Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (31661) (remove)
Year of publication
- 2024 (33)
- 2023 (343)
- 2022 (1409)
- 2021 (1397)
- 2020 (1553)
- 2019 (1546)
- 2018 (1588)
- 2017 (1399)
- 2016 (1274)
- 2015 (1098)
- 2014 (1111)
- 2013 (1035)
- 2012 (1120)
- 2011 (1040)
- 2010 (668)
- 2009 (941)
- 2008 (535)
- 2007 (548)
- 2006 (904)
- 2005 (1062)
- 2004 (1162)
- 2003 (839)
- 2002 (725)
- 2001 (794)
- 2000 (1040)
- 1999 (1177)
- 1998 (1082)
- 1997 (1007)
- 1996 (1041)
- 1995 (1050)
- 1994 (687)
- 1993 (241)
- 1992 (109)
- 1991 (87)
Document Type
- Article (31661) (remove)
Language
Keywords
- climate change (94)
- Germany (70)
- stars: massive (55)
- diffusion (46)
- gamma rays: general (46)
- stars: early-type (46)
- German (45)
- stars: winds, outflows (44)
- Climate change (42)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (40)
Institute
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (4068)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (3711)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (2771)
- Institut für Chemie (2397)
- Department Psychologie (1745)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (1110)
- Historisches Institut (1092)
- Institut für Romanistik (1072)
- Institut für Mathematik (1040)
- Sozialwissenschaften (1030)
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (1005)
- Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie (898)
- Institut für Germanistik (870)
- Department Linguistik (764)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (762)
- Department Erziehungswissenschaft (760)
- Institut für Informatik und Computational Science (562)
- Bürgerliches Recht (533)
- Öffentliches Recht (454)
- Department Grundschulpädagogik (448)
- Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik (433)
- Institut für Jüdische Studien und Religionswissenschaft (392)
- Philosophische Fakultät (317)
- Fachgruppe Politik- & Verwaltungswissenschaft (237)
- Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften (215)
- Institut für Slavistik (205)
- Strafrecht (200)
- Lehreinheit für Wirtschafts-Arbeit-Technik (193)
- Fachgruppe Betriebswirtschaftslehre (188)
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering gGmbH (188)
- Institut für Künste und Medien (186)
- Extern (177)
- Department für Inklusionspädagogik (157)
- Fachgruppe Soziologie (114)
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH (111)
- MenschenRechtsZentrum (102)
- Fachgruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre (101)
- WeltTrends e.V. Potsdam (101)
- Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät (67)
- Department Musik und Kunst (66)
- Strukturbereich Bildungswissenschaften (66)
- Institut für Philosophie (64)
- Zentrum für Gerechtigkeitsforschung (64)
- An-Institute (61)
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (55)
- Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften (54)
- Institut für Jüdische Theologie (51)
- Humanwissenschaftliche Fakultät (47)
- Klassische Philologie (46)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Dynamik komplexer Systeme (45)
- Zentrum für Sprachen und Schlüsselkompetenzen (Zessko) (33)
- ZIM - Zentrum für Informationstechnologie und Medienmanagement (31)
- Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung (ZeLB) (30)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Dünne Organische und Biochemische Schichten (26)
- Zentrum für Lern- und Lehrforschung (26)
- Zentrum für Umweltwissenschaften (25)
- Universitätsbibliothek (20)
- Kommunalwissenschaftliches Institut (13)
- Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum für europäisch-jüdische Studien e. V. (13)
- Potsdam Research Institute for Multilingualism (PRIM) (12)
- Universitätsleitung und Verwaltung (12)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Biopolymere (11)
- Hochschulambulanz (10)
- Juristische Fakultät (9)
- Potsdam Transfer - Zentrum für Gründung, Innovation, Wissens- und Technologietransfer (9)
- Institut für Lebensgestaltung-Ethik-Religionskunde (6)
- Abraham Geiger Kolleg gGmbH (5)
- Institut für Religionswissenschaft (5)
- Gesundheitsmanagement (4)
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) e. V. (4)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Kognitive Studien (3)
- Multilingualism (3)
- Projekte (3)
- Theodor-Fontane-Archiv (3)
- Zentrum für Qualitätsentwicklung in Lehre und Studium (ZfQ) (3)
- DV und Statistik Wirtschaftswissenschaften (2)
- Digital Engineering Fakultät (2)
- Forschungsbereich „Politik, Verwaltung und Management“ (2)
- Gleichstellungsbeauftragte (2)
- Institut für angewandte Familien-, Kindheits- und Jugendforschung e.V. (2)
- Kanonistisches Institut e.V. (2)
- UP Transfer (2)
- Zentrum für Australienforschung (2)
- Akademie für Psychotherapie und Interventionsforschung GmbH (1)
- Arbeitskreis Militär und Gesellschaft in der Frühen Neuzeit e. V. (1)
- Botanischer Garten (1)
- Chief Information Officer (CIO) (1)
- Geschlechtersoziologie (1)
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Massenspektronomie von Biopolymeren (1)
- Kanzler (1)
- Organe und Gremien (1)
- Patholinguistics/Neurocognition of Language (1)
- Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e. V. (1)
- Zentrale und wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen (1)
Losses of radiation belt energetic particles by encounters with four of the inner Moons of Jupiter
(2022)
Based on an improved model of the moon absorption of Jovian radiation belt particles, we investigate quantitatively and comprehensively the absorption probabilities and particle lifetimes due to encounters with four of the inner moons of Jupiter (Amalthea, Thebe, Io, and Europa) inside L < 10. Our results demonstrate that the resultant average lifetimes of energetic protons and electrons vary dramatically between similar to 0.1 days and well above 1,000 days, showing a strong dependence on the particle equatorial pitch angle, kinetic energy and moon orbit. The average lifetimes of energetic protons and electrons against moon absorption are shortest for Io (i.e., similar to 0.1-10 days) and longest for Thebe (i.e., up to thousands of days), with the lifetimes in between for Europa and Amalthea. Due to the diploe tilt angle absorption effect, the average lifetimes of energetic protons and electrons vary markedly below and above alpha eq ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{q}}$ = 67 degrees. Overall, the average electron lifetimes exhibit weak pitch angle dependence, but the average proton lifetimes are strongly dependent on equatorial pitch angle. The average lifetimes of energetic protons decrease monotonically and substantially with the kinetic energy, but the average lifetimes of energetic electrons are roughly constant at energies <similar to 10 MeV, increase substantially around the Kepler velocities of the moons (similar to 10-50 MeV), and decrease quickly at even higher energies. Compared with the averaged electron lifetimes, the average proton lifetimes are longer at energies below a few MeV and shorter at energies above tens of MeV.
transferGWAS
(2022)
Motivation:
Medical images can provide rich information about diseases and their biology. However, investigating their association with genetic variation requires non-standard methods. We propose transferGWAS, a novel approach to perform genome-wide association studies directly on full medical images. First, we learn semantically meaningful representations of the images based on a transfer learning task, during which a deep neural network is trained on independent but similar data. Then, we perform genetic association tests with these representations.
Results:
We validate the type I error rates and power of transferGWAS in simulation studies of synthetic images. Then we apply transferGWAS in a genome-wide association study of retinal fundus images from the UK Biobank. This first-of-a-kind GWAS of full imaging data yielded 60 genomic regions associated with retinal fundus images, of which 7 are novel candidate loci for eye-related traits and diseases.
Das Sterben entschärfen
(2022)
Aims/hypothesis
Studies suggest decreased mortality risk among people who are overweight or obese compared with individuals with normal weight in type 2 diabetes (obesity paradox). However, the relationship between body weight or weight change and microvascular vs macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes remains unresolved. We investigated the association between BMI and BMI change with long-term risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study.
Methods
We studied participants with incident type 2 diabetes from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, who were free of cancer, cardiovascular disease and microvascular disease at diagnosis (n = 1083). Pre-diagnosis BMI and relative annual change between pre- and post-diagnosis BMI were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox models.
Results
There were 85 macrovascular (myocardial infarction and stroke) and 347 microvascular events (kidney disease, neuropathy and retinopathy) over a median follow-up of 10.8 years. Median pre-diagnosis BMI was 29.9 kg/m(2) (IQR 27.4-33.2), and the median relative annual BMI change was -0.4% (IQR -2.1 to 0.9). Higher pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with total microvascular complications (multivariable-adjusted HR per 5 kg/m(2) [95% CI]: 1.21 [1.07, 1.36], kidney disease 1.39 [1.21, 1.60] and neuropathy 1.12 [0.96, 1.31]) but not with macrovascular complications (HR 1.05 [95% CI 0.81, 1.36]). Analyses according to BMI categories corroborated these findings. Effect modification was not evident by sex, smoking status or age groups. In analyses according to BMI change categories, BMI loss of more than 1% indicated a decreased risk of total microvascular complications (HR 0.62 [95% CI 0.47, 0.80]), kidney disease (HR 0.57 [95% CI 0.40, 0.81]) and neuropathy (HR 0.73 [95% CI 0.52, 1.03]), compared with participants with a stable BMI; no clear association was observed for macrovascular complications (HR 1.04 [95% CI 0.62, 1.74]). The associations between BMI gain compared with stable BMI and diabetes-related vascular complications were less apparent. Associations were consistent across strata of sex, age, pre-diagnosis BMI or medication but appeared to be stronger among never-smokers compared with current or former smokers.
Conclusions/interpretation
Among people with incident type 2 diabetes, pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with microvascular complications, while a reduced risk was observed with weight loss when compared with stable weight. The relationships with macrovascular disease were less clear.
Self-assembly of plasmonic nanoantenna-waveguide structures for subdiffractional chiral sensing
(2021)
Spin-momentum locking is a peculiar effect in the near-field of guided optical or plasmonic modes. It can be utilized to map the spinning or handedness of electromagnetic fields onto the propagation direction. This motivates a method to probe the circular dichroism of an illuminated chiral object. In this work, we demonstrate local, subdiffraction limited chiral coupling of light and propagating surface plasmon polaritons in a self-assembled system of a gold nanoantenna and a silver nanowire. A thin silica shell around the nanowire provides precise distance control and also serves as a host for fluorescent molecules, which indicate the direction of plasmon propagation. We characterize our nanoantenna-nanowire systems comprehensively through correlated electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dark-field, and fluorescence imaging. Three-dimensional numerical simulations support the experimental findings. Besides our measurement of far-field polarization, we estimate sensing capabilities and derive not only a sensitivity of 1 mdeg for the ellipticity of the light field, but also find 10(3) deg cm(2)/dmol for the circular dichroism of an analyte locally introduced in the hot spot of the antenna-wire system. Thorough modeling of a prototypical design predicts on-chip sensing of chiral analytes. This introduces our system as an ultracompact sensor for chiral response far below the diffraction limit.
We present a reconstruction of the dynamics of the radiation belts from solar cycles 17 to 24 which allows us to study how radiation belt activity has varied between the different solar cycles. The radiation belt simulations are produced using the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB)-3D code. The VERB-3D code simulations incorporate radial, energy, and pitch angle diffusion to reproduce the radiation belts. Our simulations use the historical measurements of Kp (available since solar cycle 17, i.e., 1933) to model the evolution radiation belt dynamics between L* = 1-6.6. A nonlinear auto regressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural network was trained off GOES 15 measurements (January 2011-March 2014) and used to supply the upper boundary condition (L* = 6.6) over the course of solar cycles 17-24 (i.e., 1933-2017). Comparison of the model with long term observations of the Van Allen Probes and CRRES demonstrates that our model, driven by the NARX boundary, can reconstruct the general evolution of the radiation belt fluxes. Solar cycle 24 (January 2008-2017) has been the least active of the considered solar cycles which resulted in unusually low electron fluxes. Our results show that solar cycle 24 should not be used as a representative solar cycle for developing long term environment models. The developed reconstruction of fluxes can be used to develop or improve empirical models of the radiation belts.
Context. The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is the most luminous satellite galaxy of the Milky Way and, owing to its companion, the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), represents an excellent laboratory to study the interaction of dwarf galaxies. Aims. The aim of this study is to investigate the kinematics of the outer regions of the LMC by using stellar proper motions to understand the impact of interactions, for example with the SMC about 250 Myr ago. Methods. We calculate proper motions using multi-epoch K s -band images from the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Cloud system (VMC). Observations span a time baseline of 2-5 yr. We combine the VMC data with data from the Gaia Early Data Release 3 and introduce a new method to distinguish between Magellanic and Milky Way stars based on a machine learning algorithm. This new technique enables a larger and cleaner sample selection of fainter sources as it reaches below the red clump of the LMC. Results. We investigate the impact of the SMC on the rotational field of the LMC and find hints of stripped SMC debris. The southeastern region of the LMC shows a slow rotational speed compared to the overall rotation. N-body simulations suggest that this could be caused by a fraction of stripped SMC stars located in that particular region that move opposite to the expected rotation.
Fast Holocene slip and localized strain along the Liquiñe-Ofqui strike-slip fault system, Chile
(2021)
In active tectonic settings dominated by strike-slip kinematics, slip partitioning across subparallel faults is a common feature; therefore, assessing the degree of partitioning and strain localization is paramount for seismic hazard assessments. Here, we estimate a slip rate of 18.8 +/- 2.0 mm/year over the past 9.0 +/- 0.1 ka for a single strand of the Liquirie-Ofqui Fault System, which straddles the Main Cordillera in Southern Chile. This Holocene rate accounts for similar to 82% of the trench-parallel component of oblique plate convergence and is similar to million-year estimates integrated over the entire fault system. Our results imply that strain localizes on a single fault at millennial time scale but over longer time scales strain localization is not sustained. The fast millennial slip rate in the absence of historical Mw> 6.5 earthquakes along the Liquine-Ofqui Fault System implies either a component of aseismic slip or Mw similar to 7 earthquakes involving multi-trace ruptures and > 150-year repeat times. Our results have implications for the understanding of strike-slip fault system dynamics within volcanic arcs and seismic hazard assessments.
Aims/hypothesis It was shown that maternal endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) deficiency causes fatty liver disease and numerically lower fasting glucose in female wild-type offspring, suggesting that parental genetic variants may influence the offspring's phenotype via epigenetic modifications in the offspring despite the absence of a primary genetic defect. The aim of the current study was to analyse whether paternal eNOS deficiency may cause the same phenotype as seen with maternal eNOS deficiency. Methods Heterozygous (+/-) male eNOS (Nos3) knockout mice or wild-type male mice were bred with female wild-type mice. The phenotype of wild-type offspring of heterozygous male eNOS knockout mice was compared with offspring from wild-type parents. Results Global sperm DNA methylation decreased and sperm microRNA pattern altered substantially. Fasting glucose and liver glycogen storage were increased when analysing wild-type male and female offspring of +/- eNOS fathers. Wild-type male but not female offspring of +/- eNOS fathers had increased fasting insulin and increased insulin after glucose load. Analysing candidate genes for liver fat and carbohydrate metabolism revealed that the expression of genes encoding glucocorticoid receptor (Gr; also known as Nr3c1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Pgc1a; also known as Ppargc1a) was increased while DNA methylation of Gr exon 1A and Pgc1a promoter was decreased in the liver of male wild-type offspring of +/- eNOS fathers. The endocrine pancreas in wild-type offspring was not affected. <br /> Conclusions/interpretation Our study suggests that paternal genetic defects such as eNOS deficiency may alter the epigenome of the sperm without transmission of the paternal genetic defect itself. In later life wild-type male offspring of +/- eNOS fathers developed increased fasting insulin and increased insulin after glucose load. These effects are associated with increased Gr and Pgc1a gene expression due to altered methylation of these genes.