Refine
Year of publication
- 2020 (52) (remove)
Document Type
- Postprint (26)
- Article (25)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Language
- English (52)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (52)
Keywords
- football (4)
- language acquisition (4)
- rate of perceived exertion (4)
- rolling averages (4)
- training load (4)
- weighted moving averages (4)
- Broca’s aphasia (2)
- Cardiac rehabilitation (2)
- Cardiovascular diseases (2)
- Children (2)
- Clinical psychology (2)
- ERPs (2)
- Education (2)
- Football (2)
- Frailty (2)
- Geriatric rehabilitation (2)
- Iambic/Trochaic Law (2)
- Mechanotendography (2)
- Outcome measures (2)
- Performance (2)
- Predictors (2)
- Psychotherapeutic competencies (2)
- Psychotherapy research (2)
- Randomized controlled trial (2)
- Repeated sprint (2)
- Role-playing (2)
- SNARC (2)
- Self-stigmatization (2)
- Simulated patients (2)
- Speed (2)
- Standardized patients (2)
- TAVI (2)
- Treatment pathways (2)
- Weight (2)
- Weight bias internalization (2)
- acute chronic workload ratio (2)
- aging (2)
- biological maturation (2)
- bone mineral density (2)
- bone pathologies (2)
- broadband and narrowband dimensions of behavior (2)
- carryover effects (2)
- childhood (2)
- coarticulation (2)
- common ground (2)
- concurrent training (2)
- confidence (2)
- derivation (2)
- developmental dyslexia (2)
- embodied cognition (2)
- emotion (2)
- episodic memory (2)
- exercise (2)
- external training load (2)
- eye-tracking (2)
- force (2)
- gestural organization (2)
- hemispheric asymmetry (2)
- hormones (2)
- human-robot interaction (2)
- impact on pre-activated Achilles tendon (2)
- inclusive education (2)
- injury (2)
- injury risk (2)
- internalizing behavior (2)
- maturity (2)
- mechanical tendinous oscillations (2)
- mental number line (MNL) (2)
- methodology (2)
- monitoring (2)
- morphological decomposition (2)
- morphological errors (2)
- musicality (2)
- neuroendocrine (2)
- newborns (2)
- oarsmen (2)
- on-water performance (2)
- osteoporosis (2)
- overreaching (2)
- overtraining (2)
- paralinguistic features (2)
- performance (2)
- perspective-taking (2)
- physical performance (2)
- physiology (2)
- plyometric training (2)
- postural sway (2)
- prefixes (2)
- privileged ground (2)
- psychosocial stress (2)
- race time (2)
- recognition (2)
- recollection (2)
- recovery (2)
- reliability (2)
- rhythm perception (2)
- rhythmic grouping (2)
- salivary alpha-amylase (2)
- social inclusion (2)
- sociometric neglect (2)
- sociometric status (2)
- spatial frequency (SF) (2)
- spatial-numerical associations (2)
- special educational needs (2)
- speech kinematics (2)
- speech motor control (2)
- speech perception (2)
- synthesized voice (2)
- talent (2)
- tasks (2)
- temporal frequency (2)
- text-to-speech (2)
- training (2)
- transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (2)
- ultrasound imaging (2)
- uncanny valley (2)
- validity (2)
- variability (2)
- vowels (2)
- words (2)
- AMSTAR 2 (1)
- EKP (1)
- ERP (1)
- Eyetracking (1)
- Partikelverben (1)
- Preaktivierung (1)
- Satzverarbeitung (1)
- Stretch-shortening cycle (1)
- Swimming performance (1)
- Vorhersagen (1)
- Young swimmers (1)
- adjectives (1)
- antonymy (1)
- conversational implicature (1)
- depression (1)
- epidemiology (1)
- evidence-based (1)
- eye tracking (1)
- major depression (1)
- medicine (1)
- methodological quality (1)
- negation (1)
- particle verbs (1)
- politeness (1)
- preactivation (1)
- prediction (1)
- psychiatry (1)
- public health (1)
- review (1)
- risk of bias (1)
- selbstbestimmtes Lesen (1)
- self-paced reading (1)
- sentence processing (1)
- social meaning (1)
- systematic (1)
Institute
- Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften (52) (remove)
Background
Weight-related stigmatization is a widespread problem. Particularly the internalization of weight-related stereotypes and prejudices (weight bias internalization, WBI) is related to mental and physical health impairments. To date, little is known about the risk factors of WBI. Previous studies are mainly cross-sectional and based on adult samples. As childhood is a sensitive period for the development of a healthy self-concept, we examined predictors of WBI in children.
Methods
The final sample included 1,463 schoolchildren (6–11 years, 51.7% female) who took part in a prospective study consisting of three measurement waves. The first two waves delivered data on objective weight status and self-reported weight-related teasing, body dissatisfaction, relevance of one’s own figure, self-esteem and depressive symptoms; WBI was measured during the third wave. To examine predictors of WBI, we ran hierarchical regression analyses and exploratory mediation analyses.
Results
Lower parental education level, higher child weight status, female gender, experience of teasing, higher body dissatisfaction, higher figure-relevance, and higher depression scores were found to be predictive for higher WBI scores. Body dissatisfaction (only for girls) and the relevance of one’s own figure (both genders) mediated the association between self-esteem and WBI; no weight-related differences were observed.
Conclusions
Our study offers longitudinal evidence for variables that enable the identification of children who are at risk for WBI. Thus, the findings deliver starting points for interventions aimed at the prevention of adverse health developments that come along with WBI.
Recent studies have suggested that musical rhythm perception ability can affect the phonological system. The most prevalent causal account for developmental dyslexia is the phonological deficit hypothesis. As rhythm is a subpart of phonology, we hypothesized that reading deficits in dyslexia are associated with rhythm processing in speech and in music. In a rhythmic grouping task, adults with diagnosed dyslexia and age-matched controls listened to speech streams with syllables alternating in intensity, duration, or neither, and indicated whether they perceived a strong-weak or weak-strong rhythm pattern. Additionally, their reading and musical rhythm abilities were measured. Results showed that adults with dyslexia had lower musical rhythm abilities than adults without dyslexia. Moreover, lower musical rhythm ability was associated with lower reading ability in dyslexia. However, speech grouping by adults with dyslexia was not impaired when musical rhythm perception ability was controlled: like adults without dyslexia, they showed consistent preferences. However, rhythmic grouping was predicted by musical rhythm perception ability, irrespective of dyslexia. The results suggest associations among musical rhythm perception ability, speech rhythm perception, and reading ability. This highlights the importance of considering individual variability to better understand dyslexia and raises the possibility that musical rhythm perception ability is a key to phonological and reading acquisition.
Commentary
(2020)
Recent studies have suggested that musical rhythm perception ability can affect the phonological system. The most prevalent causal account for developmental dyslexia is the phonological deficit hypothesis. As rhythm is a subpart of phonology, we hypothesized that reading deficits in dyslexia are associated with rhythm processing in speech and in music. In a rhythmic grouping task, adults with diagnosed dyslexia and age-matched controls listened to speech streams with syllables alternating in intensity, duration, or neither, and indicated whether they perceived a strong-weak or weak-strong rhythm pattern. Additionally, their reading and musical rhythm abilities were measured. Results showed that adults with dyslexia had lower musical rhythm abilities than adults without dyslexia. Moreover, lower musical rhythm ability was associated with lower reading ability in dyslexia. However, speech grouping by adults with dyslexia was not impaired when musical rhythm perception ability was controlled: like adults without dyslexia, they showed consistent preferences. However, rhythmic grouping was predicted by musical rhythm perception ability, irrespective of dyslexia. The results suggest associations among musical rhythm perception ability, speech rhythm perception, and reading ability. This highlights the importance of considering individual variability to better understand dyslexia and raises the possibility that musical rhythm perception ability is a key to phonological and reading acquisition.
Although a relatively large number of studies on acquired language impairments have tested the case of derivational morphology, none of these have specifically investigated whether there are differences in how prefixed and suffixed derived words are impaired. Based on linguistic and psycholinguistic considerations on prefixed and suffixed derived words, differences in how these two types of derivations are processed, and consequently impaired, are predicted. In the present study, we investigated the errors produced in reading aloud simple, prefixed, and suffixed words by three German individuals with agrammatic aphasia (NN, LG, SA). We found that, while NN and LG produced similar numbers of errors with prefixed and suffixed words, SA showed a selective impairment for prefixed words. Furthermore, NN and SA produced more errors specifically involving the affix with prefixed words than with suffixed words. We discuss our findings in terms of relative position of stem and affix in prefixed and suffixed words, as well as in terms of specific properties of prefixes and suffixes.
Objective: To determine immediate performance measures for short-term, multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in clinical routine in patients of working age, taking into
account cardiovascular risk factors, physical performance, social medicine, and subjective health parameters and to explore the underlying dimensionality.
Design: Prospective observational multicenter register study in 12 rehabilitation centers throughout Germany.
Setting: Comprehensive 3-week CR.
Background
Aim of the study was to find predictors of allocating patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to geriatric (GR) or cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and describe this new patient group based on a differentiated characterization.
Methods
From 10/2013 to 07/2015, 344 patients with an elective TAVI were consecutively enrolled in this prospective multicentric cohort study. Before intervention, sociodemographic parameters, echocardiographic data, comorbidities, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), quality of life and frailty (score indexing activities of daily living [ADL], cognition, nutrition and mobility) were documented. Out of these, predictors for assignment to CR or GR after TAVI were identified using a multivariable regression model.
Results
After TAVI, 249 patients (80.7 ± 5.1 years, 59.0% female) underwent CR (n = 198) or GR (n = 51). GR patients were older, less physically active and more often had a level of care, peripheral artery disease as well as a lower left ventricular ejection fraction. The groups also varied in 6MWD. Furthermore, individual components of frailty revealed prognostic impact: higher values in instrumental ADL reduced the probability for referral to GR (OR:0.49, p < 0.001), while an impaired mobility was positively associated with referral to GR (OR:3.97, p = 0.046). Clinical parameters like stroke (OR:0.19 of GR, p = 0.038) and the EuroSCORE (OR:1.04 of GR, p = 0.026) were also predictive.
Conclusion
Advanced age patients after TAVI referred to CR or GR differ in several parameters and seem to be different patient groups with specific needs, e.g. regarding activities of daily living and mobility. Thus, our data prove the eligibility of both CR and GR settings.
One of the most important social cognitive skills in humans is the ability to “put oneself in someone else’s shoes,” that is, to take another person’s perspective. In socially situated communication, perspective taking enables the listener to arrive at a meaningful interpretation of what is said (sentence meaning) and what is meant (speaker’s meaning) by the speaker. To successfully decode the speaker’s meaning, the listener has to take into account which information he/she and the speaker share in their common ground (CG). We here further investigated competing accounts about when and how CG information affects language comprehension by means of reaction time (RT) measures, accuracy data, event-related potentials (ERPs), and eye-tracking. Early integration accounts would predict that CG information is considered immediately and would hence not expect to find costs of CG integration. Late integration accounts would predict a rather late and effortful integration of CG information during the parsing process that might be reflected in integration or updating costs. Other accounts predict the simultaneous integration of privileged ground (PG) and CG perspectives. We used a computerized version of the referential communication game with object triplets of different sizes presented visually in CG or PG. In critical trials (i.e., conflict trials), CG information had to be integrated while privileged information had to be suppressed. Listeners mastered the integration of CG (response accuracy 99.8%). Yet, slower RTs, and enhanced late positivities in the ERPs showed that CG integration had its costs. Moreover, eye-tracking data indicated an early anticipation of referents in CG but an inability to suppress looks to the privileged competitor, resulting in later and longer looks to targets in those trials, in which CG information had to be considered. Our data therefore support accounts that foresee an early anticipation of referents to be in CG but a rather late and effortful integration if conflicting information has to be processed. We show that both perspectives, PG and CG, contribute to socially situated language processing and discuss the data with reference to theoretical accounts and recent findings on the use of CG information for reference resolution.
Objective: To determine immediate performance measures for short-term, multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in clinical routine in patients of working age, taking into
account cardiovascular risk factors, physical performance, social medicine, and subjective health parameters and to explore the underlying dimensionality.
Design: Prospective observational multicenter register study in 12 rehabilitation centers throughout Germany.
Setting: Comprehensive 3-week CR.
Background
Aim of the study was to find predictors of allocating patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to geriatric (GR) or cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and describe this new patient group based on a differentiated characterization.
Methods
From 10/2013 to 07/2015, 344 patients with an elective TAVI were consecutively enrolled in this prospective multicentric cohort study. Before intervention, sociodemographic parameters, echocardiographic data, comorbidities, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), quality of life and frailty (score indexing activities of daily living [ADL], cognition, nutrition and mobility) were documented. Out of these, predictors for assignment to CR or GR after TAVI were identified using a multivariable regression model.
Results
After TAVI, 249 patients (80.7 ± 5.1 years, 59.0% female) underwent CR (n = 198) or GR (n = 51). GR patients were older, less physically active and more often had a level of care, peripheral artery disease as well as a lower left ventricular ejection fraction. The groups also varied in 6MWD. Furthermore, individual components of frailty revealed prognostic impact: higher values in instrumental ADL reduced the probability for referral to GR (OR:0.49, p < 0.001), while an impaired mobility was positively associated with referral to GR (OR:3.97, p = 0.046). Clinical parameters like stroke (OR:0.19 of GR, p = 0.038) and the EuroSCORE (OR:1.04 of GR, p = 0.026) were also predictive.
Conclusion
Advanced age patients after TAVI referred to CR or GR differ in several parameters and seem to be different patient groups with specific needs, e.g. regarding activities of daily living and mobility. Thus, our data prove the eligibility of both CR and GR settings.