Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2019 (85) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (61)
- Postprint (10)
- Rezension (6)
- Dissertation (4)
- Sonstiges (4)
Sprache
- Englisch (85) (entfernen)
Gehört zur Bibliographie
- ja (85)
Schlagworte
- Caenorhabditis elegans (4)
- inflammation (4)
- oxidative stress (4)
- Biomarker (3)
- Boron exposure (3)
- Oxidative stress (3)
- SDS-PAGE (3)
- malnutrition (3)
- polyphenols (3)
- Boric acid (2)
- Carotenoids (2)
- DNA damage (2)
- Doehlert design (2)
- FGF21 (2)
- Jurkat cells (2)
- LC-MS/MS (2)
- LC/HRMS (2)
- Labile zinc (2)
- MALDI-TOF/MS (2)
- NAFLD (2)
- NASH (2)
- Pak choi (2)
- Parkinson disease (2)
- Plackett–Burman design (2)
- Zinc (2)
- Zinc homeostasis (2)
- anti-inflammatory nutrition (2)
- biomarker (2)
- cancer (2)
- ceramides (2)
- cholesterol (2)
- chronic fatigue (2)
- cytokines (2)
- diet (2)
- drug delivery (2)
- electrochemistry (2)
- endurance exercise (2)
- epigenetics (2)
- extraction (2)
- fatigue reduction diet (2)
- glucose intolerance (2)
- human excised skin (2)
- hydrolysis (2)
- mass spectrometry (2)
- monensin (2)
- myalgic encephalomyelitis (2)
- nanogels (2)
- older persons (2)
- omega-3 fatty acids (2)
- probiotics (2)
- selenium (2)
- serine palmitoyltransferase (2)
- skin penetration (2)
- sphingolipid de novo synthesis (2)
- stable-isotope labeling (2)
- tacrolimus formulation (2)
- transformation products (2)
- veterinary drugs (2)
- wheat (2)
- zinc (2)
- α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (2)
- 1-Methoxy-3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate (1)
- 3-Methylhistidin (1)
- 3-methylhistidine (1)
- 3D tissue model (1)
- 7 macrophages (1)
- Adult height (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Aging (1)
- Alterung (1)
- BMI (1)
- Beef (1)
- Beryllium (1)
- Beta-Zelle (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Blood pressure (1)
- Blood protein adducts (1)
- Brassica (1)
- Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis (1)
- Brown adipose tissue (1)
- C-reactive protein (1)
- C. elegans (1)
- Caco-2 intestinal barrier model (1)
- Carotenoid (1)
- Casein (1)
- Catechin (1)
- Cellular uptake (1)
- Ceramides (1)
- Chlorophylls (1)
- Comet assay (1)
- Costs (1)
- Curcumin (1)
- Cytokines (1)
- DNA adducts (1)
- DNA methylation (1)
- DPP4 (1)
- Dendritic cells (1)
- Diabetes incidence (1)
- Dolichol lipids (1)
- Domestic cooking (1)
- Dopamine (1)
- Drug delivery (1)
- ER-stress (1)
- Eicosanoid (1)
- Equines (1)
- Excretion (1)
- Farber disease (1)
- Flavonoid (1)
- Flavonoids (1)
- Fluorescence screening (1)
- Frailty (1)
- Frailty criteria (1)
- Geriatric patients (1)
- Glp1r(-/-) mice (1)
- Glucosinolate breakdown product (1)
- Glucosinolates (1)
- HNRNPA1 (1)
- HOG (1)
- HPLC (1)
- Health care expenditure (1)
- Heat shock protein 90 (1)
- High resolution microscopy (1)
- IDH1 (1)
- Inflammaging (1)
- Intraperitoneal administration (1)
- Isoprostane (1)
- LEDs (1)
- Leg length (1)
- Light quality (1)
- Liver fat (1)
- Low lean mass (1)
- Low muscle mass (1)
- Lupin (1)
- MALDI-TOF-MS (1)
- MMF (1)
- Manganese (1)
- Meat (1)
- Mendelian randomization (1)
- Microbiome (1)
- Mikronährstoffe (1)
- Multiplex platforms (1)
- Muskelproteinumsatz (1)
- NF-kappa B (1)
- NZO (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1)
- Neoglucobrassicin (1)
- Neurotoxicity (1)
- Nrf2 (1)
- Ontogeny (1)
- Oxylipin (1)
- Paternal exposure (1)
- Pig (1)
- Polyphenols (1)
- Post mortem chemistry (1)
- Proteasome (1)
- Protein aggregates (1)
- Protein oxidation (1)
- Protein restriction (1)
- RAW 264 (1)
- Rats (1)
- Redox control (1)
- Reliability (1)
- SEC-HPLC (1)
- SVM (1)
- Sarcopenia (1)
- Se-methylselenoneine (1)
- Secondary metabolites (1)
- Selenium (1)
- Selenoneine (1)
- Sex ratio at birth (1)
- Short stature (1)
- Skin penetration (1)
- Small molecules (1)
- Sphingolipids (1)
- TET (1)
- TGF-beta (1)
- TGF-beta 1 (1)
- Testicle (1)
- Thermal processing (1)
- Trans-epoxy-fatty acid (1)
- Trunk length (1)
- Type 2 diabetes (1)
- Vitamin C (1)
- Vitamin D insufficiency (1)
- Vitamin K (1)
- Y:X chromosome ratio (1)
- YB-1 (1)
- Zinypr-1 (1)
- acid ceramidase (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- activation (1)
- aging (1)
- amaranth (1)
- amino acids (1)
- amitriptyline (1)
- antioxidant activity (1)
- antioxidant defense systems (1)
- aroma quality (1)
- arsenic (1)
- autophagy flux (1)
- beta-carotene hydroxylase (1)
- beta-cell (1)
- bioactive peptides (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- caffeic acid derivatives (1)
- cancer cells (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- cell migration (1)
- chronic diseases (1)
- chronic kidney disease (1)
- classification (1)
- click chemistry (1)
- clinical prediction rule (1)
- clusterin (1)
- cocoa processing (1)
- cocoa proteins (1)
- collagen I (1)
- copper (1)
- cost-effectiveness analysis (1)
- cow-side assay (1)
- dendritic cell (1)
- determinants (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diet-disease association (1)
- dietary patterns (1)
- etiology (1)
- extraction and characterization methods (1)
- fatigue (1)
- fermentation-related enzymes (1)
- fetal programing (1)
- fiber (1)
- fibrosis (1)
- flavonoids (1)
- fluorescent probe (1)
- frailty (1)
- free zinc (1)
- gallbladder cancer (1)
- gene (1)
- gene-lifestyle interaction (1)
- genetics (1)
- glucagon (1)
- growth (1)
- health (1)
- heath potentials (1)
- homeostasis (1)
- immune-inflammatory biomarkers (1)
- in vivo (1)
- incident type 2 diabetes (1)
- increases (1)
- induction (1)
- insulin (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- interventions (1)
- invasion (1)
- involuntary weight loss (1)
- iron (1)
- kale (1)
- lifestyle risk reduction (1)
- linagliptin (1)
- low birth weight (1)
- lysosomal storage disorders (1)
- machine learning (1)
- measles virus (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metabolic stress (1)
- metabolischer Stress (1)
- method comparison (1)
- methyl jasmonate (1)
- micronutrients (1)
- microscope (1)
- model (1)
- muscle protein turnover (1)
- narrow-banded UVB (1)
- nutritional factors (1)
- old adults (1)
- oxidativer Stress (1)
- pea (1)
- physical activity (1)
- plasma measurements (1)
- post-hospital syndrome (1)
- presystemic metabolism (1)
- prevention (1)
- principal component analysis (1)
- protein-phenol interactions (1)
- proteomic analysis (1)
- randomized controlled intervention study (1)
- red meat (1)
- repeated measures design (1)
- replication (1)
- reproducibility (1)
- selenoneine (1)
- selenoproteins (1)
- serum (1)
- skeletal muscle (1)
- skeletal-muscle (1)
- smartphone (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- sphingosine (1)
- sphingosine kinases (1)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (1)
- suPAR (1)
- survival (1)
- tea processing (1)
- therapy (1)
- thermal processing (1)
- thymosin beta 4 (1)
- type 2 (1)
- type 2 diabetes (1)
- type 2 diabetes mellitus (1)
- vitamin (1)
- volatile compounds (1)
- weight loss intervention (1)
Institut
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (85) (entfernen)
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that an increased red meat intake is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas an increased fiber intake is associated with a lower risk. Objectives: We conducted an intervention study to investigate the effects of these nutritional factors on glucose and lipid metabolism, body-fat distribution, and liver fat content in subjects at increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods: This prospective, randomized, and controlled dietary intervention study was performed over 6 mo. All groups decreased their daily caloric intake by 400 kcal. The "control" group (N = 40) only had this requirement. The "no red meat" group (N = 48) in addition aimed to avoid the intake of red meat, and the "fiber" group (N = 44) increased intake of fibers to 40 g/d. Anthropometric parameters and frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance tests were performed before and after intervention. Body-fat mass and distribution, liver fat, and liver iron content were assessed by MRI and single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Participants in all groups lost weight (mean 3.3 +/- 0.5 kg, P < 0.0001). Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity improved (P < 0.001), and body and visceral fat mass decreased in all groups (P < 0.001). These changes did not differ between groups. Liver fat content decreased significantly (P < 0.001) with no differences between the groups. The decrease in liver fat correlated with the decrease in ferritin during intervention (r(2) = 0.08, P = 0.0021). This association was confirmed in an independent lifestyle intervention study (Tuebingen Lifestyle Intervention Program, N = 229, P = 0.0084). Conclusions: Our data indicate that caloric restriction leads to a marked improvement in glucose metabolism and body-fat composition, including liver-fat content. The marked reduction in liver fat might be mediated via changes in ferritin levels. In the context of caloric restriction, there seems to be no additional beneficial impact of reduced red meat intake and increased fiber intake on the improvement in cardiometabolic risk parameters. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03231839.
Purpose of review In addition to the currently available lysosomotropic drugs and autophagy whole-body knockout mouse models, we provide alternative methods that enable the modulation and detection of autophagic flux in vivo, discussing advantages and disadvantages of each method. Recent findings With the autophagosome-lysosome fusion inhibitor colchicine in skeletal muscle and temporal downregulation of autophagy using a novel Autophagy related 5-short hairpin RNA (Atg5-shRNA) mouse model we mention two models that directly modulate autophagy flux in vivo. Furthermore, methods to quantify autophagy flux, such as mitophagy transgenic reporters, in situ immunofluorescent staining and multispectral imaging flow cytometry, in mature skeletal muscle and cells are addressed. To achieve clinical benefit, less toxic, temporary and cell-type-specific modulation of autophagy should be pursued further. A temporary knockdown as described for the Atg5-shRNA mice could provide a first insight into possible implications of autophagy inhibition. However, it is also important to take a closer look into the methods to evaluate autophagy after harvesting the tissue. In particular caution is required when experimental conditions can influence the final measurement and this should be pretested carefully.
Consumption of Brassica vegetables is linked to health benefits, as they contain high concentrations of the following secondary plant metabolites (SPMs): glucosinolate breakdown products, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and phenolic compounds. Especially Brassica vegetables are consumed as microgreens (developed cotyledons). It was investigated how different ontogenetic stages (microgreens or leaves) of pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) and kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) differ in their SPM concentration. The impact of breadmaking on SPMs in microgreens (7 days) and leaves (14 days) in pak choi and kale as a supplement in mixed wheat bread was assessed. In leaves, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and phenolic compounds were higher compared to those of microgreens. Breadmaking caused a decrease of SPMs. Chlorophyll degradation was observed, leading to pheophytin and pyropheophytin formation. In kale, sinapoylgentiobiose, a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative, concentration increased. Thus, leaves of Brassica species are suitable as natural ingredients for enhancing bioactive SPM concentrations in bread.
Pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) is a leafy vegetable that is widely available in Asia and consumed in rising quantities in Europe. Pak choi contains high levels of secondary plant metabolites, such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, and vitamin K, which are beneficial for humans if consumed on a regular basis. The evaluation of the genotype-induced variation of secondary plant metabolites revealed that the cultivar ‘Amur’ contained the highest concentration of secondary plant metabolites. Furthermore, steaming retained more chlorophylls, glucosinolates, phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds than boiling. In contrast, both domestic cooking methods – boiling, and steaming – reduced the formation of glucosinolate breakdown products, especially the undesired epithionitriles and nitriles but less of the health-beneficial isothiocyanates.
Treatment of caenorhabditis elegans with small selenium species enhances antioxidant defense systems
(2019)
ScopeSmall selenium (Se) species play a key role in Se metabolism and act as dietary sources of the essential trace element. However, they are redox-active and trigger pro- and antioxidant responses. As health outcomes are strongly species-dependent, species-specific characteristics of Se compounds are tested in vivo. Methods and resultsIn the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), immediate and sustained effects of selenite, selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) are studied regarding their bioavailability, incorporation into proteins, as well as modulation of the cellular redox status. While all tested Se compounds are bioavailable, only SeMet persistently accumulates and is non-specifically incorporated into proteins. However, the protection toward chemically-induced formation of reactive species is independent of the applied Se compound. Increased thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activity and changes in mRNA expression levels of antioxidant proteins indicate the activation of cellular defense mechanisms. However, in txnrd-1 deletion mutants, no protective effects of the Se species are observed anymore, which is also reflected by differential gene expression data. ConclusionSe species protect against chemically-induced reactive species formation. The identified immediate and sustained systemic effects of Se species give rise to speculations on possible benefits facing subsequent periods of inadequate Se intake.