Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (47)
Author
- Fortson, L. (45)
- Moriarty, P. (45)
- Ragan, K. (45)
- Roache, E. (45)
- Sembroski, G. H. (45)
- Wakely, S. P. (45)
- Bugaev, V. (44)
- Falcone, A. (44)
- Holder, J. (44)
- Ong, R. A. (44)
- Reynolds, P. T. (44)
- Benbow, W. (43)
- Perkins, J. S. (43)
- Quinn, J. (43)
- Williams, D. A. (43)
- Ciupik, L. (42)
- Finley, J. P. (42)
- Gyuk, G. (42)
- Kaaret, P. (42)
- Kertzman, M. (42)
- Kieda, D. (42)
- Weinstein, A. (42)
- Furniss, A. (41)
- Griffin, S. (41)
- Grube, J. (41)
- Cui, W. (40)
- McCann, A. (40)
- Otte, A. N. (40)
- Varlotta, A. (40)
- Zitzer, B. (40)
- Buckley, J. H. (39)
- Hanna, D. (39)
- Krennrich, F. (39)
- Connolly, M. P. (38)
- Galante, N. (38)
- Humensky, T. B. (38)
- Lang, M. J. (38)
- Maier, G. (38)
- McArthur, S. (38)
- Park, N. (38)
- Beilicke, M. (37)
- Hughes, G. (36)
- Krawczynski, H. (36)
- Mukherjee, R. (36)
- Prokoph, H. (35)
- Reyes, L. C. (35)
- Staszak, D. (35)
- Aune, T. (34)
- Telezhinsky, Igor O. (34)
- Errando, M. (32)
- Feng, Q. (32)
- Theiling, M. (32)
- Gillanders, G. H. (31)
- Pohl, Martin (31)
- Khassen, Y. (30)
- Vincent, S. (30)
- Smith, A. W. (29)
- Bouvier, A. (28)
- Madhavan, A. S. (28)
- Majumdar, P. (28)
- Tyler, J. (28)
- Arlen, T. (27)
- Cesarini, A. (27)
- Weekes, T. C. (27)
- Welsing, R. (27)
- Aliu, E. (26)
- Dumm, J. (26)
- Archambault, S. (25)
- Byrum, K. (25)
- Gall, D. (25)
- Orr, M. (24)
- Vassiliev, V. V. (24)
- Bird, R. (23)
- Collins-Hughes, E. (23)
- Popkow, A. (23)
- Saxon, D. B. (23)
- Tesic, G. (22)
- Dickherber, R. (21)
- Cerruti, M. (20)
- Finnegan, G. (20)
- Godambe, S. (20)
- Richards, G. T. (20)
- Duke, C. (19)
- Karlsson, N. (19)
- Thibadeau, S. (19)
- Fortin, P. (18)
- Schroedter, M. (18)
- Berger, K. (17)
- Federici, Simone (17)
- Nieto, D. (17)
- Tsurusaki, K. (17)
- Vivier, M. (17)
- Cannon, A. (16)
- Ward, J. E. (16)
- Bradbury, S. M. (15)
- Pichel, A. (15)
- Tucci, J. V. (15)
- Griffiths, S. T. (14)
- Rose, H. J. (14)
- Skole, C. (14)
- Huan, H. (13)
- Kar, P. (13)
- Meagher, K. (13)
- Weisgarber, T. (13)
- Chen, Xuhui (12)
- Fleischhack, H. (12)
- Hui, C. M. (12)
- Millis, J. (12)
- Nelson, T. (12)
- Ruppel, J. (12)
- Johnson, C. A. (11)
- Pueschel, Elisa (11)
- Rajotte, J. (11)
- Shahinyan, K. (11)
- Wilhelm, Alina (11)
- Archer, A. (10)
- Behera, B. (10)
- Boettcher, Markus (10)
- Dickinson, H. J. (10)
- Eisch, J. D. (10)
- Kumar, S. (10)
- Pohl, M. (10)
- Sentuerk, G. D. (10)
- de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain (10)
- Barnacka, Anna (9)
- Cardenzana, J. V. (9)
- Hakansson, Nils (9)
- Lee, K. (9)
- Biteau, Jonathan (8)
- Pandel, D. (8)
- Paneque, D. (8)
- Federici, S. (7)
- Guenette, R. (7)
- Reimer, A. (7)
- Sheidaei, F. (7)
- Zajczyk, A. (7)
- Acciari, V. A. (6)
- Buchovecky, M. (6)
- Horan, D. (6)
- Santander, M. (6)
- Bordas, Pol (5)
- Buson, S. (5)
- Carosi, A. (5)
- Casanova, Sabrina (5)
- Christiansen, J. L. (5)
- Fumagalli, M. (5)
- Huetten, M. (5)
- Imran, A. (5)
- Kelley-Hoskins, N. (5)
- Klepser, S. (5)
- Krause, M. (5)
- LeBohec, S. (5)
- Max-Moerbeck, W. (5)
- Mayer, M. (5)
- Persic, M. (5)
- Reimer, O. (5)
- Rovero, A. C. (5)
- Stawarz, L. (5)
- Weiner, O. M. (5)
- Wilhelmi, E. de Ona (5)
- Wood, M. (5)
- Zanin, R. (5)
- Abeysekara, A. U. (4)
- Aharonian, Felix A. (4)
- Antonelli, L. A. (4)
- Antoranz, P. (4)
- Barrio, J. A. (4)
- Bednarek, W. (4)
- Bernardini, E. (4)
- Biland, A. (4)
- Bolmont, J. (4)
- Bonnoli, G. (4)
- Bretz, T. (4)
- Carrigan, Svenja (4)
- Ciprini, S. (4)
- Colin, P. (4)
- Colombo, E. (4)
- Conrad, Jan (4)
- Contreras, J. L. (4)
- Cortina, J. (4)
- Covino, S. (4)
- Cui, Wei (4)
- Daniel, M. K. (4)
- Davids, I. D. (4)
- Dazzi, F. (4)
- De Lotto, B. (4)
- Decerprit, G. (4)
- Deil, C. (4)
- Dominguez, A. (4)
- Dorner, D. (4)
- Doro, M. (4)
- Dyks, J. (4)
- Egberts, Kathrin (4)
- Elsaesser, D. (4)
- Farnier, C. (4)
- Fegan, S. (4)
- Fegan, S. J. (4)
- Fiasson, A. (4)
- Fonseca, M. V. (4)
- Font, L. (4)
- Fontaine, G. (4)
- Fuessling, M. (4)
- Gallant, Y. A. (4)
- Garczarczyk, M. (4)
- Giavitto, G. (4)
- Giroletti, M. (4)
- Glicenstein, J. F. (4)
- Gonzalez, J. Becerra (4)
- Gurwell, M. A. (4)
- Hadasch, D. (4)
- Heinzelmann, G. (4)
- Henri, G. (4)
- Hermann, G. (4)
- Hervet, O. (4)
- Hofmann, W. (4)
- Holler, M. (4)
- Horns, D. (4)
- Hose, J. (4)
- Hrupec, D. (4)
- Jacholkowska, A. (4)
- Jamrozy, M. (4)
- Kastendieck, M. A. (4)
- Katarzynski, K. (4)
- Katz, U. (4)
- Kaufmann, S. (4)
- Khelifi, B. (4)
- Klochkov, D. (4)
- Kluzniak, W. (4)
- Kosack, K. (4)
- Kovalev, Y. Y. (4)
- La Barbera, A. (4)
- Laffon, H. (4)
- Lahteenmaki, A. (4)
- Lamanna, G. (4)
- Lemoine-Goumard, M. (4)
- Lennarz, D. (4)
- Lindfors, E. (4)
- Lister, M. L. (4)
- Lohse, T. (4)
- Lombardi, S. (4)
- Lopez, M. (4)
- Lopez-Coto, R. (4)
- Maneva, G. (4)
- Mannheim, K. (4)
- Maraschi, L. (4)
- Marcowith, Alexandre (4)
- Mariotti, M. (4)
- Martinez, M. (4)
- Maxted, N. (4)
- Mazin, D. (4)
- McEnery, J. E. (4)
- Mehault, J. (4)
- Miranda, J. M. (4)
- Mirzoyan, R. (4)
- Moderski, R. (4)
- Moralejo, A. (4)
- Moroni, P. G. Prada (4)
- Moulin, Emmanuel (4)
- Niemiec, J. (4)
- Nilsson, K. (4)
- Ohm, S. (4)
- Ostrowski, M. (4)
- Oya, I. (4)
- Panter, M. (4)
- Paoletti, R. (4)
- Paredes, J. M. (4)
- Pelletier, G. (4)
- Pita, S. (4)
- Pohl, Manuela (4)
- Prandini, E. (4)
- Puehlhofer, G. (4)
- Puljak, I. (4)
- Punch, M. (4)
- Pushkarev, A. B. (4)
- Quirrenbach, A. (4)
- Renaud, M. (4)
- Rhode, W. (4)
- Ribo, M. (4)
- Richards, J. L. (4)
- Rico, J. (4)
- Rieger, F. (4)
- Rowell, G. (4)
- Rudak, B. (4)
- Rulten, C. B. (4)
- Santangelo, Andrea (4)
- Satalecka, K. (4)
- Schlickeiser, R. (4)
- Schultz, C. (4)
- Schulz, A. (4)
- Schwanke, U. (4)
- Schweizer, T. (4)
- Schwemmer, S. (4)
- Shore, S. N. (4)
- Sillanpaa, A. (4)
- Sitarek, J. (4)
- Smith, P. S. (4)
- Sobczynska, D. (4)
- Sol, H. (4)
- Spanier, F. (4)
- Stamerra, A. (4)
- Steenkamp, R. (4)
- Stegmann, Christian (4)
- Sushch, Iurii (4)
- Tavecchio, F. (4)
- Temnikov, P. (4)
- Terrier, R. (4)
- Terzic, T. (4)
- Tescaro, D. (4)
- Teshima, M. (4)
- Tluczykont, M. (4)
- Tornikoski, M. (4)
- Vasileiadis, G. (4)
- Venter, C. (4)
- Viana, A. (4)
- Vincent, P. (4)
- Voelk, H. J. (4)
- Wagner, S. J. (4)
- White, R. (4)
- Wierzcholska, A. (4)
- Zacharias, M. (4)
- Zdziarski, A. A. (4)
- Zech, Alraune (4)
- de Naurois, M. (4)
- de los Reyes, R. (4)
- van Eldik, C. (4)
- Abramowski, Attila (3)
- Akhperjanian, A. G. (3)
- Aleksic, J. (3)
- Aller, H. D. (3)
- Aller, M. F. (3)
- Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan (3)
- Anton, Gisela (3)
- Arribas, M. Paz (3)
- Balzer, Arnim (3)
- Bastieri, D. (3)
- Becherini, Yvonne (3)
- Berdyugin, A. (3)
- Bernlöhr, K. (3)
- Birsin, E. (3)
- Bissaldi, E. (3)
- Blanch Bigas, O. (3)
- Boisson, Catherine (3)
- Boller, A. (3)
- Bonnefoy, S. (3)
- Brucker, J. (3)
- Brun, Francois (3)
- Brun, Pierre (3)
- Buehler, R. (3)
- Bulik, Tomasz (3)
- Böttcher, Markus (3)
- Cameron, R. A. (3)
- Caraveo, P. A. (3)
- Carmona, E. (3)
- Cavazzuti, E. (3)
- Chadwick, Paula M. (3)
- Chaves, Ryan C. G. (3)
- Cheesebrough, A. (3)
- Chen, W. P. (3)
- Chen, X. (3)
- Cheung, C. C. (3)
- Cologna, Gabriele (3)
- Cutini, S. (3)
- Dalton, M. (3)
- De Angelis, A. (3)
- Degrange, B. (3)
- Djannati-Ataï, A. (3)
- Doert, M. (3)
- Domainko, W. (3)
- Dubus, G. (3)
- Dutson, K. (3)
- Dwarkadas, Vikram V. (3)
- Dyrda, M. (3)
- Edwards, T. (3)
- Eger, P. (3)
- Espigat, P. (3)
- Favuzzi, C. (3)
- Feinstein, F. (3)
- Fernandes, M. V. (3)
- Foerster, A. (3)
- Fruck, C. (3)
- Garrigoux, T. (3)
- Gaug, M. (3)
- Gerard, L. (3)
- Giebels, B. (3)
- Giordano, F. (3)
- Godinovic, N. (3)
- Grenier, I. A. (3)
- Haeffner, S. (3)
- Hahn, J. (3)
- Hayashida, M. (3)
- Hildebrand, D. (3)
- Hinton, James Anthony (3)
- Hofverberg, P. (3)
- Jahn, C. (3)
- Jankowsky, F. (3)
- Jogler, T. (3)
- Jung, I. (3)
- Kadler, M. (3)
- Kneiske, T. (3)
- Komin, Nu. (3)
- Koptelova, E. (3)
- Krakau, S. (3)
- Krause, J. (3)
- Kurtanidze, O. M. (3)
- Kurtanidze, S. O. (3)
- Kuss, M. (3)
- Larionov, V. M. (3)
- Larionova, E. G. (3)
- Latronico, L. (3)
- Lefaucheur, J. (3)
- Lelas, D. (3)
- Lin, T. T. Y. (3)
- Longo, F. (3)
- Lopatin, A. (3)
- Lorenz, E. (3)
- Lyutikov, M. (3)
- Makariev, M. (3)
- Mankuzhiyil, N. (3)
- Marandon, V. (3)
- Maurin, G. (3)
- Mazziotta, Mario Nicola (3)
- McComb, T. J. L. (3)
- Meyer, M. (3)
- Michelson, P. F. (3)
- Mohamed, M. (3)
- Moody, J. W. (3)
- Morozova, D. A. (3)
- Mukherjee, Reshmi (3)
- Murach, T. (3)
- Naumann, C. L. (3)
- Nikolashvili, M. G. (3)
- Nolan, S. J. (3)
- Nunez, P. D. (3)
- Nuss, E. (3)
- Oakes, L. (3)
- Opitz, B. (3)
- Orito, R. (3)
- Palatiello, M. (3)
- Parsons, R. D. (3)
- Pekeur, N. W. (3)
- Perri, M. (3)
- Petrashyk, A. (3)
- Peyaud, B. (3)
- Piron, F. (3)
- Prester, Dijana Dominis (3)
- Prochaska, J. X. (3)
- Raab, S. (3)
- Raino, S. (3)
- Raiteri, C. M. (3)
- Raue, M. (3)
- Readhead, A. C. S. (3)
- Reinthal, R. (3)
- Rob, L. (3)
- Rosier-Lees, S. (3)
- Rousselle, J. (3)
- Rulten, C. (3)
- Sadeh, I. (3)
- Sadun, A. C. (3)
- Sahakian, V. (3)
- Saito, K. (3)
- Sakamoto, T. (3)
- Sanchez, David M. (3)
- Scalzotto, V. (3)
- Scapin, V. (3)
- Schwarzburg, S. (3)
- Senturk, G. D. (3)
- Sgro, C. (3)
- Sigua, L. A. (3)
- Siskind, E. J. (3)
- Spengler, G. (3)
- Spinelli, P. (3)
- Steinke, B. (3)
- Stinzing, F. (3)
- Storz, J. (3)
- Stycz, K. (3)
- Suric, T. (3)
- Szostek, A. (3)
- Takalo, L. (3)
- Tibaldo, L. (3)
- Tibolla, O. (3)
- Tjus, J. Becker (3)
- Torres, D. F. (3)
- Treves, A. (3)
- Trichard, C. (3)
- Troitsky, I. S. (3)
- Valerius, K. (3)
- Villata, M. (3)
- Volpe, F. (3)
- Vorster, M. (3)
- Wagner, P. (3)
- Wagner, R. M. (3)
- Ward, M. (3)
- Weitzel, Q. (3)
- Wilcox, P. (3)
- Willmann, P. (3)
- Woernlein, A. (3)
- Wouters, D. (3)
- de Almeida, U. Barres (3)
- de Palma, F. (3)
- deWilt, P. (3)
- Acero, F. (2)
- Ackermann, Margit (2)
- Ajello, M. (2)
- Angelakis, E. (2)
- Ansoldi, S. (2)
- Arkharov, A. A. (2)
- Babic, A. (2)
- Backes, Michael (2)
- Baldini, L. (2)
- Balenderan, Shangkari (2)
- Bangale, P. (2)
- Barbiellini, G. (2)
- Baring, M. G. (2)
- Bellazzini, R. (2)
- Benbow, Wystan (2)
- Berenji, B. (2)
- Biasuzzi, B. (2)
- Bird, Ralph (2)
- Blandford, R. D. (2)
- Blinov, D. A. (2)
- Bock, R. K. (2)
- Borracci, F. (2)
- Braun, I. (2)
- Bregeon, Johan (2)
- Brose, Robert (2)
- Bruel, P. (2)
- Calcidese, P. (2)
- Caliandro, G. A. (2)
- Capalbi, M. (2)
- Carraminana, A. (2)
- Carrasco, L. (2)
- Cassaro, P. (2)
- Chalme-Calvet, R. (2)
- Charles, E. (2)
- Chen, Xiaoming (2)
- Chiang, J. (2)
- Chretien, M. (2)
- Claus, R. (2)
- Colafrancesco, Sergio (2)
- Couturier, C. (2)
- Da Vela, P. (2)
- Dermer, C. D. (2)
- Di Venere, L. (2)
- Drell, P. S. (2)
- Drury, L. O'C. (2)
- Efimova, N. V. (2)
- Einecke, S. (2)
- Errando, Manel (2)
- Fegan, D. J. (2)
- Feng, Qi (2)
- Ferenc, D. (2)
- Fernandez, D. (2)
- Finke, J. (2)
- Finley, John P. (2)
- Flinders, A. (2)
- Frantzen, K. (2)
- Fuhrmann, L. (2)
- Funk, S. (2)
- Furniss, Amy (2)
- Fusco, P. (2)
- Gajdus, M. (2)
- Galindo, D. (2)
- Gargano, F. (2)
- Gasparrini, D. (2)
- Gast, H. (2)
- Gibbs, K. (2)
- Giglietto, N. (2)
- Goering, D. (2)
- Gonzalez Munoz, A. (2)
- Gotthelf, E. V. (2)
- Grudzinska, M. (2)
- Guillemot, L. (2)
- Guiriec, S. (2)
- Hague, J. D. (2)
- Hanabata, Y. (2)
- Hanna, David (2)
- Harris, J. (2)
- Herrera, J. (2)
- Herrero, A. (2)
- Hillert, A. (2)
- Hoehne-Moench, D. (2)
- Hovatta, T. (2)
- Idec, W. (2)
- Janiak, M. (2)
- Johannesson, G. (2)
- Johnson, Caitlin A. (2)
- Jorstad, S. G. (2)
- Kaaret, Philip (2)
- Kaplan, K. (2)
- Khangulyan, D. (2)
- Kieda, David (2)
- Kieffer, M. (2)
- Kimeridze, G. N. (2)
- Kodani, K. (2)
- Kolitzus, D. (2)
- Konno, Y. (2)
- Kopatskaya, E. N. (2)
- Kovalev, Yu. A. (2)
- Kraehenbuehl, T. (2)
- Krayzel, F. (2)
- Krichbaum, T. P. (2)
- Krimm, H. A. (2)
- Krueger, P. P. (2)
- Kubo, H. (2)
- Kushida, J. (2)
- Larionova, L. V. (2)
- Lemiere, A. (2)
- Leonardo, E. (2)
- Ligustri, R. (2)
- Loparco, F. (2)
- Lopez, R. J. Garcia (2)
- Lovellette, M. N. (2)
- Lu, C. -C. (2)
- Lubrano, P. (2)
- Maccaferri, G. (2)
- Madejski, G. M. (2)
- Mallot, K. (2)
- Marcote, B. (2)
- Marscher, A. P. (2)
- Marx, R. (2)
- McCutcheon, M. (2)
- Medina, M. C. (2)
- Mendez, C. Delgado (2)
- Menzel, U. (2)
- Menzler, U. (2)
- Meucci, M. (2)
- Mitthumsiri, W. (2)
- Miyamoto, H. (2)
- Mizuno, T. (2)
- Moldon, J. (2)
- Monzani, M. E. (2)
- Mori, Y. (2)
- Morselli, Aldo (2)
- Murgia, S. (2)
- Nakajima, D. (2)
- Naumann-Godo, M. (2)
- Nedbal, D. (2)
- Nestoras, I. (2)
- Niedzwiecki, A. (2)
- Nieto, Daniel (2)
- Nishijima, K. (2)
- Noda, K. (2)
- Norris, J. P. (2)
- Ohsugi, T. (2)
- Ojha, R. (2)
- Orienti, M. (2)
- Orlando, E. (2)
- Orlati, A. (2)
- Ormes, J. F. (2)
- Otte, N. (2)
- Overkemping, A. (2)
- Pace, C. (2)
- Pagani, C. (2)
- Paiano, S. (2)
- Paredes-Fortuny, X. (2)
- Partini, S. (2)
- Pasanen, M. (2)
- Pauss, F. (2)
- Pearson, R. (2)
- Pedaletti, G. (2)
- Pelassa, V. (2)
- Perez, J. (2)
- Perez-Torres, M. A. (2)
- Perkins, J. (2)
- Perkins, Jeremy S. (2)
- Petrucci, P. -O. (2)
- Pochon, J. (2)
- Poon, H. (2)
- Prada, F. (2)
- Ratliff, G. (2)
- Razzano, M. (2)
- Readhead, A. (2)
- Reichardt, I. (2)
- Reimer, Olaf (2)
- Richards, Gregory T. (2)
- Ripken, J. (2)
- Ritz, S. (2)
- Romoli, C. (2)
- Ros, E. (2)
- Ruegamer, S. (2)
- Saggion, A. (2)
- Saito, T. (2)
- Saito, T. Y. (2)
- Salvati, M. (2)
- Schuessler, F. (2)
- Shahinyan, Karlen (2)
- Shayduk, M. (2)
- Slane, P. (2)
- Snidaric, I. (2)
- Sokolovsky, K. V. (2)
- Spiro, S. (2)
- Steinbring, T. (2)
- Strah, N. (2)
- Stroh, M. (2)
- Strzys, M. (2)
- Suson, D. J. (2)
- Swordy, S. P. (2)
- Takahashi, H. (2)
- Takahashi, T. (2)
- Takami, H. (2)
- Tavernet, J. -P. (2)
- Tavernier, T. (2)
- Taylor, A. M. (2)
- Terrats, D. Garrido (2)
- Thaele, J. (2)
- Thayer, J. B. (2)
- Toyama, T. (2)
- Tridon, D. Borla (2)
- Uchiyama, Y. (2)
- Vankov, H. (2)
- Vogler, P. (2)
- Wagner, R. G. (2)
- Walker, R. C. (2)
- Wehrle, A. E. (2)
- Weidinger, M. (2)
- Wells, R. M. (2)
- Yatsu, Y. (2)
- Zabalza, V. (2)
- Zandanel, F. (2)
- Zechlin, H. -S. (2)
- Zensus, J. A. (2)
- Zook, A. (2)
- de Angelis, A. (2)
- de la Fuente, E. (2)
- Abdalla, Hassan E. (1)
- Abdo, A. A. (1)
- Abdollahi, S. (1)
- Abramowski, A. (1)
- Ahnen, M. L. (1)
- Ajello, Marco (1)
- Albert, A. (1)
- Alfaro, R. (1)
- Allafort, A. J. (1)
- Alvarez, C. (1)
- Alvarez, J. D. (1)
- Arakawa, M. (1)
- Araya, M. (1)
- Arceo, R. (1)
- Armand, C. (1)
- Arrieta, M. (1)
- Arroyo, M. Seglar (1)
- Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C. (1)
- Ayala Solares, H. A. (1)
- Backes, M. (1)
- Baldini, Luca (1)
- Ballet, J. (1)
- Balzer, A. (1)
- Banerjee, B. (1)
- Barnard, M. (1)
- Bastieri, Denis (1)
- Becerra Gonzalez, J. (1)
- Becerril, A. (1)
- Becherini, Y. (1)
- Bechtol, K. C. (1)
- Becker, J. (1)
- Bellazzini, Ronaldo (1)
- Belmont-Moreno, E. (1)
- Beloborodov, Andrei (1)
- BenZvi, S. Y. (1)
- Benkhali, F. Ait (1)
- Benkhali, Faical Ait (1)
- Berge, D. (1)
- Bernal, A. (1)
- Bernhard, S. (1)
- Bernloehr, K. (1)
- Berti, A. (1)
- Bissaldi, Elisabetta (1)
- Blackwell, R. (1)
- Blanch, O. (1)
- Bloom, E. D. (1)
- Bochow, A. (1)
- Boisson, C. (1)
- Boltuch, D. (1)
- Bonamente, E. (1)
- Bonino, R. (1)
- Borgland, A. W. (1)
- Bosch-Ramon, Valentin (1)
- Bose, D. (1)
- Bottacini, E. (1)
- Bottcher, M. (1)
- Brandt, T. J. (1)
- Brandt, Terri J. (1)
- Braun, J. (1)
- Bregeon, J. (1)
- Brez, A. (1)
- Brigida, M. (1)
- Brisbois, C. (1)
- Brun, F. (1)
- Brun, P. (1)
- Bryan, M. (1)
- Buechele, M. (1)
- Buesching, I. (1)
- Bulik, T. (1)
- Caballero-Mora, K. S. (1)
- Camara, M. (1)
- Canellas, A. (1)
- Capasso, M. (1)
- Capistran, T. (1)
- Caputo, R. (1)
- Cara, M. (1)
- Caroff, S. (1)
- Carraminyana, A. (1)
- Carter-Lewis, D. A. (1)
- Casadio, C. (1)
- Casandjian, J. M. (1)
- Castillo, M. (1)
- Castro, D. (1)
- Cecchi, C. (1)
- Celik, O. (1)
- Chakraborty, N. (1)
- Charbonnier, A. (1)
- Charles, Eric (1)
- Chatterjee, A. (1)
- Chaves, R. C. G. (1)
- Chekhtman, A. (1)
- Chen, A. (1)
- Chen, W. (1)
- Chevalier, J. (1)
- Chiaro, G. (1)
- Chigladze, R. A. (1)
- Chromey, A. J. (1)
- Cillis, A. N. (1)
- Clapson, A. C. (1)
- Clavero, R. (1)
- Cohen-Tanugi, J. (1)
- Cohen-Tanugi, Johann (1)
- Coignet, G. (1)
- Colafrancesco, S. (1)
- Condon, B. (1)
- Connaughton, V. (1)
- Conrad, J. (1)
- Coppi, P. (1)
- Cossio, L. (1)
- Costantin, D. (1)
- Cotti, U. (1)
- Cotzomi, J. (1)
- Coutino de Leon, S. (1)
- Davies, F. (1)
- De Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain (1)
- De Caneva, G. (1)
- De Cea del Pozo, E. (1)
- De Leon, C. (1)
- De Maria, M. (1)
- De Sabata, F. (1)
- De la Fuente, E. (1)
- Decock, J. (1)
- Delgado Mendez, C. (1)
- Devin, J. (1)
- Di Lalla, N. (1)
- Di Mauro, M. (1)
- Di Pierro, F. (1)
- Diago Ortega, A. (1)
- Diaz-Velez, J. C. (1)
- Dichiara, S. (1)
- Digel, S. W. (1)
- Dingus, B. L. (1)
- Dirson, L. (1)
- Djannati-Atai, A. (1)
- Doi, A. (1)
- Donath, A. (1)
- DuVernois, M. A. (1)
- Dubois, R. (1)
- Dumora, D. (1)
- Edwards, P. G. (1)
- Eisenacher, D. (1)
- Emery, G. (1)
- Engel, K. (1)
- Engelkemeier, M. (1)
- Enriquez-Rivera, O. (1)
- Ernenwein, J-P (1)
- Eschbach, S. (1)
- Fallon, L. (1)
- Faolain (1)
- Federici, Stefania (1)
- Fernandes, M. (1)
- Fernandez-Barral, A. (1)
- Ferrara, E. C. (1)
- Ferrer, F. (1)
- Fidalgo, D. (1)
- Fiorino, D. W. (1)
- Focke, W. B. (1)
- Fraija, N. (1)
- Frailis, M. (1)
- Franckowiak, A. (1)
- Franckowiak, Anna (1)
- Fukazawa, Y. (1)
- Fukazawa, Yasushi (1)
- Funk, Stefan (1)
- Fusco, Piergiorgio (1)
- Gabici, S. (1)
- Gaidos, J. (1)
- Garcia Lopez, R. J. (1)
- Garcia, J. Rodriguez (1)
- Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A. (1)
- Garfias, F. (1)
- Gargano, Fabio (1)
- Garrido, D. (1)
- Garson, A. III. (1)
- Gasparrini, Dario (1)
- Gate, F. (1)
- Gehrels, N. (1)
- Gerbig, D. (1)
- Germani, S. (1)
- Giammaria, P. (1)
- Giglietto, Nicola (1)
- Gillanders, Gerard H. (1)
- Giovannini, G. (1)
- Giroletti, Marcello (1)
- Glanzman, T. (1)
- Glawion, D. (1)
- Glawion, D. Eisenacher (1)
- Glueck, B. (1)
- Godfrey, G. (1)
- Godinovi, N. (1)
- Gonzalez, M. M. (1)
- Goodman, J. A. (1)
- Gora, D. (1)
- Goret, P. (1)
- Gottschall, D. (1)
- Gozzini, S. R. (1)
- Green, D. (1)
- Greus, F. Salesa (1)
- Grishina, T. S. (1)
- Grondin, M-H (1)
- Grondin, M-H. (1)
- Grondin, M. -H. (1)
- Guberman, D. (1)
- Guiriec, Sylvain (1)
- Gusbar, C. (1)
- Hada, K. (1)
- Haefner, D. (1)
- Hagen-Thorn, V. A. (1)
- Hahn, A. (1)
- Hakansson, N. (1)
- Halpern, J. P. (1)
- Hampel-Arias, Z. (1)
- Hampf, D. (1)
- Hardee, P. (1)
- Harding, J. P. (1)
- Harris, D. E. (1)
- Haupt, M. (1)
- Hauser, M. (1)
- Hawkes, J. (1)
- Hawkins, K. (1)
- Hays, E. (1)
- Hays, Elizabeth (1)
- Heinz, S. (1)
- Hernandez, S. (1)
- Hernandez-Almada, A. (1)
- Hewitt, John W. (1)
- Hinton, J. A. (1)
- Hivick, B. (1)
- Hoffmann, A. (1)
- Hoischen, Clemens (1)
- Holch, T. L. (1)
- Hona, B. (1)
- Huang, D. (1)
- Huber, B. (1)
- Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. (1)
- Hughes, J. P. (1)
- Hughes, R. E. (1)
- Hughes, Z. (1)
- Huntemeyer, P. (1)
- Hütten, M. (1)
- Iriarte, A. (1)
- Ivascenko, A. (1)
- Iwasaki, H. (1)
- Jackson, D. J. (1)
- Jadhav, J. (1)
- Jameil, O. (1)
- Jankowsky, D. (1)
- Jardin-Blicq, A. (1)
- Jarvela, E. (1)
- Jingo, M. (1)
- Johnson, A. S. (1)
- Johnson, W. N. (1)
- Jordan, B. (1)
- Joshi, V. (1)
- Jouvin, L. (1)
- Jung-Richardt, I (1)
- Junor, W. (1)
- Kadenius, V. (1)
- Kamae, T. (1)
- Kargaltsev, O. (1)
- Kargaltsev, Oleg (1)
- Katagiri, H. (1)
- Kataoka, J. (1)
- Katsuragawa, M. (1)
- Kellermann, H. (1)
- Kensei, S. (1)
- Keogh, D. (1)
- Kerr, J. (1)
- Kerszberg, D. (1)
- Kimeridze, G. (1)
- King, J. (1)
- Kino, M. (1)
- Knoedlseder, J. (1)
- Knoetig, M. L. (1)
- Komin, Nu (1)
- Kondratiev, V. (1)
- Konopelko, A. (1)
- Konstantinova, T. S. (1)
- Kossakowski, R. (1)
- Kranich, D. (1)
- Kraus, M. (1)
- Krause, Maria (1)
- Kruger, P. P. (1)
- Lamerato, A. (1)
- Lande, J. (1)
- Lara, A. (1)
- Larsson, J. (1)
- Larsson, S. (1)
- Larsson, Stefan (1)
- Lau, J. (1)
- Lauer, R. J. (1)
- Lee, N. P. (1)
- Lee, S. -H. (1)
- Lee, W. H. (1)
- Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne (1)
- Lenain, J-P (1)
- Lenain, J-P. (1)
- Lenain, J. -P. (1)
- Leon Vargas, H. (1)
- Leser, Eva (1)
- Leto, P. (1)
- Leto, Paolo (1)
- Lewandowska, N. (1)
- Li, J. (1)
- Li, K. (1)
- Lin, H. C. (1)
- Linnemann, J. T. (1)
- Liu, J. (1)
- Liu, R. (1)
- Longinotti, A. L. (1)
- Longo, Francesco (1)
- Loparco, Francesco (1)
- Lopen, R. J. Garcia (1)
- Lopez-Oramas, A. (1)
- Lorentz, M. (1)
- Lott, B. (1)
- Lozano, I. (1)
- Lu, C-C. (1)
- Lubrano, Pasquale (1)
- Luis-Raya, G. (1)
- Luna-Garcia, R. (1)
- Ly, C. (1)
- Lypova, I (1)
- MacDonald, N. R. (1)
- Madhavan, A. (1)
- Madrid, J. (1)
- Magill, J. D. (1)
- Magill, Jeffrey D. (1)
- Maier, Gernot (1)
- Makariev, E. (1)
- Makeev, A. (1)
- Maldera, Simone (1)
- Malone, K. (1)
- Malyshev, D. (1)
- Manganaro, M. (1)
- Marandon, V (1)
- Mariaud, C. (1)
- Marinelli, S. S. (1)
- Martinez, O. (1)
- Martinez-Castellanos, I. (1)
- Martinez-Castro, J. (1)
- Martinez-Huerta, H. (1)
- Masbou, J. (1)
- Massaro, F. (1)
- Matthews, J. A. (1)
- Maurin, D. (1)
- McBreen, B. (1)
- McCollough, M. L. (1)
- McConville, W. (1)
- Meintjes, P. J. (1)
- Miranda-Romagnoli, P. (1)
- Mitchell, A. M. W. (1)
- Mizuno, Tsunefumi (1)
- Mohrmann, L. (1)
- Moiseev, A. A. (1)
- Monte, C. (1)
- Monzani, Maria Elena (1)
- Mora, K. (1)
- Moreno, E. (1)
- Moretti, E. (1)
- Morselli, A. (1)
- Moskalenko, I. V. (1)
- Moskalenko, Igor V. (1)
- Mostafa, M. (1)
- Munar, P. (1)
- Munar-Adrover, P. (1)
- Mundell, C. G. (1)
- Munoz, A. Gonzalez (1)
- Nagai, H. (1)
- Nakashima, S. (1)
- Nayerhoda, A. (1)
- Ndiyavala, H. (1)
- Negro, M. (1)
- Nekrassov, D. (1)
- Nellen, L. (1)
- Neustroev, V. (1)
- Newbold, M. (1)
- Newbold, M. D. (1)
- Nguyen, N. (1)
- Nguyen, T. (1)
- Nicholas, B. (1)
- Niederwanger, F. (1)
- Nieppola, E. (1)
- Nisa, M. U. (1)
- Nishino, S. (1)
- Nogues, L. (1)
- Nolan, P. L. (1)
- Noriega-Papaqui, R. (1)
- Nunez, P. (1)
- Odaka, H. (1)
- Okumura, A. (1)
- Omodei, N. (1)
- Omodei, Nicola (1)
- Ong, R. (1)
- Ortega, A. Diago (1)
- Otte, Adam Nepomuk (1)
- Oya, I (1)
- Padovani, M. (1)
- Palacio, J. (1)
- Paliya, Vaidehi S. (1)
- Palma, N. (1)
- Panetta, J. H. (1)
- Pardo, S. (1)
- Parent, D. (1)
- Park, N. H. (1)
- Park, Nahee (1)
- Pavlidou, V. (1)
- Pearson, T. J. (1)
- Pegna, R. G. (1)
- Pelayo, R. (1)
- Pepe, M. (1)
- Perennes, C. (1)
- Peresano, M. (1)
- Perez-Perez, E. G. (1)
- Perlman, E. S. (1)
- Perri, L. (1)
- Peruzzo, J. (1)
- Peruzzo, L. (1)
- Pesce-Rollins, M. (1)
- Pesce-Rollins, Melissa (1)
- Petrosian, Vahe' (1)
- Petrucci, P-O (1)
- Petrucci, P-O. (1)
- Petry, D. (1)
- Pfrommer, C. (1)
- Piel, Q. (1)
- Pilia, M. (1)
- Piner, B. G. (1)
- Piner, G. (1)
- Pinzke, A. (1)
- Pivato, G. (1)
- Pizlo, F. (1)
- Poireau, V (1)
- Popkow, Alexis (1)
- Porter, T. A. (1)
- Porter, Troy A. (1)
- Poutanen, J. (1)
- Prester, D. Dominis (1)
- Pretz, J. (1)
- Principe, G. (1)
- Prokhorov, D. A. (1)
- Puchades, N. (1)
- Raiteri, C. (1)
- Ramazani, V. Fallah (1)
- Rando, R. (1)
- Rando, Riccardo (1)
- Rani, B. (1)
- Rauth, R. (1)
- Rayner, S. M. (1)
- Razzano, Massimilano (1)
- Razzaque, S. (1)
- Razzaque, Soebur (1)
- Reichardt, T. (1)
- Ren, Z. (1)
- Reposeur, T. (1)
- Reynolds, T. (1)
- Rho, C. D. (1)
- Richards, J. (1)
- Rinchiuso, L. (1)
- Rissi, M. (1)
- Riviere, C. (1)
- Roberts, M. (1)
- Rodriguez Garcia, J. (1)
- Rojas, D. Avila (1)
- Ros, J. A. (1)
- Rosa-Gonzalez, D. (1)
- Rosenberg, M. (1)
- Rosillo, M. Nievas (1)
- Roth, M. (1)
- Roustazadeh, P. (1)
- Rovero, A. (1)
- Rugamer, S. (1)
- Ruiz-Velasco, E. (1)
- Ruppel, Jens (1)
- Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. (1)
- Sadun, A. (1)
- Sahakian, V (1)
- Saito, S. (1)
- Salazar, H. (1)
- Sanchez, D. (1)
- Sanchez, D. A. (1)
- Sanchez-Conde, M. (1)
- Sander, A. (1)
- Sandoval, A. (1)
- Santander, Marcos (1)
- Sasaki, M. (1)
- Scargle, J. D. (1)
- Schaal, M. (1)
- Schneider, M. (1)
- Schoeck, F. M. (1)
- Schroder, S. (1)
- Schrödter, M. (1)
- Schussler, F. (1)
- Seglar-Arroyo, M. (1)
- Senturk, G. Demet (1)
- Seyffert, A. S. (1)
- Shafi, N. (1)
- Shilon, I (1)
- Shiningayamwe, K. (1)
- Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. (1)
- Simoni, R. (1)
- Sinnis, G. (1)
- Skilton, J. L. (1)
- Smith, A. (1)
- Smith, A. J. (1)
- Smith, P. D. (1)
- Soares-Furtado, M. (1)
- Spandre, G. (1)
- Spandre, Gloria (1)
- Spies, F. (1)
- Spiess, F. (1)
- Spir-Jacob, M. (1)
- Springer, R. W. (1)
- Stamatescu, V. (1)
- Steele, D. (1)
- Steele, I. A. (1)
- Steppa, Constantin Beverly (1)
- Stevens, J. (1)
- Stevenson, M. (1)
- Strickman, M. S. (1)
- Struebig, J. C. (1)
- Sun, S. (1)
- Surajbali, P. (1)
- Sushch, I. (1)
- Sweeney, K. (1)
- Taboada, Ignacio (1)
- Tajima, Hiroyasu (1)
- Takalo, L. O. (1)
- Tanaka, T. (1)
- Tanaka, Y. (1)
- Tavernet, J-P (1)
- Tavernet, J-P. (1)
- Thayer, J. G. (1)
- Thom, M. (1)
- Thompson, D. J. (1)
- Thompson, David J. (1)
- Tinivella, M. (1)
- Tiziani, D. (1)
- Todd, N. W. (1)
- Tollefson, K. (1)
- Toner, J. (1)
- Torres, Diego F. (1)
- Torres, F. (1)
- Torres, I. (1)
- Tosti, G. (1)
- Tosti, Gino (1)
- Tramacere, A. (1)
- Troja, E. (1)
- Troja, Eleonora (1)
- Tsirou, M. (1)
- Tsuji, N. (1)
- Tuffs, R. (1)
- Uellenbeck, M. (1)
- Ukwatta, Tilan N. (1)
- Usher, T. L. (1)
- Valverde, J. (1)
- Vandenbroucke, J. (1)
- Vanzo, G. (1)
- Vasileiou, V. (1)
- Veh, J. (1)
- Veres, P. (1)
- Verguilov, V. (1)
- Vialle, J. P. (1)
- Vianello, G. (1)
- Vianello, Giacomo (1)
- Vilchez, N. (1)
- Villasenor, L. (1)
- Vink, J. (1)
- Vitale, V. (1)
- Vogel, M. (1)
- Voisin, F. (1)
- Vorobiov, S. (1)
- Vovk, I. (1)
- Vuillaume, T. (1)
- Vurm, Indrek (1)
- Wadiasingh, Z. (1)
- Waite, A. P. (1)
- Wang, P. (1)
- Wehrle, A. (1)
- Weng, S. (1)
- Werner, M. (1)
- Westerhoff, Stefan (1)
- Will, M. (1)
- Williams, David A. (1)
- Williamson, T. J. (1)
- Winer, B. L. (1)
- Wisher, I. G. (1)
- Wissel, S. (1)
- Wood, D. L. (1)
- Wood, J. (1)
- Wood, K. (1)
- Wood, K. S. (1)
- Wu, M. H. (1)
- Yang, R. (1)
- Yang, Z. (1)
- Yapici, Tolga (1)
- Yassine, M. (1)
- Ylinen, T. (1)
- Yodh, G. (1)
- Zaborov, D. (1)
- Zechlin, H-S. (1)
- Zefi, F. (1)
- Zepeda, A. (1)
- Zhou, H. (1)
- Zhu, S. (1)
- Ziegler, A. (1)
- Ziegler, M. (1)
- Zorn, J. (1)
- Zywucka, N. (1)
- de Bhroithe, A. O&rsquo (1)
- de Jager, O. C. (1)
- de la Calle Perez, I. (1)
- del Pozo, E. De Cea (1)
- do Couto e Silva, E. (1)
- tAliu, E. (1)
- van Rensburg, C. (1)
- van Soelen, B. (1)
- van der Walt, D. J. (1)
Document Type
- Article (47)
Language
- English (47) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (47)
Keywords
Institute
tAliu, E. ; Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Bradbury, S. M. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Duke, C. ; Dumm, J. ; Dwarkadas, Vikram V. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Godambe, S. ; Gotthelf, E. V. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Huan, H. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lang, M. J. ; Lee, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Pandel, D. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rose, H. J. ; Ruppel, Jens ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Sentuerk, G. D. ; Skole, C. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Weisgarber, T. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We report the discovery of an unidentified, extended source of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission, VER J2019+407, within the radio shell of the supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1, using 21.4 hr of data taken by the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory in 2009. These data confirm the preliminary indications of gamma-ray emission previously seen in a two-year (2007-2009) blind survey of the Cygnus region by VERITAS. VER J2019+407, which is detected at a post-trials significance of 7.5 standard deviations in the 2009 data, is localized to the northwestern rim of the remnant in a region of enhanced radio and X-ray emission. It has an intrinsic extent of 0 degrees.23 +/- 0 degrees.03(stat-0 degrees.02sys)(+0 degrees.04) and its spectrum is well-characterized by a differential power law (dN/dE = N-0 x (E/TeV)-Gamma) with a photon index of Gamma = 2.37 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and a flux normalization of N-0 = 1.5 +/- 0.2(stat) +/- 0.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1). This yields an integral flux of 5.2 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 1.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon cm(-2) s(-1) above 320 GeV, corresponding to 3.7% of the Crab Nebula flux. We consider the relationship of the TeV gamma-ray emission with the GeV gamma-ray emission seen from SNR G78.2+2.1 as well as that seen from a nearby cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays. Multiple scenarios are considered as possible origins for the TeV gamma-ray emission, including hadronic particle acceleration at the SNR shock.
Orienti, M. ; Finke, J. ; Raiteri, C. M. ; Hovatta, T. ; Larsson, J. ; Max-Moerbeck, W. ; Perkins, J. ; Readhead, A. C. S. ; Richards, J. L. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Bugaev, V. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Gerard, L. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hakansson, Nils ; Holder, J. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kar, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Maier, G. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Pohl, Manuela ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rousselle, J. ; Santander, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We report on multifrequency observations performed during 2012 December-2013 August of the first narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy detected in gamma-rays, PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846). A y -ray flare was observed by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi during 2012 December-2013 January, reaching a daily peak flux in the 0.1-100 GeV energy range of (155 31) x 10 8 ph cm(-2) S-1 on 2013 January 1, corresponding to an apparent isotropic luminosity of similar to 1.5 x 1048 erg s(-1). The y -ray flaring period triggered Swift and Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) observations in addition to radio and optical monitoring by Owens Valley Radio Observatory, Monitoring Of Jets in Active galactic nuclei with VLBA Experiments, and Catalina Real-time Transient Survey. A strong flare was observed in optical, UV, and X-rays on 2012 December 30, quasi-simultaneously to the y -ray flare, reaching a record flux for this source from optical to y gamma-rays. VERITAS observations at very high energy (E > 100 GeV) during 2013 January 6-17 resulted in an upper limit of F>0.2 Trev < 4.0 x 10(-12) ph cm(-2) s(-1). We compared the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the flaring state in 2013 January with that of an intermediate state observed in 2011. The two SEDs, modelled as synchrotron emission and an external Compton scattering of seed photons from a dust torus, can be modelled by changing both the electron distribution parameters and the magnetic field.
Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Maier, G. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pichel, A. ; Pohl, Martin ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Jorstad, S. G. ; MacDonald, N. R. ; Marscher, A. P. ; Smith, P. S. ; Walker, R. C. ; Hovatta, T. ; Richards, J. ; Max-Moerbeck, W. ; Readhead, A. ; Lister, M. L. ; Kovalev, Y. Y. ; Pushkarev, A. B. ; Gurwell, M. A. ; Lahteenmaki, A. ; Nieppola, E. ; Tornikoski, M. ; Jarvela, E.
We report on the detection of a very rapid TeV gamma-ray flare from BL Lacertae on 2011 June 28 with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). The flaring activity was observed during a 34.6 minute exposure, when the integral flux above 200 GeV reached (3.4 +/- 0.6) x 10(-6) photons m(-2) s(-1), roughly 125% of the Crab Nebula flux measured by VERITAS. The light curve indicates that the observations missed the rising phase of the flare but covered a significant portion of the decaying phase. The exponential decay time was determined to be 13 +/- 4 minutes, making it one of the most rapid gamma-ray flares seen from a TeV blazar. The gamma-ray spectrum of BL Lacertae during the flare was soft, with a photon index of 3.6 +/- 0.4, which is in agreement with the measurement made previously by MAGIC in a lower flaring state. Contemporaneous radio observations of the source with the Very Long Baseline Array revealed the emergence of a new, superluminal component from the core around the time of the TeV gamma-ray flare, accompanied by changes in the optical polarization angle. Changes in flux also appear to have occurred at optical, UV, and GeV gamma-ray wavelengths at the time of the flare, although they are difficult to quantify precisely due to sparse coverage. A strong flare was seen at radio wavelengths roughly four months later, which might be related to the gamma-ray flaring activities. We discuss the implications of these multiwavelength results.
Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cannon, A. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Dumm, J. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, S. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Finnegan, G. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Godambe, S. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Holder, J. ; Huan, H. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Imran, A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Karlsson, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Lee, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nelson, T. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Roache, E. ; Ruppel, J. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Schroedter, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Skole, C. ; Smith, A. W. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Thibadeau, S. ; Tsurusaki, K. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vivier, M. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Ward, J. E. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Pfrommer, C. ; Pinzke, A.
Observations of radio halos and relics in galaxy clusters indicate efficient electron acceleration. Protons should likewise be accelerated and, on account of weak energy losses, can accumulate, suggesting that clusters may also be sources of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission. We report here on VHE gamma-ray observations of the Coma galaxy cluster with the VERITAS array of imaging Cerenkov telescopes, with complementing Fermi Large Area Telescope observations at GeV energies. No significant gamma-ray emission from the Coma Cluster was detected. Integral flux upper limits at the 99% confidence level were measured to be on the order of (2-5) x 10(-8) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (VERITAS, >220 GeV) and similar to 2 x 10(-6) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (Fermi, 1-3GeV), respectively. We use the gamma-ray upper limits to constrain cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in Coma. Using an analytical approach, the CR-to-thermal pressure ratio is constrained to be < 16% from VERITAS data and <1.7% from Fermi data (averaged within the virial radius). These upper limits are starting to constrain the CR physics in self-consistent cosmological cluster simulations and cap the maximum CR acceleration efficiency at structure formation shocks to be <50%. Alternatively, this may argue for non-negligible CR transport processes such as CR streaming and diffusion into the outer cluster regions. Assuming that the radio-emitting electrons of the Coma halo result from hadronic CR interactions, the observations imply a lower limit on the central magnetic field in Coma of similar to(2-5.5) mu G, depending on the radial magnetic field profile and on the gamma-ray spectral index. Since these values are below those inferred by Faraday rotation measurements in Coma (for most of the parameter space), this renders the hadronic model a very plausible explanation of the Coma radio halo. Finally, since galaxy clusters are dark matter (DM) dominated, the VERITAS upper limits have been used to place constraints on the thermally averaged product of the total self-annihilation cross section and the relative velocity of the DM particles, <sigma nu >.
Archer, A. ; Barnacka, Anna ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, W. ; Chen, Xiaoming ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickinson, H. J. ; Dumm, J. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hakansson, Nils ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kar, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Manuela ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Wilhelm, Alina ; Williams, D. A. ; Zajczyk, A. ; Zitzer, B.
The Galactic center is an interesting region for high-energy (0.1-100 GeV) and very-high-energy (E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray observations. Potential sources of GeV/TeV gamma-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the supermassive black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant (e.g., Sgr A East), particle acceleration in a plerion, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic center has been detected by EGRET and by Fermi/LAT in the MeV/GeV energy band. At TeV energies, the Galactic center was detected with moderate significance by the CANGAROO and Whipple 10 m telescopes and with high significance by H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS. We present the results from three years of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles resulting in a detection of the Galactic center on the level of 18 standard deviations at energies above similar to 2.5 TeV. The energy spectrum is derived and is found to be compatible with hadronic, leptonic, and hybrid emission models discussed in the literature. Future, more detailed measurements of the high-energy cutoff and better constraints on the high-energy flux variability will help to refine and/or disentangle the individual models.
Archambault, S. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Duke, C. ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Pandel, D. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Sheidaei, F. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Theiling, M. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; McCollough, M. L.
We report results from TeV gamma-ray observations of the microquasar Cygnus X-3. The observations were made with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) over a time period from 2007 June 11 to 2011 November 28. VERITAS is most sensitive to gamma rays at energies between 85 GeV and 30 TeV. The effective exposure time amounts to a total of about 44 hr, with the observations covering six distinct radio/X-ray states of the object. No significant TeV gamma-ray emission was detected in any of the states, nor with all observations combined. The lack of a positive signal, especially in the states where GeV gamma rays were detected, places constraints on TeV gamma-ray production in Cygnus X-3. We discuss the implications of the results.
Archambault, S. ; Aune, T. ; Behera, B. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Berger, K. ; Bird, R. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cardenzana, J. V. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, Wei ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Griffiths, S. T. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, Daniel ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Rajotte, J. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Wilhelm, Alina ; Williams, D. A. ; Ackermann, Margit ; Ajello, M. ; Albert, A. ; Baldini, L. ; Bastieri, D. ; Bellazzini, R. ; Bissaldi, E. ; Bregeon, Johan ; Buehler, R. ; Buson, S. ; Caliandro, G. A. ; Cameron, R. A. ; Caraveo, P. A. ; Cavazzuti, E. ; Charles, E. ; Chiang, J. ; Ciprini, S. ; Claus, R. ; Cutini, S. ; de Angelis, A. ; de Palma, F. ; Dermer, C. D. ; Digel, S. W. ; Di Venere, L. ; Drell, P. S. ; Favuzzi, C. ; Franckowiak, A. ; Fusco, P. ; Gargano, F. ; Gasparrini, D. ; Giglietto, N. ; Giordano, F. ; Giroletti, M. ; Grenier, I. A. ; Guiriec, S. ; Jogler, T. ; Kuss, M. ; Larsson, S. ; Latronico, L. ; Longo, F. ; Loparco, F. ; Lubrano, P. ; Madejski, G. M. ; Mayer, M. ; Mazziotta, Mario Nicola ; Michelson, P. F. ; Mizuno, T. ; Monzani, M. E. ; Morselli, Aldo ; Murgia, S. ; Nuss, E. ; Ohsugi, T. ; Ormes, J. F. ; Paneque, D. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Piron, F. ; Pivato, G. ; Raino, S. ; Razzano, M. ; Reimer, A. ; Reimer, Olaf ; Ritz, S. ; Schaal, M. ; Sgro, C. ; Siskind, E. J. ; Spinelli, P. ; Takahashi, H. ; Tibaldo, L. ; Tinivella, M. ; Troja, E. ; Vianello, G. ; Werner, M. ; Wood, M.
We present deep VERITAS observations of the blazar PKS 1424+240, along with contemporaneous Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope, and Swift UV Optical Telescope data between 2009 February 19 and 2013 June 8. This blazar resides at a redshift of z >= 0.6035, displaying a significantly attenuated gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV due to photon absorption via pair-production with the extragalactic background light. We present more than 100 hr of VERITAS observations over three years, a multiwavelength light curve, and the contemporaneous spectral energy distributions. The source shows a higher flux of (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-7) photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV in 2009 and 2011 as compared to the flux measured in 2013, corresponding to (1.02 +/- 0.08) x 10-7 photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV. The measured differential very high energy (VHE; E >= 100 GeV) spectral indices are Gamma = 3.8 +/- 0.3, 4.3 +/- 0.6 and 4.5 +/- 0.2 in 2009, 2011, and 2013, respectively. No significant spectral change across the observation epochs is detected. We find no evidence for variability at gamma-ray opacities of greater than tau = 2, where it is postulated that any variability would be small and occur on timescales longer than a year if hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with extragalactic photon fields provide a secondary VHE photon flux. The data cannot rule out such variability due to low statistics.
Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Ciupik, L. ; Collins-Hughes, E. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Dickherber, R. ; Dumm, J. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Garson, A. III. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gusbar, C. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Lamerato, A. ; Lang, M. J. ; Li, K. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Orr, M. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Roustazadeh, P. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Senturk, G. D. ; Skole, C. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tesic, G. ; Theiling, M. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B.
We present the results of a multi-wavelength campaign targeting the blazar 1ES 1218+30.4 with observations with the 1.3 m McGraw-Hill optical telescope, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, and the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). The RXTE and VERITAS observations were spread over a 13 day period and revealed clear evidence for flux variability, and a strong X-ray and gamma-ray flare on 2009 February 26 (MJD 54888). The campaign delivered a well-sampled broadband energy spectrum with simultaneous RXTE and VERITAS very high energy (VHE, > 100 GeV) observations, as well as contemporaneous optical and Fermi observations. The 1ES 1218+30.4 broadband energy spectrum-the first with simultaneous X-ray and VHE gamma-ray energy spectra-is of particular interest as the source is located at a high cosmological redshift for a VHE source (z = 0.182), leading to strong absorption of VHE gamma rays by photons from the optical/infrared extragalactic background light (EBL) via gamma VHE +gamma EBL -> e(+) e(-)pair-creation processes. We model the data with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission model and with the extragalactic absorption predicted by several recent EBL models. We find that the observations are consistent with the SSC scenario and all the EBL models considered in this work. We discuss observational and theoretical avenues to improve on the EBL constraints.
Archambault, S. ; Arlen, T. ; Aune, T. ; Behera, B. ; Beilicke, M. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Bouvier, A. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cesarini, A. ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Federici, Simone ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Galante, N. ; Gall, D. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Hughes, G. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kertzman, M. ; Khassen, Y. ; Kieda, D. ; Krawczynski, H. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Madhavan, A. S. ; Maier, G. ; Majumdar, P. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Millis, J. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Prokoph, H. ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reyes, L. C. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Saxon, D. B. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Theiling, M. ; Varlotta, A. ; Vassiliev, V. V. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weekes, T. C. ; Weinstein, A. ; Welsing, R. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Boettcher, Markus ; Fegan, S. J. ; Fortin, P. ; Halpern, J. P. ; Kovalev, Y. Y. ; Lister, M. L. ; Liu, J. ; Pushkarev, A. B. ; Smith, P. S.
We report the detection of a new TeV gamma-ray source, VER J0521+211, based on observations made with the VERITAS imaging atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope Array. These observations were motivated by the discovery of a cluster of >30 GeV photons in the first year of Fermi Large Area Telescope observations. VER J0521+211 is relatively bright at TeV energies, with a mean photon flux of (1.93 +/- 0.13(stat) +/- 0.78(sys)) x 10(-11) cm(-2) s(-1) above 0.2 TeV during the period of the VERITAS observations. The source is strongly variable on a daily timescale across all wavebands, from optical to TeV, with a peak flux corresponding to similar to 0.3 times the steady Crab Nebula flux at TeV energies. Follow-up observations in the optical and X-ray bands classify the newly discovered TeV source as a BL Lac-type blazar with uncertain redshift, although recent measurements suggest z = 0.108. VER J0521+211 exhibits all the defining properties of blazars in radio, optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths.
Archambault, S. ; Archer, A. ; Benbow, W. ; Bird, R. ; Biteau, Jonathan ; Buchovecky, M. ; Buckley, J. H. ; Bugaev, V. ; Byrum, K. ; Cerruti, M. ; Chen, Xuhui ; Ciupik, L. ; Connolly, M. P. ; Cui, W. ; Eisch, J. D. ; Errando, M. ; Falcone, A. ; Feng, Q. ; Finley, J. P. ; Fleischhack, H. ; Fortin, P. ; Fortson, L. ; Furniss, A. ; Gillanders, G. H. ; Griffin, S. ; Grube, J. ; Gyuk, G. ; Huetten, M. ; Hakansson, Nils ; Hanna, D. ; Holder, J. ; Humensky, T. B. ; Johnson, C. A. ; Kaaret, P. ; Kar, P. ; Kelley-Hoskins, N. ; Kertzman, M. ; Kieda, D. ; Krause, M. ; Krennrich, F. ; Kumar, S. ; Lang, M. J. ; Maier, G. ; McArthur, S. ; McCann, A. ; Meagher, K. ; Moriarty, P. ; Mukherjee, R. ; Nguyen, T. ; Nieto, D. ; Ong, R. A. ; Otte, A. N. ; Park, N. ; Perkins, J. S. ; Pichel, A. ; Pohl, Martin ; Popkow, A. ; Pueschel, Elisa ; Quinn, J. ; Ragan, K. ; Reynolds, P. T. ; Richards, G. T. ; Roache, E. ; Rovero, A. C. ; Santander, M. ; Sembroski, G. H. ; Shahinyan, K. ; Smith, A. W. ; Staszak, D. ; Telezhinsky, Igor O. ; Tucci, J. V. ; Tyler, J. ; Vincent, S. ; Wakely, S. P. ; Weiner, O. M. ; Weinstein, A. ; Williams, D. A. ; Zitzer, B. ; Fumagalli, M. ; Prochaska, J. X.
Between the beginning of its full-scale scientific operations in 2007 and 2012, the VERITAS Cherenkov telescope array observed more than 130 blazars; of these, 26 were detected as very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray sources. In this work, we present the analysis results of a sample of 114 undetected objects. The observations constitute a total live-time of similar to 570 hr. The sample includes several unidentified Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources (located at high Galactic latitude) as well as all the sources from the second Fermi-LAT catalog that are contained within the field of view of the VERITAS observations. We have also performed optical spectroscopy measurements in order to estimate the redshift of some of these blazars that do not have spectroscopic distance estimates. We present new optical spectra from the Kast instrument on the Shane telescope at the Lick observatory for 18 blazars included in this work, which allowed for the successful measurement or constraint on the redshift of four of them. For each of the blazars included in our sample, we provide the flux upper limit in the VERITAS energy band. We also study the properties of the significance distributions and we present the result of a stacked analysis of the data set, which shows a 4s excess.