Refine
Year of publication
- 2012 (1791) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (1146)
- Doctoral Thesis (287)
- Monograph/Edited Volume (118)
- Conference Proceeding (53)
- Review (52)
- Preprint (49)
- Postprint (40)
- Other (16)
- Part of Periodical (12)
- Master's Thesis (8)
Language
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (1791) (remove)
Keywords
- Nachhaltigkeit (13)
- Climate Change Conference (12)
- Durban 2011 (12)
- Entwicklungspolitik (12)
- Klima (12)
- Klimakonferenz (12)
- Klimapolitik (12)
- NGO (12)
- Politik (12)
- Wirtschaft (12)
Institute
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie (260)
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie (218)
- Institut für Chemie (196)
- Institut für Geowissenschaften (170)
- Institut für Romanistik (91)
- Department Psychologie (85)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (84)
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft (61)
- Institut für Mathematik (60)
- Department Erziehungswissenschaft (49)
Social Closure
(2012)
“Social closure” is one of the most basic terms and concepts in sociology. Basically, closure refers to processes of drawing boundaries, constructing identities, and building communities in order to monopolize scarce resources for one’s own group, thereby excluding others from using them. Society is not a homogenous entity but is instead internally structured and subdivided by processes of social closure. Some social formations, such as groups, organizations, or institutions, may be open to everybody, provided they are capable of participation, while access to most others is limited due to certain criteria that either allow people to become members or exclude them from membership. Therefore, social closure is a ubiquitous, everyday phenomenon that can be observed in almost every sphere and place in the social world. Members of societies experience closure from the very beginning of their social life. To be excluded from certain groups starts at school, where presumably homogenous classes begin to subdivide into distinct peer groups or sports teams. Here, exclusion may be rather arbitrary, but the experience of having a door slammed in one’s face proceeds in cases, where inclusion depends on formal rules or preconditions. Access to private schools follows explicit rules and depends on financial capacities; access to university depends on a certificate or diploma, eventually from certain schools only; membership in a highly prestigious club depends on economic and social capital and the respective social networks; and finally, in the case of migration, people will have to be eligible for citizenship and pass the thorny path of naturalization. However, it is not just the enormous plurality of forms that makes social closure crucial for sociology. Rather, the process of closure of social relations—of groups, organizations, institutions, and even national societies—is the fundamental process of both “communal” (Vergemeinschaftung) and “associative” relationships (Vergesellschaftung), and neither would be possible without social closure. In this broad and fundamental sense, social closure is not restricted to processes in national societies. It even allows for understanding crucial processes of the way the social world is organized at the regional or global level.
Die Koloniale Karibik
(2012)
Werden nicht in der Karibik des 19. Jahrhunderts Phänomene und Prozesse vorweg-genommen, die heute erst ins Bewusstsein gelangen? Der Blick auf die kaleidoskopartige Welt der Karibik über literarische und kulturelle Transprozesse in jener Epoche erlaubt völlig neue Einsichten in die frühen Prozesse der kulturellen Globalisierung. Rassistische Diskurse, etablierte Modelle „weißer“ Abolitionisten, Erinnerungspolitiken und die bisher kaum wahrgenommene Rolle der haitianischen Revolution verbinden sich zu einem Amalgam, das unser gängiges Konzept einer genuin westlichen Moderne in Frage stellt.
Die Erfüllung sicherheitsrelevanter Aufgaben, gerade im Bereich der Wasserversorgung, erfolgt immer vor dem Hintergrund des Schutzes der Kritischen Infrastruktur selbst und eines effektiven Bevölkerungsschutzes. Daher erfordert die Organisation des Schutzes eine über die betriebsbezogene Sichtweise hinausgehende überorganisatorische Betrachtung im Gesamtkontext zunehmender Verflechtung und Abhängigkeiten der Organisationen. Die vorliegende Broschüre richtet sich daher insbesondere an kleine und mittlere Betreiber Kritischer Infrastrukturen, insbesondere im Bereich der Wasserversorgung. Diese sollen in die Lage versetzt werden, eine anforderungsgerechte, skalierbare und vor allem ressourceneffiziente Schutzkonzepterstellung durchführen zu können.
Background/Purpose
Muscular reflex responses of the lower extremities to sudden gait disturbances are related to postural stability and injury risk. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) has shown to affect activities related to the distal leg muscles while walking. Its effects on proximal muscle activities of the leg, both for the injured- (IN) and uninjured-side (NON), remain unclear. Therefore, the aim was to compare the difference of the motor control strategy in ipsilateral and contralateral proximal joints while unperturbed walking and perturbed walking between individuals with CAI and matched controls.
Materials and methods
In a cross-sectional study, 13 participants with unilateral CAI and 13 controls (CON) walked on a split-belt treadmill with and without random left- and right-sided perturbations. EMG amplitudes of muscles at lower extremities were analyzed 200 ms after perturbations, 200 ms before, and 100 ms after (Post100) heel contact while walking. Onset latencies were analyzed at heel contacts and after perturbations. Statistical significance was set at alpha≤0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were applied to determine group differences. Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated to evaluate the extent of differences.
Results
Participants with CAI showed increased EMG amplitudes for NON-rectus abdominus at Post100 and shorter latencies for IN-gluteus maximus after heel contact compared to CON (p<0.05). Overall, leg muscles (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus medius) activated earlier and less bilaterally (d = 0.30–0.88) and trunk muscles (bilateral rectus abdominus and NON-erector spinae) activated earlier and more for the CAI group than CON group (d = 0.33–1.09).
Conclusion
Unilateral CAI alters the pattern of the motor control strategy around proximal joints bilaterally. Neuromuscular training for the muscles, which alters motor control strategy because of CAI, could be taken into consideration when planning rehabilitation for CAI.
Flux-P
(2012)
Quantitative knowledge of intracellular fluxes in metabolic networks is invaluable for inferring metabolic system behavior and the design principles of biological systems. However, intracellular reaction rates can not often be calculated directly but have to be estimated; for instance, via 13C-based metabolic flux analysis, a model-based interpretation of stable carbon isotope patterns in intermediates of metabolism. Existing software such as FiatFlux, OpenFLUX or 13CFLUX supports experts in this complex analysis, but requires several steps that have to be carried out manually, hence restricting the use of this software for data interpretation to a rather small number of experiments. In this paper, we present Flux-P as an approach to automate and standardize 13C-based metabolic flux analysis, using the Bio-jETI workflow framework. Exemplarily based on the FiatFlux software, it demonstrates how services can be created that carry out the different analysis steps autonomously and how these can subsequently be assembled into software workflows that perform automated, high-throughput intracellular flux analysis of high quality and reproducibility. Besides significant acceleration and standardization of the data analysis, the agile workflow-based realization supports flexible changes of the analysis workflows on the user level, making it easy to perform custom analyses.