Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (67)
- Postprint (47)
- Part of a Book (21)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (8)
- Conference Proceeding (7)
- Course Material (5)
- Journal/Publication series (4)
- Contribution to a Periodical (3)
- Other (2)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (166)
Keywords
- higher education (5)
- Austria (3)
- Germany (3)
- democracy (3)
- quality assurance (3)
- quality management (3)
- sustainability (3)
- Austrian Social Survey (2)
- Entrepreneurship Education (2)
- European Union (2)
- Latent Class Analysis (2)
- Mittelschicht (2)
- Path modelling (2)
- Pfadmodell (2)
- Position Generator (2)
- Prozessorientierte Didaktik (2)
- Social capital (2)
- Social origin (2)
- Soziale Herkunft (2)
- Sozialer Survey Österreich (2)
- Sozialkapital (2)
- administrative reform (2)
- agent (2)
- climate change (2)
- consumer education (2)
- coordination (2)
- customer acceptance (2)
- decentralization (2)
- digital technologies (2)
- evaluation (2)
- experiment (2)
- fashion industry (2)
- focus group (2)
- job search (2)
- local government (2)
- mixed methods (2)
- policy (2)
- political equality (2)
- principal (2)
- public policy (2)
- scale development (2)
- teaching (2)
- visions of democracy (2)
- Ökonomische Bildung (2)
- Australian bicameralism (1)
- Bauchentscheidungen (1)
- Bedürfnisse (1)
- Berufliche Orientierung (1)
- Berufsorientierung (1)
- Bett (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (1)
- China (1)
- Comparative Public Administration (1)
- Competence development (1)
- Conjoint Analyse (1)
- Conjoint analysis (1)
- Consciousness for sustainable consumption (1)
- Consumer Literacy (1)
- Consumer Social Responsibility (1)
- Convergent thinking (1)
- Creative process (1)
- Creativity (1)
- Data Privacy (1)
- Dekomposition (1)
- Deregulierung (1)
- Deutschland (1)
- Digital transformation (1)
- Digitale Transformation (1)
- Eingaben (1)
- Einvernehmlicher Geschlechtsverkehr (1)
- Emerging Topics in Digital Government (1)
- Enterprise Survey (1)
- Ernährungsbildung (1)
- Erwerbsarbeit (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Existenzgründung (1)
- Fachdidaktik (1)
- Fairtrade (1)
- Fehler machen (1)
- Financial Crisis (1)
- Finanzkrise (1)
- Forschendes Lernen (1)
- Fortbildung (1)
- Further education (1)
- Führung (1)
- Gerald Gaus (1)
- German Democratic Republic (GDR) (1)
- Geschichte 1986-2016 (1)
- Gouvernementalität (1)
- Human values (1)
- Industrie 4.0 (1)
- Industry 4.0 (1)
- Information and communication technologies (ICT) (1)
- Innovation in Organizations: Learning (1)
- Intentional Forgetting (1)
- Intrapreneurship (1)
- Klimawandel (1)
- Knappheit (1)
- Kommunale Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kompetenzentwicklung (1)
- Labor supply (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Lernwiderstände (1)
- MOOC (1)
- MeToo (1)
- Migration (1)
- Ministerialverwaltung (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Neoliberale Natur (1)
- Nordafrika (1)
- Online Dating (1)
- Online behavior (1)
- Opportunitätskosten (1)
- Organisation (1)
- Paris Agreement (1)
- Participation (1)
- Personal service (1)
- Personalauswahl (1)
- Personalisierung (1)
- Personalization (1)
- Personalmanagement (1)
- Personennahe Dienstleistungen (1)
- Planspiel (1)
- Pockets of creativity (1)
- Political Theory (1)
- Politische Theorie (1)
- Politische Ökologie (1)
- Potsdam Grievance Statistics File (PGSF) (1)
- Praxissemester (1)
- Professionalisierung (1)
- Projektmethode (1)
- Public Management (1)
- Public administration (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Reformbereitschaft (1)
- Refugees (1)
- Requirements (1)
- Respekt (1)
- Scale development (1)
- Schülerfirma (1)
- Science and Technology Studies (1)
- Self-esteem (1)
- Sexualität (1)
- Sexuelle Handlungen (1)
- Simulationsmethoden (1)
- Solidarity (1)
- Solidarität (1)
- Soziale Ungleichheit (1)
- Sozialstruktur (1)
- Stadt (1)
- Statusverunsicherung (1)
- Strukturgleichungsmodelle (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Switzerland (1)
- Talent Management (1)
- Tinder (1)
- Traineeprogramm (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Unlearning (1)
- Unternehmensgründungen (1)
- Unternehmertum (1)
- Unterrichtsmethodik (1)
- Verbraucherbildung (1)
- Verwaltungsreform (1)
- Verwaltungswissenschaft (1)
- Wald (1)
- Weiterbildung (1)
- Werterziehung (1)
- Wertordnung (1)
- Wertorientierung (1)
- Wertwandel (1)
- Wicked problems (1)
- World Bank (1)
- Zahlungsbereitschaft (1)
- Zeitverlauf (1)
- accountability (1)
- active labor market policies (1)
- administrative reforms (1)
- agency (1)
- aid effectiveness (1)
- anniversary issue (1)
- application (1)
- appropriatenes (1)
- attitudes (1)
- balancing (1)
- behavior (1)
- benefit systems (1)
- bicameralism (1)
- blockchain (1)
- business processes (1)
- candidates (1)
- carbon pricing (1)
- catalysts (1)
- change management (1)
- children (1)
- cities and regions (1)
- citizenship (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate policy analysis models (1)
- coalitions (1)
- coercion (1)
- collaborative consumption (1)
- collective team identification (1)
- colonialism (1)
- comparison (1)
- complex problems (1)
- conceptualization (1)
- consciousness for fair consumption (1)
- consensus (1)
- consumer behavior (1)
- consumer literacy (1)
- consumer social responsibility (1)
- continuing education (1)
- cooperative goal interdependence (1)
- correlated equilibrium (1)
- corruption (1)
- creativity (1)
- critical theory (1)
- de-concentration (1)
- decolonization (1)
- decomposition analysis (1)
- definition (1)
- democratic quality (1)
- design options (1)
- digital contact tracing (1)
- distributional effect (1)
- e-government (1)
- eacher training (1)
- economic model structures and mechanisms (1)
- economics (1)
- education for sustainable development (1)
- effectiveness (1)
- efficiency (1)
- enhancement (1)
- environmental agreements (1)
- environmental governance (1)
- environmental justice (1)
- environmental policy (1)
- ethical consumerism (1)
- ethischer Konsum (1)
- ethnicity (1)
- evidence-based policy making (1)
- executive-legislative relations (1)
- expert interview (1)
- faires Konsumbewusstsein (1)
- fairtrade (1)
- federalism (1)
- feminist standpoint theory (1)
- field theory (1)
- food security governance (1)
- forgetting (1)
- gaming (1)
- gender and sexuality (1)
- gender composition (1)
- gender inequality (1)
- general equilibrium framework (1)
- global (1)
- global comparison (1)
- governance (1)
- governance for sustainable development (1)
- government-formation (1)
- horizontal and vertical movements (1)
- household data (1)
- human capital (1)
- human values (1)
- hydropower (1)
- ideology cri-tique (1)
- impact assessment (1)
- improvement (1)
- indigenous people (1)
- indigenous rights (1)
- influence mapping (1)
- information and communication technology (1)
- informed consent (1)
- innovation policy (1)
- innovation strategies (1)
- institutional interplay (1)
- institutional processes (1)
- institutional reform, (1)
- institutional reforms (1)
- intention-behavior gap (1)
- inter-organizational order (1)
- inter-organizational relations (1)
- intergovernmental setting (1)
- international organizations (1)
- interpersonal networks (1)
- knowledge creep (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- knowledge utilization (1)
- labor force participation (1)
- labor market (1)
- labor market policies (1)
- labour market (1)
- land management (1)
- law (1)
- learning (1)
- local government performance (1)
- local governments (1)
- long-term policy (1)
- longitudinal study (1)
- low- and middle-income countries (1)
- low-wage employment (1)
- majority formation (1)
- majority rule (1)
- management analysis (1)
- measurement (1)
- migrant integration (1)
- migration (1)
- mindset (1)
- multi-actor routines (1)
- multilateral (1)
- multiple equilibria (1)
- multiplicity (1)
- municipal amalgamation effects (1)
- municipal mergers (1)
- narratives (1)
- natural climate solutions (1)
- neo-liberal governance (1)
- network dynamics (1)
- networking speed (1)
- non-ideal theory (1)
- nutrition education (1)
- online course (1)
- organizational behavior (1)
- organizational epistemology (1)
- organizational fields (1)
- organizational memory (1)
- parliamentary government (1)
- parties (1)
- patterns (1)
- perceived effectiveness of quality management (1)
- performance meas- urement (1)
- performance measurement (1)
- pledge fulfillment (1)
- policy analysis (1)
- policy design (1)
- political integration (1)
- power relations (1)
- prediction (1)
- presidential government (1)
- priming (1)
- prior knowledge (1)
- priority setting (1)
- privacy calculus (1)
- privacy risks (1)
- problem-solving (1)
- procedural fairness (1)
- production process (1)
- professional networks (1)
- professionalization (1)
- professions (1)
- project performance (1)
- protection (1)
- psychology (1)
- public management issues (1)
- public service delivery (1)
- public-reason liberalism (1)
- punctuated equilibrium theory (1)
- quality manager (1)
- recommendations (1)
- relationship conflict (1)
- research communication (1)
- research ethics (1)
- resistance (1)
- restoration (1)
- retentivity (1)
- scholar-practitioners (1)
- scientific use file (1)
- security (1)
- simulation game (1)
- situational strength (1)
- skills (1)
- smart specialization (1)
- social and environmental administration (1)
- social capital (1)
- social epistemology (1)
- social innovation (1)
- social media analytics (1)
- societal impact of research (1)
- socio-ecological justice (1)
- stakeholder analysis (1)
- standpoint epistemology (1)
- structural equation modeling (1)
- subject didactics (1)
- sufficiency (1)
- surveillance (1)
- survey data (1)
- sustainable economy (1)
- task conflict (1)
- teaching and learning (1)
- teaching methodology (1)
- team member alignment (1)
- territorial reform (1)
- territorial rights (1)
- tie formation (1)
- training (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transnational governance (1)
- transnational institutional interplay (1)
- transnational networks (1)
- turkish (1)
- un-cancelling the future (1)
- unemployment (1)
- urban politics (1)
- vements labour market occupational transitions (1)
- veto players (1)
- visualization (1)
- volunteer’s dilemma (1)
- water struggles (1)
- welfare egalitarianism (1)
- willingness-to-pay (1)
- win-win strategies (1)
- world-makers (1)
- youth unemployment (1)
- Öffentlicher Dienst (1)
- Ökonomische Bildung,Berufliche Orientierung, Inklusion,Förderbedarfeconomic education, occupational orientation, inclusion, disability (1)
- Ökonomisches Prinzip (1)
- Österreich (1)
- öffentliche Verwaltung (1)
Institute
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (166) (remove)
Strength of weakness
(2020)
The paper investigates quality management in teaching and learning in higher education institutions from a principal-agent perspective. Based on data gained from semi-structured interviews and from a nation-wide survey with quality managers of German higher education institutions, the study shows how quality managers position themselves in relation to their perception of the interests of other actors in higher education institutions. The paper describes the various interests and discusses the main implications of this constellation of actors. It argues that quality managers, although they may be considered as rather weak actors within the higher education institution, may be characterised as having a strength of weakness due to diverging interests of their principals.
Power relations within the area of blockchain governance are complex by definition and a comprehensive analysis that links technological and institutional elements is missing to date. The research that is presented with this article focuses on the visualization of the shifting power relations with the introduction of blockchain. For this purpose, the analysis leverages an adjusted version of the multi-stakeholder influence mapping tool. The analysis considers the various stakeholders within the multi-layered blockchain technology stack and compares three fundamental blockchain scenarios, including public and private blockchain settings. The findings show that public administrations face indeed less power with the introduction of blockchain, while new stakeholders come into play who wield influence rather uncontrolled. Nonetheless, public administrations are not powerless overall and remain influential stakeholders. This paper concludes that blockchain governance is not as democratic as blockchain enthusiasts tend to argue and derives corresponding opportunities for further research.
Over the past decades, the growing proliferation of international institutions governing the global environment has impelled institutional interplay as a result of functional and normative overlap across multiple regimes.
This article synthesizes primary contributions made in research on institutional interplay over the past twenty years, with particular focus on publications with International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics. Broadening our understanding about the different types, dimensions, pathways, and effects of institutional interplay, scholars have produced key insights into the ways and means by which international institutions cooperate, manage discord, engage in problem solving, and capture synergies across levels and scales.
As global environmental governance has become increasingly fragmented and complex, we recognize that recent studies have highlighted the growing interactions between transnationally operating institutions in the wake of polycentric governance and hybrid institutional complexes.
However, our findings reveal that there is insufficient empirical and conceptual research to fully understand the relationship, causes, and consequences of interplay between intergovernmental and transnational institutions. Reflecting on the challenges of addressing regulatory gaps and mitigating the crisis of multilateralism, we expound the present research frontier for further advancing research on institutional interplay and provide recommendations to support policy-making.
Value research has a long and extensive history of theoretical definitions and empirical investigations using large scale quantitative surveys. However, the way the general population understands, defines, and relates to the concept of values, and how these views vary across individuals is seldom addressed. The present study examined subjective interpretations of the term through focus group interviews, and reports on the development of a Value Conceptualisation Scale (VCS) that distinguishes six dimensions of different views on values: normativity, relevance, validity, stability, consistency, and awareness. Focus group interviews (n = 38) as well as several surveys (n = 100, n = 1519, n = 903, n = 94) were used to develop, refine, and test the scale in terms of response variety, temporal stability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. These systematic results show that views on values do indeed vary significantly between participants. Correlations with dogmatism, preference for consistency, and metacognition were found for corresponding dimensions. The VCS provides an original measure, which enables future research to explore this variation on the conceptualisation of values.
Better land stewardship is needed to achieve the Paris Agreement's temperature goal, particularly in the tropics, where greenhouse gas emissions from the destruction of ecosystems are largest, and where the potential for additional land carbon storage is greatest. As countries enhance their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, confusion persists about the potential contribution of better land stewardship to meeting the Agreement's goal to hold global warming below 2 degrees C. We assess cost-effective tropical country-level potential of natural climate solutions (NCS)-protection, improved management and restoration of ecosystems-to deliver climate mitigation linked with sustainable development goals (SDGs). We identify groups of countries with distinctive NCS portfolios, and we explore factors (governance, financial capacity) influencing the feasibility of unlocking national NCS potential. Cost-effective tropical NCS offers globally significant climate mitigation in the coming decades (6.56 Pg CO(2)e yr(-1) at less than 100 US$ per Mg CO(2)e). In half of the tropical countries, cost-effective NCS could mitigate over half of national emissions. In more than a quarter of tropical countries, cost-effective NCS potential is greater than national emissions. We identify countries where, with international financing and political will, NCS can cost-effectively deliver the majority of enhanced NDCs while transforming national economies and contributing to SDGs. This article is part of the theme issue 'Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions'.
One for all, all for one
(2022)
We propose a conceptual model of acceptance of contact tracing apps based on the privacy calculus perspective. Moving beyond the duality of personal benefits and privacy risks, we theorize that users hold social considerations (i.e., social benefits and risks) that underlie their acceptance decisions. To test our propositions, we chose the context of COVID-19 contact tracing apps and conducted a qualitative pre-study and longitudinal quantitative main study with 589 participants from Germany and Switzerland. Our findings confirm the prominence of individual privacy calculus in explaining intention to use and actual behavior. While privacy risks are a significant determinant of intention to use, social risks (operationalized as fear of mass surveillance) have a notably stronger impact. Our mediation analysis suggests that social risks represent the underlying mechanism behind the observed negative link between individual privacy risks and contact tracing apps' acceptance. Furthermore, we find a substantial intention–behavior gap.
Who makes the world?
(2020)
In this essay, we consider the role of academics as change-makers. There is a long line of reflection about academics' sociopolitical role(s) in international relations (IR). Yet, our attempt differs from available considerations in two regards. First, we emphasize that academics are not a homogenous group. While some keep their distance from policymakers, others frequently provide policy advice. Hence, positions and possibilities of influence differ. Second, our argument is not oriented towards the past but the future. That is, we develop our reflections on academics as change-makers by outlining the vision of a 'FutureLab', an innovative, future forum that brings together different world-makers who are united in their attempt to improve 'the world'. Our vision accounts for current, perhaps alarming trends in academia, such as debates about the (in)ability to confront post-truth politics. Still, it is a (critically) optimistic one and can be read as an invitation for experimentation. Finally, we sympathize with voices demanding the democratization of academia and find that further cross-disciplinary dialogues within academia and dialogues between different academics, civil society activists and policymakers may help in finding creditable solutions to problems such as climate change and populism.
Narratives are shaping our understanding of the world. They convey values and norms and point to desirable future developments. In this way, they justify and legitimize political actions and social practices. Once a narrative has emerged and this world view is supported by broad societal groups, narratives can provide powerful momentum to trigger innovation and changes in the course of action. Narratives, however, are not necessarily based on evidence and precise categories, but can instead be vague and ambiguous in order to be acceptable and attractive to different actors. However, the more open and inclusive a narrative is, the less impact can be expected. We investigate whether there is a shared narrative in research for the sustainable economy and how this can be evaluated in terms of its potential societal impact. The paper carves out the visions for the future that have been underlying the research projects conducted within the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) funding programme "The Sustainable Economy". It then analyzes whether these visions are compatible with narratives dominating societal discourse on the sustainable economy, and concludes how the use of visions and narratives in research can contribute to fostering societal transformations.
Digitalization, as well as sustainability, are gaining increased relevance and have attracted significant attention in research and practice. However, the research already published about this topic examining digitalization in the retail sector does not consider the acceptance of related innovations, nor their impact on sustainability. Therefore, this article critically analyzes the acceptance of customers towards digital technologies in fashion stores as well as their impact on sustainability in the textile industry. The comprehensive analysis of the literature and the current state of research provide the basis of this paper. Theoretical models, such as the Technology-Acceptance-Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2) enable the evaluation of expectations and acceptance, as well as the assessment of possible inhibitory factors for the subsequent descriptive and statistical examination of the acceptance of digital technologies in fashion stores. The research on this subject was examined in a quantitative way. The key findings show that customers do accept digital technologies in fashion stores. The final part of this contribution describes the innovative Digitalization 4 Sustainability Framework which shows that digital technologies at the point of sale (PoS) in fashion stores could have a positive impact on sustainability. Overall, this paper shows that it is particularly important for fashion stores to concentrate on their individual strengths and customer needs as well as to indicate a more sustainable way by using digital technologies, in order to achieve added value for the customers and to set themselves apart from the competition while designing a more sustainable future. Moreover, fashion stores should make it a point of their honor to harness the power of digitalization for sake of sustainability and economic value creation.
Digitalization, as well as sustainability, are gaining increased relevance and have attracted significant attention in research and practice. However, the research already published about this topic examining digitalization in the retail sector does not consider the acceptance of related innovations, nor their impact on sustainability. Therefore, this article critically analyzes the acceptance of customers towards digital technologies in fashion stores as well as their impact on sustainability in the textile industry. The comprehensive analysis of the literature and the current state of research provide the basis of this paper. Theoretical models, such as the Technology-Acceptance-Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2) enable the evaluation of expectations and acceptance, as well as the assessment of possible inhibitory factors for the subsequent descriptive and statistical examination of the acceptance of digital technologies in fashion stores. The research on this subject was examined in a quantitative way. The key findings show that customers do accept digital technologies in fashion stores. The final part of this contribution describes the innovative Digitalization 4 Sustainability Framework which shows that digital technologies at the point of sale (PoS) in fashion stores could have a positive impact on sustainability. Overall, this paper shows that it is particularly important for fashion stores to concentrate on their individual strengths and customer needs as well as to indicate a more sustainable way by using digital technologies, in order to achieve added value for the customers and to set themselves apart from the competition while designing a more sustainable future. Moreover, fashion stores should make it a point of their honor to harness the power of digitalization for sake of sustainability and economic value creation.
Strength of weakness
(2020)
The paper investigates quality management in teaching and learning in higher education institutions from a principal-agent perspective. Based on data gained from semi-structured interviews and from a nation-wide survey with quality managers of German higher education institutions, the study shows how quality managers position themselves in relation to their perception of the interests of other actors in higher education institutions. The paper describes the various interests and discusses the main implications of this constellation of actors. It argues that quality managers, although they may be considered as rather weak actors within the higher education institution, may be characterised as having a strength of weakness due to diverging interests of their principals.
What does homophily do?
(2022)
Understanding the consequences of homophily, which is among the most widely observed social phenomena, is important, with implications for management theory and practice. Therefore, we review management research on the consequences of homophily. As these consequences have been studied at the individual, dyad, team, organizational, and macro levels, we structure our review accordingly. We highlight findings that are consistent and contradictory, as well as those that point to boundary conditions or moderators. In conducting our review, we also derive implications for management research from insights gained by research in other disciplines on this topic. We raise specific issues and opportunities for future research at each level, and conclude with a discussion of broader future research directions, both empirical and conceptual, that apply across levels. We hope that our review will open new vistas in research on this important topic.
Networking fast and slow
(2023)
Growing interest in network dynamics has led to insights about patterns of network change, drivers of tie formation, and the temporal unfolding of the consequences of networks. To this area of inquiry, we introduce networking speed—the time that it takes for individuals to form a network tie—as an important but so far largely overlooked aspect. We develop a theory of networking speed that explains how different catalysts enable professionals to introduce variation into the speed with which they form interpersonal network ties. We discuss how such variation in the speed with which ties have been formed influences relational outcomes and the network returns that these ties generate. This discussion illustrates that high networking speed can entail advantages as well as pitfalls. We also explore temporal implications of networking speed—for instance, the persistence of the effects of speed over time. Overall, we conceptualize networking speed as a constitutive element of how interpersonal networks function in professional settings, and we propose a future research program for the integration of this novel concept into organizational network research.
This paper seeks to address the relationship between social capital and perceived social origin in contemporary Austria. While the concept of social capital has been widely adopted in social sciences, so far research on the (pre)structured shape of social capital by social origin is scarce. Our aim is to close this gap. Therefore, we use the network-as-capital approach by following the “position generator” and apply latent class analysis (LCA) and path modelling on the basis of the 2018 Austrian Social Survey. The dataset comprises a representative sample of the Austrian residential population aged 18 and older. Our findings show that the diversity of social capital, and access to networks of people in more highly ranked positions is strongly influenced by one’s social background. The higher respondents assess their social origin, the greater the probability of being in this type of network. Furthermore, education and occupation have effects on membership in a class-specific network.
The social stratification systems of major cities are transforming all around the globe. International research has been discussing this trend and focus on changing occupational classes. However, the precise effects on urban households, taking social welfare and different family arrangements into account, as well as the precise effects on people with a migration background, remain unclear. Using the example of Vienna, this article examines immigration as a key dimension for social stratification. Although household income structures in Austria have remained comparatively stable over the past two decades, the middle-income share in Vienna (as the sole metropolis in Austria) has dramatically decreased. This predominantly affects people from migrant backgrounds. Using a comprehensive dataset (two waves, N = 16,700 participants, including N = 4,500 migrants), we systematically examine the role of (a) migration-specific and (b) education- and employment-related factors to explain the decline of middle-income migrants. The results of multinomial logistic regression and decomposition analyses suggest that transformations in the labour market is the main driving force. Changing migrant characteristics have counteracted this process. If today's migrants displayed similar showed characteristics (e.g., origin and educational levels) to those prevalent in the past decade, the ethnic stratification disparities would have been even stronger.
Value research has a long and extensive history of theoretical definitions and empirical investigations using large scale quantitative surveys. However, the way the general population understands, defines, and relates to the concept of values, and how these views vary across individuals is seldom addressed. The present study examined subjective interpretations of the term through focus group interviews, and reports on the development of a Value Conceptualisation Scale (VCS) that distinguishes six dimensions of different views on values: normativity, relevance, validity, stability, consistency, and awareness. Focus group interviews (n = 38) as well as several surveys (n = 100, n = 1519, n = 903, n = 94) were used to develop, refine, and test the scale in terms of response variety, temporal stability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. These systematic results show that views on values do indeed vary significantly between participants. Correlations with dogmatism, preference for consistency, and metacognition were found for corresponding dimensions. The VCS provides an original measure, which enables future research to explore this variation on the conceptualisation of values.
Labour market entry poses enormous challenges for recently arrived refugees, ranging from language barriers, devaluation of human capital, unfamiliarity with customs of the job search process to outright discrimination. How can refugees overcome these challenges and quickly enter gainful employment? In this paper, we draw on interviews with 26 male and female refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran, conducted in 2017 and 2018, who came to Austria in 2015 and 2014 and who have successfully entered employment. We depict refugees’ own perspectives on and strategies for fast job entry and integration. Personal agency and a proactive approach of seeking and seizing opportunities are key for overcoming initial barriers and entering upon positive integration pathways. At the same time, refugees’ personal agency is essential for establishing social ties to the host society, which also play a crucial role in early labour market integration. Finally, institutions of the Austrian labour market (the ‘apprenticeship’-system) interact with refugees’ agency in most intricate ways, both setting up nearly insurmountable barriers but also providing specific opportunities for refugees.
Although the low-wage employment sector has enlarged over the past 20 years in the context of pronounced flexibility in restructured labor markets, gender differences in low-wage employment have declined in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In this article, the authors examine reasons for declining gender inequalities, and most notably concentrate on explanations for the closing gender gap in low-wage employment risks. In addition, they identify differences and similarities among the German-speaking countries. Based on regression techniques and decomposition analyses (1996-2016), the authors find significantly decreasing labor market risks for the female workforce. Detailed analysis reveals that (1) the concrete positioning in the labor market shows greater importance in explaining declining gender differences compared to personal characteristics. (2) The changed composition of the labor markets has prevented the low-wage sector from increasing even more in general and works in favor of the female workforce and their low-wage employment risks in particular.
Vienna's resilience
(2022)
This chapter provides a synthesis of the volume, bringing together the aspects that characterise each of the single policy domains analysed throughout and highlighting their synergic effects on the output. In particular, it addresses the dualisation tendencies between ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ in Vienna’s urban transformation in the changing dimensions of social stratification, on the one hand; and the mechanisms of institutional resilience, on the other hand. Despite the inclusive welfare system, emerging vulnerabilities currently pose new challenges for Vienna’s redistributive capacity in the key policy areas. Existing institutional arrangements and their regulatory capacities are a good starting point to answer the question: is Vienna still a just city?