smart Data- Verfahren unbedingt Daten in ausreichender Menge und Güte benötigen, erscheint inzwischen als Binsenweisheit. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat insbesondere der EU-Gesetzgeber für sich zuletzt ein neues Betätigungsfeld entdeckt, indem er versucht, auf unterschiedlichen Wegen Anreize zum Datenteilen zu schaffen, um Innovation zu kreieren. Hierzu zählt auch eine geradezu wohltönend mit ,,Datenaltruismus‘‘ verschlagwortete Konstellation. Der Beitrag stellt die diesbezüglichen Regulierungserwägungen auf supranationaler Ebene dar und nimmt eine erste Analyse vor.
Deep observation of the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) on the most extended pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825-137 reveals an enhanced energy-dependent morphology, providing useful information on the particle transport mechanism in the nebula. We find that the energy-dependent morphology is consistent with a diffusion-dominated transport of electrons/positrons. It provides an alternative possible interpretation for the unusually large spatial extent (i.e. greater than or similar to 100 pc) of the nebula, which could then be attributed to the diffusion of escaping electrons/positrons from a compact plerion. The influence of various model parameters on the energy-dependent extent of the nebula is studied in the diffusion-dominated scenario. We also show that the energy-dependent morphology of the nebula may also be used to study the spin-down history of the pulsar.
X-ray observations of star-planet systems are important to grow our understanding of exoplanets; these observations allow for studies of photoevaporation of the exoplanetary atmosphere, and in some cases even estimations of the size of the outer planetary atmosphere. The German-Russian eROSITA instrument onboard the SRG (Spectrum Roentgen Gamma) mission is performing the first all-sky X-ray survey since the 1990s, and provides X-ray fluxes and spectra of exoplanet host stars over a much larger volume than was accessible before. Using new eROSITA data as well as archival data from XMM-Newton, Chandra, and ROSAT, we estimate mass-loss rates of exoplanets under an energy-limited escape scenario and identify several exoplanets with strong X-ray irradiation and expected mass loss that are amenable to follow-up observations at other wavelengths. We model sample spectra using a toy model of an exoplanetary atmosphere to predict what exoplanet transit observations with future X-ray missions such as Athena will look like and estimate the observable X-ray transmission spectrum for a typical hot Jupiter-type exoplanet.