Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (64)
- Postprint (7)
- Part of Periodical (5)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Keywords
- Patholinguistik (6)
- Sprachtherapie (6)
- patholinguistics (6)
- Age of acquisition (5)
- prosodic boundary cues (5)
- aging (4)
- speech perception (4)
- Aphasia (3)
- Closure Positive Shift (CPS) (3)
- ERP (3)
- ERPs (3)
- Semantic typicality (3)
- auditory perception (3)
- prosody processing (3)
- speech/language therapy (3)
- Animacy decision (2)
- Event-related Potentials (ERP) (2)
- German (2)
- Information structure (2)
- Language acquisition (2)
- N400 (2)
- SRT (2)
- Semantic classification task (2)
- Sentence processing (2)
- Typicality (2)
- action processing (2)
- action segmentation (2)
- alternative-set semantics (2)
- antecedent choice (2)
- attention (2)
- common ground (2)
- competitive inhibition (2)
- dichotic listening (2)
- event-related potentials (2)
- eye gaze (2)
- eye-tracking (2)
- focus particles (2)
- geistige Behinderung (2)
- implicit learning (2)
- infants (2)
- kinematic boundary cues (2)
- language acquisition (2)
- lexical decision task (2)
- mental deficiency (2)
- non-adjacent dependencies (2)
- perspective-taking (2)
- primary progessive aphasia (2)
- primär progessive Aphasie (2)
- privileged ground (2)
- probe recognition task (2)
- prosody (2)
- reading times (2)
- rule learning (2)
- serial reaction time (SRT) task (2)
- speech segmentation (2)
- speech therapy (2)
- visual context (2)
- web-based (2)
- Aboutness topic (1)
- Action segmentation (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Agrammatism (1)
- Alpha ERD/ERS (1)
- Alternative set (1)
- Analogical reasoning (1)
- Aphasia rehabilitation (1)
- Boundary cues (1)
- Category verification (1)
- Concept familiarity (1)
- Delayed recall (1)
- Development (1)
- Discourse context (1)
- Discourse linking (1)
- Dysphonie (1)
- Early childhood (1)
- Electroencephalography (EEG) (1)
- Event-Related Potential (ERP) technique (1)
- Event-related potentials (1)
- Exemplar generation (1)
- Eye-tracking (1)
- Fluid intelligence (1)
- Focus particles (1)
- Functional connectivity (1)
- German database (1)
- Germans (1)
- Hemispheric specialization (1)
- Kinematic boundary processing (1)
- Language (1)
- Language development (1)
- Language production (1)
- Late positivity (1)
- Lateralization (1)
- Left middle and superior temporal gyri (1)
- Lexical selection (1)
- Lexical-semantic processing (1)
- Memory (1)
- Mental image (1)
- Morphology (1)
- NIRS (1)
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) (1)
- Neural efficiency (1)
- Newborn infants (1)
- Norm data (1)
- Optical imaging (OI) (1)
- Optical tomography (1)
- Pause (1)
- Perception (1)
- Phrase-final lengthening (1)
- Preterm birth (1)
- Production (1)
- Prosodic boundaries (1)
- Prosodic boundary (1)
- Redeflussstörungen (1)
- Response inhibition (1)
- Selbsthilfe (1)
- Semantic categories (1)
- Semantic neighbours (1)
- Semantic priming (1)
- Semantic processing (1)
- Sentence comprehension (1)
- Short-term learning (1)
- Speech discrimination (1)
- Speech perception (1)
- Spoken language comprehension (1)
- Sprechapraxie (1)
- Stimmstörung (1)
- Stimmtherapie (1)
- Stottern (1)
- Syntax-Discourse Model (1)
- Time reference (1)
- Tool use demonstration (1)
- Tool use pantomime (1)
- Topic status (1)
- Transfer (1)
- Verbal communication (1)
- Visual-world paradigm (1)
- Word order variation (1)
- Word processing (1)
- Working memory (1)
- adolescents (1)
- animacy (1)
- apraxia of speech (1)
- attentional bias (1)
- attentional control (1)
- auditory processing (1)
- brain oscillations (1)
- case marking (1)
- child development (1)
- closure positive shift (1)
- conflict monitoring (1)
- coordinates (1)
- cross-cultural comparison (1)
- cue weighting (1)
- decision making (1)
- dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (1)
- duration (1)
- dysphonia (1)
- emotions (1)
- event related potentials (1)
- f0 (1)
- f0 peaks (1)
- fMRI (1)
- facial expressions (1)
- fear bias (1)
- fluency disorder (1)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- geometric analogical reasoning (1)
- headturn preference procedure (1)
- hearing (1)
- high fluid intelligence (1)
- interdisciplinary treatment (1)
- interdisziplinäre Behandlung (1)
- interference control (1)
- intonation phrase boundary (1)
- multiprofessional cooperation (1)
- multiprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit (1)
- n-back training (1)
- near-infrared spectroscopy (1)
- not equal Akhoe Hai parallel to om (1)
- parieto-frontal network (1)
- pause (1)
- pre-final lengthening (1)
- prosodic bootstrapping (1)
- prosodic boundaries (1)
- prosodic cues (1)
- reward association learning (1)
- self-help (1)
- sentence comprehension (1)
- sentence comprehension deficit (1)
- speech and language therapy (1)
- stuttering (1)
- task difficulty (1)
- topic status (1)
- transfer effect (1)
- updating training (1)
- variability (1)
- varying interlocutors (1)
- ventral striatum (1)
- voice therapy (1)
Institute
This study on analogical reasoning evaluates the impact of fluid intelligence on adaptive changes in neural efficiency over the course of an experiment and specifies the underlying cognitive processes. Grade 10 students (N = 80) solved unfamiliar geometric analogy tasks of varying difficulty. Neural efficiency was measured by the event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the alpha band, an indicator of cortical activity. Neural efficiency was defined as a low amount of cortical activity accompanying high performance during problem-solving. Students solved the tasks faster and more accurately the higher their FI was. Moreover, while high FI led to greater cortical activity in the first half of the experiment, high FI was associated with a neurally more efficient processing (i.e., better performance but same amount of cortical activity) in the second half of the experiment. Performance in difficult tasks improved over the course of the experiment for all students while neural efficiency increased for students with higher but decreased for students with lower fluid intelligence. Based on analyses of the alpha sub-bands, we argue that high fluid intelligence was associated with a stronger investment of attentional resource in the integration of information and the encoding of relations in this unfamiliar task in the first half of the experiment (lower-2 alpha band). Students with lower fluid intelligence seem to adapt their applied strategies over the course of the experiment (i.e., focusing on task-relevant information; lower-1 alpha band). Thus, the initially lower cortical activity and its increase in students with lower fluid intelligence might reflect the overcoming of mental overload that was present in the first half of the experiment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Die Konkurrenz schläft nie!
(2020)
A close call
(2018)
The present study investigated how lexical selection is influenced by the number of semantically related representations (semantic neighbourhood density) and their similarity (semantic distance) to the target in a speeded picture-naming task. Semantic neighbourhood density and similarity as continuous variables were used to assess lexical selection for which competitive and noncompetitive mechanisms have been proposed. Previous studies found mixed effects of semantic neighbourhood variables, leaving this issue unresolved. Here, we demonstrate interference of semantic neighbourhood similarity with less accurate naming responses and a higher likelihood of producing semantic errors and omissions over accurate responses for words with semantically more similar (closer) neighbours. No main effect of semantic neighbourhood density and no interaction between semantic neighbourhood density and similarity was found. We assessed further whether semantic neighbourhood density can affect naming performance if semantic neighbours exceed a certain degree of semantic similarity. Semantic similarity between the target and each neighbour was used to split semantic neighbourhood density into two different density variables: The number of semantically close neighbours versus distant neighbours. The results showed a significant effect of close, but not of distant, semantic neighbourhood density: Naming pictures of targets with more close semantic neighbours led to longer naming latencies, less accurate responses, and a higher likelihood for the production of semantic errors and omissions over accurate responses. The results show that word inherent semantic attributes such as semantic neighbourhood similarity and the number of coactivated close semantic neighbours modulate lexical selection supporting theories of competitive lexical processing.
Das 15. Herbsttreffen Patholinguistik mit dem Schwerpunktthema »Interdisziplinär (be-)handeln – Multiprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit in der Sprachtherapie« fand am 20.11.2021 als Online-Veranstaltung statt. Das Herbsttreffen wird seit 2007 jährlich vom Verband für Patholinguistik e.V. (vpl), seit 2021 vom Deutschen Bundesverband für akademische Sprachtherapie und Logopädie (dbs) in Kooperation mit der Universität Potsdam durchgeführt. Der vorliegende Tagungsband beinhaltet die Vorträge zum Schwerpunktthema und Informationen aus der Podiumsdiskussion sowie die Posterpräsentationen zu weiteren Themen aus der sprachtherapeutischen Forschung und Praxis.
The semantics of focus particles like only requires a set of alternatives (Rooth, 1992). In two experiments, we investigated the impact of such particles on the retrieval of alternatives that are mentioned in the prior context or unmentioned. The first experiment used a probe recognition task and showed that focus particles interfere with the recognition of mentioned alternatives and the rejection of unmentioned alternatives relative to a condition without a particle. A second lexical decision experiment demonstrated priming effects for mentioned and unmentioned alternatives (compared with an unrelated condition) while focus particles caused additional interference effects. Overall, our results indicate that focus particles trigger an active search for alternatives and lead to a competition between mentioned alternatives, unmentioned alternatives, and the focused element.
The semantics of focus particles like only requires a set of alternatives (Rooth, 1992). In two experiments, we investigated the impact of such particles on the retrieval of alternatives that are mentioned in the prior context or unmentioned. The first experiment used a probe recognition task and showed that focus particles interfere with the recognition of mentioned alternatives and the rejection of unmentioned alternatives relative to a condition without a particle. A second lexical decision experiment demonstrated priming effects for mentioned and unmentioned alternatives (compared with an unrelated condition) while focus particles caused additional interference effects. Overall, our results indicate that focus particles trigger an active search for alternatives and lead to a competition between mentioned alternatives, unmentioned alternatives, and the focused element.
Moral decision-making is central to everyday social life because the evaluation of the actions of another agent or our own actions made with respect to the norms and values guides our behavior in a community. There is previous evidence that the presence of bodily harm-even if irrelevant for a decision-may affect the decision-making, process. While recent neuroimaging studies found a common neural substrate of moral decision-making, the role of bodily harm has not been systematically studied so far. Here we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate how behavioral and neural correlates of semantic and moral decision-making processes are modulated by the presence of direct bodily harm or violence in the stimuli. Twelve participants made moral and semantic decisions about sentences describing actions of agents that either contained bodily harm or not and that could easily be judged as being good or bad or correct/incorrect, respectively. During moral and semantic decision-making, the presence of bodily harm resulted in faster response times (RT) and weaker activity in the temporal poles relative to trials devoid of bodily harm/violence, indicating a processing advantage and reduced processing depth for violence-related linguistic stimuli. Notably, there was no increase in activity in the amygdala and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in response to trials containing bodily harm. These findings might be a correlate of limited generation of the semantic and emotional context in the anterior temporal poles during the evaluation of actions of another agent related to violence that is made with respect to the norms and values guiding our behavior in a community. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved