Refine
Has Fulltext
- yes (144) (remove)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Postprint (99)
- Article (24)
- Conference Proceeding (5)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (4)
- Doctoral Thesis (4)
- Part of Periodical (3)
- Preprint (2)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Review (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Keywords
- football (4)
- agriculture (3)
- machine learning (3)
- patterns (3)
- variability (3)
- Cloud Computing (2)
- Forschungsprojekte (2)
- Future SOC Lab (2)
- In-Memory Technologie (2)
- Leguminosae (2)
- Multicore Architekturen (2)
- Performance (2)
- VIIRS DNB (2)
- adaptation (2)
- adolescents (2)
- artifical intelligence (2)
- cancer (2)
- climate policy (2)
- climate-change (2)
- cloud computing (2)
- conservation (2)
- diffusion (2)
- dispersal (2)
- diversity (2)
- ecosystems (2)
- evolution (2)
- exercise (2)
- home range (2)
- insurance (2)
- magnetosphere (2)
- maschinelles Lernen (2)
- multicore architectures (2)
- performance (2)
- raman-scattering (2)
- rate of perceived exertion (2)
- recovery (2)
- remote sensing (2)
- research projects (2)
- risk factors (2)
- rolling averages (2)
- spectroscopy (2)
- states (2)
- temperature (2)
- training (2)
- training load (2)
- weighted moving averages (2)
- (S)-Elatadihydrochalcone (1)
- (S)-Lupinifolin 4´-methyl ether (1)
- 1.5 degrees C (1)
- 2-wyas translation (1)
- AC -Impedance (1)
- AC Impedanz (1)
- Adar formation (1)
- Afghanistan (1)
- AgroScapeLabs (1)
- Altenglisch (1)
- Alzheimer (1)
- Amphiphiles (1)
- Anglistik (1)
- Aphid host (1)
- Aphidius ervi (1)
- Auswanderung (1)
- Außenpolitik (1)
- B12-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation (1)
- BL Lacertae objects: individual (1)
- BMI change (1)
- Barents Sea (1)
- Berlin (1)
- Bland and Altman plot (1)
- Brandenburg (1)
- Breton (1)
- Bretonisch (1)
- CM(-1) (1)
- Chemosensory genes (1)
- Colorado injury report system (CIRS) (1)
- Complexity (1)
- Convergence (1)
- Crotalus (1)
- DNA methylation loss (1)
- Database (1)
- Derris trifoliata (1)
- Deutschland (1)
- Drug delivery (1)
- E-Learning (1)
- Einwanderung (1)
- Elite-Athleten (1)
- Englisch (1)
- English (1)
- Environmental magnetism (1)
- Equatorial Pacific (1)
- Europaidentität (1)
- European Multi Lake Survey (1)
- European Union (1)
- European identity (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- F-statistics (1)
- FGF21 (1)
- Falkland islands (1)
- Fatigue (1)
- Festelektrolyten (1)
- Flavanone (1)
- Football (1)
- Forest-savannah (1)
- Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (1)
- GC content (1)
- GCN2 (1)
- GEOMAGIA50 (1)
- Galactosides (1)
- Game-based learning (1)
- Ganymede (1)
- Geomagnetism (1)
- Germany (1)
- Glycoconjugates (1)
- Glycopeptides (1)
- Greenland (1)
- Gulf of Mexico (1)
- HDAC1 (1)
- Hochdruckrelikte (1)
- Human physical conditioning (1)
- IOC (1)
- IOC consensus statement 2009 (1)
- In-Memory technology (1)
- International Politics (1)
- Internationale Politik (1)
- Irisch (1)
- Irish (1)
- JH-III-specific carrier protein (1)
- Juvenile hormone (1)
- Kenya Rift (1)
- Komplexität (1)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- L-Asterisk (1)
- Lake Van (1)
- Language Change (1)
- Language Contact (1)
- Leptinotarsa decemlineata (1)
- Lithium ion battery (1)
- Lithium-Ionen-Batterie (1)
- Lupinifolin (1)
- Lysiphlebus fabarum (1)
- LysoPC(20:0) (1)
- MADS-domain transcription factor (1)
- MS neurodegeneration (1)
- Menderes Massif (1)
- Menderes Massiv (1)
- Microtus arvalis (1)
- Middle East (1)
- Migration, Deutsche Demokratische Republik, Mosambik, Schule der Freundschaft (1)
- Migrationsgeschichte (1)
- Mobiles Lernen (1)
- Modernisierung (1)
- Modernisierungstheorie (1)
- Modernization (1)
- Mojave toxin (1)
- Monazit (1)
- Morphologie (1)
- Morphology (1)
- Movement (1)
- Muscle strength (1)
- Musculoskeletal and neural physiological phenomena (1)
- N-E (1)
- NM (1)
- NRPS (1)
- Naher Osten (1)
- Neotropics (1)
- Netherlands (1)
- Niger River (1)
- Olympic Games (1)
- Onlinelehre (1)
- PKS (1)
- PPMS (1)
- Palaeotropics (1)
- Paleomagnetism (1)
- Palynology (1)
- Parasitoid wasp (1)
- Paris Agreement (1)
- Partial Little Square (1)
- Patagonian Shelf (1)
- Pathological Narcissism Inventory (1)
- Peace and Conflict Studies (1)
- Pipistrellus nathusii (1)
- Pleistocene (1)
- Plyometric exercise (1)
- Pollen trap (1)
- Quantification (1)
- Quantifizierun (1)
- Quantitative Trait Locus (1)
- Quantitative Trait Locus analysis (1)
- RUNX2 (1)
- Recovery (1)
- Repeated sprint (1)
- Resistance training (1)
- Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength (1)
- Risikofaktoren (1)
- Risk-IQ (1)
- Rock magnetism (1)
- Sahel (1)
- Savanna (1)
- Sediment magnetism (1)
- Seedpods (1)
- Southeast Finland (1)
- Southern Ethiopia (1)
- Speed (1)
- Sprachkontakt (1)
- Sprachkonvergenz (1)
- Sprachwandel (1)
- Steroid esters (1)
- Stress levels (1)
- TRIPP model (1)
- Taiwan (1)
- Team sports (1)
- Tephrosia elata (1)
- Toll and Imd pathways (1)
- Turkana-Basin (1)
- Typologie (1)
- Venom proteins (1)
- Verletzung (1)
- Verteidigungspolitik (1)
- Walisisch (1)
- Welsh (1)
- West Greenland (1)
- [N]phenylene dyads (1)
- [N]phenylenes (1)
- acceleration (1)
- accuracy assessment (1)
- acoustic communication (1)
- acute chronic workload ratio (1)
- acute kidney injury (1)
- adiposity (1)
- admixture (1)
- aging (1)
- airglow (1)
- all-cause mortality (1)
- alleles (1)
- allometry (1)
- alpine (1)
- anatoxin (1)
- ancient (1)
- ancient DNA (1)
- anhydrase CAH3 (1)
- animal migration (1)
- animal movement (1)
- animal personality (1)
- anterior cruciate ligament (1)
- anthropometric measures (1)
- archaeology (1)
- area-based conservation (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- artificial light (1)
- artificial light at night (1)
- assessment (1)
- association (1)
- attosecond phenomena (1)
- auger spectrum (1)
- autocorrelation (1)
- autologous chondrocyte implantation (1)
- automated radio telemetry (1)
- bat fatalities (1)
- bats (1)
- behavioral type (1)
- bibliometric analysis (1)
- bio-optical modeling (1)
- biobanks (1)
- biodiversity decline (1)
- biological anthropology (1)
- biological invasion (1)
- biomarker (1)
- biomass (1)
- birds (1)
- birth weight (1)
- blood (1)
- body density (1)
- body parts (1)
- bottlenecks (1)
- buildings (1)
- calcium influx (1)
- calibration (1)
- carbon (1)
- carbon concentrating mechanism (1)
- carbon price (1)
- carbon-cycle (1)
- carbonaceous aerosols (1)
- cartilage defect (1)
- cartilage repair (1)
- catchments (1)
- cell transplantation (1)
- challenges (1)
- change of direction speed (1)
- chaotic neural dynamics (1)
- charcoal (1)
- chemical dating (1)
- chemische Datierung (1)
- chemistry (1)
- chromatin accessibility (1)
- cis-regulatory evolution (1)
- climate (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate change adaptation (1)
- climate mitigation (1)
- climate variability (1)
- cloud (1)
- co-citation analysis (1)
- co2 concentrating mechanism (1)
- co2 concentration (1)
- collapse (1)
- colonization (1)
- comprehensive evaluation instrument (1)
- conditioning exercise (1)
- conflict (1)
- connectivity (1)
- consequences (1)
- conservation genetics (1)
- construct validity (1)
- consultation (1)
- core PG1351 (1)
- corporate entrepreneurship (1)
- cortical network models (1)
- cortical oscillations (1)
- cross-sectional (1)
- cylindrospermopsin (1)
- damage (1)
- de novo genome assembly (1)
- deep biosphere (1)
- defence policy (1)
- dementia (1)
- diet (1)
- dietary restriction (1)
- direct effects (1)
- distance seed dispersial (1)
- domestication (1)
- duration of gestation (1)
- eavesdropping (1)
- eccentric-plyometric (1)
- echolocation (1)
- ecology (1)
- ecosystem service (1)
- electron acceleration (1)
- electrons (1)
- elevated CO2 (1)
- elevation (1)
- elite athlete (1)
- emission (1)
- emission factors (1)
- emissions (1)
- enantioselectivity (1)
- end-stage kidney disease (1)
- environmental genomics (1)
- enzyme activities (1)
- eocene thermal maximum (1)
- european bat species (1)
- evaluation tool (1)
- exercise therapy (1)
- expectations (1)
- expression (1)
- external training load (1)
- extinction event (1)
- extraction (1)
- extreme weather (1)
- factor analysis (1)
- fast dissociation (1)
- fatigue (1)
- feasibility (1)
- feature selection (1)
- fetus (1)
- fitness (1)
- flood adaptation (1)
- flood mitigation (1)
- floral meristem (1)
- floral organ (1)
- flower development (1)
- flycatchers (1)
- food web (1)
- force (1)
- foreign policy (1)
- forward and backward translation (1)
- fracture (1)
- fragmentation (1)
- frequency (1)
- freshwater (1)
- functional performance (1)
- future (1)
- galaxies: high-redshift (1)
- gamma-ray bursts (1)
- gamma-rays: general (1)
- genetics (1)
- genome-wide association (1)
- genome-wide association study (1)
- genotype (1)
- global climate (1)
- global food demand (1)
- green algae (1)
- green growth (1)
- green-green dilemma (1)
- growth regulate factor (1)
- gulf coastal plain (1)
- heat-stress (1)
- hematocrit (1)
- heterogeneous cohorts (1)
- heterojunction silicon solar cells (1)
- hierarchical modular networks (1)
- hierarchy-of-hypotheses approach (1)
- high pressure relicts (1)
- history (1)
- holocene (1)
- horizontal equity (1)
- hormones (1)
- human physical conditioning (1)
- hybridization (1)
- hydrogenase (1)
- hydrological modeling (1)
- hyperspectral measurements (1)
- impacts (1)
- in-memory technology (1)
- in-situ (1)
- indirect effects (1)
- injury and illness (1)
- injury risk (1)
- injury surveillance (1)
- inland water (1)
- interaction (1)
- interactions (1)
- interfaces (1)
- international competition participation (1)
- international sport federations (IFs) (1)
- intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (1)
- intrinsic neuronal diversity (1)
- introgression (1)
- inventory of life events (ILE) (1)
- inversion (1)
- ionic liquids (1)
- ionische Flüssigkeiten (1)
- irregular firing activity (1)
- just transition (1)
- keratinocytes (1)
- kernel density estimation (1)
- knee joint (1)
- künstliche Intelligenz (1)
- lake (1)
- land management (1)
- landscape (1)
- last glacial maximum (1)
- levoglucosan (1)
- light pollution (1)
- liquid water (1)
- longitudinal (1)
- losses (1)
- lubrication (1)
- macroeconomic models (1)
- magnetic fields (1)
- magnetic-field (1)
- marine mammal (1)
- marine predator (1)
- mass index (1)
- maturation (1)
- medical care providers (MCP) (1)
- medical care providers questionnaire (MCPQ) (1)
- medical education (1)
- medical history (1)
- medical resources (1)
- medical support (1)
- medium-sized carnivores (1)
- melt (1)
- meltice-sheet motion (1)
- mental health (1)
- mental imagery (1)
- mesenchymal stem cells (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metagenomics 2.0 (1)
- microbial activity (1)
- microcomputed tomography (1)
- microcystin (1)
- middle adulthood (1)
- migration (1)
- model (1)
- moderators (1)
- modernization theory (1)
- molecular evolution (1)
- molecular tracers (1)
- molecule (1)
- monazite (1)
- monitoring (1)
- morphology (1)
- mothers (1)
- mountains (1)
- multi-factor (1)
- multi-scale habitat modeling (1)
- multi-sports (1)
- multiple logistic regression (1)
- nanoparticles (1)
- nanotoxicology (1)
- narcissism (1)
- national Olympic committees (NOCs) (1)
- nationalities (1)
- natural climate solutions (1)
- networks (1)
- night lights (1)
- nightlights (1)
- nomological network (1)
- non-competition periods (1)
- ocean acidification (1)
- offspring (1)
- olorgesailie formation (1)
- oncology (1)
- opinions (1)
- opportunity (1)
- organic aerosols (1)
- origination (1)
- otters (1)
- overreaching (1)
- overtraining (1)
- overtraining syndrome (1)
- overweight (1)
- panafrican orogeny (1)
- panafrikanische Orogenese (1)
- parentage (1)
- particle characterization (1)
- peak height velocity (1)
- perceived stress scale (PSS) (1)
- periodic health exam (PHE) (1)
- perovskite solar cells (1)
- phonotaxis (1)
- photoinduced electron transfer (1)
- physical fitness (1)
- physical performance (1)
- physiology (1)
- plant development (1)
- playback (1)
- pollen records (1)
- population (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- postural stability (1)
- postural sway (1)
- potential-energy surface (1)
- pre-participation evaluation (PPE) (1)
- prediction (1)
- productivity (1)
- projections (1)
- protection (1)
- protein (1)
- protein restriction (1)
- psycho-oncology (1)
- psychosocial (1)
- public-participation (1)
- questionnaire (1)
- rabies spread (1)
- radiation belts (1)
- range dynamics (1)
- rapid eGFRcrea decline (1)
- recombinant inbred line (1)
- redistribution (1)
- regimes (1)
- rehabilitation (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- renewable energy subsidies (1)
- reproductive success (1)
- reserve design (1)
- resilience (1)
- resistance training (1)
- responses (1)
- restoration (1)
- return-to-sport (1)
- reversible shape-memory actuator (1)
- risk management (1)
- salinity (1)
- salmonella typhimurium (1)
- scales (1)
- scaling (1)
- scarcity (1)
- schedule (1)
- seasonal evolution (1)
- seasonality (1)
- sedimentation (1)
- seismology ; PKP caustic point B ; diffraction of PKP core phases ; decay spectra of waveform data ; transition zone to the earth's inner core ; Germa (1)
- self-sustained activity (1)
- sensitivity (1)
- sequence (1)
- severe injury (1)
- simulation-based attribution (1)
- single nucleotide polymorphism (1)
- size (1)
- skills (1)
- snow (1)
- software (1)
- solid-state-electrolyte (1)
- space mission (1)
- spatial distribution (1)
- specialization (1)
- spectrum (1)
- speed (1)
- sport format (1)
- sport injury (1)
- sport injury risk factors model (1)
- sport location (1)
- sport training (1)
- sport-specific performance (1)
- stability (1)
- stars: early-type (1)
- stars: individual (HD 164492C, CPD –57 ◦ 3509, HD 54879, β CMa, ε CMa) (1)
- stars: magnetic fields (1)
- statins (1)
- strategies (1)
- stress (1)
- stress and injury model (1)
- stretch-shortening cycle (1)
- striking combat sports (1)
- study (1)
- subglacial drainage (1)
- surface reflection (1)
- sustainable investment (1)
- switzerland (1)
- synthesis (1)
- system (1)
- systematic review (1)
- table-top sources (1)
- taekwondo electronic scoring system (1)
- taekwondo-specific testing (1)
- tandem solar cells (1)
- tasks (1)
- team sports (1)
- technical progress (1)
- test-retest reliabilities (1)
- thin films (1)
- tidal flats (1)
- time-series (1)
- training adaptation (1)
- training environment (1)
- training phases (1)
- tritium assay (1)
- ultra-high energy cosmic rays (1)
- ultrafast molecular dynamics (1)
- units (1)
- untargeted metabolomics (1)
- up-down states (1)
- validated measure (1)
- vapor (1)
- vegetation (1)
- venom (1)
- vibrational structure (1)
- vulnerability (1)
- water availability (1)
- water-vapor (1)
- weight gain (1)
- weight loss (1)
- weightlifting (1)
- whole-genome association (1)
- wind energy production (1)
- wind energy-biodiversity (1)
- x-ray free-electron lasers (1)
- x-ray spectroscopies and phenomena (1)
- youth soccer (1)
- β-Hydroxydihydrochalcone (1)
Institute
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (30)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (26)
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (14)
- Institut für Chemie (13)
- Strukturbereich Kognitionswissenschaften (13)
- Extern (11)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (9)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (5)
- Department Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften (4)
- Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH (3)
Stem cells are capable of sensing and processing environmental inputs, converting this information to output a specific cell lineage through signaling cascades. Despite the combinatorial nature of mechanical, thermal, and biochemical signals, these stimuli have typically been decoupled and applied independently, requiring continuous regulation by controlling units. We employ a programmable polymer actuator sheet to autonomously synchronize thermal and mechanical signals applied to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC5). Using a grid on its underside, the shape change of polymer sheet, as well as cell morphology, calcium (Ca2+) influx, and focal adhesion assembly, could be visualized and quantified. This paper gives compelling evidence that the temperature sensing and mechanosensing of MSC5 are interconnected via intracellular Ca2+. Up-regulated Ca2+ levels lead to a remarkable alteration of histone H3K9 acetylation and activation of osteogenic related genes. The interplay of physical, thermal, and biochemical signaling was utilized to accelerate the cell differentiation toward osteogenic lineage. The approach of programmable bioinstructivity provides a fundamental principle for functional biomaterials exhibiting multifaceted stimuli on differentiation programs. Technological impact is expected in the tissue engineering of periosteum for treating bone defects.
Estimating global mean sea-level rise and its uncertainties by 2100 and 2300 from an expert survey
(2020)
Sea-level rise projections and knowledge of their uncertainties are vital to make informed mitigation and adaptation decisions. To elicit projections from members of the scientific community regarding future global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise, we repeated a survey originally conducted five years ago. Under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6, 106 experts projected a likely (central 66% probability) GMSL rise of 0.30-0.65 m by 2100, and 0.54-2.15 m by 2300, relative to 1986-2005. Under RCP 8.5, the same experts projected a likely GMSL rise of 0.63-1.32 m by 2100, and 1.67-5.61 m by 2300. Expert projections for 2100 are similar to those from the original survey, although the projection for 2300 has extended tails and is higher than the original survey. Experts give a likelihood of 42% (original survey) and 45% (current survey) that under the high-emissions scenario GMSL rise will exceed the upper bound (0.98 m) of the likely range estimated by the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is considered to have an exceedance likelihood of 17%. Responses to open-ended questions suggest that the increases in upper-end estimates and uncertainties arose from recent influential studies about the impact of marine ice cliff instability on the meltwater contribution to GMSL rise from the Antarctic Ice Sheet.
We develop a model of optimal carbon taxation and redistribution taking into account horizontal equity concerns by considering heterogeneous energy efficiencies. By deriving first- and second-best rules for policy instruments including carbon taxes, transfers and energy subsidies, we then investigate analytically how horizontal equity is considered in the social welfare maximizing tax structure. We calibrate the model to German household data and a 30 percent emission reduction goal. Our results show that energy-intensive households should receive more redistributive resources than energy-efficient households if and only if social inequality aversion is sufficiently high. We further find that redistribution of carbon tax revenue via household-specific transfers is the first-best policy. Equal per-capita transfers do not suffer from informational problems, but increase mitigation costs by around 15 percent compared to the first- best for unity inequality aversion. Adding renewable energy subsidies or non-linear energy subsidies, reduces mitigation costs further without relying on observability of households’ energy efficiency.
Hier geblieben?
(2022)
Die historische Forschung hat seit längerem herausgearbeitet, dass Migration nichts von einer Norm Abweichendes ist, sondern vielmehr ein »konstitutives Element der Menschheitsgeschichte« (J. Oltmer), der Mensch mithin stets ein »homo migrans« (K.-J. Bade) war. Auch die Geschichte Brandenburgs wurde seit jeher von Einwanderungsprozessen geprägt. Von »Toleranz« im modernen Sinne kann freilich keine Rede sein, sondern meistens ging es um ökonomisch nutzbringende Aufnahme bestimmter Gruppen. Sehr oft waren die Ansiedlungen aber auch das Ergebnis von Flucht, Vertreibung und kriegerischer Gewalt. Der vorliegende Band zeigt anhand von Beispielen vom frühen Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart die Bedeutung der Zuwanderung für Brandenburg auf. Der Bogen reicht von der slawischen Einwanderung des 8./9. Jahrhunderts bis zur Ankunft russisch-jüdischer »Kontingentflüchtlinge« im Gefolge der deutschen Wiedervereinigung, von Niederländern, Juden, Hugenotten, Revolutionsflüchtlingen in der Frühen Neuzeit bis hin zu Muslimen, Zwangsarbeitern, Vertriebenen und DDR-»Fremdarbeitern« im 20. Jahrhundert – eine Geschichte der Vielfalt des brandenburgischen Raumes und seiner Bevölkerung im Spiegel der Zuwanderung.
Background: The standard method to treat physically active patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is ligament reconstruction surgery. The rehabilitation training program is very important to improve functional performance in recreational athletes following ACL reconstruction.
Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the effects of three different training programs, eccentric training (ECC), plyometric training (PLYO), or combined eccentric and plyometric training (COMB), on dynamic balance (Y-BAL), the Lysholm Knee Scale (LKS), the return to sport index (RSI), and the leg symmetry index (LSI) for the single leg hop test for distance in elite female athletes after ACL surgery.
Materials and Methods: Fourteen weeks after rehabilitation from surgery, 40 elite female athletes (20.3 ± 3.2 years), who had undergone an ACL reconstruction, participated in a short-term (6 weeks; two times a week) training study. All participants received the same rehabilitation protocol prior to the training study. Athletes were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, ECC (n = 10), PLYO (n = 10), and COMB (n = 10), and to a control group (CON: n = 10). Testing was conducted before and after the 6-week training programs and included the Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI. LSI was assessed after the 6-week training programs only.
Results: Adherence rate was 100% across all groups and no training or test-related injuries were reported. No significant between-group baseline differences (pre-6-week training) were observed for any of the parameters. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for Y-BAL (p < 0.001, ES = 1.73), LKS (p < 0.001, ES = 0.76), and RSI (p < 0.001, ES = 1.39). Contrast analysis demonstrated that COMB yielded significantly greater improvements in Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI (all p < 0.001), in addition to significantly better performances in LSI (all p < 0.001), than CON, PLYO, and ECC, respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion, combined (eccentric/plyometric) training seems to represent the most effective training method as it exerts positive effects on both stability and functional performance in the post-ACL-surgical rehabilitation period of elite female athletes.
Previous studies have not considered the potential influence of maturity status on the relationship between mental imagery and change of direction (CoD) speed in youth soccer. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study examined the association between mental imagery and CoD performance in young elite soccer players of different maturity status. Forty young male soccer players, aged 10-17 years, were assigned into two groups according to their predicted age at peak height velocity (PHV) (Pre-PHV; n = 20 and Post-PHV; n = 20). Participants were evaluated on soccer-specific tests of CoD with (CoDBall-15m) and without (CoD-15m) the ball. Participants completed the movement imagery questionnaire (MIQ) with the three- dimensional structure, internal visual imagery (IVI), external visual imagery (EVI), as well as kinesthetic imagery (KI). The Post-PHV players achieved significantly better results than Pre-PHV in EVI (ES = 1.58, large; p < 0.001), CoD-15m (ES = 2.09, very large; p < 0.001) and CoDBall-15m (ES = 1.60, large; p < 0.001). Correlations were significantly different between maturity groups, where, for the pre-PHV group, a negative very large correlation was observed between CoDBall-15m and KI (r = –0.73, p = 0.001). For the post-PHV group, large negative correlations were observed between CoD-15m and IVI (r = –0.55, p = 0.011), EVI (r = –062, p = 0.003), and KI (r = –0.52, p = 0.020). A large negative correlation of CoDBall-15m with EVI (r = –0.55, p = 0.012) and very large correlation with KI (r = –0.79, p = 0.001) were also observed. This study provides evidence of the theoretical and practical use for the CoD tasks stimulus with imagery. We recommend that sport psychology specialists, coaches, and athletes integrated imagery for CoD tasks in pre-pubertal soccer players to further improve CoD related performance.
The extent of gene flow during the range expansion of non-native species influences the amount of genetic diversity retained in expanding populations. Here, we analyse the population genetic structure of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in north-eastern and central Europe. This invasive species is of management concern because it is highly susceptible to fox rabies and an important secondary host of the virus. We hypothesized that the large number of introduced animals and the species' dispersal capabilities led to high population connectivity and maintenance of genetic diversity throughout the invaded range. We genotyped 332 tissue samples from seven European countries using 16 microsatellite loci. Different algorithms identified three genetic clusters corresponding to Finland, Denmark and a large 'central' population that reached from introduction areas in western Russia to northern Germany. Cluster assignments provided evidence of long-distance dispersal. The results of an Approximate Bayesian Computation analysis supported a scenario of equal effective population sizes among different pre-defined populations in the large central cluster. Our results are in line with strong gene flow and secondary admixture between neighbouring demes leading to reduced genetic structuring, probably a result of its fairly rapid population expansion after introduction. The results presented here are remarkable in the sense that we identified a homogenous genetic cluster inhabiting an area stretching over more than 1500km. They are also relevant for disease management, as in the event of a significant rabies outbreak, there is a great risk of a rapid virus spread among raccoon dog populations.
Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers. Associations of weight change in middle adulthood with cancer risk, however, are less clear. We examined the association of change in weight and body mass index (BMI) category during middle adulthood with 42 cancers, using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Of 241 323 participants (31% men), 20% lost and 32% gained weight (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) during 6.9 years (average). During 8.0 years of follow-up after the second weight assessment, 20 960 incident cancers were ascertained. Independent of baseline BMI, weight gain (per one kg/year increment) was positively associated with cancer of the corpus uteri (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.23). Compared to stable weight (+/- 0.4 kg/year), weight gain (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) was positively associated with cancers of the gallbladder and bile ducts (HR = 1.41; 1.01-1.96), postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.08; 1.00-1.16) and thyroid (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.90). Compared to maintaining normal weight, maintaining overweight or obese BMI (World Health Organisation categories) was positively associated with most obesity-related cancers. Compared to maintaining the baseline BMI category, weight gain to a higher BMI category was positively associated with cancers of the postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.19; 1.06-1.33), ovary (HR = 1.40; 1.04-1.91), corpus uteri (HR = 1.42; 1.06-1.91), kidney (HR = 1.80; 1.20-2.68) and pancreas in men (HR = 1.81; 1.11-2.95). Losing weight to a lower BMI category, however, was inversely associated with cancers of the corpus uteri (HR = 0.40; 0.23-0.69) and colon (HR = 0.69; 0.52-0.92). Our findings support avoiding weight gain and encouraging weight loss in middle adulthood.
Background: Change-of-direction (CoD) is a necessary physical ability of a field sport and may vary in youth players according to their maturation status.
Objectives: The aim of this study is: to compare the effectiveness of a 6-week CoD training intervention on dynamic balance (CS-YBT), horizontal jump (5JT), speed (10 and 30-m linear sprint times), CoD with (15 m-CoD + B) and without (15 m-CoD) the ball, in youth male soccer players at different levels of maturity [pre- and post-peak height velocity (PHV)].
Materials and Methods: Thirty elite male youth soccer players aged 10–17 years from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were divided into pre- (G1, n = 15) and post-PHV (G2, n = 15) groups. Both groups completed a similar 6-week training program with two sessions per week of four CoD exercises. All players completed the following tests before and after intervention: CS-YBT; 5 JT; 10, 30, and 15 m-CoD; and 15 m-CoD + B, and data were analyzed using ANCOVA.
Results: All 30 players completed the study according to the study design and methodology. Adherence rate was 100% across all groups, and no training or test-related injuries were reported. Pre-PHV and post-PHV groups showed significant amelioration post-intervention for all dependent variables (after test > before test; p < 0.01, d = 0.09–1.51). ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction only for CS-YBT (F = 4.45; p < 0.04; η2 = 0.14), 5JT (F = 6.39; p < 0.02; η2 = 0.18), and 15 m-CoD (F = 7.88; p < 0.01; η2 = 0.22). CS-YBT, 5JT, and 15 m-CoD improved significantly in the post-PHV group (+ 4.56%, effect size = 1.51; + 4.51%, effect size = 1.05; and -3.08%, effect size = 0.51, respectively), more than the pre-PHV group (+ 2.77%, effect size = 0.85; + 2.91%, effect size = 0.54; and -1.56%, effect size = 0.20, respectively).
Conclusion: The CoD training program improved balance, horizontal jump, and CoD without the ball in male preadolescent and adolescent soccer players, and this improvement was greater in the post-PHV players. The maturity status of the athletes should be considered when programming CoD training for soccer players.