Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (301)
- Postprint (20)
- Other (12)
- Conference Proceeding (5)
- Review (5)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (3)
- Part of Periodical (2)
- Preprint (2)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Keywords
- gamma rays: galaxies (17)
- gamma rays: general (13)
- intergalactic medium (10)
- BL Lacertae objects: general (9)
- acceleration of particles (9)
- galaxies: active (8)
- ISM: supernova remnants (7)
- X-rays: binaries (7)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (7)
- astroparticle physics (6)
- galaxies: formation (6)
- quasars: absorption lines (6)
- stars: winds, outflows (6)
- Magellanic Clouds (5)
- climate change (5)
- cosmic rays (5)
- galaxies: evolution (5)
- Holocene (4)
- binaries: general (4)
- embodied cognition (4)
- galaxies: jets (4)
- relativistic processes (4)
- stars: evolution (4)
- stars: massive (4)
- Climate change (3)
- East Africa (3)
- Human evolution (3)
- Local Group (3)
- X-rays: ISM (3)
- climate-change (3)
- cosmology: observations (3)
- eye movements (3)
- galaxies: high-redshift (3)
- galaxies: nuclei (3)
- gamma rays: ISM (3)
- gamma-ray burst: general (3)
- quasars: general (3)
- stars: abundances (3)
- stars: neutron (3)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (B2 1215+30, VER J1217+301) (2)
- Biodiversity Exploratories (2)
- Competition (2)
- DNA modification (2)
- Eutrophication (2)
- Galaxy: center (2)
- Global environmental change (2)
- ISM: kinematics and dynamics (2)
- ISOS-L-1I protocol (2)
- Lake sediments (2)
- Land use (2)
- Milium effusum (2)
- Paleoclimatology (2)
- Pleistocene (2)
- Precipitation (2)
- SNARC (2)
- SNARC effect (2)
- Standardization (2)
- Supernovae (2)
- UV radiation (2)
- acute kidney injury (2)
- addition (2)
- binaries: spectroscopic (2)
- biodiversity (2)
- bone mineral density (2)
- bone pathologies (2)
- carbon-cycle (2)
- cesium lead halides (2)
- child development (2)
- childhood (2)
- circumstellar matter (2)
- cognitive bias (2)
- crystal orientation (2)
- diversity (2)
- ecosystems (2)
- end-stage kidney disease (2)
- eocene thermal maximum (2)
- extinction event (2)
- freshwater heterotrophic bacteria (2)
- galaxies: dwarf (2)
- galaxies: star formation (2)
- gamma rays: stars (2)
- gamma-rays: general (2)
- gene expression (2)
- genome-wide association (2)
- gulf coastal plain (2)
- heat-stress (2)
- inorganic perovskites (2)
- land use (2)
- local adaptation (2)
- magnetic fields (2)
- mental arithmetic (2)
- metal halide perovskites (2)
- methods: numerical (2)
- neuroendocrine (2)
- numerical cognition (2)
- numerical simulations (2)
- ocean acidification (2)
- operational momentum (2)
- origination (2)
- osteoporosis (2)
- phase purity (2)
- photoluminescence (2)
- photon recycling (2)
- photostability (2)
- planetary nebulae: general (2)
- plasmas (2)
- problem solving (2)
- psychosocial stress (2)
- purifying selection (2)
- rapid eGFRcrea decline (2)
- stars: atmospheres (2)
- stars: jets (2)
- study (2)
- subtraction (2)
- techniques: spectroscopic (2)
- temperature (2)
- variability (2)
- (16) Psyche (1)
- (magnetohydrodynamics) MHD (1)
- 1790 (1)
- 1792 (1)
- 1800 (1)
- 1845-1862 (1)
- 1870 (1)
- A. F. de Fourcroy (1)
- Above-ground (1)
- Acadian (1)
- Acer (1)
- Active Galactic Nuclei (1)
- Active fault (1)
- Active galactic nuclei (1)
- Adar formation (1)
- African Humid Period (1)
- Agri-environmental schemes (1)
- Agricultural landscapes (1)
- Air showers (1)
- Alaska (1)
- Alpine Fault (1)
- Amino acid (1)
- Anemone nemorosa (1)
- Antiplasmodial (1)
- Antiplasmodial activity (1)
- Apraxia (1)
- Aptian (1)
- Arabidopsis thaliana (1)
- Aridity (1)
- Arion (1)
- Asian monsoon (1)
- Astronomy and astrophysics (1)
- Astronomy and planetary science (1)
- Authigenic carbonates (1)
- Authigenic mineral transformation (1)
- Azadironolide (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 0414+009, ERJ0416+011) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 1959+650=VER J1959+651) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES1218+30.4) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (BL Lacertae = VER J2202+422) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (HESS J1943+213, VER J1943+213) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (PKS 1424+240)-cosmic background radiation (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (RBS 0413-VER J0319+187) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (RX J0648.7+1516, 1FGL J0648.8+1516, VER J0648+152) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (TXS 0506+056, VER J0509+057) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (VER J0521+211) (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 2344+514=VERJ2347+517 (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501 (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk501 (1)
- Be (1)
- Beech forest (1)
- Below-ground (1)
- Benzene (1)
- Beta diversity (1)
- Bilingualismus (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biodiversity indicators (1)
- Biogeography (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Biomass nutrient concentrations (1)
- Brassica napus (1)
- C-13-glucose (1)
- CO desorption (1)
- CO2 (1)
- Caledonian (1)
- Campylobacter jejuni (1)
- Canopy (1)
- Carbohydrate Metabolism (1)
- Carbonate platform (1)
- Cave (1)
- Cenozoic climate transitions (1)
- Cherenkov Telescopes (1)
- Childhood traits and disorders (1)
- Chitooligosaccharides (1)
- Chitosanase (1)
- Chlamydia-like bacteria (1)
- Chromatin Accessibility (1)
- Climate dynamics (1)
- Climate modelling (1)
- Cognitive models of imitation (1)
- Collection date (1)
- Collision cross-section (1)
- Common-environment trial (1)
- Community ecology (1)
- Compton and Pair Creation Telescope (1)
- Compton and pair creation telescope (1)
- Computer Modeling (1)
- Conductivity (1)
- Congo Air Boundary (1)
- Conifer plantations (1)
- Consortium (1)
- Continental biomarkers (1)
- Cosmic Antimatter (1)
- Cosmic Rays (1)
- Cosmology (1)
- Counterparts of gravitational waves (1)
- Cutting frequency (1)
- Cytotoxicity (1)
- Dark Matter (1)
- Decision support (1)
- Density functional theory (1)
- Depolymerization (1)
- Design concepts (1)
- Diatoms (1)
- Diffuse radiation (1)
- Dispersion curve (1)
- Disturbance (1)
- Diversity (1)
- Dolomitization (1)
- ELISA (1)
- ESA cosmic vision (1)
- Early Universe (1)
- East African Rift System (1)
- Eastern Africa (1)
- Ecological speciation (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Electrospray ionization (1)
- Ellenberg indicator values (1)
- Embodiment (1)
- Energy science and technology (1)
- Environmental gradients (1)
- Erosion (1)
- Escherichia coli (1)
- Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) (1)
- European Vegetation Archive (EVA) (1)
- Extragalactic astronomy (1)
- Eye movements (1)
- Farbe (1)
- Fault-controlled (1)
- Feedback (1)
- Fermi (1)
- Fertilization (1)
- Flavone (1)
- Floral Meristem (1)
- Floral Organ (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Flower Development (1)
- Fodder quality (1)
- Forest understorey (1)
- Fragmentation (1)
- Free electron laser (1)
- Functional trait diversity (1)
- Galaxy: abundances (1)
- Galaxy: evolution (1)
- Galaxy: formation (1)
- Galaxy: halo (1)
- Gamma-Ray Bursts (1)
- Gamma-ray astronomy (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genotypic differences (1)
- Geochemistry (1)
- Geophysical methods (1)
- Glucanotransferase (1)
- Good modelling practice (1)
- GrassPlot (1)
- Greenland (1)
- Grip-force sensor (1)
- Ground based gamma ray astronomy (1)
- Groundwater remediation (1)
- Growth Regulate Factor (1)
- Göttingen (1)
- H II regions (1)
- HII regions (1)
- HOMA (1)
- Habitat preferences (1)
- Hapten (1)
- Harmful algal bloom (1)
- Heat flux (1)
- High resolution (1)
- High-Energy Astrophysics (1)
- High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (1)
- Himmelblau (1)
- Hominin (1)
- Human impact (1)
- Hybridoma (1)
- Hydraulic loading rate (1)
- Hydraulics (1)
- Hydroclimate (1)
- Hydrodynamics (1)
- Hydrology (1)
- IACT (1)
- ISM : supernova remnants (1)
- ISM: abundances (1)
- ISM: bubbles (1)
- ISM: clouds (1)
- ISM: general (1)
- ISM: individual objects (G120.1+01.4, Tycho=VER J0025+641) (1)
- ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946) (1)
- ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5) (1)
- ISM: jets and outflows (1)
- ISM: molecules (1)
- ISM: structure (1)
- Iberian Basin (1)
- Illitization (1)
- Immunization (1)
- Indian Summer Monsoon (1)
- Indian summer monsoon (1)
- Inhibition of return (1)
- Insects (1)
- Instrumentation (1)
- Interstellar medium (1)
- Intraspecific variation (1)
- Invasion ecology (1)
- Inversion (1)
- Ion mobility spectrometry (1)
- JH-III-specific carrier protein (1)
- Jets (1)
- Juan José de Oteyza (1)
- Juvenile hormone (1)
- Kenya Rift (1)
- Kosmos (1)
- LED lighting (1)
- Lafora disease (1)
- Lake Naivasha (1)
- Lakes (1)
- Land-use intensity (1)
- Landscape connectivity (1)
- Language (1)
- Late Quaternary (1)
- Latitudinal gradient (1)
- Leaf Cell (1)
- Leaf senescence (1)
- Leguminosae (1)
- Lehrkräftebildung (1)
- Leptinotarsa decemlineata (1)
- Levy process (1)
- Light availability (1)
- Limonoid (1)
- Linking (1)
- Longitudinal (1)
- Lysozyme (1)
- MASW (1)
- MOOC (1)
- MTBE (1)
- Macroclimatic gradient (1)
- Maestrat Basin (1)
- Maltose Metabolism (1)
- Management intensity (1)
- Mars (1)
- Meaning (1)
- Mediterranean basin (1)
- Mehrsprachigkeit (1)
- Metabolic Regulation (1)
- Microtremors (1)
- Middle-Upper Permian (1)
- Model availability (1)
- Model order reduction (1)
- Moisture reconstructions (1)
- Molecular dynamics (1)
- Molecular marker (1)
- Monoclonal antibodies (1)
- Moonlight (1)
- Motor system (1)
- Multi-scale analysis (1)
- Multiwavelength Observations of the Universe (1)
- N efficiency (1)
- NFS1 (1)
- NWEurope (1)
- Navicula perminuta (1)
- Netzwerke des Wissens (1)
- Netzzeitalter (1)
- New Zealand (1)
- Next generation Cherenkov telescopes (1)
- Nitrogen (1)
- NlpR (1)
- Nuclear Astrophysics (1)
- Nucleosynthesis (1)
- Nutrient availability (1)
- Observing methods (1)
- Old Red Sandstone (1)
- Oligosaccharide (1)
- Optimality conditions (1)
- Orbital forcing (1)
- Orchard grass (1)
- Organic farming (1)
- Organic geochemistry (1)
- Outflows (1)
- Palaeoclimate (1)
- Palaeoclimatology (1)
- Palaeoliminology (1)
- Paleoclimate (1)
- Paleoclimate dynamics (1)
- Patholinguistik (1)
- Peptides (1)
- PhenObs phenological network (1)
- Phenotypic plasticity (1)
- Phosphorus (1)
- Physical environment (1)
- Pilot-scale constructed wetland (1)
- Plant Biochemistry (1)
- Plant community (1)
- Plant functional traits (1)
- Plio-Pleistocene (1)
- Poecilia mexicana (1)
- Population viability analysis (1)
- Porphyra (1)
- Potassium (1)
- Potential of mean force (1)
- Psyche mission (1)
- Pulsed climate variability hypothesis (1)
- Pump-probe (1)
- RHA1 (1)
- Radiocarbon (1)
- Rank-abundance (1)
- Rarity (1)
- Rayet (1)
- Rayleigh waves (1)
- Recurrence plot (1)
- Reflection (1)
- Reflection Skills (1)
- Reflexion (1)
- Reflexionskompetenz (1)
- Reflexivity (1)
- Reflexivität (1)
- Regeneration (1)
- Rhodococcus (1)
- Risk assessment (1)
- Runoff (1)
- SAM (1)
- SPR (1)
- SW Africa (1)
- Saliency (1)
- Salzburg (1)
- Saturn (1)
- Sediment recycling (1)
- Sediment yield (1)
- Sediments (1)
- Shinorine (1)
- Site characterization (1)
- Slip-rate (1)
- Socio-economics (1)
- Solar cells (1)
- Southern Ethiopia (1)
- Space vehicles: instruments (1)
- Species co-existence (1)
- Species loss (1)
- Species richness (1)
- Speleoseismology (1)
- Sprachförderung (1)
- Sprachtherapie (1)
- Stable isotopes (1)
- Stachys sylvatica (1)
- Stage-based model (1)
- Stalagmite (1)
- Starch Degradation (1)
- Stars (1)
- Stay-green (1)
- Stellar evolution (1)
- Stem (1)
- Steven Jan van Geuns (1)
- Stochastic systems (1)
- Storage effect (1)
- Suguta Valley (1)
- Sun: atmosphere (1)
- Sun: magnetic fields (1)
- Sunscreen (1)
- Surface science (1)
- Surface-wave methods (1)
- Sylvester equations (1)
- Synoptic weather types (1)
- TeV gamma-ray astronomy (1)
- Teacher Education (1)
- Techniques: spectroscopy (1)
- Tectonics (1)
- Temperature (1)
- Tephrosia purpurea (1)
- Terpurinflavone (1)
- Time-series analysis (1)
- Toonacilin (1)
- Toonapubesins F (1)
- Trace elements (1)
- Tropics (1)
- Tso Moriri Lake (1)
- Turkana-Basin (1)
- Turraea nilotica (1)
- Turraea robusta (1)
- Two-temperature model (1)
- UK (1)
- UV irradiation (1)
- Ultrafast (1)
- Ulva linza (1)
- V-s,V-30 (1)
- VERITAS (1)
- Variscan (1)
- Vegetation dynamics (1)
- Vertical-flow soil filter (1)
- Visual attention (1)
- Visual scanpath (1)
- Water quality (1)
- Weibel instability (1)
- Weltbegriff (1)
- Weltbewusstsein (1)
- Westerlies (1)
- Western Europe (1)
- Willow tree (1)
- Wissenschaftstheorie (1)
- X-ray emission spectroscopy (1)
- X-ray spectroscopy (1)
- X-rays: galaxies (1)
- X-rays: individual (Cygnus X-3) (1)
- X-rays: stars (1)
- XPS (1)
- Zeolites (1)
- abstract concepts (1)
- accretion, accretion disks (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (1)
- adolescent growth (1)
- aging (1)
- agricultural grasslands (1)
- ancient DNA (1)
- ancient forest (1)
- antifouling coatings (1)
- aridity (1)
- assessing uncertainties (1)
- asteroid magnetospheres (1)
- astrobiology (1)
- atomic processes (1)
- autonomic nervous system (1)
- bacterial frataxin (1)
- basin (1)
- bias correction (1)
- bilinear interpolation (1)
- bilingualism (1)
- binaries: close (1)
- biodiversity loss (1)
- bioenergetics (1)
- biogenesis (1)
- biomarker (1)
- biosynthesis (1)
- body mass (1)
- botanical gardens (1)
- carbon cycle (1)
- carbon isotopes (1)
- cataclasite (1)
- catalogs (1)
- ceramide (1)
- chain length distribution (1)
- chaotic motion (1)
- child growth (1)
- chironomids (1)
- chromatin accessibility (1)
- climate extremes (1)
- climate variability (1)
- climate-change impacts (1)
- climatic debt (1)
- cognitive development (1)
- colonization capacity (1)
- common garden (1)
- common species (1)
- controlled environment (1)
- correlation (1)
- cortical thickness (1)
- cosmic background radiation (1)
- cosmology: miscellaneous (1)
- cosmology: miscellaneous cosmology (1)
- cysteine desulfurase (1)
- dark ages, reionization, first stars (1)
- dark matter (1)
- data behind figure (1)
- decision tree (1)
- deficiency (1)
- deglaciation (1)
- degradation (1)
- detrended correspondence analyses (1)
- diffuse radiation (1)
- digital education (1)
- digital technologies (1)
- dispersal success (1)
- disturbance (1)
- dust (1)
- dynamic models (1)
- dynamical model (1)
- e-learning (1)
- ecosystem (1)
- ecosystem function (1)
- elementary particles (1)
- enantioselectivity (1)
- energetic (1)
- energy budget (1)
- ensemble (1)
- environmental reconstructions (1)
- errata, addenda (1)
- evolution of plastids (1)
- exchange (1)
- experience (1)
- extinct birds (1)
- extinction (1)
- extraterrestrial intelligence (1)
- fertilization (1)
- first flowering day (1)
- fixations (1)
- floral meristem (1)
- floral organ (1)
- flower development (1)
- forest herbs (1)
- forest management (1)
- forest understorey plant species (1)
- functional traits (1)
- galaxies: ISM (1)
- galaxies: abundances (1)
- galaxies: clusters: general (1)
- galaxies: clusters: individual (Coma (ACO 1656)) (1)
- galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD (1)
- galaxies: haloes (1)
- galaxies: individual (BL Lacertae, VER J2202+422) (1)
- galaxies: individual (Hydra II) (1)
- galaxies: individual (Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud) (1)
- galaxies: individual (M 87) (1)
- galaxies: individual (M 87, VER J1230+123) (1)
- galaxies: individual (Markarian 501) (1)
- galaxies: individual (RGB J2243+203) (1)
- galaxies: individual: 1ES 1741+196=VER J1744+195 (1)
- galaxies: individual: Small Magellanic Cloud (1)
- galaxies: interactions (1)
- gamma rays : stars (1)
- gamma rays: diffuse background (1)
- gamma rays: galaxies: clusters (1)
- gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 130427A) (1)
- gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 150323A) (1)
- gamma-ray burst: individual (MGRO J1908+06, VER J1907+062) (1)
- gamma-ray bursts: general (1)
- gamma-ray polarization (1)
- gamma-rays: galaxies (1)
- gastropodochory (1)
- global climate (1)
- globular clusters: individual: (SMASH 1) (1)
- glycogen phosphorylation (1)
- grassland management (1)
- grassland vegetation (1)
- grazing (1)
- growing season length (1)
- growth chambers (1)
- growth regulate factor (1)
- habitat (1)
- habitat fragmentation (1)
- habitat loss (1)
- heart (1)
- heart rate (1)
- height (1)
- high-energy astrophysical phenomena (1)
- higher education (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- hominin (1)
- human evolution (1)
- hybrid simulations (1)
- ice (1)
- ice-sheet (1)
- identity hypothesis (1)
- impaired glucose tolerance (1)
- individual-based models (1)
- infrared: ISM (1)
- infrared: stars (1)
- insulin (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- interacting protein (1)
- interspecific variation (1)
- isolation-by-adaptation (1)
- lafora disease (1)
- laforin (1)
- land-use change (1)
- land-use intensity (1)
- landscapes (1)
- large marsh grasshopper (1)
- latitude (1)
- latitudinal gradient (1)
- leaf (1)
- life-history traits (1)
- lifespan (1)
- lifetime (1)
- likelihood (1)
- line: formation (1)
- lipid metabolism (1)
- macroecology (1)
- magnetic field generation (1)
- malin (1)
- material (1)
- mental number line (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metabiography (1)
- methods: MHD (1)
- methods: analytical (1)
- methods: observational (1)
- microbial activity (1)
- microcredential (1)
- microwaves (1)
- mitochondrial genome (1)
- mobile phone (1)
- mobility (1)
- model (1)
- model comparison (1)
- model fitting (1)
- model output (1)
- mowing (1)
- multi-taxon (1)
- multidiversity (1)
- multimodel ensemble (1)
- multitrophic (1)
- multitrophic interactions (1)
- museum specimens (1)
- mylonite (1)
- myrmecochory (1)
- natural scenes (1)
- negative numbers (1)
- nested plot (1)
- neu gelesen (1)
- neutrinos (1)
- niche optimum (1)
- niche width (1)
- nutrient stoichiometry (1)
- observations (1)
- olorgesailie formation (1)
- online course creation (1)
- online course design (1)
- operant behavior (1)
- organic acid (1)
- oxygen isotopes (1)
- palaeoclimatology (1)
- palaeogenomics (1)
- particle acceleration (1)
- particles (1)
- patholinguistics (1)
- patterns (1)
- peperite (1)
- permafrost (1)
- phylogeny (1)
- planetary nebulae: general; (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual (A 30) (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual (A30 and A78) (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual (A30) (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual (A78) (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual: IC4406 (1)
- planetary nebulae: individual: NGC40 (1)
- plant community (1)
- plant population and community dynamics (1)
- plant regeneration (1)
- plant-climate interaction (1)
- pollen (1)
- polycystic ovary syndrome (1)
- polyglucan debranching reactions (1)
- polyglucosan body (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- proinsulin (1)
- pulsars : individual (PSR J2021+3651) (1)
- pulsars: general (1)
- pulsars: individual (PSR J1907+0602) (1)
- pulsars: individual (PSR J2032+4127, VER J2032+414, MAGIC J2032+4127) (1)
- pulsars: individual (SXP 1062) (1)
- pulsars: individual: SXP 1062 (1)
- pulsed climate variability framework (1)
- quasars: emission lines (1)
- quasars: individual (PKS 0405-123) (1)
- quasars: individual (SDSS J142253.31-000149) (1)
- quasars: individual (SDSS J213748+001220, SDSS J215200+062516) (1)
- quasars: individual: HE 0027-1836 (1)
- quasars: individual: HE 2217-2818 (1)
- quasars: individual: HS 1549+1919 (1)
- radiation (1)
- range edges (1)
- range shifts (1)
- rate variability (1)
- realized niche (1)
- recruitment (1)
- regulation (1)
- reinforcement (1)
- relativistic jets (1)
- ring (1)
- sPlot (1)
- saliency (1)
- scale-dependence (1)
- scenarios (1)
- scientific drilling (1)
- sea-level (1)
- secondary succession (1)
- seed dispersal (1)
- seed longevity (1)
- seed nitrogen (1)
- seed predation (1)
- seed production (1)
- seed provisioning (1)
- seedling establishment (1)
- sex (1)
- sexual isolation (1)
- sexual reproduction (1)
- shock waves (1)
- sill (1)
- simulations (1)
- slug (1)
- socio-economic environment (1)
- solar cells (1)
- space mission (1)
- spatially explicit model (1)
- species-area relationship (SAR) (1)
- speech and language therapy (1)
- sphingomyelin (1)
- stalagmite (1)
- starch (1)
- starch and glycogen (de)phosphorylation (1)
- starch and glycogen metabolism (1)
- stars evolution (1)
- stars: Wolf (1)
- stars: Wolf-Rayet (1)
- stars: carbon (1)
- stars: early-type (1)
- stars: emission-line (1)
- stars: emission-line, Be (1)
- stars: individual ( KIC 8462852) (1)
- stars: individual (1A 0535+262) (1)
- stars: individual (LS I+61 degrees 303, VER J0240+612) (1)
- stars: individual (MT91 213) (1)
- stars: individual (zeta Oph, BD+43 degrees 3654) (1)
- stars: individual: WR 102c (1)
- stars: pre-main sequence (1)
- statistical-model (1)
- subalkaline to alkaline magmatism (1)
- sucrose (1)
- sulfur cluster formation (1)
- supernovae (1)
- supernovae : individual (CTB 87) (1)
- supernovae: individual (G0.9+0.1) (1)
- surveys (1)
- tablet computers (1)
- techniques: photometric (1)
- temperate deciduous forest (1)
- terahertz (1)
- terrestrial ecosystems (1)
- time-domain astronomy (1)
- traits (1)
- trehalose 6-phosphate (1)
- trends (1)
- type 2 diabetes mellitus (1)
- understory (1)
- vegetation-plot database (1)
- visible light spectrum (1)
- visual attention (1)
- visual scanpath (1)
- visual search (1)
- von Humboldts Hand (1)
- weight (1)
- winter warming events (1)
- wood anemone (1)
- zwitterionic (1)
- „Bewohner des West Rheins“ (1)
- „Mineralogische Beobachtungen über einige Basalte am Rhein“ (1)
- „Versuch über einige physikalische und chemische Grundsätze der Salzwerkskunde“ (1)
Institute
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (166)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (66)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (46)
- Institut für Chemie (18)
- Department Psychologie (11)
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (9)
- Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften (8)
- Institut für Mathematik (5)
- Extern (4)
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH (4)
A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
(2019)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
Moving in the Anthropocene
(2018)
Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.
Introducing the CTA concept
(2013)
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project.
The origin of Galactic cosmic rays is a century-long puzzle. Indirect evidence points to their acceleration by supernova shockwaves, but we know little of their escape from the shock and their evolution through the turbulent medium surrounding massive stars. Gamma rays can probe their spreading through the ambient gas and radiation fields. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has observed the star-forming region of Cygnus X. The 1- to 100-gigaelectronvolt images reveal a 50-parsec-wide cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays that flood the cavities carved by the stellar winds and ionization fronts from young stellar clusters. It provides an example to study the youth of cosmic rays in a superbubble environment before they merge into the older Galactic population.
Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.
GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (releves) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001;... 1,000 m(2)) and on nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes and 2,800 nested-plot series. The key components are richness data and metadata. However, most included datasets also encompass compositional data. About 14,000 plots have near-complete records of terricolous bryophytes and lichens in addition to vascular plants. At present, GrassPlot contains data from 36 countries throughout the Palaearctic, spread across elevational gradients and major grassland types. GrassPlot with its multi-scale and multi-taxon focus complements the larger international vegetationplot databases, such as the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and the global database " sPlot". Its main aim is to facilitate studies on the scale-and taxon-dependency of biodiversity patterns and drivers along macroecological gradients. GrassPlot is a dynamic database and will expand through new data collection coordinated by the elected Governing Board. We invite researchers with suitable data to join GrassPlot. Researchers with project ideas addressable with GrassPlot data are welcome to submit proposals to the Governing Board.
Syn-rift shallow-marine carbonates of Late Aptian to Early Albian age in the southern Maestrat Basin (E Spain) register the thickest Aptian sedimentary record of the basin, and one of the most complete carbonate successions of this age reported in the northern Tethyan margin. The host limestones (Benassal Formation) are partially replaced by dolostones providing a new case study of fault-controlled hydrothermal dolomitization. The syn-rift sediments filled a graben controlled by normal basement faults. The Benassal Fm was deposited in a carbonate ramp with scarce siliciclastic input. The lithofacies are mainly characterized by the presence of orbitolinid foraminifera, corals and rudist bivalves fauna. The succession is stacked in three transgressive-regressive sequences (T-R) bounded by surfaces with sequence stratigraphic significance. The third sequence, which is reported for the first time in the basin, is formed by fully marine lithofacies of Albian age and represents the marine equivalent to the continental deposits of the Escucha Fm in the rest of the basin. The dolomitization of the host rock is spatially associated with the basement faults, and thus is fault-controlled. The dolostone forms seismic-scale stratabound tabular geobodies that extend several kilometres away from the fault zones, mostly in the hanging wall blocks, and host Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) deposits. The dolostones preferentially replaced middle to inner ramp grain-dominated fades from the third T-R sequences consisting of bioclastic packestones and peloidal grainstones. Field and petrology data indicate that the replacement took place after early calcite cementation and compaction, most likely during the Late Cretaceous post-rift stage of the basin. The dolostone registers the typical hydrothermal paragenesis constituted by the host limestone replacement, dolomite cementation and sulfide MVT mineralization. The Aptian succession studied provides a stratigraphic framework that can be used for oil exploration in age-equivalent rocks, especially in the Valencia Trough, offshore Spain. Moreover, this new case study constitutes a world class outcrop analogue for similar partially stratabound, dolomitized limestone reservoirs worldwide. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.
The 2010 very high energy gamma-ray flare and 10 years ofmulti-wavelength oservations of M 87
(2012)
The giant radio galaxy M 87 with its proximity (16 Mpc), famous jet, and very massive black hole ((3-6) x 10(9) M-circle dot) provides a unique opportunity to investigate the origin of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission generated in relativistic outflows and the surroundings of supermassive black holes. M 87 has been established as a VHE gamma-ray emitter since 2006. The VHE gamma-ray emission displays strong variability on timescales as short as a day. In this paper, results from a joint VHE monitoring campaign on M 87 by the MAGIC and VERITAS instruments in 2010 are reported. During the campaign, a flare at VHE was detected triggering further observations at VHE (H.E.S.S.), X-rays (Chandra), and radio (43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array, VLBA). The excellent sampling of the VHE gamma-ray light curve enables one to derive a precise temporal characterization of the flare: the single, isolated flare is well described by a two-sided exponential function with significantly different flux rise and decay times of tau(rise)(d) = (1.69 +/- 0.30) days and tau(decay)(d) = (0.611 +/- 0.080) days, respectively. While the overall variability pattern of the 2010 flare appears somewhat different from that of previous VHE flares in 2005 and 2008, they share very similar timescales (similar to day), peak fluxes (Phi(>0.35 TeV) similar or equal to (1-3) x 10(-11) photons cm(-2) s(-1)), and VHE spectra. VLBA radio observations of 43 GHz of the inner jet regions indicate no enhanced flux in 2010 in contrast to observations in 2008, where an increase of the radio flux of the innermost core regions coincided with a VHE flare. On the other hand, Chandra X-ray observations taken similar to 3 days after the peak of the VHE gamma-ray emission reveal an enhanced flux from the core (flux increased by factor similar to 2; variability timescale <2 days). The long-term (2001-2010) multi-wavelength (MWL) light curve of M 87, spanning from radio to VHE and including data from Hubble Space Telescope, Liverpool Telescope, Very Large Array, and European VLBI Network, is used to further investigate the origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission. No unique, common MWL signature of the three VHE flares has been identified. In the outer kiloparsec jet region, in particular in HST-1, no enhanced MWL activity was detected in 2008 and 2010, disfavoring it as the origin of the VHE flares during these years. Shortly after two of the three flares (2008 and 2010), the X-ray core was observed to be at a higher flux level than its characteristic range (determined from more than 60 monitoring observations: 2002-2009). In 2005, the strong flux dominance of HST-1 could have suppressed the detection of such a feature. Published models for VHE gamma-ray emission from M 87 are reviewed in the light of the new data.
Aims. We aim to characterize the multiwavelength emission from Markarian 501 (Mrk 501), quantify the energy-dependent variability, study the potential multiband correlations, and describe the temporal evolution of the broadband emission within leptonic theoretical scenarios. Methods. We organized a multiwavelength campaign to take place between March and July of 2012. Excellent temporal coverage was obtained with more than 25 instruments, including the MAGIC, FACT and VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes, the instruments on board the Swift and Fermi spacecraft, and the telescopes operated by the GASP-WEBT collaboration. Results. Mrk 501 showed a very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray flux above 0.2 TeV of similar to 0.5 times the Crab Nebula flux (CU) for most of the campaign. The highest activity occurred on 2012 June 9, when the VHE flux was similar to 3 CU, and the peak of the high-energy spectral component was found to be at similar to 2 TeV. Both the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray spectral slopes were measured to be extremely hard, with spectral indices <2 during most of the observing campaign, regardless of the X-ray and VHE flux. This study reports the hardest Mrk 501 VHE spectra measured to date. The fractional variability was found to increase with energy, with the highest variability occurring at VHE. Using the complete data set, we found correlation between the X-ray and VHE bands; however, if the June 9 flare is excluded, the correlation disappears (significance <3 sigma) despite the existence of substantial variability in the X-ray and VHE bands throughout the campaign. Conclusions. The unprecedentedly hard X-ray and VHE spectra measured imply that their low- and high-energy components peaked above 5 keV and 0.5 TeV, respectively, during a large fraction of the observing campaign, and hence that Mrk 501 behaved like an extreme high-frequency-peaked blazar (EHBL) throughout the 2012 observing season. This suggests that being an EHBL may not be a permanent characteristic of a blazar, but rather a state which may change over time. The data set acquired shows that the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of Mrk 501, and its transient evolution, is very complex, requiring, within the framework of synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models, various emission regions for a satisfactory description. Nevertheless the one-zone SSC scenario can successfully describe the segments of the SED where most energy is emitted, with a significant correlation between the electron energy density and the VHE gamma-ray activity, suggesting that most of the variability may be explained by the injection of high-energy electrons. The one-zone SSC scenario used reproduces the behavior seen between the measured X-ray and VHE gamma-ray fluxes, and predicts that the correlation becomes stronger with increasing energy of the X-rays.
We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASP-WEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsahovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using event-by-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission.
Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946
(2017)
We perform simulations for future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observations of RX J1713.7-3946, a young supernova remnant (SNR) and one of the brightest sources ever discovered in very high energy (VHE) gamma rays. Special attention is paid to exploring possible spatial (anti) correlations of gamma rays with emission at other wavelengths, in particular X-rays and CO/H I emission. We present a series of simulated images of RX J1713.7-3946 for CTA based on a set of observationally motivated models for the gamma-ray emission. In these models, VHE gamma rays produced by high-energy electrons are assumed to trace the nonthermal X-ray emission observed by XMM-Newton, whereas those originating from relativistic protons delineate the local gas distributions. The local atomic and molecular gas distributions are deduced by the NANTEN team from CO and H I observations. Our primary goal is to show how one can distinguish the emission mechanism(s) of the gamma rays (i.e., hadronic versus leptonic, or a mixture of the two) through information provided by their spatial distribution, spectra, and time variation. This work is the first attempt to quantitatively evaluate the capabilities of CTA to achieve various proposed scientific goals by observing this important cosmic particle accelerator.
VERITAS and Fermi-LAT Observations of TeV Gamma-Ray Sources Discovered by HAWC in the 2HWC Catalog
(2018)
The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) collaboration recently published their 2HWC catalog, listing 39 very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray sources based on 507 days of observation. Among these, 19 sources are not associated with previously known teraelectronvolt (TeV) gamma-ray sources. We have studied 14 of these sources without known counterparts with VERITAS and Fermi-LAT. VERITAS detected weak gamma-ray emission in the 1 TeV-30 TeV band in the region of DA 495, a pulsar wind nebula coinciding with 2HWC J1953+294, confirming the discovery of the source by HAWC. We did not find any counterpart for the selected 14 new HAWC sources from our analysis of Fermi-LAT data for energies higher than 10 GeV. During the search, we detected gigaelectronvolt (GeV) gamma-ray emission coincident with a known TeV pulsar wind nebula, SNR G54.1+0.3 (VER J1930+188), and a 2HWC source, 2HWC J1930+188. The fluxes for isolated, steady sources in the 2HWC catalog are generally in good agreement with those measured by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. However, the VERITAS fluxes for SNR G54.1+0.3, DA 495, and TeV J2032+4130 are lower than those measured by HAWC, and several new HAWC sources are not detected by VERITAS. This is likely due to a change in spectral shape, source extension, or the influence of diffuse emission in the source region.
We report on observations of the pulsar/Be star binary system PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213 in the energy range between 100 GeV and 20 TeV with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array and Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescope arrays. The binary orbit has a period of approximately 50 years, with the most recent periastron occurring on 2017 November 13. Our observations span from 18 months prior to periastron to one month after. A new point-like gamma-ray source is detected, coincident with the location of PSR J2032+4127/MT91 213. The gamma-ray light curve and spectrum are well characterized over the periastron passage. The flux is variable over at least an order of magnitude, peaking at periastron, thus providing a firm association of the TeV source with the pulsar/Be star system. Observations prior to periastron show a cutoff in the spectrum at an energy around 0.5 TeV. This result adds a new member to the small population of known TeV binaries, and it identifies only the second source of this class in which the nature and properties of the compact object are firmly established. We compare the gamma-ray results with the light curve measured with the X-ray Telescope on board the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and with the predictions of recent theoretical models of the system. We conclude that significant revision of the models is required to explain the details of the emission that we have observed, and we discuss the relationship between the binary system and the overlapping steady extended source, TeV J2032+4130.
Observations of the young supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 with the fermi large area telescope
(2011)
We present observations of the young supernova remnant (SNR) RX J1713.7-3946 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). We clearly detect a source positionally coincident with the SNR. The source is extended with a best-fit extension of 0 degrees.55 +/- 0 degrees.04 matching the size of the non-thermal X-ray and TeV gamma-ray emission from the remnant. The positional coincidence and the matching extended emission allow us to identify the LAT source with SNR RX J1713.7-3946. The spectrum of the source can be described by a very hard power law with a photon index of Gamma = 1.5 +/- 0.1 that coincides in normalization with the steeper H. E. S. S.-detected gamma-ray spectrum at higher energies. The broadband gamma-ray emission is consistent with a leptonic origin as the dominant mechanism for the gamma-ray emission.
We present deep VERITAS observations of the blazar PKS 1424+240, along with contemporaneous Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope, and Swift UV Optical Telescope data between 2009 February 19 and 2013 June 8. This blazar resides at a redshift of z >= 0.6035, displaying a significantly attenuated gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV due to photon absorption via pair-production with the extragalactic background light. We present more than 100 hr of VERITAS observations over three years, a multiwavelength light curve, and the contemporaneous spectral energy distributions. The source shows a higher flux of (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-7) photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV in 2009 and 2011 as compared to the flux measured in 2013, corresponding to (1.02 +/- 0.08) x 10-7 photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV. The measured differential very high energy (VHE; E >= 100 GeV) spectral indices are Gamma = 3.8 +/- 0.3, 4.3 +/- 0.6 and 4.5 +/- 0.2 in 2009, 2011, and 2013, respectively. No significant spectral change across the observation epochs is detected. We find no evidence for variability at gamma-ray opacities of greater than tau = 2, where it is postulated that any variability would be small and occur on timescales longer than a year if hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with extragalactic photon fields provide a secondary VHE photon flux. The data cannot rule out such variability due to low statistics.
The inner region of the Milky Way halo harbors a large amount of dark matter (DM). Given its proximity, it is one of the most promising targets to look for DM. We report on a search for the annihilations of DM particles using gamma-ray observations towards the inner 300 pc of the Milky Way, with the H.E.S.S. array of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. The analysis is based on a 2D maximum likelihood method using Galactic Center (GC) data accumulated by H.E.S.S. over the last 10 years (2004-2014), and does not show any significant gamma-ray signal above background. Assuming Einasto and Navarro-Frenk-White DM density profiles at the GC, we derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section <sigma nu >. These constraints are the strongest obtained so far in the TeV DM mass range and improve upon previous limits by a factor 5. For the Einasto profile, the constraints reach <sigma nu > values of 6 x 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1) in the W+W- channel for a DM particle mass of 1.5 TeV, and 2 x 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1) in the tau(+)tau(-) channel for a 1 TeV mass. For the first time, ground-based gamma-ray observations have reached sufficient sensitivity to probe <sigma nu > values expected from the thermal relic density for TeV DM particles.
The very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54 938-54 956), 2009, as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE yray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E > 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the preflare baseline flux (3.9 x 10(-11) ph cm(-2) s(-1)), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor similar to 4 in 25 min, and a falling time of similar to 50 min. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data.