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Cloud model inversions of strong chromospheric absorption lines using principal component analysis
(2020)
Dineva, Ekaterina Ivanova ; Verma, Meetu ; Gonzalez Manrique, Sergio Javier ; Schwartz, Pavol ; Denker, Carsten
High-resolution spectroscopy of strong chromospheric absorption lines delivers nowadays several millions of spectra per observing day, when using fast scanning devices to cover large regions on the solar surface. Therefore, fast and robust inversion schemes are needed to explore the large data volume. Cloud model (CM) inversions of the chromospheric H alpha line are commonly employed to investigate various solar features including filaments, prominences, surges, jets, mottles, and (macro-) spicules. The choice of the CM was governed by its intuitive description of complex chromospheric structures as clouds suspended above the solar surface by magnetic fields. This study is based on observations of active region NOAA 11126 in H alpha, which were obtained November 18-23, 2010 with the echelle spectrograph of the vacuum tower telescope at the Observatorio del Teide, Spain. Principal component analysis reduces the dimensionality of spectra and conditions noise-stripped spectra for CM inversions. Modeled H alpha intensity and contrast profiles as well as CM parameters are collected in a database, which facilitates efficient processing of the observed spectra. Physical maps are computed representing the line-core and continuum intensity, absolute contrast, equivalent width, and Doppler velocities, among others. Noise-free spectra expedite the analysis of bisectors. The data processing is evaluated in the context of "big data," in particular with respect to automatic classification of spectra.
Zaragoza-Cardiel, Javier ; Gómez-González, Víctor Mauricio Alfonso ; Mayya, Yalia Divakara ; Ramos-Larios, Gerardo
We here present the results from a detailed analysis of nebular abundances of commonly observed ions in the collisional ring galaxy Cartwheel using the Very Large Telescope (VLT) Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data set. The analysis includes 221 H II regions in the star-forming ring, in addition to 40 relatively fainter H a-emitting regions in the spokes, disc, and the inner ring. The ionic abundances of He, N, O, and Fe are obtained using the direct method (DM) for 9, 20, 20, and 17 ring H II regions, respectively, where the S++ temperature-sensitive line is detected. For the rest of the regions, including all the nebulae between the inner and the outer ring, we obtained O abundances using the strong-line method (SLM). The ring regions have a median 12 + log O/H = 8.19 +/- 0.15, log N/O = -1.57 +/- 0.09 and log Fe/O = -2.24 +/- 0.09 using the DM. Within the range of O abundances seen in the Cartwheel, the N/O and Fe/O values decrease proportionately with increasing O, suggesting local enrichment of O without corresponding enrichment of primary N and Fe. The O abundances of the disc H II regions obtained using the SLM show a well-defined radial gradient. The mean O abundance of the ring H II regions is lower by similar to 0.1 dex as compared to the extrapolation of the radial gradient. The observed trends suggest the preservation of the pre-collisional abundance gradient, displacement of most of the processed elements to the ring, as predicted by the recent simulation by Renaud et al., and post-collisional infall of metal-poor gas in the ring.
Brodeur, Abel ; Mikola, Derek ; Cook, Nikolai ; Brailey, Thomas ; Briggs, Ryan ; Gendre, Alexandra de ; Dupraz, Yannick ; Fiala, Lenka ; Gabani, Jacopo ; Gauriot, Romain ; Haddad, Joanne ; Lima, Goncalo ; Ankel-Peters, Jörg ; Dreber, Anna ; Campbell, Douglas ; Kattan, Lamis ; Fages, Diego Marino ; Mierisch, Fabian ; Sun, Pu ; Wright, Taylor ; Connolly, Marie ; Hoces de la Guardia, Fernando ; Johannesson, Magnus ; Miguel, Edward ; Vilhuber, Lars ; Abarca, Alejandro ; Acharya, Mahesh ; Adjisse, Sossou Simplice ; Akhtar, Ahwaz ; Lizardi, Eduardo Alberto Ramirez ; Albrecht, Sabina ; Andersen, Synve Nygaard ; Andlib, Zubaria ; Arrora, Falak ; Ash, Thomas ; Bacher, Etienne ; Bachler, Sebastian ; Bacon, Félix ; Bagues, Manuel ; Balogh, Timea ; Batmanov, Alisher ; Barschkett, Mara ; Basdil, B. Kaan ; Dower, Jaromneda ; Castek, Ondrej ; Caviglia-Harris, Jill ; Strand, Gabriella Chauca ; Chen, Shi ; Chzhen, Asya ; Chung, Jong ; Collins, Jason ; Coppock, Alexander ; Cordeau, Hugo ; Couillard, Ben ; Crechet, Jonathan ; Crippa, Lorenzo ; Cui, Jeanne ; Czymara, Christian ; Daarstad, Haley ; Dao, Danh Chi ; Dao, Dong ; Schmandt, Marco David ; Linde, Astrid de ; Melo, Lucas De ; Deer, Lachlan ; Vera, Micole De ; Dimitrova, Velichka ; Dollbaum, Jan Fabian ; Dollbaum, Jan Matti ; Donnelly, Michael ; Huynh, Luu Duc Toan ; Dumbalska, Tsvetomira ; Duncan, Jamie ; Duong, Kiet Tuan ; Duprey, Thibaut ; Dworschak, Christoph ; Ellingsrud, Sigmund ; Elminejad, Ali ; Eissa, Yasmine ; Erhart, Andrea ; Etingin-Frati, Giulian ; Fatemi-Pour, Elaheh ; Federice, Alexa ; Feld, Jan ; Fenig, Guidon ; Firouzjaeiangalougah, Mojtaba ; Fleisje, Erlend ; Fortier-Chouinard, Alexandre ; Engel, Julia Francesca ; Fries, Tilman ; Fortier, Reid ; Fréchet, Nadjim ; Galipeau, Thomas ; Gallegos, Sebastián ; Gangji, Areez ; Gao, Xiaoying ; Garnache, Cloé ; Gáspár, Attila ; Gavrilova, Evelina ; Ghosh, Arijit ; Gibney, Garreth ; Gibson, Grant ; Godager, Geir ; Goff, Leonard ; Gong, Da ; González, Javier ; Gretton, Jeremy ; Griffa, Cristina ; Grigoryeva, Idaliya ; Grtting, Maja ; Guntermann, Eric ; Guo, Jiaqi ; Gugushvili, Alexi ; Habibnia, Hooman ; Häffner, Sonja ; Hall, Jonathan D. ; Hammar, Olle ; Kordt, Amund Hanson ; Hashimoto, Barry ; Hartley, Jonathan S. ; Hausladen, Carina I. ; Havránek, Tomáš ; Hazen, Jacob ; He, Harry ; Hepplewhite, Matthew ; Herrera-Rodriguez, Mario ; Heuer, Felix ; Heyes, Anthony ; Ho, Anson T. Y. ; Holmes, Jonathan ; Holzknecht, Armando ; Hsu, Yu-Hsiang Dexter ; Hu, Shiang-Hung ; Huang, Yu-Shiuan ; Huebener, Mathias ; Huber, Christoph ; Huynh, Kim P. ; Irsova, Zuzana ; Isler, Ozan ; Jakobsson, Niklas ; Frith, Michael James ; Jananji, Raphaël ; Jayalath, Tharaka A. ; Jetter, Michael ; John, Jenny ; Forshaw, Rachel Joy ; Juan, Felipe ; Kadriu, Valon ; Karim, Sunny ; Kelly, Edmund ; Dang, Duy Khanh Hoang ; Khushboo, Tazia ; Kim, Jin ; Kjellsson, Gustav ; Kjelsrud, Anders ; Kotsadam, Andreas ; Korpershoek, Jori ; Krashinsky, Lewis ; Kundu, Suranjana ; Kustov, Alexander ; Lalayev, Nurlan ; Langlois, Audrée ; Laufer, Jill ; Lee-Whiting, Blake ; Leibing, Andreas ; Lenz, Gabriel ; Levin, Joel ; Li, Peng ; Li, Tongzhe ; Lin, Yuchen ; Listo, Ariel ; Liu, Dan ; Lu, Xuewen ; Lukmanova, Elvina ; Luscombe, Alex ; Lusher, Lester R. ; Lyu, Ke ; Ma, Hai ; Mäder, Nicolas ; Makate, Clifton ; Malmberg, Alice ; Maitra, Adit ; Mandas, Marco ; Marcus, Jan ; Margaryan, Shushanik ; Márk, Lili ; Martignano, Andres ; Marsh, Abigail ; Masetto, Isabella ; McCanny, Anthony ; McManus, Emma ; McWay, Ryan ; Metson, Lennard ; Kinge, Jonas Minet ; Mishra, Sumit ; Mohnen, Myra ; Möller, Jakob ; Montambeault, Rosalie ; Montpetit, Sébastien ; Morin, Louis-Philippe ; Morris, Todd ; Moser, Scott ; Motoki, Fabio ; Muehlenbachs, Lucija ; Musulan, Andreea ; Musumeci, Marco ; Nabin, Munirul ; Nchare, Karim ; Neubauer, Florian ; Nguyen, Quan M. P. ; Nguyen, Tuan ; Nguyen-Tien, Viet ; Niazi, Ali ; Nikolaishvili, Giorgi ; Nordstrom, Ardyn ; Nü, Patrick ; Odermatt, Angela ; Olson, Matt ; ien, Henning ; Ölkers, Tim ; Vert, Miquel Oliver i. ; Oral, Emre ; Oswald, Christian ; Ousman, Ali ; Özak, Ömer ; Pandey, Shubham ; Pavlov, Alexandre ; Pelli, Martino ; Penheiro, Romeo ; Park, RyuGyung ; Martel, Eva Pérez ; Petrovičová, Tereza ; Phan, Linh ; Prettyman, Alexa ; Procházka, Jakub ; Putri, Aqila ; Quandt, Julian ; Qiu, Kangyu ; Nguyen, Loan Quynh Thi ; Rahman, Andaleeb ; Rea, Carson H. ; Reiremo, Adam ; Renée, Laëtitia ; Richardson, Joseph ; Rivers, Nicholas ; Rodrigues, Bruno ; Roelofs, William ; Roemer, Tobias ; Rogeberg, Ole ; Rose, Julian ; Roskos-Ewoldsen, Andrew ; Rosmer, Paul ; Sabada, Barbara ; Saberian, Soodeh ; Salamanca, Nicolas ; Sator, Georg ; Sawyer, Antoine ; Scates, Daniel ; Schlüter, Elmar ; Sells, Cameron ; Sen, Sharmi ; Sethi, Ritika ; Shcherbiak, Anna ; Sogaolu, Moyosore ; Soosalu, Matt ; Srensen, Erik ; Sovani, Manali ; Spencer, Noah ; Staubli, Stefan ; Stans, Renske ; Stewart, Anya ; Stips, Felix ; Stockley, Kieran ; Strobel, Stephenson ; Struby, Ethan ; Tang, John ; Tanrisever, Idil ; Yang, Thomas Tao ; Tastan, Ipek ; Tatić, Dejan ; Tatlow, Benjamin ; Seuyong, Féraud Tchuisseu ; Thériault, Rémi ; Thivierge, Vincent ; Tian, Wenjie ; Toma, Filip-Mihai ; Totarelli, Maddalena ; Tran, Van-Anh ; Truong, Hung ; Tsoy, Nikita ; Tuzcuoglu, Kerem ; Ubfal, Diego ; Villalobos, Laura ; Walterskirchen, Julian ; Wang, Joseph Taoyi ; Wattal, Vasudha ; Webb, Matthew D. ; Weber, Bryan ; Weisser, Reinhard ; Weng, Wei-Chien ; Westheide, Christian ; White, Kimberly ; Winter, Jacob ; Wochner, Timo ; Woerman, Matt ; Wong, Jared ; Woodard, Ritchie ; Wroński, Marcin ; Yazbeck, Myra ; Yang, Gustav Chung ; Yap, Luther ; Yassin, Kareman ; Ye, Hao ; Yoon, Jin Young ; Yurris, Chris ; Zahra, Tahreen ; Zaneva, Mirela ; Zayat, Aline ; Zhang, Jonathan ; Zhao, Ziwei ; Yaolang, Zhong
This study pushes our understanding of research reliability by reproducing and replicating claims from 110 papers in leading economic and political science journals. The analysis involves computational reproducibility checks and robustness assessments. It reveals several patterns. First, we uncover a high rate of fully computationally reproducible results (over 85%). Second, excluding minor issues like missing packages or broken pathways, we uncover coding errors for about 25% of studies, with some studies containing multiple errors. Third, we test the robustness of the results to 5,511 re-analyses. We find a robustness reproducibility of about 70%. Robustness reproducibility rates are relatively higher for re-analyses that introduce new data and lower for re-analyses that change the sample or the definition of the dependent variable. Fourth, 52% of re-analysis effect size estimates are smaller than the original published estimates and the average statistical significance of a re-analysis is 77% of the original. Lastly, we rely on six teams of researchers working independently to answer eight additional research questions on the determinants of robustness reproducibility. Most teams find a negative relationship between replicators' experience and reproducibility, while finding no relationship between reproducibility and the provision of intermediate or even raw data combined with the necessary cleaning codes.