Extern
Refine
Year of publication
- 2021 (62) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (48)
- Working Paper (9)
- Doctoral Thesis (2)
- Postprint (2)
- Review (1)
Language
- English (62) (remove)
Keywords
- USA (7)
- United States (7)
- moderne jüdische Geschichte (6)
- modern Jewish history (5)
- 20. Jahrhundert (4)
- 20th century (4)
- 19. Jahrhundert (3)
- 19th century (2)
- Chlamydomonas (2)
- German history (2)
- MiSpEx (2)
- Modern Jewish history (2)
- SEPE (2)
- acclimation (2)
- behaviour (2)
- composition (2)
- deutsche Geschichte (2)
- ecophysiology (2)
- football (2)
- kinetics (2)
- long-term effects (2)
- low back pain (2)
- mental health (2)
- migration (2)
- multidisciplinary intervention (2)
- photoresponse (2)
- photosynthesis (2)
- physiology (2)
- stunting (2)
- sustainability (2)
- virtual reality (2)
- ALOS World 3D (1)
- ASTER GDEM (1)
- Adipose tissue (1)
- Adolescents (1)
- Africa (1)
- Aftercare (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Chew Bahir (1)
- Chronic conditions (1)
- Chronic low back pain (1)
- Conversation Analysis (1)
- Copernicus DEM (1)
- Coping (1)
- Cystic fibrosis (1)
- Cytochrome b (1)
- DEM noise (1)
- Difference-in-Differences (1)
- East European Jewish history (1)
- Energiespeicher (1)
- European history (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fourier analysis (1)
- Fresh water fish (1)
- Galicia (1)
- Galizien (1)
- Gasgeochemie (1)
- Geistesgeschichte (1)
- Gene expression (1)
- Genetics (1)
- German Jewry (1)
- Glucose homeostasis (1)
- HIV (1)
- Hippo signaling (1)
- Horace Kallen (1)
- ICDP (1)
- Individualized therapy (1)
- Institutions (1)
- Insulin resistance (1)
- Interactional Linguistics (1)
- Irradiation (1)
- Isaac Leeser (1)
- Isaac Mayer Wise (1)
- Island biogeography (1)
- Israel (1)
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (1)
- Kohlenstoff (1)
- LCSM (1)
- Matthew effect (1)
- Memory studies (1)
- Metabolic syndrome (1)
- Mitochondria (1)
- Mobile diagnostics (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Moderne jüdische Geschichte (1)
- Natrium-Ionen-Akkumulator (1)
- Nehemia Robinson (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Orthodox Judaism (1)
- Photodynamics (1)
- Phylogeny (1)
- Physical activity (1)
- Policy Reform (1)
- Preußen (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Prior knowledge (1)
- Prospective (1)
- Protective factors (1)
- Prussia (1)
- Quality of life (1)
- Rabbiner (1)
- Randomized controlled trial (1)
- Rechtsgeschichte (1)
- Reform Judaism (1)
- Reformjudentum (1)
- Rehabilitation (1)
- Reisen (1)
- Reproducible benchmarking (1)
- Resiliency (1)
- Rural health (1)
- Russia (1)
- Russland (1)
- SNARC (1)
- SRT (1)
- SRTM (1)
- Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) factors (1)
- Start-Up Subsidies (1)
- Stress response (1)
- Strukturgeologie (1)
- TAVI (1)
- TanDEM-X (1)
- Type 1 diabetes (1)
- VR (1)
- Wissenschaftsgeschichte (1)
- Wissensgeschichte (1)
- WorldDEM (1)
- Yap1/Wwtr1 (Taz) (1)
- addition (1)
- adolescents (1)
- anterior cruciate ligament (1)
- anthropometry (1)
- approximate methods (1)
- arable weeds (1)
- athletic performance (1)
- behavioral economics (1)
- bibliometric analysis (1)
- birth weight (1)
- blended learning (1)
- blockchain (1)
- body height (1)
- business process management (1)
- business processes (1)
- business services (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon cycling (1)
- carbon price (1)
- cardiac development (1)
- cardiology (1)
- cardiovascular diseases (1)
- cellulose polymeric organic matter (1)
- cereal leaf beetle (1)
- change of direction speed (1)
- citation analysis (1)
- climate (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate policy (1)
- cognitive bias (1)
- consultation (1)
- content knowledge (1)
- continuing education activities (1)
- crowding out (1)
- cultural pluralism (1)
- decomposition methods (1)
- deferred choice (1)
- deutsch-jüdische Geschichte (1)
- diabetic (1)
- diffusion (1)
- eccentric-plyometric (1)
- economy (1)
- elderly (1)
- electromyography (1)
- elevated plus-maze (1)
- embodied cognition (1)
- emotional stress (1)
- endocardium (1)
- endophytes (1)
- energy storage (1)
- europäische Geschichte (1)
- exercise (1)
- exercise test (1)
- extracellular enzymes (1)
- fear (1)
- feeling of presence (1)
- fiction (1)
- first-passage time (1)
- first-reaction time (1)
- food prices (1)
- formal semantics (1)
- frailty tool (1)
- frame index (1)
- functional performance (1)
- fungal pathogens (1)
- fungi (1)
- gait (1)
- gas geochemistry (1)
- gender (1)
- geothermal exploration (1)
- geothermal monitoring (1)
- geothermische Exploration (1)
- geothermische Überwachung (1)
- goal-setting (1)
- habit formation (1)
- handgrip strength (1)
- hate crime (1)
- health care (1)
- healthcare (1)
- herbivory (1)
- high-sodium (1)
- history of science (1)
- horizontal equity (1)
- human capital (1)
- hybridization capture (1)
- imaginary world (1)
- implicit learning (1)
- in-service training (1)
- income (1)
- innovation laboratories (1)
- intellectual history (1)
- interreligious dialogue (1)
- interreligiöser Dialog (1)
- intonation units (1)
- intra-organ-communication (1)
- just transition (1)
- jüdische Orthodoxie (1)
- kelp (1)
- kultureller Pluralismus (1)
- labor productivity (1)
- labour migration (1)
- legal history (1)
- literature review (1)
- maturation (1)
- mechanobiology (1)
- memory studies (1)
- mental imagery (1)
- mental simulation (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metabolic disease (1)
- migrants (1)
- mobility (1)
- mortality (1)
- myocardium (1)
- narrative (1)
- natural field experiment (1)
- nineteenth century (1)
- non-adjacent dependencies (1)
- obesity (1)
- objective health measures (1)
- older patients (1)
- oncology (1)
- open-field (1)
- oracles (1)
- osteuropäisch-jüdische Geschichte (1)
- oxygen consumption (1)
- paleoclimate (1)
- past biosphere (1)
- peak height velocity (1)
- phonetics (1)
- physical activity (1)
- post-natal (1)
- pre-natal (1)
- primary school (1)
- print culture (1)
- problem solving (1)
- productivity slowdown (1)
- professional development (1)
- prosody (1)
- psycho-oncology (1)
- rabbis (1)
- redistribution (1)
- redox state (1)
- refugees (1)
- regulation of growth (1)
- religious education (1)
- religiöse Bildung (1)
- renewable energy subsidies (1)
- representative real-time survey data (1)
- return-to-sport (1)
- review (1)
- rule learning (1)
- school health examinations (1)
- sedaDNA (1)
- sedentary (1)
- sediment core (1)
- self-employed (1)
- serial reaction time (SRT) task (1)
- shared leadership (1)
- shell-like geometries (1)
- skills (1)
- smart contracts (1)
- sodium-ion batteries (1)
- speed (1)
- stability (1)
- standing long jump (1)
- starch granule (1)
- starch granule morphology (1)
- starch granule size (1)
- starch metabolism (1)
- structural equation model (1)
- structural geology (1)
- subtraction (1)
- syntax (1)
- talk-in-interaction (1)
- taxpayer subsidies (1)
- teacher learning (1)
- teacher quality (1)
- training (1)
- training adaptation (1)
- transatlantic history (1)
- transatlantische Geschichte (1)
- travel (1)
- usability (1)
- voucher (1)
- water sports (1)
- web-based (1)
- wheat (1)
- windfall gains (1)
- workflow patterns (1)
- youth soccer (1)
- youth sports (1)
- zebrafish (1)
- social network analysis (1)
- team creativity (1)
- intrapreneurship (1)
Institute
- Extern (62)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (11)
- Center for Economic Policy Analysis (CEPA) (9)
- Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften (8)
- Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e. V. (8)
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (7)
- Fachgruppe Volkswirtschaftslehre (6)
- Department Psychologie (3)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (3)
- Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften (2)
Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.
Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.
Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06).
Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
We study the probability density function (PDF) of the first-reaction times between a diffusive ligand and a membrane-bound, immobile imperfect target region in a restricted 'onion-shell' geometry bounded by two nested membranes of arbitrary shapes. For such a setting, encountered in diverse molecular signal transduction pathways or in the narrow escape problem with additional steric constraints, we derive an exact spectral form of the PDF, as well as present its approximate form calculated by help of the so-called self-consistent approximation. For a particular case when the nested domains are concentric spheres, we get a fully explicit form of the approximated PDF, assess the accuracy of this approximation, and discuss various facets of the obtained distributions. Our results can be straightforwardly applied to describe the PDF of the terminal reaction event in multi-stage signal transduction processes.
High-salt (HS) diets have recently been linked to oxidative stress in the brain, a fact that may be a precursor to behavioral changes, such as those involving anxiety-like behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the amygdala redox status after consuming a HS diet in the pre- or postweaning periods. This study aimed to evaluate the amygdala redox status and anxiety-like behaviors in adulthood, after inclusion of HS diet in two periods: preconception, gestation, and lactation (preweaning); and only after weaning (postweaning). Initially, 18 females and 9 male Wistar rats received a standard (n = 9 females and 4 males) or a HS diet (n = 9 females and 5 males) for 120 days. After mating, females continued to receive the aforementioned diets during gestation and lactation. Weaning occurred at 21-day-old Wistar rats and the male offspring were subdivided: control-control (C-C)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), control-HS (C-HS)—offspring of standard diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11), HS-C—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a standard diet after weaning (n = 9–11), and HS-HS—offspring of HS diet fed dams who received a HS diet after weaning (n = 9–11). At adulthood, the male offspring performed the elevated plus maze and open field tests. At 152-day-old Wistar rats, the offspring were euthanized and the amygdala was removed for redox state analysis. The HS-HS group showed higher locomotion and rearing frequency in the open field test. These results indicate that this group developed hyperactivity. The C-HS group had a higher ratio of entries and time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test in addition to a higher head-dipping frequency. These results suggest less anxiety-like behaviors. In the analysis of the redox state, less activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the amygdala were shown in the amygdala of animals that received a high-salt diet regardless of the period (pre- or postweaning). In conclusion, the high-salt diet promoted hyperactivity when administered in the pre- and postweaning periods. In animals that received only in the postweaning period, the addition of salt induced a reduction in anxiety-like behaviors. Also, regardless of the period, salt provided amygdala oxidative stress, which may be linked to the observed behaviors.
Mediterranean ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change and the associated increase in climate anomalies. This study investigates extreme ecosystem responses evoked by climatic drivers in the Mediterranean Basin for the time span 1999–2019 with a specific focus on seasonal variations as the seasonal timing of climatic anomalies is considered essential for impact and vulnerability assessment. A bivariate vulnerability analysis is performed for each month of the year to quantify which combinations of the drivers temperature (obtained from ERA5-Land) and soil moisture (obtained from ESA CCI and ERA5-Land) lead to extreme reductions in ecosystem productivity using the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR; obtained from the Copernicus Global Land Service) as a proxy.
The bivariate analysis clearly showed that, in many cases, it is not just one but a combination of both drivers that causes ecosystem vulnerability. The overall pattern shows that Mediterranean ecosystems are prone to three soil moisture regimes during the yearly cycle: they are vulnerable to hot and dry conditions from May to July, to cold and dry conditions from August to October, and to cold conditions from November to April, illustrating the shift from a soil-moisture-limited regime in summer to an energy-limited regime in winter. In late spring, a month with significant vulnerability to hot conditions only often precedes the next stage of vulnerability to both hot and dry conditions, suggesting that high temperatures lead to critically low soil moisture levels with a certain time lag. In the eastern Mediterranean, the period of vulnerability to hot and dry conditions within the year is much longer than in the western Mediterranean. Our results show that it is crucial to account for both spatial and temporal variability to adequately assess ecosystem vulnerability. The seasonal vulnerability approach presented in this study helps to provide detailed insights regarding the specific phenological stage of the year in which ecosystem vulnerability to a certain climatic condition occurs.
How to cite.
Vogel, J., Paton, E., and Aich, V.: Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean, Biogeosciences, 18, 5903–5927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, 2021.
Background
Millions of people in Germany suffer from chronic pain, in which course and intensity are multifactorial. Besides physical injuries, certain psychosocial risk factors are involved in the disease process. The national health care guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-specific low back pain recommend the screening of psychosocial risk factors as early as possible, to be able to adapt the therapy to patient needs (e.g., unimodal or multimodal). However, such a procedure has been difficult to implement in practice and has not yet been integrated into the rehabilitation care structures across the country.
Methods
The aim of this study is to implement an individualized therapy and aftercare program within the rehabilitation offer of the German Pension Insurance in the area of orthopedics and to examine its success and sustainability in comparison to the previous standard aftercare program.
The study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial including 1204 patients from six orthopedic rehabilitation clinics. A 2:1 allocation ratio to intervention (individualized and home-based rehabilitation aftercare) versus the control group (regular outpatient rehabilitation aftercare) is set. Upon admission to the rehabilitation clinic, participants in the intervention group will be screened according to their psychosocial risk profile. They could then receive either unimodal or multimodal, together with an individualized training program. The program is instructed in the clinic (approximately 3 weeks) and will continue independently at home afterwards for 3 months. The success of the program is examined by means of a total of four surveys. The co-primary outcomes are the Characteristic Pain Intensity and Disability Score assessed by the German version of the Chronic Pain Grade questionnaire (CPG).
Discussion
An improvement in terms of pain, work ability, patient compliance, and acceptance in our intervention program compared to the standard aftercare is expected. The study contributes to provide individualized care also to patients living far away from clinical centers.
Trial registration
DRKS, DRKS00020373. Registered on 15 April 2020
Recreational exercising and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases in German people living with HIV
(2021)
Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95% CI: 0.10–0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95% CI: 0.10–1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.
Infants show impressive speech decoding abilities and detect acoustic regularities that highlight the syntactic relations of a language, often coded via non-adjacent dependencies (NADs, e.g., is singing). It has been claimed that infants learn NADs implicitly and associatively through passive listening and that there is a shift from effortless associative learning to a more controlled learning of NADs after the age of 2 years, potentially driven by the maturation of the prefrontal cortex. To investigate if older children are able to learn NADs, Lammertink et al. (2019) recently developed a word-monitoring serial reaction time (SRT) task and could show that 6–11-year-old children learned the NADs, as their reaction times (RTs) increased then they were presented with violated NADs. In the current study we adapted their experimental paradigm and tested NAD learning in a younger group of 52 children between the age of 4–8 years in a remote, web-based, game-like setting (whack-a-mole). Children were exposed to Italian phrases containing NADs and had to monitor the occurrence of a target syllable, which was the second element of the NAD. After exposure, children did a “Stem Completion” task in which they were presented with the first element of the NAD and had to choose the second element of the NAD to complete the stimuli. Our findings show that, despite large variability in the data, children aged 4–8 years are sensitive to NADs; they show the expected differences in r RTs in the SRT task and could transfer the NAD-rule in the Stem Completion task. We discuss these results with respect to the development of NAD dependency learning in childhood and the practical impact and limitations of collecting these data in a web-based setting.
Which event happened first?
(2021)
First come, first served: Critical choices between alternative actions are often made based on events external to an organization, and reacting promptly to their occurrence can be a major advantage over the competition. In Business Process Management (BPM), such deferred choices can be expressed in process models, and they are an important aspect of process engines. Blockchain-based process execution approaches are no exception to this, but are severely limited by the inherent properties of the platform: The isolated environment prevents direct access to external entities and data, and the non-continual runtime based entirely on atomic transactions impedes the monitoring and detection of events. In this paper we provide an in-depth examination of the semantics of deferred choice, and transfer them to environments such as the blockchain. We introduce and compare several oracle architectures able to satisfy certain requirements, and show that they can be implemented using state-of-the-art blockchain technology.
Cellulose and chitin are the most abundant polymeric, organic carbon source globally. Thus, microbes degrading these polymers significantly influence global carbon cycling and greenhouse gas production. Fungi are recognized as important for cellulose decomposition in terrestrial environments, but are far less studied in marine environments, where bacterial organic matter degradation pathways tend to receive more attention. In this study, we investigated the potential of fungi to degrade kelp detritus, which is a major source of cellulose in marine systems. Given that kelp detritus can be transported considerable distances in the marine environment, we were specifically interested in the capability of endophytic fungi, which are transported with detritus, to ultimately contribute to kelp detritus degradation. We isolated 10 species and two strains of endophytic fungi from the kelp Ecklonia radiata. We then used a dye decolorization assay to assess their ability to degrade organic polymers (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) under both oxic and anoxic conditions and compared their degradation ability with common terrestrial fungi. Under oxic conditions, there was evidence that Ascomycota isolates produced cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes (associated with manganese peroxidase and sulfur-containing lignin peroxidase), while Mucoromycota isolates appeared to produce both lignin and cellulose-degrading extracellular enzymes, and all Basidiomycota isolates produced lignin-degrading enzymes (associated with laccase and lignin peroxidase). Under anoxic conditions, only three kelp endophytes degraded cellulose. We concluded that kelp fungal endophytes can contribute to cellulose degradation in both oxic and anoxic environments. Thus, endophytic kelp fungi may play a significant role in marine carbon cycling via polymeric organic matter degradation.