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In the earliest recorded poetry of the Insular Celtic literature, the occurrence intra-linear phoneme recurrences in addition to the rather common feature of alliteration suggest that they served an indexical motivation of the metrical constraints. This is in particular suggested by the indexical use of personal names. This practice may perhaps even reach back to Continental Celtic metrical practices which already seem to bear witness of the use of such language skills. It is particularly interesting to note that the initial mutations of the lexemes do not obstruct indexicality. It is suggested that the orally trained poets may perhaps have received specific grammatical instructions as part of their prolongued poetic education.
realisation in form of a retroflex is not only found in the English south West ('West Country burr'), but also across the English Channel in a well circumscribed area of Trégor in Brittany. Both areas also share other phonetic features such as sonorisation of word initial fricatives, epenthesis, surnames etc. How is this to be explained? Intensive mobility and trade across the sea suggest themselves as a possible answer. Travelling by sea, aided by expert knowledge of the seasonal currents and winds, was much quicker and efficient in former times than travelling across land. In this connection, the phenomenon of the "Johnnys de Roccoff" who traded Breton onions along the English coasts until very recently is pointed ou as a type of contact which may have transported phoneme realisations and lexis across the sea, forming a linguistic area with not much contact with their respective hinterlands in England and Brittany.
Feuchtesensor
(1994)
Rapid recovery of aphasia and deep dyslexia after extensive left-hemisphere damage in childhood
(1994)
Aspect in Contact
(1995)
Irland
(1995)
Linguistic Contacts Across the English Channel : the Case of the History of the Retroflex <r>
(1995)
Dynamic surface tension and surface shear rheology studies of mixed - lactoglobulin/tween 20 systems
(1995)
Evidence of extraneous surfactant adsorption altering adsorbed layer properties of b-lactoglobulin
(1995)
Integration of titin into the sarcomeres of cultured differentiating human skeletal muscle cells
(1996)
Einleitung
(1996)
Morphological processing in Italian agrammatic speakers : eight experiments in lexical morphology
(1996)
The earliest types of versification of the Insular literatures in the early middles ages (Old English, Old Welsh, Old Irish, Middle Breton) were oral-derived, i.e. orally composed and intended for listening audiences. The written records of such early poems, poreserved in the manuscripts, still reflect the flexibility of the metriccal constraints. This type of poetry is characterised by the avoidance of the total identity of the recurrent phonetic features. Rhyme is 'only' near-rhyme, alliteration only near-alliteration, accentuality only near-accentual recurrence, syllabicity only near-syllabicity etc.. This type of oral-derived aesthetics requires a very fine ear for the distinction and appreciation of the metrical near-samenesses and probably a prolongued training in the acquisition of metrical skills on teh part of the poet. In the later written poetries, which were both literate in composition and reception ("reading"), the ear was replaced by the eye. THis seems ot have required identical recurrence of metrical ffeatures rather than near-identities, ultimately leading to forms like 'rime riche' (like in French poetry), which would have been considered to be cloying in the early oral(-derived) context. In other words, the aesthetic potential of the metrical constraints depends on the medium of communication.
Paul Mankin was one of three literature professors who taught at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in the 1980s and who had attended Dylan Thomas' lecture tours at American universities thirty years earlier as students. They were particularly impressed by the power of Thomas' language and his forceful style of presentation. In this "Causerie" or interview recorded in 1985, Mankin speaks about the effect Thomas' performance at UCLA had on his own work. He also discusses the lasting value of Thomas' poetry and its impact on other poets.
High pressure X-ray diffraction, absorption, luminescence and Raman scattering study of Cs2MoS4
(1997)
Verteilung von Vitamin A und Retinol-Bindungs-Protein (RBP) in verschiedenen Geweben von Caniden
(1997)
At the suggestion of the then editor of 'Studia Celtica Japonica,' Professor Toshio Doi, this bibliography lists the returns of a questionnaire sent to all scholars in Germany who were actively involved in Celtic Studies between 1980 and 1995. They were asked to list all their publications in the field of Celtic Studies, so as to allow to carry out a survey of their research activities during this period. While most scholars kindly obliged by returning their lists, there were notable exceptions who never answered the query. Regretably, the present bibliography therefore contains important gaps, which, however, may be quite telling as far as the research situation in Germany was concerned during that period.
The great Old English epic 'Beowulf' has been dated to practically every century between the 6th and the 11th century, depending on the criteria of dating adopted and the approaches advocated by the respective scholars. As the text successfully avoids to provide definite cues or evidence for a definitive date, these scholarly attempts reveal more about the respective scholars' research interests than offering uncontroversial dates. The point of dating 'Beowulf' then seems to provide scholars with the opportunity to anchor their own personal understanding of the poem within the century of their own personal predilection.
DO in Contact?
(1997)
Periphrastic English constructions involving the verbs BE/HAVE + a nominalised verb form expressing [+imperfectivity] and [+perfectivity] have close analogues in the Insular Celtic languages, where Celtic analogues of the English verb BE + a prepositional construction marker + Verbal Noun are used. The two constructions in English and teh Celtic languages are not identical and cannot be so, because the Celtic languages do not feature present and past participles and English has no verbal nouns. But the two types of the periphrastic mode of expressing aspect are close enough to suggest either a shift scenario, a borrowing scenario and/or an areal spread by diffusion over a long period of time. Since Old English did not mark aspect, neither morphologically nor syntactically, but Old Welsh and Old Irish already did so syntactically, it is suggested here that a unilateral transfer process was involved here, which proceeded from the Celtic languages to the English language. Aspectual transfer is even more pronounced in the so-called 'Celtic Englishes,' where in addition to the periphrastic marking of [+ imperfectivity] and [+perfectivity] the marking of [+habituality] is a grammaticalised feature and is periphrastically expressed.
New physics with evanescent wave atomic mirrors : the van der Waals force and atomic diffraction
(1998)
After a brief introduction to the field of atom optics and to atomic mirrors, we present experimental results obtained in our group during the last two years while studying the reflection of rubidium atoms by an evanescent wave. These involve the first measurement of the van der Waals force between an atom in its ground state and a dielectric wall, as well as the demonstration of a reflection grating for atoms at normal incidence. We also consider the influence of quantum reflection and tunnelling phenomena. Further studies using the atomic mirror as a probe of the van der Waals interaction, and of very small surface roughness are briefly discussed.
Assignment of the human gene for the sarcomeric M-band protein myomesin (MYOM1) to 18p11.31-p11.32
(1998)
In Lake Constance, phytoplankton productivity, together with parameters relevant for the production process, was assessed year-round at about 500 dates between 1980 and 1995/1996. During this period, the concentration of total phosphorus during winter circulation decreased from more than 80 to 22 ;g/l as a consequence of sewage diversion and waste water treatment within the catchment area. By contrast, annual photosynthetic rates remained virtually unchanged for about 10 more years following phosphorus decline (mean value 288 " 21 g C m-2 a-1), and thereafter decreased only by about 25 % until 1996. The aim of this study is to analyze factors responsible for this pronounced resilience.