Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (201) (remove)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Monograph/Edited Volume (48)
- Working Paper (47)
- Doctoral Thesis (44)
- Postprint (26)
- Article (16)
- Report (7)
- Part of a Book (6)
- Master's Thesis (4)
- Bachelor Thesis (1)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Language
- English (201) (remove)
Keywords
- experiment (6)
- Cayley Graph (5)
- Entrepreneurship (5)
- Free Group (5)
- entrepreneurship (5)
- Collatz (4)
- Reachability (4)
- cooperation (4)
- Arbeitslosigkeit (3)
- Arbeitsmarktpolitik (3)
- Collatz Conjecture (3)
- Dezentralisierung (3)
- creativity (3)
- good governance (3)
- AMNET (2)
- Arbeitssuchverhalten (2)
- Aufgabenerfüllung (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Decentralization (2)
- Deep Learning (2)
- Delphi study (2)
- Digitale Transformation (2)
- Digitalisierung (2)
- Double Colored Edges (2)
- EU (2)
- Einnahmenautonomie (2)
- Energie (2)
- Evaluation (2)
- Expenditure Assignment (2)
- Finanzzuweisungen (2)
- Fiscal Federalism (2)
- Fiskalischer Föderalismus (2)
- Gas (2)
- Gewerkschaften (2)
- Graph (2)
- Gründungsförderung (2)
- Innovation (2)
- Intergovernmental transfers (2)
- Kooperation (2)
- Korruption (2)
- Kreativität (2)
- Kultur (2)
- Mikrokredite (2)
- Mikroökonometrie (2)
- Propensity Score Matching (2)
- Public Service Motivation (2)
- Revenue Autonomy (2)
- Rohstoffe (2)
- Russia (2)
- Russland (2)
- State Machine (2)
- Technologiebewertung (2)
- ad hoc learning (2)
- ad hoc messaging network (2)
- bibliometric analysis (2)
- decentralization (2)
- digital transformation (2)
- e-learning platform (2)
- energy (2)
- evolutionary economics (2)
- fiscal federalism (2)
- fiscal policy (2)
- gas (2)
- labor market policy (2)
- propensity score matching (2)
- resources (2)
- revenue sharing (2)
- simulation (2)
- tax reform (2)
- tuition fees (2)
- unemployment (2)
- 3D printing (1)
- ARCH (1)
- ARIMA Models (1)
- ARMA Processes (1)
- Abduktion (1)
- Affordances (1)
- African states (1)
- Afrikanische Staaten (1)
- Aktienmarkt (1)
- Aktionsfallstudie (1)
- Aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik (1)
- Antipersistence (1)
- Arbeit von zu Hause (1)
- Arbeitslosenversicherung (1)
- Arbeitssuche (1)
- Arbeitszufriedenheit (1)
- Armutsbekämpfungsprogramme (1)
- Attitude (1)
- Attitude change (1)
- Augmented reality (1)
- Australia (1)
- Australien (1)
- Autocorrelation (1)
- Autokorrelation (1)
- Außenwirtschaftstheorie (1)
- Balance (1)
- Bank (1)
- Bankenregulierung (1)
- Bankkonto (1)
- Barriers (1)
- Bayes (1)
- Bayes'sches Lernen (1)
- Bayesian Network (1)
- Bayesian Value-at-Risk (1)
- Bayesian learning (1)
- Bayesianischer Value-at-Risk (1)
- Bayesianisches Netzwerk (1)
- Bayesianism (1)
- Bayesianismus (1)
- Behavioralistische Verwaltungswissenschaft (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Beveridge-Nelson Decomposition (1)
- Bewässerung (1)
- Bibliometrics (1)
- Bilanz (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Binary Tree (1)
- Blockchain (1)
- Blockchain Governance (1)
- Blockchains (1)
- Bolivian economy (1)
- Bologna process (1)
- Business Grow (1)
- Bürger-Staat-Interaktionen (1)
- Bürgerbeteiligung (1)
- CSR (1)
- Cars (1)
- Central Banking Policy (1)
- Change-Management (1)
- Climate Change Mitigation (1)
- Coaching (1)
- Consumer research (1)
- Consumption (1)
- Corporate Foresight (1)
- Corruption (1)
- Crowdsourcing (1)
- Cultural entrepreneurship (1)
- Cycle (1)
- Cyclic Group (1)
- Datenmonetarisierung (1)
- Datenschutz (1)
- Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) (1)
- Datenschutzmanagement (1)
- Datenverwendung (1)
- Delphi method (1)
- Dempster-Shafer-Theorie (1)
- Dempster–Shafer theory (1)
- Deutschland (1)
- Dichteeffekte (1)
- Digital Health (1)
- Digital Inclusion (1)
- Digital Platforms (1)
- Digital Transformation (1)
- Digitale Gesundheit (1)
- Digitale Inklusion (1)
- Digitale Plattformen (1)
- Digitalization (1)
- Digitalstrategie (1)
- Doppik (1)
- Dynamic Capabilities (1)
- EFRAG (1)
- EU regional policy (1)
- EU-Regionalpolitik (1)
- Earnings (1)
- East African Community (1)
- Economics (1)
- Edongenous Economic Growth (1)
- Education (1)
- Effektheterogenität (1)
- Einkommensverteilung (1)
- Einstellung (1)
- Einstellungsforschung (1)
- Einstellungsänderung (1)
- Einwanderung (1)
- Employment (1)
- Endogenes Wirtschaftswachstum (1)
- Engagement für die Führungskraft (1)
- Entrepreneur (1)
- Entwicklungsökonomik (1)
- Erbringung von Verwaltungsleistungen (1)
- Euro (1)
- Euro-Financial-Crisis (1)
- Euro-Finanzkrise (1)
- European integration (1)
- Europäische Integration (1)
- Evaluation aktiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik (1)
- Evaluierung der Steuerpolitik (1)
- Evidenztheorie (1)
- Evolutorische Ökonomik (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Expert Elicitation (1)
- Expertenbefragung (1)
- Fertigungstechnologien (1)
- Finanzielle Performance (1)
- Finanzmärkte (1)
- Fintech (1)
- Fiscal decentralisation (1)
- Fiskalpolitik (1)
- Flüchtlinge (1)
- Fragmentierung (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- Futures Research (1)
- GARCH (1)
- Geld (1)
- General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (1)
- Geographical mobility (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschäftsmodell (1)
- Geschäftsmodellinnovation (1)
- Geschäftsprozessmodellierung (1)
- Gesundheit (1)
- Governance (1)
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions (1)
- Gründungsfinanzierung (1)
- Gründungszuschuss (1)
- Hanoi (1)
- Health (1)
- Health insurance (1)
- IASB (1)
- IASP Program of the DAAD (1)
- Immigration (1)
- Impact (1)
- Impact Investing (1)
- Inequalities (1)
- Inflation (1)
- Innovationen in den Städten (1)
- Innovationsmanagement (1)
- Institution (1)
- Instrumental Variables (1)
- Interaktion (1)
- Intergenerational Mobility (1)
- Intergenerationale Mobilität (1)
- Internet of Things (1)
- Inverse Probability Weighting (1)
- Investitionen (1)
- Investment (1)
- Involvierung mehrerer Interessengruppen (1)
- JSP (1)
- Job Creation (1)
- Job search behavior (1)
- Joint study programs (1)
- KMDL (1)
- Kapitaldisposition (1)
- Kapitalmarkt (1)
- Kenia (1)
- Kenya (1)
- Klassifikator-Kalibrierung (1)
- Klimapolitik (1)
- Klimaschutz (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Komplementaritätseffekt (1)
- Konsum (1)
- Krise (1)
- Kulturelles Unternehmertum (1)
- Kundenverhalten (1)
- Labor market policies (1)
- Landesgröße (1)
- Leadership (1)
- Lebenszyklusmodell (1)
- Legislative organisation (1)
- Lernprozesse (1)
- Lobbying (1)
- Löhne (1)
- MCMC Simulation (1)
- MSCI World (1)
- MSMEs (1)
- Makröökonomie (1)
- Management (1)
- Manufacturing Technologies (1)
- Markov Wahrscheinlichkeiten (1)
- Marktversagen (1)
- Matching (1)
- McKinnon (1)
- Mehrklassen-Klassifikation (1)
- Metaverse (1)
- Michelin star (1)
- Microeconometrics (1)
- Mikrofinanzierung (1)
- Mikrofinanzinstitutionen (1)
- Mikrosimulation (1)
- Minimum Wage (1)
- Missbrauch (1)
- Mission-Drift (1)
- Mobile learning (1)
- Mobility (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Model Weighting (1)
- Modelgewichtung (1)
- Money Supply (1)
- Monopolistische Konkurrenz (1)
- Multidisciplinarity (1)
- Multidisziplinarität (1)
- Multiple stakeholder involvement (1)
- Multiplicative Group (1)
- Nachhaltigkeitstransformationen (1)
- Nahrungsmittelunsicherheit (1)
- Neo-normative Kontrolle (1)
- Networked Foresight (1)
- Netzwerke (1)
- Neue ökonomische Geographie (1)
- New Public Governance (1)
- Nicht-Gleichgewichtsökonomik (1)
- Novel Food (1)
- Novel food (1)
- Nudging (1)
- Open Foresight (1)
- Open Innovation (1)
- Open Source (1)
- Operations (1)
- Organisationen (1)
- Organizational Foresight (1)
- Organizations (1)
- PLS (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Performance (1)
- Performance Information Use (1)
- Performance Management (1)
- Performance-Informationen (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Persistenz (1)
- Person-Organization Fit (1)
- Pkw (1)
- Platform Economy (1)
- Plattform-Ökosysteme (1)
- Plattformökonomie (1)
- Policy Reform (1)
- Politik Evaluation (1)
- Politische Einstellung (1)
- Prediction Markets (1)
- Principal agent relation (1)
- Prisoner's Dilemma (1)
- Privatvermögen (1)
- Productivity (1)
- Produktionssteuerung (1)
- Programmeffekt (1)
- Property Prices (1)
- Public Debt (1)
- R&D (1)
- Rationierung (1)
- Rechenschaftspflicht (1)
- Rechtsstaatlichkeit (1)
- Reformbereitschaft (1)
- Reformen des öffentichen Sektors (1)
- Refugees (1)
- Regionale Mobilität (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Reinforcement Learning (1)
- Relational View (1)
- Räumlicher Wettbewerb (1)
- Scenario planning (1)
- Second Life (1)
- Selbstständige (1)
- Semantic Web (1)
- Service Sector (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Simulationsmodelle (1)
- Sinnhaftigkeit der Arbeit (1)
- Social Inclusion (1)
- Soziale Inklusion (1)
- Soziale Ziele (1)
- Sparen (1)
- Sparraten (1)
- Spectral Density (1)
- Spektraldichte (1)
- Stadtwachstumsraten (1)
- Stakeholder-based Science (1)
- Stakeholder-basierte Forschung (1)
- Stakeholdereinbindung (1)
- Standardsetzungsverfahren (1)
- Start-Up Subsidies (1)
- Start-up Subsidies (1)
- Start-ups (1)
- Stationary Stochastic Processes (1)
- Stationärer Prozess (1)
- Steuerlastverteilung (1)
- Steuerreform (1)
- Stiftungen (1)
- Stock Prices (1)
- Strategic Foresight (1)
- Strategic foresight (1)
- Strategische Vorausschau (1)
- Strategy under Uncertainty (1)
- Strukturfonds (1)
- Subjective beliefs (1)
- Subjektive Erwartungen (1)
- Subvention (1)
- Survival (1)
- System Denken (1)
- Systematics (1)
- Systemtheorie (1)
- Systemversagen (1)
- TAM (1)
- Tarifverhandlungen (1)
- Tax distribution (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Technologie sucht Skalen (1)
- Technologiemanagement (1)
- Technology Assessment (1)
- Technology Evaluation (1)
- Technology Foresight (1)
- Technology Management (1)
- Teilhabe der BürgerInnen (1)
- Time Series Analysis (1)
- Transatlantic Degree Program (TDP) (1)
- Transformational Leadership (1)
- Transparenz (1)
- Transportkosten (1)
- Tree (1)
- Treibhausgasemissionen (1)
- Ungleichgewicht (1)
- Ungleichheiten (1)
- University-Industry Collaboration (1)
- Unsicherheit (1)
- Unternehmensgründung (1)
- VR (1)
- Vector Error Correction Model (1)
- Verbraucherforschung (1)
- Verhandlungsmacht (1)
- Verhandlungstheorie (1)
- Verwaltungskompetenz (1)
- Wasserpolitik (1)
- Wasserregulierung (1)
- Wearable electronic device (1)
- Wearable technology (1)
- Wertschöpfungskooperation (1)
- Wirkungsanalyse (1)
- Wirtschaft Boliviens (1)
- Wirtschaftspolitik (1)
- Wissen (1)
- Work From Home (1)
- Working Hours (1)
- Zeitreihenanalyse (1)
- Zukunftsforschung (1)
- Zukunftsmärkte (1)
- Zwei-Länder-Modell (1)
- absorptive capacity (1)
- abuse (1)
- accrual accounting (1)
- action case study (1)
- active labor market policies (1)
- active labor market policy (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- administrative literacy (1)
- agent interaction (1)
- agricultural production (1)
- air pollution (1)
- aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik (1)
- ambiguity (1)
- bank (1)
- bank regulation (1)
- banking accounts (1)
- bargaining power (1)
- bayesian inference (1)
- behavioral public administration (1)
- blockchain (1)
- blockchain governance (1)
- business model (1)
- business model innovation (1)
- business process modeling (1)
- business start‐up (1)
- business support (1)
- business venturing (1)
- buy recommendations (1)
- buyer behavior (1)
- capabilities (1)
- capital and ownership structure (1)
- capital market (1)
- centralization (1)
- change commitment (1)
- change management (1)
- citation analysis (1)
- citizen participation (1)
- citizen-state interactions (1)
- classifier calibration (1)
- climate policy (1)
- coaching (1)
- collective bargaining (1)
- collusion (1)
- commitment to the leader (1)
- common ownership (1)
- communication (1)
- communities (1)
- community (1)
- comparative analysis (1)
- complementary effect (1)
- compliance (1)
- compliance behavior (1)
- conflict management (1)
- consumer behavior (1)
- consumption (1)
- coordination problems (1)
- corporate citizenship (1)
- corporate governance (1)
- corporate social responsibility (1)
- corruption (1)
- creative process (1)
- crisis (1)
- cross ownership (1)
- culture (1)
- data monetization (1)
- data privacy (1)
- data use (1)
- deep learning (1)
- deliberate ignorance (1)
- density effects (1)
- dentistry (1)
- design thinking (1)
- development economics (1)
- digital ethnography (1)
- digital learning (1)
- digital product development (1)
- digital sovereignty (1)
- digital strategy (1)
- digital technologies (1)
- digitale Ethnographie (1)
- digitale Produktentwicklung (1)
- digitale Souveränität (1)
- digitalization (1)
- direct taxes (1)
- discipline differences (1)
- disequilibrium (1)
- disposable capital (1)
- domestic entrepreneurs (1)
- double taxation (1)
- dual labor market (1)
- dynamic classification (1)
- dynamic models (1)
- dynamische Klassifikation (1)
- e-learning (1)
- econometric modelling (1)
- economic development (1)
- economic disparities (1)
- economic policy (1)
- economic transformation (1)
- economics curriculum (1)
- education return (1)
- effect heterogeneity (1)
- efficient market hypothesis (1)
- emotion regulation (1)
- empirical labor market studies (1)
- empirische Arbeitsmarktforschung (1)
- employer (1)
- employment growth (1)
- enhancement (1)
- entrepreneur (1)
- envy (1)
- ethnic differences (1)
- evaluation (1)
- evaluation of active labor market policy (1)
- evidence theory (1)
- financial integration (1)
- financial magazines (1)
- financial markets (1)
- financial performance (1)
- financial repression (1)
- finanzielle Integration (1)
- finanzielle Unterdrückung (1)
- fine dining (1)
- firm behaviour (1)
- firm growth (1)
- fiscal planning (1)
- food insecurity (1)
- forecast accuracy (1)
- foreign direct investment (1)
- formale Institution (1)
- foundations (1)
- fragmentation (1)
- freedom (1)
- games (1)
- governance (1)
- gratitude (1)
- green growth (1)
- green investment (1)
- grüne Investitionen (1)
- grünes Wachstum (1)
- gute Regierungsführung (1)
- happiness (1)
- harmonization (1)
- haute cuisine (1)
- health care (1)
- healthcare (1)
- heterogene Agenten (1)
- heterogeneous agents (1)
- high gastronomy (1)
- human behaviour (1)
- human capital (1)
- impact (1)
- impact analysis (1)
- impact investing (1)
- income contingent loans (1)
- income distribution (1)
- incomplete information (1)
- incomplete markets (1)
- incumbent (1)
- indirect help (1)
- indirect taxes (1)
- indirekte Hilfe (1)
- individual effects (1)
- information exchange (1)
- informelle Institution (1)
- innovation (1)
- innovation management (1)
- innovations in the city (1)
- integration (1)
- interactive technologies (1)
- intergovernmental relations (1)
- intermediaries (1)
- internal migration (1)
- international tax law (1)
- interne Migration (1)
- inverse probability weighting (1)
- investment (1)
- investment climate (1)
- irrigation (1)
- job satisfaction (1)
- job search (1)
- job search behavior (1)
- job shop scheduling (1)
- knowledge (1)
- kommunale Leistungserstellung (1)
- kreativer Prozess (1)
- kulturell-kognitive Institution (1)
- labor supply (1)
- landwirtschaftliche Produktion (1)
- langfristige Effekte (1)
- learning processes (1)
- less developed countries (1)
- life cycle model (1)
- lifetime income (1)
- literature review (1)
- lobbying (1)
- local and regional autonomy (1)
- local governance (1)
- local jurisdictions (1)
- local public service delivery (1)
- lokale Unternehmer (1)
- long memory (1)
- long-term effects (1)
- loss aversion (1)
- ländliche Armut (1)
- macroeconomics (1)
- market failures (1)
- markov chains (1)
- math (1)
- mature industry (1)
- meaningfulness at work (1)
- mergers and acquisitions (1)
- method comparision (1)
- micro loans (1)
- microcredits (1)
- microeconometric analyses (1)
- microeconometrics (1)
- microfinance (1)
- microfinance institutions (1)
- microsimulation (1)
- mikrökonometrische Analysen (1)
- minority shareholdings (1)
- mission drift (1)
- mixed methods (1)
- mobile banking (1)
- mobile learning (1)
- modular production (1)
- modulare Produktion (1)
- money (1)
- monopolistic competition (1)
- multi-class classification (1)
- nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung (1)
- nation building (1)
- neo-normative control (1)
- networks (1)
- neuer Institutionalismus (1)
- new public governance (1)
- news media (1)
- non-equilibrium economics (1)
- nouvelle cuisine (1)
- nudging (1)
- ordo-liberal policies (1)
- ordo-liberale Politik (1)
- organization (1)
- over-indebtment (1)
- parliamentary opposition (1)
- path models (1)
- performance (1)
- performance information (1)
- performance management (1)
- persistence (1)
- personality (1)
- pervasive learning (1)
- platform ecosystems (1)
- policy evaluation (1)
- policy-making (1)
- political economics (1)
- politische Ökonomik (1)
- population density (1)
- poverty alleviation policies (1)
- power (1)
- priming (1)
- prisoners' dilemma (1)
- privacy management (1)
- private wealth (1)
- production control (1)
- program effect (1)
- prosthodontics (1)
- public sector reforms (1)
- public service delivery (1)
- punishment (1)
- ranking type Delphi study (1)
- rationing (1)
- rebate and discount (1)
- reciprocity (1)
- recommendation profitability (1)
- regional integration (1)
- regions (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulation of dominant firms (1)
- regulative Institution (1)
- reinforcement learning (1)
- restaurants (1)
- revenue authorities (1)
- review (1)
- risk aversion (1)
- rural poverty (1)
- saving rates (1)
- savings (1)
- schlechte Regierungsführung (1)
- seed-financing (1)
- self-employed (1)
- shareholders (1)
- skills (1)
- social goals (1)
- social media (1)
- social network analysis (1)
- societal effects (1)
- sozialistische Orientierung der Marktwirtschaft (1)
- stakeholder involvement (1)
- standard-setting (1)
- start-up subsidies (1)
- start-up subsidy (1)
- state and local budgets (1)
- stock market (1)
- stock returns (1)
- strategic ignorance (1)
- structural funds (1)
- subsidy (1)
- sustainability transitions (1)
- sustainable development (1)
- sustainable fiscal policy (1)
- system failure (1)
- system of property rights (1)
- systematic review (1)
- systematische Literaturrecherche (1)
- systems thinking (1)
- tax administration (1)
- tax distribution (1)
- tax harmonization (1)
- tax policy evaluation (1)
- tax system (1)
- taxation (1)
- technology acceptance (1)
- technology addiction scales (1)
- technology-mediated teaching (1)
- tertiary education (1)
- traditionelle Unternehmen (1)
- transaction costs (1)
- transparency (1)
- treatment effects (1)
- unemployment insurance (1)
- union wage premium (1)
- unions (1)
- university teaching (1)
- universitäre-industrielle Kollaboration (1)
- unvollständige Information (1)
- unvollständige Märkte (1)
- urban growth (1)
- usability (1)
- value co-creation (1)
- virtual corporation (1)
- virtual reality (1)
- visionary leadership (1)
- visionäre Führung (1)
- vocational education (1)
- wage differentials (1)
- wages (1)
- water management (1)
- water policy (1)
- weniger entwickelte Länder (1)
- wirtschaftliche Entwicklung (1)
- Überschuldung (1)
Institute
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (201) (remove)
Algorithmic management
(2022)
The organisation of legislative chambers and the consequences of parliamentary procedures have been among the most prominent research questions in legislative studies. Even though democratic elections not only lead to the formation of a government but also result in an opposition, the literature has mostly neglected oppositions and their role in legislative chambers. This paper proposes to fill this gap by looking at the legislative organisation from the perspective of opposition players. The paper focuses on the potential influence of opposition players in the policy-making process and presents data on more than 50 legislative chambers. The paper shows considerable variance of the formal power granted to opposition players. Furthermore, the degree of institutionalisation of opposition rights is connected to electoral systems and not necessarily correlated with other institutional characteristics such as regime type or the size of legislative chambers.
This article merges theoretical literature on non-controlling minority shareholdings (NCMS) in a coherent model to study the effects of NCMS on competition and collusion. The model encompasses both the case of a common owner holding shares of rival firms as well as the case of cross ownership among rivals. We find that by softening competition, NCMS weaken the sustainability of collusion under a greater variety of situations than was indicated by earlier literature. Such effects exist, in particular, in the presence of an effective competition authority.
Volatile supply and sales markets, coupled with increasing product individualization and complex production processes, present significant challenges for manufacturing companies. These must navigate and adapt to ever-shifting external and internal factors while ensuring robustness against process variabilities and unforeseen events. This has a pronounced impact on production control, which serves as the operational intersection between production planning and the shop- floor resources, and necessitates the capability to manage intricate process interdependencies effectively. Considering the increasing dynamics and product diversification, alongside the need to maintain constant production performances, the implementation of innovative control strategies becomes crucial.
In recent years, the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and machine learning methods has gained prominence in addressing emerging challenges in production applications. Within this context, this cumulative thesis analyzes deep learning based production systems based on five publications. Particular attention is paid to the applications of deep reinforcement learning, aiming to explore its potential in dynamic control contexts. Analysis reveal that deep reinforcement learning excels in various applications, especially in dynamic production control tasks. Its efficacy can be attributed to its interactive learning and real-time operational model. However, despite its evident utility, there are notable structural, organizational, and algorithmic gaps in the prevailing research. A predominant portion of deep reinforcement learning based approaches is limited to specific job shop scenarios and often overlooks the potential synergies in combined resources. Furthermore, it highlights the rare implementation of multi-agent systems and semi-heterarchical systems in practical settings. A notable gap remains in the integration of deep reinforcement learning into a hyper-heuristic.
To bridge these research gaps, this thesis introduces a deep reinforcement learning based hyper- heuristic for the control of modular production systems, developed in accordance with the design science research methodology. Implemented within a semi-heterarchical multi-agent framework, this approach achieves a threefold reduction in control and optimisation complexity while ensuring high scalability, adaptability, and robustness of the system. In comparative benchmarks, this control methodology outperforms rule-based heuristics, reducing throughput times and tardiness, and effectively incorporates customer and order-centric metrics. The control artifact facilitates a rapid scenario generation, motivating for further research efforts and bridging the gap to real-world applications. The overarching goal is to foster a synergy between theoretical insights and practical solutions, thereby enriching scientific discourse and addressing current industrial challenges.
Advancing digitalization is changing society and has far-reaching effects on people and companies. Fundamental to these changes are the new technological possibilities for processing data on an ever-increasing scale and for various purposes. The availability of large and high-quality data sets, especially those based on personal data, is crucial. They are used either to improve the productivity, quality, and individuality of products and services or to develop new types of services. Today, user behavior is tracked more actively and comprehensively than ever despite increasing legal requirements for protecting personal data worldwide. That increasingly raises ethical, moral, and social questions, which have moved to the forefront of the political debate, not least due to popular cases of data misuse. Given this discourse and the legal requirements, today's data management must fulfill three conditions: Legality or legal conformity of use and ethical legitimacy. Thirdly, the use of data should add value from a business perspective. Within the framework of these conditions, this cumulative dissertation pursues four research objectives with a focus on gaining a better understanding of
(1) the challenges of implementing privacy laws,
(2) the factors that influence customers' willingness to share personal data,
(3) the role of data protection for digital entrepreneurship, and
(4) the interdisciplinary scientific significance, its development, and its interrelationships.
Creative intensive processes
(2023)
Creativity – developing something new and useful – is a constant challenge in the working world. Work processes, services, or products must be sensibly adapted to changing times. To be able to analyze and, if necessary, adapt creativity in work processes, a precise understanding of these creative activities is necessary. Process modeling techniques are often used to capture business processes, represent them graphically and analyze them for adaptation possibilities. This has been very limited for creative work. An accurate understanding of creative work is subject to the challenge that, on the one hand, it is usually very complex and iterative. On the other hand, it is at least partially unpredictable as new things emerge. How can the complexity of creative business processes be adequately addressed and simultaneously manageable? This dissertation attempts to answer this question by first developing a precise process understanding of creative work. In an interdisciplinary approach, the literature on the process description of creativity-intensive work is analyzed from the perspective of psychology, organizational studies, and business informatics. In addition, a digital ethnographic study in the context of software development is used to analyze creative work. A model is developed based on which four elementary process components can be analyzed: Intention of the creative activity, Creation to develop the new, Evaluation to assess its meaningfulness, and Planning of the activities arising in the process – in short, the ICEP model. These four process elements are then translated into the Knockledge Modeling Description Language (KMDL), which was developed to capture and represent knowledge-intensive business processes. The modeling extension based on the ICEP model enables creative business processes to be identified and specified without the need for extensive modeling of all process details. The modeling extension proposed here was developed using ethnographic data and then applied to other organizational process contexts. The modeling method was applied to other business contexts and evaluated by external parties as part of two expert studies. The developed ICEP model provides an analytical framework for complex creative work processes. It can be comprehensively integrated into process models by transforming it into a modeling method, thus expanding the understanding of existing creative work in as-is process analyses.
Accurately solving classification problems nowadays is likely to be the most relevant machine learning task. Binary classification separating two classes only is algorithmically simpler but has fewer potential applications as many real-world problems are multi-class. On the reverse, separating only a subset of classes simplifies the classification task. Even though existing multi-class machine learning algorithms are very flexible regarding the number of classes, they assume that the target set Y is fixed and cannot be restricted once the training is finished. On the other hand, existing state-of-the-art production environments are becoming increasingly interconnected with the advance of Industry 4.0 and related technologies such that additional information can simplify the respective classification problems. In light of this, the main aim of this thesis is to introduce dynamic classification that generalizes multi-class classification such that the target class set can be restricted arbitrarily to a non-empty class subset M of Y at any time between two consecutive predictions.
This task is solved by a combination of two algorithmic approaches. First, classifier calibration, which transforms predictions into posterior probability estimates that are intended to be well calibrated. The analysis provided focuses on monotonic calibration and in particular corrects wrong statements that appeared in the literature. It also reveals that bin-based evaluation metrics, which became popular in recent years, are unjustified and should not be used at all. Next, the validity of Platt scaling, which is the most relevant parametric calibration approach, is analyzed in depth. In particular, its optimality for classifier predictions distributed according to four different families of probability distributions as well its equivalence with Beta calibration up to a sigmoidal preprocessing are proven. For non-monotonic calibration, extended variants on kernel density estimation and the ensemble method EKDE are introduced. Finally, the calibration techniques are evaluated using a simulation study with complete information as well as on a selection of 46 real-world data sets.
Building on this, classifier calibration is applied as part of decomposition-based classification that aims to reduce multi-class problems to simpler (usually binary) prediction tasks. For the involved fusing step performed at prediction time, a new approach based on evidence theory is presented that uses classifier calibration to model mass functions. This allows the analysis of decomposition-based classification against a strictly formal background and to prove closed-form equations for the overall combinations. Furthermore, the same formalism leads to a consistent integration of dynamic class information, yielding a theoretically justified and computationally tractable dynamic classification model. The insights gained from this modeling are combined with pairwise coupling, which is one of the most relevant reduction-based classification approaches, such that all individual predictions are combined with a weight. This not only generalizes existing works on pairwise coupling but also enables the integration of dynamic class information.
Lastly, a thorough empirical study is performed that compares all newly introduced approaches to existing state-of-the-art techniques. For this, evaluation metrics for dynamic classification are introduced that depend on corresponding sampling strategies. Thereafter, these are applied during a three-part evaluation. First, support vector machines and random forests are applied on 26 data sets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. Second, two state-of-the-art deep neural networks are evaluated on five benchmark data sets from a relatively recent reference work. Here, computationally feasible strategies to apply the presented algorithms in combination with large-scale models are particularly relevant because a naive application is computationally intractable. Finally, reference data from a real-world process allowing the inclusion of dynamic class information are collected and evaluated. The results show that in combination with support vector machines and random forests, pairwise coupling approaches yield the best results, while in combination with deep neural networks, differences between the different approaches are mostly small to negligible. Most importantly, all results empirically confirm that dynamic classification succeeds in improving the respective prediction accuracies. Therefore, it is crucial to pass dynamic class information in respective applications, which requires an appropriate digital infrastructure.
Teaching and learning as well as administrative processes are still experiencing intensive changes with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and its diverse application opportunities in the context of higher education. Therewith, the scientific interest in the topic in general, but also specific focal points rose as well. However, there is no structured overview on AI in teaching and administration processes in higher education institutions that allows to identify major research topics and trends, and concretizing peculiarities and develops recommendations for further action. To overcome this gap, this study seeks to systematize the current scientific discourse on AI in teaching and administration in higher education institutions. This study identified an (1) imbalance in research on AI in educational and administrative contexts, (2) an imbalance in disciplines and lack of interdisciplinary research, (3) inequalities in cross-national research activities, as well as (4) neglected research topics and paths. In this way, a comparative analysis between AI usage in administration and teaching and learning processes, a systematization of the state of research, an identification of research gaps as well as further research path on AI in higher education institutions are contributed to research.
Defining the metaverse
(2023)
The term Metaverse is emerging as a result of the late push by multinational technology conglomerates and a recent surge of interest in Web 3.0, Blockchain, NFT, and Cryptocurrencies. From a scientific point of view, there is no definite consensus on what the Metaverse will be like. This paper collects, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific definitions and the accompanying major characteristics of the Metaverse using the methodology of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Two revised definitions for the Metaverse are presented, both condensing the key attributes, where the first one is rather simplistic holistic describing “a three-dimensional online environment in which users represented by avatars interact with each other in virtual spaces decoupled from the real physical world”. In contrast, the second definition is specified in a more detailed manner in the paper and further discussed. These comprehensive definitions offer specialized and general scholars an application within and beyond the scientific context of the system science, information system science, computer science, and business informatics, by also introducing open research challenges. Furthermore, an outlook on the social, economic, and technical implications is given, and the preconditions that are necessary for a successful implementation are discussed.
Recent research suggests that design thinking practices may foster the development of needed capabilities in new digitalised landscapes. However, existing publications represent individual contributions, and we lack a holistic understanding of the value of design thinking in a digital world. No review, to date, has offered a holistic retrospection of this research. In response, in this bibliometric review, we aim to shed light on the intellectual structure of multidisciplinary design thinking literature related to capabilities relevant to the digital world in higher education and business settings, highlight current trends and suggest further studies to advance theoretical and empirical underpinnings. Our study addresses this aim using bibliometric methods—bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis as they are particularly suitable for identifying current trends and future research priorities at the forefront of the research. Overall, bibliometric analyses of the publications dealing with the related topics published in the last 10 years (extracted from the Web of Science database) expose six trends and two possible future research developments highlighting the expanding scope of the design thinking scientific field related to capabilities required for the (more sustainable and human-centric) digital world. Relatedly, design thinking becomes a relevant approach to be included in higher education curricula and human resources training to prepare students and workers for the changing work demands. This paper is well-suited for education and business practitioners seeking to embed design thinking capabilities in their curricula and for design thinking and other scholars wanting to understand the field and possible directions for future research.