Gold Open-Access
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (395)
- Part of Periodical (7)
- Review (6)
- Other (3)
- Postprint (2)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (413)
Keywords
- Dictyostelium (8)
- climate change (8)
- centrosome (6)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (5)
- metabarcoding (5)
- population dynamics (5)
- Brachionus calyciflorus (4)
- DNA methylation (4)
- Myodes glareolus (4)
- ancient DNA (4)
- animal personality (4)
- conservation (4)
- epigenetics (4)
- functional traits (4)
- home range (4)
- machine learning (4)
- microplastics (4)
- plasticity (4)
- sedimentary ancient DNA (4)
- stunting (4)
- GPS (3)
- Genomics (3)
- LCSM (3)
- Lepus europaeus (3)
- Lysiphlebus fabarum (3)
- Summer Schools (3)
- adaptation (3)
- alien species (3)
- cell-free protein synthesis (3)
- dispersal (3)
- evolution (3)
- freshwater (3)
- herbivory (3)
- lamin (3)
- light pollution (3)
- malnutrition (3)
- microtubules (3)
- mitosis (3)
- molecularly imprinted polymers (3)
- museum specimens (3)
- nuclear envelope (3)
- palaeogenomics (3)
- plant functional trait (3)
- pollen (3)
- random forest (3)
- resource competition (3)
- starch (3)
- ALAN (2)
- Africa (2)
- Alternaria (2)
- Aphis fabae (2)
- Asplanchna brightwellii (2)
- Bombina bombina (2)
- Chytridiomycota (2)
- Conservation (2)
- Damage assessment (2)
- Disturbance impacts (2)
- EDTA (2)
- Ecology (2)
- European hare (2)
- Evolution (2)
- Genome assembly (2)
- Germany (2)
- Just so stories (2)
- Larix (2)
- Locally structured standard deviation (2)
- Mitochondria (2)
- Mitogenome (2)
- Moco biosynthesis (2)
- NE81 (2)
- NGS (2)
- NTA (2)
- Network clustering (2)
- ODBA (2)
- Phylogenetics (2)
- Protein complexes (2)
- Puumala virus seroprevalence (2)
- RNA-Seq (2)
- RNA-seq (2)
- SEPE (2)
- Salmonella (2)
- Species comparison (2)
- Standard deviation (2)
- Tree allometry (2)
- Variance (2)
- acid ceramidase (2)
- acid sphingomyelinase (2)
- agricultural landscapes (2)
- amitriptyline (2)
- angiogenesis (2)
- animal behaviour (2)
- animal movement (2)
- antibody (2)
- aquatic fungi (2)
- archival DNA (2)
- auxin (2)
- batch effect (2)
- biodiversity (2)
- biological invasions (2)
- biomimetic mineralization (2)
- biomineralization (2)
- biosensor (2)
- body height (2)
- body mass index (2)
- brushite (2)
- calcium phosphate (2)
- cancer (2)
- centriole (2)
- chromatin (2)
- coexistence (2)
- competition (2)
- connectivity (2)
- consumptive resistance (2)
- deep-sea (2)
- defense (2)
- drought (2)
- eco-evolutionary experience (2)
- ecosystem services (2)
- education (2)
- efficient (2)
- endozoochory (2)
- environmental change (2)
- epithionitrile (2)
- exposure (2)
- expression (2)
- expression profile (2)
- fence ecology (2)
- fire (2)
- food web (2)
- functional complementation (2)
- functional diversity (2)
- gene expression (2)
- giving-up density (2)
- global change (2)
- glucosinolate hydrolysis (2)
- habitat use (2)
- hantavirus (2)
- hoverflies (2)
- hydroxyapatite (2)
- inheritance (2)
- integrative taxonomy (2)
- inter-individual differences (2)
- interactions (2)
- lake monitoring (2)
- land use (2)
- landscape homogenization (2)
- light intensity (irradiance) (2)
- light variability (2)
- local adaptation (2)
- maturation (2)
- mechanobiology (2)
- metabolism (2)
- metabolomics (2)
- microbial ecology (2)
- microcystin (2)
- microtubule-organization (2)
- migration (2)
- mobile links (2)
- molybdenum cofactor (2)
- monitoring (2)
- movement ecology (2)
- natal dispersal (2)
- network reconstruction (2)
- nitrile (2)
- nitrogen (2)
- nuclear lamina (2)
- nutrient supply (2)
- nutrition (2)
- oligomerization (2)
- perceived predation risk (2)
- photosynthetic rate (2)
- phylogeny (2)
- phytoplankton communities (2)
- pigment composition (2)
- plant diversity (2)
- plasma membrane (2)
- polystyrene (2)
- precipitation (2)
- protein (2)
- pubertal timing (2)
- public health (2)
- questioning solutions (2)
- quorum sensing (2)
- range dynamics (2)
- remote sensing (2)
- repetition (2)
- resource selection (2)
- rodents (2)
- root traits (2)
- savanna ecology (2)
- secular changes (2)
- sedaDNA (2)
- sediment (2)
- seed dispersal (2)
- seed dispersal syndrome (2)
- social status (2)
- socioeconomy (2)
- specific root length (2)
- specifier proteins (2)
- sphingolipids (2)
- starch metabolism (2)
- syrphids (2)
- transgenerational response (2)
- translation (2)
- treeline (2)
- trnL (2)
- tundra (2)
- type specimens (2)
- ungulate (2)
- vascular plants (2)
- veterinary cordon fence (2)
- video analysis (2)
- wetlands (2)
- wheat (2)
- wild bees (2)
- wild mammal species (2)
- wildlife (2)
- wildlife conservation (2)
- 3-way coffee hybrids (1)
- 3D-acceleration sensor (1)
- 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (1)
- A. thaliana (1)
- AFLP (1)
- APEC (1)
- APP (1)
- Abies alba (1)
- Abiotic stress (1)
- Acute phase response (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Aegean flora (1)
- Aeroponic cultivation (1)
- Alien species richness (1)
- Alternaria mycotoxins (1)
- Alternaria species-groups (1)
- Amphibians (1)
- Amplicon sequencing (1)
- Anatolia (1)
- Animal personality (1)
- Antarctica (1)
- Anthropometric measurement (1)
- Aphanizomenon (1)
- Aphid host (1)
- Aphidius ervi (1)
- Apis mellifera (1)
- Arabidopsis (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 (1)
- Arabidopsis-thaliana (1)
- Arbuscular mycorrhiza (1)
- Archaea (1)
- Arctic Ocean (1)
- Arctic vegetation (1)
- Asian elephant (1)
- Asteraceae (1)
- Australia (1)
- Bacillus (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Bacterial (1)
- Baetis (1)
- Bandung District (1)
- Bangladesh (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Beaufort Sea (1)
- Bengal Delta (1)
- Bet-hedging (1)
- Beta-diversity (1)
- Biochemical networks (1)
- Biochemical reaction networks (1)
- Biochemistry (1)
- Biodiversity Exploratories (1)
- Biogeography (1)
- Biologicals (1)
- Black Queen Hypothesis (1)
- Blm10 (1)
- Blunt trauma (1)
- Body mass (1)
- Body temperature (1)
- Bottleneck (1)
- Botulinum neurotoxin (1)
- Brachionus (1)
- Brachionus calyciflorus s (1)
- Brachionus fernandoi (1)
- Brandenburg (1)
- Brassica napus (1)
- Buchnera (1)
- Burkina Faso (1)
- C stocks (1)
- CCM (1)
- CHO cell lysate (1)
- CLE7 (1)
- CLSM (1)
- CO2 conditions (1)
- CO2 flux (1)
- COR15A (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- CPI1 (1)
- CPR5 (1)
- CSD (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Campylomormyrus (1)
- Carabidae beetles (1)
- Carlini Station (1)
- Carnivorous plant (1)
- Cattle (1)
- Cep192 (1)
- Cervidae (1)
- Cetaceans (1)
- ChIP-seq (1)
- Chemosensory genes (1)
- Chew Bahir (1)
- Chlamydomonas (1)
- Chopralla (1)
- Chromatin Accessibility (1)
- Ciconia ciconia (1)
- Citrobacter rodentium (1)
- Clethra arborea (1)
- Clinical trial (1)
- ClinicalTrials (1)
- Cloeodes complex (1)
- Cloeon (1)
- Clustering Algorithms (1)
- Community (1)
- Complete defoliation (1)
- Computational biology and bioinformatics (1)
- Computational models (1)
- Continuous renal replacement therapy (1)
- Copula theory (1)
- Cost of resistance (1)
- Costa Rica (1)
- Critically ill patients (1)
- Curculionidae (1)
- Cyanobacteria (1)
- Cyanobium (1)
- CytoSorb (R) (1)
- Cytochrome b (1)
- D statistics (1)
- DBD dye (1)
- DNA aptamer (1)
- DNA extraction (1)
- DNA metabarcoding (1)
- DNA methylation loss (1)
- DNA methylation; (1)
- DNA modification (1)
- DNA nanostructure (1)
- DNA origami (1)
- Data quality (1)
- Database errors (1)
- Delta F508 mutation (1)
- Developmental biology (1)
- Disturbance indicator (1)
- Domestic animals (1)
- Drugs (1)
- E. coil (1)
- EEHV (1)
- EHV-1 (1)
- EMS (1)
- ERK5 (1)
- ESCRT (1)
- EWPC2019 (1)
- Ecological changes (1)
- Ecological niche modeling (1)
- Elaeis guineensis Jacq (1)
- Elephant disturbance (1)
- Emberiza (1)
- Endogenous retrovirus (1)
- Endurance (1)
- Energy expenditure (1)
- Enzymes (1)
- EphA2 (1)
- Erkenntnisgewinnung (1)
- Etmopterus joungi (1)
- Etmopterus litvinovi (1)
- Etmopterus pusillus (1)
- Etmopterus pycnolepis (1)
- Eukaryota (1)
- Europe (1)
- F7 gene (1)
- Fagus sylvatica (1)
- Farber disease (1)
- Fe-S cluster assembly (1)
- Fertility (1)
- Flexible sampling strategy (1)
- Floral Meristem (1)
- Floral Organ (1)
- Flower Development (1)
- Flower development (1)
- Forage values (1)
- Forest dependency (1)
- Formaldehyde assimilation (1)
- Forschungsorientierung (1)
- Fragaria x ananassa (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Fresh water fish (1)
- Freshwater (1)
- Fruit pathogens (1)
- Fungal challenge (1)
- Fungal communities (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- GABA (1)
- GBOL (1)
- GC content (1)
- GMP (1)
- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (1)
- Gaussian process (1)
- Gekkonidae (1)
- GenPred (1)
- Gene Ontology (1)
- Gene family (1)
- Genetic (1)
- Genetic models (1)
- Genomic evolution (1)
- Glomosporiaceae (1)
- Growth Regulate Factor (1)
- Growth selection (1)
- H2S biosynthesis (1)
- HIREC (1)
- HMA sponge (1)
- HPLC (1)
- HSFA2 (1)
- HSFA3 (1)
- Habitat loss (1)
- Habrophlebiodes (1)
- Hamiltonella (1)
- Hamiltonella defensa (1)
- Haplogroups (1)
- Heat stress (1)
- Hippo signaling (1)
- Histone H3K4 trimethylation (1)
- Holocene (1)
- Holocene environmental history (1)
- Host-symbiont interaction (1)
- ICDP (1)
- ISC (1)
- Illumina amplicon sequencing (1)
- Illuminance (1)
- In vitro transcription (1)
- India (1)
- Individual-based models (1)
- Indonesian National Growth Reference Charts (1)
- Intensive care (1)
- Inter-individual differences (1)
- Interspecific aggression (1)
- Island biogeography (1)
- Isolation (1)
- KLF2 (1)
- Kv1 (1)
- LC-MS/MS (1)
- LEM-domain (1)
- LFA (1)
- LMA (1)
- LPS (1)
- Lake (1)
- Lake Bolshoe Toko (1)
- Landscape (1)
- Larix cajanderi (1)
- Larix gmelinii (1)
- Late Quaternary vegetation (1)
- Late embryogenesis abundant (1)
- Leaf axil (1)
- Lehramtsstudium Biologie (1)
- Lena Delta (1)
- Life-history traits (1)
- Livestock (1)
- Locally (1)
- Locally structured correlation (1)
- Lolium multiflorum (1)
- Lower Havel River Region (1)
- Lynx lynx (1)
- Lythrum salicaria (1)
- MED16 (1)
- MIS 5 to 1 (1)
- MODIS (1)
- MSAP (1)
- MTOC (1)
- Markov cluster algorithm (1)
- Martini force-field (1)
- Mediterranean island (1)
- Method (1)
- Metschnikowia (1)
- Microbiology (1)
- Microbiome assembly (1)
- Microcystis (1)
- Microcystis aeruginosa (1)
- Microsatellite (1)
- Microtus arvalis (1)
- Middle East (1)
- Molecular biology (1)
- Molecular medicine (1)
- Monte Carlo method (1)
- Morphology (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Mouse (1)
- Movement ecology (1)
- Murine leukemia virus (1)
- Museum collections (1)
- MutMap (1)
- Myotis myotis (1)
- N protein (1)
- NAAT-LFA (1)
- NAB (1)
- NDSI (1)
- NDVI (1)
- NET (1)
- NIF (1)
- NRPS (1)
- Nanohyla gen. nov (1)
- Neolithic period (1)
- Network (1)
- Network embedding (1)
- Noninvasive sampling (1)
- Northern Asia (1)
- Nosema spp. (1)
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (1)
- Number and Brightness (1)
- O-antigen (1)
- OMICs tools (1)
- Oil Palm (1)
- Omicron (1)
- Oomycetous pathogen (1)
- Orthologous Matrix (OMA) Project (1)
- Osteoglossomorpha (1)
- Oxidative stress (1)
- Oyster Crassostrea-gigas (1)
- P-bodies (1)
- PC-3 cells (1)
- PCR (1)
- PICF6 (1)
- PKS (1)
- PacBio and Illumina (1)
- Pacbio sequencing (1)
- Pachycladon (1)
- Paleogenetics (1)
- Parasitoid wasp (1)
- Pastoralism (1)
- Pathway design (1)
- Penicillium (1)
- Perca (1)
- Pex1 (1)
- Pex6 (1)
- Phalacridae (1)
- Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (1)
- Phosphorylation Site (1)
- Phragmites australis (1)
- Phylogenetic analysis (1)
- Phylogenomics (1)
- Phylogeny (1)
- Phylogeography (1)
- Picea abies (1)
- Pinus sylvestris (1)
- Pipistrellus nathusii (1)
- Planktothrix (1)
- Plant molecular biology (1)
- Pollinator (1)
- Polycomb (1)
- Polypodiales (1)
- Population dynamics (1)
- Porpicide (1)
- Priming (1)
- Principal Investigator (1)
- Professionswissen (1)
- Promiscuous enzymes (1)
- Protein Complex Prediction (1)
- Protein-Protein interaction network (1)
- Protein-protein interaction (1)
- Protein–protein interaction (1)
- Proteomics (1)
- Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 (1)
- Pseudomonas sp (1)
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (1)
- Puumalavirus (1)
- Python (1)
- RNA (1)
- RNA interference (1)
- RNA virus (1)
- RNAseq (1)
- ROS (1)
- RRBS (1)
- RT-LAMP (1)
- Raphidiopsis (1)
- Renal function (1)
- Repetition (1)
- Risk assessment tool (1)
- Roridula gorgonias (1)
- Rotifera (1)
- Rozellomycota (1)
- Rubbing tree (1)
- RubisCO (1)
- Russia (1)
- S. cerevisiae (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SELEX (1)
- SEPE Factors (1)
- SEPS factors (1)
- SPB (1)
- SPD-2 (1)
- SUF (1)
- SWL (1)
- Scincidae (1)
- Sediment (1)
- Selective breeding (1)
- Sepsis; (1)
- Sequence alignment (1)
- Serine cycle (1)
- Sex (1)
- Sf21 lysates (1)
- Shared Data Resource (1)
- Short Report (1)
- Shotgun sequencing (1)
- Siberia (1)
- Silene vulgaris (1)
- Simple Sequence Repeat (1)
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (1)
- Single-nucleotide (1)
- Snowella (1)
- Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) factors (1)
- Solanum (1)
- Source population (1)
- Space use (1)
- Spastin (1)
- Species delimitation (1)
- Specific wood density (1)
- St. Nicolas House Algorithm (1)
- St. Nicolas House Analysis (1)
- Statistical Exercise (1)
- Stranding (1)
- Structural variation (1)
- Sundaland (1)
- Survival (1)
- Symbiosis (1)
- T cell receptor (1)
- T(h)1 (1)
- T(h)17 (1)
- TCGA (1)
- TMAO reductase (1)
- TMAO-reductase (1)
- TOR signaling (1)
- Target attainment (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Toll and Imd pathways (1)
- Torpor (1)
- Transcriptional memory (1)
- Transcriptome assembly (1)
- Tree growth classes (1)
- Trifluoroethanol (1)
- Turkey (1)
- Turnover (1)
- UV radiation (1)
- UV response (1)
- UV-B tolerance (1)
- Uredinopsis (1)
- Ursus arctos (1)
- VHH (1)
- Vancomycin (1)
- Venom proteins (1)
- Verkhoyansk mountains (1)
- Verticillium dahliae (1)
- Volatile organic compound (VOC) (1)
- Weevil (1)
- Whole genome sequencing (1)
- Whole-genome sequencing (1)
- Wind (1)
- Wood specific gravity (1)
- Woody (1)
- Woody aboveground biomass (1)
- World Health Organization Child Growth Standards (1)
- XMRV (1)
- Xanthomonas (1)
- Xpm (1)
- Xpr1 (1)
- Yap1/Wwtr1 (Taz) (1)
- Zea mays (1)
- Zellweger (1)
- Zellweger syndrome spectrum disorder (ZSSD) (1)
- Zymosan (1)
- aberrations (1)
- abiotic stress (1)
- aboveground biomass (1)
- accelerometer (1)
- acclimation (1)
- acid ceramidase inhibitor ceranib-2 (1)
- acid invertase (1)
- acid mine drainage (1)
- acoustic communication (1)
- acquired thermotolerance (1)
- actin (1)
- activated PTT (1)
- activation (1)
- activity (1)
- adaptive introgression (1)
- adaptive management (1)
- adaptive radiation (1)
- adeno-associated-virus (1)
- admixture (1)
- advanced maternal age at first birth (1)
- advection-diffusion (1)
- aggregation (1)
- aggregation size (1)
- agricultural landscape (1)
- agriculture (1)
- agrin (1)
- agro-infiltration (1)
- air pollutant (1)
- alarm signals (1)
- aldehyde oxidoreductase (1)
- alignment sensitivity/specificity (1)
- alkylphospholipids (1)
- allocation (1)
- allometry (1)
- alpha-glucan (1)
- alphaherpesvirus (1)
- amino acid (1)
- amino acids (1)
- amplicon sequencing (1)
- analytics (1)
- and palm (1)
- animal cognition (1)
- animal migration (1)
- animal pests (1)
- animal tracking (1)
- animals under human care (1)
- antagonism (1)
- anthropogenic environment (1)
- anthropogenic interferences (1)
- anti-oxidative response (1)
- antibiotic inactivation (1)
- antibody producing cell selection (1)
- antimicrobial defense (1)
- aphids (1)
- apodemus-agrarius (1)
- aquaculture (1)
- aquatic-terrestrial interfaces (1)
- aqueous-solution (1)
- arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- arable land (1)
- arable weeds (1)
- area (1)
- area-based conservation (1)
- arsenic (1)
- arthropod (1)
- artificial light at night (ALAN) (1)
- artificial neural network (1)
- assembly processes (1)
- assessment (1)
- atomic force microscopy (1)
- augmented reality (1)
- autocorrelation (1)
- automated radio telemetry (1)
- autotomy (1)
- auxin biosynthesis (1)
- auxotrophy (1)
- avian personalities (1)
- bacteria (1)
- bacterial (1)
- bacterial outer membrane vesicles (1)
- bacterial symbionts (1)
- bacteriocytes (1)
- bacteriophage (1)
- balance (1)
- basal body (1)
- basal fungi (1)
- bats (1)
- behavior classification (1)
- behavioral flexibility (1)
- behavioral syndromes (1)
- behavioral type (1)
- behaviour (1)
- benzaldehyde (1)
- beta-Lactam (1)
- beta-lactamase (1)
- bias (1)
- bilinear interpolation (1)
- bio-optical modeling (1)
- biodiversity conservation (1)
- biodiversity exploratories (1)
- biofilm formation (1)
- biogenic volatile organic compounds (1)
- biogeography (1)
- bioinformatics (1)
- biological age (1)
- biological carbon pump (1)
- biological control (1)
- biological control agents (1)
- biology (1)
- biomarker (1)
- biomass (1)
- biomimetic sensors (1)
- biophysics (1)
- biotelemetry (1)
- biotic filtering (1)
- bird migration (1)
- birth weight (1)
- birthweight (1)
- bis-MGD (1)
- body composition (1)
- body fat estimator (1)
- body proportions (1)
- bootstrap (1)
- boreal (1)
- breastfeeding (1)
- breeding (1)
- browsing (1)
- buffer zones (1)
- butyrylcholinesterase (1)
- caffeine (1)
- camelid (1)
- camelid antibody (1)
- camelid heavy-chain-only antibodies (1)
- cancer immunotherapy (1)
- cancer therapy (1)
- canopy (1)
- canopy cooling effects (1)
- canopy-air temperature (1)
- capsid stability (1)
- captivity (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon cycling (1)
- carbon limitation (1)
- carbon uptake kinetics (1)
- cardiac development (1)
- cardiomyocyte (1)
- cardiomyogenic differentiation (1)
- carnivore (1)
- cassava bacterial blight (1)
- catalysis (1)
- catch-up-growth (1)
- cell death (1)
- cell fixation (1)
- cell wall patterning (1)
- cell-based in vitro assay (1)
- cells (1)
- cellular bioenergetics (1)
- cellularization (1)
- cellulose (1)
- cellulose polymeric organic matter (1)
- centromere (1)
- cereal leaf beetle (1)
- changepoint analysis (1)
- changepoint detection (1)
- chaperone (1)
- charcoal (1)
- chemical defenses (1)
- chemical modification (1)
- chemistry (1)
- chemodiversity (1)
- chemostat experiments (1)
- chemotaxonomy (1)
- child growth (1)
- children (1)
- chlorophyll a fluorescence (1)
- chloroplast isolation (1)
- cholesterol (1)
- cholesteryl ester (1)
- chromosome-scale genome assembly (1)
- chronic undernutrition (1)
- ciliate predators (1)
- cilium (1)
- circadian clock (1)
- classical swine fever (1)
- cleptoparasitism (1)
- climate adaptation (1)
- climate dynamics (1)
- clonal growth (1)
- cloud (1)
- co-enrichment (1)
- coagulans (1)
- coagulation (1)
- coefficient (1)
- coevolution (1)
- cold stress (1)
- colitis (1)
- collagen (1)
- combinatorial protein (1)
- common vole (1)
- communities (1)
- community (1)
- community effects (1)
- community model (1)
- comparison (1)
- competitive resistance (1)
- composition (1)
- conformational change (1)
- cord blood (1)
- core shell UCNP (1)
- cori cycle (1)
- correlation (1)
- cost optimisation (1)
- create cropland (1)
- crop losses (1)
- crop model (1)
- crop production (1)
- crop yield failure (1)
- cross-species capture (1)
- crowdsourcing (1)
- cryptic species (1)
- cryptic species complex (1)
- cultural dependence (1)
- cyanobacteria (1)
- cyanobacteria sedimentation (1)
- cyanobacterial bloom (1)
- cycloeucalenol (1)
- cystic fibrosis (1)
- cytokines (1)
- cytosine methylation (1)
- cytoskeleton (1)
- cytosolic tRNA thiolation (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- daily home-made measurements (1)
- dark virus (1)
- data reduction (1)
- ddRAD (1)
- de novo genome assembly (1)
- de novo hybrid assembly (1)
- deep-sea sharks (1)
- defensive symbiosis (1)
- density (1)
- dental eruption (1)
- detection (1)
- determination (1)
- developing brain (1)
- development goals (1)
- developmental canalization (1)
- developmental plasticity (1)
- diabetes (1)
- diacylglycerol (1)
- dictyostelium (1)
- diel cycle (1)
- digital (1)
- dilution (1)
- dipeptide (1)
- direct electron (1)
- disease diagnosis (1)
- disease resistance (1)
- dispersal filtering (1)
- dispersal success (1)
- dissimilarities of plants (1)
- disturbance (1)
- dominance-subordination (1)
- drainage works to (1)
- drift (1)
- drought stress (1)
- drying trend (1)
- dryland grasslands (1)
- dynamic body acceleration (1)
- dynamic landscapes (1)
- dynamics (1)
- eastern continental Asia (1)
- eavesdropping (1)
- echolocation (1)
- ecoevolutionary dynamics (1)
- ecohydrology (1)
- ecological novelty (1)
- ecological stoichiometry (1)
- ecological succession (1)
- economy (1)
- ecophysiology (1)
- ecosystem restoration (1)
- ecotones (1)
- ectoparasitism (1)
- edge effect (1)
- effect (1)
- effects of global warming (1)
- egg ratio (1)
- ego motivation (1)
- eicosapentaenoic acid (1)
- eland (1)
- electrochemical biosensors (1)
- electropolymerization (1)
- embryo development (1)
- emission inventory (1)
- emission modeling (1)
- emotional stress (1)
- endocardium (1)
- endophytes (1)
- endoreduplication (1)
- endosperm (1)
- endotoxin (1)
- energy (1)
- energy expenditure (1)
- environment (1)
- environmental DNA (1)
- environmental awareness (1)
- environmental filtering (1)
- environmental genomics (1)
- environmental pollution (1)
- environmental reconstruction (1)
- enzymatic MIP synthesis (1)
- enzymatic analyte conversion (1)
- enzymatic inactivation (1)
- enzymatic modification (1)
- enzyme optimization (1)
- enzyme tracer (1)
- ephrin (1)
- epidemiology (1)
- epitope prediction (1)
- error reduction (1)
- eurasian lynx (1)
- evolutionary (1)
- evolutionary genomics (1)
- expanded genetic code (1)
- exploratory-behavior (1)
- exposure time (1)
- expression patterns (1)
- extinct birds (1)
- extracellular enzymes (1)
- extracellular matrix (1)
- extracellular signaling (1)
- extreme events (1)
- extreme weather event (1)
- extreme weather events (1)
- extremophiles (1)
- extremotolerance (1)
- facilitation (1)
- factor VII (1)
- fasciation (1)
- fear (1)
- felidae (1)
- fence interaction (1)
- fernandoi (1)
- fertilization (1)
- fibrinogen (1)
- field boundaries (1)
- field vole (1)
- fitness (1)
- fitness consequences (1)
- fitness response (1)
- florfenicol (1)
- floristic survey (1)
- fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (1)
- fluorescence microscopy (1)
- fluviatilis (1)
- foetal growth (1)
- food access (1)
- food quality (1)
- foraging behavior (1)
- forest (1)
- forest conversion (1)
- forest management (1)
- fossil pollen (1)
- fractionation factors (1)
- fragmented landscapes (1)
- frame index (1)
- free-living (1)
- free-ranging (1)
- freshwater heterotrophic bacteria (1)
- fruit development (1)
- full-length transcriptome (1)
- functional response (1)
- fungal community (1)
- fungal pathogens (1)
- fungi (1)
- gamma diversity (1)
- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1)
- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (1)
- gate effect (1)
- gender gap (1)
- gene delivery (1)
- gene flow (1)
- gene regulatory networks (1)
- gene responsiveness (1)
- gene-expression (1)
- generalized dissimilarity modelling (1)
- genetic accommodation (1)
- genetic adaptation (1)
- genetic differentiation (1)
- genetic diversity (1)
- genetic rescue (1)
- genome architecture (1)
- genome scan (1)
- genome-scale metabolic (1)
- genomic prediction (1)
- genotype (1)
- germ pores (1)
- giraffe (1)
- giraffe conservation (1)
- glacial maximum (1)
- glioma (1)
- global and regional change (1)
- glucan phosphorylase (1)
- glycogen (1)
- gov (1)
- gradient boosting (1)
- grain size (1)
- grazing (1)
- green-green dilemma (1)
- groundwater (1)
- group living (1)
- growth (1)
- growth rate (1)
- growth references (1)
- growth standards (1)
- growth tempo (1)
- guard cell (1)
- guideline (1)
- habitat (1)
- habitat loss (1)
- habitat selection (1)
- handgrip strength (1)
- harmful algae (1)
- heart regeneration (1)
- heat shock protein (1)
- heat stress (1)
- heavy-chain-only antibody (1)
- height in history (1)
- heliozoa (1)
- heme (1)
- heterosis (1)
- heterostyly (1)
- hexoses (1)
- hidden obesity (1)
- high density (1)
- high-dimensional cytometry data (1)
- histone modification (1)
- historical growth (1)
- historical maps (1)
- holobiont (1)
- home range selection (1)
- home-away effect (1)
- honey bee (1)
- host alternation (1)
- host specificity (1)
- host– pathogen dynamics (1)
- hsp70 (1)
- human aldehyde oxidase (1)
- human endotoxemia (1)
- human introduction (1)
- human-animal relationships (1)
- human-wildlife conflicts (1)
- humic lake (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hybridization barrier (1)
- hybridization capture (1)
- hybridoma (1)
- hydro-engineering history; (1)
- hydrochlorothiazide (1)
- hymenoptera (1)
- hyperoxia (1)
- hyperspectral measurements (1)
- iPhone (1)
- image processing (1)
- immobilization (1)
- immobilized enzyme (1)
- immune cell population (1)
- immunogenicity (1)
- immunonutrition (1)
- immunotherapy (1)
- importin (1)
- in planta modification (1)
- in vitro (1)
- in-situ (1)
- inbreeding depression (1)
- incubation (1)
- indirubin-3-monoxime (1)
- individual variation (1)
- individual‐ based model (1)
- induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- industrial farming (1)
- infection (1)
- inflammation (1)
- inhibition (1)
- inland water (1)
- inquiry (1)
- insect behavior (1)
- insect decline (1)
- integrated assessments (1)
- inter- and intra-species interactions (1)
- interaction (1)
- internal transcribed spacer (1)
- intestine (1)
- intra-organ-communication (1)
- intraguild predation (1)
- intraspecific diversity (1)
- intraspecific trait variation (1)
- intraspecific variation (1)
- intrinsic motivation (1)
- intrinsically disordered proteins (1)
- introgression (1)
- invasibility (1)
- invasion stages (1)
- inversion (1)
- inversions (1)
- inverted terminal repeat (ITR) (1)
- ion channel (1)
- ionic strength (1)
- irbesartan (1)
- iron (1)
- irrigation (1)
- island disharmony (1)
- island syndromes (1)
- islands (1)
- jasmonate (1)
- joint probability (1)
- karyopherin (1)
- kelp (1)
- kernel density estimation (1)
- kudu (1)
- l-cysteine desulfurase (1)
- laboratory practice (1)
- lactate (1)
- lactic acid (1)
- lake community (1)
- lake periphyton (1)
- lake stratification (1)
- land sharing vs (1)
- land sparing (1)
- land-use change (1)
- land-use conflicts (1)
- landscape complexity; (1)
- landscape connectivity (1)
- landscape diversity (1)
- landscape of fear (1)
- landscape scale (1)
- larch (1)
- large marsh grasshopper (1)
- last glacial (1)
- late pleistocene (1)
- latitudinal gradient (1)
- leading edge (1)
- leaf economics (1)
- leaf morphology (1)
- leucine amino peptidases (1)
- life-history traits (1)
- lifetime (1)
- lignocellulose (1)
- limits (1)
- linear enamel hypoplasia (1)
- lipid droplets (1)
- lipid limitation thresholds (1)
- lipid metabolism (1)
- lipid-ratio (1)
- lipids (1)
- lipid–lipid interactions (1)
- lipoplexes (1)
- lipopolysaccharide (1)
- lipoproteins (1)
- livestock (1)
- local knowledge (1)
- long-term hydrological changes (1)
- loop modification (1)
- lycopersicum (1)
- lyso-phospholipids (1)
- lysosomal storage disorders (1)
- mRFP1 (1)
- macromolecular assemblies (1)
- magpie (1)
- major histocompatibility complex (1)
- male Daphnia (1)
- management (1)
- many-to-one genotype–phenotype map (1)
- mapping (1)
- mark-release-recapture (1)
- mass cytometry data (1)
- mass production process (1)
- material and moral conditions (1)
- maternal nicotine consumption (1)
- mayfly (1)
- mcgraph (1)
- measles virus (1)
- mediated delivery (1)
- membrane biophysics (1)
- membrane fractionation (1)
- membrane microdomains (1)
- membrane proteins (1)
- mesophyll cell (1)
- metabolic rate (1)
- metabolic-profiling (1)
- metabolites (1)
- metabolomic (1)
- metagenome (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- metagenomics 2.0 (1)
- miRNA (1)
- micro-computed tomography (1)
- microalgal resource (1)
- microbial communities (1)
- microbial interactions (1)
- microbial invasion (1)
- microclimate (1)
- microplastics ingestion (1)
- microscale thermophoresis (MST) (1)
- microscopy (1)
- microsomes (1)
- microtubule (1)
- microtubule-organizing center (1)
- migrants (1)
- mini growth spurt (1)
- mining lakes (1)
- mitochondrial genome (1)
- mitochondrial phylogeny (1)
- mitogenomes (1)
- mixed cultures (1)
- model (1)
- molecular evolution (1)
- molecular modeling (1)
- molecular phylogenetics (1)
- molecular phylogeny (1)
- molecular species identification (1)
- molluscs (1)
- molybdenum (1)
- monoclonal antibody (1)
- monogonont rotifer (1)
- morphological similarities (1)
- morphometrics (1)
- mortality (1)
- motor neurons (1)
- movement patterns (1)
- movement speed (1)
- mowing (1)
- multi-parametric analysis (1)
- multienzyme electrode (1)
- multivalence (1)
- mutagenesis (1)
- mutation (1)
- myocardium (1)
- myodes glareolus (1)
- nanobodies (1)
- nanobody (1)
- narrow-mouthed frogs (1)
- natural habitats (1)
- natural killer cells (NK cells) (1)
- natural particle (1)
- natural products (1)
- natural variation (1)
- natural-selection (1)
- nature of science (1)
- neophilia (1)
- neophobia (1)
- nest-site selection (1)
- network (1)
- neutral landscape models (1)
- neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (1)
- neutralization (1)
- new species (1)
- newborn size (1)
- niche width (1)
- nitrogen availability (1)
- noise color (1)
- non-breeding (1)
- noncanonical amino acid (1)
- noncoding RNA (1)
- nondemonic intrusions (1)
- nonlinear response (1)
- nonribosomal peptide synthetases (1)
- normal weigh obese (1)
- novel biomarkers (1)
- novel ecosystems (1)
- novel species (1)
- novelty (1)
- nuclear envelop (1)
- nuclear pore complex (1)
- nuclear transport (1)
- nucleic acids (1)
- nucleoporins (1)
- nucleus (1)
- nucleus-associated body (1)
- nutrient availability (1)
- nutrient ratios (1)
- nutrient spike (1)
- nutritional status (1)
- o-phenylenediamine (1)
- obesity (1)
- oil (1)
- oil palm (1)
- oil yield (1)
- olive rhizobacteria (1)
- one-carbon metabolism (1)
- ontogeny (1)
- opportunistic behaviour (1)
- ordinary differential equation (1)
- organic matter mineralization (1)
- orthogonal system (1)
- osmotic-pressure (1)
- osteology (1)
- outbreeding depression (1)
- oxidative stress (1)
- oxygen scavenger (1)
- pace of life (1)
- pacific oyster (1)
- palaeoenvironment (1)
- palaeovegetation (1)
- paleoclimate (1)
- paleoenvironmental records (1)
- paleoenvironments (1)
- paleogenomics (1)
- parameter estimation (1)
- parameters (1)
- parasites (1)
- parasitoid (1)
- parentage (1)
- partial correlation (1)
- partial differential equations (1)
- partial protandry (1)
- participatory research (1)
- particle-associated (1)
- particle-associated bacteria (1)
- past biosphere (1)
- pathogen host (1)
- pathogens (1)
- pathways (1)
- pattern perception (1)
- peptides (1)
- perceptibility (1)
- performance evaluation (1)
- perfusion bioreactor (1)
- periodic flooding (1)
- permafrost (1)
- permafrost deposits (1)
- peroxidase mimics (1)
- peroxidases (1)
- personality (1)
- personality-traits (1)
- perylene quinone derivatives (1)
- phage (1)
- pharmaceutical dosage forms (1)
- phenology (1)
- phenomic prediction (1)
- phenotypic phase plane (1)
- phenotypic plasticity (1)
- phenotyping (1)
- phonotaxis (1)
- phosphatidylserine (1)
- phosphoglucan water dikinase (1)
- phosphorus (1)
- phosphorus limitation (1)
- phosphorylated amino acid (1)
- photorespiration (1)
- photoresponse (1)
- photosynthesis (1)
- physical and physiological dormancy (1)
- physical fitness (1)
- physical modification (1)
- physical time (1)
- physiology (1)
- phytoplankton (1)
- phytoplankton host (1)
- picocyanobacteria diversity (1)
- plant Mediator (1)
- plant biology (1)
- plant cell wall (1)
- plant community (1)
- plant functional traits (1)
- plant growth (1)
- plant interactions (1)
- plant macrofossil data (1)
- plant ontogenetic stage (1)
- plant pathology (1)
- plant strategies (1)
- plant traits (1)
- plant-soil (belowground) interactions (1)
- plant-soil feedback (1)
- plants (1)
- plant–soil feedback (1)
- playback (1)
- polarization (1)
- pollinator (1)
- polyamide (1)
- polymorphism (1)
- polyunsaturated fatty acids (1)
- population demography (1)
- population growth rate (1)
- populations (1)
- positive selection (1)
- post-harvest (1)
- potency (1)
- potential-functions (1)
- pre-service teacher (1)
- preadaptation (1)
- predator prey (1)
- predator trait variation (1)
- predator-prey dynamics (1)
- predator-prey systems (1)
- predictive models (1)
- preindustrial to industrial period (1)
- pressures (1)
- prestige (1)
- preterm infants (1)
- priming effects (1)
- primula (1)
- principal component analysis (1)
- process-based crop model (1)
- process-based modeling (1)
- professional knowledge (1)
- progenitor cells (1)
- promiscuous (1)
- proteasome (1)
- proteasome storage granules (1)
- protein-metabolite (1)
- protein-protein interaction (1)
- proteoliposomes (1)
- prothrombin (1)
- psychrotolerant (1)
- pulse perturbation (1)
- pump (1)
- purifying selection (1)
- pyruvate (1)
- quantification (1)
- radiocarbon ages (1)
- random forests (1)
- random sampling (1)
- rank (1)
- rarity (1)
- re-analysis (1)
- reaction norms (1)
- reciprocal transplant experiment (1)
- recombination (1)
- redox marker (1)
- redox polymer (1)
- reed (1)
- regime shift (1)
- regression (1)
- regulate gene expression (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulation of growth (1)
- regulatory evolution (1)
- remodeling atpase brahma (1)
- replacement (1)
- reproductive success (1)
- reserve design (1)
- resistance (1)
- resonance energy transfer (1)
- resource allocation (1)
- resource use (1)
- resource-tracking (1)
- respirometry (1)
- responses (1)
- resurrection plants (1)
- review of written (1)
- risk (1)
- rivastigmine (1)
- rivers (1)
- robustness (1)
- roosting site (1)
- root endophytes (1)
- root morphology (1)
- rotifer (1)
- rotifers (1)
- rough sets (1)
- ruderal plant species (1)
- rural populations (1)
- salicylic-acid (1)
- salinity gradient (1)
- salt stress (1)
- saprobic fungi (1)
- savanna (1)
- scRNA-seq (1)
- scale-dependency (1)
- scaled mass index (1)
- scaling (1)
- screening (1)
- secondary metabolite profiling (1)
- secular change (1)
- secular trend (1)
- sediment core (1)
- sediment dynamics (1)
- sediment traps (1)
- seed bank (1)
- seed development (1)
- seed ecology (1)
- seed mass (1)
- seed morphology (1)
- self-perception (1)
- semi-closed mitosis (1)
- semi-quantitative (1)
- semiconductors (1)
- sensory system (1)
- sentinel-1 (1)
- sequencing error (1)
- serine cycle (1)
- sex determination (1)
- sexual dimorphism (1)
- sfGFP (1)
- shading cooling (1)
- sharks (1)
- shock proteins (1)
- short-read mapping (1)
- short-term growth (1)
- signal transduction (1)
- silica beads (1)
- simulation (1)
- single domain antibodies (1)
- single nucleotide polymorphism (1)
- single nucleotide polymorphism mapping (1)
- single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (1)
- sirna transfection (1)
- sister species (1)
- sitosterol (1)
- skeletal age (1)
- skeletal robusticity (1)
- slim term (1)
- small-spored Alternaria fungi (1)
- smoking (1)
- smut fungi (1)
- snow cover duration (1)
- social class (1)
- social identity (1)
- social network (1)
- social systems (1)
- social-ecological system (1)
- soil (1)
- soil aggregation (1)
- soil moisture (1)
- solar powered light-emitting diode (1)
- solitary bees (1)
- source regions (1)
- sources (1)
- space use (1)
- spatial autocorrelation (1)
- spatially explicit (1)
- spatially explicit model (1)
- spatially induced variance (1)
- specialized metabolites (1)
- speciation (1)
- species abundance (1)
- species assembly (1)
- species coexistence (1)
- species functional traits (1)
- species interactions (1)
- specific root surface (1)
- specificity (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- sphingosine kinase (1)
- sphingosine kinase inhibitor SKI-II (1)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (1)
- spillovers (1)
- spindle pole body (1)
- spontaneous reaction (1)
- springbok (1)
- stability (1)
- stable carbon isotopes (1)
- stable isotopes (1)
- standard metabolic rate (1)
- standard metrics (1)
- standing long jump (1)
- starch application (1)
- starch degradation (1)
- starch granule (1)
- starch granule initiation (1)
- starch granule morphology (1)
- starch granule number per chloroplast (1)
- starch granule number regulation (1)
- starch granule size (1)
- starch granules (1)
- starch initiation (1)
- starch modification (1)
- starch morphology (1)
- state and transition (1)
- static and dynamic light scattering (1)
- step selection (1)
- sterol (1)
- sterols (1)
- stochastic fluctuations (1)
- stopover (1)
- storage (1)
- storm (1)
- stress tolerance (1)
- structural diversity (1)
- structural equation model (1)
- structural equation modeling (1)
- structure (1)
- structured correlation (1)
- subcellular localization (1)
- sucrose (1)
- sulfite oxidase (1)
- sulfur (1)
- sun1 (1)
- supergene (1)
- support vector machine (1)
- surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) (1)
- surface reflection (1)
- surveillance-based diagnostics (1)
- survival (1)
- sustainability science (1)
- sustainable (1)
- synthase (1)
- target capture (1)
- taxis (1)
- taxonomic levels (1)
- taxonomic revision (1)
- taxonomy (1)
- teleost (1)
- telomere dysfunction (1)
- template digestion (1)
- terpenoids (1)
- the Penman-Monteith equation (1)
- therapeutics (1)
- thermal-stress (1)
- time series analysis (1)
- time-resolved luminescence (1)
- tissue (1)
- tissue specificity (1)
- tissue stiffness (1)
- tissue types (1)
- titin (1)
- top-down control (1)
- toxicity (1)
- training sample (1)
- trait measurements (1)
- trait variability (1)
- trait-environment relationship (1)
- traits (1)
- transcript (1)
- transcription (1)
- transcriptional memory (1)
- transcriptome (1)
- transcriptomics (1)
- transcripts (1)
- transfer (1)
- transgenerational inheritance (1)
- transient expression (1)
- transition (1)
- transporter (1)
- tree species diversity (1)
- tree-grass interactions (1)
- treeline ecotone (1)
- tri-axial accelerometers (1)
- triaxial acceleration (1)
- trimethylamine N-oxide (1)
- triploid block (1)
- tritrophic food web (1)
- trophic specialization (1)
- tropical maize (1)
- trypanosoma (1)
- tumor immunity (1)
- tumor microenvironment (1)
- tumor-associated macrophage (1)
- uPA (1)
- uPAR (1)
- undernutrition (1)
- unnatural amino acid (1)
- urbanization (1)
- urokinase (1)
- vegetation height (1)
- video scan technology (1)
- vimentin (1)
- viologen (1)
- virus infection (1)
- volatilome (1)
- warburg effect (1)
- water dikinase (1)
- water resources (1)
- water vole (1)
- weevil (1)
- weight-to-height ratio (1)
- westernization (1)
- wetland vegetation (1)
- wildlife and habitat management (1)
- wildlife casualties (1)
- wildlife knowledge (1)
- wind energy bat conflict (1)
- winter wheat (1)
- xanthine oxidase (1)
- xylem (1)
- zebrafish (1)
- zebularine (1)
- zinc fingers (1)
- δ13C (1)
- δ15N (1)
- „Natur der Naturwissenschaften“ (1)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (413) (remove)
The genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 includes 52 species and is one of the most diverse genera of the family Microhylidae, being the most species-rich taxon of the Asian subfamily Microhylinae. The recent, rapid description of numerous new species of Microhyla with complex phylogenetic relationships has made the taxonomy of the group especially challenging. Several recent phylogenetic studies suggested paraphyly of Microhyla with respect to Glyphoglossus Gunther, 1869, and revealed three major phylogenetic lineages of mid-Eocene origin within this assemblage. However, comprehensive works assessing morphological variation among and within these lineages are absent. In the present study we investigate the generic taxonomy of Microhyla-Glyphoglossus assemblage based on a new phylogeny including 57 species, comparative morphological analysis of skeletons from cleared-and-stained specimens for 23 species, and detailed descriptions of generalized osteology based on volume-rendered micro-CT scans for five speciesal-together representing all major lineages within the group. The results confirm three highly divergent and well-supported clades that correspond with external and osteological morphological characteristics, as well as respective geographic distribution. Accordingly, acknowledging ancient divergence between these lineages and their significant morphological differentiation, we propose to consider these three lineages as distinct genera: Microhyla sensu stricto, Glyphoglossus, and a newly described genus, Nanohyla gen. nov.
Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) is a rodent-borne hantavirus with broad geographical distribution in Europe. Its major reservoir is the common vole (Microtus arvalis), but TULV has also been detected in closely related vole species. Given the large distributional range and high amplitude population dynamics of common voles, this host-pathogen complex presents an ideal system to study the complex mechanisms of pathogen transmission in a wild rodent reservoir. We investigated the dynamics of TULV prevalence and the subsequent potential effects on the molecular evolution of TULV in common voles of the Central evolutionary lineage. Rodents were trapped for three years in four regions of Germany and samples were analyzed for the presence of TULV-reactive antibodies and TULV RNA with subsequent sequence determination. The results show that individual (sex) and population-level factors (abundance) of hosts were significant predictors of local TULV dynamics. At the large geographic scale, different phylogenetic TULV clades and an overall isolation-by-distance pattern in virus sequences were detected, while at the small scale (<4 km) this depended on the study area. In combination with an overall delayed density dependence, our results highlight that frequent, localized bottleneck events for the common vole and TULV do occur and can be offset by local recolonization dynamics.
Simple Summary Gliomas are heterogenous types of cancer, therefore the therapy should be personalized and targeted toward specific pathways. We developed a methodology that corrected strong batch effects from The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets and estimated glioma grade-specific co-enrichment mechanisms using machine learning. Our findings created hypotheses for annotations, e.g., pathways, that should be considered as therapeutic targets. Gliomas develop and grow in the brain and central nervous system. Examining glioma grading processes is valuable for improving therapeutic challenges. One of the most extensive repositories storing transcriptomics data for gliomas is The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). However, such big cohorts should be processed with caution and evaluated thoroughly as they can contain batch and other effects. Furthermore, biological mechanisms of cancer contain interactions among biomarkers. Thus, we applied an interpretable machine learning approach to discover such relationships. This type of transparent learning provides not only good predictability, but also reveals co-predictive mechanisms among features. In this study, we corrected the strong and confounded batch effect in the TCGA glioma data. We further used the corrected datasets to perform comprehensive machine learning analysis applied on single-sample gene set enrichment scores using collections from the Molecular Signature Database. Furthermore, using rule-based classifiers, we displayed networks of co-enrichment related to glioma grades. Moreover, we validated our results using the external glioma cohorts. We believe that utilizing corrected glioma cohorts from TCGA may improve the application and validation of any future studies. Finally, the co-enrichment and survival analysis provided detailed explanations for glioma progression and consequently, it should support the targeted treatment.
This study focuses on three key aspects: (a) crude throat swab samples in a viral transport medium (VTM) as templates for RT-LAMP reactions; (b) a biotinylated DNA probe with enhanced specificity for LFA readouts; and (c) a digital semi-quantification of LFA readouts. Throat swab samples from SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients were used in their crude (no cleaning or pre-treatment) forms for the RT-LAMP reaction. The samples were heat-inactivated but not treated for any kind of nucleic acid extraction or purification. The RT-LAMP (20 min processing time) product was read out by an LFA approach using two labels: FITC and biotin. FITC was enzymatically incorporated into the RT-LAMP amplicon with the LF-LAMP primer, and biotin was introduced using biotinylated DNA probes, specifically for the amplicon region after RT-LAMP amplification. This assay setup with biotinylated DNA probe-based LFA readouts of the RT-LAMP amplicon was 98.11% sensitive and 96.15% specific. The LFA result was further analysed by a smartphone-based IVD device, wherein the T-line intensity was recorded. The LFA T-line intensity was then correlated with the qRT-PCR Ct value of the positive swab samples. A digital semi-quantification of RT-LAMP-LFA was reported with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.702. The overall RT-LAMP-LFA assay time was recorded to be 35 min with a LoD of three RNA copies/µL (Ct-33). With these three advancements, the nucleic acid testing-point of care technique (NAT-POCT) is exemplified as a versatile biosensor platform with great potential and applicability for the detection of pathogens without the need for sample storage, transportation, or pre-processing.
The capillary-venous pathology cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is caused by loss of CCM1/Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1), CCM2/MGC4607, or CCM3/PDCD10 in some endothelial cells. Mutations of CCM genes within the brain vasculature can lead to recurrent cerebral hemorrhages. Pharmacological treatment options are urgently needed when lesions are located in deeply-seated and in-operable regions of the central nervous system. Previous pharmacological suppression screens in disease models of CCM led to the discovery that treatment with retinoic acid improved CCM phenotypes. This finding raised a need to investigate the involvement of retinoic acid in CCM and test whether it has a curative effect in preclinical mouse models. Here, we show that components of the retinoic acid synthesis and degradation pathway are transcriptionally misregulated across disease models of CCM. We complemented this analysis by pharmacologically modifying retinoic acid levels in zebrafish and human endothelial cell models of CCM, and in acute and chronic mouse models of CCM. Our pharmacological intervention studies in CCM2-depleted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and krit1 mutant zebrafish showed positive effects when retinoic acid levels were increased. However, therapeutic approaches to prevent the development of vascular lesions in adult chronic murine models of CCM were drug regiment-sensitive, possibly due to adverse developmental effects of this hormone. A treatment with high doses of retinoic acid even worsened CCM lesions in an adult chronic murine model of CCM. This study provides evidence that retinoic acid signaling is impaired in the CCM pathophysiology and suggests that modification of retinoic acid levels can alleviate CCM phenotypes.
Cell-level systems biology model to study inflammatory bowel diseases and their treatment options
(2023)
To help understand the complex and therapeutically challenging inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), we developed a systems biology model of the intestinal immune system that is able to describe main aspects of IBD and different treatment modalities thereof. The model, including key cell types and processes of the mucosal immune response, compiles a large amount of isolated experimental findings from literature into a larger context and allows for simulations of different inflammation scenarios based on the underlying data and assumptions. In the context of a large and diverse virtual IBD population, we characterized the patients based on their phenotype (in contrast to healthy individuals, they developed persistent inflammation after a trigger event) rather than on a priori assumptions on parameter differences to a healthy individual. This allowed to reproduce the enormous diversity of predispositions known to lead to IBD. Analyzing different treatment effects, the model provides insight into characteristics of individual drug therapy. We illustrate for anti-TNF-alpha therapy, how the model can be used (i) to decide for alternative treatments with best prospects in the case of nonresponse, and (ii) to identify promising combination therapies with other available treatment options.
The use of automated tools to reconstruct lipid metabolic pathways is not warranted in plants. Here, the authors construct Plant Lipid Module for Arabidopsis rosette using constraint-based modeling, demonstrate its integration in other plant metabolic models, and use it to dissect the genetic architecture of lipid metabolism.
Lipids play fundamental roles in regulating agronomically important traits. Advances in plant lipid metabolism have until recently largely been based on reductionist approaches, although modulation of its components can have system-wide effects. However, existing models of plant lipid metabolism provide lumped representations, hindering detailed study of component modulation. Here, we present the Plant Lipid Module (PLM) which provides a mechanistic description of lipid metabolism in the Arabidopsis thaliana rosette. We demonstrate that the PLM can be readily integrated in models of A. thaliana Col-0 metabolism, yielding accurate predictions (83%) of single lethal knock-outs and 75% concordance between measured transcript and predicted flux changes under extended darkness. Genome-wide associations with fluxes obtained by integrating the PLM in diel condition- and accession-specific models identify up to 65 candidate genes modulating A. thaliana lipid metabolism. Using mutant lines, we validate up to 40% of the candidates, paving the way for identification of metabolic gene function based on models capturing natural variability in metabolism.
Background
Teleost fishes comprise more than half of the vertebrate species. Within teleosts, most phylogenies consider the split between Osteoglossomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha/Otomorpha as basal, preceded only by the derivation of the most primitive group of teleosts, the Elopomorpha. While Osteoglossomorpha are generally species poor, the taxon contains the African weakly electric fish (Mormyroidei), which have radiated into numerous species. Within the mormyrids, the genus Campylomormyrus is mostly endemic to the Congo Basin. Campylomormyrus serves as a model to understand mechanisms of adaptive radiation and ecological speciation, especially with regard to its highly diverse species-specific electric organ discharges (EOD). Currently, there are few well-annotated genomes available for electric fish in general and mormyrids in particular. Our study aims at producing a high-quality genome assembly and to use this to examine genome evolution in relation to other teleosts. This will facilitate further understanding of the evolution of the osteoglossomorpha fish in general and of electric fish in particular.
Results
A high-quality weakly electric fish (C. compressirostris) genome was produced from a single individual with a genome size of 862 Mb, consisting of 1,497 contigs with an N50 of 1,399 kb and a GC-content of 43.69%. Gene predictions identified 34,492 protein-coding genes, which is a higher number than in the two other available Osteoglossomorpha genomes of Paramormyrops kingsleyae and Scleropages formosus. A Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution (CAFE5) comparing 33 teleost fish genomes suggests an overall faster gene family turnover rate in Osteoglossomorpha than in Otomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha. Moreover, the ratios of expanded/contracted gene family numbers in Osteoglossomorpha are significantly higher than in the other two taxa, except for species that had undergone an additional genome duplication (Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss). As potassium channel proteins are hypothesized to play a key role in EOD diversity among species, we put a special focus on them, and manually curated 16 Kv1 genes. We identified a tandem duplication in the KCNA7a gene in the genome of C. compressirostris.
Conclusions
We present the fourth genome of an electric fish and the third well-annotated genome for Osteoglossomorpha, enabling us to compare gene family evolution among major teleost lineages. Osteoglossomorpha appear to exhibit rapid gene family evolution, with more gene family expansions than contractions. The curated Kv1 gene family showed seven gene clusters, which is more than in other analyzed fish genomes outside Osteoglossomorpha. The KCNA7a, encoding for a potassium channel central for EOD production and modulation, is tandemly duplicated which may related to the diverse EOD observed among Campylomormyrus species.
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients receive therapeutic immunosuppression that compromises their immune response to infections and vaccines. For this reason, SOT patients have a high risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and an increased risk of death from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Moreover, the efficiency of immunotherapies and vaccines is reduced due to the constant immunosuppression in this patient group. Here, we propose adoptive transfer of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells made resistant to a common immunosuppressant, tacrolimus, for optimized performance in the immunosuppressed patient. Using a ribonucleoprotein approach of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, we have generated tacrolimus-resistant SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell products from convalescent donors and demonstrate their specificity and function through characterizations at the single-cell level, including flow cytometry, single-cell RNA (scRNA) Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes (CITE), and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing analyses. Based on the promising results, we aim for clinical validation of this approach in transplant recipients. Additionally, we propose a combinatory approach with tacrolimus, to prevent an overshooting immune response manifested as bystander T cell activation in the setting of severe COVID-19 immunopathology, and tacrolimus-resistant SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell products, allowing for efficient clearance of viral infection. Our strategy has the potential to prevent severe COVID-19 courses in SOT or autoimmunity settings and to prevent immunopathology while providing viral clearance in severe non-transplant COVID-19 cases.
Progressive habitat fragmentation threatens plant species with narrow habitat requirements. While local environmental conditions define population growth rates and recruitment success at the patch level, dispersal is critical for population viability at the landscape scale. Identifying the dynamics of plant meta-populations is often confounded by the uncertainty about soil-stored population compartments. We combined a landscape-scale assessment of an amphibious plant's population structure with measurements of dispersal complexity in time to track dispersal and putative shifts in functional connectivity. Using 13 microsatellite markers, we analyzed the genetic structure of extant Oenanthe aquatica populations and their soil seed banks in a kettle hole system to uncover hidden connectivity among populations in time and space. Considerable spatial genetic structure and isolation-by-distance suggest limited gene flow between sites. Spatial isolation and patch size showed minor effects on genetic diversity. Genetic similarity found among extant populations and their seed banks suggests increased local recruitment, despite some evidence of migration and recent colonization. Results indicate stepping-stone dispersal across adjacent populations. Among permanent and ephemeral demes the resulting meta-population demography could be determined by source-sink dynamics. Overall, these spatiotemporal connectivity patterns support mainland-island dynamics in our system, highlighting the importance of persistent seed banks as enduring sources of genetic diversity.
Metabolic engineering of microalgae offers a promising solution for sustainable biofuel production, and rational design of engineering strategies can be improved by employing metabolic models that integrate enzyme turnover numbers. However, the coverage of turnover numbers for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a model eukaryotic microalga accessible to metabolic engineering, is 17-fold smaller compared to the heterotrophic cell factory Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we generate quantitative protein abundance data of Chlamydomonas covering 2337 to 3708 proteins in various growth conditions to estimate in vivo maximum apparent turnover numbers. Using constrained-based modeling we provide proxies for in vivo turnover numbers of 568 reactions, representing a 10-fold increase over the in vitro data for Chlamydomonas. Integration of the in vivo estimates instead of in vitro values in a metabolic model of Chlamydomonas improved the accuracy of enzyme usage predictions. Our results help in extending the knowledge on uncharacterized enzymes and improve biotechnological applications of Chlamydomonas.
Spatial and temporal variation in perceived predation risk is an important determinant of movement and foraging activity of animals. Foraging in this landscape of fear, individuals need to decide where and when to move, and what resources to choose. Foraging theory predicts the outcome of these decisions based on energetic trade-offs, but complex interactions between perceived predation risk and preferences of foragers for certain functional traits of their resources are rarely considered. Here, we studied the interactive effects of perceived predation risk on food trait preferences and foraging behavior in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in experimental landscapes. Individuals (n = 19) were subjected for periods of 24 h to two extreme, risk-uniform landscapes (either risky or safe), containing 25 discrete food patches, filled with seeds of four plant species in even amounts. Seeds varied in functional traits: size, nutrients, and shape. We evaluated whether and how risk modifies forager preference for functional traits. We also investigated whether perceived risk and distance from shelter affected giving-up density (GUD), time in patches, and number of patch visits. In safe landscapes, individuals increased time spent in patches, lowered GUD and visited distant patches more often compared to risky landscapes. Individuals preferred bigger seeds independent of risk, but in the safe treatment they preferred fat-rich over carb-rich seeds. Thus, higher densities of resource levels remained in risky landscapes, while in safe landscapes resource density was lower and less diverse due to selective foraging. Our results suggest that the interaction of perceived risk and dietary preference adds an additional layer to the cascading effects of a landscape of fear which affects biodiversity at resource level.
Protein-protein-interactions play an important role in many cellular functions. Quantitative non-invasive techniques are applied in living cells to evaluate such interactions, thereby providing a broader understanding of complex biological processes. Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy describes a group of quantitative microscopy approaches for the characterization of molecular interactions at single cell resolution. Through the obtained molecular brightness, it is possible to determine the oligomeric state of proteins. This is usually achieved by fusing fluorescent proteins (FPs) to the protein of interest. Recently, the number of novel green FPs has increased, with consequent improvements to the quality of fluctuation-based measurements. The photophysical behavior of FPs is influenced by multiple factors (including photobleaching, protonation-induced "blinking" and long-lived dark states). Assessing these factors is critical for selecting the appropriate fluorescent tag for live cell imaging applications. In this work, we focus on novel green FPs that are extensively used in live cell imaging. A systematic performance comparison of several green FPs in living cells under different pH conditions using Number & Brightness (N & B) analysis and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy was performed. Our results show that the new FP Gamillus exhibits higher brightness at the cost of lower photostability and fluorescence probability (pf), especially at lower pH. mGreenLantern, on the other hand, thanks to a very high pf, is best suited for multimerization quantification at neutral pH. At lower pH, mEGFP remains apparently the best choice for multimerization investigation. These guidelines provide the information needed to plan quantitative fluorescence microscopy involving these FPs, both for general imaging or for protein-protein-interactions quantification via fluorescence fluctuation-based methods.
All plant cells are encased in primary cell walls that determine plant morphology, but also protect the cells against the environment. Certain cells also produce a secondary wall that supports mechanically demanding processes, such as maintaining plant body stature and water transport inside plants. Both these walls are primarily composed of polysaccharides that are arranged in certain patterns to support cell functions. A key requisite for patterned cell walls is the arrangement of cortical microtubules that may direct the delivery of wall polymers and/or cell wall producing enzymes to certain plasma membrane locations. Microtubules also steer the synthesis of cellulose-the load-bearing structure in cell walls-at the plasma membrane. The organization and behaviour of the microtubule array are thus of fundamental importance to cell wall patterns. These aspects are controlled by the coordinated effort of small GTPases that probably coordinate a Turing's reaction-diffusion mechanism to drive microtubule patterns. Here, we give an overview on how wall patterns form in the water-transporting xylem vessels of plants. We discuss systems that have been used to dissect mechanisms that underpin the xylem wall patterns, emphasizing the VND6 and VND7 inducible systems, and outline challenges that lay ahead in this field.
The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) produces a large amount of oil from the fruit. However, increasing the oil production in this fruit is still challenging. A recent study has shown that starch metabolism is essential for oil synthesis in fruit-producing species. Therefore, the transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq was performed to observe gene expression alteration related to starch metabolism genes throughout the maturity stages of oil palm fruit with different oil yields. Gene expression profiles were examined with three different oil yields group (low, medium, and high) at six fruit development phases (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 22 weeks after pollination). We successfully identified and analyzed differentially expressed genes in oil palm mesocarps during development. The results showed that the transcriptome profile for each developmental phase was unique. Sucrose flux to the mesocarp tissue, rapid starch turnover, and high glycolytic activity have been identified as critical factors for oil production in oil palms. For starch metabolism and the glycolytic pathway, we identified specific gene expressions of enzyme isoforms (isozymes) that correlated with oil production, which may determine the oil content. This study provides valuable information for creating new high-oil-yielding palm varieties via breeding programs or genome editing approaches.
Keeping cool on hot days
(2023)
Long-lived organisms are likely to respond to a rapidly changing climate with behavioral flexibility. Animals inhabiting the arid parts of southern Africa face a particularly rapid rise in temperature which in combination with food and water scarcity places substantial constraints on the ability of animals to tolerate heat. We investigated how three species of African antelope-springbok Antidorcas marsupialis, kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros and eland T. oryx-differing in body size, habitat preference and movement ecology, change their activity in response to extreme heat in an arid savanna. Serving as a proxy for activity, dynamic body acceleration data recorded every five minutes were analyzed for seven to eight individuals per species for the three hottest months of the year. Activity responses to heat during the hottest time of day (the afternoons) were investigated and diel activity patterns were compared between hot and cool days. Springbok, which prefer open habitat, are highly mobile and the smallest of the species studied, showed the greatest decrease in activity with rising temperature. Furthermore, springbok showed reduced mean activity over the 24 h cycle on hot days compared to cool days. Large-bodied eland seemed less affected by afternoon heat than springbok. While eland also reduced diurnal activity on hot days compared to cool days, they compensated for this by increasing nocturnal activity, possibly because their predation risk is lower. Kudu, which are comparatively sedentary and typically occupy shady habitat, seemed least affected during the hottest time of day and showed no appreciable difference in diel activity patterns between hot and cool days. The interplay between habitat preference, body size, movement patterns, and other factors seems complex and even sub-lethal levels of heat stress have been shown to impact an animal's long-term survival and reproduction. Thus, differing heat tolerances among species could result in a shift in the composition of African herbivore communities as temperatures continue to rise, with significant implications for economically important wildlife-based land use and conservation.
Starch has been a convenient, economically important polymer with substantial applications in the food and processing industry. However, native starches present restricted applications, which hinder their industrial usage. Therefore, modification of starch is carried out to augment the positive characteristics and eliminate the limitations of the native starches. Modifications of starch can result in generating novel polymers with numerous functional and value-added properties that suit the needs of the industry. Here, we summarize the possible starch modifications in planta and outside the plant system (physical, chemical, and enzymatic) and their corresponding applications. In addition, this review will highlight the implications of each starch property adjustment.
Genomic and epigenomic determinants of heat stress-induced transcriptional memory in Arabidopsis
(2023)
Background
Transcriptional regulation is a key aspect of environmental stress responses. Heat stress induces transcriptional memory, i.e., sustained induction or enhanced re-induction of transcription, that allows plants to respond more efficiently to a recurrent HS. In light of more frequent temperature extremes due to climate change, improving heat tolerance in crop plants is an important breeding goal. However, not all heat stress-inducible genes show transcriptional memory, and it is unclear what distinguishes memory from non-memory genes. To address this issue and understand the genome and epigenome architecture of transcriptional memory after heat stress, we identify the global target genes of two key memory heat shock transcription factors, HSFA2 and HSFA3, using time course ChIP-seq.
Results
HSFA2 and HSFA3 show near identical binding patterns. In vitro and in vivo binding strength is highly correlated, indicating the importance of DNA sequence elements. In particular, genes with transcriptional memory are strongly enriched for a tripartite heat shock element, and are hallmarked by several features: low expression levels in the absence of heat stress, accessible chromatin environment, and heat stress-induced enrichment of H3K4 trimethylation. These results are confirmed by an orthogonal transcriptomic data set using both de novo clustering and an established definition of memory genes.
Conclusions
Our findings provide an integrated view of HSF-dependent transcriptional memory and shed light on its sequence and chromatin determinants, enabling the prediction and engineering of genes with transcriptional memory behavior.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an herbaceous annual crop of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae). It is increasingly cultivated for its nutritious grains, which are rich in protein and essential amino acids, lipids, and minerals. Quinoa exhibits a high tolerance towards various abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, which supports its agricultural cultivation under climate change conditions. The use of quinoa grains is compromised by anti-nutritional saponins, a terpenoid class of secondary metabolites deposited in the seed coat; their removal before consumption requires extensive washing, an economically and environmentally unfavorable process; or their accumulation can be reduced through breeding. In this study, we analyzed the seed metabolomes, including amino acids, fatty acids, and saponins, from 471 quinoa cultivars, including two related species, by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Additionally, we determined a large number of agronomic traits including biomass, flowering time, and seed yield. The results revealed considerable diversity between genotypes and provide a knowledge base for future breeding or genome editing of quinoa.