Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (45)
Year of publication
- 2015 (45) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (45) (remove)
Language
- English (45) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (45)
Keywords
- Endothelin (2)
- Inflammation (2)
- Solanaceae (2)
- Sphingosine kinase (2)
- type 2 diabetes (2)
- 1-Phenylethanol (1)
- 2-Phenylethanol (1)
- 3,5-Dimethoxytoluene (1)
- AOAC (1)
- APOM protein (1)
- Abrus precatorius (1)
- Acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- Akt signaling (1)
- Alcohol dependence (1)
- Alpine metamorphism (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Apoptosis (1)
- Arsenolipids (1)
- Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (1)
- BMP4 (1)
- Beta-amylase (1)
- Bioavailability (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Blood platelets (1)
- Brassicaceae (1)
- Caco-2 intestinal barrier model (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Camellia sinensis (1)
- Cameroon (1)
- Cardiovascular (1)
- Carotenoid (1)
- Case-control study (1)
- Catechins (1)
- Ceramide (1)
- Chronic kidney disease (1)
- Clinical (1)
- Coagulation (1)
- Cognition (1)
- Colitis (1)
- Colon cancer (1)
- Connective tissue growth factor (1)
- Cyp2b1 (1)
- Cytotoxicity (1)
- DNA methylation (1)
- Dengue (1)
- Depression (1)
- Development (1)
- Diabetic cardiomyopathy (1)
- Diabetic nephropathy (1)
- Diagnostic (1)
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition (1)
- Disease (1)
- Doehlert design (1)
- Dopamine (1)
- Drug metabolism (1)
- Endocrine disruption (1)
- Endothelial cells (1)
- Endothelial dysfunction (1)
- Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (1)
- Epigenetic (1)
- Extraction (1)
- Fabaceae (1)
- Fibrosis (1)
- Firefly luciferase inhibition (1)
- Floral scent compound (1)
- Freeze-fracturing (1)
- Gastrointestinal tract (1)
- Gene expression (1)
- Glycerophospholipids (1)
- HPLC (1)
- Hepatotoxicity (1)
- High pressure - low temperature treatments (1)
- Host-plant suitability (1)
- Human (1)
- Human differentiated neurons (1)
- Hypoxia (1)
- Isotope-dilution analysis (1)
- Life science (1)
- Lipid (1)
- Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (1)
- Lu-Hf geochronology (1)
- Lysophosphatidylcholines (1)
- Manganese (1)
- Mass spectrometry (1)
- Membrane (1)
- Menderes Massif (1)
- Mercuric mercury (1)
- Mesoangioblasts (1)
- Methylmercury (1)
- Mice (1)
- Micellar caseins (1)
- Microbial degradation (1)
- Migration (1)
- Morphogenesis (1)
- Motor coordination (1)
- Multiple herbivory (1)
- Myoblasts (1)
- Myzus persicae (1)
- Neurotoxicity (1)
- Nitric oxide (1)
- Nuclear receptor (1)
- Oxidative stress (1)
- Pea flour (1)
- Pea protein isolate (1)
- Pest infestation (1)
- Pest-pest interaction (1)
- Phenylpropanoids (1)
- Phosphatidylcholines (1)
- Phosphatidylinositols (1)
- Physicochemical properties (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plasmalogens (1)
- Prediabetes (1)
- Presystemic metabolism (1)
- Procyanidins (1)
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (1)
- Purification (1)
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (1)
- Relaxin (1)
- Rosa x level (1)
- S1P(3) receptor (1)
- SU5416 (1)
- Serotonin (1)
- Short chain dehydrogenase (1)
- Solanum lycopersicum (1)
- Spectrophotometry (1)
- Sphingolipids (1)
- Sphingomyelin (1)
- Sphingosine 1phosphate (1)
- Structural changes (1)
- Tandem mass spectrometry (1)
- Technofunctional properties (1)
- Tetranychus urticae (1)
- Thiomersal (1)
- Three phase partitioning (1)
- Thyroid hormone (1)
- ToF-SIMS imaging (1)
- Toxicity (1)
- Transactivation assay (1)
- Transcriptomics (1)
- Transforming growth factor beta (1)
- Transmembrane asymmetry (1)
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (1)
- Volatile compound (1)
- Whey proteins (1)
- Xenobesity (1)
- Yolk (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- albuminuria (1)
- aphids (1)
- auditory neurons (1)
- carotenoids (1)
- carotenoids bioavailability (1)
- cells (1)
- ceramide (1)
- chronic kidney disease (1)
- coenzyme-a (1)
- database (1)
- differentiation (1)
- energy-metabolism (1)
- first trimester (1)
- garnet (1)
- gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (1)
- glutathione (1)
- glycaemic control (1)
- hallervorden-spatz-syndrome (1)
- hypertension (1)
- iCheck (1)
- inflammation (1)
- insulin (1)
- integrins (1)
- kidney dysfunction (1)
- large for gestational age fetus (LGA) (1)
- linagliptin (1)
- micronutrient deficiencies (1)
- mobility-mass spectrometry (1)
- model (1)
- neurodegeneration (1)
- neurotoxicity (1)
- plant volatiles (1)
- platelets (1)
- proliferation (1)
- protein microheterogeneity (1)
- retinol (ROH) (1)
- serum retinol binding protein (RBP4) (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- spider mites (1)
- survival (1)
- systemic response (1)
- terpenoids (1)
- transthyretin (TTR) (1)
- tumor-metastasis (1)
- type 2 diabetes mellitus (1)
- vitamin A deficiency (1)
- zinc/iron supplementation (1)
Institute
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (45) (remove)
Background/Aims: In diabetic nephropathy (DN), the current angiotensin-II-blocking pharmacotherapy is frequently failing. For diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC), there is no specific remedy available. Relaxin-2 (Rlx) - an anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and vasoprotecting peptide - is a candidate drug for both. Methods: Low-dose (32 mu g/kg/day) and high-dose (320 mu g/kg/day) Rlx were tested against vehicle (n = 20 each) and non-diabetic controls (n = 14) for 12 weeks in a model of type-1 diabetes induced in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knock-out (eNOS-KO) mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Results: Diabetic animals showed normal plasma creatinine, markedly increased albuminuria and urinary malonyldialdehyde, elevated relative kidney weight, glomerulosclerosis, and increased glomerular size, but no relevant interstitial fibrosis. Neither dose of Rlx affected these changes although the drug was active and targeted plasma levels were achieved. Of note, we found no activation of the renal TGF-beta pathway in this model. In the hearts of diabetic animals, no fibrotic alterations indicative of DC could be determined which precluded testing of the initial hypothesis. Conclusions: We investigated a model showing early DN without overt tubulo-interstitial fibrosis and activation of the TGF-beta-Smad-2/3 pathway. In this model, Rlx proved ineffective; however, the same may not apply to other models and types of diabetes.
Loss of pdr-1/parkin influences Mn homeostasis through altered ferroportin expression in C-elegans
(2015)
cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (Cisplatin) is one of the most important and frequently used cytostatic drugs for the treatment of various solid tumors. Herein, a laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method incorporating a fast and simple sample preparation protocol was developed for the elemental mapping of Cisplatin in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The method allows imaging of the spatially-resolved elemental distribution of platinum in the whole organism with respect to the anatomic structure in L4 stage worms at a lateral resolution of 5 mm. In addition, a dose- and time-dependent Cisplatin uptake was corroborated quantitatively by a total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF) method, and the elemental mapping indicated that Cisplatin is located in the intestine and in the head of the worms. Better understanding of the distribution of Cisplatin in this well-established model organism will be instrumental in deciphering Cisplatin toxicity and pharmacokinetics. Since the cytostatic effect of Cisplatin is based on binding the DNA by forming intra- and interstrand crosslinks, the response of poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism enzyme 1 (pme-1) deletion mutants to Cisplatin was also examined. Loss of pme-1, which is the C. elegans ortholog of human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) led to disturbed DNA damage response. With respect to survival and brood size, pme-1 deletion mutants were more sensitive to Cisplatin as compared to wildtype worms, while Cisplatin uptake was indistinguishable.
Arsenic-containing fatty acids are a group of fat-soluble arsenic species (arsenolipids) which are present in marine fish and other seafood. Recently, it has been shown that arsenic-containing hydrocarbons, another group of arsenolipids, exert toxicity in similar concentrations comparable to arsenite although the toxic modes of action differ. Hence, a risk assessment of arsenolipids is urgently needed. In this study the cellular toxicity of a saturated (AsFA 362) and an unsaturated (AsFA 388) arsenic-containing fatty acid and three of their proposed metabolites (DMA(V), DMAPr and thio-DMAPr) were investigated in human liver cells (HepG2). Even though both arsenic-containing fatty acids were less toxic as compared to arsenic-containing hydrocarbons and arsenite, significant effects were observable at mu M concentrations. DMA(V) causes effects in a similar concentration range and it could be seen that it is metabolised to its highly toxic thio analogue thio-DMA(V) in HepG2 cells. Nevertheless, DMAPr and thio-DMAPr did not exert any cytotoxicity. In summary, our data indicate that risks to human health related to the presence of arsenic-containing fatty acids in marine food cannot be excluded. This stresses the need for a full in vitro and in vivo toxicological characterisation of these arsenolipids.
Background: Previous studies have shown that BMP4 may play an important part in the development of auditory neurons (ANs), which are degenerated in sensorineural hearing loss. However, whether BMP4 can promote sensory fate specification from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is unknown so far.
Methods: MSCs isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were confirmed by expression of MSC markers using flow cytometry and adipogenesis/osteogenesis using differentiation assays. MSCs treated with a complex of neurotrophic factors (BMP4 group and non-BMP4 group) were induced into auditory neuron-like cells, then the differences between the two groups were analyzed in morphological observation, cell growth curve, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence.
Results: Flow cytometric analysis showed that the isolated cells expressed typical MSC surface markers. After adipogenic and osteogenic induction, the cells were stained by oil red O and Alizarin Red. The neuronal induced cells were in the growth plateau and had special forms of neurons. In the presence of BMP4, the inner ear genes NF-M, Neurog1, GluR4, NeuroD, Calretinin, NeuN, Tau, and GATA3 were up-regulated in MSCs.
Conclusions: MSCs have the capacity to differentiate into auditory neuron-like cells in vitro. As an effective inducer, BMP4 may play a key role in transdifferentiation.
Exposure to organic mercury compounds promotes primarily neurological effects. Although methylmercury is recognized as a potent neurotoxicant, its transfer into the central nervous system (CNS) is not fully evaluated. While methylmercury and thiomersal pass the blood-brain barrier, limited data are available regarding the second brain regulating interface, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. This novel study was designed to investigate the effects of organic as well as inorganic mercury compounds on, and their transfer across, a porcine in vitro model of the blood-CSF barrier for the first time. The barrier system is significantly more sensitive towards organic Hg compounds as compared to inorganic compounds regarding the endpoints cytotoxicity and barrier integrity. Whereas there are low transfer rates from the blood side to the CSF side, our results strongly indicate an active transfer of the organic mercury compounds out of the CSF. These results are the first to demonstrate an efflux of organic mercury compounds regarding the CNS and provide a completely new approach in the understanding of mercury compounds specific transport.
Organic mercury (Hg) species exert their toxicity primarily in the central nervous system. The food relevant Hg species methylmercury (MeHg) has been frequently studied regarding its neurotoxic effects in vitro and in vivo. Neurotoxicity of thiomersal, which is used as a preservative in medical preparations, is to date less characterised. Due to dealkylation of organic Hg or oxidation of elemental Hg, inorganic Hg is present in the brain albeit these species are not able to readily cross the blood brain barrier. This study compared for the first time toxic effects of organic MeHg chloride (MeHgCl) and thiomersal as well as inorganic mercury chloride (HgCl2) in differentiated human neurons (LUHMES) and human astrocytes (CCF-STTG1). The three Hg species differ in their degree and mechanism of toxicity in those two types of brain cells. Generally, neurons are more susceptible to Hg species induced cytotoxicity as compared to astrocytes. This might be due to the massive cellular mercury uptake in the differentiated neurons. The organic compounds exerted stronger cytotoxic effects as compared to inorganic HgCl2. In contrast to HgCl2 exposure, organic Hg compounds seem to induce the apoptotic cascade in neurons following low-level exposure. No indicators for apoptosis were identified for both inorganic and organic mercury species in astrocytes. Our studies clearly demonstrate species-specific toxic mechanisms. A mixed exposure towards all Hg species in the brain can be assumed. Thus, prospectively coexposure studies as well as cocultures of neurons and astrocytes could provide additional information in the investigation of Hg induced neurotoxicity.
Background/Aims: To investigate the renal phenotype under conditions of an activated renal ET-1 system in the status of nitric oxide deficiency, we compared kidney function and morphology in wild-type, ET-1 transgenic (ET+/+), endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout (eNOS-/-) and ET+/+eNOS-/- mice. Methods: We assessed blood pressure, parameters of renal morphology, plasma cystatin C, urinary protein excretion, expression of genes associated with glomerular filtration barrier and tissue remodeling, and plasma metabolites using metabolomics. Results: eNOS-/- and ET+/+eNOS-/- mice developed hypertension. Osteopontin, albumin and protein excretion were increased in eNOS-/- and restored in ET+/+eNOS-/- animals. All genetically modified mice developed renal interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. Genes involved in tissue remodeling (serpinel, TIMP1, Collal, CCL2) were up-regulated in eNOS-/-, but not in ET+/+eNOS-/- mice. Plasma levels of free carnitine and acylcarnitines, amino acids, diacyl phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines and hexoses were descreased in eNOS-/- and were in the normal range in ET+/+eNOS-/- mice. Conclusion: eNOS-/- mice developed renal dysfunction, which was partially rescued by ET-1 overexpression in eNOS-/- mice. The metabolomics results suggest that ET-1 overexpression on top of eNOS knockout is associated with a functional recovery of mitochondria (rescue effect in 13-oxidation of fatty acids) and an increase in antioxidative properties (normalization of monounsaturated fatty acids levels). (C) 2015 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel