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Achtsames Erleben unterstützt die Reflexionsfähigkeit, wenn die Aufmerksamkeit entsprechend gelenkt und Raum und Zeit dafür zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Der Beitrag zeigt Achtsamkeit im Kontext der (beruflichen) Lehrkräftebildung als unterstützenden Faktor zur Entwicklung von Reflexionsfähigkeit. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf Selbstwahrnehmung und Beziehungsgestaltung bieten sich hier Potenziale, die der akademisch geprägten ersten Phase der Lehrkräftebildung noch immer weitgehend fremd geblieben sind. Es werden Einblicke in praktische Ansätze gegeben.
Reflexion wird in diesem Artikel als Rückmeldung (Feedback) zu einem Sprachlernstand begriffen. Es soll anhand eines Fallbeispiels (IRF-Sequenz) aus dem Unterricht Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) der Frage nachgegangen werden, wie sich die Feedback-Interaktion gestaltet und inwiefern sich ihr Gelingen oder Misslingen erklären lässt. Dazu wird die evidenzbasierte Forschung zum effektiven Feedback nach Hattie (u. a. Hattie 2020; Hattie & Zierer 2020; Wisniewski & Zierer 2018) in die Analyse einbezogen. Zu wissen, welche Wirkung Feedbacks erzielen, hilft (angehenden) Lehrer:innen, das eigene Handeln zu reflektieren.
“Israel am Meere”
(2023)
For Jews in Germany, the period following the Nazis’ rise to power in January 1933 was a period of decision-making on many levels: How should they respond to the persecution? If they decided to emigrate, many more decisions had to be made: How does one leave a country, and where should one go? A key moment in the process and in the cultural practice of emigration is the beginning of the sea voyage – when the need for departure and the hope for a new arrival jointly create a period of liminality. Looking at reports from sea voyages of exploration and emigration from the 1930s, this contribution discusses the question whether, and in what ways, such reflections can be read in the context of religious experiences and in the search for Jewish identities in times of turmoil.
“Domestic Foreigners”
(2024)
This paper examines the relationship between the Sephardic Jewish community of Vienna and the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires in the latter half of the 19th century. The community’s legal status was transformed following the emancipation of Austrian Jews, but very few first-hand accounts of these changes exist today. The primary sources analyzed in this paper are Judezmo-language newspapers published in Vienna at that time. The paper emphasizes the historical and political contexts surrounding these sources, particularly the community’s close ties to the Ottoman and Habsburg regimes.
“Creating a Maritime Future”
(2023)
This article explores the importance of the port city of Hamburg in the evolving discourses on the creation of a maritime future, a vision which became influential in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. While some Jewish representatives in the city aimed at preserving and intertwining Hanseatic and Jewish traditions in order to secure a Jewish presence in the port city under the pressure of the Nazi regime and thereafter, others wanted to create new emigration opportunities, especially to Mandatory Palestine, and create a Jewish maritime future in Eretz Israel. Different Zionist organizations supported the newly evolving maritime ideas, such as the “conquest of the sea”, and promoted the image of a Jewish seafaring nation. Despite the difficulties in the 1940s, these concepts gained influence post-1945 and led to the foundation of the fishery kibbutz “Zerubavel” in Blankenese/Hamburg. However, the idea of a Hanseatic Jewish future also remained influential and illustrates how differently a “Jewish maritime future” was imagined and used to link past, present and future.
“Chunking” spoken language
(2021)
In this introductory paper to the special issue on “Weak cesuras in talk-in-interaction”, we aim to guide the reader into current work on the “chunking” of naturally occurring talk. It is conducted in the methodological frameworks of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics – two approaches that consider the interactional aspect of humans talking with each other to be a crucial starting point for its analysis. In doing so, we will (1) lay out the background of this special issue (what is problematic about “chunking” talk-in-interaction, the characteristics of the methodological approach chosen by the contributors, the cesura model), (2) highlight what can be gained from such a revised understanding of “chunking” in talk-in-interaction by referring to previous work with this model as well as the findings of the contributions to this special issue, and (3) indicate further directions such work could take starting from papers in this special issue. We hope to induce a fruitful exchange on the phenomena discussed, across methodological divides.
Even though Salonican Jews are not typically associated with the Habsburg Empire, some of them, nonetheless, lived there. This paper aims to examine the formation of these Salonican Jews’ (self-)identification by studying their social interactions with the local Viennese population such as the Viennese Sephardi or the Greek-Orthodox communities. The change of the milieu within which they found themselves subsequently impacted their self-perception. Thus, the issue of the surrounding environment and their relations with other groups became central to their self-understanding, as will be demonstrated. By examining different aspects, like migration patterns, financial decisions and family ties, one can understand how their intersection influenced Salonica Jews’ self-identification, which, at the same time, shaped and was shaped by the surrounding milieu. Within this framework, these people perceived themselves and were perceived as Salonican, Sephardi, Jewish, and as subjects of the Emperor.
‚Maise Jeschurun‘
(2023)
Kein anderer Akteur prägte die ersten Dezennien der Preußischen Seehandlung so sehr wie Carl August von Struensee. Als deren Direktor und dann als preußischer Finanzminister initiierte er zwischen 1782 und seinem Tod im Jahr 1804 bereits maßgeblich den langen Transformationsprozess der Seehandlung vom königlichen Wachs- und Salzmonopol hin zu einer Staatsbank, der erst im 20. Jahrhundert zum Abschluss kommen sollte. In dem Beitrag wird Struensee sowohl als Wirtschaftstheoretiker in den ökonomischen Diskursen der Aufklärung zwischen Physiokratie und Frühliberalismus situiert als auch als ein Finanzpolitiker mit konsequent europäischem Handlungshorizont vor dem Hintergrund einer beschleunigten globalen und kolonialen Mächtekonkurrenz porträtiert.
Inhalt: 1 Die öffentliche Diskussion: Blinde Flecken und „offene Selektivität“ 2 Die wissenschaftliche Übersetzung des Konzepts in Politikberatung 3 Nachhaltiger Umgang mit Natur – ein Problem technisch-ökonomischerInstrumente? 3.1 Natur als landschaftsökologisches System 3.2 Systemforschung – der „totale Zugriff“ 3.3 Naturraumpotenziale – unbestimmt bestimmte Bewertung von Natur 3.4 Ökonomische Naturbewertung – die „rohe Sprache des Geldes“ 3.5 Fazit 1: Leitplanken für eine ökologische Modernisierung derkapitalistischen Produktionsweise 4 Nachhaltiger Umgang mit Natur – eine Frage von Sinn und Moral? 4.1 Umweltgerechtes Verhalten – Natur als moralische Instanz 4.2 Wissenschaft – zukunftsfähig durch ein „neues Denken“? 4.3 Fazit 2: Leitbilder für einen ökologisch modernisierten Menschen 5 Abschließendes
»Plus outre« – immer weiter
(2022)
»Ich hab eine Idee!«
(2022)
Zwischen Morgen und Abend
(2012)
Diese tragische Geschichte von einem Jagdunfall, bei dem ein dreizehnjähriger Junge, einziger Sohn seiner Eltern, ums Leben kommt, ist die bekannteste Episode aus der 1975 posthum veröffentlichten Baasdörper Krönk. F.E. Peters hat sie zu Lebzeiten auf Hochdeutsch veröffentlicht. Die Erzählung variiert den Freischütz-Stoff.
Nach Erkenntnissen der Sprachheilpädagogik bzw. Sprachtherapie laufen logopädische Leistungen derzeit überwiegend isoliert vom Bildungsgeschehen ab. Im sogenannten Pull-Out-Modell der Leistungserbringung gibt es keine räumliche, zeitliche und inhaltliche Verbindung mit dem Unterricht in der Grundschule (Reber, 2012). Eine Verknüpfung beider Leistungsdomänen erscheint aber in Bezug auf eine erfolgreiche Inklusion und Teilhabe von Kindern mit Sprach- und Sprechstörungen äußerst sinnvoll. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, in welcher Quantität und Qualität ein Austausch zwischen beiden Bereichen aus der Sicht von Grundschullehrkräften in Berlin derzeit erfolgt. Für die Untersuchung wurde ein Befragungswerkzeug entwickelt, womit die Perspektive der Lehrkräfte im Rahmen einer onlinegestützten Umfrage untersucht werden kann. Innerhalb einer Pilotierung konnten erste Daten gewonnen werden, die darauf hinweisen, dass es derzeit tatsächlich selten zu einer Zusammenarbeit kommt. Als wichtigste Hürde konnten dabei die fehlenden zeitlichen Ressourcen identifiziert werden. Anhand der Pilotierung konnten Vorschläge für eine verbesserte Anpassung des Befragungstools erarbeitet werden, so dass dieses nun die Grundlage für eine breiter angelegte Untersuchung bietet.
Gegenstand des Projektes war eine Befragung der Gremien zur kommunalen Kriminalitätsverhütung des Landes Brandenburg. Ziel des Projektes war eine Bestandsaufnahme und Systematisierung der konkreten regionalen Erscheinungsformen von Gewalt und Fremdenfeindlichkeit und ihrer möglichen Ursachen sowie die Ermittlung des von den KKV-Gremien wahrgenommenen politischen Handlungsbedarfs. Inhalt: Gewalt und Fremdenfeindlichkeit: Phänomene, Analyseebenen, Problem- und Thematisierungswellen, Erklärungsansätze und Schlussfolgerungen für die Prävention Kommunale Problemkonstellation und Problembearbeitung gemäß der Expertenbefragung der Leiter der vor Ort bestehenden Gremien kommunaler Kriminalitätsverhütung im Land Brandenburg - Integrationsprobleme und Anlässe der Gewalt - Kommunale Integrationsmaßnahmen - Jugendsubkulturen aus der Sicht kommunaler Gremien zur Kriminalitätsverhütung - Präventionsmaßnahmen zu den Jugendsubkulturen - Gremien zur kommunalen Kriminalitäts-Prävention und Möglichkeiten der Vernetzung - Maßnahmen der KKV-Kommissionen Schlussfolgerungen und Empfehlungen zur Prävention - Grundlegende Werte als Basis eines friedlichen Zusammenlebens stärken - Soziale Integration fördern - Umgang mit Medien und Images verbessern - Regionale Identität als Basis gemeinschaftlicher Verantwortung stärken - Die innerschulische soziale Integration verbessern - Kinder- und Jugendarbeit verstetigen - Zivilgesellschaftliche Initiativen unterstützen - Konsequentes rechtsstaatliches Handeln der Ordnungskräfte - Wirkung bisheriger Maßnahmen - Prävention und Präventionsgremien
Zur Nahrungswahl der Schleiereule (Tyto alba guttata) im Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark (Brandenburg)
(1998)
Menschenrechte von LGBTQI+-Personen sind in keinem Vertragswerk ausdrücklich geregelt. Dementsprechend obliegt ihr Schutz der Rechtsprechung, die in den vergangenen Jahren ein ausdifferenziertes Schutzsystem etabliert hat, das sich vor allem auf den allgemeinen Schutz vor Diskriminierung, aber auch auf etwa das Recht auf Achtung des Privat- und Familienlebens stützt. Der Beitrag stellt die historische Entwicklung dieser LGBTQI+-Menschenrechte dar und trägt die aktuellen Rechtsquellen sowie die wichtigsten Entscheidungen zusammen, die weltweit und insbesondere in Europa diese Rechte gestärkt haben. National und international begegnen rechtliche Probleme dort, wo immer spezifischere Fragestellungen auf weltweit politische Instabilität trifft. Dazu zählen etwa die Stigmatisierung von sog. Konversionsmaßnahmen und die Eintragung von Trans*personen ins Geburtenregister.
Inhalt: 1 Einleitung 2 Gründe für eine neue Unterrichtskultur 3 Von der Lehrer- zur Schülerorientierung? 4 Kernelemente der „neuen Lernkultur“ 4.1 „Schüler abholen“ 4.2 Schüler „zu neuen Ufern führen“ 5 Der idealtypische Unterrichtsaufbau – die Schrittfolge 6 Unterrichtsbeispiel „Wie Kinder und Jugendliche in Ghana leben“ (6. Schuljahr) 7 Unterrichtsevaluation durch Schüler und Lehrer 7.1 Unterrichtsbewertung durch die Schülerinnen und Schüler 7.2 Der Unterricht im Urteil der Klassenlehrerin 8 Unterrichtsforschung – eine Aufgabe der Fachdidaktik?
Nachlässe sind persönliches Eigentum und unterliegen deshalb keiner Abgabepflicht. Der Wunsch des Nachlassers bezüglich der weiteren Aufbewahrung seines schriftlichen Erbes ist demzufolge primär gegenüber allen unseren Wünschen. Wir können nicht fordern, sondern nur bitten, uns durch eigene Leistungen anbieten und die zukünftigen Nachlassenden oder deren Erben überzeugen. Die nicht vorhandene institutionelle Zuständigkeit für die Übernahme von Nachlässen erzeugt die Reibungspunkte zwischen den Einrichtungen, die sich um den Erwerb von Nachlässen bemühen: Archive – Bibliotheken – Museen - Sammlungen. Die Wünsche zum Erwerb des Nachlasses einer bestimmten Person – egal ob Wissenschaftler, Künstler oder Politiker – sind demzufolge immer an verschiedenen Orten gleichzeitig vorhanden. Der Zufall entscheidet dann leider meist darüber, an welcher Stelle der Nachlass zukünftig verwahrt und wissenschaftlich genutzt wird. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob wir auf solche Zufälle hoffen und warten sollen, oder ob wir nicht eher eine engagierte – gemeinsam zwischen den Archiven abgestimmte - Erwerbspolitik betrieben sollten. ------------ Beiträge zum Thema "Nachlässe an Universitäts- und Hochschularchiven sowie Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" im Rahmen der Frühjahrstagung der Fachgruppe 8: "Archivare an Hochschularchiven und Archiven wissenschaftlicher Institutionen" am 16./17. Juni an der Universität Potsdam.
Taking the visit of Erich Honecker to China as an example, the author analyses the bilateral GDR-Chinese relations in the 1980s. Based on extensive original research, the objectives as well as disappointed hopes are presented. The author reveals that not Honecker played the "Chinese Card", but he himself became part of Chinese politics. At the same time, the contradictory reaction to that visit in Moscow are documented when, with the election of Gorbachev, first signs of a change in Soviet policy toward China were indicated. Jahresabo: 40,00 € (ermäßigt: 25,00 €)
Inhalt: Dynamische Interpretation der Leistungsfähigkeit Integrierte Einkommens- und Gewinnbesteuerung Zins- und Sparbereinigung Individuelle Fairness und Familiengerechtigkeit Einfachheit für Administration und Bürger Auswirkungen auf Steueraufkommen und Einkommensverteilung Generationengerechtigkeit Begleitende Maßnahmen Systemdynamik und Wirtschaftswachstum
Rezensiertes Werk: Zillinger, Sylvia: Regionalwirtschaftlicher Strukturwandel und individuelle Arbeitsplatzproblematik : untersucht am Beispiel der Region Heinsberg und der Zeche Sophia-Jacoba / vorgelegt von Sylvia Zillinger, geb. Peters. - Aachen : Maas-Rhein-Inst. für Angewandte Geographie, 1997. - XII, 382 S. : graph. Darst., Kt. (Informationen und Materialien zur Geographie der Euregio Maas, Rhein : Beiheft ; 7) Zugl.: Aachen, Univ., Diss., 1997
Under the influence of orientation towards European integration, Georgia has introduced a variety of new laws with the apparent aim to decentralize legislative and executive powers. This paper shows that the Georgian efforts of decentralization remain superficial, mainly because they are not backed by additional fiscal competences at the municipality level. Following an initial description of the pre-reform situation as of 2006 and based upon a detailed account of the structural changes since 2007, the author gives insight into the conflicts which arise from the lack of institutional congruency. Neither the extraordinary status of the capital Tbilisi nor the seeming autonomy of the Rebublic of Adjara are likely to sway the renegade territories of Abchasia and Ossetia towards a reintegration under Georgian centralized rule as it continues to exist today. Likewise, the success of the proposed and discussed fiscal equalization scheme depends on whether the President and his ruling party are willing to delegate powers to the subodinate jurisdictions.
We introduce a simple approach extending the input language of Answer Set Programming (ASP) systems by multi-valued propositions. Our approach is implemented as a (prototypical) preprocessor translating logic programs with multi-valued propositions into logic programs with Boolean propositions only. Our translation is modular and heavily benefits from the expressive input language of ASP. The resulting approach, along with its implementation, allows for solving interesting constraint satisfaction problems in ASP, showing a good performance.
We summarize Chandra observations of the emission line profiles from 17 OB stars. The lines tend to be broad and unshifted. The forbidden/intercombination line ratios arising from Helium-like ions provide radial distance information for the X-ray emission sources, while the H-like to He-like line ratios provide X-ray temperatures, and thus also source temperature versus radius distributions. OB stars usually show power law differential emission measure distributions versus temperature. In models of bow shocks, we find a power law differential emission measure, a wide range of ion stages, and the bow shock flow around the clumps provides transverse velocities comparable to HWHM values. We find that the bow shock results for the line profile properties, consistent with the observations of X-ray line emission for a broad range of OB star properties.
Injuries in professional soccer are a significant concern for teams, and they are caused amongst others by high training load. This cohort study describes the relationship between workload parameters and the occurrence of non-contact injuries, during weeks with high and low workload in professional soccer players throughout the season. Twenty-one professional soccer players aged 28.3 ± 3.9 yrs. who competed in the Iranian Persian Gulf Pro League participated in this 48-week study. The external load was monitored using global positioning system (GPS, GPSPORTS Systems Pty Ltd) and the type of injury was documented daily by the team's medical staff. Odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) were calculated for non-contact injuries for high- and low-load weeks according to acute (AW), chronic (CW), acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), and AW variation (Δ-Acute) values. By using Poisson distribution, the interval between previous and new injuries were estimated. Overall, 12 non-contact injuries occurred during high load and 9 during low load weeks. Based on the variables ACWR and Δ-AW, there was a significantly increased risk of sustaining non-contact injuries (p < 0.05) during high-load weeks for ACWR (OR: 4.67), and Δ-AW (OR: 4.07). Finally, the expected time between injuries was significantly shorter in high load weeks for ACWR [1.25 vs. 3.33, rate ratio time (RRT)] and Δ-AW (1.33 vs. 3.45, RRT) respectively, compared to low load weeks. The risk of sustaining injuries was significantly larger during high workload weeks for ACWR, and Δ-AW compared with low workload weeks. The observed high OR in high load weeks indicate that there is a significant relationship between workload and occurrence of non-contact injuries. The predicted time to new injuries is shorter in high load weeks compared to low load weeks. Therefore, the frequency of injuries is higher during high load weeks for ACWR and Δ-AW. ACWR and Δ-AW appear to be good indicators for estimating the injury risk, and the time interval between injuries.
Diversity is a term that is broadly used and challenging for informatics research, development and education. Diversity concerns may relate to unequal participation, knowledge and methodology, curricula, institutional planning etc. For a lot of these areas, measures, guidelines and best practices on diversity awareness exist. A systemic, sustainable impact of diversity measures on informatics is still largely missing. In this paper I explore what working with diversity and gender concepts in informatics entails, what the main challenges are and provide thoughts for improvement. The paper includes definitions of diversity and intersectionality, reflections on the disciplinary basis of informatics and practical implications of integrating diversity in informatics research and development. In the final part, two concepts from the social sciences and the humanities, the notion of “third space”/hybridity and the notion of “feminist ethics of care”, serve as a lens to foster more sustainable ways of working with diversity in informatics.
Recent research has shown that the early lexical representations children establish in their second year of life already seem to be phonologically detailed enough to allow differentiation from very similar forms. In contrast to these findings children with specific language impairment show problems in discriminating phonologically similar word forms up to school age. In our study we investigated the question whether there would be differences in the processing of phonological details in normally developing and in children with low language performance in the second year of life. This was done by a retrospective study in which in the processing of phonological details was tested by a preferential looking experiment when the children were 19 months old. At the age of 30 months children were tested with a standardized German test of language comprehension and production (SETK2). The preferential looking data at 19 months revealed an opposite reaction pattern for the two groups: while the children scoring normally in the SETK2 increase their fixations of a pictured object only when it was named with the correct word, children with later low language performance did so only when presented with a phonologically slightly deviant mispronunciation. We suggest that this pattern does not point to a specific deficit in processing phonological information in these children but might be related to an instability of early phonological representations, and/or a generalized problem of information processing as compared to typically developing children.
Wolfenstein: The New Order
(2020)
Rezensiertes Werk: Auf dem Weg zu einer neuen regionalen Organisation? : Vorträge eines Symposiums in Frankfurt am Main am 20. November 1998 / hrsg. von Klaus Wolf und Elke Tharun. - Frankfurt am Main : Rhein-Mainische Forschung des Inst. für Kulturgeographie, Stadt- und Regionalforschung und des Inst. für Physische Geographie der Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Univ., 1999. - 117 S. : graph. Darst., Kt. - (Rhein-Mainische Forschungen ; H. 116 ; Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft für Regionalwissenschaftliche Forschung Rhein-Main e.V. ; H. 11) ISBN 3-923184-22-0
Rezensiertes Werk: Bebauung "Am Riedberg Frankfurt am Main" : Vorschlag zur funktionalen und sozialräumlichen Verknüpfung der geplanten Neubauten der Universität Frankfurt am Main und der beabsichtigten Bebauung des "Riedberg-Geländes" durch die Stadt Frankfurt am Main / Projektleitung: Klaus Wolf. Bearb.: Claudia Maria Scholz. - Frankfurt am Main : Inst. für Kulturgeographie, Stadt- und Regionalforschung der J.-W.-Goethe-Univ., 1999. - 199 S. : graph. Darst., Kt. - (Materialien / Institut für Kulturgeographie, Stadt- und Regionalforschung der J.-W.-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main ; 27 ; Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft für regionalwissenschaftliche Forschung Rhein-Main (Regio-Rhein-Main) e.V. ; 13) ISBN 3-923218-20-6 (kart.)
Dieser Aufsatz verknüpft die komparative Wohlfahrtsforschung mit der traditionellen Einstellungsforschung auf Basis von quantitativen empirischen Erhebungen. Inhalt: 1 Wohlfahrtskonzepte 1.1 Die Zieldimension 1.2 Die Wohlfahrtsproduzenten 2 Determinanten von Unterstützungen 2.1 Die Makroebene: Wohlfahrtsregimetypologien 2.2 Die Mikroebene: Interessen und Werte 3 Operationalisierung 3.1 Wohlfahrtskonzepte 3.2 Indikatoren der Mikroebene 4 Unterstützungspotentiale für die Wohlfahrtskonzepte 4.1 Die Unterstützung des Egalitarismus-Etatismus 4.1.1 Innerstaatliche Einstellungsvariationen 4.1.2 Zwischenstaatliche Einstellungsvariation 4.2 Die Unterstützung des Funktionalismus 4.3 Die Unterstützung des Investitionsprinzips 4.4 Die Unterstützung des reinen Leistungsprinzips 4.5 Die Unterstützung des Familialismus 4.6 Die Unterstützung des Chancengleichheit-Marktliberalismus-Index 4.7 Kompositionen von Wohlfahrtskonzepten
In this article, Immanuel Wallerstein tries to anticipate the evolution of world conflicts and structures over the next decades. In his analysis, he identifies three main cleavages which structure future global conflicts: the triadic cleavage between the United States, Europe and Japan, who compete economically; the North-South cleavage between core zones and the periphery of the world economy; and, finally, the cleavage between what he calls the "Spirit of Davos" and the "Spirit of Porto Alegre" as a conflict between alternative images of the future world order. The structure and the dynamics of each cleavage are analysed and their evolution over the next decades is anticipated.
There has never been a theory of transition from really existing Socialism to a democratic and market-oriented system. Different theoretical approaches are taken into consideration by the author. Experiences of other transitional processes are practicable on Eastern Europe in a limited way. The missing of socio-structural differentiation, the socio-cultural consequences of the really existing Socialism and the international conditions did not promote the transition. It seems that the transition in Eastern Europe is obviously not a change from one political system to another one, but for the time being an open process.
According to the author, chairman of the Foreign Policy Committee in the German parliament (Bundestag), German foreign policy is based on a strong parliamentary consensus: continuing as a Western European country, co-operating with our partners in the European Union and the NATO, acting as a responsible member of UN and OSCE. Germany firmly stands up to these basic decisions, also today in a changed world, concentrating on reaching two major goals: building up a new security architecture for Europe as a whole and reuniting Europe by enlarging the European Union. Moderate and co-operate in style, Germany will continue to be a reliable partner, willing and ready to accept even more responsibilities in Europe and beyond Europe.
Wirtschaftscluster
(2004)
Im Rahmen des Projekts „Schnittstellen gestalten“ der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung von Bund und Ländern wurde an der Universität Bremen im Fach Biologie ein Aufgabenkonzept zur Reflexionsförderung bestehend aus Seminaraufgaben und Unterstützungstools (Prompts) entwickelt und im Wintersemester 2017/2018 eingesetzt. Die Zielsetzung des Aufgabenkonzepts war zum einen, den systematischen Aufbau von biologiedidaktischem Theoriewissen zur Unterrichtsplanung, welches die Grundlage für das Reflektieren fachbezogener Frage- und Problemstellungen in der selbst erlebten Praxis bildet, anzuregen. Zum anderen sollen die Studierenden durch den Einsatz von Prompts gezielt in reflexiven Handlungen unterstützt werden. Die Wirksamkeit des Aufgabenkonzepts wurde anhand der Reflexionsperformanz erhoben (n = 25) und durch Erkenntnisse einer Interviewstudie erweitert. Die nachfolgend vorgestellten Ergebnisse lassen auf ein tragfähiges Aufgabenkonzept schließen. Dieses zeigt insgesamt, wie Anforderungen an das Reflektieren, wie z. B. die Verknüpfung von Theorie und Praxis, hochschuldidaktisch umsetzbar gemacht werden können und erweitert somit das Spektrum diskutierter Förderansätze im Bereich der Reflexionsförderung.
Luminous Blue Variables show strong changes in their stellar wind on time scales of typically years to decades when they expand and contract radially at approximately constant luminosity. Micro-variability on shorter time scales and amplitudes can be observed superimposed to the larger scale radial changes. I will show long-term time series of high resolution spectra which we have collected in the past 20 years for many of the well known LBVs together with a few time series of weekly sampling (HR Car, R40, R71, R110, R127, S Dor) covering a time windows of up to a few months. Wind variability is seen on short and intermediate time scales with the line profiles changing from P Cygni to inverse P Cygni and double peeked profiles sometimes for the same star and spectral line. On longer time scales the ionisation levels for all chemical elements change drastically due to the strong change of the temperature on the stellar surface. While on the long term the characteristic radial changes may have impact on the over all mass loss rates, the variabilities and asymmetries on short and intermediate time scales may cause false estimates of the mass loss rates when confronting models with the observed line profiles
The most massive stars are those with the shortest but most active life. One group of massive stars, the Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), of which only a few objects are known, are in particular of interest concerning the stability of stars. They have a high mass loss rate and are close to being instable. This is even more likely as rotation becomes an important factor in stellar evolution of these stars. Through massive stellar winds and sometimes giant eruptions, LBV nebulae are formed. Various aspects in the evolution in the LBV phase lead, beside the large scale morphological and kinematical differences, to a diversity of small structures like clumps, rims, and outflows in these nebulae.
We discuss the results of time-resolved spectroscopy of three presumably single Population I Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, where the ambient metallicity is $\sim 1/5 Z_\odot$. We were able to detect and follow numerous small-scale wind-embedded inhomogeneities in all observed stars. The general properties of the moving features, such as their velocity dispersions, emissivities and average accelerations, closely match the corresponding characteristics of small-scale inhomogeneities in the winds of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars.
The influence of the wind to the total continuum of OB supergiants is discussed. For wind velocity distributions with β > 1.0, the wind can have strong influence to the total continuum emission, even at optical wavelengths. Comparing the continuum emission of clumped and unclumped winds, especially for stars with high β values, delivers flux differences of up to 30% with maximum in the near-IR. Continuum observations at these wavelengths are therefore an ideal tool to discriminate between clumped and unclumped winds of OB supergiants.
Among the multitude of geomorphological processes, aeolian shaping processes are of special character, Pedogenic dust is one of the most important sources of atmospheric aerosols and therefore regarded as a key player for atmospheric processes. Soil dust emissions, being complex in composition and properties, influence atmospheric processes and air quality and has impacts on other ecosystems. In this because even though their immediate impact can be considered low (exceptions exist), their constant and large-scale force makes them a powerful player in the earth system. dissertation, we unravel a novel scientific understanding of this complex system based on a holistic dataset acquired during a series of field experiments on arable land in La Pampa, Argentina. The field experiments as well as the generated data provide information about topography, various soil parameters, the atmospheric dynamics in the very lower atmosphere (4m height) as well as measurements regarding aeolian particle movement across a wide range of particle size classes between 0.2μm up to the coarse sand.
The investigations focus on three topics: (a) the effects of low-scale landscape structures on aeolian transport processes of the coarse particle fraction, (b) the horizontal and vertical fluxes of the very fine particles and (c) the impact of wind gusts on particle emissions.
Among other considerations presented in this thesis, it could in particular be shown, that even though the small-scale topology does have a clear impact on erosion and deposition patterns, also physical soil parameters need to be taken into account for a robust statistical modelling of the latter. Furthermore, specifically the vertical fluxes of particulate matter have different characteristics for the particle size classes. Finally, a novel statistical measure was introduced to quantify the impact of wind gusts on the particle uptake and its application on the provided data set. The aforementioned measure shows significantly increased particle concentrations during points in time defined as gust event.
With its holistic approach, this thesis further contributes to the fundamental understanding of how atmosphere and pedosphere are intertwined and affect each other.
Rezensiertes Werk: Ruhrstadt - Die andere Metropole : [ein Beitrag zum Projekt "HISTORAMA Ruhr 2000, Rückblick auf das Industriezeitalter] / von Gerd Willamowski ... Hrsg. für den Kommunalverband Ruhrgebiet. [Konzeption und Projektleitung: Manfred Bourrée]. - 1. Aufl. - Essen : Klartext-Verl., 2000. - 655 S. : zahlr. Ill., Kt. ISBN 3-88474-895-5*Gb.
Rezensiertes Werk: Wiegandt, Claus-Christian: An den Grenzen des Wachstums : Eindrücke zur amerikanischen Stadtentwicklung Mitte der 90er Jahre ; Abschlußbericht zur Forschungsreise durch die USA vom 16. Oktober bis zum 8. Dezember 1995 / Claus-C. Wiegandt. Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landeskunde und Raumordnung. - Bonn : Bundesforschungsanst. für Landeskunde und Raumordnung, 1997. - 32 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. - (Arbeitspapiere / Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landeskunde und Raumordnung ; 1997,3)
Wieder zu lesen
(2003)
Wie kommt Farbe zur Sprache?
(2005)
In diesem Beitrag werden das Konzept der „Virtuellen Runden Tische“ (ViRuTi) sowie Ergebnisse ihrer Pilotierung und Perspektiven für die Implementierung vorgestellt. Dabei geht es um die ressourcenfreundliche, digitale Umsetzung und niederschwellige Durchführung der ViRuTi. Inklusive Bestrebungen sind fest mit der Notwendigkeit interdisziplinärer Fallbesprechungen verknüpft. Akteure aus Kita, Schule und Gesundheitswesen können mit Bezugspersonen des betreffenden Kindes gemeinsam am runden Tisch Perspektiven austauschen und Entscheidungen treffen, bspw. zur Einleitung und Evaluierung von Sprachförder- oder -therapiemaßnahmen. Eine durch ein Konzept vorgegebene Struktur erleichtert den Austausch und die Fokussierung der Beteiligten auf die Ressourcen und Bedürfnisse des Kindes. Außerdem ist dieser interprofessionelle bzw. transdisziplinäre Austausch auch digital möglich.
German foreign policy is in the midst of a far-reaching transformation. Contrary to disciplinary expectations, this process is neither properly captured by descriptions in the liberal tradition („Europeanisation“, „Civilian Power“) nor by Realist expectations that Germany is doomed to „remilitarise“ and/or „renationalise“. However, the key term of foreign policy discourse, „normalisation“, is an unmistakable code, signalling a rediscovery of traditional Realpolitik practices which fit Germany’s current environment. The paper argues that rather than merely playing the role of an obedient disciple of Realpolitik socialisers, Germany ought to rehabilitate the foreign policy tradition of the Bonn Republic in support of an active Idealpolitik transformation of its environment. The article serves as a starting point for a debate on German foreign policy in the upcoming issues of WeltTrends.
Wider den „euro-atlantischen Internationalismus“ : Berliner Republik und Entgrenzung der Bundeswehr
(2007)
Inhalt: Frieden mit aller Gewalt schaffen? Tatbestand: Staatsterrorismus Das Weißbuch 2006 Bundesverfassungsgericht versus Bundesverwaltungsgericht Weltweites Interventionsrecht Lizenz zum Völkerrechtsbruch „Re-Transformation“ der Bundeswehr Prinzipien für einen sicherheitspolitischen Grundkonsens Breite öffentliche Debatte notwendig
In this article, we propose a model for an understanding process that learners can use while studying programming. We focus on the “small step” method, in which students learn only a few concepts for one program to avoid having trouble with learning programming. We also analyze the difference in the description order between several C programming textbooks on the basis of the model. We developed a tool to detect “gaps” (a lot of concepts to be learned in a program) in programming textbooks.
This study investigates the relationship between teacher quality and teachers’ engagement in professional development (PD) activities using data on 229 German secondary school mathematics teachers. We assessed different aspects of teacher quality (e.g. professional knowledge, instructional quality) using a variety of measures, including standardised tests of teachers’ content knowledge, to determine what characteristics are associated with high participation in PD. The results show that teachers with higher scores for teacher quality variables take part in more content-focused PD than teachers with lower scores for these variables. This suggests that teacher learning may be subject to a Matthew effect, whereby more proficient teachers benefit more from PD than less proficient teachers.
Semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are becoming increasingly scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. This may reduce natural ecosystem services such as pest control with its putatively positive effect on crop production. In agreement with other studies, we recently reported wheat yield reductions at field borders which were linked to the type of SNH and the distance to the border. In this experimental landscape-wide study, we asked whether these yield losses have a biotic origin while analyzing fungal seed and fungal leaf pathogens, herbivory of cereal leaf beetles, and weed cover as hypothesized mediators between SNHs and yield. We established experimental winter wheat plots of a single variety within conventionally managed wheat fields at fixed distances either to a hedgerow or to an in-field kettle hole. For each plot, we recorded the fungal infection rate on seeds, fungal infection and herbivory rates on leaves, and weed cover. Using several generalized linear mixed-effects models as well as a structural equation model, we tested the effects of SNHs at a field scale (SNH type and distance to SNH) and at a landscape scale (percentage and diversity of SNHs within a 1000-m radius). In the dry year of 2016, we detected one putative biotic culprit: Weed cover was negatively associated with yield values at a 1-m and 5-m distance from the field border with a SNH. None of the fungal and insect pests, however, significantly affected yield, neither solely nor depending on type of or distance to a SNH. However, the pest groups themselves responded differently to SNH at the field scale and at the landscape scale. Our findings highlight that crop losses at field borders may be caused by biotic culprits; however, their negative impact seems weak and is putatively reduced by conventional farming practices.
Which event happened first?
(2021)
First come, first served: Critical choices between alternative actions are often made based on events external to an organization, and reacting promptly to their occurrence can be a major advantage over the competition. In Business Process Management (BPM), such deferred choices can be expressed in process models, and they are an important aspect of process engines. Blockchain-based process execution approaches are no exception to this, but are severely limited by the inherent properties of the platform: The isolated environment prevents direct access to external entities and data, and the non-continual runtime based entirely on atomic transactions impedes the monitoring and detection of events. In this paper we provide an in-depth examination of the semantics of deferred choice, and transfer them to environments such as the blockchain. We introduce and compare several oracle architectures able to satisfy certain requirements, and show that they can be implemented using state-of-the-art blockchain technology.
When we pay close attention to the prosody of Wh-questions in Japanese, we discover many novel and interesting empirical puzzles that would require us to devise a much finer syntactic component of grammar. This paper addresses the issues that pose some problems to such an elaborated grammar, and offers solutions, making an appeal to the information structure and sentence processing involved in the interpretation of interrogative and focus constructions.
In this paper we report on our experiments in teaching computer science concepts with a mix of tangible and abstract object manipulations. The goal we set ourselves was to let pupils discover the challenges one has to meet to automatically manipulate formatted text. We worked with a group of 25 secondary school pupils (9-10th grade), and they were actually able to “invent” the concept of mark-up language. From this experiment we distilled a set of activities which will be replicated in other classes (6th grade) under the guidance of maths teachers.
The Jewish museums established in the fin-de-siècle Habsburg Empire postulated the unity of “the Jewish people,” with custodians constructing an “us” (Jews) in distinction to the “other” (non-Jews). In the difference-oriented frenzy of the time, Jewish identity was predominantly presented as Central European, enlightened, not overly religious, and middle-class. Then, when the Viennese Jewish Museum opened its doors in 1895, the painters Isidor Kaufmann and David Kohn created an installation called “Die Gute Stube” (The Parlor). This exhibit housed books, furniture, as well as decorative and ritual objects of the kind that were thought to be found in typical Eastern European Jewish households. However, as this article argues, this attempted visualization of the essence of Judaism and the range of Jewish life worlds promoted a paradigmatic stereotype with which Jewish museums would have to struggle for decades to come.
The COVID-19 pandemic created the largest experiment in working from home. We study how persistent telework may change energy and transport consumption and costs in Germany to assess the distributional and environmental implications when working from home will stick. Based on data from the German Microcensus and available classifications of working-from-home feasibility for different occupations, we calculate the change in energy consumption and travel to work when 15% of employees work full time from home. Our findings suggest that telework translates into an annual increase in heating energy expenditure of 110 euros per worker and a decrease in transport expenditure of 840 euros per worker. All income groups would gain from telework but high-income workers gain twice as much as low-income workers. The value of time saving is between 1.3 and 6 times greater than the savings from reduced travel costs and almost 9 times higher for high-income workers than low-income workers. The direct effects on CO₂ emissions due to reduced car commuting amount to 4.5 millions tons of CO₂, representing around 3 percent of carbon emissions in the transport sector.
In this talk, I would like to share my experiences gained from participating in four CSP solver competitions and the second ASP solver competition. In particular, I’ll talk about how various programming techniques can make huge differences in solving some of the benchmark problems used in the competitions. These techniques include global constraints, table constraints, and problem-specific propagators and labeling strategies for selecting variables and values. I’ll present these techniques with experimental results from B-Prolog and other CLP(FD) systems.
What does stunting tell us?
(2023)
Stunting is commonly linked with undernutrition. Yet, already after World War I, German pediatricians questioned this link and stated that no association exists between nutrition and height. Recent analyses within different populations of Low- and middle-income countries with high rates of stunted children failed to support the assumption that stunted children have a low BMI and skinfold sickness as signs of severe caloric deficiency. So, stunting is not a synonym of malnutrition. Parental education level has a positive influence on body height in stunted populations, e.g., in India and in Indonesia. Socially disadvantaged children tend to be shorter and lighter than children from affluent families.
Humans are social mammals; they regulate growth similar to other social mammals. Also in humans, body height is strongly associated with the position within the social hierarchy, reflecting the personal and group-specific social, economic, political, and emotional environment. These non-nutritional impact factors on growth are summarized by the concept of SEPE (Social-Economic-Political-Emotional) factors. SEPE reflects on prestige, dominance-subordination, social identity, and ego motivation of individuals and social groups.