Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Arbeitspapier (256) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- experiment (11)
- communication (5)
- COVID-19 (4)
- Entrepreneurship (4)
- Forschungsdatenmanagement (4)
- Innovation (4)
- gender (4)
- human capital (4)
- E-DSGE (3)
- Forschungsdaten (3)
- Start-Up Subsidies (3)
- Völkerrecht (3)
- air pollution (3)
- cartel (3)
- cooperation (3)
- entrepreneurship (3)
- fiscal federalism (3)
- lifetime income (3)
- machine learning (3)
- mental health (3)
- taxation (3)
- tuition fees (3)
- vocational education (3)
- Außenwirtschaftstheorie (2)
- Bildungswissenschaften (2)
- Experiment (2)
- Forschungseinrichtungen (2)
- Föderalismus (2)
- Higher Education Institutions (2)
- Hochschulen (2)
- Human Capital Investment (2)
- Immobilienpreise (2)
- Job Creation (2)
- Minimum Wage (2)
- Neue ökonomische Geographie (2)
- Policy Reform (2)
- Productivity (2)
- R&D (2)
- Research Data Management (2)
- Research Institutions (2)
- Selbstevaluation (2)
- Self-Evaluation (2)
- Strategieentwicklung (2)
- Strategy Process (2)
- Survival (2)
- Transportkosten (2)
- United Nations (2)
- Vereinte Nationen (2)
- Wohnimmobilien Deutschland (2)
- Work-related Training (2)
- beliefs (2)
- centralization (2)
- climate policy (2)
- collusion (2)
- decentralization (2)
- education return (2)
- educational sciences (2)
- energy prices (2)
- ethnic differences (2)
- fiscal planning (2)
- health (2)
- inequality (2)
- innovation (2)
- integration (2)
- international law (2)
- labor supply (2)
- locus of control (2)
- migration (2)
- population density (2)
- redistribution (2)
- research data management (2)
- revenue sharing (2)
- rule of law (2)
- self-employment (2)
- strategic uncertainty (2)
- survival (2)
- sustainable fiscal policy (2)
- tax administration (2)
- tax reform (2)
- tertiary education (2)
- welfare (2)
- Active Labor Market Policy (1)
- Africa (1)
- Agenda 2030 (1)
- Ask avoidance (1)
- Backward ownership (1)
- Balancing weights (1)
- Banken (1)
- Belastung (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Bildungsgerechtigkeit (1)
- Bologna process (1)
- Business Grow (1)
- CARICOM (1)
- Carbon Capture (1)
- Carbon Dioxide Removal (1)
- Caribbean (1)
- Charitable giving (1)
- Climate Policy (1)
- Clusteranalyse (1)
- Colonialism (1)
- Compensation (1)
- Continuous Treatment (1)
- Counterfactual Analysis (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- Datendokumentation (1)
- Datenschutzgrundverordnung (1)
- Deutsch (1)
- DiD (1)
- Difference-in-Differences (1)
- Disziplinspezifisches FDM (1)
- Earnings (1)
- East African Community (1)
- Employee Training (1)
- Employment (1)
- Entry deterrence (1)
- Environmental Policy (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Exportsubvention (1)
- Fehler machen (1)
- Firm Growth (1)
- Fiscal decentralisation (1)
- Flüchtling (1)
- Flüchtlingsrecht (1)
- Foreclosure (1)
- Forschung-Praxis-Kooperation (1)
- Forschungspolitik (1)
- Fraktion (1)
- Frauen (1)
- Freedom of expression (1)
- Frieden (1)
- Gender (1)
- Gender Wage Gap (1)
- General Data Protection Regulation (1)
- Geschlechterrolle (1)
- Hate speech (1)
- Haushaltssicherungskonzept (1)
- High growth firms (1)
- Human Capital Investments (1)
- Human Rights Defender (1)
- IASP Program of the DAAD (1)
- Impermanence (1)
- Inequality (1)
- Institutions (1)
- Instrumental Variables (1)
- International Court of Justice (1)
- International Law Commission (1)
- Internationales Recht (1)
- Intertemporal Choice (1)
- Job Satisfaction (1)
- Job Search (1)
- Joint study programs (1)
- Kennzahlensystem (1)
- Kriegsverbrechen (1)
- Labor Market Mobility (1)
- Landesgröße (1)
- Language (1)
- Large firms (1)
- Law of State Responsibility (1)
- Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- Lernwiderstände (1)
- Linguistic Saving Hypothesis (1)
- Long-term Crisis (1)
- MSMEs (1)
- Macroeconomic Dynamics (1)
- Manager Decisions (1)
- Mapper (1)
- Matching (1)
- Menschenrecht (1)
- Minority shareholdings (1)
- Monte-Carlo simulation (1)
- Nationale Aktionspläne (1)
- Negotiation (1)
- OWG (1)
- Observational studies (1)
- Oligopol (1)
- PHQ-4 score (1)
- Partial ownership (1)
- Peacebuilding (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Persistente Homologie (1)
- Personenbezogene Daten (1)
- Policy Design (1)
- Professionalisierung (1)
- Professionalisierung der Stadträte (1)
- Propensity Score Matching (1)
- Prozessorientierte Didaktik (1)
- Psychologie (1)
- Push and Pull Theories (1)
- Qualitative Forschungsdaten (1)
- Quality of regional governments (1)
- Raumwirtschaftstheorie (1)
- Refugees (1)
- Regional Bite (1)
- Regionale Mieten (1)
- Regionale Preise (1)
- Regions (1)
- Regulation (1)
- Reparation (1)
- Repeated request (1)
- Risk Attitudes (1)
- Risk Preferences (1)
- Räumlicher Wettbewerb (1)
- SDG 16 (1)
- SDGs (1)
- Schweden ; Eisenbahn ; Effizienz ; Wettbewerb (1)
- Search Frictions (1)
- Service Sector (1)
- Sicherheit (1)
- Siedlungsgeographie ; Stadtgeographie (1)
- Small firms (1)
- Social Cost of Carbon (1)
- Sorgfaltspflicht (1)
- Special Rapporteur (1)
- Staatsanleihen (1)
- Staatsverschuldung (1)
- Stadtrat (1)
- Stadtverordnetenversammlung (1)
- Standortpolitik (1)
- Start-up Motivation (1)
- Start-up Subsidies (1)
- Start-ups (1)
- Sub-Saharan Africa (1)
- Syntax (1)
- Technologiepolitik (1)
- Topologische Datenanalyse (1)
- Transatlantic Degree Program (TDP) (1)
- UNHCR (1)
- Ultimatum Game (1)
- Uniform pricing (1)
- Unintended Consequence (1)
- Universitätsschule (1)
- Vergewaltigung (1)
- Verhandlungen (1)
- Verhandlungsmanagement (1)
- Vertical integration (1)
- Vorfeld (1)
- WPS Agenda (1)
- WPS agenda (1)
- Well-Being (1)
- Wissenstransfer (1)
- Wohlfahrtseffekt (1)
- Women's Rights (1)
- Working Hours (1)
- Zwei-Länder-Modell (1)
- accidents (1)
- alcohol consumption (1)
- ambiguity attitudes (1)
- banking (1)
- behavioral economics (1)
- blended learning (1)
- board diversity (1)
- business and human rights (1)
- business expansion (1)
- business services (1)
- business venturing (1)
- buyer behavior (1)
- campaign contributions (1)
- carbon emissions (1)
- carbon price (1)
- carbon pricing (1)
- cardinal utility function (1)
- cardiovascular disease (1)
- career costs of children (1)
- central places theory (1)
- child care (1)
- childcare provision (1)
- climate (1)
- climate change (1)
- commuting (1)
- compliance (1)
- compliance behavior (1)
- confidence (1)
- conflict management (1)
- congestion (1)
- corporate leniency program (1)
- corruption (1)
- crowding out (1)
- customary international law (1)
- cycling (1)
- data documentation (1)
- decision-making (1)
- decline (1)
- decomposition (1)
- decomposition methods (1)
- deliberate ignorance (1)
- depression (1)
- development cooperation (1)
- dictator game (1)
- digital sovereignty (1)
- direct taxes (1)
- discipline specific rdm (1)
- disziplinspezifisches FDM (1)
- divergent thinking (1)
- double dividend (1)
- double taxation (1)
- dritte förderale Ebene (1)
- drugs (1)
- due diligenge (1)
- dynamic binary choice (1)
- dynamic panel estimation (1)
- economic transformation (1)
- economics curriculum (1)
- education (1)
- efficiency (1)
- emergency-aid (1)
- emotion regulation (1)
- employer (1)
- employment (1)
- employment growth (1)
- endogenous growth (1)
- energy expenditure (1)
- entrepreneurial performance (1)
- entrepreneurship policy (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental tax reform (1)
- envy (1)
- equity crowdfunding (1)
- extensive margin (1)
- feminist foreign policy (1)
- feministische Außenpolitik (1)
- finance (1)
- financial access and inclusion (1)
- firm growth (1)
- firm performance (1)
- fiscal capacity (1)
- fiscal policy (1)
- fiskalische Kapazität (1)
- food prices (1)
- fragile state (1)
- fragility index (1)
- gambler’s fallac (1)
- gender pay gap (1)
- gender wage gap (1)
- general self-efficacy (1)
- generalized difference-in-difference (1)
- gentrification (1)
- gesprochene Sprache (1)
- goal-setting (1)
- good governance (1)
- gratitude (1)
- gridded data (1)
- habit formation (1)
- harmonization (1)
- hate crime (1)
- headquarters (1)
- health behavior (1)
- high-dimensional fixed effects (1)
- higher education costs (1)
- home office (1)
- horizontal equity (1)
- horizontal innovation (1)
- hot hand fallacy (1)
- hours restrictions (1)
- housing market (1)
- illusion of control (1)
- incidental parameter bias correction (1)
- income (1)
- income contingent loans (1)
- income tax (1)
- indirect taxes (1)
- inequality of opportunity (1)
- infinitely repeated game (1)
- inflation (1)
- information exchange (1)
- instrumental variables (1)
- intergovernmental relations (1)
- international criminal law (1)
- international humanitarian law (1)
- international rule of law (1)
- international tax law (1)
- involuntary unemployment (1)
- irrelevant information (1)
- job creation (1)
- judgment of communication (1)
- just transition (1)
- kommunale Daseinsvorsorge (1)
- kommunale Selbstverwaltung (1)
- kommunaler Haushaltsplan (1)
- labor productivity (1)
- labor unions (1)
- labour migration (1)
- leadership (1)
- legal aspects (1)
- life-cycle analysis (1)
- linke Peripherie (1)
- linked employer-employee data (1)
- local and regional autonomy (1)
- loss aversion (1)
- male rape (1)
- market-entry game (1)
- maternal employment (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metropolitan areas (1)
- military conflicts (1)
- mother’s labor supply (1)
- multi-valued treatment (1)
- nation building (1)
- national action plans (1)
- natural field experiment (1)
- non-Ricardian households (1)
- non-state actors (1)
- non-state armed actors (1)
- obesity (1)
- objective health measures (1)
- opinio juris (1)
- optimism (1)
- parental leave (1)
- peace (1)
- personal information (1)
- personality (1)
- physical activity (1)
- political ideology (1)
- poverty (1)
- preference for agency (1)
- prescriptions (1)
- price competition (1)
- primary school (1)
- prisoners' dilemma (1)
- prisoner’s dilemma (1)
- productivity slowdown (1)
- promises (1)
- property taxes (1)
- psychology (1)
- public debt (1)
- public good (1)
- public transport (1)
- punishment (1)
- qualitative research data (1)
- quantile regression (1)
- rdm in disciplines (1)
- rebate and discount (1)
- rechtliche Aspekte (1)
- reciprocity (1)
- refugees (1)
- regulation of dominant firms (1)
- removal subsidies (1)
- renewable energy subsidies (1)
- rent control (1)
- representative longitudinal survey data (1)
- representative real-time survey data (1)
- research data (1)
- resilience (1)
- retirement policies (1)
- returns to education (1)
- revenue authorities (1)
- revenue recycling (1)
- rise (1)
- risk attitudes (1)
- risk aversion (1)
- risk equalization (1)
- risk perception (1)
- sacrifice principle (1)
- sanctions (1)
- school health examinations (1)
- selection into employment (1)
- self-employed (1)
- sexualisierte Gewalt (1)
- shadow economy (1)
- sickness (1)
- social investment (1)
- soft information (1)
- sovereign exposure (1)
- spillover effects (1)
- stable states (1)
- stag-hunt game (1)
- state practice (1)
- state theory (1)
- stochastic uncertainty (1)
- strategic ignorance (1)
- strategic-uncertainty attitudes (1)
- subjective survival probability (1)
- sustainability (1)
- sustainable development goals (1)
- systemic risk (1)
- systemisches Risiko (1)
- tax competition (1)
- tax harmonization (1)
- tax rate schedule (1)
- tax system (1)
- taxpayer subsidies (1)
- terms-of-trade effects (1)
- text analysis (1)
- trade (1)
- trade policy (1)
- traffic (1)
- training (1)
- transfers (1)
- transparency (1)
- transport subsidies (1)
- treatment effects (1)
- two-way fixed effects (1)
- unemployment (1)
- unilateral climate policy (1)
- urban (1)
- voting (1)
- voucher (1)
- wages (1)
- wars (1)
- wealth (1)
- windfall gains (1)
- women (1)
- women in management (1)
- women’s careers (1)
- worker-manager relations (1)
- zeitliche Belastung von Verordneten (1)
- Überforderung (1)
Institut
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (115)
- Center for Economic Policy Analysis (CEPA) (75)
- Fachgruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre (61)
- Berlin Potsdam Research Group "The International Rule of Law - Rise or Decline?" (45)
- Extern (43)
- Öffentliches Recht (8)
- MenschenRechtsZentrum (5)
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (4)
- Universitätsbibliothek (4)
- ZIM - Zentrum für Informationstechnologie und Medienmanagement (2)
National Action Plans (NAPs) have been increas-ingly adopted world-wide after the Vienna Dec-laration in 1993, where it was urged to consider the improvement and promotion of Human Rights. In this paper, we discuss their usefulness and success by analysing the challenges present-ed during NAP processes as well as the benefits this set of actions entails: The challenges for their implementation outweigh its actual benefits. Nevertheless, NAPs have great potential. Based on new research, we elaborate a set of recom-mendations for improving the design and imple-mentation of national action planning. In order to effectively bring NAP into practice, we consider it crucial to plan and analyse every state local circumstances in detail. The latter is important, since the implementation of a concrete set of actions is intended to directly transform and improve the local living conditions of the people. In a long-term perspective, we defend the benefit of NAP’s implementation for complying obliga-tions set up by HR treaties.
The last years have been affected by Covid-19 and the international emergency mecha-nism to deal with health-related threats. The effects of this period manifested differ-ently worldwide, depending on matters such as international relations, national policies, power dynamics etc. Additionally, the impact of this time will likely have long-term effects which are yet to be known. This paper gives a critical overview of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) mechanism in the context of Covid-19. It does so by explaining the legal framework for states of emergency, specifically in the context of a PHEIC, while considering its restrictions and limitations on human rights. It further outlines issues in the manifestation of global protections and limitations on human rights during Covid-19. Lastly, considering the likelihood of future PHEICs and the known systemic obstructions, this paper offers ways to im-prove this mechanism from a holistic, non-zero-sum perspective.
We use the prolonged Greek crisis as a case study to understand how a lasting economic shock affects the innovation strategies of firms in economies with moderate innovation activities. Adopting the 3-stage CDM model, we explore the link between R&D, innovation, and productivity for different size groups of Greek manufacturing firms during the prolonged crisis. At the first stage, we find that the continuation of the crisis is harmful for the R&D engagement of smaller firms while it increased the willingness for R&D activities among the larger ones. At the second stage, among smaller firms the knowledge production remains unaffected by R&D investments, while among larger firms the R&D decision is positively correlated with the probability of producing innovation, albeit the relationship is weakened as the crisis continues. At the third stage, innovation output benefits only larger firms in terms of labor productivity, while the innovation-productivity nexus is insignificant for smaller firms during the lasting crisis.
The large literature that aims to find evidence of climate migration delivers mixed findings. This meta-regression analysis i) summarizes direct links between adverse climatic events and migration, ii) maps patterns of climate migration, and iii) explains the variation in outcomes. Using a set of limited dependent variable models, we meta-analyze thus-far the most comprehensive sample of 3,625 estimates from 116 original studies and produce novel insights on climate migration. We find that extremely high temperatures and drying conditions increase migration. We do not find a significant effect of sudden-onset events. Climate migration is most likely to emerge due to contemporaneous events, to originate in rural areas and to take place in middle-income countries, internally, to cities. The likelihood to become trapped in affected areas is higher for women and in low-income countries, particularly in Africa. We uniquely quantify how pitfalls typical for the broader empirical climate impact literature affect climate migration findings. We also find evidence of different publication biases.
The paper aims to lay out a framework for evaluating value shifts in the international legal order for the purposes of a forthcoming book. In view of current contestations it asks whether we are observing yet another period of norm change (Wandel) or even a more fundamental transformation of international law – a metamorphosis (Verwandlung). For this purpose it suggests to look into the mechanisms of how norms change from the perspective of legal and political science and also to approximate a reference point where change turns into metamorphosis. It submits that such a point may be reached where specific legally protected values are indeed changing (change of legal values) or where the very idea of protecting certain values through law is renounced (delegalizing of values). The paper discusses the benefits of such an interdisciplinary exchange and tries to identify differences and commonalities among both disciplinary perspectives.
Once the “popular plaything of Realpolitiker” the doctrine of rebus sic stantibus post the 1969 VCLT is often described as an objective rule by which, on grounds of equity and justice, a fundamental change of circumstances may be invoked as a ground for termination. Yet recent practice from States such as Ecuador, Russia, Denmark and the United Kingdom suggests that it is returning with a new livery. They point to an understanding based on vital States’ interests––a view popular among scholars such as Erich Kaufmann at the beginning of the last century.
Social segregation in cities takes place where different household groups exist and when, according to Schelling, their location choice either minimizes the number of differing households in their neighborhood or maximizes their own group. In this contribution an evolutionary simulation based on a monocentric city model with externalities among households is used to discuss the spatial segregation patterns of four groups. The resulting complex spatial patterns can be shown as graphic animations. They can be applied as initial situation for the analysis of the effects a rent control has on segregation.
Das dritte Working Paper in der KFG Working Paper Series analysiert Zustand und Perspektiven völkerrechtlicher Abrüstungsverträge unter der Ägide der Vereinten Nationen. Während die dreißig Jahre zwischen der Kuba-Krise und dem Fall des Eisernen Vorhangs für die Abrüstung eine erfolgreiche Periode gewesen seien, seien in den Vereinten Nationen seither außer dem Waffenhandelsvertrag keine weiteren Abrüstungsverträge abgeschlossen worden. Die gegenwärtige Stimmung sei abwartend bis negativ, obwohl es ein Nachholbedürfnis gebe, Abrüstungsverträge an die heutigen politischen Gegebenheiten sowie an den Stand der Technik anzupassen. Die Verfasserin schlägt als Lösung vor, durch eine Politik der kleinen Schritte ein besseres Abrüstungsklima zu schaffen, indem dem Diskurs auf Grundlage zusätzlicher Protokolle zu bestehenden Verträgen und notfalls auch durch ein Ausweichen auf andere Gremien eine neue Richtung verliehen werde.
Access to digital finance
(2024)
Financing entrepreneurship spurs innovation and economic growth. Digital financial platforms that crowdfund equity for entrepreneurs have emerged globally, yet they remain poorly understood. We model equity crowdfunding in terms of the relationship between the number of investors and the amount of money raised per pitch. We examine heterogeneity in the average amount raised per pitch that is associated with differences across three countries and seven platforms. Using a novel dataset of successful fundraising on the most prominent platforms in the UK, Germany, and the USA, we find the underlying relationship between the number of investors and the amount of money raised for entrepreneurs is loglinear, with a coefficient less than one and concave to the origin. We identify significant variation in the average amount invested in each pitch across countries and platforms. Our findings have implications for market actors as well as regulators who set competitive frameworks.
This article re-examines the relationship between Africa and the International Criminal Court (ICC). It traces the successive changes of the African attitude towards this Court, from states' euphoria, to hostility against its work, to regional counter-initiatives through the umbrella of the African Union (AU). The main argument goes beyond the idea of "the Court that Africa wants" in order to identify concrete reasons behind such a formal argument which may have fostered, if not enticed, the majority of African states to become ICC members and actively cooperate with it, when paradoxically some great powers have decided to stay outside its jurisdiction. It also seeks to understand, from a political and legal viewpoint, which parameters have changed since then to provoke that hostile attitude against the Court's work and the entrance of the AU into the debate through the African Common Position on the ICC. Lastly, this article explores African alternatives to the contested ICC justice system. It examines the need to reform the Rome Statute in order to give more independence, credibility and legitimacy to the ICC and its duplication to some extent by the new "Criminal Court of the African Union". Particular attention is paid to the resistance against this idea to reform the ICC justice system.