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Institute
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (24) (remove)
Einleitung
Mehr als ein Drittel der PatientInnen im berufsfähigen Alter in der kardiologischen Anschlussrehabilitation (AR) sind von besonderen beruflichen Problemlagen (BBPL) betroffen. Die BBPL sind durch eine negative subjektive Erwerbsprognose (SE) determiniert, die wiederum auf eine deutlich reduzierte Wahrscheinlichkeit der beruflichen Wiedereingliederung hindeutet. Diese Studie hatte die Exploration von persönlich bestimmenden Faktoren der SE zum Ziel, um Impulse für die patientInnenzentrierte Betreuung in der AR ableiten zu können.
Methoden
Die monozentrische explorative qualitative Studie basierte auf leitfadengestützten Einzelinterviews mit PatientInnen der kardiologischen AR. Hierfür wurden 20 PatientInnen mit BBPL (Hauptstichprobe) und 5 ohne BBPL (Kontraststichprobe) in QIV/2021 eingeschlossen. Die Stichprobenauswahl erfolgte nach dem Prinzip des theoretischen Samplings mit sich überschneidender Rekrutierungs- und Auswertungsphase. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels thematischer Analyse, wobei die Interviews sinngemäß auf Aussagen (Codes) reduziert und anschließend in Schlüsselthemen zusammengefasst wurden.
Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden sieben Schlüsselthemen generiert. Die ersten beiden umfassen (1) umwelt- und (2) personenbezogene Aspekte (z. B. (1): Personalsituation, Auswirkungen der Pandemie; (2) Selbstwahrnehmung, Arbeitsplatzeinflüsse). Die weiteren Themen schließen (4) krankheitsbezogene Vorerfahrungen (z. B. Erfahrungen mit Gesundheitssystem, familiäre Prädisposition) und (5) Zukunftsvorstellungen (z. B. Prioritätenänderung, Rauchentwöhnung) ein. Darüber hinaus wurden drei spezifische Themen identifiziert: (5) die Gesundheitswahrnehmung einschließlich der empfundenen Belastbarkeit, (6) die Veränderbarkeit der Arbeitsbedingungen und (7) die Angst, wieder zu erkranken. Alle befragten RehabilitandInnen planten die Rückkehr in die Berufstätigkeit sowie umfassende Veränderungen des Gesundheitsverhaltens im Privatleben und am Arbeitsplatz.
Schlussfolgerung
Im Zusammenhang mit der BBPL wurden psychosoziale Aspekte deutlich häufiger thematisiert als medizinische. Auffallend war zudem, dass alle befragten RehabilitandInnen den beruflichen Wiedereinstieg planten, auch bei negativer SE. Diese wurde durch Faktoren bestimmt, die als Folge einer Neubewertung der persönlichen Prioritäten nach stattgehabten Akutereignis zu betrachten sind. Zur Unterstützung der Krankheitsverarbeitung sowie zur Förderung der Teilhabe einschließlich des Wiedereinstiegs in das Berufsleben scheint die interprofessionelle Erarbeitung eines individuell-differenzierten Handlungsplans mit Nachsorgeoptionen in der kardiologischen AR für die betroffenen PatientInnen sinnvoll.
The vocational reintegration of patients after an acute coronary syndrome is a crucial step towards complete convalescence from the social as well as the individual point of view. Return to work rates are determined by medical parameters such as left ventricular function, residual ischaemia and heart rhythm stability, as well as by occupational requirement profile such as blue or white collar work, night shifts and the ability to commute (which is, in part, determined by physical fitness). Psychosocial factors including depression, self-perceived health situation and pre-existing cognitive impairment determine the reintegration rate to a significant extent. Patients at risk of poor vocational outcomes should be identified in the early period of rehabilitation to avoid a reintegration failure and to prevent socio-professional exclusion with adverse psychological and financial consequences. A comprehensive healthcare pathway of acute coronary syndrome patients is initiated by cardiac rehabilitation, which includes specific algorithms and assessment tools for risk stratification and occupational restitution. As the first in its kind, this review addresses determinants and legal aspects of reintegration of patients experiencing an acute coronary syndrome, and offers practical advice on reintegration strategies particularly for vulnerable patients. It presents different approaches and scientific findings in the European countries and serves as a recommendation for action.
Knie- und Hüftgelenksarthrose zählen zu den zehn häufigsten Einzeldiagnosen in orthopädischen Praxen. Die Wirksamkeit einer stationären Rehabilitation für Patienten nach Knie- oder Hüft-Totalendoprothese (TEP) ist in mehreren Studien belegt. Dennoch stellt die mittel- und langfristige Nachhaltigkeit zum Erhalt des Therapieerfolges eine große Herausforderung dar. Das Ziel des Projekts ReMove-It ist es, einen Wirksamkeitsnachweis für eintelemedizinisch assistiertes Interventionstraining für Patienten nach einem operativen Eingriff an den unteren Extremitäten zu erbringen.
In dem Beitrag wird anhand von Erfahrungsberichten dargestellt, wie das interaktive Übungsprogramm für Knie- und Hüft-TEP-Patienten entwickelt und das telemedizinische Assistenzsystem MeineReha® in den Behandlungsalltag von drei Rehakliniken integriert wurde. Ebenso werden der Aufbau und Ablauf der klinischen Studie dargestellt und das System aus Sicht der beteiligten Ärzte, und Therapeuten bewertet.
Hintergrund In den letzten Jahrzehnten führte die leitliniengerechte Therapie des akuten Myokardinfarktes (MI) zu einer Mortalitätsreduktion in Deutschland, wobei zwischen einzelnen Bundesländern erhebliche Unterschiede beschrieben werden. Ziel war es daher, die aktuelle Versorgungssituation von Patienten mit MI in der Region Nordost-Deutschland (Berlin, Brandenburg [BRB] und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [MV]) zu untersuchen und Prädiktoren der 1-Jahresmortalität unter Berücksichtigung der regionalen Zuordnung zu identifizieren.
Methode Auf Basis pseudonymisierter Abrechnungsdaten einer gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung wurden für das Jahr 2012 anhand des ICD 10-Codes I21 und I22 von 1 387 084 Versicherten insgesamt 6733 Patienten mit stationärer Aufnahme bei MI gefiltert. Neben der Krankenhaus- und 1-Jahresmortalität wurden potenzielle Prognoseprädiktoren unter Berücksichtigung von Komorbiditäten, periinfarziellen Prozeduren und sekundärpräventiver Pharmakotherapie erfasst und im Ländervergleich analysiert.
Ergebnisse Sowohl die Krankenhaus- als auch die 1-Jahresmortalitätsrate der einzelnen Länder (Berlin 13,6 resp. 27,5 %, BRB 13,9 resp. 27,9 %, MV 14,4 resp. 29,0 %) war vergleichbar zur Gesamtrate (13,9 % resp. 28,0 %) und im Ländervergleich weitgehend identisch. Die multiple Analyse der Einflussfaktoren auf die 1-Jahresmortalität identifizierte vor allem die Koronarangiografie (OR 0,42, 95 % KI 0,35 – 0,51, p < 0,001) und die Umsetzung der pharmakologischen Leitlinienempfehlungen (OR 0,14, 95 % KI 0,12 – 0,17, p < 0,001) als wesentliche Maßnahmen zur Risikoreduktion. Bei beiden Einflussfaktoren lagen univariat keine statistischen Unterschiede zwischen den drei Bundesländern vor.
Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegenden Daten lassen auf eine vergleichbare stationäre und poststationäre Versorgung und 1-Jahresprognose von Patienten mit akutem MI in den Bundesländern Berlin, Brandenburg und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in der untersuchten Population schließen, wobei insbesondere der Durchführung einer Koronarangiografie und der adäquaten Umsetzung einer leitliniengerechten Pharmakotherapie prognostische Bedeutung zukommt.
Hintergrund
Patienten, die nach gescheitertem Weaning von der Intensivstation in die Frührehabilitation (FR) verlegt werden, weisen neben motorischen Einschränkungen oft auch Defizite in ihrer kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit auf. Welche patientenseitigen Faktoren das kognitive Outcome am Ende der FR beeinflussen, ist noch unzureichend untersucht.
Zielstellung
Ermittlung von Prädiktoren auf das kognitive Leistungsvermögen initial beatmeter FR-Patienten.
Methode
Zwischen 01/2014 und 12/2015 wurden 301 Patienten (68,3 ± 11,4 Jahre, 67 % männlich) einer neurologischen Phase-B-Weaningstation konsekutiv in eine prospektive Beobachtungsstudie eingeschlossen. Zur Ermittlung möglicher Einflussfaktoren auf das kognitive Outcome (operationalisiert mittels Neuromentalindex [NMI]) wurden soziodemografische Daten, kritische Erkrankung, Komorbiditäten, Parameter zu Weaning und Dekanülierung sowie diverse Scores zur Ermittlung funktionaler Parameter erhoben und mittels ANCOVA multivariat ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse
Insgesamt 248 Patienten (82 %) konnten erfolgreich geweant werden, 155 (52 %) dekanüliert, 75 Patienten (25 %) verstarben, davon 39 (13 %) unter Palliativtherapie. Für die überlebenden Patienten (n = 226) konnten im finalen geschlechts- und altersadjustierten statistischen Modell unabhängige Prädiktoren des NMI bei Entlassung aus der FR ermittelt werden: Wachheit und erfolgreiche Dekanülierung waren positiv mit dem NMI assoziiert, während als kritische Erkrankungen hypoxische Hirnschädigungen, Hirninfarkte und Schädel-Hirn-Traumata einen negativen Einfluss auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit hatten. Das berechnete Modell begründet 57 % der Varianz des NMI (R2 = 0,568) und weist damit eine hohe Erklärungsqualität auf.
Schlussfolgerung
Aufgrund des erhöhten Risikos für eine verminderte kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit zum Ende der FR sollten vor allem Patienten nach Hypoxie, Hirninfarkt und Schädel-Hirn-Trauma intensiv neuropsychologisch betreut werden. Da weiterhin eine erfolgreiche Dekanülierung mit verbesserten kognitiven Leistungen assoziiert ist, sollte – vor allem bei wachen Patienten – zudem ein zügiges Trachealkanülenmanagement im therapeutischen Fokus stehen.
Introduction: Adequate cognitive function in patients is a prerequisite for successful implementation of patient education and lifestyle coping in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Although the association between cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairments (CIs) is well known, the prevalence particularly of mild CI in CR and the characteristics of affected patients have been insufficiently investigated so far.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 496 patients (54.5 ± 6.2 years, 79.8% men) with coronary artery disease following an acute coronary event (ACE) were analyzed. Patients were enrolled within 14 days of discharge from the hospital in a 3-week inpatient CR program. Patients were tested for CI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) upon admission to and discharge from CR. Additionally, sociodemographic, clinical, and physiological variables were documented. The data were analyzed descriptively and in a multivariate stepwise backward elimination regression model with respect to CI.
Results: At admission to CR, the CI (MoCA score < 26) was determined in 182 patients (36.7%). Significant differences between CI and no CI groups were identified, and CI group was associated with high prevalence of smoking (65.9 vs 56.7%, P = 0.046), heavy (physically demanding) workloads (26.4 vs 17.8%, P < 0.001), sick leave longer than 1 month prior to CR (28.6 vs 18.5%, P = 0.026), reduced exercise capacity (102.5 vs 118.8 W, P = 0.006), and a shorter 6-min walking distance (401.7 vs 421.3 m, P = 0.021) compared to no CI group. The age- and education-adjusted model showed positive associations with CI only for sick leave more than 1 month prior to ACE (odds ratio [OR] 1.673, 95% confidence interval 1.07–2.79; P = 0.03) and heavy workloads (OR 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.42–3.36; P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The prevalence of CI in CR was considerably high, affecting more than one-third of cardiac patients. Besides age and education level, CI was associated with heavy workloads and a longer sick leave before ACE.
Background: So far, for center comparisons in inpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR), the objective outcome quality was neglected because of challenges in quantifying the overall success of CR. In this article, a multifactorial benchmark model measuring the individual rehabilitation success is presented.
Methods: In 21 rehabilitation centers, 5 123 patients were consecutively enrolled between 01/2010 and 12/2012 in the prospective multicenter registry EVA-Reha (R) Cardiology. Changes in 13 indicators in the areas cardiovascular risk factors, physical performance and subjective health during rehabilitation were evaluated according to levels of severity. Changes were only rated for patients who needed a medical intervention. Additionally, the changes had to be clinically relevant. Therefore Minimal Important Differences (MID) were predefined. Ratings were combined to a single score, the multiple outcome criterion (MEK).
Results: The MEK was determined for all patients (71.7 +/- 7.4 years, 76.9 % men) and consisted of an average of 5.6 indicators. After risk adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical baseline parameters, MEK was used for center ranking. In addition, individual results of indicators were compared with means of all study sites.
Conclusion: With the method presented here, the outcome quality can be quantified and outcome-based comparisons of providers can be made.
Hintergrund
Einem Großteil der Bevölkerung gelingt es trotz ausreichenden Wissens um die protektiven Effekte nicht, ausreichende körperliche Aktivität in den Alltag zu integrieren. Digitale Assistenzsysteme könnten hierbei unterstützend eingesetzt werden. Dies setzt jedoch das Interesse potentieller Nutzer voraus.
Methode
In einer Online-Befragung wurden im Juni/Juli 2015 Mitarbeiter und Studierende der Universität Potsdam zum individuellen Ausmaß der sportlichen Aktivität, dem Interesse an elektronischer Trainingsunterstützung und weiteren Parametern befragt.
Ergebnis 1217 Studierende und 485 Mitarbeiter (67,3 bzw. 67,5% Frauen, 26±4,9 bzw. 42,7±11,7 Jahre) nahmen an der Studie teil. Die empfohlene sportliche Aktivität (≥3 Tage bzw. 150 min/Woche) wurde von 70,1% der Mitarbeiter und 52,7% der Studierenden nicht erreicht. Innerhalb dieser Gruppen zeigten 53,2% (Studierende) bzw. 44,2% (Mitarbeiter), unabhängig von Alter, Geschlecht, BMI bzw. Bildungsniveau, Interesse an einer elektronischen Trainingsunterstützung.
Schlussfolgerung
Auch in jüngeren Bevölkerungsgruppen mit hohem Bildungsniveau ist die Mehrzahl der Personen unzureichend körperlich aktiv. Ein Interesse an Trainingsunterstützung besteht in etwa der Hälfte dieser sportlich inaktiven Gruppe. Dies legt den Schluss nahe, dass der personalisierte Einsatz mobiler Assistenzsysteme für die positive Beeinflussung des Lebensstils zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen könnte.
The aim of the study was to determine pre-interventional predictors for all-cause mortality in patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with a 12-month follow-up. From 10/2013 to 07/2015, 344 patients (80.9 +/- 5.0 years, 44.5% male) with an elective TAVI were consecutively enrolled prospectively in a multicentre cohort study. Prior to the intervention, sociodemographic parameters, echocardiographic data and comorbidities were documented. All patients performed a 6-min walk test, Short Form 12 and a Frailty Index (score consisting of activities of daily living, cognition, nutrition and mobility). Peri-interventional complications were documented. Vital status was assessed over telephone 12 months after TAVI. Predictors for all-cause mortality were identified using a multivariate regression model. At discharge, 333 patients were alive (in-hospital mortality 3.2%; n = 11). During a follow-up of 381.0 +/- 41.9 days, 46 patients (13.8%) died. The non-survivors were older (82.3 +/- 5.0 vs. 80.6 +/- 5.1 years; p = 0.035), had a higher number of comorbidities (2.6 +/- 1.3 vs. 2.1 +/- 1.3; p = 0.026) and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (51.0 +/- 13.6 vs. 54.6 +/- 10.6%; p = 0.048). Additionally, more suffered from diabetes mellitus (60.9 vs. 44.6%; p = 0.040). While the global Frailty Index had no predictive power, its individual components, particularly nutrition (OR 0.83 per 1 pt., CI 0.72-0.95; p = 0.006) and mobility (OR 5.12, CI 1.64-16.01; p = 0.005) had a prognostic impact. Likewise, diabetes mellitus (OR 2.18, CI 1.10-4.32; p = 0.026) and EuroSCORE (OR 1.21 per 5%, CI 1.07-1.36; p = 0.002) were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Besides EuroSCORE and diabetes mellitus, nutrition status and mobility of patients scheduled for TAVI offer prognostic information for 1-year all-cause mortality and should be advocated in the creation of contemporary TAVI risk scores.
Ziel der Studie Die vorliegende Untersuchung beinhaltete die explorative Erfassung potenzieller Indikatoren der Ergebnisqualität der kardiologischen Rehabilitation (CR) für Patienten unter 65 Jahren.
Methoden In einer 4-stufigen webbasierten Delphi-Befragung (04-07/2016) von in der CR tätigen Ärzten[2] , Psychologen und Sport-/Physiotherapeuten wurden Parameter der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit, der Sozialmedizin, der subjektiven Gesundheit und kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung als Qualitätsindikator bewertet.
Ergebnisse Von 44 vorgegebenen wie auch von den Teilnehmern vorgeschlagenen Parametern wurden 21 Parameter (48%), die Hälfte davon psychosoziale Faktoren, als potenzielle Qualitätsindikatoren ausgewählt, wobei lediglich für das Rauchverhalten, den Blutdruck, das LDL-Cholesterin und die max. Belastbarkeit im Belastungs-EKG ein Konsens (Zustimmung>75% der Befragten) erzielt wurde.
Schlussfolgerung Die Wahl der Qualitätsindikatoren durch die Experten erfolgte mehrheitlich mit nur geringer Einigkeit. Eine klinische und wissenschaftliche Evaluierung der gewählten Parameter ist daher zwingend erforderlich.
Impact of self-assessment of return to work on employable discharge from multi-component cardiac rehabilitation. Retrospective unicentric analysis of routine data from cardiac rehabilitation in patients below 65 years of age. Presentation in the "Cardiovascular rehabilitation revisited" high impact abstract session during ESC Congress 2018.
Background
Although associations between cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairment are well known, the impact of cognitive performance on the success of patient education as a core component of cardiac rehabilitation remains insufficiently investigated so far.
Design
Prospective observational study in two inpatient cardiac rehabilitation centres between September 2014 and August 2015 with a follow-up six months after cardiac rehabilitation.
Method
At admission to and discharge from cardiac rehabilitation, the cognitive performance of 401 patients (54.5 ± 6.3 years, 80% men) following an acute coronary syndrome and/or coronary artery bypass graft was tested using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Patients’ disease-related knowledge was determined using a quiz (22 items for medical knowledge and 12 items for healthy lifestyle and behaviour) at both times and at follow-up. The change in knowledge after cardiac rehabilitation was analysed in multivariable regression models. Potentially influencing parameters (e.g. level of education, medication, cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery bypass graft, comorbidities, exercise capacity) were considered.
Results
During cardiac rehabilitation, disease-related knowledge was significantly enhanced in both scales. At follow-up, the average level of medical knowledge was significantly reduced, while lifestyle knowledge remained at a stable level. The maintenance of knowledge after cardiac rehabilitation was predominantly predicted by prior knowledge, cognitive performance at discharge from cardiac rehabilitation and, in the case of medical knowledge, by coronary artery bypass graft.
Conclusion
Patient education in cardiac rehabilitation led to enhanced disease-related knowledge, but the maintenance of this essentially depended on patients’ cognitive performance, especially after coronary artery bypass graft. Therefore, patient education concepts in cardiac rehabilitation should be reconsidered and adjusted as needed.
Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) seeks to simultaneously improve several outcome parameters related to patient risk factors, exercise capacity and subjective health. A single score, the multiple outcome criterion (MOC), comprised of alterations in 13 outcome variables was used to measure the overall success of CR in an older population. As this success depends on the older patient's characteristics at the time of admission to CR, we attempted to determine the most important influences.
Methods The impact of baseline characteristics on the success of CR, measured by MOC, was analysed using a mixed model for 1,220 older patients (70.9 +/- A 7.0 years, 78.3 % men) who enrolled in 12 CR clinics. A multitude of potentially influential baseline patient characteristics was considered including sociodemographic variables, comorbidity, duration of hospital stay, exercise capacity, cardiovascular risk factors, emotional status, and laboratory and echocardiographic data.
Results Overall, CR was successful, as indicated by the mean value of the MOC (0.6 +/- A 0.45; min -1.0, max 2.0; positive values denoting improvement, negative ones deterioration). Examples of association with negative MOC values included smoking (MOC -0.15, p < 0.001), female gender (MOC -0.07, p = 0.049), and a longer hospital stay (MOC -0.03, p = 0.03). An example of association with positive MOC value was depression score (MOC 0.06, p = 0.003). Further associations included maximal exercise capacity, blood pressure, heart rate and the rehabilitation centre attended.
Conclusion Our results emphasize the necessity to take into consideration baseline characteristics when evaluating the success of CR and setting treatment targets for older patients.
Background
Despite numerous studies and meta-analyses the prognostic effect of cardiac rehabilitation is still under debate. This update of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Outcome Study (CROS II) provides a contemporary and practice focused approach including only cardiac rehabilitation interventions based on published standards and core components to evaluate cardiac rehabilitation delivery and effectiveness in improving patient prognosis.
Design
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
Randomised controlled trials and retrospective and prospective controlled cohort studies evaluating patients after acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery bypass grafting or mixed populations with coronary artery disease published until September 2018 were included.
Resulte
Based on CROS inclusion criteria out of 7096 abstracts six additional studies including 8671 patients were identified (two randomised controlled trials, two retrospective controlled cohort studies, two prospective controlled cohort studies). In total, 31 studies including 228,337 patients were available for this meta-analysis (three randomised controlled trials, nine prospective controlled cohort studies, 19 retrospective controlled cohort studies; 50,653 patients after acute coronary syndrome 14,583, after coronary artery bypass grafting 163,101, mixed coronary artery disease populations; follow-up periods ranging from 9 months to 14 years). Heterogeneity in design, cardiac rehabilitation delivery, biometrical assessment and potential confounders was considerable. Controlled cohort studies showed a significantly reduced total mortality (primary endpoint) after cardiac rehabilitation participation in patients after acute coronary syndrome (prospective controlled cohort studies: hazard ratio (HR) 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20-0.69; retrospective controlled cohort studies HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.53-0.76; prospective controlled cohort studies odds ratio 0.20, 95% CI 0.08-0.48), but the single randomised controlled trial fulfilling the CROS inclusion criteria showed neutral results. Cardiac rehabilitation participation was also associated with reduced total mortality in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (retrospective controlled cohort studies HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.54-0.70, one single randomised controlled trial without fatal events), and in mixed coronary artery disease populations (retrospective controlled cohort studies HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.36-0.77; two out of 10 controlled cohort studies with neutral results).
Conclusion
CROS II confirms the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation participation after acute coronary syndrome and after coronary artery bypass grafting in actual clinical practice by reducing total mortality under the conditions of current evidence-based coronary artery disease treatment. The data of CROS II, however, underscore the urgent need to define internationally accepted minimal standards for cardiac rehabilitation delivery as well as for scientific evaluation.
Background: Total hip or knee replacement is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures. Physical rehabilitation following total hip or knee replacement is an essential part of the therapy to improve functional outcomes and quality of life. After discharge from inpatient rehabilitation, a subsequent postoperative exercise therapy is needed to maintain functional mobility. Telerehabilitation may be a potential innovative treatment approach. We aim to investigate the superiority of an interactive telerehabilitation intervention for patients after total hip or knee replacement, in comparison to usual care, regarding physical performance, functional mobility, quality of life and pain. Methods/design: This is an open, randomized controlled, multicenter superiority study with two prospective arms. One hundred and ten eligible and consenting participants with total knee or hip replacement will be recruited at admission to subsequent inpatient rehabilitation. After comprehensive, 3-week, inpatient rehabilitation, the intervention group performs a 3-month, interactive, home-based exercise training with a telerehabilitation system. For this purpose, the physiotherapist creates an individual training plan out of 38 different strength and balance exercises which were implemented in the system. Data about the quality and frequency of training are transmitted to the physiotherapist for further adjustment. Communication between patient and physiotherapist is possible with the system. The control group receives voluntary, usual aftercare programs. Baseline assessments are investigated after discharge from rehabilitation; final assessments 3 months later. The primary outcome is the difference in improvement between intervention and control group in 6-minute walk distance after 3 months. Secondary outcomes include differences in the Timed Up and Go Test, the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test, the Stair Ascend Test, the Short-Form 36, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and postural control as well as gait and kinematic parameters of the lower limbs. Baseline-adjusted analysis of covariance models will be used to test for group differences in the primary and secondary endpoints. Discussion: We expect the intervention group to benefit from the interactive, home-based exercise training in many respects represented by the study endpoints. If successful, this approach could be used to enhance the access to aftercare programs, especially in structurally weak areas.
Background Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) is an established alternative therapy in patients with severe aortic stenosis and a high surgical risk. Despite a rapid growth in its use, very few data exist about the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in these patients. We assessed the hypothesis that patients after TAVI benefit from CR, compared to patients after surgical aortic-valve replacement (sAVR).
Methods From September 2009 to August 2011, 442 consecutive patients after TAVI (n=76) or sAVR (n=366) were referred to a 3-week CR. Data regarding patient characteristics as well as changes of functional (6-min walk test. 6-MWT), bicycle exercise test), and emotional status (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were retrospectively evaluated and compared between groups after propensity score adjustment.
Results Patients after TAVI were significantly older (p<0.001), more female (p<0.001), and had more often coronary artery disease (p=0.027), renal failure (p=0.012) and a pacemaker (p=0.032). During CR, distance in 6-MWT (both groups p0.001) and exercise capacity (sAVR p0.001, TAVI p0.05) significantly increased in both groups. Only patients after sAVR demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety and depression (p0.001). After propensity scores adjustment, changes were not significantly different between sAVR and TAVI, with the exception of 6-MWT (p=0.004).
Conclusions Patients after TAVI benefit from cardiac rehabilitation despite their older age and comorbidities. CR is a helpful tool to maintain independency for daily life activities and participation in socio-cultural life.
Objectives: To explore predictors of return to work in patients after acute coronary syndrome and coronary artery bypass grafting, taking into account cognitive performance, depression, physical capacity, and self-assessment of the occupational prognosis. Design: Observational, prospective, bicentric. Setting: Postacute 3-week inpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Participants: Patients (N=401) <65 years of age (mean 54.5 +/- 6.3y), 80% men. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Status of return to work (RTW) 6 months after discharge from CR. Results: The regression model for RTW showed negative associations for depression (odds ratio 0.52 per SD, 95% confidence interval 0.36-0.76, P=.001), age (odds ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.52-1.00, P=.047), and in particular for a negative subjective occupational prognosis (expected incapacity for work odds ratio 0.19, 95% confidence interval 0.06-0.59, P=.004; unemployment odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.72, P=.024; retirement odds ratio 0.07, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.067, P=.021). Positive predictors were employment before the cardiac event (odds ratio 9.66, 95% confidence interval 3.10-30.12, P<.001), capacity to work (fit vs unfit) at discharge from CR (odds ratio 3.15, 95% confidence interval 1.35-7.35, P=.008), and maximum exercise capacity (odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.06-2.11, P=.022). Cognitive performance had no effect.
Background: In the course of neurological early rehabilitation, decannulation is attempted in tracheotomized patients after weaning due to its considerable prognostic significance. We aimed to identify predictors of a successful tracheostomy decannulation. Methods: From 09/2014 to 03/2016, 831 tracheotomized and weaned patients (65.4 +/- 12.9 years, 68% male) were included consecutively in a prospective multicentric observation study. At admission, sociodemographic and clinical data (e.g. relevant neurological and internistic diseases, duration of mechanical ventilation, tracheotomy technique, and nutrition) as well as functional assessments (Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index, Bogenhausener Dysphagia Score) were collected. Complications and the success of the decannulation procedure were documented at discharge. Results: Four hundred seventy patients (57%) were decannulated. The probability of decannulation was significantly negatively associated with increasing age (OR 0.68 per SD = 12.9 years, p < 0.001), prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation (OR 0.57 per 33.2 days, p < 0.001) and complications. An oral diet (OR 3.80; p < 0.001) and a higher alertness at admission (OR 3.07 per 7.18 CRS-R points; p < 0.001) were positively associated. Conclusions: This study identified practically measurable predictors of decannulation, which in the future can be used for a decannulation prognosis and supply optimization at admission in the neurological early rehabilitation clinic.