Refine
Year of publication
- 2018 (325) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (222)
- Doctoral Thesis (33)
- Postprint (30)
- Review (20)
- Other (16)
- Habilitation Thesis (3)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (325) (remove)
Keywords
- Arabidopsis (6)
- nitrogen deposition (5)
- plasticity (5)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (4)
- adaptation (4)
- ancient DNA (4)
- biodiversity (4)
- climate change (4)
- competition (4)
- inheritance (4)
- palaeogenomics (4)
- protein (4)
- strategic growth adjustments (4)
- temperature (4)
- Africa (3)
- DNA (3)
- DNA methylation (3)
- GPS (3)
- Germany (3)
- Lepus europaeus (3)
- Life history (3)
- Metabolomics (3)
- Review (3)
- angiogenesis (3)
- body height (3)
- centriole (3)
- centrosome (3)
- exposure (3)
- expression (3)
- metabolomics (3)
- microtubules (3)
- phototaxis (3)
- priming (3)
- short-read mapping (3)
- synthetic biology (3)
- wild mammal species (3)
- Acoustic-Signals (2)
- Aquatic ecosystems (2)
- Biodiversität (2)
- Biofilm (2)
- Biofilms (2)
- CCM (2)
- Chlamydomonas (2)
- Convergent Evolution (2)
- Cyanobacteria (2)
- DNA nanostructure (2)
- Dielectrophoresis (2)
- Differential gene expression (2)
- Dwelling Atlantic Mollies (2)
- Eco-evolutionary dynamics (2)
- Electropolymerization (2)
- Emberiza (2)
- EphA2 (2)
- Ethnobotany (2)
- European Multi Lake Survey (2)
- Eutrophication (2)
- Evolution (2)
- Fitness (2)
- Gene expression (2)
- Global change (2)
- Glomosporiaceae (2)
- Gynogenesis (2)
- HK620 (2)
- Heart development (2)
- Hybrid speciation (2)
- Hypopomus-Occidentalis (2)
- Mate choice (2)
- Mechanotransduction (2)
- Meiosis (2)
- Metabolism (2)
- Microcystis aeruginosa (2)
- Microorganisms (2)
- Microplastics (2)
- Microsatellite analysis (2)
- Modeling (2)
- Molecularly imprinted polymers (2)
- Monoclonal antibodies (2)
- Mormyrid Fish (2)
- Myodes glareolus (2)
- NAB (2)
- O-antigen (2)
- O-antigen specific phage (2)
- Offspring weight (2)
- Organ Discharge Patterns (2)
- PC-3 cells (2)
- Paternity analysis (2)
- Phylogenetic-Relationships (2)
- Poecili-Mexicana (2)
- Poecilia formosa (2)
- Poecilia latipinna (2)
- Poecilia mexicana (2)
- Pollimyrus-Isidori (2)
- Population genetics (2)
- Rice (2)
- SPB (2)
- SWL (2)
- Sailfin molly (2)
- Scopoletin (2)
- Senescence (2)
- Sexual Selection (2)
- Sexual selection (2)
- Shigella flexneri (2)
- Stoffwechsel (2)
- Tanzania (2)
- aberrations (2)
- agriculture (2)
- alignment sensitivity / specificity (2)
- allocation (2)
- anatoxin (2)
- arable land (2)
- bacteriophage (2)
- basal body (2)
- biodiversity exploratories (2)
- biogeography (2)
- biomarker (2)
- bird migration (2)
- calcium (2)
- cardiomyogenic differentiation (2)
- cholesterol (2)
- chromatin (2)
- cilium (2)
- coexistence (2)
- community effect on height (2)
- competition–defense trade‐off (2)
- competitive growth (2)
- conservation (2)
- cord blood (2)
- cylindrospermopsin (2)
- defense against predation (2)
- direct effects (2)
- dry and mesic grasslands (2)
- dynamics (2)
- efficient (2)
- eicosapentaenoic acid (2)
- ephrin (2)
- epigenetics (2)
- evolution (2)
- fertilization (2)
- fluorescence sensor (2)
- food quality (2)
- forestREplot (2)
- functional response (2)
- genome assembly (2)
- grazing (2)
- habitat selection (2)
- habitat use (2)
- host specificity (2)
- in silico (2)
- in vitro (2)
- in vitro particle opening (2)
- indirect effects (2)
- indirect facilitation (2)
- individual-based model (2)
- initial site conditions (2)
- internal transcribed spacer (2)
- land use (2)
- life cycle (2)
- light pollution (2)
- lipid limitation thresholds (2)
- lipopolysaccharide (2)
- liverwort (2)
- male Daphnia (2)
- maltooligosaccharides (2)
- mammals (2)
- mate-pairs (2)
- meadow (2)
- metabolism (2)
- microbial ecology (2)
- microcystin (2)
- microplastics (2)
- microtiter plate assay (2)
- molecular phylogenetics (2)
- moss (2)
- multivalence (2)
- neurodegeneration (2)
- non-breeding (2)
- nucleus-associated body (2)
- paleogenomics (2)
- past land use (2)
- pasture (2)
- phenology (2)
- plants (2)
- plastidial phosphorylase (2)
- podovirus (2)
- polyunsaturated fatty acids (2)
- population dynamics (2)
- predator-prey dynamics (2)
- predator–prey cycles (2)
- progenitor cells (2)
- quasi-permanent plots (2)
- rodent (2)
- scaffolding (2)
- senescence (2)
- serotyping (2)
- shotgun sequencing (2)
- smut fungi (2)
- spatial distribution (2)
- species coexistence (2)
- spindle pole body (2)
- stability (2)
- starch biosynthesis (2)
- starch granule biogenesis (2)
- starch synthase (2)
- sterols (2)
- stopover (2)
- tailspike protein (2)
- tailspike proteins (2)
- telemetry (2)
- telomere dysfunction (2)
- transformation (2)
- vegetation change (2)
- vegetation height (2)
- virus infection (2)
- winner and loser species (2)
- 16S rRNA Illumina amplicon sequencing (1)
- 3D-acceleration sensor (1)
- A. thaliana (1)
- AC electrokinetics (1)
- ACD6 (1)
- ALAN (1)
- ARL13b (1)
- ARL3 (1)
- Achillea millefolium (1)
- Activity respiration (1)
- Adolescence (1)
- Afrika (1)
- Age (1)
- Agrarlandschaft (1)
- Agricultural fertilization (1)
- Agricultural landscapes (1)
- Alignment (1)
- Allelopathy (1)
- Allometric trophic network model (1)
- Allometry (1)
- Alternaria mycotoxins (1)
- Alternaria species-groups (1)
- Alternative growth regulators (1)
- Ambrosia artemisiifolia (1)
- Anatolia (1)
- Ancient forest (1)
- Angiosperms (1)
- Anolis (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Antibiotic resistance (1)
- Aphis fabae (1)
- Arabia (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (1)
- Arabidopsis-thaliana (1)
- Arabien (1)
- Arionidae (1)
- Aromatic amino acids (1)
- Arsenic speciation (1)
- Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons (1)
- Arsenolipids (1)
- Artificial light (1)
- Artificial light at night (ALAN) (1)
- Astrobiologie (1)
- AtD-CGS (1)
- Auxin (1)
- Auxin transport (1)
- B12-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation (1)
- BEMOVI (1)
- BRUSHY1 (1)
- Bacterial community composition (1)
- Baltic Sea (1)
- Beech forests (1)
- Behavior (1)
- Benzylbenzofuran (1)
- Bet-hedging (1)
- Bewegungsökologie (1)
- Bioaccumulation (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biogeography (1)
- Biokatalyse (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Biomimetic sensors (1)
- Biosensor (1)
- Biosignaturen (1)
- Blood-Brain Barrier (1)
- Body height (1)
- Boreal forests (1)
- Brachionus calyciflorus (1)
- Branched chain amino acids (1)
- Bray Curtis dissimilarity (1)
- Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy (1)
- Buds (1)
- C sequestration (1)
- CDS (1)
- CSF (1)
- CWSI (1)
- CYSTATHIONINE GAMMA-SYNTHASE (1)
- Caffeine (1)
- Camelid antibodies (1)
- Camelid single domain antibodies (1)
- Canalization (1)
- Canopy (1)
- Capsella (1)
- Carabidae (1)
- Carbon (1)
- Carbon cycling (1)
- Cardiac regeneration (1)
- Cardiomyocyte proliferation (1)
- Cell death (1)
- Cell signalling (1)
- Cellular phosphorus (1)
- Cervidae (1)
- Cetaceans (1)
- Chalcone (1)
- Charophytes (1)
- Child growth (1)
- Chlorophyll (1)
- Chromatin-based mechanisms (1)
- Chronic exposure (1)
- Chronic stress (1)
- Chronosequence (1)
- Chytridiomycota (1)
- Ciconia ciconia (1)
- Climate-change ecology (1)
- Co-evolution (1)
- Coexistence mechanisms (1)
- Colonization (1)
- Community ecology (1)
- Community effects on growth (1)
- Competitive growth (1)
- Congenital heart defects (1)
- Conifer plantations (1)
- Conservation (1)
- Corms (1)
- Counterstrategy (1)
- Cover abundance (1)
- Cryptogams (1)
- Cultivation (1)
- Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (1)
- Cytochrome P450 (1)
- Cytotoxicity (1)
- DDT (1)
- DNA assembly (1)
- DNA cloning (1)
- DNA extraction (1)
- DNA-binding (1)
- DNRA (1)
- DUF300 proteins (1)
- Dangeardia mamillata (1)
- Daphnia (1)
- Degradation (1)
- Denitrifiers (1)
- Desiccation (1)
- Determination of crystallinity (1)
- Determination of hydration (1)
- Developing brain (1)
- Developmental evolution (1)
- Diagnostik (1)
- Dialel (1)
- Dictyostelium (1)
- Dictyostelium discoideum (1)
- Disease monitoring (1)
- Diseases of the nervous system (1)
- Dormancy phases (1)
- Dorstenia kameruniana (1)
- Dryland (1)
- E. coil (1)
- EARLY STARVATION1 (1)
- ERK5 (1)
- East Africa (1)
- Eco-hydrological model (1)
- EcoHyD (1)
- Ecohydrological model (1)
- Ecological guilds (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ecosystem functioning (1)
- Ecotoxicology (1)
- El Nino Southern Oscillation (1)
- El Niño/Southern Oscillation-Phänomen (1)
- Elapidae (1)
- Electrodes (1)
- Electrokinetics (1)
- Electroosmosis (1)
- Endocoenobium eudorinae (1)
- Endothelial cells (1)
- Endothelial integrity (1)
- Energy transfer (1)
- Environmental risk (1)
- Enzyme (1)
- Erbe (1)
- Eukaryoten (1)
- Eurasian lynx (1)
- European brown hare (1)
- European hare (1)
- European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) (1)
- Exotic (1)
- Extreme environment (1)
- Facilitation (1)
- Fagus (1)
- Familiarity (1)
- Farber disease (1)
- Fat Patterning (1)
- Fatty acids (1)
- Feldhase (1)
- Fire (1)
- Fitness landscape and frequency-dependent selection (1)
- Flower (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Food web (1)
- Foraging (1)
- Forest age (1)
- Forest management (1)
- Forest understorey (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Fraxinus (1)
- Freshwater microalgae (1)
- Frühwarn-System (1)
- Functional diversity (1)
- Functional trait diversity (1)
- Furanocoumarin (1)
- GC gene (1)
- GC-globulin (1)
- GC/MS (1)
- GFLASSO (1)
- GPS tracking (1)
- GWA (1)
- Gene duplication (1)
- Genetic architecture (1)
- Genotypic variation (1)
- Germline knockout (1)
- Glial biology (1)
- Glial development (1)
- Global DNA methylation (1)
- Global environmental change (1)
- Glutathione (1)
- Growth signaling (1)
- GxE interaction (1)
- H3K4 methylation (1)
- HGT (1)
- HPLC (1)
- HSF (1)
- Habitabilität (1)
- Hamiltonella defensa (1)
- Hangman porphyrin (1)
- Hantavirus (1)
- Hantavirus-Erkrankung (1)
- Harmful algal bloom (1)
- Harmful algal blooms (1)
- Health risk assessment (1)
- Heavy-chain only antibodies (1)
- Hepatitis E virus (1)
- Herb layer (1)
- Heterotrophic activity (1)
- Hill numbers (1)
- Hippocampal neurogenesis (1)
- Historic literature (1)
- Home range (1)
- Home range size (1)
- Homeostasis (1)
- HopZ1a (1)
- Horizontal gene transfer (1)
- Host adaptation (1)
- Host-plant quality (1)
- Human used-drugs (1)
- Humans (1)
- Hund (1)
- Hybridzerfall (1)
- Hydrogen peroxide (1)
- Hyena (1)
- Hypoxis (1)
- Hyäne (1)
- IC (1)
- Immune evasion cluster (1)
- Immunity (1)
- Immunscreening (1)
- Indicator species (1)
- Individual-based model (1)
- Individual-based models (1)
- Infanticide risk (1)
- Inner-city area (1)
- Insect herbivore (1)
- Integrated environmental modelling (1)
- Integrative taxonomy (1)
- Interdigitated electrodes (1)
- Interdisciplinary links (1)
- Intervertebral disc (1)
- Ion leakage (1)
- Iron toxicity (1)
- Island colonization (1)
- Isolation (1)
- Japan (1)
- KLF2 (1)
- Kalzium (1)
- Killer whale (1)
- Klotho (1)
- Koexistenz von Arten (1)
- L-systems (1)
- LC-MS/MS (1)
- LC/MS (1)
- LED (1)
- Label-free imaging (1)
- Laccase (1)
- Land-use history (1)
- Landscape connectivity (1)
- Landscape of fear (1)
- Larch (1)
- Latitudinal gradient (1)
- Leaf senescence (1)
- Leaf shape (1)
- Leptospira spp (1)
- Lesser antilles (1)
- Life history strategies (1)
- Light pollution (1)
- Limnology (1)
- Littoral (1)
- Lolium perenne (1)
- Lutra lutra (1)
- Lysiphlebus fabarum (1)
- Lythrum salicaria (1)
- MLST (1)
- MOBAK 1 (1)
- Macroclimatic gradient (1)
- Manganese (1)
- Marine mammals (1)
- Maschinelles-Lernen (1)
- Maternal relationships (1)
- Meat storage (1)
- Mechanical stimulation (1)
- Mechanically-induced stress (1)
- Mechanoperception (1)
- Mechanosensing (1)
- Medicinal plants (1)
- Menarche (1)
- Mercury (1)
- Metabolite (1)
- Metabolomik (1)
- Metal Metabolism (1)
- Methanogenic archaea (1)
- Methylation (1)
- Microarrays (1)
- Microbial ecology (1)
- Microbiota (1)
- Microcystins (1)
- Microcystis sp (1)
- Microplastics (MP) (1)
- Microsatellite (1)
- Migration (1)
- Mikroorganismen (1)
- Mikroplastik (1)
- Mikroplastikpartikel (1)
- Mitochondrial DNA (1)
- Modellierung (1)
- Modelling functional diversity (1)
- Modern pollen-vegetation relationships (1)
- Molecularly imprinted polymer (1)
- Moment closure (1)
- Monogononta (1)
- Moraceae (1)
- Morphogenesis (1)
- Morphological evolution (1)
- Multi-functionality index (1)
- Multi-scale analysis (1)
- Multilocus phylogeny (1)
- Multiple-Sklerose (1)
- Mushrooms (1)
- Mutualism (1)
- NRPS (1)
- Nagetiere (1)
- Naja guineensis sp nov. (1)
- Naja melanoleuca (1)
- Naja savannula sp nov. (1)
- Namibia (1)
- Nekrose (1)
- Neogen (1)
- Neurotoxicity (1)
- Neurotransmitters (1)
- Next generation sequencing (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- Nitrogen deposition (1)
- Nitrogen-limitation hypothesis (1)
- Nonindigenous (1)
- Noninvasive sampling (1)
- Nonlinear optical microscopy (1)
- Normal and beta distribution (1)
- North Sea (1)
- Nutrients (1)
- Nyquist-shannon sampling theorem (1)
- ODD (Overview, Design concepts, Details) protocol (1)
- Odour recognition (1)
- Organic matter mineralization (1)
- Ornamental plants (1)
- Oryza sativa ssp japonica cv. taipei 309 (1)
- Ostafrika (1)
- Oxidase Subunit-I (1)
- PATELLIN (1)
- PBDE (1)
- PBPK (1)
- PBS1 (1)
- PCB (1)
- PCK (1)
- PCR (1)
- PDE delta (1)
- PI3K (1)
- PKB/Akt (1)
- PKS (1)
- PacBio and Illumina (1)
- Paläontologie (1)
- Paläovegetation (1)
- Parkinson's disease (1)
- Parkinson-Krankheit (1)
- Pattern-oriented modelling (1)
- Peptide mass fingerprinting (1)
- Periphyton (1)
- Persea americana (1)
- Personality (1)
- Pflanzengemeinschaften (1)
- Phenobarbital (1)
- Phenotypic plasticity (1)
- Phosphate limitation (1)
- Phosphoproteomik (1)
- Photoelektrchemischer Sensor (1)
- Photokatalyse (1)
- Photoreceptor (1)
- Phylogeography (1)
- Physiology (1)
- Phytoplankton (1)
- Pilze (1)
- Planetensimulation (1)
- Plant coexistence (1)
- Plant development (1)
- Plant functional type (1)
- Plant growth regulation (1)
- Plant-pollinator interactions (1)
- Plants (1)
- Polyurie/ Polydipsie (1)
- Populationsdynamik (1)
- Porphyra (1)
- Post mortem chemistry (1)
- Predator-prey interactions (1)
- Prediction (1)
- Preterminfants (1)
- Professional knowledge (1)
- Protein adsorption (1)
- Protein imprinting (1)
- Proteins (1)
- Prunus avium L. (1)
- Pseudomonas (1)
- Pseudomonas syringae (1)
- QTL (1)
- Quantum Dots (1)
- Quercus (1)
- R programing language (1)
- R software packages (1)
- RAMseq (1)
- RAPD (1)
- RNA (1)
- RNAseq (1)
- ROCK (1)
- RP2 (1)
- RRBS (1)
- Rainfall variability (1)
- Range expansion (1)
- Rearing experiment (1)
- Redox marker (1)
- Refeeding (1)
- Regression (1)
- Remorin (1)
- Reproduction (1)
- Reproductive strategy (1)
- Research needs (1)
- Resource availability (1)
- Resource variability (1)
- Retina disease (1)
- Ribosomal-RNA (1)
- Rickettsia helvetica (1)
- Risk taking (1)
- Rodent (1)
- Rubbing tree (1)
- Rural habitat (1)
- S. cerevisiae (1)
- SLST (1)
- SNARC effect (1)
- SUB1A (1)
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1)
- Salmonellen (1)
- Sarcomere (1)
- Savanna ecology (1)
- Savanna-grassland bistability (1)
- Schimmelpilzinfektion (1)
- Scirpus maritimus (1)
- Season (1)
- Secondary antibodies (1)
- Seepage (1)
- Selection vs. age-class forests (1)
- Seleniferous area (1)
- Selenium (1)
- Senescence-associated genes (SAGs) (1)
- Sequenzierung (1)
- Sequenzierung der nächsten Generation (1)
- Sexual conflict (1)
- Shinorine (1)
- Shrub encroachment (1)
- Siberian larch (1)
- Simulated microgravity (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Skewed and peaked trait distributions (1)
- Social environment (1)
- Soil texture (1)
- Solidago gigantea (1)
- Source population (1)
- Spatiotemporal resurvey data (1)
- Species age (1)
- Species turnover (1)
- Staphylococcus aureus (1)
- Stochastic differential equations (1)
- Strategic growth adjustment (1)
- Stretching (1)
- Structural determination (1)
- Stunting (1)
- Submergence tolerance (1)
- Subsoil (1)
- Sulfate (1)
- Sundaland (1)
- Sunscreen (1)
- Supplements (1)
- Survival success (1)
- Systembiologie (1)
- Säugetiere (1)
- TMAO reductase (1)
- TRP channels (1)
- Target of Rapamycin kinase (1)
- Telemetrie (1)
- Telemetry (1)
- Temperate forest (1)
- Temperate forests (1)
- Thai population (1)
- Total P (1)
- Total biomass (1)
- Trabeculation (1)
- Trade chain (1)
- Traditional medicine (1)
- Trait (1)
- Trait diversity (1)
- Trait interaction (1)
- Traits (1)
- Transcription factors (1)
- Transferrin (1)
- Transporters (1)
- Tree defence (1)
- Tree regeneration (1)
- Trophic transfer efficiency (1)
- Tropical reservoir (1)
- Tundra-taiga transition (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Tylomelania sarasinorum (1)
- Tyrrhenian Sea (1)
- UNC119 (1)
- UV irradiation (1)
- UV response (1)
- Undernutrition (1)
- Unmanaged vs. managed forests (1)
- Ursus arctos (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Variation (1)
- Vegetable (1)
- Vegetationsmodellierung (1)
- Ventilator-induced lung injury (1)
- Verteidigung (1)
- Visible yellowing (1)
- Wachstumssignale (1)
- Water resources (1)
- Wild mice (1)
- Woodland indicator species (1)
- Zea mays (1)
- Zoonosis (1)
- acid ceramidase (1)
- activation (1)
- activation of oxygen species (1)
- active sites (1)
- acute lung injury (1)
- admixture (1)
- adolescence (1)
- agent-based model (1)
- agricultural landscapes (1)
- alignment sensitivity/specificity (1)
- alpha diversity (1)
- altered shoot branching (1)
- amino acid (1)
- ancestral area reconstruction (1)
- ancestral biogeographic region reconstruction (1)
- angiopoitin-like 4 (1)
- anhydrase CAH3 (1)
- animal movement (1)
- animal personality (1)
- antagonism (1)
- aphids (1)
- apical-basal axis (1)
- apoptosis (1)
- apple (1)
- aquatic ecosystem (1)
- aquatische Ökosysteme (1)
- arabidopsis (1)
- arabidopsis-thaliana (1)
- artificial transcription factor (1)
- artifizielle Transkriptionsfaktoren (1)
- asellota crustacea (1)
- assessment (1)
- association (1)
- associative learning (1)
- astrobiology (1)
- astrocytes (1)
- basal area increment (1)
- batch effect (1)
- behavior (1)
- behavioural syndrome (1)
- benzimidazoles (1)
- bias (1)
- bio-optical modeling (1)
- biocatalysis (1)
- biocompatibility (1)
- biodiversity change (1)
- biofilm (1)
- biological control (1)
- biological engineering (1)
- biomaterial characterization (1)
- biosensor (1)
- biosignatures (1)
- biotelemetry (1)
- biotic resistance (1)
- blood-brain-barrier (1)
- bone mimic (1)
- botanical gardens (1)
- brassinosteroid signaling (1)
- calcium phosphate (1)
- canalization (1)
- carbocatalysis (1)
- carbon allocation (1)
- carbon concentrating mechanism (1)
- carbon electrical collective properties (1)
- carbon labeling (1)
- carbonated apatite (1)
- cardiovascular biology (1)
- cardiovascular-disease (1)
- cells (1)
- ceramide (1)
- cerebral-cortex (1)
- cetaceans (1)
- chemotaxonomy (1)
- childhood (1)
- chimeric enzyme (1)
- chitin synthase (1)
- click chemistry (1)
- cloud (1)
- co2 concentrating mechanism (1)
- co2 concentration (1)
- coevolution (1)
- cold (1)
- combinatorial optimization (1)
- community (1)
- community assembly (1)
- community effect (1)
- computer tomography (1)
- conservation evaluation (1)
- conservation genetics (1)
- control region (1)
- corrinoid-containing enzymes (1)
- critical thermal maximum (1)
- cryptic species (1)
- crystal structure (1)
- cyanobacteria (1)
- cytokine release (1)
- data reduction (1)
- de novo hybrid assembly (1)
- deep-sea (1)
- defense (1)
- defensive symbiosis (1)
- demography (1)
- density-driven suppression (1)
- developmental plasticity (1)
- diagnostic (1)
- diallel (1)
- dielectric (1)
- disease (1)
- dissimilarities of plants (1)
- disturbance (1)
- disturbance regime (1)
- disturbed areas (1)
- diversity (1)
- dog (1)
- dominance (1)
- dwarf males (1)
- early warning system (1)
- eco-evolutionary experience (1)
- eco-physiology (1)
- ecoevolutionary dynamics (1)
- ecological genetics (1)
- ecological modelling (1)
- ecological speciation (1)
- ecosystems (1)
- efflux (1)
- electro-polymerization (1)
- electrochemical biosensor (1)
- elephantid evolution (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- endangered species (1)
- endemic lizard (1)
- endoparasites (1)
- energetic equivalence rule (1)
- energy-metabolism (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental DNA (1)
- environmental genomics (1)
- enzyme activities (1)
- enzymes (1)
- eukaryotes (1)
- evolutionary history (1)
- evolutionary rescue (1)
- exploitative competition (1)
- facilitation (1)
- fast and slow learner (1)
- fatty acid (1)
- fish (1)
- flux modeling (1)
- formaldehyde assimilation (1)
- freshwater (1)
- functional ecology (1)
- functional-structural plant model (1)
- fungal parasites (1)
- fungi (1)
- funktionelle Ökologie (1)
- gammarus crustacea (1)
- gastropoda (1)
- gene (1)
- gene flow (1)
- gene regulatory networks (1)
- gene responsiveness (1)
- gene-expression (1)
- genetic adaptation (1)
- genetic circuit (1)
- genetic diversity (1)
- genetic monitoring (1)
- genomics (1)
- genomics/proteomics (1)
- genotype data (1)
- geological evolution (1)
- glacial refuges (1)
- global and regional change (1)
- glucan (1)
- glycoprotein GP2 (1)
- green algae (1)
- growth of migrants (1)
- growth selection (1)
- habitability (1)
- habitat (1)
- hantavirus (1)
- hantavirus disease (1)
- haplotype reconstruction (1)
- heart-disease (1)
- heat (1)
- heat stress (1)
- heat tolerance (1)
- height of Turkish migrants (1)
- heparan sulfate (1)
- herbaceous layer (1)
- herpes simplex virus (1)
- heterogeneous catalysis (1)
- heterosis (1)
- hexamer (1)
- hidden markov model (1)
- high-throughput sequencing (1)
- historical ecology (1)
- home range selection (1)
- home-away effect (1)
- horizontal gene transfer (1)
- horizontaler Gentransfer (1)
- horticulture (1)
- hub genes (1)
- human introduction (1)
- hybrid breakdown (1)
- hybrid incompatibility (1)
- hybrid model (1)
- hybride Inkompatibilität (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hybridization capture (1)
- hydroxyapatite (1)
- hyena (1)
- hyperspectral measurements (1)
- illuminance (1)
- immobilization (1)
- immunoscreening (1)
- impacts (1)
- in-situ (1)
- inbreeding depression (1)
- indirubin-3-monoxime (1)
- individual differences (1)
- inducible defense (1)
- initiation (1)
- inland water (1)
- instrument (1)
- integrated assessments (1)
- inter- and intra-species interactions (1)
- interactions (1)
- interference competition (1)
- intransitivity (1)
- intraspecific diversity (1)
- intraspecific trait variation (1)
- introgression (1)
- invasion (1)
- inversion (1)
- inversions (1)
- invertebrates (1)
- kernel density estimation (1)
- killer whale (1)
- kinase pathway (1)
- kombinatorische Optimierung (1)
- laboratory practice (1)
- lake community (1)
- lake monitoring (1)
- langmuir monolayers (1)
- larch species (1)
- larval locomotion (1)
- last glacial maxima (1)
- leaf morphology (1)
- leptospirosis (1)
- life history (1)
- ligation cloning extract (1)
- light spectrum (1)
- lipid metabolism (1)
- lipoprotein-lipase (1)
- local adaptation (1)
- local convex hull (1)
- lumpy coexistence (1)
- lysosomal storage disorders (1)
- machine-learning (1)
- machinelearning (1)
- macrophytes (1)
- mammoth (1)
- management intensity (1)
- management zone (1)
- mecC (1)
- melanoma (1)
- memory (1)
- menopause (1)
- mental arithmetic (1)
- mental number line (1)
- metaanalysis (1)
- metabarcoding (1)
- metabolic engineering (1)
- metabolic syndrome (1)
- metabolic theory of ecology (1)
- metabolites (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- metagenomics 2.0 (1)
- metal-free (1)
- methylotrophy (1)
- microbial carbon turnover (1)
- microbial communities (1)
- microbial interactions (1)
- microorganisms (1)
- migration (1)
- mikrobielle Interaktionen (1)
- mikrobieller Kohlenstoffkreislauf (1)
- minimum convex polygon (1)
- mitochondrial dna sequences (1)
- mitochondrial genome (1)
- mitochondrial haplotypes (1)
- mitochondrial remodelling (1)
- mitosis (1)
- mixed cultures (1)
- model analysis (1)
- model coupling (1)
- model validation (1)
- model verification (1)
- modelling (1)
- molecular diversity (1)
- molecular evolution (1)
- molybdenum cofactor deficiency (1)
- molybdoenzyme (1)
- monoclonal antibodies (1)
- monoklonale Antikörper (1)
- morphogenesis (1)
- morphological similarities (1)
- motor competence (1)
- mould fungus (1)
- movemen ecology (1)
- mtDNA (1)
- multi-lake snapshot surveys (1)
- multi-trophic communities (1)
- multiple genes (1)
- multiple sclerosis (1)
- multiple sequence alignment (1)
- multivalent (1)
- nanocarbon materials (1)
- nanoparticles (1)
- naturalised plants (1)
- necrosis (1)
- neighbor correlation (1)
- nematodes (1)
- neogene (1)
- neuroinflammation (1)
- neutrality (1)
- nicht additiv (1)
- nocturnal epigeal insect (1)
- nonadditive (1)
- noncoding RNA (1)
- nondemonic intrusions (1)
- nonmodel species (1)
- normalized biomass size spectra (1)
- novelty (1)
- nucleosome remodelling (1)
- numerical cognition (1)
- nutrient stoichiometry (1)
- nutrition (1)
- of-function mutations (1)
- omics (1)
- organic matter (1)
- organisches Material (1)
- ornamental plants (1)
- outbreeding depression (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- palaeoecology (1)
- paleogenetics (1)
- paleontology (1)
- paleovegetation (1)
- parasitoid (1)
- partial correlation (1)
- participatory research (1)
- particle-associated bacteria (1)
- pathway engineering (1)
- pathways (1)
- pelagic and benthic lake habitats (1)
- permittivity (1)
- perylene quinone derivatives (1)
- petrous bone (1)
- pflanzliches Immunsystem (1)
- phage (1)
- phenotypic plasticity (1)
- phosphate (1)
- phosphoglucan (1)
- phosphoproteomics (1)
- phosphorylation (1)
- photocatalysis (1)
- photoelectrochemical sensor (1)
- phylogeny (1)
- physical and physiological dormancy (1)
- physical education (1)
- phytoplankton (1)
- phytoplankton ecology (1)
- planar polarity (1)
- planetary simulation (1)
- plant adaptation (1)
- plant architecture (1)
- plant community (1)
- plant ecology (1)
- plant functional traits (1)
- plant immune system (1)
- plant invasions (1)
- plant nurseries (1)
- plant-soil (belowground) interactions (1)
- plasma (1)
- plasmid (1)
- pneumococcal pneumonia (1)
- polycomb (1)
- polyglycerol (1)
- polymer brushes (1)
- polymer degradation (1)
- polymer-based biomaterials (1)
- polymorphism (1)
- polyuria/polydipsia (1)
- population (1)
- population genomics (1)
- population structure (1)
- positive selection (1)
- post-glacial recolonization (1)
- preadaptation (1)
- precision agriculture (1)
- predictive characterization tools (1)
- primary metabolism (1)
- principal component analysis (1)
- prokaryotes (1)
- promiscuous (1)
- protein and amino acid degradation (1)
- protein-protein interactions (1)
- proteins (1)
- quantum dots (1)
- radula (1)
- range distribution (1)
- range shifts (1)
- recognition (1)
- recombination (1)
- redox (1)
- reductive dehalogenase (1)
- regulation (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- resistance (1)
- resource selection (1)
- respiration (1)
- restoration (1)
- ribulose monophosphate cycle (1)
- risk (1)
- rodents (1)
- root gravitropism (1)
- rotifers (1)
- salinity (1)
- salmonella (1)
- salmonella typhimurium (1)
- secondary metabolite profiling (1)
- secular trend (1)
- sediment (1)
- seed mixtures (1)
- seed provisioning (1)
- seed quality (1)
- selection system (1)
- sensory system (1)
- sequencing (1)
- sexual reproduction (1)
- shell (1)
- shrew (1)
- single nucleotide polymorphism (1)
- sister species (1)
- size of organisms (1)
- skeletal breadth measurement (1)
- small-spored Alternaria fungi (1)
- social dominance (1)
- social growth adjustment (1)
- social identification (1)
- solar powered light-emitting diode (1)
- space use (1)
- space-for-time substitution (1)
- species divergence (1)
- species supersaturated assemblages (1)
- spectral irradiance (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- speed-accuracy trade-off (1)
- sphingosine kinase 1 (1)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (1)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (1)
- stabile Isotope Tracer (1)
- stable isotope tracer (1)
- starch granule surface (1)
- starch phosphorylation (1)
- stat 3 (1)
- stature (1)
- stunting (1)
- surface reflection (1)
- sustainability science (1)
- swimming modes (1)
- synchronization (1)
- synthetische Biologie (1)
- systematics (1)
- systems biology (1)
- taxonomic levels (1)
- temperament (1)
- the Consensus Model (1)
- time lag (1)
- tip growth (1)
- tonoplast (1)
- top-down control (1)
- tracking data (1)
- trade (1)
- trait adaptation (1)
- trait measurements (1)
- transcriptional memory (1)
- transcriptome (1)
- transcripts (1)
- transient dynamics (1)
- transmission (1)
- transport (1)
- tree-ring analysis (1)
- treeline (1)
- trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (1)
- trithorax (1)
- twin-arginine translocation (1)
- undernutrition (1)
- untargeted metabolomics (1)
- vacuole integrity (1)
- variance (1)
- variant detection (1)
- variation (1)
- vector system (1)
- vegetation (1)
- vegetation modeling (1)
- vegetation resurvey (1)
- vegetation-climate feedbacks (1)
- vertical transmission (1)
- veränderte Triebverzweigung (1)
- vitamin B-12 (1)
- vitamin D-binding protein (1)
- water dikinase (1)
- weeds (1)
- wheat (1)
- white light (1)
- wood anemone (1)
- x-ray crystallography (1)
- zinc fingers (1)
- Ökophysiologie (1)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (325) (remove)
A balance to death
(2018)
Leaf senescence plays a crucial role in nutrient recovery in late-stage plant development and requires vast transcriptional reprogramming by transcription factors such as ORESARA1 (ORE1). A proteolytic mechanism is now found to control ORE1 degradation, and thus senescence, during nitrogen starvation.
Ecological communities are complex adaptive systems that exhibit remarkable feedbacks between their biomass and trait dynamics. Trait-based aggregate models cope with this complexity by focusing on the temporal development of the community’s aggregate properties such as its total biomass, mean trait and trait variance. They are based on particular assumptions about the shape of the underlying trait distribution, which is commonly assumed to be normal. However, ecologically important traits are usually restricted to a finite range, and empirical trait distributions are often skewed or multimodal. As a result, normal distribution-based aggregate models may fail to adequately represent the biomass and trait dynamics of natural communities. We resolve this mismatch by developing a new moment closure approach assuming the trait values to be beta-distributed. We show that the beta distribution captures important shape properties of both observed and simulated trait distributions, which cannot be captured by a Gaussian. We further demonstrate that a beta distribution-based moment closure can strongly enhance the reliability of trait-based aggregate models. We compare the biomass, mean trait and variance dynamics of a full trait distribution (FD) model to the ones of beta (BA) and normal (NA) distribution-based aggregate models, under different selection regimes. This way, we demonstrate under which general conditions (stabilizing, fluctuating or disruptive selection) different aggregate models are reliable tools. All three models predicted very similar biomass and trait dynamics under stabilizing selection yielding unimodal trait distributions with small standing trait variation. We also obtained an almost perfect match between the results of the FD and BA models under fluctuating selection, promoting skewed trait distributions and ongoing oscillations in the biomass and trait dynamics. In contrast, the NA model showed unrealistic trait dynamics and exhibited different alternative stable states, and thus a high sensitivity to initial conditions under fluctuating selection. Under disruptive selection, both aggregate models failed to reproduce the results of the FD model with the mean trait values remaining within their ecologically feasible ranges in the BA model but not in the NA model. Overall, a beta distribution-based moment closure strongly improved the realism of trait-based aggregate models.
Home range estimation is routine practice in ecological research. While advances in animal tracking technology have increased our capacity to collect data to support home range analysis, these same advances have also resulted in increasingly autocorrelated data. Consequently, the question of which home range estimator to use on modern, highly autocorrelated tracking data remains open. This question is particularly relevant given that most estimators assume independently sampled data. Here, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of autocorrelation on home range estimation. We base our study on an extensive data set of GPS locations from 369 individuals representing 27 species distributed across five continents. We first assemble a broad array of home range estimators, including Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) with four bandwidth optimizers (Gaussian reference function, autocorrelated‐Gaussian reference function [AKDE], Silverman's rule of thumb, and least squares cross‐validation), Minimum Convex Polygon, and Local Convex Hull methods. Notably, all of these estimators except AKDE assume independent and identically distributed (IID) data. We then employ half‐sample cross‐validation to objectively quantify estimator performance, and the recently introduced effective sample size for home range area estimation ( N̂ area
) to quantify the information content of each data set. We found that AKDE 95% area estimates were larger than conventional IID‐based estimates by a mean factor of 2. The median number of cross‐validated locations included in the hold‐out sets by AKDE 95% (or 50%) estimates was 95.3% (or 50.1%), confirming the larger AKDE ranges were appropriately selective at the specified quantile. Conversely, conventional estimates exhibited negative bias that increased with decreasing N̂ area. To contextualize our empirical results, we performed a detailed simulation study to tease apart how sampling frequency, sampling duration, and the focal animal's movement conspire to affect range estimates. Paralleling our empirical results, the simulation study demonstrated that AKDE was generally more accurate than conventional methods, particularly for small N̂ area. While 72% of the 369 empirical data sets had >1,000 total observations, only 4% had an N̂ area >1,000, where 30% had an N̂ area <30. In this frequently encountered scenario of small N̂ area, AKDE was the only estimator capable of producing an accurate home range estimate on autocorrelated data.
Pneumonia is one of the most common and potentially lethal infectious conditions worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the pathogen most frequently associated with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia, while Legionella pneumophila is the major cause for local outbreaks of legionellosis. Both pathogens can be difficult to diagnose since signs and symptoms are nonspecific and do not differ from other causes of pneumonia. Therefore, a rapid diagnosis within a clinically relevant time is essential for a fast onset of the proper treatment. Although methods based on polymerase chain reaction significantly improved the identification of pathogens, they are difficult to conduct and need specialized equipment. We describe a rapid and sensitive test using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification and detection on a disposable test strip. This method does not require any special instrumentation and can be performed in less than 20 min. The analytical sensitivity in the multiplex assay amplifying specific regions of S. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila simultaneously was 10 CFUs of genomic DNA per reaction. In cross detection studies with closely related strains and other bacterial agents the specificity of the RPA was confirmed. The presented method is applicable for near patient and field testing with a rather simple routine and the possibility for a read out with the naked eye.
Allometric trophic network (ATN) models offer high flexibility and scalability while minimizing the number of parameters and have been successfully applied to investigate complex food web dynamics and their influence on food web diversity and stability. However, the realism of ATN model energetics has never been assessed in detail, despite their critical influence on dynamic biomass and production patterns. Here, we compare the energetics of the currently established original ATN model, considering only biomass-dependent basal respiration, to an extended ATN model version, considering both basal and assimilation-dependent activity respiration. The latter is crucial in particular for unicellular and invertebrate organisms which dominate the metabolism of pelagic and soil food webs. Based on metabolic scaling laws, we show that the extended ATN version reflects the energy transfer through a chain of four trophic levels of unicellular and invertebrate organisms more realistically than the original ATN version. Depending on the strength of top-down control, the original ATN model yields trophic transfer efficiencies up to 71% at either the third or the fourth trophic level, which considerably exceeds any realistic values. In contrast, the extended ATN version yields realistic trophic transfer efficiencies 30% at all trophic levels, in accordance with both physiological considerations and empirical evidence from pelagic systems. Our results imply that accounting for activity respiration is essential for consistently implementing the metabolic theory of ecology in ATN models and for improving their quantitative predictions, which makes them more powerful tools for investigating the dynamics of complex natural communities.
Carbon nanomaterials doped with some other lightweight elements were recently described as powerful, heterogeneous, metal-free organocatalysts, adding to their high performance in electrocatalysis. Here, recent observations in traditional catalysis are reviewed, and the underlying reaction mechanisms of the catalyzed organic transformations are explored. In some cases, these are due to specific active functional sites, but more generally the catalytic activity relates to collective properties of the conjugated nanocarbon frameworks and the electron transfer from and to the catalytic centers and substrates. It is shown that the !earnings are tightly related to those of electrocatalysis; i.e., the search for better electrocatalysts also improves chemocatalysis, and vice versa. Carbon-carbon heterojunction effects and some perspectives on future possibilities are discussed at the end.
Methodological and technological advances have recently paved the way for metabolic flux profiling in higher organisms, like plants. However, in comparison with omics technologies, flux profiling has yet to provide comprehensive differential flux maps at a genome-scale and in different cell types, tissues, and organs. Here we highlight the recent advances in technologies to gather metabolic labeling patterns and flux profiling approaches. We provide an opinion of how recent local flux profiling approaches can be used in conjunction with the constraint-based modeling framework to arrive at genome-scale flux maps. In addition, we point at approaches which use metabolomics data without introduction of label to predict either non-steady state fluxes in a time-series experiment or flux changes in different experimental scenarios. The combination of these developments allows an experimentally feasible approach for flux-based large-scale systems biology studies.
Because of political conflicts and climate change, migration will be increased worldwide and integration in host societies is a challenge also for migrants. We hypothesize that migrants, who take up the challenge in a new social environment are taller than migrants who do not pose this challenge. We analyze by a questionnaire possible social, nutritional and ethnic influencing factors to body height (BH) of adult offspring of Turkish migrants (n = 82, 39 males) aged from 18 to 34 years (mean age 24.6 years). The results of multiple regression (downward selection) show that the more a male adult offspring of Turkish migrants feels like belonging to the Turkish culture, the smaller he is (95% CI, -3.79, -0.323). Further, the more a male adult offspring of Turkish migrants feels like belonging to the German culture, the taller he is (95% CI, -0.152, 1.738). We discussed it comparable to primates taking up their challenge in dominance, where as a result their body size increase is associated with higher IGF-1 level. IGF-1 is associated with emotional belonging and has a fundamental role in the regulation of metabolism and growth of the human body. With all pilot characteristics of our study results show that the successful challenge of integration in a new society is strongly associated with the emotional integration and identification in the sense of a personal sense of belonging to society. We discuss taller BH as a signal of social growth adjustment. In this sense, a secular trend of BH adaptation of migrants to hosts is a sign of integration.
Background: Flooding during seasonal monsoons affects millions of hectares of rice-cultivated areas across Asia. Submerged rice plants die within a week due to lack of oxygen, light and excessive elongation growth to escape the water. Submergence tolerance was first reported in an aus-type rice landrace, FR13A, and the ethylene-responsive transcription factor (TF) gene SUB1A-1 was identified as the major tolerance gene. Intolerant rice varieties generally lack the SUB1A gene but some intermediate tolerant varieties, such as IR64, carry the allelic variant SUB1A-2. Differential effects of the two alleles have so far not been addressed. As a first step, we have therefore quantified and compared the expression of nearly 2500 rice TF genes between IR64 and its derived tolerant near isogenic line IR64-Sub1, which carries the SUB1A-1 allele. Gene expression was studied in internodes, where the main difference in expression between the two alleles was previously shown. Results: Nineteen and twenty-six TF genes were identified that responded to submergence in IR64 and IR64-Sub1, respectively. Only one gene was found to be submergence-responsive in both, suggesting different regulatory pathways under submergence in the two genotypes. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly included MYB, NAC, TIFY and Zn-finger TFs, and most genes were downregulated upon submergence. In IR64, but not in IR64-Sub1, SUB1B and SUB1C, which are also present in the Sub1 locus, were identified as submergence responsive. Four TFs were not submergence responsive but exhibited constitutive, genotype-specific differential expression. Most of the identified submergence responsive DEGs are associated with regulatory hormonal pathways, i.e. gibberellins (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA), apart from ethylene. An in-silico promoter analysis of the two genotypes revealed the presence of allele-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms, giving rise to ABRE, DRE/CRT, CARE and Site II cis-elements, which can partly explain the observed differential TF gene expression. Conclusion: This study identified new gene targets with the potential to further enhance submergence tolerance in rice and provides insights into novel aspects of SUB1A-mediated tolerance.
Remote sensing, which is a common method to examine land-use/land-cover (LULC) changes, could be useful in the analysis of livestock ecosystem transformations. In the last two decades, before Landsat images were free, developing countries could not afford monitoring through remote sensing because of the high cost of acquiring satellite imagery and commercial software. However, Landsat time series nowadays allows the characterization of changes in vegetation across large areas over time. The aim of this study is to analyse the LULC changes affecting forest frontiers and traditional silvopastoral systems (TSPS) in a representative livestock area of Nicaragua. Nearly cloud-free Landsat scenes - a Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) scene from 1986 and a Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) scene from 2015 - have been the data sets used in the study. A process chain following a four-step definition of the remote-sensing process was conceptually developed and implemented based onfree open source software components and by applying the random forest (RF) algorithm. A conceptual LULC classification scheme representing TSPS was developed. Although the imagery shows a heterogeneous surface cover and mixed pixels, it is possible to achieve promising classification results with the RF algorithm with out-of-the-bag (OOB) errors below 13% for both images along with an overall accuracy level of 85.9% for the 2015 subset and 85.2% for the 1986 subset. The classification shows that from 1986 to 2015 (29years) the intervened secondary forest (ISF) increased 2.6 times, whereas the degraded pastures decreased by 34.5%. The livestock landscape in Matiguas is in a state of constant transformation, but the main changes head towards the positive direction of tree-cover recovery and an increased number of areas of natural regeneration.
This article describes the synthesis of anionic polymer brushes and their mineralization with calcium phosphate. The brushes are based on poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt) providing a highly charged polymer brush surface. Homogeneous brushes with reproducible thicknesses are obtained via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Mineralization with doubly concentrated simulated body fluid yields polymer/inorganic hybrid films containing AB-Type carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAP), a material resembling the inorganic component of bone. Moreover, growth experiments using Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae demonstrate that the mineral-free and the mineral-containing polymer brushes have a good biocompatibility suggesting their use as biocompatible surfaces in implantology or related fields.
Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons (AsHCs), a subgroup of arsenolipids found in fish and algae, elicit substantial toxic effects in various human cell lines and have a considerable impact on cellular energy levels. The underlying mode of action, however, is still unknown. The present study analyzes the effects of two AsHCs (AsHC 332 and AsHC 360) on the expression of 44 genes covering DNA repair, stress response, cell death, autophagy, and epigenetics via RT-qPCR in human liver (HepG2) cells. Both AsHCs affected the gene expression, but to different extents. After treatment with AsHC 360, flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 (FEN1) as well as xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein (XPA) and (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) showed time- and concentration-dependent alterations in gene expression, thereby indicating an impact on genomic stability. In the subsequent analysis of epigenetic markers, within 72 h, neither AsHC 332 nor AsHC 360 showed an impact on the global DNA methylation level, whereas incubation with AsHC 360 increased the global DNA hydroxymethylation level. Analysis of cell extracts and cell media by HPLC-mass spectrometry revealed that both AsHCs were considerably biotransformed. The identified metabolites include not only the respective thioxo-analogs of the two AsHCs, but also several arsenic-containing fatty acids and fatty alcohols, contributing to our knowledge of biotransformation mechanisms of arsenolipids.
As tall as my peers
(2018)
Background: We define migrants as people who move from their place of birth to a new place of residence. Migration usually is directed by "Push-Pull" factors, for example to escape from poor living conditions or to find more prosperous socio-economic conditions. Migrant children tend to assimilate quickly, and soon perceive themselves as peers within their new social networks. Differences exist between growth of first generation and second generation migrants. Methods: We review body heights and height distributions of historic and modern migrant populations to test two hypotheses: 1) that migrant and adopted children coming from lower social status localities to higher status localities adjust their height growth toward the mean of the dominant recipient social network, and 2) social dominant colonial and military migrants display growth that significantly surpasses the median height of both the conquered population and the population of origin. Our analytical framework also considered social networks. Recent publications indicate that spatial connectedness (community effects) and social competitiveness can affect human growth. Results: Migrant children and adolescents of lower social status rapidly adjust in height towards average height of their hosts, but tend to mature earlier, and are prone to overweight. The mean height of colonial/military migrants does surpass that of the conquered and origin population. Conclusion: Observations on human social networks, non-human animal strategic growth adjustments, and competitive growth processes strengthen the concept of social connectedness being involved in the regulation of human migrant growth.
The post-mortem accumulation of the heme biosynthesis metabolite zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) in porcine muscle is associated with both a meat-inherent and a bacterial enzymatic reaction during meat storage. To estimate the bacterial impact on ZnPP formation, meat and meat-like media were investigated by HPLC-FLD (and MALDI-TOF-MS) after inoculation with a representative microorganism (P. fluorescens). Results indicate the principal ability of meat-inherent bacteria to form ZnPP in meat extracts and meat-like media, but not on the meat muscle. Thus it was concluded that the ZnPP formation in meat is due to a meat-inherent enzymatic reaction induced by porcine ferrochelatase (FECH), while the bacterial (FECH) induced reaction seems to be not significant.
In angiosperms, the gynoecium is the last structure to develop within the flower due to the determinate fate of floral meristem (FM) stem cells. The maintenance of stem cell activity before its arrest at the stage called FM termination affects the number of carpels that develop. The necessary inhibition at this stage of WUSCHEL (WUS), which is responsible for stem cell maintenance, involves a two-step mechanism. Direct repression mediated by the MADS domain transcription factor AGAMOUS (AG), followed by indirect repression requiring the C2H2 zinc-finger protein KNUCKLES (KNU), allow for the complete termination of floral stem cell activity. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana MINI ZINC FINGER2 (AtMIF2) and its homolog in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), INHIBITOR OF MERISTEM ACTIVITY (SlIMA), participate in the FM termination process by functioning as adaptor proteins. AtMIF2 and SlIMA recruit AtKNU and SlKNU, respectively, to form a transcriptional repressor complex together with TOPLESS and HISTONE DEACETYLASE19. AtMIF2 and SlIMA bind to the WUS and SIWUS loci in the respective plants, leading to their repression. These results provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms governing (FM) termination and highlight the essential role of AtMIF2/SlIMA during this developmental step, which determines carpel number and therefore fruit size.
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition on petals enhances seed quality of the forest herb Anemone nemorosa
(2018)
Elevated atmospheric input of nitrogen (N) is currently affecting plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The growth and survival of numerous plant species is known to respond strongly to N fertilisation. Yet, few studies have assessed the effects of N deposition on seed quality and reproductive performance, which is an important life-history stage of plants. Here we address this knowledge gap by assessing the effects of atmospheric N deposition on seed quality of the ancient forest herb Anemone nemorosa using two complementary approaches. By taking advantage of the wide spatiotemporal variation in N deposition rates in pan-European temperate and boreal forests over 2years, we detected positive effects of N deposition on the N concentration (percentage N per unit seed mass, increased from 2.8% to 4.1%) and N content (total N mass per seed more than doubled) of A.nemorosa seeds. In a complementary experiment, we applied ammonium nitrate to aboveground plant tissues and the soil surface to determine whether dissolved N sources in precipitation could be incorporated into seeds. Although the addition of N to leaves and the soil surface had no effect, a concentrated N solution applied to petals during anthesis resulted in increased seed mass, seed N concentration and N content. Our results demonstrate that N deposition on the petals enhances bioaccumulation of N in the seeds of A.nemorosa. Enhanced atmospheric inputs of N can thus not only affect growth and population dynamics via root or canopy uptake, but can also influence seed quality and reproduction via intake through the inflorescences.
Polar nuclear migration is crucial during the development of diverse eukaryotes. In plants, root hair growth requires polar nuclear migration into the outgrowing hair. However, knowledge about the dynamics and the regulatory mechanisms underlying nuclear movements in root epidermal cells remains limited. Here, we show that both auxin and Rho-of-Plant (ROP) signaling modulate polar nuclear position at the inner epidermal plasma membrane domain oriented to the cortical cells during cell elongation as well as subsequent polar nuclear movement to the outer domain into the emerging hair bulge in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Auxin signaling via the nuclear AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR7 (ARF7)/ARF19 and INDOLE ACETIC ACID7 pathway ensures correct nuclear placement toward the inner membrane domain. Moreover, precise inner nuclear placement relies on SPIKE1 Rho-GEF, SUPERCENTIPEDE1 Rho-GDI, and ACTIN7 (ACT7) function and to a lesser extent on VTI11 vacuolar SNARE activity. Strikingly, the directionality and/or velocity of outer polar nuclear migration into the hair outgrowth along actin strands also are ACT7 dependent, auxin sensitive, and regulated by ROP signaling. Thus, our findings provide a founding framework revealing auxin and ROP signaling of inner polar nuclear position with some contribution by vacuolar morphology and of actin-dependent outer polar nuclear migration in root epidermal hair cells.
Bacteriophage research is gaining more importance due to increasing antibiotic resistance. However, for treatment with bacteriophages, diagnostics have to be improved. Bacteriophages carry adhesion proteins, which bind to the bacterial cell surface, for example tailspike proteins (TSP) for specific recognition of bacterial O-antigen polysaccharide. TSP are highly stable proteins and thus might be suitable components for the integration into diagnostic tools. We used the TSP of bacteriophage Sf6 to establish two applications for detecting Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri), a highly contagious pathogen causing dysentery. We found that Sf6TSP not only bound O-antigen of S. flexneri serotype Y, but also the glucosylated O-antigen of serotype 2a. Moreover, mass spectrometry glycan analyses showed that Sf6TSP tolerated various O-acetyl modifications on these O-antigens. We established a microtiter plate-based ELISA like tailspike adsorption assay (ELITA) using a Strep-tag®II modified Sf6TSP. As sensitive screening alternative we produced a fluorescently labeled Sf6TSP via coupling to an environment sensitive dye. Binding of this probe to the S. flexneri O-antigen Y elicited a fluorescence intensity increase of 80% with an emission maximum in the visible light range. The Sf6TSP probes thus offer a promising route to a highly specific and sensitive bacteriophage TSP-based Shigella detection system.
Bacteriophage research is gaining more importance due to increasing antibiotic resistance. However, for treatment with bacteriophages, diagnostics have to be improved. Bacteriophages carry adhesion proteins, which bind to the bacterial cell surface, for example tailspike proteins (TSP) for specific recognition of bacterial O-antigen polysaccharide. TSP are highly stable proteins and thus might be suitable components for the integration into diagnostic tools. We used the TSP of bacteriophage Sf6 to establish two applications for detecting Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri), a highly contagious pathogen causing dysentery. We found that Sf6TSP not only bound O-antigen of S. flexneri serotype Y, but also the glucosylated O-antigen of serotype 2a. Moreover, mass spectrometry glycan analyses showed that Sf6TSP tolerated various O-acetyl modifications on these O-antigens. We established a microtiter plate-based ELISA like tailspike adsorption assay (ELITA) using a Strep-tag®II modified Sf6TSP. As sensitive screening alternative we produced a fluorescently labeled Sf6TSP via coupling to an environment sensitive dye. Binding of this probe to the S. flexneri O-antigen Y elicited a fluorescence intensity increase of 80% with an emission maximum in the visible light range. The Sf6TSP probes thus offer a promising route to a highly specific and sensitive bacteriophage TSP-based Shigella detection system.