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The results of numerical modeling by using the global upper atmosphere model of the Earth (UAM) for reproducing the peak F2 layer electron density (N (m) F2) and total electron content (TEC) during recovery period after the magnetic storm of the April 15-20, 2002 are discussed. According to the simulations, the time it takes to reach a stationary regime of N (m) F2 and TEC diurnal variations is 24 hours, much shorter then the plasmasphere refilling time. The results are compared with the predictions of the IRI-2007 empirical model and GPS data on the TEC and found in good quantitative agreement for the latitudinal variations of N (m) F2 and TEC for daytime conditions in the southern hemisphere. The worst agreement occurs in the region of the main ionospheric trough.
The main morphological features of variations of the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere before the earthquakes on March 11, 2011 (Japan) and October 23, 2011 (Turkey) are examined. The revealed features are compared to those of ionospheric TEC disturbances observed prior to several other large seismic events, as well as to those included in a list of the most frequently observed ionospheric TEC disturbances interpreted as possible ionospheric precursors of earthquakes. It is shown that, in the periods of preparation of the earthquakes under consideration, on March 8-11 and October 20-23, abnormal ionospheric TEC disturbances were observed as long-lived structures in a near-epicentral region and in the region magnetically conjugated to it.