Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (98)
Author
- Prokoph, H. (60)
- Egberts, Kathrin (59)
- Lamanna, G. (59)
- Moulin, Emmanuel (59)
- Rudak, B. (59)
- Bordas, Pol (58)
- Fontaine, G. (58)
- Khelifi, B. (58)
- Kosack, K. (58)
- Lohse, T. (58)
- Marcowith, Alexandre (58)
- Moderski, R. (58)
- Niemiec, J. (58)
- Ohm, S. (58)
- Ostrowski, M. (58)
- Quirrenbach, A. (58)
- Reimer, A. (58)
- Renaud, M. (58)
- White, R. (58)
- Wierzcholska, A. (58)
- Zacharias, M. (58)
- Bolmont, J. (57)
- Casanova, Sabrina (57)
- Cerruti, M. (57)
- Dyks, J. (57)
- Farnier, C. (57)
- Fiasson, A. (57)
- Hermann, G. (57)
- Jacholkowska, A. (57)
- Klepser, S. (57)
- Kluzniak, W. (57)
- Maxted, N. (57)
- Oya, I. (57)
- Panter, M. (57)
- Pita, S. (57)
- Santangelo, Andrea (57)
- Schwanke, U. (57)
- Schwemmer, S. (57)
- Sol, H. (57)
- Stawarz, L. (57)
- Steenkamp, R. (57)
- Terrier, R. (57)
- Viana, A. (57)
- Vincent, P. (57)
- Zech, Alraune (57)
- Aharonian, Felix A. (56)
- Fegan, S. (56)
- Gallant, Y. A. (56)
- Glicenstein, J. F. (56)
- Hahn, J. (56)
- Heinzelmann, G. (56)
- Henri, G. (56)
- Hofmann, W. (56)
- Horns, D. (56)
- Laffon, H. (56)
- Lefaucheur, J. (56)
- Lemoine-Goumard, M. (56)
- Maurin, G. (56)
- Pelletier, G. (56)
- Peyaud, B. (56)
- Rieger, F. (56)
- Rowell, G. (56)
- Rulten, C. B. (56)
- Schlickeiser, R. (56)
- Schulz, A. (56)
- Tluczykont, M. (56)
- Trichard, C. (56)
- Vasileiadis, G. (56)
- Wagner, S. J. (56)
- Zdziarski, A. A. (56)
- de Naurois, M. (56)
- Davids, I. D. (55)
- Garrigoux, T. (55)
- Kastendieck, M. A. (55)
- Klochkov, D. (55)
- Parsons, R. D. (55)
- Pekeur, N. W. (55)
- Stegmann, Christian (55)
- Tjus, J. Becker (55)
- Giebels, B. (54)
- Jamrozy, M. (54)
- Mohamed, M. (54)
- Punch, M. (54)
- Raab, S. (54)
- Sahakian, V. (54)
- Venter, C. (54)
- Wouters, D. (54)
- Deil, C. (53)
- Fernandes, M. V. (53)
- Marandon, V. (53)
- Reimer, O. (53)
- Dutson, K. (52)
- Eger, P. (52)
- Katz, U. (52)
- Voelk, H. J. (52)
- Domainko, W. (51)
- Katarzynski, K. (51)
- Oakes, L. (51)
- Puehlhofer, G. (51)
- Willmann, P. (51)
- Akhperjanian, A. G. (50)
- Edwards, T. (50)
- Krakau, S. (50)
- Mayer, M. (50)
- Murach, T. (50)
- Wagner, P. (50)
- Foerster, A. (49)
- Jankowsky, F. (49)
- Spengler, G. (49)
- van Eldik, C. (49)
- Degrange, B. (48)
- Giavitto, G. (48)
- Grondin, M. -H. (48)
- Lenain, J. -P. (48)
- Marx, R. (48)
- Stycz, K. (48)
- Tavernet, J. -P. (48)
- de los Reyes, R. (48)
- Kolitzus, D. (47)
- Meyer, M. (47)
- Woernlein, A. (47)
- Gajdus, M. (46)
- Komin, Nu. (46)
- Lemiere, A. (46)
- Petrucci, P. -O. (46)
- Tavernier, T. (46)
- Taylor, A. M. (46)
- Fuessling, M. (45)
- Janiak, M. (45)
- Poon, H. (45)
- Romoli, C. (45)
- Bugaev, V. (44)
- Holler, M. (44)
- Stinzing, F. (44)
- Wakely, S. P. (44)
- Dubus, G. (43)
- Kaaret, P. (43)
- Krueger, P. P. (43)
- Meintjes, P. J. (43)
- Ong, R. A. (43)
- Rosier-Lees, S. (43)
- Vuillaume, T. (43)
- deWilt, P. (43)
- Benbow, W. (42)
- Fortson, L. (42)
- Gyuk, G. (42)
- Holder, J. (42)
- Krayzel, F. (42)
- Sembroski, G. H. (42)
- Williams, D. A. (42)
- Arribas, M. Paz (41)
- Ciupik, L. (41)
- Falcone, A. (41)
- Finley, J. P. (41)
- Furniss, A. (41)
- Maier, G. (41)
- Moriarty, P. (41)
- Reyes, L. C. (41)
- Reynolds, P. T. (41)
- Roache, E. (41)
- van Soelen, B. (41)
- Chalme-Calvet, R. (40)
- Chretien, M. (40)
- Dyrda, M. (40)
- Griffin, S. (40)
- Grube, J. (40)
- Hervet, O. (40)
- Kieda, D. (40)
- Ragan, K. (40)
- Wagner, R. M. (40)
- Weinstein, A. (40)
- Barnacka, Anna (39)
- Birsin, E. (39)
- Bulik, Tomasz (39)
- Conrad, Jan (39)
- Cui, W. (39)
- Quinn, J. (39)
- Becherini, Yvonne (38)
- Bernlöhr, K. (38)
- Biteau, Jonathan (38)
- Boisson, Catherine (38)
- Brun, Pierre (38)
- Buckley, J. H. (38)
- Couturier, C. (38)
- Galante, N. (38)
- Hillert, A. (38)
- Humensky, T. B. (38)
- Kertzman, M. (38)
- Kieffer, M. (38)
- Otte, A. N. (38)
- Spies, F. (38)
- Sushch, Iurii (38)
- Varlotta, A. (38)
- Abramowski, Attila (37)
- Balzer, Arnim (37)
- Beilicke, M. (37)
- Brun, Francois (37)
- Chaves, Ryan C. G. (37)
- Colafrancesco, Sergio (37)
- Cui, Y. (37)
- Grudzinska, M. (37)
- Hanna, D. (37)
- Hinton, James Anthony (37)
- McCann, A. (37)
- Mukherjee, R. (37)
- Perkins, J. S. (37)
- Spanier, F. (37)
- Yang, R. (37)
- Zabalza, V. (37)
- Cologna, Gabriele (36)
- Krennrich, F. (36)
- Menzler, U. (36)
- Odaka, H. (36)
- Park, N. (36)
- Sanchez, David M. (36)
- Vink, J. (36)
- Zitzer, B. (36)
- Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (35)
- Connolly, M. P. (35)
- Feinstein, F. (35)
- Hofverberg, P. (35)
- Hughes, G. (35)
- Lopatin, A. (35)
- McArthur, S. (35)
- Schuessler, F. (35)
- Staszak, D. (35)
- Telezhinsky, Igor O. (35)
- Valerius, K. (35)
- Aune, T. (34)
- Espigat, P. (34)
- Fernandez, D. (34)
- Gabici, S. (34)
- Haeffner, S. (34)
- Krawczynski, H. (34)
- Lang, M. J. (34)
- Mora, K. (34)
- Opitz, B. (34)
- Veh, J. (34)
- Zaborov, D. (34)
- Boettcher, Markus (33)
- Chadwick, Paula M. (33)
- Chakraborty, N. (33)
- Djannati-Ataï, A. (33)
- Donath, A. (33)
- Ivascenko, A. (33)
- Carrigan, Svenja (32)
- Errando, M. (32)
- Feng, Q. (32)
- Jahn, C. (32)
- Kaufmann, S. (32)
- Mehault, J. (32)
- Schwarzburg, S. (32)
- Vincent, S. (32)
- Volpe, F. (32)
- Gottschall, D. (31)
- Harris, J. (31)
- McComb, T. J. L. (31)
- Mitchell, A. M. W. (31)
- Nolan, S. J. (31)
- Vorster, M. (31)
- Ward, M. (31)
- Balenderan, Shangkari (30)
- Gillanders, G. H. (30)
- Smith, A. W. (30)
- Theiling, M. (30)
- Dumm, J. (29)
- Madhavan, A. S. (29)
- Majumdar, P. (29)
- Pohl, Martin (29)
- Aliu, E. (28)
- Benkhali, Faical Ait (28)
- Jung, I. (28)
- Weidinger, M. (28)
- Weitzel, Q. (28)
- Bouvier, A. (27)
- Dickinson, H. J. (27)
- Khassen, Y. (27)
- Lefranc, V. (27)
- Rob, L. (27)
- Byrum, K. (26)
- Dalton, M. (26)
- Jung-Richardt, I. (26)
- Lu, C. -C. (26)
- Salek, D. (26)
- Tyler, J. (26)
- Weekes, T. C. (26)
- Welsing, R. (26)
- Arlen, T. (25)
- Blackwell, R. (25)
- Cesarini, A. (25)
- Funk, S. (25)
- Hawkes, J. (25)
- Hoischen, Clemens (25)
- Kerszberg, D. (25)
- Lau, J. (25)
- Mariaud, C. (25)
- Perez, J. (25)
- Seyffert, A. S. (25)
- Simoni, R. (25)
- Voisin, F. (25)
- Zajczyk, A. (25)
- Zefi, F. (25)
- Gall, D. (24)
- Lopez-Coto, R. (24)
- Sasaki, M. (24)
- Tuffs, R. (24)
- Zechlin, H. -S. (24)
- Chevalier, J. (23)
- Condon, B. (23)
- Eschbach, S. (23)
- Hadasch, D. (23)
- Jankowsky, D. (23)
- Lorentz, M. (23)
- Naumann, C. L. (23)
- Popkow, A. (23)
- Raue, M. (23)
- Tibaldo, L. (23)
- Vassiliev, V. V. (23)
- Wilhelmi, E. de Ona (23)
- Ziegler, A. (23)
- Zywucka, N. (23)
- Anton, Gisela (22)
- Archambault, S. (22)
- Arrieta, M. (22)
- Bird, R. (22)
- Brucker, J. (22)
- Capasso, M. (22)
- Cheesebrough, A. (22)
- Collins-Hughes, E. (22)
- Ernenwein, J. -P. (22)
- Jingo, M. (22)
- King, J. (22)
- Niederwanger, F. (22)
- Orr, M. (22)
- Shafi, N. (22)
- Wadiasingh, Z. (22)
- Abdalla, Hassan E. (21)
- Djannati-Atai, A. (21)
- Jouvin, L. (21)
- Kneiske, T. (21)
- Kraus, M. (21)
- Liu, R. (21)
- Padovani, M. (21)
- Saxon, D. B. (21)
- Zanin, R. (21)
- Backes, M. (20)
- Backes, Michael (20)
- Balzer, A. (20)
- Boisson, C. (20)
- Bregeon, J. (20)
- Bulik, T. (20)
- Chen, A. (20)
- Colafrancesco, S. (20)
- Daniel, M. K. (20)
- Dickherber, R. (20)
- Fortin, P. (20)
- Leser, Eva (20)
- Nieto, D. (20)
- Richards, G. T. (20)
- Szostek, A. (20)
- Tesic, G. (20)
- Uchiyama, Y. (20)
- Abramowski, A. (19)
- Becherini, Y. (19)
- Benkhali, F. Ait (19)
- Berge, D. (19)
- Berger, K. (19)
- Bernhard, S. (19)
- Brun, F. (19)
- Brun, P. (19)
- Bryan, M. (19)
- Chaves, R. C. G. (19)
- Conrad, J. (19)
- Devin, J. (19)
- Duke, C. (19)
- Godambe, S. (19)
- Hinton, J. A. (19)
- Lennarz, D. (19)
- Lypova, I. (19)
- Perennes, C. (19)
- Prokhorov, D. (19)
- Sanchez, D. A. (19)
- Shilon, I. (19)
- Barnard, M. (18)
- Bissaldi, E. (18)
- Dirson, L. (18)
- Finnegan, G. (18)
- Haupt, M. (18)
- Jogler, T. (18)
- Karlsson, N. (18)
- Lees, J. -P. (18)
- Mohrmann, L. (18)
- Thibadeau, S. (18)
- Tiziani, D. (18)
- Bernloehr, K. (17)
- Bregeon, Johan (17)
- Decock, J. (17)
- Federici, Simone (17)
- Griffiths, S. T. (17)
- Reichardt, I. (17)
- Schroedter, M. (17)
- Sushch, I. (17)
- Tsurusaki, K. (17)
- Berge, David (16)
- Meagher, K. (16)
- Piel, Q. (16)
- Settimo, M. (16)
- Tucci, J. V. (16)
- Ward, J. E. (16)
- van Rensburg, C. (16)
- Aubert, P. (15)
- Behera, B. (15)
- Bernhard, Sabrina (15)
- Bryan, Mark (15)
- Cannon, A. (15)
- Takahashi, T. (15)
- Vivier, M. (15)
- van der Walt, D. J. (15)
- Bonnefoy, S. (14)
- Bradbury, S. M. (14)
- Carosi, A. (14)
- Carr, J. (14)
- Chen, Xuhui (14)
- Goyal, A. (14)
- Johnson, C. A. (14)
- Khangulyan, D. (14)
- Millis, J. (14)
- Oettl, S. (14)
- Rose, H. J. (14)
- Shahinyan, K. (14)
- Acero, F. (13)
- Arakawa, M. (13)
- Cologna, G. (13)
- Fleischhack, H. (13)
- Huan, H. (13)
- Iwasaki, H. (13)
- Katsuragawa, M. (13)
- Nakashima, S. (13)
- Pichel, A. (13)
- Rajotte, J. (13)
- Saito, S. (13)
- Schussler, F. (13)
- Seglar-Arroyo, M. (13)
- Sheidaei, F. (13)
- Skole, C. (13)
- Tsuji, N. (13)
- Wilhelm, Alina (13)
- Andersson, T. (12)
- Weisgarber, T. (12)
- Anguener, E. O. (11)
- Boettcher, M. (11)
- Buechele, M. (11)
- Cardenzana, J. V. (11)
- Nedbal, D. (11)
- Ruppel, J. (11)
- Eisch, J. D. (10)
- Gast, H. (10)
- Hague, J. D. (10)
- Holler, Markus (10)
- Hui, C. M. (10)
- Kruger, P. P. (10)
- Medina, M. C. (10)
- Nelson, T. (10)
- Pandel, D. (10)
- Paneque, D. (10)
- Barrio, J. A. (9)
- Bottcher, M. (9)
- Contreras, J. L. (9)
- Dazzi, F. (9)
- De Lotto, B. (9)
- Font, L. (9)
- Kar, P. (9)
- Komin, Nu (9)
- Lombardi, S. (9)
- Persic, M. (9)
- Pohl, M. (9)
- Rauth, R. (9)
- Sentuerk, G. D. (9)
- Sillanpaa, A. (9)
- Teshima, M. (9)
- Antonelli, L. A. (8)
- Archer, A. (8)
- Biland, A. (8)
- Bonnoli, G. (8)
- Doro, M. (8)
- Federici, S. (8)
- Garczarczyk, M. (8)
- Goering, D. (8)
- Holch, T. L. (8)
- Hrupec, D. (8)
- Kumar, S. (8)
- Lee, K. (8)
- Lindfors, E. (8)
- Lopez, M. (8)
- Malyshev, D. (8)
- Maneva, G. (8)
- Martinez, M. (8)
- Naumann-Godo, M. (8)
- Orito, R. (8)
- Prandini, E. (8)
- Pueschel, Elisa (8)
- Rico, J. (8)
- Ripken, J. (8)
- Temnikov, P. (8)
- Vorobiov, S. (8)
- Zorn, J. (8)
- de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain (8)
- Bednarek, W. (7)
- Caroff, S. (7)
- Carr, John (7)
- Chen, Andrew (7)
- Colin, P. (7)
- Cortina, J. (7)
- Covino, S. (7)
- De Angelis, A. (7)
- Dorner, D. (7)
- Drury, L. O'C. (7)
- Dwarkadas, Vikram V. (7)
- Elsaesser, D. (7)
- Emery, G. (7)
- Gate, F. (7)
- Gaug, M. (7)
- Glawion, D. (7)
- Guenette, R. (7)
- Hakansson, Nils (7)
- Kossakowski, R. (7)
- Kushida, J. (7)
- Mannheim, K. (7)
- Mariotti, M. (7)
- Mazin, D. (7)
- Mirzoyan, R. (7)
- Moralejo, A. (7)
- Ndiyavala, H. (7)
- Paoletti, R. (7)
- Paredes, J. M. (7)
- Puljak, I. (7)
- Reimer, Olaf (7)
- Rhode, W. (7)
- Ribo, M. (7)
- Rinchiuso, L. (7)
- Satalecka, K. (7)
- Schweizer, T. (7)
- Shiningayamwe, K. (7)
- Sitarek, J. (7)
- Spir-Jacob, M. (7)
- Stamerra, A. (7)
- Steppa, Constantin Beverly (7)
- Tescaro, D. (7)
- Torres, D. F. (7)
- Tsirou, M. (7)
- van der Walt, J. (7)
- Antoranz, P. (6)
- Bernardini, E. (6)
- Blanch Bigas, O. (6)
- Bretz, T. (6)
- Böttcher, Markus (6)
- Carmona, E. (6)
- Coffaro, M. (6)
- Colombo, E. (6)
- Einecke, S. (6)
- Fallon, L. (6)
- Fonseca, M. V. (6)
- Fruck, C. (6)
- Fukui, Y. (6)
- Glueck, B. (6)
- Godinovic, N. (6)
- Hampf, D. (6)
- Hayashida, M. (6)
- Heinz, S. (6)
- Hose, J. (6)
- Katz, Uli (6)
- La Barbera, A. (6)
- Lelas, D. (6)
- Lopez-Oramas, A. (6)
- Lorenz, E. (6)
- Maraschi, L. (6)
- Masbou, J. (6)
- Miranda, J. M. (6)
- Moroni, P. G. Prada (6)
- Nguyen, N. (6)
- Nilsson, K. (6)
- Nishijima, K. (6)
- Petrucci, P-O (6)
- Prester, Dijana Dominis (6)
- Richter, S. (6)
- Saito, K. (6)
- Saito, T. (6)
- Scapin, V. (6)
- Schultz, C. (6)
- Shore, S. N. (6)
- Skilton, J. L. (6)
- Sobczynska, D. (6)
- Takalo, L. (6)
- Tavecchio, F. (6)
- Tornikoski, M. (6)
- Wood, M. (6)
- van Eldik, Christopher (6)
- Acciari, V. A. (5)
- Aleksic, J. (5)
- Babic, A. (5)
- Bochow, A. (5)
- Buson, S. (5)
- Christiansen, J. L. (5)
- Decerprit, G. (5)
- Di Pierro, F. (5)
- Doert, M. (5)
- Giordano, F. (5)
- Horan, D. (5)
- Katarzynski, Krzysztof (5)
- Konno, Y. (5)
- Krause, J. (5)
- Kubo, H. (5)
- Lahteenmaki, A. (5)
- LeBohec, S. (5)
- Longo, F. (5)
- Lu, C-C. (5)
- Makariev, M. (5)
- Mayer, Michael (5)
- Nakajima, D. (5)
- Niedzwiecki, A. (5)
- Paiano, S. (5)
- Pohl, Manuela (5)
- Poireau, V. (5)
- Reinthal, R. (5)
- Rousselle, J. (5)
- Rovero, A. C. (5)
- Santander, M. (5)
- Scalzotto, V. (5)
- Spiess, F. (5)
- Tavernet, J-P (5)
- Terzic, T. (5)
- Tibolla, O. (5)
- Treves, A. (5)
- de Almeida, U. Barres (5)
- dewilt, P. (5)
- Ajello, M. (4)
- Ansoldi, S. (4)
- Aubert, Pierre (4)
- Bangale, P. (4)
- Barnard, Michelle (4)
- Bastieri, D. (4)
- Becerra Gonzalez, J. (4)
- Borracci, F. (4)
- Caraveo, P. A. (4)
- Chen, W. P. (4)
- Chen, X. (4)
- Chiang, J. (4)
- Cohen-Tanugi, J. (4)
- Da Vela, P. (4)
- Dominguez, A. (4)
- Ferenc, D. (4)
- Forster, A. (4)
- Fumagalli, M. (4)
- Fussling, Matthias (4)
- Gerard, L. (4)
- Giglietto, N. (4)
- Giroletti, M. (4)
- Gonzalez, J. Becerra (4)
- Goya, A. (4)
- Grondin, M-H. (4)
- Hassan, T. (4)
- Herrero, A. (4)
- Hildebrand, D. (4)
- Imran, A. (4)
- Jamrozy, Marek (4)
- Kovalev, Y. Y. (4)
- Kurtanidze, O. M. (4)
- Larionov, V. M. (4)
- Lenain, J-P (4)
- Lenain, J-P. (4)
- Lui, R. (4)
- Lyutikov, M. (4)
- Mankuzhiyil, N. (4)
- Menzel, U. (4)
- Meucci, M. (4)
- Mizuno, T. (4)
- Munar-Adrover, P. (4)
- Nikolashvili, M. G. (4)
- Noda, K. (4)
- Paredes-Fortuny, X. (4)
- Pelassa, V. (4)
- Perri, M. (4)
- Petrucci, P-O. (4)
- Ratliff, G. (4)
- Safi-Harb, S. (4)
- Saggion, A. (4)
- Shayduk, M. (4)
- Storz, J. (4)
- Suric, T. (4)
- Takami, H. (4)
- Tavernet, J-P. (4)
- Villata, M. (4)
- Vogler, P. (4)
- Weiner, O. M. (4)
- de Ona Wilhelmi, E. (4)
- de Wilt, P. (4)
- Aller, H. D. (3)
- Aller, M. F. (3)
- Armand, C. (3)
- Biasuzzi, B. (3)
- Bock, R. K. (3)
- Boller, A. (3)
- Bonardi, A. (3)
- Braun, I. (3)
- Buehler, R. (3)
- Busetto, G. (3)
- C. (3)
- Cameron, R. A. (3)
- Capalbi, M. (3)
- Carosi, R. (3)
- Cheung, C. C. (3)
- Chudoba, J. (3)
- Ciprini, S. (3)
- Conforti, V. (3)
- Connaughton, V. (3)
- Cotter, G. (3)
- De Caneva, G. (3)
- Delgado Mendez, C. (3)
- Drury, L. O&rsquo (3)
- Ebr, J. (3)
- Ernenwein, J-P (3)
- Fesquet, M. (3)
- Frantzen, K. (3)
- Fuhrmann, L. (3)
- Füßling, Matthias (3)
- Galindo, D. (3)
- Garcia Lopez, R. J. (3)
- Garcia, J. Rodriguez (3)
- Gargano, F. (3)
- Garrido, D. (3)
- Giuliani, A. (3)
- Gonzalez Munoz, A. (3)
- Gotthelf, E. V. (3)
- Grondin, M-H (3)
- Gurwell, M. A. (3)
- Hadsch, D. (3)
- Herrera, J. (3)
- Idec, W. (3)
- Jordan, B. (3)
- Jorstad, S. G. (3)
- Katagiri, H. (3)
- Kataoka, J. (3)
- Kellermann, H. (3)
- Kocot, J. (3)
- Kodani, K. (3)
- Komin, N. (3)
- Koptelova, E. (3)
- Kraehenbuehl, T. (3)
- Krause, M. (3)
- Kurtanidze, S. O. (3)
- Lande, J. (3)
- Lewandowska, N. (3)
- Lister, M. L. (3)
- Lopez, R. de los Reyes (3)
- Lu, C-C (3)
- Lucarelli, F. (3)
- Maccarone, M. C. (3)
- Madejski, G. M. (3)
- Malaguti, G. (3)
- Mallot, K. (3)
- Mandat, D. (3)
- Marcote, B. (3)
- Max-Moerbeck, W. (3)
- Mazziotta, Mario Nicola (3)
- Mirabal, N. (3)
- Mitche, A. M. W. (3)
- Morozova, D. A. (3)
- Morselli, A. (3)
- Neustroev, V. (3)
- Nosek, D. (3)
- Nunez, P. D. (3)
- Ohishi, M. (3)
- Okumura, A. (3)
- Otte, N. (3)
- Overkemping, A. (3)
- Palacio, J. (3)
- Palatiello, M. (3)
- Palatka, M. (3)
- Partini, S. (3)
- Pedaletti, G. (3)
- Prada, F. (3)
- Prokhorov, D. A. (3)
- Prouza, M. (3)
- Punch, Michael (3)
- Pushkarev, A. B. (3)
- Raino, S. (3)
- Raiteri, C. M. (3)
- Reyes, R. de Los (3)
- Reyes, R. de los (3)
- Romano, Patrizia (3)
- Ruegamer, S. (3)
- Sadun, A. C. (3)
- Salvati, M. (3)
- Sano, H. (3)
- Schovanek, P. (3)
- Sigua, L. A. (3)
- Smith, P. S. (3)
- Snidaric, I. (3)
- Stamatescu, V. (3)
- Steinbring, T. (3)
- Steinke, B. (3)
- Strzys, M. (3)
- Sun, S. (3)
- Szanecki, M. (3)
- Szepieniec, T. (3)
- Takahashi, H. (3)
- Tejedor, L. A. (3)
- Thaele, J. (3)
- Tosti, G. (3)
- Toyama, T. (3)
- Travnicek, P. (3)
- Troitsky, I. S. (3)
- Vallania, P. (3)
- Van Eldik, C. (3)
- Vankov, H. (3)
- Wagner, R. G. (3)
- Wornlein, A. (3)
- Yamamoto, H. (3)
- Yoshiike, S. (3)
- Yoshikoshi, T. (3)
- Zandanel, F. (3)
- Zechlin, H-S (3)
- Zechlin, H-S. (3)
- Acharya, B. S. (2)
- Ackermann, Margit (2)
- Ahnen, M. L. (2)
- Allafort, A. J. (2)
- Angelakis, E. (2)
- Anguner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (2)
- Aramo, C. (2)
- Armstrong, T. (2)
- Baldini, L. (2)
- Bamba, A. (2)
- Banerjee, B. (2)
- Baring, M. G. (2)
- Baushev, Anton N. (2)
- Bechtol, K. C. (2)
- Bellazzini, R. (2)
- Berdyugin, A. (2)
- Bernlohr, K. (2)
- Bigongiari, C. (2)
- Blanch, O. (2)
- Blasi, P. (2)
- Bonanno, G. (2)
- Borgland, A. W. (2)
- Brau-Nogue, S. (2)
- Buchovecky, M. (2)
- Bulgarelli, A. (2)
- Caliandro, G. A. (2)
- Carrigan, S. (2)
- Casandjian, J. M. (2)
- Cavazzuti, E. (2)
- Charles, E. (2)
- Chatterjee, A. (2)
- Chen, Xiaoming (2)
- Chikawa, M. (2)
- Cillis, A. N. (2)
- Clapson, A. C. (2)
- Claus, R. (2)
- Collaboration, H. E. S. S. (2)
- Coppi, P. (2)
- Cossio, L. (2)
- Cui, Wei (2)
- Cumani, P. (2)
- Cusumano, G. (2)
- Cutini, S. (2)
- Daniel, M. (2)
- De Franco, A. (2)
- De Frondat, F. (2)
- De Los Reyes, R. (2)
- De Palma, F. (2)
- Dei, C. (2)
- Delgado, C. (2)
- Dermer, C. D. (2)
- Dewilt, P. (2)
- Di Girolamo, T. (2)
- Di Giulio, C. (2)
- Di Venere, L. (2)
- Diaz, C. (2)
- Dicldnson, H. J. (2)
- Drell, P. S. (2)
- Dubois, R. (2)
- Dumas, D. (2)
- Efimova, N. V. (2)
- Eisenacher, D. (2)
- Fasola, G. (2)
- Favuzzi, C. (2)
- Fegan, S. J. (2)
- Fernandes, M. (2)
- Fernandez, G. Rodriguez (2)
- Fernandez-Barral, A. (2)
- Fidalgo, D. (2)
- Finke, J. (2)
- Franckowiak, A. (2)
- Fuessling, Matthias (2)
- Fukazawa, Y. (2)
- Fusco, P. (2)
- Gadola, A. (2)
- Garcia, B. (2)
- Garrido Terrats, D. (2)
- Gasparrini, D. (2)
- Giammaria, P. (2)
- Giommi, P. (2)
- Glanzman, T. (2)
- Gonzalez, M. M. (2)
- Gottschal, D. (2)
- Gozzini, S. R. (2)
- Grabarczyk, T. (2)
- Graciani, R. (2)
- Grandi, P. (2)
- Grenier, I. A. (2)
- Griffiths, S. (2)
- Guberman, D. (2)
- Guillemot, L. (2)
- Guiriec, S. (2)
- Gunji, S. (2)
- Hakansson, N. (2)
- Hanabata, Y. (2)
- Hara, S. (2)
- Hauser, M. (2)
- Hayakawa, T. (2)
- Hinton, J. (2)
- Hoehne-Moench, D. (2)
- Holch, Tim Lukas (2)
- Hovatta, T. (2)
- Hrabovsky, M. (2)
- Huber, B. (2)
- Huetten, M. (2)
- Hughes, Z. (2)
- Huovelin, J. (2)
- Inoue, S. (2)
- Inoue, Y. (2)
- Ioka, K. (2)
- Janecek, P. (2)
- Jung-Richardt, I (2)
- Kadenius, V. (2)
- Kadler, M. (2)
- Kaplan, K. (2)
- Kargaltsev, O. (2)
- Kelley-Hoskins, N. (2)
- Kimeridze, G. N. (2)
- Knoedlseder, J. (2)
- Knoetig, M. L. (2)
- Kohri, K. (2)
- Konstantinova, T. S. (2)
- Kopatskaya, E. N. (2)
- Kovalev, Yu. A. (2)
- Koyama, S. (2)
- Krichbaum, T. P. (2)
- Kuss, M. (2)
- La Palombara, N. (2)
- Lapington, J. (2)
- Laporte, P. (2)
- Larionova, E. G. (2)
- Latronico, L. (2)
- Lee, S. -H. (2)
- Lee, W. H. (2)
- Leonardo, E. (2)
- Leser, E. (2)
- Leto, Paolo (2)
- Lin, H. C. (2)
- Loparco, F. (2)
- Lopez, R. Garcia (2)
- Lopez, R. J. Garcia (2)
- Lozano, I. (2)
- Lubrano, P. (2)
- Lypova, I (2)
- Madhavan, A. (2)
- Manganaro, M. (2)
- Marandon, V (2)
- Marscher, A. P. (2)
- Marti, J. (2)
- Martinez, G. (2)
- Mayer, Markus (2)
- McCutcheon, M. (2)
- McEnery, J. E. (2)
- Mendez, C. Delgado (2)
- Meyer, Manuel (2)
- Michelson, P. F. (2)
- Mineo, T. (2)
- Miyamoto, H. (2)
- Moldon, J. (2)
- Montaruli, T. (2)
- Monzani, M. E. (2)
- Moody, J. W. (2)
- Mori, K. (2)
- Muraishi, H. (2)
- Murgia, S. (2)
- Naito, T. (2)
- Nakamori, T. (2)
- Nekrassov, D. (2)
- Nieppola, E. (2)
- Nieto, Daniel (2)
- Nogues, L. (2)
- Nowak, N. (2)
- Nuss, E. (2)
- Ohsugi, T. (2)
- Okuda, T. (2)
- Orlati, A. (2)
- Ormes, J. F. (2)
- Oya, I (2)
- Padovani, Marco (2)
- Pareschi, G. (2)
- Pasanen, M. (2)
- Pauss, F. (2)
- Pech, M. (2)
- Pelat, D. (2)
- Perez-Torres, M. A. (2)
- Petry, D. (2)
- Piron, F. (2)
- Pochon, J. (2)
- Poireau, V (2)
- Poutanen, J. (2)
- Prast, J. (2)
- Prochaska, J. X. (2)
- Puelhofer, G. (2)
- Puhlhofer, G. (2)
- Rando, R. (2)
- Razzano, M. (2)
- Readhead, A. (2)
- Richards, J. L. (2)
- Ritz, S. (2)
- Roberts, M. (2)
- Rulten, C. (2)
- Sahakian, V (2)
- Saito, T. Y. (2)
- Sakaki, N. (2)
- Sakamoto, T. (2)
- Sanchez, D. (2)
- Sanchez-Conde, M. (2)
- Sarkar, S. (2)
- Sawada, M. (2)
- Schandri, M. (2)
- Schuessler, Fabian (2)
- Senturk, G. D. (2)
- Sgro, C. (2)
- Shellard, R. C. (2)
- Shilon, I (2)
- Siejkowski, H. (2)
- Siskind, E. J. (2)
- Slane, P. (2)
- Spinelli, P. (2)
- Spiro, S. (2)
- Starling, R. (2)
- Stefanik, S. (2)
- Stegmann, Christian Michael (2)
- Stolarczyk, T. (2)
- Strah, N. (2)
- Swordy, S. P. (2)
- Tagliaferri, G. (2)
- Tajima, H. (2)
- Tammi, J. (2)
- Tanaka, M. (2)
- Tanaka, S. (2)
- Terada, Y. (2)
- Testa, V. (2)
- Tokanai, F. (2)
- Torii, K. (2)
- Tovmassian, G. (2)
- Tridon, D. Borla (2)
- Trifoglio, M. (2)
- Uellenbeck, M. (2)
- Van Soelen, B. (2)
- Vassiliev, V. (2)
- Venters, C. (2)
- Vercellone, S. (2)
- Vergani, S. (2)
- Vialle, J. P. (2)
- Vigorito, C. (2)
- Volk, H. J. (2)
- Vovk, I. (2)
- Wagner, R. (2)
- Walker, R. C. (2)
- Walter, R. (2)
- Wehrle, A. E. (2)
- Werner, M. (2)
- Will, M. (2)
- Wischnewski, R. (2)
- Wojcik, P. (2)
- Yamamoto, T. (2)
- Yanagita, S. (2)
- Yoshida, T. (2)
- Zdziarski, A. (2)
- Zensus, J. A. (2)
- de Angelis, A. (2)
- de Palma, F. (2)
- de la Calle, I. (2)
- van Driel, W. (2)
- Abdalla, H. (1)
- Abdo, A. A. (1)
- Abeysekara, A. U. (1)
- Acosta, M. Vazquez (1)
- Actis, M. (1)
- Aghajani, T. (1)
- Agnetta, G. (1)
- Aguilar, J. (1)
- Albert, A. (1)
- Albuquerque, I. F. M. (1)
- Alcubierre, M. (1)
- Alfaro, R. (1)
- Allan, D. (1)
- Allekotte, I. (1)
- Aloisio, R. (1)
- Amans, J. (1)
- Amato, E. (1)
- Amato, Elena (1)
- Anderson, J. (1)
- Anguenee, E. O. (1)
- Anguener, O. (1)
- Anibas, M. Paz (1)
- Aravantinos, A. (1)
- Araya, M. (1)
- Arcaro, C. (1)
- Arkharov, A. A. (1)
- Arnaldi, H. (1)
- Arqueros, F. (1)
- Arrabito, L. (1)
- Asano, K. (1)
- Asano, Katsuaki (1)
- Ashley, M. (1)
- Ashton, T. (1)
- Asorey, H. G. (1)
- Awane, Y. (1)
- Awilhelmi, E. de Ona (1)
- Baba, H. (1)
- Babie, A. (1)
- Baby, N. (1)
- Bachev, R. (1)
- Baehr, J. (1)
- Bais, A. (1)
- Baixeras, C. (1)
- Bajtlik, S. (1)
- Balazs, C. (1)
- Balbo, M. (1)
- Balis, D. (1)
- Balkowski, C. (1)
- Ballet, J. (1)
- Bamba, Aya (1)
- Bandiera, R. (1)
- Barber, A. (1)
- Barbiellini, G. (1)
- Barbier, C. (1)
- Barcelo, M. (1)
- Barkov, Maxim (1)
- Barnstedt, Jürgen (1)
- Barres de Almeida, U. (1)
- Basili, A. (1)
- Basso, S. (1)
- Bauer, C. (1)
- Becker, J. (1)
- Becker-Tjus, J. (1)
- Beckmann, Volker (1)
- Belluso, M. (1)
- Benbow, Wystan (1)
- Benkhali, Faiçal Ait (1)
- Berdugo, J. (1)
- Berenji, B. (1)
- Bernard, F. (1)
- Bernardino, T. (1)
- Bernlorhr, K. (1)
- Berti, A. (1)
- Beshley, V. (1)
- Bhat, N. (1)
- Bhattacharyya, S. (1)
- Bilchele, M. (1)
- Bilinsky, A. (1)
- Billotta, S. (1)
- Bird, T. (1)
- Bissaldi, Elisabetta (1)
- Biteau, J. (1)
- Bitossi, M. (1)
- Blake, S. (1)
- Blandford, R. D. (1)
- Blazek, J. (1)
- Blinov, D. A. (1)
- Bloom, E. D. (1)
- Bobkov, A. A. (1)
- Boccone, V. (1)
- Bogacz, L. (1)
- Bogart, J. (1)
- Bogdan, M. (1)
- Boggs, S. (1)
- Bohacova, M. (1)
- Boix Gargallo, J. (1)
- Boltuch, D. (1)
- Bonamente, E. (1)
- Bonavolonta, C. (1)
- Bonev, T. (1)
- Bonifacio, P. (1)
- Borkowski, Janett (1)
- Bosch-Ramon, Valentin (1)
- Bose, D. (1)
- Bose, R. (1)
- Botner, O. (1)
- Bottani, A. (1)
- Bottcher, Markus (1)
- Bouchet, L. (1)
- Bourgeat, M. (1)
- Boutonnet, C. (1)
- Braiding, C. (1)
- Brandt, T. J. (1)
- Brez, A. (1)
- Briggs, M. S. (1)
- Brigida, M. (1)
- Bringmann, T. (1)
- Brook, P. (1)
- Brown, A. (1)
- Brown, A. M. (1)
- Bruel, P. (1)
- Brunetti, L. (1)
- Btichele, M. (1)
- Buanes, T. (1)
- Buemi, C. S. (1)
- Buesching, I. (1)
- Burton, M. (1)
- Burton, Michael (1)
- Burtovoi, A. (1)
- Cailles, M. (1)
- Calcidese, P. (1)
- Calome, J. (1)
- Camara, M. (1)
- Cameron, R. (1)
- Camprecios, J. (1)
- Canellas, A. (1)
- Canestrari, R. (1)
- Cantu, S. (1)
- Caproni, Anderson (1)
- Cara, M. (1)
- Caraveo, P. (1)
- Carraminana, A. (1)
- Carrasco, L. (1)
- Carton, P. H. (1)
- Casadio, C. (1)
- Cascone, E. (1)
- Casiraghi, M. (1)
- Cassaro, P. (1)
- Catalano, O. (1)
- Cavazzani, S. (1)
- Cazaux, S. (1)
- Cecchi, C. (1)
- Celik, O. (1)
- Chabanne, E. (1)
- Chadwick, P. M. (1)
- Champion, C. (1)
- Charbonnier, A. (1)
- Chatraborty, N. (1)
- Chaty, Sylvain (1)
- Chekhtman, A. (1)
- Chen, W. (1)
- Chernyakova, M. (1)
- Chiappetti, L. (1)
- Chitnis, V. R. (1)
- Chollet, F. (1)
- Christensen, F. (1)
- Cieslar, M. (1)
- Clavero, R. (1)
- Coignet, G. (1)
- Colonges, S. (1)
- Compin, M. (1)
- Conconi, P. (1)
- Corona, P. (1)
- Corti, D. (1)
- Costa, A. (1)
- Costantini, H. (1)
- Courty, B. (1)
- Couturier, S. (1)
- Covino, Stefano (1)
- Covone, G. (1)
- Craig, W. (1)
- Crimi, G. (1)
- Criswell, S. J. (1)
- Croston, J. (1)
- Dafonseca, M. (1)
- Dal Pino, E. M. de Gouveia (1)
- Dale, O. (1)
- Damljanovic, G. (1)
- Daniel, Michael K. (1)
- Darling, J. (1)
- Davids, I. (1)
- Davies, F. (1)
- De Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain (1)
- De Caprio, V. (1)
- De Cea del Pozo, E. (1)
- De Cesare, G. (1)
- De La Vega, G. A. (1)
- De Lisio, C. (1)
- De Luca, A. (1)
- De Maria, M. (1)
- De Naurois, M. (1)
- De Sabata, F. (1)
- Decock, G. (1)
- Deil, Christoph (1)
- Del Santo, M. (1)
- Delagnes, E. (1)
- Deleglise, G. (1)
- Della Volpe, D. (1)
- Demange, P. (1)
- Depaola, G. (1)
- Dettlaff, A. (1)
- Di Paola, A. (1)
- Diago Ortega, A. (1)
- Dick, J. (1)
- Dickinson, H. (1)
- Diez-Blanco, V. (1)
- Digel, S. (1)
- Digel, S. W. (1)
- Dimitrov, D. (1)
- Disset, G. (1)
- Djannati-Ata, A. (1)
- Djannati-Atai, Arache (1)
- Djannati-Ataie, A. (1)
- Dohmke, M. (1)
- Doi, A. (1)
- Domainko, Wilfried (1)
- Donat, A. (1)
- Donath, Axel (1)
- Dournaux, J-L. (1)
- Dournaux, J. (1)
- Dournaux, J. -L. (1)
- Drake, G. (1)
- Dravins, D. (1)
- Drury, L. (1)
- Dubois, F. (1)
- Dubus, Guillaume (1)
- Dufour, C. (1)
- Dumora, D. (1)
- Durand, D. (1)
- Dutson, Kate (1)
- Edwards, P. G. (1)
- Edy, E. (1)
- Eisenacher Glawion, D. (1)
- Eleftheriadis, C. (1)
- Elles, S. (1)
- Emmanoulopoulos, D. (1)
- Engelhaupt, D. (1)
- Engelkemeier, M. (1)
- Enokiya, R. (1)
- Enomoto, R. (1)
- Er, M. Kie Ff (1)
- Ernenwein, J-P. (1)
- Errando, Manel (1)
- Ert, Ff (1)
- Eswaraiah, C. (1)
- Etchegoyen, A. (1)
- Evans, P. (1)
- Falceta-Goncalves, D. (1)
- Fantinel, D. (1)
- Faolain (1)
- Farakos, K. (1)
- Farina, E. (1)
- Favill, B. (1)
- Fede, E. (1)
- Fedorova, E. (1)
- Fegan, Stuart (1)
- Fernandesl, M. V. (1)
- Fernandez-Barra, A. (1)
- Ferrand, Gilles (1)
- Ferrando, P. (1)
- Ferrara, E. C. (1)
- Ferrer, F. (1)
- Fiandrini, E. (1)
- Fiaon, A. (1)
- Fidalgo, D. Carreto (1)
- Filipovic, Miroslav D. (1)
- Fillin-Martino, E. (1)
- Fink, D. (1)
- Finley, C. (1)
- Fioretti, V. (1)
- Fiorini, M. (1)
- Firpo Curcoll, R. (1)
- Flinders, A. (1)
- Flores, H. (1)
- Florin, D. (1)
- Focke, W. (1)
- Focke, W. B. (1)
- Foehr, C. (1)
- Foester, A. (1)
- Fokitis, E. (1)
- Fontaine, Gilles (1)
- Fornasa, M. (1)
- Fouque, N. (1)
- Frailis, M. (1)
- Franco, F. J. (1)
- Fransson, C. (1)
- Fraser, G. (1)
- Frei, R. (1)
- Freixas Coromina, L. (1)
- Fresnillo, L. (1)
- Ftifiling, M. (1)
- Fujita, Y. (1)
- Fujita, Yutaka (1)
- Fukuda, T. (1)
- Fukuyama, T. (1)
- Fuling, M. (1)
- Füssling, Matthias (1)
- Gabici, Stefano (1)
- Gabriele, R. (1)
- Gaebele, W. (1)
- Gallant, Y. (1)
- Gamez-Garcia, J. (1)
- Garcia Lopez, R. (1)
- Garcia, J. R. (1)
- Gardiol, D. (1)
- Garrido, L. (1)
- Gascon, D. (1)
- Gaweda, J. (1)
- Gebremedhin, L. (1)
- Geffroy, N. (1)
- Gehrels, N. (1)
- Gerbig, D. (1)
- Germani, S. (1)
- Ghedina, A. (1)
- Ghigo, M. (1)
- Giannakaki, E. (1)
- Gianotti, F. (1)
- Giarrusso, S. (1)
- Giavitto, Gianluca (1)
- Gibbs, K. (1)
- Gika, V. (1)
- Giovannini, G. (1)
- Girard, N. (1)
- Giro, E. (1)
- Glawion, D. Eisenacher (1)
- Glicenstein, J. (1)
- Glicenstein, J. -F. (1)
- Gnatyk, R. (1)
- Godfrey, G. (1)
- Godinovi, N. (1)
- Godinovie, N. (1)
- Goeing, D. (1)
- Goldoni, P. (1)
- Golev, V. (1)
- Gomez Berisso, M. (1)
- Gomez-Ortega, J. (1)
- Gonzalez, A. (1)
- Gonzalez, F. (1)
- Gora, D. (1)
- Goret, P. (1)
- Gothe, K. S. (1)
- Gottschall, Daniel (1)
- Goudelis, A. (1)
- Gougerot, M. (1)
- Graham, J. (1)
- Granena, F. (1)
- Granot, J. (1)
- Granot, Jonathan (1)
- Grasseau, G. (1)
- Gredig, R. (1)
- Green, A. (1)
- Green, A. J. (1)
- Greenshaw, T. (1)
- Gregoire, T. (1)
- Grimm, O. (1)
- Gruenewald, S. (1)
- Gruev, V. (1)
- Grygorczuk, J. (1)
- Guarino, V. (1)
- Guver, T. (1)
- Hada, K. (1)
- Hadamek, A. (1)
- Hadasch, Daniela (1)
- Haefner, D. (1)
- Hagiwara, R. (1)
- Hahn, A. (1)
- Hailey, C. (1)
- Hakobyan, H. (1)
- Hallgren, A. (1)
- Halpern, J. P. (1)
- Hamer Heras, N. (1)
- Hardcastle, M. J. (1)
- Hardee, P. (1)
- Harisson, F. (1)
- Harris, D. E. (1)
- Hatanaka, K. (1)
- Haubold, T. (1)
- Haupt, A. (1)
- Hawkins, K. (1)
- Hays, E. (1)
- Heller, M. (1)
- Heller, R. (1)
- Helo, J. C. (1)
- Henault, F. (1)
- Henri, Gilles (1)
- Hermel, R. (1)
- Hervet, Olivier (1)
- Hidaka, N. (1)
- Hivick, B. (1)
- Hnatyk, B. (1)
- Hoerandel, J. (1)
- Hoffmann, A. (1)
- Hoffmann, D. (1)
- Hofmann, Werner (1)
- Holler, Maraike (1)
- Holler, Margitte (1)
- Horandel, J. (1)
- Horns, Dieter (1)
- Horville, D. (1)
- Houles, J. (1)
- Hsiao, H. Y. (1)
- Huang, D. (1)
- Huet, J. (1)
- Huet, J. -M. (1)
- Hughes, J. P. (1)
- Hughes, R. E. (1)
- Hussein, M. (1)
- Hütten, M. (1)
- Ibarra, A. (1)
- Ibryamov, S. I. (1)
- Ikeno, Y. (1)
- Illa, J. M. (1)
- Impiombato, D. (1)
- Inada, T. (1)
- Incorvaia, S. (1)
- Inome, Y. (1)
- Inoue, T. (1)
- Iori, Maurizio (1)
- Ishio, K. (1)
- Ismailova, E. (1)
- Ivascenko, Alex (1)
- Jablonski, C. (1)
- Jackson, D. J. (1)
- Jacquemier, J. (1)
- Jadhav, J. (1)
- Jankowsky, Felix (1)
- Jarvela, E. (1)
- Jean, P. (1)
- Jeanney, C. (1)
- Jimenez, J. J. (1)
- Jogler, Tobias (1)
- Johannesson, G. (1)
- Johnson, A. S. (1)
- Johnson, T. (1)
- Johnson, W. N. (1)
- Joner, M. D. (1)
- Joshi, M. (1)
- Journet, L. (1)
- Jouvin, Lea (1)
- Juffroy, C. (1)
- Jung-Richardt, Ira (1)
- Jung-Richardt, O. (1)
- Junor, W. (1)
- Kaaret, P. E. (1)
- Kabuki, S. (1)
- Kaercher, K. (1)
- Kagaya, M. (1)
- Kakuwa, J. (1)
- Kalkuhl, C. (1)
- Kamae, T. (1)
- Kankanyan, R. (1)
- Kansson, N. H. A. (1)
- Karamanavis, V. (1)
- Karastergiou, A. (1)
- Karczewski, M. (1)
- Kargaltsev, Oleg (1)
- Karkar, S. (1)
- Kasperek, Aci. (1)
- Kastana, D. (1)
- Kastendieckl, M. A. (1)
- Katarzyfiski, K. (1)
- Katsuta, J. (1)
- Kawanaka, N. (1)
- Kellner-Leidel, B. (1)
- Kelly, H. (1)
- Kendziorra, E. (1)
- Keogh, D. (1)
- Kieda, D. B. (1)
- Kiefeer, M. (1)
- Kifune, T. (1)
- Kihm, T. (1)
- Kimeridze, G. (1)
- Kimeswenger, S. (1)
- Kimura, Shigeo S. (1)
- Kino, M. (1)
- Kishimoto, T. (1)
- Kitamoto, K. (1)
- Klochkov, Dmitry (1)
- Kluiniak, W. (1)
- Knapic, C. (1)
- Knapp, J. w (1)
- Kneiske, Tanja (1)
- Knodlseder, J. (1)
- Koch, B. (1)
- Koeck, F. (1)
- Koehne, J. -H. (1)
- Koeppel, H. (1)
- Kokkotas, K. (1)
- Komin, Nukri (1)
- Kominis, I. (1)
- Kondratiev, V. (1)
- Konopelko, A. (1)
- Korohoda, P. (1)
- Koss, G. (1)
- Kostka, P. (1)
- Koul, R. (1)
- Kowal, G. (1)
- Koziol, J. (1)
- Kranich, D. (1)
- Kraus, Michael (1)
- Kraus, Michaela (1)
- Krawzcynski, H. (1)
- Krepps, A. (1)
- Kretzschmann, A. (1)
- Krimm, H. A. (1)
- Krobot, R. (1)
- Krtiger, P. P. (1)
- Krueger, P. (1)
- Kruer, P. P. (1)
- Kubo, Hidetoshi (1)
- Kudryavtsev, V. A. (1)
- Kuvezdie, D. (1)
- Kuznetsov, A. (1)
- La Parola, V. (1)
- La Rosa, G. (1)
- Lacombe, K. (1)
- Lalik, K. (1)
- Landt, H. (1)
- Languignon, D. (1)
- Larionova, L. V. (1)
- Larsson, S. (1)
- Latev, G. (1)
- Lau, Jeanie (1)
- Lavalley, C. (1)
- Le Flour, T. (1)
- Le Padellec, A. (1)
- Lee, N. P. (1)
- Lee, S. (1)
- Lees, J-P (1)
- Lees, J. (1)
- Lees, S. Rosier (1)
- Leigui de Oliveira, M. A. (1)
- Lenain, J. - P. (1)
- Lenain, J. P. (1)
- Leopold, D. J. (1)
- Lerch, T. (1)
- Lessio, L. (1)
- Leto, Giuseppe (1)
- Lieunard, B. (1)
- Ligustri, R. (1)
- Lin, T. T. Y. (1)
- Liolios, A. (1)
- Lipniacka, A. (1)
- Liu, J. (1)
- Lockart, H. (1)
- Lohse, Thomas (1)
- Lopen, R. J. Garcia (1)
- Lorca, A. (1)
- Lott, B. (1)
- Lovellette, M. N. (1)
- Lubinski, P. (1)
- Ludwin, J. (1)
- Luedecke, H. (1)
- Luque-Escamilla, P. L. (1)
- Luque-Escamilla, Pedro Luis (1)
- Lustermann, W. (1)
- Luz, O. (1)
- Ly, C. (1)
- Lyard, E. (1)
- Lypova, Iryna (1)
- MacDonald, N. R. (1)
- Maccaferri, G. (1)
- Maccarone, T. J. (1)
- Madejski, G. (1)
- Madrid, J. (1)
- Magill, J. D. (1)
- Mahabir, M. (1)
- Makariev, E. (1)
- Makeev, A. (1)
- Maltezos, S. (1)
- Manalaysay, A. (1)
- Mancilla, A. (1)
- Mangano, A. (1)
- Mangano, S. (1)
- Manigot, P. (1)
- Manthos, I. (1)
- Maragos, N. (1)
- Marandon, Vincent (1)
- Marisaldi, M. (1)
- Markoff, S. (1)
- Marszalek, A. (1)
- Martens, C. (1)
- Martin, J-M. (1)
- Martin, P. (1)
- Martinez, F. (1)
- Massaro, F. (1)
- Masserot, A. (1)
- Mastichiadis, A. (1)
- Masuda, S. (1)
- Mathieu, A. (1)
- Matsumoto, H. (1)
- Mattana, F. (1)
- Mattiazzo, S. (1)
- Maurin, D. (1)
- Maxfield, S. (1)
- Maya, J. (1)
- Mc Comb, L. (1)
- McBreen, B. (1)
- McCann, A. J. (1)
- McCollough, M. L. (1)
- McConville, W. (1)
- McCubbin, N. (1)
- McHardy, I. (1)
- McKay, R. (1)
- Medina, C. (1)
- Meintjes, Petrus Johannes (1)
- Melioli, C. (1)
- Melioli, Claudio (1)
- Melkumyan, D. (1)
- Mereghetti, S. (1)
- Mertsch, P. (1)
- Meyer, Manuela (1)
- Mezek, G. Kukec (1)
- Michalowski, J. (1)
- Micolon, P. (1)
- Mihailidis, A. (1)
- Minev, M. (1)
- Minuti, M. (1)
- Mirabel, F. (1)
- Mitthumsiri, W. (1)
- Moal, B. (1)
- Mognet, I. (1)
- Mohamed, Mmahmoud (1)
- Mohammed, M. (1)
- Moiseev, A. A. (1)
- Mokrushina, A. A. (1)
- Molinari, E. (1)
- Molinaro, M. (1)
- Monte, C. (1)
- Monteiro, I. (1)
- Moore, P. (1)
- Moralejo Olaizola, A. (1)
- Mordalska, M. (1)
- Morello, C. (1)
- Moreno, V. (1)
- Moretti, E. (1)
- Mori, Y. (1)
- Morlino, G. (1)
- Morselli, Aldo (1)
- Moskalenko, I. V. (1)
- Mottez, F. (1)
- Moudden, Y. (1)
- Mrusek, I. (1)
- Mukherjee, Reshmi (1)
- Munar, P. (1)
- Mundell, C. (1)
- Mundell, C. G. (1)
- Munoz, A. Gonzalez (1)
- Murase, K. (1)
- Murase, Kohta (1)
- Murphy, A. (1)
- Myserlis, I. (1)
- Nagai, H. (1)
- Nagataki, S. (1)
- Nagataki, Shigehiro (1)
- Nagayoshi, T. (1)
- Nakayama, K. (1)
- Nalewajko, K. (1)
- Naumann, D. (1)
- Nayman, P. (1)
- Neise, D. (1)
- Nellen, L. (1)
- Nemmen, R. (1)
- Nestoras, I. (1)
- Newbold, M. D. (1)
- Neyroud, N. (1)
- Nicastro, L. (1)
- Nicholas, B. (1)
- Nicolau-Kuklinski, J. (1)
- Niemiec, Jacek (1)
- Nievas Rosillo, M. (1)
- Nievas, M. (1)
- Nievas-Rosillo, M. (1)
- Nikolaidis, A. (1)
- Nikolajuk, M. (1)
- Nishino, S. (1)
- Nolan, P. L. (1)
- Nolan, S. (1)
- Norris, J. P. (1)
- Northrop, R. (1)
- Novosyadlyj, B. (1)
- Nozaki, S. (1)
- Nozato, A. (1)
- Nunez, P. (1)
- Nunio, F. (1)
- O'Brien, P. (1)
- Odaka, Hirokazu (1)
- Ohira, Y. (1)
- Ohira, Yutaka (1)
- Ohm, Stefan (1)
- Ohoka, H. (1)
- Ojha, R. (1)
- Olive, J. -F. (1)
- Omodei, N. (1)
- Ong, R. (1)
- Orlando, E. (1)
- Ortega, A. Diago (1)
- Osborne, J. (1)
- Otero, L. A. (1)
- Ott, S. (1)
- Ottl, S. (1)
- Ovcharov, E. (1)
- Ozieblo, A. (1)
- Pace, C. (1)
- Padilla, L. (1)
- Pagani, C. (1)
- Paillot, D. (1)
- Paizis, A. (1)
- Palanque, S. (1)
- Pallota, J. (1)
- Palma, N. (1)
- Panagiotidis, K. (1)
- Panazol, J. -L. (1)
- Panetta, J. H. (1)
- Papayannis, Alexandros (1)
- Papyan, G. (1)
- Pardo, S. (1)
- Paredes, Josep M. (1)
- Parent, D. (1)
- Park, N. H. (1)
- Parks, G. (1)
- Parraud, J. -M. (1)
- Parsons, D. (1)
- Pavlidou, V. (1)
- Pavy, S. (1)
- Pearson, R. (1)
- Pearson, T. J. (1)
- Pegna, R. G. (1)
- Pepe, M. (1)
- Peresano, M. (1)
- Perez, M. D. C. (1)
- Perlman, E. S. (1)
- Perri, L. (1)
- Peruzzo, J. (1)
- Peruzzo, L. (1)
- Pesce-Rollins, M. (1)
- Petrashyk, A. (1)
- Petrucci, P. (1)
- Petrucci, P. -O (1)
- Petruk, Oleh (1)
- Pfrommer, C. (1)
- Pie, Q. (1)
- Pilia, M. (1)
- Piner, B. G. (1)
- Pinzke, A. (1)
- Pisarski, A. (1)
- Pivato, G. (1)
- Pizlo, F. (1)
- Pizzolato, F. (1)
- Platos, L. (1)
- Platzer, R. (1)
- Pletsch, H. (1)
- Pogosyan, L. (1)
- Pohl, Manula (1)
- Pojmanski, G. (1)
- Ponz, J. D. (1)
- Poon, Helen (1)
- Poona, H. (1)
- Porcelli, A. (1)
- Porter, T. A. (1)
- Potter, W. (1)
- Preece, R. (1)
- Prester, D. Dominis (1)
- Preziuso, S. (1)
- Principe, G. (1)
- Profeti, F. (1)
- Prokhorov, Dmitry (1)
- Prokoph, Heike (1)
- Proyetti, M. (1)
- Ptffilhofer, G. (1)
- Puchades, N. (1)
- Puehlhofer, Gerd (1)
- Puerto-Gimenez, I. (1)
- Pyziol, R. (1)
- Quel, E. J. (1)
- Quirrenbach, Andreas (1)
- Racero, E. (1)
- Raiteri, C. (1)
- Rajda, P. J. (1)
- Ramakrishnan, V. (1)
- Ramazani, V. Fallah (1)
- Rameez, M. (1)
- Ramon, P. (1)
- Rannot, R. C. (1)
- Rataj, M. (1)
- Rayner, S. M. (1)
- Readhead, A. C. R. (1)
- Readhead, A. C. S. (1)
- Reardon, P. (1)
- Reichardt, T. (1)
- Reimann, O. (1)
- Reimer, Anita (1)
- Reitberger, K. (1)
- Renner, S. (1)
- Reville, B. (1)
- Reynolds, K. (1)
- Ribordy, M. (1)
- Richards, J. (1)
- Richer, M. G. (1)
- Ridky, J. (1)
- Rieger, Frank (1)
- Ringegni, P. (1)
- Rissi, M. (1)
- Ristori, P. R. (1)
- Riti, M. (1)
- Riviere, A. (1)
- Rivoire, S. (1)
- Rizi, V. (1)
- Rodriguez Vazquez, J. J. (1)
- Rodriguez, J. (1)
- Roeser, U. (1)
- Rohlfs, R. (1)
- Rojas, G. (1)
- Romaszkan, W. (1)
- Romeo, G. (1)
- Romero, G. E. (1)
- Romoli, Carlo (1)
- Ros, E. (1)
- Ros, J. A. (1)
- Rosado, J. (1)
- Rosen, S. (1)
- Rosillo, M. Nievas (1)
- Ross, D. (1)
- Roth, M. (1)
- Rouaix, G. (1)
- Rousselle, S. (1)
- Rowel, G. (1)
- Roy, F. (1)
- Royer, S. (1)
- Rugamer, S. (1)
- Rupinski, M. (1)
- Ruppel, Jens (1)
- Russo, F. (1)
- Ryde, F. (1)
- Sacco, B. (1)
- Sadeh, I. (1)
- Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. (1)
- Sadun, A. (1)
- Saemann, E. O. (1)
- Safiakian, V. (1)
- Sainio, J. (1)
- Saito, Y. (1)
- Sakonaka, R. (1)
- Salek, David (1)
- Salini, A. (1)
- Sanchez, David A. (1)
- Sanchez, F. (1)
- Sandaker, H. (1)
- Sander, A. (1)
- Sandoval, A. (1)
- Sangiorgi, P. (1)
- Sant'Ambrogio, E. (1)
- Santos, E. M. (1)
- Sanuy, A. (1)
- Sapozhnikov, L. (1)
- Sartore, N. (1)
- Sasaki, H. (1)
- Sasaki, Manami (1)
- Scarcioffolo, M. (1)
- Scargle, J. D. (1)
- Schaal, M. (1)
- Schafer, J. (1)
- Schanz, T. (1)
- Schioppa, E. J. (1)
- Schlenstedt, S. (1)
- Schlickeiser, Reinhard (1)
- Schmidt, T. (1)
- Schmoll, J. (1)
- Schoeck, F. M. (1)
- Schoorlemmer, H. (1)
- Schroeder, S. (1)
- Schrödter, M. (1)
- Schtissler, F. (1)
- Schultze, J. (1)
- Schulz, Andreas (1)
- Schure, K. (1)
- Schwab, T. (1)
- Schwarz, J. (1)
- Segreto, A. (1)
- Seiradakis, J. -H. (1)
- Semkov, E. H. (1)
- Senturk, G. Demet (1)
- Sergijenko, O. (1)
- Serpico, P. (1)
- Servillat, M. (1)
- Seweryn, K. (1)
- Shalchi, A. (1)
- Sharma, M. (1)
- Shi, J. (1)
- Shibata, T. (1)
- Shibuya, A. (1)
- Shum, E. (1)
- Sidoli, L. (1)
- Sidz, M. (1)
- Sieiro, J. (1)
- Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. (1)
- Sievers, A. (1)
- Sikora, M. (1)
- Silk, J. (1)
- Simone, D. (1)
- Singh, B. B. (1)
- Sliusar, V. (1)
- Smareglia, R. (1)
- Smith, A. (1)
- Smith, D. (1)
- Smith, J. (1)
- Smith, N. (1)
- Smith, P. D. (1)
- So, H. (1)
- Soares-Furtado, M. (1)
- Sobczynskall, D. (1)
- Sokolovsky, K. V. (1)
- Sottile, G. (1)
- Sowinski, M. (1)
- Spandre, G. (1)
- Spanie, F. (1)
- Spanier, Felix (1)
- Spiga, D. (1)
- Spyrou, S. (1)
- Stanic, S. (1)
- Stawarz, Lukasz (1)
- Steele, D. (1)
- Steele, I. A. (1)
- Steiner, S. (1)
- Stephan, M. (1)
- Stergioulas, N. (1)
- Stern, D. (1)
- Sternberger, R. (1)
- Sterzel, M. (1)
- Stevens, J. (1)
- Stevenson, M. (1)
- Stodulski, M. (1)
- Straumann, U. (1)
- Strazzeri, E. (1)
- Strickman, M. S. (1)
- Strigachev, A. (1)
- Stringhetti, L. (1)
- Stroh, M. (1)
- Struebig, J. C. (1)
- Stycz, Kornelia (1)
- Suarez, A. (1)
- Suchenek, M. (1)
- Sugawara, R. (1)
- Sulanke, K. -H. (1)
- Supanitsky, A. D. (1)
- Surie, T. (1)
- Sushch, I (1)
- Suson, D. J. (1)
- Sutcliffe, P. (1)
- Sweeney, K. (1)
- Sykes, J. (1)
- Takahashi, K. (1)
- Takahashi, M. (1)
- Takalo, L. O. (1)
- Takeda, J. (1)
- Talbot, C. (1)
- Tam, P. H. T. (1)
- Tanaka, T. (1)
- Tanaka, Y. (1)
- Tasan, J. (1)
- Tavani, M. (1)
- Tenzer, C. (1)
- Terrats, D. Garrido (1)
- Terzie, T. (1)
- Tezier, D. (1)
- Thayer, J. B. (1)
- Thayer, J. G. (1)
- Thom, M. (1)
- Thompson, D. J. (1)
- Thoudam, S. (1)
- Thuermann, D. (1)
- Tiengo, A. (1)
- Tinivella, M. (1)
- Tjus, Julia Becker (1)
- Tluczykont, Martin (1)
- Todd, N. W. (1)
- Todero Peixoto, C. J. (1)
- Tokarz, M. (1)
- Toma, K. (1)
- Torres, F. (1)
- Torres, M. (1)
- Torres-Alla, N. (1)
- Torresi, E. (1)
- Totani, T. (1)
- Toussenel, C. (1)
- Townsley, C. (1)
- Tramacere, A. (1)
- Trigilio, C. (1)
- Troitskaya, Y. V. (1)
- Troja, E. (1)
- Troyano, I. (1)
- Trzeciak, M. (1)
- Tsinganos, K. (1)
- Tsujimoto, S. (1)
- Ueno, H. (1)
- Umana, G. (1)
- Umehara, K. (1)
- Uner, E. O. Ang (1)
- Ungerechts, H. (1)
- Upadhya, S. S. (1)
- Urry, M. (1)
- Usher, T. (1)
- Usher, T. L. (1)
- Uslenghi, M. (1)
- Vagelli, V. (1)
- Valdes-Galicia, J. F. (1)
- Vallejo, G. (1)
- Valore, L. (1)
- Van Rensburg, C. (1)
- Van der Walt, D. J. (1)
- Vandenbroucke, J. (1)
- Vandenbroucke, Justin (1)
- Vandenbrouke, J. (1)
- Vanderwalt, J. (1)
- Vanzo, G. (1)
- Vasileiadis, Georges (1)
- Vasileiou, V. (1)
- Vazquez Acosta, M. L. (1)
- Veberic, D. (1)
- Vecchi, M. (1)
- Vegas, I. (1)
- Vercellone, Stefano (1)
- Veres, P. (1)
- Verguilov, V. (1)
- Verrecchia, F. (1)
- Veyssiere, C. (1)
- Vianello, G. (1)
- Videla, M. (1)
- Vilchez, N. (1)
- Vince, O. (1)
- Vink, Jacco (1)
- Vitale, V. (1)
- Vlahakis, N. (1)
- Vlahos, L. (1)
- Voelk, Heinrich J. (1)
- Vok, H. J. (1)
- Vollhardt, A. (1)
- Vrastil, M. (1)
- Vuerli, C. (1)
- Vuillaume, Thomas (1)
- Waegebaert, V. (1)
- Wagner, S. (1)
- Wagner, Stefan J. (1)
- Waite, A. P. (1)
- Walther, T. (1)
- Wang, P. (1)
- Warda, K. (1)
- Warwick, R. (1)
- Watson, J. J. (1)
- Wawer, P. (1)
- Wawrzaszek, R. (1)
- Webb, N. (1)
- Wegner, P. (1)
- Weng, S. (1)
- Wetteskind, H. (1)
- White, M. (1)
- Wierzcholska, Alicja (1)
- Wiesand, S. (1)
- Wilcox, P. (1)
- Wilkinson, M. (1)
- Willingale, R. (1)
- Winer, B. L. (1)
- Winiarski, K. (1)
- Wisniewski, L. (1)
- Wood, D. L. (1)
- Wood, K. S. (1)
- Wouters, Denis (1)
- Wrnlein, A. (1)
- Wu, M. H. (1)
- Xiong, Q. (1)
- Yadav, K. K. (1)
- Yamazaki, R. (1)
- Yamazaki, Ryo (1)
- Yang, L. (1)
- Yang, Z. (1)
- Yatsu, Y. (1)
- Yebras, J. M. (1)
- Yelos, D. (1)
- Ylinen, T. (1)
- Yoshida, A. (1)
- Yoshida, M. (1)
- Zabalza, Victor (1)
- Zampieri, L. (1)
- Zarie, D. (1)
- Zavrtanik, D. (1)
- Zavrtanik, M. (1)
- Zech, Andreas (1)
- Zechlin, H. S. (1)
- Zechlin, Hannes (1)
- Zhang, W. (1)
- Zhao, A. (1)
- Zhdanov, V. (1)
- Zhou, X. (1)
- Zhu, S. (1)
- Ziegler, M. (1)
- Zietara, K. (1)
- Ziolkowski, J. (1)
- Ziolkowski, P. (1)
- Zitelli, V. (1)
- Zook, A. (1)
- Zurbach, C. (1)
- Zychowski, P. (1)
- Zywucka, Natalia (1)
- Zywuckan, N. (1)
- de Bhroithe, A. O&rsquo (1)
- de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M. (1)
- de Jager, O. C. (1)
- de Mello Neto, J. R. T. (1)
- de Naurois, Mathieu (1)
- de Oliveira, Y. (1)
- de Souza, V. (1)
- de la Fuente, E. (1)
- del Pozo, E. De Cea (1)
- della Volpe, D. (1)
- do Couto e Silva, E. (1)
- tAliu, E. (1)
- van Edik, C. (1)
- van Soelen, Brian (1)
- van der Wale, D. J. (1)
- van der Walt, Johan (1)
- von Gunten, H. P. (1)
Language
- English (98) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (98)
Keywords
- gamma rays: general (31)
- gamma rays: galaxies (24)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (20)
- galaxies: active (16)
- ISM: supernova remnants (14)
- cosmic rays (12)
- BL Lacertae objects: general (10)
- acceleration of particles (10)
- astroparticle physics (8)
- gamma rays: ISM (6)
Institute
Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Backes, Michael ; Balzer, Arnim ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carr, John ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chen, Andrew ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandesl, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieckl, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Lui, R. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; de Ona Wilhelmi, E. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van der Walt, J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Zywucka, N.
Re-observations with the HESS telescope array of the very high-energy (VHE) source HESS J1018-589A that is coincident with the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856 have resulted in a source detection significance of more than 9 sigma and the detection of variability (chi(2)/nu of 238.3/155) in the emitted gamma-ray flux. This variability confirms the association of HESS J1018-589A with the high-energy gamma-ray binary detected Fermi-LAT and also confirms the point-like source as a new VHE binary system. The spectrum of HESS J1018-589A is best fit with a power-law function with photon index Gamma = 2.20 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.2(sys). Emission is detected up to similar to 20 TeV. The mean differential flux level is (2.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(-13) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) at 1 TeV, equivalent to similar to 1% of the flux from the Crab Nebula at the same energy. Variability is clearly detected the night-by-night light curve. When folded on the orbital period of 16.58 days, the rebinned light curve peaks in phase with the observed X-ray high-energy phaseograms. The fit of the HESS phaseogram to a constant flux provides evidence of periodicity at the level of N-sigma > 3 sigma. The of the VHE phaseogram and measured spectrum suggest a low-inclination, low-eccentricity system with a modest impact from VHE gamma-ray due to pair production (tau less than or similar to 1 at 300 GeV).
Abramowski, Attila ; Acero, F. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Anton, Gisela ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Brucker, J. ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Cheesebrough, A. ; Chretien, M. ; Clapson, A. C. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Dalton, M. ; Daniel, M. K. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, Markus ; Horns, D. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, Marek ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, Krzysztof ; Katz, Uli ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kneiske, T. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lennarz, D. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Mehault, J. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, Manuel ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Naumann, C. L. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perez, J. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Raue, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rob, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Szostek, A. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, Christopher ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S.
Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Uner, E. O. Ang ; Backes, Michael ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Dalton, M. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, Markus ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Mehault, J. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; Reyes, R. de Los ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; Van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S. ; Fukui, Y. ; Sano, H. ; Fukuda, T. ; Yoshiike, S.
This Letter reports the discovery of a remarkably hard spectrum source, HESS J1641-463, by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) in the very high energy (VHE) domain. HESS J1641-463 remained unnoticed by the usual analysis techniques due to confusion with the bright nearby source HESS J1640-465. It emerged at a significance level of 8.5 standard deviations after restricting the analysis to events with energies above 4 TeV. It shows a moderate flux level of phi(E > 1TeV) = (3.64 +/- 0.44(stat)+/- 0.73(sys)) x 10(-13) cm(-2) s(-1), corresponding to 1.8% of the Crab Nebula flux above the same energy, and a hard spectrum with a photon index of Gamma = 2.07 +/- 0.11(stat)+/- 0.20(sys). It is a point-like source, although an extension up to a Gaussian width of sigma = 3 arcmin cannot be discounted due to uncertainties in the H.E.S.S. point-spread function. The VHE gamma-ray flux of HESS J1641-463 is found to be constant over the observed period when checking time binnings from the year-by-year to the 28 minute exposure timescales. HESS J1641-463 is positionally coincident with the radio supernova remnant SNR G338.5+0.1. No X-ray candidate stands out as a clear association; however, Chandra and XMM-Newton data reveal some potential weak counterparts. Various VHE gamma-ray production scenarios are discussed. If the emission from HESS J1641-463 is produced by cosmic ray protons colliding with the ambient gas, then their spectrum must extend close to 1 PeV. This object may represent a source population contributing significantly to the galactic cosmic ray flux around the knee.
tAliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Bradbury, S. M. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Duke, C. ; Dumm, J. ; Dwarkadas, Vikram V. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Godambe, S. ; Gotthelf, E. V. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Huan, H. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lee, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Pandel, D. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rose, H. J. ; Ruppel, Jens ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Sentuerk, G. D. ; Skole, C. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Weisgarber, T. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We report the discovery of an unidentified, extended source of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission, VER J2019+407, within the radio shell of the supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1, using 21.4 hr of data taken by the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory in 2009. These data confirm the preliminary indications of gamma-ray emission previously seen in a two-year (2007-2009) blind survey of the Cygnus region by VERITAS. VER J2019+407, which is detected at a post-trials significance of 7.5 standard deviations in the 2009 data, is localized to the northwestern rim of the remnant in a region of enhanced radio and X-ray emission. It has an intrinsic extent of 0 degrees.23 +/- 0 degrees.03(stat-0 degrees.02sys)(+0 degrees.04) and its spectrum is well-characterized by a differential power law (dN/dE = N-0 x (E/TeV)-Gamma) with a photon index of Gamma = 2.37 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and a flux normalization of N-0 = 1.5 +/- 0.2(stat) +/- 0.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1). This yields an integral flux of 5.2 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 1.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon cm(-2) s(-1) above 320 GeV, corresponding to 3.7% of the Crab Nebula flux. We consider the relationship of the TeV gamma-ray emission with the GeV gamma-ray emission seen from SNR G78.2+2.1 as well as that seen from a nearby cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays. Multiple scenarios are considered as possible origins for the TeV gamma-ray emission, including hadronic particle acceleration at the SNR shock.
Abramowski, Attila ; Acero, F. ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Anton, Gisela ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Behera, B. ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Bochow, A. ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Brucker, J. ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Cheesebrough, A. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Dalton, M. ; Daniel, M. K. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Drury, L. O&rsquo ; C. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Fallon, L. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fussling, Matthias ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gast, H. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Glueck, B. ; Goering, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hague, J. D. ; Hahn, J. ; Hampf, D. ; Harris, J. ; Heinz, S. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jung, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kneiske, T. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Kossakowski, R. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lennarz, D. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Masbou, J. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Medina, M. C. ; Mehault, J. ; Menzler, U. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Naumann, C. L. ; Naumann-Godo, M. ; de Naurois, M. ; Nedbal, D. ; Nguyen, N. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perez, J. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Raue, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Ripken, J. ; Rob, L. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sheidaei, F. ; Skilton, J. L. ; Sol, H. ; Spengler, G. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Szostek, A. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, C. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorobiov, S. ; Vorster, M. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Ward, M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S. ; Pelat, D.
Very high-energy gamma-ray emission from PKS 0447-439 was detected with the H. E. S. S. Cherenkov telescope array in December 2009. This blazar is one of the brightest extragalactic objects in the Fermi bright source list and has a hard spectrum in the MeV to GeV range. In the TeV range, a photon index of 3.89 +/- 0.37 (stat) +/- 0.22 (sys) and a flux normalisation at 1 TeV, phi(1) (TeV) = (3.5 +/- 1.1(stat) +/- 0.9(sys)) x 10(-13) cm(-2) s(-1) TeV-1 were found. The detection with H. E. S. S. triggered observations in the X-ray band with the Swift and RXTE telescopes. Simultaneous UV and optical data from Swift UVOT and data from the optical telescopes ATOM and ROTSE are also available. The spectrum and light curve measured with H. E. S. S. are presented and compared to the multi-wavelength data at lower energies. A rapid flare is seen in the Swift XRT and RXTE data, together with a flux variation in the UV band, at a time scale of the order of one day. A firm upper limit of z < 0.59 on the redshift of PKS 0447-439 is derived from the combined Fermi-LAT and H. E. S. S. data, given the assumptions that there is no upturn in the intrinsic spectrum above the Fermi-LAT energy range and that absorption on the extragalactic background light (EBL) is not weaker than the lower limit provided by current models. The spectral energy distribution is well described by a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton scenario, if the redshift of the source is less than z less than or similar to 0.4.
Aliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Duke, C. ; Dumm, J. ; Dwarkadas, Vikram V. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Godambe, S. ; Gotthelf, E. V. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kargaltsev, O. ; Karlsson, N. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lee, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O&rsquo ; Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, M. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Roberts, M. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Slane, P. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Vivier, M. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We report the discovery of TeV gamma-ray emission coincident with the shell-type radio supernova remnant (SNR) CTA 1 using the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory. The source, VER J0006+729, was detected as a 6.5 standard deviation excess over background and shows an extended morphology, approximated by a two-dimensional Gaussian of semimajor (semiminor) axis 0.degrees 30 (0.degrees 24) and a centroid 5’ from the Fermi gamma-ray pulsar PSR J0007+7303 and its X-ray pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The photon spectrum is well described by a power-law dN/dE = N-0(E/3 TeV)(-Gamma), with a differential spectral index of Gamma = 2.2 +/- 0.2(stat) +/- 0.3(sys), and normalization N-0 = (9.1 +/- 1.3(stat) +/- 1.7(sys)) x 10(-14) cm(-2) s(-1) TeV-1. The integral flux, F-gamma = 4.0 x 10(-12) erg cm(-2) s(-1) above 1 TeV, corresponds to 0.2% of the pulsar spin-down power at 1.4 kpc. The energetics, colocation with the SNR, and the relatively small extent of the TeV emission strongly argue for the PWN origin of the TeV photons. We consider the origin of the TeV emission in CTA 1.
Acciari, V. A. ; Aliu, E. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bradbury, S. M. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Duke, C. ; Errando, M. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Godambe, S. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Guenette, R. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, J. P. ; Hui, C. M. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; LeBohec, S. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Pandel, D. ; Park, N. H. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rose, H. J. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Senturk, G. Demet ; Slane, P. ; Smith, A. W. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Vivier, M. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Weisgarber, T. ; Williams, D. A. ; Wood, M. ; Zitzer, B.
We report the discovery of TeV gamma-ray emission from the Type Ia supernova remnant (SNR) G120.1+1.4, known as Tycho's SNR. Observations performed in the period 2008-2010 with the VERITAS ground-based gamma-ray observatory reveal weak emission coming from the direction of the remnant, compatible with a point source located at 00(h)25(m)27(s).0, +64 degrees 10'50 '' (J2000). The TeV photon spectrum measured by VERITAS can be described with a power law dN/dE = C(E/3.42 TeV)(-Gamma) with Gamma = 1.95 +/- 0.51(stat) +/- 0.30(sys) and C = (1.55 +/- 0.43(stat) +/- 0.47(sys)) x 10(-14) cm(-2) s(-1) TeV-1. The integral flux above 1 TeV corresponds to similar to 0.9% of the steady Crab Nebula emission above the same energy, making it one of the weakest sources yet detected in TeV gamma rays. We present both leptonic and hadronic models that can describe the data. The lowest magnetic field allowed in these models is similar to 80 mu G, which may be interpreted as evidence for magnetic field amplification.
Discovery of high and very high-energy emission from the BL Lacertae object SHBL J001355.9-185406
(2013)
Abramowski, Attila ; Acero, F. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Anton, Gisela ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Brucker, J. ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Cheesebrough, A. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Dalton, M. ; Daniel, M. K. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Drury, L. O'C. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gast, H. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Goering, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hague, J. D. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, Markus ; Horns, D. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kneiske, T. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lennarz, D. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Medina, M. C. ; Mehault, J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Naumann, C. L. ; de Naurois, M. ; Nedbal, D. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perez, J. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Raue, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rob, L. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spengler, G. ; Spiess, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Szostek, A. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, C. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S.
The detection of the high-frequency peaked BL Lac object (HBL) SHBL J001355.9-185406 (z = 0.095) at high (HE; 100 MeV < E < 300 GeV) and very high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is reported. Dedicated observations were performed with the H. E. S. S. telescopes, leading to a detection at the 5.5 sigma significance level. The measured flux above 310 GeV is (8.3 +/- 1.7(stat) +/- 1.7(sys)) x 10(-13) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (about 0.6% of that of the Crab Nebula), and the power-law spectrum has a photon index of Gamma = 3.4 +/- 0.5(stat) +/- 0.2(sys). Using 3.5 years of publicly available Fermi-LAT data, a faint counterpart has been detected in the LAT data at the 5.5 sigma significance level, with an integrated flux above 300 MeV of (9.3 +/- 3.4(stat) +/- 0.8(sys)) x 10(-10) photons cm(-2) s(-1) and a photon index of Gamma = 1.96 +/- 0.20(stat) +/- 0.08(sys). X-ray observations with Swift-XRT allow the synchrotron peak energy in vF(v) representation to be located at similar to 1.0 keV. The broadband spectral energy distribution is modelled with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model and the optical data by a black-body emission describing the thermal emission of the host galaxy. The derived parameters are typical of HBLs detected at VHE, with a particle-dominated jet.
Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Behera, B. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Theiling, M. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Fegan, S. J. ; Fortin, P. ; Halpern, J. P. ; Kovalev, Y. Y. ; Lister, M. L. ; Liu, J. ; Pushkarev, A. B. ; Smith, P. S.
We report the detection of a new TeV gamma-ray source, VER J0521+211, based on observations made with the VERITAS imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope Array. These observations were motivated by the discovery of a cluster of >30 GeV photons in the first year of Fermi Large Area Telescope observations. VER J0521+211 is relatively bright at TeV energies, with a mean photon flux of (1.93 +/- 0.13(stat) +/- 0.78(sys)) x 10(-11) cm(-2) s(-1) above 0.2 TeV during the period of the VERITAS observations. The source is strongly variable on a daily timescale across all wavebands, from optical to TeV, with a peak flux corresponding to similar to 0.3 times the steady Crab Nebula flux at TeV energies. Follow-up observations in the optical and X-ray bands classify the newly discovered TeV source as a BL Lac-type blazar with uncertain redshift, although recent measurements suggest z = 0.108. VER J0521+211 exhibits all the defining properties of blazars in radio, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths.
Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Backes, Michael ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; dewilt, P. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, Marek ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, Krzysztof ; Katz, Uli ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Mehault, J. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, Michael ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, Olaf ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, Fabian ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, Christopher ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S. ; Fukui, Y.
Diffuse gamma-ray emission is the most prominent observable signature of celestial cosmic-ray interactions at high energies. While already being investigated at GeVenergies over several decades, assessments of diffuse gamma-ray emission at TeVenergies remain sparse. After completion of the systematic survey of the inner Galaxy, the H.E.S.S. experiment is in a prime position to observe large-scale diffuse emission at TeVenergies. Data of the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey are investigated in regions off known gamma-ray sources. Corresponding gamma-ray flux measurements were made over an extensive grid of celestial locations. Longitudinal and latitudinal profiles of the observed gamma-ray fluxes show characteristic excess emission not attributable to known gamma-ray sources. For the first time large-scale gamma-ray emission along the Galactic plane using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes has been observed. While the background subtraction technique limits the ability to recover modest variation on the scale of the H.E.S.S. field of view or larger, which is characteristic of the inverse Compton scatter-induced Galactic diffuse emission, contributions of neutral pion decay as well as emission from unresolved gamma-ray sources can be recovered in the observed signal to a large fraction. Calculations show that the minimum gamma-ray emission from pi(0) decay represents a significant contribution to the total signal. This detection is interpreted as a mix of diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission and unresolved sources.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Collaboration, H. E. S. S. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Armand, C. ; Arrieta, M. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Caroff, S. ; Carosi, A. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Donath, A. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Emery, G. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gate, F. ; Giavitto, G. ; Glawion, D. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Kruger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Malyshev, D. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Ndiyavala, H. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poireau, V. ; Prokhorov, D. A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rinchiuso, L. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Shiningayamwe, K. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spir-Jacob, M. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Steppa, Constantin Beverly ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsirou, M. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zorn, J. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. Recently, the high-energy (HE, 0.1-100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the object LMC P3 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been discovered to be modulated with a 10.3-day period, making it the first extra-galactic gamma-ray binary. Aims. This work aims at the detection of very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) gamma-ray emission and the search for modulation of the VHE signal with the orbital period of the binary system. Methods. LMC P3 has been observed with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.); the acceptance-corrected exposure time is 100 h. The data set has been folded with the known orbital period of the system in order to test for variability of the emission. Results. VHE gamma-ray emission is detected with a statistical significance of 6.4 sigma. The data clearly show variability which is phase-locked to the orbital period of the system. Periodicity cannot be deduced from the H.E.S.S. data set alone. The orbit-averaged luminosity in the 1-10 TeV energy range is (1.4 +/- 0.2) x 10(35) erg s(-1). A luminosity of (5 +/- 1) x 10(35) erg s(-1) is reached during 20% of the orbit. HE and VHE gamma-ray emissions are anti-correlated. LMC P3 is the most luminous gamma-ray binary known so far.
Aliu, E. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bouvier, A. ; Bradbury, S. M. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Christiansen, J. L. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Duke, C. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gibbs, K. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Godambe, S. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Guenette, R. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Huan, H. ; Hughes, G. ; Hui, C. M. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Imran, A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lyutikov, M. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; McCutcheon, M. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nunez, P. ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pizlo, F. ; Pohl, Martin ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rose, H. J. ; Ruppel, J. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Sentuerk, G. D. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Vivier, M. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Weisgarber, T. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We report the detection of pulsed gamma rays from the Crab pulsar at energies above 100 giga-electron volts (GeV) with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) array of atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The detection cannot be explained on the basis of current pulsar models. The photon spectrum of pulsed emission between 100 mega-electron volts and 400 GeV is described by a broken power law that is statistically preferred over a power law with an exponential cutoff. It is unlikely that the observation can be explained by invoking curvature radiation as the origin of the observed gamma rays above 100 GeV. Our findings require that these gamma rays be produced more than 10 stellar radii from the neutron star.
Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lorentz, M. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Lui, R. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; Valerius, K. ; van der Walt, J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Weidinger, M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Zywucka, N.
Aims. We aim for an understanding of the morphological and spectral properties of the supernova remnant RCW 86 and for insights into the production mechanism leading to the RCW 86 very high-energy gamma-ray emission. Methods. We analyzed High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) data that had increased sensitivity compared to the observations presented in the RCW 86 H.E.S.S. discovery publication. Studies of the morphological correlation between the 0.5-1 keV X-ray band, the 2-5 keV X-ray band, radio, and gamma-ray emissions have been performed as well as broadband modeling of the spectral energy distribution with two different emission models. Results. We present the first conclusive evidence that the TeV gamma-ray emission region is shell-like based on our morphological studies. The comparison with 2-5 keV X-ray data reveals a correlation with the 0.4-50 TeV gamma-ray emission. The spectrum of RCW 86 is best described by a power law with an exponential cutoff at E-cut = (3.5 +/- 1.2(stat)) TeV and a spectral index of Gamma approximate to 1.6 +/- 0.2. A static leptonic one-zone model adequately describes the measured spectral energy distribution of RCW 86, with the resultant total kinetic energy of the electrons above 1 GeV being equivalent to similar to 0.1% of the initial kinetic energy of a Type Ia supernova explosion (10(51) erg). When using a hadronic model, a magnetic field of B approximate to 100 mu G is needed to represent the measured data. Although this is comparable to formerly published estimates, a standard E-2 spectrum for the proton distribution cannot describe the gamma-ray data. Instead, a spectral index of Gamma(p) approximate to 1.7 would be required, which implies that similar to 7 x 10(49)/n(cm-3) erg has been transferred into high-energy protons with the effective density n(cm-3) = n/1 cm(-3). This is about 10% of the kinetic energy of a typical Type Ia supernova under the assumption of a density of 1 cm(-3).
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bilchele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goya, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitche, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
Aims. We study gamma-ray emission from the shell-type supernova remnant (SNR) RXJ0852.0-4622 to better characterize its spectral properties and its distribution over the SNR. Methods. The analysis of an extended High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) data set at very high energies (E > 100 GeV) permits detailed studies, as well as spatially resolved spectroscopy, of the morphology and spectrum of the whole RXJ0852.0-4622 region. The H.E.S.S. data are combined with archival data from other wavebands and interpreted in the framework of leptonic and hadronic models. The joint Fermi-LAT-H.E.S.S. spectrum allows the direct determination of the spectral characteristics of the parent particle population in leptonic and hadronic scenarios using only GeV-TeV data. Results. An updated analysis of the H.E.S.S. data shows that the spectrum of the entire SNR connects smoothly to the high-energy spectrum measured by Fermi-LAT. The increased data set makes it possible to demonstrate that the H.E.S.S. spectrum deviates significantly from a power law and is well described by both a curved power law and a power law with an exponential cutoff at an energy of E-cut = (6.7 +/- 1.2(stat) +/- 1.2(syst)) TeV. The joint Fermi-LAT-H.E.S.S. spectrum allows the unambiguous identification of the spectral shape as a power law with an exponential cutoff. No significant evidence is found for a variation of the spectral parameters across the SNR, suggesting similar conditions of particle acceleration across the remnant. A simple modeling using one particle population to model the SNR emission demonstrates that both leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios remain plausible. It is also shown that at least a part of the shell emission is likely due to the presence of a pulsar wind nebula around PSR J0855-4644.
Archambault, S. ; Aune, T. ; Behera, B. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, Wei ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, Daniel ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Wilhelm, Alina ; Williams, D. A. ; Ackermann, Margit ; Ajello, M. ; Albert, A. ; Baldini, L. ; Bastieri, D. ; Bellazzini, R. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Bregeon, Johan ; Buehler, R. ; Buson, S. ; Caliandro, G. A. ; Cameron, R. A. ; Caraveo, P. A. ; Cavazzuti, E. ; Charles, E. ; Chiang, J. ; Ciprini, S. ; Claus, R. ; Cutini, S. ; de Angelis, A. ; de Palma, F. ; Dermer, C. D. ; Digel, S. W. ; Di Venere, L. ; Drell, P. S. ; Favuzzi, C. ; Franckowiak, A. ; Fusco, P. ; Gargano, F. ; Gasparrini, D. ; Giglietto, N. ; Giordano, F. ; Giroletti, M. ; Grenier, I. A. ; Guiriec, S. ; Jogler, T. ; Kuss, M. ; Larsson, S. ; Latronico, L. ; Longo, F. ; Loparco, F. ; Lubrano, P. ; Madejski, G. M. ; Mayer, M. ; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola ; Michelson, P. F. ; Mizuno, T. ; Monzani, M. E. ; Morselli, Aldo ; Murgia, S. ; Nuss, E. ; Ohsugi, T. ; Ormes, J. F. ; Paneque, D. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Piron, F. ; Pivato, G. ; Raino, S. ; Razzano, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, Olaf ; Ritz, S. ; Schaal, M. ; Sgro, C. ; Siskind, E. J. ; Spinelli, P. ; Takahashi, H. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tinivella, M. ; Troja, E. ; Vianello, G. ; Werner, M. ; Wood, M.
We present deep VERITAS observations of the blazar PKS 1424+240, along with contemporaneous Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope, and Swift UV Optical Telescope data between 2009 February 19 and 2013 June 8. This blazar resides at a redshift of z >= 0.6035, displaying a significantly attenuated gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV due to photon absorption via pair-production with the extragalactic background light. We present more than 100 hr of VERITAS observations over three years, a multiwavelength light curve, and the contemporaneous spectral energy distributions. The source shows a higher flux of (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-7) photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV in 2009 and 2011 as compared to the flux measured in 2013, corresponding to (1.02 +/- 0.08) x 10-7 photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV. The measured differential very high energy (VHE; E >= 100 GeV) spectral indices are Gamma = 3.8 +/- 0.3, 4.3 +/- 0.6 and 4.5 +/- 0.2 in 2009, 2011, and 2013, respectively. No significant spectral change across the observation epochs is detected. We find no evidence for variability at gamma-ray opacities of greater than tau = 2, where it is postulated that any variability would be small and occur on timescales longer than a year if hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with extragalactic photon fields provide a secondary VHE photon flux. The data cannot rule out such variability due to low statistics.
Aliu, E. ; Aune, T. ; Barnacka, Anna ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connaughton, V. ; Cui, W. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hakansson, Nils ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kar, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weiner, O. M. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Wilhelm, Alina ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; McEnery, J. E. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Veres, P. ; Zhu, S.
Prompt emission from the very fluent and nearby (z = 0.34) gamma-ray burst GRB130427A was detected by several orbiting telescopes and by ground-based, wide-field-of-view optical transient monitors. Apart from the intensity and proximity of this GRB, it is exceptional due to the extremely long-lived high-energy (100 MeV to 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission, which was detected by the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope for similar to 70 ks after the initial burst. The persistent, hard-spectrum, high-energy emission suggests that the highest-energy gamma rays may have been produced via synchrotron self-Compton processes though there is also evidence that the high-energy emission may instead be an extension of the synchrotron spectrum. VERITAS, a ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array, began follow-up observations of GRB130427A similar to 71 ks (similar to 20 hr) after the onset of the burst. The GRB was not detected with VERITAS; however, the high elevation of the observations, coupled with the low redshift of the GRB, make VERITAS a very sensitive probe of the emission from GRB130427A for E > 100 GeV. The non-detection and consequent upper limit derived place constraints on the synchrotron self-Compton model of high-energy gamma-ray emission from this burst.
Ahnen, M. L. ; Ansoldi, S. ; Antonelli, L. A. ; Arcaro, C. ; Babie, A. ; Banerjee, B. ; Bangale, P. ; de Almeida, U. Barres ; Barrio, J. A. ; Gonzalez, J. Becerra ; Bednarek, W. ; Bernardini, E. ; Berti, A. ; Biasuzzi, B. ; Biland, A. ; Blanch, O. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bonnoli, G. ; Borracci, F. ; Carosi, R. ; Carosi, A. ; Chatterjee, A. ; Colin, P. ; Colombo, E. ; Contreras, J. L. ; Cortina, J. ; Covino, S. ; Cumani, P. ; Da Vela, P. ; Dazzi, F. ; De Angelis, A. ; De Lotto, B. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Di Pierro, F. ; Doert, M. ; Dominguez, A. ; Prester, D. Dominis ; Dorner, D. ; Doro, M. ; Einecke, S. ; Glawion, D. Eisenacher ; Elsaesser, D. ; Engelkemeier, M. ; Ramazani, V. Fallah ; Fernandez-Barra, A. ; Fidalgo, D. ; Fonseca, M. V. ; Font, L. ; Fruck, C. ; Galindo, D. ; Lopez, R. J. Garcia ; Garczarczyk, M. ; Gaug, M. ; Giammaria, P. ; Godinovie, N. ; Gora, D. ; Griffiths, S. ; Guberman, D. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, A. ; Hassan, T. ; Hayashida, M. ; Herrera, J. ; Hose, J. ; Hrupec, D. ; Hughes, G. ; Ishio, K. ; Konno, Y. ; Kubo, H. ; Kushida, J. ; Kuvezdie, D. ; Lelas, D. ; Lindfors, E. ; Lombardi, S. ; Longo, F. ; Lopez, M. ; Lopez-Oramas, A. ; Majumdar, P. ; Makariev, M. ; Maneva, G. ; Manganaro, M. ; Mannheim, K. ; Maraschi, L. ; Mariotti, M. ; Martinez, M. ; Mazin, D. ; Menzel, U. ; Minev, M. ; Mirzoyan, R. ; Moralejo, A. ; Moreno, V. ; Moretti, E. ; Munar-Adrover, P. ; Neustroev, V. ; Niedzwiecki, A. ; Rosillo, M. Nievas ; Nilsson, K. ; Nishijima, K. ; Noda, K. ; Nogues, L. ; Paiano, S. ; Palacio, J. ; Paneque, D. ; Paoletti, R. ; Paredes, J. M. ; Paredes-Fortuny, X. ; Pedaletti, G. ; Peresano, M. ; Perri, L. ; Persic, M. ; Moroni, P. G. Prada ; Prandini, E. ; Puljak, I. ; Garcia, J. R. ; Reichardt, I. ; Rhode, W. ; Riti, M. ; Rico, J. ; Saito, T. ; Satalecka, K. ; Schroeder, S. ; Schweizer, T. ; Shore, S. N. ; Sillanpaa, A. ; Sitarek, J. ; Sobczynskall, D. ; Stamerra, A. ; Strzys, M. ; Surie, T. ; Takalo, L. ; Tavecchio, F. ; Temnikov, P. ; Terzie, T. ; Tescaro, D. ; Teshima, M. ; Torres, D. F. ; Torres-Alla, N. ; Treves, A. ; Vanzo, G. ; Acosta, M. Vazquez ; Vovk, I. ; Ward, J. E. ; Will, M. ; Wu, M. H. ; Zarie, D. ; Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernlohr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Btichele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Dei, C. ; Devin, J. ; Dewilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Forster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Ftifiling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschal, D. ; Goya, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzyfiski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluiniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krtiger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitche, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; De Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ott, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pie, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Ptffilhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; De Los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Safi-Harb, S. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schtissler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; So, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; Van der Walt, D. J. ; Van Eldik, C. ; Van Rensburg, C. ; Van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Vok, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Wornlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywuckan, N.
Context. The large jet kinetic power and non-thermal processes occurring in the microquasar SS 433 make this source a good candidate for a very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitter. Gamma-ray fluxes above the sensitivity limits of current Cherenkov telescopes have been predicted for both the central X-ray binary system and the interaction regions of SS 433 jets with the surrounding W50 nebula. Non-thermal emission at lower energies has been previously reported, indicating that efficient particle acceleration is taking place in the system. Aims. We explore the capability of SS 433 to emit VHE gamma rays during periods in which the expected flux attenuation due to periodic eclipses (P-orb similar to 13.1 days) and precession of the circumstellar disk (P-pre similar to 162 days) periodically covering the central binary system is expected to be at its minimum. The eastern and western SS 433/W50 interaction regions are also examined using the whole data set available. We aim to constrain some theoretical models previously developed for this system with our observations. Methods. We made use of dedicated observations from the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC) and High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of SS 433 taken from 2006 to 2011. These observation were combined for the first time and accounted for a total effective observation time of 16.5 h, which were scheduled considering the expected phases of minimum absorption of the putative VHE emission. Gamma-ray attenuation does not affect the jet/medium interaction regions. In this case, the analysis of a larger data set amounting to similar to 40-80 h, depending on the region, was employed. Results. No evidence of VHE gamma-ray emission either from the central binary system or from the eastern/western interaction regions was found. Upper limits were computed for the combined data set. Differential fluxes from the central system are found to be less than or similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) in an energy interval ranging from similar to few x 100 GeV to similar to few TeV. Integral flux limits down to similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) ph cm(-2) s(-1) and similar to 10(-13)-10(-14) ph cm(-2) s(-1) are obtained at 300 and 800 GeV, respectively. Our results are used to place constraints on the particle acceleration fraction at the inner jet regions and on the physics of the jet/medium interactions. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the fraction of the jet kinetic power that is transferred to relativistic protons must be relatively small in SS 433, q(p) <= 2.5 x 10(-5), to explain the lack of TeV and neutrino emission from the central system. At the SS 433/W50 interface, the presence of magnetic fields greater than or similar to 10 mu G is derived assuming a synchrotron origin for the observed X-ray emission. This also implies the presence of high-energy electrons with E-e up to 50 TeV, preventing an efficient production of gamma-ray fluxes in these interaction regions.
Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Dumm, J. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Godambe, S. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Holder, J. ; Huan, H. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Imran, A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lee, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Ruppel, J. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Skole, C. ; Smith, A. W. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vivier, M. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Pfrommer, C. ; Pinzke, A.
Observations of radio halos and relics in galaxy clusters indicate efficient electron acceleration. Protons should likewise be accelerated and, on account of weak energy losses, can accumulate, suggesting that clusters may also be sources of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission. We report here on VHE gamma-ray observations of the Coma galaxy cluster with the VERITAS array of imaging Cerenkov telescopes, with complementing Fermi Large Area Telescope observations at GeV energies. No significant gamma-ray emission from the Coma Cluster was detected. Integral flux upper limits at the 99% confidence level were measured to be on the order of (2-5) x 10(-8) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (VERITAS, >220 GeV) and similar to 2 x 10(-6) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (Fermi, 1-3GeV), respectively. We use the gamma-ray upper limits to constrain cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in Coma. Using an analytical approach, the CR-to-thermal pressure ratio is constrained to be < 16% from VERITAS data and <1.7% from Fermi data (averaged within the virial radius). These upper limits are starting to constrain the CR physics in self-consistent cosmological cluster simulations and cap the maximum CR acceleration efficiency at structure formation shocks to be <50%. Alternatively, this may argue for non-negligible CR transport processes such as CR streaming and diffusion into the outer cluster regions. Assuming that the radio-emitting electrons of the Coma halo result from hadronic CR interactions, the observations imply a lower limit on the central magnetic field in Coma of similar to(2-5.5) mu G, depending on the radial magnetic field profile and on the gamma-ray spectral index. Since these values are below those inferred by Faraday rotation measurements in Coma (for most of the parameter space), this renders the hadronic model a very plausible explanation of the Coma radio halo. Finally, since galaxy clusters are dark matter (DM) dominated, the VERITAS upper limits have been used to place constraints on the thermally averaged product of the total self-annihilation cross section and the relative velocity of the DM particles, <sigma nu >.
Abramowski, Attila ; Acero, F. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Anton, Gisela ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Brucker, J. ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Cheesebrough, A. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Dalton, M. ; Daniel, M. K. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Drury, L. O'C. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Gast, H. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Goering, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hague, J. D. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, Markus ; Horns, D. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kneiske, T. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P. ; Lennarz, D. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C-C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Medina, M. C. ; Mehault, J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Naumann, C. L. ; de Naurois, M. ; Nedbal, D. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Ohm, S. ; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perez, J. ; Petrucci, P-O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Raue, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Rob, L. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spengler, G. ; Spiess, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Szostek, A. ; Tavernet, J-P. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, C. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H-S.
Axionlike particles (ALPs) are hypothetical light (sub-eV) bosons predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics. In astrophysical environments comprising high-energy gamma rays and turbulent magnetic fields, the existence of ALPs can modify the energy spectrum of the gamma rays for a sufficiently large coupling between ALPs and photons. This modification would take the form of an irregular behavior of the energy spectrum in a limited energy range. Data from the H. E. S. S. observations of the distant BL Lac object PKS 2155 - 304 (z = 0.116) are used to derive upper limits at the 95% C. L. on the strength of the ALP coupling to photons, g(gamma a) < 2.1 x 10(-11) GeV-1 for an ALP mass between 15 and 60 neV. The results depend on assumptions on the magnetic field around the source, which are chosen conservatively. The derived constraints apply to both light pseudoscalar and scalar bosons that couple to the electromagnetic field.
Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Backes, Michael ; Balenderan, Shangkari ; Balzer, Arnim ; Barnacka, Anna ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carrigan, Svenja ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chadwick, Paula M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Djannati-Ataï, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Harris, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Holler, Margitte ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jahn, C. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kaufmann, S. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C. -C. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, Michael ; McComb, T. J. L. ; Mehault, J. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Nolan, S. J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwarzburg, S. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Valerius, K. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Volpe, F. ; Vorster, M. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Ward, M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zechlin, H. -S.
An annihilation signal of dark matter is searched for from the central region of the Milky Way. Data acquired in dedicated on-off observations of the Galactic center region with H.E.S.S. are analyzed for this purpose. No significant signal is found in a total of similar to 9 h of on-off observations. Upper limits on the velocity averaged cross section, <sigma upsilon >, for the annihilation of dark matter particles with masses in the range of similar to 300 GeV to similar to 10 TeV are derived. In contrast to previous constraints derived from observations of the Galactic center region, the constraints that are derived here apply also under the assumption of a central core of constant dark matter density around the center of the Galaxy. Values of <sigma upsilon > that are larger than 3 x 10(-24) cm(3)/s are excluded for dark matter particles with masses between similar to 1 and similar to 4 TeV at 95% C.L. if the radius of the central dark matter density core does not exceed 500 pc. This is the strongest constraint that is derived on <sigma upsilon > for annihilating TeV mass dark matter without the assumption of a centrally cusped dark matter density distribution in the search region.
Abdalla, H. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernlorhr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Bottcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Er, M. Kie Ff ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krayzel, F. ; Kruger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, E. ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schussler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Ert, Ff ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian Michael ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
Studying the temporal variability of BL Lac objects at the highest energies provides unique insights into the extreme physical processes occurring in relativistic jets and in the vicinity of super-massive black holes. To this end, the long-term variability of the BL Lac object PKS 2155 304 is analyzed in the high (HE, 100MeV < E < 300 GeV) and very high energy (VHE, E > 200 GeV) gamma-ray domain. Over the course of similar to 9 yr of H. E. S. S. observations the VHE light curve in the quiescent state is consistent with a log-normal behavior. The VHE variability in this state is well described by flicker noise (power-spectral-density index beta(VHE) = 1 .10(+ 0 : 10) (0 : 13)) on timescales larger than one day. An analysis of similar to 5.5 yr of HE Fermi-LAT data gives consistent results (beta(HE) = 1 : 20(+ 0 : 21) (0 : 23), on timescales larger than 10 days) compatible with the VHE findings. The HE and VHE power spectral densities show a scale invariance across the probed time ranges. A direct linear correlation between the VHE and HE fluxes could neither be excluded nor firmly established. These long-term-variability properties are discussed and compared to the red noise behavior (beta similar to 2) seen on shorter timescales during VHE-flaring states. The difference in power spectral noise behavior at VHE energies during quiescent and flaring states provides evidence that these states are influenced by different physical processes, while the compatibility of the HE and VHE long-term results is suggestive of a common physical link as it might be introduced by an underlying jet-disk connection.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Rauth, R. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Walt, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venters, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
The diffuse very high-energy (VHE; > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission observed in the central 200 pc of the Milky Way by H.E.S.S. was found to follow dense matter distribution in the central molecular zone (CMZ) up to a longitudinal distance of about 130 pc to the Galactic centre (GC), where the flux rapidly decreases. This was initially interpreted as the result of a burst-like injection of energetic particles 104 yr ago, but a recent more sensitive H.E.S.S. analysis revealed that the cosmic-ray (CR) density profile drops with the distance to the centre, making data compatible with a steady cosmic PeVatron at the GC. In this paper, we extend this analysis to obtain, for the first time, a detailed characterisation of the correlation with matter and to search for additional features and individual gamma-ray sources in the inner 200 pc. Taking advantage of 250 h of H.E.S.S. data and improved analysis techniques, we perform a detailed morphology study of the diffuse VHE emission observed from the GC ridge and reconstruct its total spectrum. To test the various contributions to the total gamma-ray emission, we used an iterative 2D maximum-likelihood approach that allows us to build a phenomenological model of the emission by summing a number of different spatial components. We show that the emission correlated with dense matter covers the full CMZ and that its flux is about half the total diffuse emission flux. We also detect some emission at higher latitude that is likely produced by hadronic collisions of CRs in less dense regions of the GC interstellar medium. We detect an additional emission component centred on the GC and extending over about 15 pc that is consistent with the existence of a strong CR density gradient and confirms the presence of a CR accelerator at the very centre of our Galaxy. We show that the spectrum of full ridge diffuse emission is compatible with that previously derived from the central regions, suggesting that a single population of particles fills the entire CMZ. Finally, we report the discovery of a VHE gamma-ray source near the GC radio arc and argue that it is produced by the pulsar wind nebula candidate G0.13-0.11.
Abramowski, Attila ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, Faical Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan ; Backes, Michael ; Balzer, Arnim ; Becherini, Yvonne ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, David ; Bernhard, Sabrina ; Bernlöhr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Boisson, Catherine ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, Johan ; Brun, Francois ; Brun, Pierre ; Bryan, Mark ; Bulik, Tomasz ; Carr, John ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, Ryan C. G. ; Chen, Andrew ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, Sergio ; Cologna, Gabriele ; Conrad, Jan ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Djannati-Ata, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J-P. ; Espigat, P. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Feinstein, F. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fernandez, D. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M-H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Haeffner, S. ; Hahn, J. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, James Anthony ; Hofmann, W. ; Hofverberg, P. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J-P. ; Lohse, T. ; Lopatin, A. ; Lu, C-C. ; Lui, R. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Opitz, B. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P-O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reichardt, I. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, David M. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, Iurii ; Tavernet, J-P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; Valerius, K. ; van der Walt, J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; Weidinger, M. ; Weitzel, Q. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Zywucka, N.
Galactic cosmic rays reach energies of at least a few petaelectronvolts (of the order of 1015 electronvolts). This implies that our Galaxy contains petaelectronvolt accelerators (‘PeVatrons’), but all proposed models of Galactic cosmic-ray accelerators encounter difficulties at exactly these energies. Dozens of Galactic accelerators capable of accelerating particles to energies of tens of teraelectronvolts (of the order of 1013 electronvolts) were inferred from recent γ-ray observations3. However, none of the currently known accelerators—not even the handful of shell-type supernova remnants commonly believed to supply most Galactic cosmic rays—has shown the characteristic tracers of petaelectronvolt particles, namely, power-law spectra of γ-rays extending without a cut-off or a spectral break to tens of teraelectronvolts4. Here we report deep γ-ray observations with arcminute angular resolution of the region surrounding the Galactic Centre, which show the expected tracer of the presence of petaelectronvolt protons within the central 10 parsecs of the Galaxy. We propose that the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* is linked to this PeVatron. Sagittarius A* went through active phases in the past, as demonstrated by X-ray outbursts5and an outflow from the Galactic Centre6. Although its current rate of particle acceleration is not sufficient to provide a substantial contribution to Galactic cosmic rays, Sagittarius A* could have plausibly been more active over the last 106–107 years, and therefore should be considered as a viable alternative to supernova remnants as a source of petaelectronvolt Galactic cosmic rays.
Aliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Behera, B. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Duke, C. ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, M. ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Theiling, M. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zitzer, B.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Anguenee, E. O. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Birsin, E. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Chadwick, P. M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chalme-Calvet, R. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Chretien, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Couturier, C. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; deWilt, P. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dubus, G. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Dyrda, M. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goya, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Grudzinska, M. ; Hadasch, D. ; Hahn, J. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hillert, A. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; Kieffer, M. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krayzel, F. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Menzler, U. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitchell, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Arribas, M. Paz ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Pita, S. ; Poona, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rosier-Lees, S. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stinzing, F. ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tuffs, R. ; van der Walt, J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venters, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N.
Context. Microquasars are potential gamma-ray emitters. Indications of transient episodes of gamma-ray emission were recently reported in at least two systems: Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3. The identification of additional gamma-ray-emitting microquasars is required to better understand how gamma-ray emission can be produced in these systems. Aims. Theoretical models have predicted very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from microquasars during periods of transient outburst. Observations reported herein were undertaken with the objective of observing a broadband flaring event in the gamma-ray and X-ray bands. Methods. Contemporaneous observations of three microquasars, GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, were obtained using the High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) telescope array and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite. X-ray analyses for each microquasar were performed and VHE gamma-ray upper limits from contemporaneous H.E.S.S. observations were derived. Results. No significant gamma-ray signal has been detected in any of the three systems. The integral gamma-ray photon flux at the observational epochs is constrained to be I(>560 GeV) < 7.3 x 10(-13) cm(-2) S-1, I(>560 GeV) < 1.2 x 10-(12) cm s(-1), and I(>240 GeV) < 4.5 x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1) for GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, respectively. Conclusions. The gamma-ray upper limits obtained using H.E.S.S. are examined in the context of previous Cherenkov telescope observations of microquasars. The effect of intrinsic absorption is modelled for each target and found to have negligible impact on the flux of escaping gamma-rays. When combined with the X-ray behaviour observed using RXTE, the derived results indicate that if detectable VHE gamma-ray emission from microquasars is commonplace, then it is likely to be highly transient.
Aliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Archer, A. ; Aune, T. ; Barnacka, Anna ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Dumm, J. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Kansson, N. H. A. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kar, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lyutikov, M. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Pohl, Manuela ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Santander, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zitzer, B.
We present the results of 71.6 hr of observations of the Geminga pulsar (PSR J0633+1746) with the VERITAS very-high-energy gamma-ray telescope array. Data taken with VERITAS between 2007 November and 2013 February were phase-folded using a Geminga pulsar timing solution derived from data recorded by the XMM-Newton and Fermi-LAT space telescopes. No significant pulsed emission above 100 GeV is observed, and we report upper limits at the 95% confidence level on the integral flux above 135 GeV (spectral analysis threshold) of 4.0x10(-13) s(-1) cm(-2) and 1.7 x 10(-13) s(-1) cm(-2) for the two principal peaks in the emission profile. These upper limits, placed in context with phase-resolved spectral energy distributions determined from 5 yr of data from the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT), constrain possible hardening of the Geminga pulsar emission spectra above similar to 50 GeV.
Abdalla, Hassan E. ; Abramowski, A. ; Aharonian, Felix A. ; Benkhali, F. Ait ; Akhperjanian, A. G. ; Andersson, T. ; Anguener, E. O. ; Arakawa, M. ; Arrieta, M. ; Aubert, P. ; Backes, M. ; Balzer, A. ; Barnard, M. ; Becherini, Y. ; Tjus, J. Becker ; Berge, D. ; Bernhard, S. ; Bernloehr, K. ; Blackwell, R. ; Boettcher, M. ; Boisson, C. ; Bolmont, J. ; Bonnefoy, S. ; Bordas, Pol ; Bregeon, J. ; Brun, F. ; Brun, P. ; Bryan, M. ; Buechele, M. ; Bulik, T. ; Capasso, M. ; Carr, J. ; Casanova, Sabrina ; Cerruti, M. ; Chakraborty, N. ; Chaves, R. C. G. ; Chen, A. ; Chevalier, J. ; Coffaro, M. ; Colafrancesco, S. ; Cologna, G. ; Condon, B. ; Conrad, J. ; Cui, Y. ; Davids, I. D. ; Decock, J. ; Degrange, B. ; Deil, C. ; Devin, J. ; deWilt, P. ; Dirson, L. ; Djannati-Atai, A. ; Domainko, W. ; Donath, A. ; Dutson, K. ; Dyks, J. ; Edwards, T. ; Egberts, Kathrin ; Eger, P. ; Ernenwein, J. -P. ; Eschbach, S. ; Farnier, C. ; Fegan, S. ; Fernandes, M. V. ; Fiasson, A. ; Fontaine, G. ; Foerster, A. ; Funk, S. ; Fuessling, M. ; Gabici, S. ; Gajdus, M. ; Gallant, Y. A. ; Garrigoux, T. ; Giavitto, G. ; Giebels, B. ; Glicenstein, J. F. ; Gottschall, D. ; Goyal, A. ; Grondin, M. -H. ; Hahn, J. ; Haupt, M. ; Hawkes, J. ; Heinzelmann, G. ; Henri, G. ; Hermann, G. ; Hervet, O. ; Hinton, J. A. ; Hofmann, W. ; Hoischen, Clemens ; Holch, T. L. ; Holler, M. ; Horns, D. ; Ivascenko, A. ; Iwasaki, H. ; Jacholkowska, A. ; Jamrozy, M. ; Janiak, M. ; Jankowsky, D. ; Jankowsky, F. ; Jingo, M. ; Jogler, T. ; Jouvin, L. ; Jung-Richardt, I. ; Kastendieck, M. A. ; Katarzynski, K. ; Katsuragawa, M. ; Katz, U. ; Kerszberg, D. ; Khangulyan, D. ; Khelifi, B. ; King, J. ; Klepser, S. ; Klochkov, D. ; Kluzniak, W. ; Kolitzus, D. ; Komin, Nu. ; Kosack, K. ; Krakau, S. ; Kraus, M. ; Krueger, P. P. ; Laffon, H. ; Lamanna, G. ; Lau, J. ; Lees, J. -P. ; Lefaucheur, J. ; Lefranc, V. ; Lemiere, A. ; Lemoine-Goumard, M. ; Lenain, J. -P. ; Leser, Eva ; Lohse, T. ; Lorentz, M. ; Liu, R. ; Lopez-Coto, R. ; Lypova, I. ; Marandon, V. ; Marcowith, Alexandre ; Mariaud, C. ; Marx, R. ; Maurin, G. ; Maxted, N. ; Mayer, M. ; Meintjes, P. J. ; Meyer, M. ; Mitche, A. M. W. ; Moderski, R. ; Mohamed, M. ; Mohrmann, L. ; Mora, K. ; Moulin, Emmanuel ; Murach, T. ; Nakashima, S. ; de Naurois, M. ; Niederwanger, F. ; Niemiec, J. ; Oakes, L. ; Odaka, H. ; Oettl, S. ; Ohm, S. ; Ostrowski, M. ; Oya, I. ; Padovani, M. ; Panter, M. ; Parsons, R. D. ; Pekeur, N. W. ; Pelletier, G. ; Perennes, C. ; Petrucci, P. -O. ; Peyaud, B. ; Piel, Q. ; Pita, S. ; Poon, H. ; Prokhorov, D. ; Prokoph, H. ; Puehlhofer, G. ; Punch, M. ; Quirrenbach, A. ; Raab, S. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, O. ; Renaud, M. ; de los Reyes, R. ; Richter, S. ; Rieger, F. ; Romoli, C. ; Rowell, G. ; Rudak, B. ; Rulten, C. B. ; Sahakian, V. ; Saito, S. ; Salek, D. ; Sanchez, D. A. ; Santangelo, Andrea ; Sasaki, M. ; Schlickeiser, R. ; Schuessler, F. ; Schulz, A. ; Schwanke, U. ; Schwemmer, S. ; Seglar-Arroyo, M. ; Settimo, M. ; Seyffert, A. S. ; Shafi, N. ; Shilon, I. ; Simoni, R. ; Sol, H. ; Spanier, F. ; Spengler, G. ; Spies, F. ; Stawarz, L. ; Steenkamp, R. ; Stegmann, Christian ; Stycz, K. ; Sushch, I. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tavernet, J. -P. ; Tavernier, T. ; Taylor, A. M. ; Terrier, R. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tiziani, D. ; Tluczykont, M. ; Trichard, C. ; Tsuji, N. ; Tuffs, R. ; Uchiyama, Y. ; van der Wale, D. J. ; van Eldik, C. ; van Rensburg, C. ; van Soelen, B. ; Vasileiadis, G. ; Veh, J. ; Venter, C. ; Viana, A. ; Vincent, P. ; Vink, J. ; Voisin, F. ; Voelk, H. J. ; Vuillaume, T. ; Wadiasingh, Z. ; Wagner, S. J. ; Wagner, P. ; Wagner, R. M. ; White, R. ; Wierzcholska, A. ; Willmann, P. ; Woernlein, A. ; Wouters, D. ; Yang, R. ; Zabalza, V. ; Zaborov, D. ; Zacharias, M. ; Zanin, R. ; Zdziarski, A. A. ; Zech, Alraune ; Zefi, F. ; Ziegler, A. ; Zywucka, N. ; Bamba, A. ; Fukui, Y. ; Sano, H. ; Yoshiike, S.
A search for new supernova remnants (SNRs) has been conducted using TeV gamma-ray data from the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey. As an identification criterion, shell morphologies that are characteristic for known resolved TeV SNRs have been used. Three new SNR candidates were identified in the H.E.S.S. data set with this method. Extensive multiwavelength searches for counterparts were conducted. A radio SNR candidate has been identified to be a counterpart to HESS J1534-571. The TeV source is therefore classified as a SNR. For the other two sources, HESS J1614-518 and HESS J1912 + 101, no identifying counterparts have been found, thus they remain SNR candidates for the time being. TeV-emitting SNRs are key objects in the context of identifying the accelerators of Galactic cosmic rays. The TeV emission of the relativistic particles in the new sources is examined in view of possible leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios, taking the current multiwavelength knowledge into account.
A search for enhanced very high energy GAMMA-RAY emission from the 2013 march crab nebula flare
(2014)
Aliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Aune, T. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lyutikov, M. ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, M. ; Popkow, A. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Sheidaei, F. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Theiling, M. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zitzer, B.
In 2013 March, a flaring episode from the Crab Nebula lasting similar to 2 weeks was detected by Fermi-LAT (Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope). The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) provides simultaneous observations throughout this period. During the flare, Fermi-LAT detected a 20 fold increase in flux above the average synchrotron flux >100 MeV seen from the Crab Nebula. Simultaneous measurements with VERITAS are consistent with the non-variable long-term average Crab Nebula flux at TeV energies. Assuming a linear correlation between the very high energy flux change >1 TeV and the flux change seen in the Fermi-LAT band >100 MeV during the period of simultaneous observations, the linear correlation factor can be constrained to be at most 8.6 x 10(-3) with 95% confidence.