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Institute
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (36) (remove)
Sharing marketplaces emerged as the new Holy Grail of value creation by enabling exchanges between strangers. Identity reveal, encouraged by platforms, cuts both ways: While inducing pre-transaction confidence, it is suspected of backfiring on the information senders with its discriminative potential. This study employs a discrete choice experiment to explore the role of names as signifiers of discriminative peculiarities and the importance of accompanying cues in peer choices of a ridesharing offer. We quantify users' preferences for quality signals in monetary terms and evidence comparative disadvantage of Middle Eastern descent male names for drivers and co-travelers. It translates into a lower willingness to accept and pay for an offer. Market simulations confirm the robustness of the findings. Further, we discover that females are choosier and include more signifiers of involuntary personal attributes in their decision-making. Price discounts and positive information only partly compensate for the initial disadvantage, and identity concealment is perceived negatively.
One for all, all for one
(2022)
We propose a conceptual model of acceptance of contact tracing apps based on the privacy calculus perspective. Moving beyond the duality of personal benefits and privacy risks, we theorize that users hold social considerations (i.e., social benefits and risks) that underlie their acceptance decisions. To test our propositions, we chose the context of COVID-19 contact tracing apps and conducted a qualitative pre-study and longitudinal quantitative main study with 589 participants from Germany and Switzerland. Our findings confirm the prominence of individual privacy calculus in explaining intention to use and actual behavior. While privacy risks are a significant determinant of intention to use, social risks (operationalized as fear of mass surveillance) have a notably stronger impact. Our mediation analysis suggests that social risks represent the underlying mechanism behind the observed negative link between individual privacy risks and contact tracing apps' acceptance. Furthermore, we find a substantial intention–behavior gap.
Since the beginning of the recent global refugee crisis, researchers have been tackling many of its associated aspects, investigating how we can help to alleviate this crisis, in particular, using ICTs capabilities. In our research, we investigated the use of ICT solutions by refugees to foster the social inclusion process in the host community. To tackle this topic, we conducted thirteen interviews with Syrian refugees in Germany. Our findings reveal different ICT usages by refugees and how these contribute to feeling empowered. Moreover, we show the sources of empowerment for refugees that are gained by ICT use. Finally, we identified the two types of social inclusion benefits that were derived from empowerment sources. Our results provide practical implications to different stakeholders and decision-makers on how ICT usage can empower refugees, which can foster the social inclusion of refugees, and what should be considered to support them in their integration effort.
Enterprise systems have long played an important role in businesses of various sizes. With the increasing complexity of today’s business relationships, pecialized application systems are being used more and more. Moreover, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence are becoming accessible for enterprise systems. This raises the question of the future role of enterprise systems. This minitrack covers novel ideas that contribute to and shape the future role of enterprise systems with five contributions.
Digitale Plattformen
(2020)
Obwohl digitale Plattformen vornehmlich von Großunternehmen betrieben werden, bieten sie klein- und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) Potenziale zur Verbreitung innovativer Technologien und für den Ausbau ihres Geschäftsmodells. Für die Umsetzung digitaler Plattformen stehen Unternehmen mehrere Strategien zur Verfügung. Der Beitrag vergleicht und bewertet grundlegende Strategien am Beispiel eines Maschinenbauunternehmens. Die Ergebnisse dienen als Grundlage für die Entscheidungsfindung von KMU.
Our study applies legitimacy theorizing to service research, zooming in on co-prosumption service business models, which reside on significant direct contacts among provider-actors and customers as well as fellow customers in the service space. Our findings are based on a longitudinal flexible pattern matching method on 17 coworking spaces. The service cocreation nuances the double role of customers as evaluators and cocreators of legitimacy. This is because customers can have immediate perceptions of the actions and values of the services in their legitimacy evaluation while cocreating the service. Legitimacy shaped via social and recursive processes occurs in three stages: provisional, calibrated, and affirmed legitimacy. Findings inform four trajectory mechanisms of value-in-use pattern provenance, emergent Business Model development adaptive to the spatial context and loyal customers, visible trances as well as inside-out and outside-in identification processes. Further, the processes in the micro-ecosystem of an interstitial service space can develop a superordinate logic which overlays the potentially present coopetive and heterogenous institutional logics and interests of service customers.
A multidimensional and analytical perspective on Open Educational Practices in the 21st century
(2022)
Participatory approaches to teaching and learning are experiencing a new lease on life in the 21st century as a result of the rapid technology development. Knowledge, practices, and tools can be shared across spatial and temporal boundaries in higher education by means of Open Educational Resources, Massive Open Online Courses, and open-source technologies. In this context, the Open Education Movement calls for new didactic approaches that encourage greater learner participation in formal higher education. Based on a representative literature review and focus group research, in this study an analytical framework was developed that enables researchers and practitioners to assess the form of participation in formal, collaborative teaching and learning practices. The analytical framework is focused on the micro-level of higher education, in particular on the interaction between students and lecturers when organizing the curriculum. For this purpose, the research reflects anew on the concept of participation, taking into account existing stage models for participation in the educational context. These are then brought together with the dimensions of teaching and learning processes, such as methods, objectives and content, etc. This paper aims to make a valuable contribution to the opening up of learning and teaching, and expands the discourse around possibilities for interpreting Open Educational Practices.
„If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it.“ Dieser Slogan, der u. a. auf Peter Drucker, Henry Deming oder Robert Kaplan und David Norton zurückgehen soll, ist Ausdruck einer tiefen Überzeugung in die Notwendigkeit und den Nutzen des Performance Managements, einem Ansatz der auch die öffentliche Verwaltung erfasst und geprägt hat. Gleichzeitig impliziert er eine entscheidende Rolle von Performance Informationen. Die vorliegende Dissertation rückt das neuralgische Element Performance Information ins Zentrum des Forschungsinteresses, genauer die Verwendung von Kennzahlen.
Ausgangspunkt bildet die wissenschaftliche Beobachtung, dass Kennzahlen nicht immer und automatisch in der vom theoretischen Standpunkt aus erforderlichen und prognostizierten Art und Weise genutzt werden. Eine schlechte Implementierung des Managementansatzes oder Fehler im theoretischen Fundament sind mögliche Erklärungsansätze. Im Zuge der Analyse des Forschungsstandes ist offenkundig geworden, dass Erklärungen vor allem im organisationalen Setting und in Performance Management bezogenen Faktoren gesucht werden; ein Kennzeichen für eine eher technokratische und implementationsbezogene Perspektive auf die Verwendungsproblematik. Die aus neurowissenschaftlicher Sicht wichtige intrapersonale Ebene spielt eine ungeordnete Rolle.
In Anbetracht dessen ist auf der Grundlage neurowissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung die Wirkung erfahrungsbezogener Variablen auf das Verwendungsverhalten untersucht worden. Dabei ist analysiert worden, wie Erfahrungen auf organisationaler Ebene entstehen und wie sie im Detail auf das Nutzungsverhalten wirken. Als Forschungsobjekt sind polizeiliche Führungskräfte herangezogen worden. Die Daten sind Ende 2016/Anfang 2017 online-basiert erhoben worden.
Im Ergebnis der Datenauswertung und Diskussion der Befunde sind folgende Erkenntnisse hervorzuheben:
(1) Erfahrungen beeinflussen die Verwendung von Performance Informationen. Die Art der Erfahrung mit Kennzahlen bildet dabei eine Mediatorvariable. Vor allem organisationale Faktoren, wie der Reifegrad des Performance Management Systems, wirken über den Faktor Erfahrung auf das Verwendungsverhalten.
(2) Erwähnenswert ist zudem, dass die Auseinandersetzung mit Kennzahlen sowohl den Erfahrungsschatz als auch die Nutzung von Kennzahlen positiv beeinflusst. Insgesamt haben sich die neurowissenschaftlich inspirierten Variablen als vielversprechende Erklärungsfaktoren herausgestellt.
(3) Des Weiteren hat die Arbeit bestehende Befunde abgesichert, v. a. die Wirkung des erwähnten Reifegrads. Allerdings sind auch Unterschiede aufgetreten. So büßt zum Beispiel der transformationale Führungsstil i. V. m. Art der Erfahrung seine positive Wirkung auf die Kennzahlennutzung ein.
(4) Interessant sind zudem die Ergebnisse des Labor- und Quasiexperiments. Erstmalig sind nicht zweckorientierte Verwendungsarten experimentell beobachtbar. Zudem sind neuro- und verhaltensökonomische Erklärungsansätze identifiziert und diskutiert worden, die eine Bereicherung des Forschungsdiskurses darstellen. Sie bieten eine neue Perspektive hinsichtlich des Verwendungsverhaltens und liefern Impulse für die weitere Forschung.
Für das New Public Management, in dessen Werkzeugkasten dieser Managementansatz eine Schlüsselrolle einnimmt, wiegen die Forschungsbefunde schwer. Ohne ein funktionierendes Performance Management kann das wichtige Reformziel „Wirkungsorientierung“ nicht erreicht werden. Das NPM läuft damit Gefahr, selbst Dysfunktionen zu entwickeln.
Insgesamt scheint es geboten, in der Auseinandersetzung mit Managementsystemen einen stärkeren Fokus auf intrapersonale Faktoren zu legen. Auch Verhaltensanomalien im Kontext von Management und deren Implikationen sollten näher untersucht werden. Es zeigt sich ferner, dass eine rein technokratische Sichtweise auf das Performance Management nicht zielführend ist. Folglich ist das Performance Management theoretisch wie konzeptionell fortzuentwickeln.
Die Forschungsarbeit liefert somit wichtige neue Erkenntnisse zur Verwendung von Performance Informationen und zum Verständnis von Performance Management. Vor allem erweitert sie den Forschungsdiskurs, da sie die Erklärungskraft intrapersonaler Faktoren aufgezeigt hat sowie methodisch mit dem Mixed-Method-Ansatz (Multimethod-Studie) und theoretisch mittels der Neuro- und Verhaltensökonomie neue Perspektiven hinsichtlich der Verwendungsproblematik eröffnet.
Entrepreneurial failure
(2022)
Although entrepreneurial failure (EF) is a fairly recent topic in entrepreneurship literature, the number of publications has been growing dynamically and particularly rapidly. Our systematic review maps and integrates the research on EF based on a multi-method approach to give structure and consistency to this fragmented field of research. The results reveal that the field revolves around six thematic clusters of EF: 1) Soft underpinnings of EF, 2) Contextuality of EF, 3) Perception of EF, 4) Two-sided effects of EF, 5) Multi-stage EF effects, and 6) Institutional drivers of EF. An integrative framework of the positive and negative effects of entrepreneurial failure is proposed, and a research agenda is suggested.
Digital transformation (DT) is a major challenge for traditional companies. Despite the term, DT is relatively new; its substance is not: a whole stream of research has examined the relationship between DT and firm performance with contradictory findings. Most of these studies have chosen a linear correlational approach, however, did not analyze the holistic interplay of DT dimensions, leading to firm performance. This applies especially to the mature financial services industry and the future perspectives of traditional financial service providers (FSP). Hence, it remains an open question for both research and practice what DT configurations have a positive impact on firm performance. Against this background, the aim of this exploratory study is to examine how DT dimensions are systemically connected to firm performance of incumbent FSP. Drawing on a qualitative-empirical research approach with case data from 83 FSP, we identify digital configurations along different levels of firm performance. Our findings suggest an evolution of digital configurations of FSP, leading to five empirical standard types from which only one managed to establish a profound basis of DT.