Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (40)
- Postprint (14)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (1)
Keywords
- wheat (6)
- crop production (3)
- ecosystem services (3)
- edge effect (3)
- natural habitats (3)
- winter wheat (3)
- A. tenuissima (2)
- Alternaria infectoria (2)
- Alternaria mycotoxins (2)
- Alternaria species-groups (2)
- Alternaria toxin sulfates (2)
- HPLC-MS/MS (2)
- ISM: clouds (2)
- LC-MS/MS (2)
- altenuic acid (2)
- altertoxins (2)
- arable weeds (2)
- cereal leaf beetle (2)
- chemotaxonomy (2)
- cosmic rays (2)
- fungal pathogens (2)
- gamma rays: general (2)
- herbivory (2)
- land sharing vs. land sparing (2)
- modified Alternaria toxins (2)
- mycotoxin profile (2)
- perylene quinone derivatives (2)
- radiation mechanisms: non-thermal (2)
- rice (2)
- secondary metabolite profiling (2)
- small-spored Alternaria fungi (2)
- structural equation model (2)
- Alternaria (1)
- Antioxidant response (1)
- Australia (1)
- Biodiversity Exploratories (1)
- Birds of prey (1)
- Chloroplast (1)
- Crossmodal matching (1)
- Decomposition (1)
- Fine roots (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- Germination (1)
- Gondwana (1)
- Haptics (1)
- ISM (1)
- ISM: supernova remnants (1)
- Kinesthetic representations (1)
- Land use intensity (1)
- Lignin: N ratio (1)
- Oxidative stress (1)
- Plasma concentration (1)
- Plate tectonics (1)
- Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Rodinia (1)
- Stress signaling (1)
- Supercontinent breakup (1)
- Supercontinent cycle (1)
- Synchronization (1)
- Temperate ecosystems (1)
- Visual representations (1)
- XFELs (1)
- adeno-associated-virus (1)
- agricultural grasslands (1)
- air-water-interface (1)
- alpha-Tocopherol (1)
- antimalarial activity (1)
- antioxidants (1)
- aqueous-solution (1)
- beta-lactamase (1)
- biodiversity loss (1)
- biomaterials (1)
- block-copolymers (1)
- canopy (1)
- capsid stability (1)
- chirality (1)
- clusters (1)
- free radicals (1)
- fungal community (1)
- galaxies: active (1)
- gamma rays: (1)
- gravity (1)
- inverted terminal repeat (ITR) (1)
- joziknipholones (1)
- land sharing vs (1)
- land sparing (1)
- lithosphere (1)
- loop modification (1)
- microclimate (1)
- mineralization beneath (1)
- models (1)
- morphology (1)
- natural products (1)
- nucleation (1)
- orthophosphates (1)
- polycationic monolayer (1)
- protein microcrystals (1)
- quasars: individual: 3C 279 (1)
- reflection spectroscopy (1)
- relativistic processes (1)
- sample delivery (1)
- sea-level (1)
- seismic tomography (1)
- serial femtosecond crystallography (1)
- skin (1)
- southern African plateau (1)
- spatially induced variance (1)
- spherical mantle convection (1)
- structure elucidation (1)
- supernovae: general (1)
- surface (1)
- vertical motion (1)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (20)
- Department für Inklusionspädagogik (8)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (7)
- Institut für Chemie (6)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (3)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (3)
- Institut für Mathematik (2)
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (2)
- Department Psychologie (1)
- Extern (1)
Although temporal heterogeneity is a well-accepted driver of biodiversity, effects of interannual variation in land-use intensity (LUI) have not been addressed yet. Additionally, responses to land use can differ greatly among different organisms; therefore, overall effects of land-use on total local biodiversity are hardly known. To test for effects of LUI (quantified as the combined intensity of fertilization, grazing, and mowing) and interannual variation in LUI (SD in LUI across time), we introduce a unique measure of whole-ecosystem biodiversity, multidiversity. This synthesizes individual diversity measures across up to 49 taxonomic groups of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria from 150 grasslands. Multidiversity declined with increasing LUI among grasslands, particularly for rarer species and aboveground organisms, whereas common species and belowground groups were less sensitive. However, a high level of interannual variation in LUI increased overall multidiversity at low LUI and was even more beneficial for rarer species because it slowed the rate at which the multidiversity of rare species declined with increasing LUI. In more intensively managed grasslands, the diversity of rarer species was, on average, 18% of the maximum diversity across all grasslands when LUI was static over time but increased to 31% of the maximum when LUI changed maximally over time. In addition to decreasing overall LUI, we suggest varying LUI across years as a complementary strategy to promote biodiversity conservation.
MYB transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. Here, we report MYB112 as a formerly unknown regulator of anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Expression profiling after chemically induced overexpression of MYB112 identified 28 up-and 28 down-regulated genes 5 h after inducer treatment, including MYB7 and MYB32, which are both induced. In addition, upon extended induction, MYB112 also positively affects the expression of PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT1, a key TF of anthocyanin biosynthesis, but acts negatively toward MYB12 and MYB111, which both control flavonol biosynthesis. MYB112 binds to an 8-bp DNA fragment containing the core sequence (A/T/G)(A/C) CC(A/T)(A/G/T)(A/C)(T/C). By electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we show that MYB112 binds in vitro and in vivo to MYB7 and MYB32 promoters, revealing them as direct downstream target genes. We further show that MYB112 expression is up-regulated by salinity and high light stress, environmental parameters that both require the MYB112 TF for anthocyanin accumulation under these stresses. In contrast to several other MYB TFs affecting anthocyanin biosynthesis, MYB112 expression is not controlled by nitrogen limitation or an excess of carbon. Thus, MYB112 constitutes a regulator that promotes anthocyanin accumulation under abiotic stress conditions.
Semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are becoming increasingly scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. This may reduce natural ecosystem services such as pest control with its putatively positive effect on crop production. In agreement with other studies, we recently reported wheat yield reductions at field borders which were linked to the type of SNH and the distance to the border. In this experimental landscape-wide study, we asked whether these yield losses have a biotic origin while analyzing fungal seed and fungal leaf pathogens, herbivory of cereal leaf beetles, and weed cover as hypothesized mediators between SNHs and yield. We established experimental winter wheat plots of a single variety within conventionally managed wheat fields at fixed distances either to a hedgerow or to an in-field kettle hole. For each plot, we recorded the fungal infection rate on seeds, fungal infection and herbivory rates on leaves, and weed cover. Using several generalized linear mixed-effects models as well as a structural equation model, we tested the effects of SNHs at a field scale (SNH type and distance to SNH) and at a landscape scale (percentage and diversity of SNHs within a 1000-m radius). In the dry year of 2016, we detected one putative biotic culprit: Weed cover was negatively associated with yield values at a 1-m and 5-m distance from the field border with a SNH. None of the fungal and insect pests, however, significantly affected yield, neither solely nor depending on type of or distance to a SNH. However, the pest groups themselves responded differently to SNH at the field scale and at the landscape scale. Our findings highlight that crop losses at field borders may be caused by biotic culprits; however, their negative impact seems weak and is putatively reduced by conventional farming practices.
Semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are becoming increasingly scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. This may reduce natural ecosystem services such as pest control with its putatively positive effect on crop production. In agreement with other studies, we recently reported wheat yield reductions at field borders which were linked to the type of SNH and the distance to the border. In this experimental landscape-wide study, we asked whether these yield losses have a biotic origin while analyzing fungal seed and fungal leaf pathogens, herbivory of cereal leaf beetles, and weed cover as hypothesized mediators between SNHs and yield. We established experimental winter wheat plots of a single variety within conventionally managed wheat fields at fixed distances either to a hedgerow or to an in-field kettle hole. For each plot, we recorded the fungal infection rate on seeds, fungal infection and herbivory rates on leaves, and weed cover. Using several generalized linear mixed-effects models as well as a structural equation model, we tested the effects of SNHs at a field scale (SNH type and distance to SNH) and at a landscape scale (percentage and diversity of SNHs within a 1000-m radius). In the dry year of 2016, we detected one putative biotic culprit: Weed cover was negatively associated with yield values at a 1-m and 5-m distance from the field border with a SNH. None of the fungal and insect pests, however, significantly affected yield, neither solely nor depending on type of or distance to a SNH. However, the pest groups themselves responded differently to SNH at the field scale and at the landscape scale. Our findings highlight that crop losses at field borders may be caused by biotic culprits; however, their negative impact seems weak and is putatively reduced by conventional farming practices.