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State, administration and governance in Germany: competing traditions and dominant narratives
(2003)
The nation-state in question
(2004)
Weï re here, weï re queer, and weï re not going shopping! : queering space : Interventionen im Raum
(2004)
Introduction and Preview
(2004)
Confounding is one of the major types of bias encountered in observational epidemiologic surveys designed to study the relation between an exposure factor and a health event. A common way to remove confounding bias during the statistical analysis phase is to adjust for the confounders in a regression model. If a confounding factor is assessed as a continuous variable, it is necessary to define how the variable is entered into the regression model. In the case of logistic regression, we illustrate through simulation that coding by a binary variable or a categorical variable with broad categories may lead to substantial residual confounding. Specific approaches can be used to define a coding method that limits residual confounding. Among these, we briefly present nonparametric approaches and describe in detail several semiparametric approaches (generalised partial linear models, spline regression and fractional polynomials). These can be used to estimate the relation between a continuous factor and the health event of interest by a smooth non pre-specified function. In semiparametric models, the effect of certain covariates is coded by a parametric function, whereas the coding of one or two continuous variables is represented by a nonparametric function. These models can be used in exploratory analyses to describe dose-effect relations between the confounder and the health event, and thus help to define a relevant coding for the confounder
While the notion of governance has received considerable scholarly attention, much less is known about change, and its sources, across modes of governance within respective policy domains. This article explores these neglected issues in two policy domains characterized by multi-level governance characteristics: Land (state)- local relationships in the domain of building administration and relationships governing the prisons domain in Germany. It does so in three steps. First, the article explores governance and considers endogenous and exogenous sources of change. Second, it discusses the institutional arrangements in the two domains and analyses modes of governance and their change. Third, the article compares the different dynamics of change and links these findings to wider debates regarding change across and within modes of governance. The analysis of the two domains suggests that 'hunting around' effects (i.e. permanent instability) are less prominent than suggested by cultural theory, while external pressures for change are filtered by the preferences of the actors within the respective domains
The era of public management change is said to challenge traditional "command and control" modes of governance, encouraging a move toward either more informal forms of (co-) governance or market-type incentives and competition. Regardless of whether these claims are made by reform advocates or by more sceptical observers within the wider governance debate, less attention has been paid by either side on the mechanisms that are supposed to facilitate the spread of new forms of control. This article seeks to advance this state of affairs in two ways. First, it utilizes the notion of institutional isomorphism to explore the nature of change of modes of control. In particular, it assesses the mechanisms for change, whether control mechanisms are changing due to coercive, mimetic, or professional mechanisms. Second, it explores the impact of these mechanisms in the federal context of Germany in two policy domains, prison and local government supervision (in the field of building administration). Finally, this article suggests that cultural theory offers considerable insights for the study of institutional isomorphism by emphasizing conflicting worldviews and the diversity of related policy ideas as driving forces of change in modes of governance
The article structually estimates an on-the-job search model of job separations. Given each employer pays observably equivalent workers the same but wages are dispersed across employers, an employer's separation flow is the sum of an exogenous outflow unrelated to the wage and a job-to-job flow that decreases with the employer's wage. Using data from the Danish Integrated Database for Labour Market Research, the empirical results imply, as predicted by theory, that search effort declines with the wage. Furthermore, the estimates explain the employment effect, defined as the horizontal difference between the distribution of wages earned and the wage offer distribution
Previous research has documented only a modest success rate for imposed sanctions. By contrast, the success rate is higher in cases that are settled at the threat stage. In this article, the authors provide new insights about the circumstances under which sanctions cause behavioral change only after being imposed. First, the target must initially underestimate the impact of sanctions, miscalculate the sender's determination to impose them, or wrongly believe that sanctions will be imposed and maintained whether it yields or not. Second, the target's misperceptions must be corrected after sanctions are imposed. A game-theoretical model with incomplete information is used to develop and clarify the argument
Charles Horton Cooley
(2005)
Queer Studies
(2005)
The article departs from the discussion of the Sources of the scholar interest in civil societv and proceeds to the functional expectations about it. It claims that the concept of civil society, as it is frequently used in scientific and political debates, has specific cultural roots, which makcs a trans-cultural analysis difficult or perhaps even impossible. Furthermore, the article addresses three conceptual problems of civil society, namely the issue of what constitutes civil society, its autonomy and impact as well as the challenge of civil society to the state. The central argument of the article is that in order to examine the impact of civil society on governance and democracy, it is recommendable to include three levels of analysis, namely the structure and functions of civil society (including also the possibly negative impact of civil society), the type of state co-existing with civil society as well as the character of the relationship between state and civil society
Conclusions : Governance and Democracy at the Local Level - Structures, Processes and Tensions
(2007)
Introduction
(2007)
New Regional Identities and Strategic Essentialism : Case studies from Poland, Italy and Germany
(2007)
Regional identity has become an important issue in debate on current changes in Europe. However, that has happened at a time when many scientists and some social movements adopt critical stances regarding the concept of identity. This paradox encourages the authors to explore current discourses on regions and regional identity. Major questions are:- What do current discourses on regional identity look like? - Is there any relationship of current projects, institutionalisations and discussions of regional iden-tity with the criticisms of the notion of collective identity? - Do current projects and debates of regional identity pay attention to problems pointed out by such criticism (for example the relationship to the "other", i.e. those who are culturally different)? Key features of the book include:- Case studies on regions in Poland (;wi;tokrzyskie, ;l;skie and Warmi;sko-Mazurskie), Italy (Trentino-South Tyrol, Friuli Venezia Giulia and Veneto) and Germany (Brandenburg including its relation to the city-state Berlin).- Accounts of nation state contexts and current developments in regionalisation, regionalism and federalisation debate.- Thorough exploration of fields most important to the shaping of regional identity (school, regional media, representations of history, regional politics...). - Demonstration of much variation in discourses and projects of regional identity.- Reflections on strategic essentialism and heuristic use of that concept.The authors - sociologists from Warsaw, Trento, Bolzano and Potsdam - collaborated in a project which was funded by the Volkswagen Foundation in its initiative "How do we perceive or shape 'foreign' and 'native' cultural identities? Research on processes of intercultural dissociation, media-tion and identity-shaping"."New regional identities and strategic essentialism" appeals to readers interested in current European regionalism and regionalisation as well as to those more inclined to examine general questions of collective identity coming especially from sociology, political science, social geography, regional sciences, contemporary history, social anthropology or cultural studies.